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  • How Can I Improve/SpeedUp This FrequentFunction in C?

    - by Peter Lee
    Hi folks, How can I improve / speed up this frequent function? #include <math.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> // Assumptions: x, y, z, a, b and c are all array of 10. // Requirement: return the value of ret; // get all elements of array c float fnFrequentFunction(const float* x, const float* y, const float* z, const float *a, const float *b, float *c, int M) { register float tmp; register float sum; register float ret = 0; int i; for (i = 0; i < M; i++) // M == 1, 2, 4, or 8 { sum = 0; tmp = x[0] - y[0]; sum += tmp * tmp * z[0]; tmp = x[1] - y[1]; sum += tmp * tmp * z[1]; tmp = x[2] - y[2]; sum += tmp * tmp * z[2]; tmp = x[3] - y[3]; sum += tmp * tmp * z[3]; tmp = x[4] - y[4]; sum += tmp * tmp * z[4]; tmp = x[5] - y[5]; sum += tmp * tmp * z[5]; tmp = x[6] - y[6]; sum += tmp * tmp * z[6]; tmp = x[7] - y[7]; sum += tmp * tmp * z[7]; tmp = x[8] - y[8]; sum += tmp * tmp * z[8]; tmp = x[9] - y[9]; sum += tmp * tmp * z[9]; ret += (c[i] = log(a[i] * b[i]) + sum); } return ret; } int main() { float x[10] = {0.001251f, 0.563585f, 0.193304f, 0.808741f, 0.585009f, 0.479873f, 0.350291f, 0.895962f, 0.622840f, 0.746605f}; float y[10] = {0.864406f, 0.709006f, 0.091433f, 0.995727f, 0.227180f, 0.902585f, 0.659047f, 0.865627f, 0.846767f, 0.514359f}; float z[10] = {0.866817f, 0.581347f, 0.175542f, 0.620197f, 0.781823f, 0.778588f, 0.938688f, 0.721610f, 0.940214f, 0.811353f}; float a[10] = {0.870205f, 0.733879f, 0.711386f, 0.588244f, 0.484176f, 0.852962f, 0.168126f, 0.684286f, 0.072573f, 0.632160f}; float b[10] = {0.871487f, 0.998108f, 0.798608f, 0.134831f, 0.576281f, 0.410779f, 0.402936f, 0.522935f, 0.623218f, 0.193030f}; float c[8]; int i; int n = 10000000; long start; // Speed test here: start = clock(); while(--n) fnFrequentFunction(x, y, z, a, b, c, 8); printf("Time used: %ld\n", clock() - start); printf("fnFrequentFunction == %f\n", fnFrequentFunction(x, y, z, a, b, c, 8)); for(i = 0; i < 8; ++i) printf(" c[%d] == %f\n", i, c[i]); printf("\n"); return 0; } Any suggestions are welcome :-)

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  • can't get texture to work

    - by user583713
    It been a while since I use android opengl but for what ever reason I get a white squre box and not the texture I what on the screen. Oh I do not think this would matter but just in case I put a linerlayout view first then the surfaceview on but anyway Here my code: public class GameEngine { private float vertices[]; private float textureUV[]; private int[] textureId = new int[1]; private FloatBuffer vertextBuffer; private FloatBuffer textureBuffer; private short indices[] = {0,1,2,2,1,3}; private ShortBuffer indexBuffer; private float x, y, z; private float rot, rotX, rotY, rotZ; public GameEngine() { } public void setEngine(float x, float y, float vertices[]){ this.x = x; this.y = y; this.vertices = vertices; ByteBuffer vbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(this.vertices.length * 4); vbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()); vertextBuffer = vbb.asFloatBuffer(); vertextBuffer.put(this.vertices); vertextBuffer.position(0); vertextBuffer.clear(); ByteBuffer ibb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(indices.length * 2); ibb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()); indexBuffer = ibb.asShortBuffer(); indexBuffer.put(indices); indexBuffer.position(0); indexBuffer.clear(); } public void draw(GL10 gl){ gl.glLoadIdentity(); gl.glTranslatef(x, y, z); gl.glRotatef(rot, rotX, rotY, rotZ); gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, textureId[0]); gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); gl.glVertexPointer(2, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, vertextBuffer); gl.glTexCoordPointer(2, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, textureBuffer); gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLES, indices.length, GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, indexBuffer); gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); } public void LoadTexture(float textureUV[], GL10 gl, InputStream is) throws IOException{ this.textureUV = textureUV; ByteBuffer tbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(this.textureUV.length * 4); tbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()); textureBuffer = tbb.asFloatBuffer(); textureBuffer.put(this.textureUV); textureBuffer.position(0); textureBuffer.clear(); Bitmap bitmap = null; try{ bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is); }finally{ try{ is.close(); is = null; gl.glGenTextures(1, textureId,0); gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, textureId[0]); gl.glTexParameterf(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL10.GL_NEAREST); gl.glTexParameterf(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL10.GL_LINEAR); //Different possible texture parameters, e.g. GL10.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE gl.glTexParameterf(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL10.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL10.GL_REPEAT); gl.glTexParameterf(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL10.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL10.GL_REPEAT); //Use the Android GLUtils to specify a two-dimensional texture image from our bitmap GLUtils.texImage2D(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, bitmap, 0); gl.glBlendFunc(GL10.GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL10.GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); //Clean up gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, textureId[0]); bitmap.recycle(); }catch(IOException e){ } } } public void setVector(float x, float y, float z){ this.x = x; this.y = y; this.z = z; } public void setRot(float rot, float x, float y, float z){ this.rot = rot; this.rotX = x; this.rotY = y; this.rotZ = z; } public float getZ(){ return z; } }

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  • Points on lines where the two lines are the closest together

    - by James Bedford
    Hey guys, I'm trying to find the points on two lines where the two lines are the closest. I've implemented the following method (Points and Vectors are as you'd expect, and a Line consists of a Point on the line and a non-normalized direction Vector from that point): void CDClosestPointsOnTwoLines(Line line1, Line line2, Point* closestPoints) { closestPoints[0] = line1.pointOnLine; closestPoints[1] = line2.pointOnLine; Vector d1 = line1.direction; Vector d2 = line2.direction; float a = d1.dot(d1); float b = d1.dot(d2); float e = d2.dot(d2); float d = a*e - b*b; if (d != 0) // If the two lines are not parallel. { Vector r = Vector(line1.pointOnLine) - Vector(line2.pointOnLine); float c = d1.dot(r); float f = d2.dot(r); float s = (b*f - c*e) / d; float t = (a*f - b*c) / d; closestPoints[0] = line1.positionOnLine(s); closestPoints[1] = line2.positionOnLine(t); } else { printf("Lines were parallel.\n"); } } I'm using OpenGL to draw three lines that move around the world, the third of which should be the line that most closely connects the other two lines, the two end points of which are calculated using this function. The problem is that the first point of closestPoints after this function is called will lie on line1, but the second point won't lie on line2, let alone at the closest point on line2! I've checked over the function many times but I can't see where the mistake in my implementation is. I've checked my dot product function, scalar multiplication, subtraction, positionOnLine() etc. etc. So my assumption is that the problem is within this method implementation. If it helps to find the answer, this is function supposed to be an implementation of section 5.1.8 from 'Real-Time Collision Detection' by Christer Ericson. Many thanks for any help!

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  • First Person Camera strafing at angle

    - by Linkandzelda
    I have a simple camera class working in directx 11 allowing moving forward and rotating left and right. I'm trying to implement strafing into it but having some problems. The strafing works when there's no camera rotation, so when the camera starts at 0, 0, 0. But after rotating the camera in either direction it seems to strafe at an angle or inverted or just some odd stuff. Here is a video uploaded to Dropbox showing this behavior. https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/2873587/IncorrectStrafing.mp4 And here is my camera class. I have a hunch that it's related to the calculation for camera position. I tried various different calculations in strafe and they all seem to follow the same pattern and same behavior. Also the m_camera_rotation represents the Y rotation, as pitching isn't implemented yet. #include "camera.h" camera::camera(float x, float y, float z, float initial_rotation) { m_x = x; m_y = y; m_z = z; m_camera_rotation = initial_rotation; updateDXZ(); } camera::~camera(void) { } void camera::updateDXZ() { m_dx = sin(m_camera_rotation * (XM_PI/180.0)); m_dz = cos(m_camera_rotation * (XM_PI/180.0)); } void camera::Rotate(float amount) { m_camera_rotation += amount; updateDXZ(); } void camera::Forward(float step) { m_x += step * m_dx; m_z += step * m_dz; } void camera::strafe(float amount) { float yaw = (XM_PI/180.0) * m_camera_rotation; m_x += cosf( yaw ) * amount; m_z += sinf( yaw ) * amount; } XMMATRIX camera::getViewMatrix() { updatePosition(); return XMMatrixLookAtLH(m_position, m_lookat, m_up); } void camera::updatePosition() { m_position = XMVectorSet(m_x, m_y, m_z, 0.0); m_lookat = XMVectorSet(m_x + m_dx, m_y, m_z + m_dz, 0.0); m_up = XMVectorSet(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0); }

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  • Slick2D - Entities and rendering

    - by Zarkopafilis
    I have been trying to create my very first game for quite a while, followed some tutorials and stuff, but I am stuck at creating my entity system. I have made a class that extends the Entity class and here it is: public class Lazer extends Entity{//Just say that it is some sort of bullet private Play p;//Play class(State) private float x; private float y; private int direction; public Lazer(Play p, float x , float y, int direction){ this.p = p; this.x = x; this.y = y; this.direction = direction; p.ent.add(this); } public int getDirection(){ return direction; //this one specifies what value will be increased (x/y) at update } public float getX(){ return x; } public float getY(){ return y; } public void setY(float y){ this.y = y; } public void setX(float x){ this.x = x; } } The class seems pretty good , after speding some hours googling what would be the right thing. Now, on my Play class. I cant figure out how to draw them. (I have added them to an arraylist) On the update method , I update the lazers based on their direction: public void moveLazers(int delta){ for(int i=0;i<ent.size();i++){ Lazer l = ent.get(i); if(l.getDirection() == 1){ l.setX(l.getX() + delta * .1f); }else if(l.getDirection() == 2){ l.setX(l.getX() - delta * .1f); }else if(l.getDirection() == 3){ l.setY(l.getY() + delta * .1f); }else if(l.getDirection() == 4){ l.setY(l.getY() - delta * .1f); } } } Now , I am stuck at the render method. Anyway , is this the correct way of doing this or do I need to change stuff? Also I need to know if collision detection needs to be in the update method. Thanks in advance ~ Teo Ntakouris

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  • XNA shield effect with a Primative sphere problem

    - by Sparky41
    I'm having issue with a shield effect i'm trying to develop. I want to do a shield effect that surrounds part of a model like this: http://i.imgur.com/jPvrf.png I currently got this: http://i.imgur.com/Jdin7.png (The red likes are a simple texture a black background with a red cross in it, for testing purposes: http://i.imgur.com/ODtzk.png where the smaller cross in the middle shows the contact point) This sphere is drawn via a primitive (DrawIndexedPrimitives) This is how i calculate the pieces of the sphere using a class i've called Sphere (this class is based off the code here: http://xbox.create.msdn.com/en-US/education/catalog/sample/primitives_3d) public class Sphere { // During the process of constructing a primitive model, vertex // and index data is stored on the CPU in these managed lists. List vertices = new List(); List indices = new List(); // Once all the geometry has been specified, the InitializePrimitive // method copies the vertex and index data into these buffers, which // store it on the GPU ready for efficient rendering. VertexBuffer vertexBuffer; IndexBuffer indexBuffer; BasicEffect basicEffect; public Vector3 position = Vector3.Zero; public Matrix RotationMatrix = Matrix.Identity; public Texture2D texture; /// <summary> /// Constructs a new sphere primitive, /// with the specified size and tessellation level. /// </summary> public Sphere(float diameter, int tessellation, Texture2D text, float up, float down, float portstar, float frontback) { texture = text; if (tessellation < 3) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("tessellation"); int verticalSegments = tessellation; int horizontalSegments = tessellation * 2; float radius = diameter / 2; // Start with a single vertex at the bottom of the sphere. AddVertex(Vector3.Down * ((radius / up) + 1), Vector3.Down, Vector2.Zero);//bottom position5 // Create rings of vertices at progressively higher latitudes. for (int i = 0; i < verticalSegments - 1; i++) { float latitude = ((i + 1) * MathHelper.Pi / verticalSegments) - MathHelper.PiOver2; float dy = (float)Math.Sin(latitude / up);//(up)5 float dxz = (float)Math.Cos(latitude); // Create a single ring of vertices at this latitude. for (int j = 0; j < horizontalSegments; j++) { float longitude = j * MathHelper.TwoPi / horizontalSegments; float dx = (float)(Math.Cos(longitude) * dxz) / portstar;//port and starboard (right)2 float dz = (float)(Math.Sin(longitude) * dxz) * frontback;//front and back1.4 Vector3 normal = new Vector3(dx, dy, dz); AddVertex(normal * radius, normal, new Vector2(j, i)); } } // Finish with a single vertex at the top of the sphere. AddVertex(Vector3.Up * ((radius / down) + 1), Vector3.Up, Vector2.One);//top position5 // Create a fan connecting the bottom vertex to the bottom latitude ring. for (int i = 0; i < horizontalSegments; i++) { AddIndex(0); AddIndex(1 + (i + 1) % horizontalSegments); AddIndex(1 + i); } // Fill the sphere body with triangles joining each pair of latitude rings. for (int i = 0; i < verticalSegments - 2; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < horizontalSegments; j++) { int nextI = i + 1; int nextJ = (j + 1) % horizontalSegments; AddIndex(1 + i * horizontalSegments + j); AddIndex(1 + i * horizontalSegments + nextJ); AddIndex(1 + nextI * horizontalSegments + j); AddIndex(1 + i * horizontalSegments + nextJ); AddIndex(1 + nextI * horizontalSegments + nextJ); AddIndex(1 + nextI * horizontalSegments + j); } } // Create a fan connecting the top vertex to the top latitude ring. for (int i = 0; i < horizontalSegments; i++) { AddIndex(CurrentVertex - 1); AddIndex(CurrentVertex - 2 - (i + 1) % horizontalSegments); AddIndex(CurrentVertex - 2 - i); } //InitializePrimitive(graphicsDevice); } /// <summary> /// Adds a new vertex to the primitive model. This should only be called /// during the initialization process, before InitializePrimitive. /// </summary> protected void AddVertex(Vector3 position, Vector3 normal, Vector2 texturecoordinate) { vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(position, normal, texturecoordinate)); } /// <summary> /// Adds a new index to the primitive model. This should only be called /// during the initialization process, before InitializePrimitive. /// </summary> protected void AddIndex(int index) { if (index > ushort.MaxValue) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("index"); indices.Add((ushort)index); } /// <summary> /// Queries the index of the current vertex. This starts at /// zero, and increments every time AddVertex is called. /// </summary> protected int CurrentVertex { get { return vertices.Count; } } public void InitializePrimitive(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice) { // Create a vertex declaration, describing the format of our vertex data. // Create a vertex buffer, and copy our vertex data into it. vertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(graphicsDevice, typeof(VertexPositionNormal), vertices.Count, BufferUsage.None); vertexBuffer.SetData(vertices.ToArray()); // Create an index buffer, and copy our index data into it. indexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(graphicsDevice, typeof(ushort), indices.Count, BufferUsage.None); indexBuffer.SetData(indices.ToArray()); // Create a BasicEffect, which will be used to render the primitive. basicEffect = new BasicEffect(graphicsDevice); //basicEffect.EnableDefaultLighting(); } /// <summary> /// Draws the primitive model, using the specified effect. Unlike the other /// Draw overload where you just specify the world/view/projection matrices /// and color, this method does not set any renderstates, so you must make /// sure all states are set to sensible values before you call it. /// </summary> public void Draw(Effect effect) { GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice = effect.GraphicsDevice; // Set our vertex declaration, vertex buffer, and index buffer. graphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(vertexBuffer); graphicsDevice.Indices = indexBuffer; graphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Additive; foreach (EffectPass effectPass in effect.CurrentTechnique.Passes) { effectPass.Apply(); int primitiveCount = indices.Count / 3; graphicsDevice.DrawIndexedPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 0, vertices.Count, 0, primitiveCount); } graphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Opaque; } /// <summary> /// Draws the primitive model, using a BasicEffect shader with default /// lighting. Unlike the other Draw overload where you specify a custom /// effect, this method sets important renderstates to sensible values /// for 3D model rendering, so you do not need to set these states before /// you call it. /// </summary> public void Draw(Camera camera, Color color) { // Set BasicEffect parameters. basicEffect.World = GetWorld(); basicEffect.View = camera.view; basicEffect.Projection = camera.projection; basicEffect.DiffuseColor = color.ToVector3(); basicEffect.TextureEnabled = true; basicEffect.Texture = texture; GraphicsDevice device = basicEffect.GraphicsDevice; device.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.Default; if (color.A < 255) { // Set renderstates for alpha blended rendering. device.BlendState = BlendState.AlphaBlend; } else { // Set renderstates for opaque rendering. device.BlendState = BlendState.Opaque; } // Draw the model, using BasicEffect. Draw(basicEffect); } public virtual Matrix GetWorld() { return /*world */ Matrix.CreateScale(1f) * RotationMatrix * Matrix.CreateTranslation(position); } } public struct VertexPositionNormal : IVertexType { public Vector3 Position; public Vector3 Normal; public Vector2 TextureCoordinate; /// <summary> /// Constructor. /// </summary> public VertexPositionNormal(Vector3 position, Vector3 normal, Vector2 textCoor) { Position = position; Normal = normal; TextureCoordinate = textCoor; } /// <summary> /// A VertexDeclaration object, which contains information about the vertex /// elements contained within this struct. /// </summary> public static readonly VertexDeclaration VertexDeclaration = new VertexDeclaration ( new VertexElement(0, VertexElementFormat.Vector3, VertexElementUsage.Position, 0), new VertexElement(12, VertexElementFormat.Vector3, VertexElementUsage.Normal, 0), new VertexElement(24, VertexElementFormat.Vector2, VertexElementUsage.TextureCoordinate, 0) ); VertexDeclaration IVertexType.VertexDeclaration { get { return VertexPositionNormal.VertexDeclaration; } } } A simple call to the class to initialise it. The Draw method is called in the master draw method in the Gamecomponent. My current thoughts on this are: The direction of the weapon hitting the ship is used to get the middle position for the texture Wrap a texture around the drawn sphere based on this point of contact Problem is i'm not sure how to do this. Can anyone help or if you have a better idea please tell me i'm open for opinion? :-) Thanks.

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  • Implementing Circle Physics in Java

    - by Shijima
    I am working on a simple physics based game where 2 balls bounce off each other. I am following a tutorial, 2-Dimensional Elastic Collisions Without Trigonometry, for the collision reactions. I am using Vector2 from the LIBGDX library to handle vectors. I am a bit confused on how to implement step 6 in Java from the tutorial. Below is my current code, please note that the code strictly follows the tutorial and there are redundant pieces of code which I plan to refactor later. Note: refrences to this refer to ball 1, and ball refers to ball 2. /* * Step 1 * * Find the Normal, Unit Normal and Unit Tangential vectors */ Vector2 n = new Vector2(this.position[0] - ball.position[0], this.position[1] - ball.position[1]); Vector2 un = n.normalize(); Vector2 ut = new Vector2(-un.y, un.x); /* * Step 2 * * Create the initial (before collision) velocity vectors */ Vector2 v1 = this.velocity; Vector2 v2 = ball.velocity; /* * Step 3 * * Resolve the velocity vectors into normal and tangential components */ float v1n = un.dot(v1); float v1t = ut.dot(v1); float v2n = un.dot(v2); float v2t = ut.dot(v2); /* * Step 4 * * Find the new tangential Velocities after collision */ float v1tPrime = v1t; float v2tPrime = v2t; /* * Step 5 * * Find the new normal velocities */ float v1nPrime = v1n * (this.mass - ball.mass) + (2 * ball.mass * v2n) / (this.mass + ball.mass); float v2nPrime = v2n * (ball.mass - this.mass) + (2 * this.mass * v1n) / (this.mass + ball.mass); /* * Step 6 * * Convert the scalar normal and tangential velocities into vectors??? */

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  • 2D Camera Acceleration/Lag

    - by Cyral
    I have a nice camera set up for my 2D xna game. Im wondering how I should make the camera have 'acceleration' or 'lag' so it smoothly follows the player, instead of 'exactly' like mine does now. Im thinking somehow I need to Lerp the values when I set CameraPosition. Heres my code private void ScrollCamera(Viewport viewport) { float ViewMargin = .35f; float marginWidth = viewport.Width * ViewMargin; float marginLeft = cameraPosition.X + marginWidth; float marginRight = cameraPosition.X + viewport.Width - marginWidth; float TopMargin = .3f; float BottomMargin = .1f; float marginTop = cameraPosition.Y + viewport.Height * TopMargin; float marginBottom = cameraPosition.Y + viewport.Height - viewport.Height * BottomMargin; Vector2 CameraMovement; Vector2 maxCameraPosition; CameraMovement.X = 0.0f; if (Player.Position.X < marginLeft) CameraMovement.X = Player.Position.X - marginLeft; else if (Player.Position.X > marginRight) CameraMovement.X = Player.Position.X - marginRight; maxCameraPosition.X = 16 * Width - viewport.Width; cameraPosition.X = MathHelper.Clamp(cameraPosition.X + CameraMovement.X, 0.0f, maxCameraPosition.X); CameraMovement.Y = 0.0f; if (Player.Position.Y < marginTop) //above the top margin CameraMovement.Y = Player.Position.Y - marginTop; else if (Player.Position.Y > marginBottom) //below the bottom margin CameraMovement.Y = Player.Position.Y - marginBottom; maxCameraPosition.Y = 16 * Height - viewport.Height; cameraPosition.Y = MathHelper.Clamp(cameraPosition.Y + CameraMovement.Y, 0.0f, maxCameraPosition.Y); }

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  • snapping an angle to the closest cardinal direction

    - by Josh E
    I'm developing a 2D sprite-based game, and I'm finding that I'm having trouble with making the sprites rotate correctly. In a nutshell, I've got spritesheets for each of 5 directions (the other 3 come from just flipping the sprite horizontally), and I need to clamp the velocity/rotation of the sprite to one of those directions. My sprite class has a pre-computed list of radians corresponding to the cardinal directions like this: protected readonly List<float> CardinalDirections = new List<float> { MathHelper.PiOver4, MathHelper.PiOver2, MathHelper.PiOver2 + MathHelper.PiOver4, MathHelper.Pi, -MathHelper.PiOver4, -MathHelper.PiOver2, -MathHelper.PiOver2 + -MathHelper.PiOver4, -MathHelper.Pi, }; Here's the positional update code: if (velocity == Vector2.Zero) return; var rot = ((float)Math.Atan2(velocity.Y, velocity.X)); TurretRotation = SnapPositionToGrid(rot); var snappedX = (float)Math.Cos(TurretRotation); var snappedY = (float)Math.Sin(TurretRotation); var rotVector = new Vector2(snappedX, snappedY); velocity *= rotVector; //...snip private float SnapPositionToGrid(float rotationToSnap) { if (rotationToSnap == 0) return 0.0f; var targetRotation = CardinalDirections.First(x => (x - rotationToSnap >= -0.01 && x - rotationToSnap <= 0.01)); return (float)Math.Round(targetRotation, 3); } What am I doing wrong here? I know that the SnapPositionToGrid method is far from what it needs to be - the .First(..) call is on purpose so that it throws on no match, but I have no idea how I would go about accomplishing this, and unfortunately, Google hasn't helped too much either. Am I thinking about this the wrong way, or is the answer staring at me in the face?

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  • How to find vector for the quaternion from X Y Z rotations

    - by can poyrazoglu
    I am creating a very simple project on OpenGL and I'm stuck with rotations. I am trying to rotate an object indepentdently in all 3 axes: X, Y, and Z. I've had sleepless nights due to the "gimbal lock" problem after rotating about one axis. I've then learned that quaternions would solve my problem. I've researched about quaternions and implementd it, but I havent't been able to convert my rotations to quaternions. For example, if I want to rotate around Z axis 90 degrees, I just create the {0,0,1} vector for my quaternion and rotate it around that axis 90 degrees using the code here: http://iphonedevelopment.blogspot.com/2009/06/opengl-es-from-ground-up-part-7_04.html (the most complicated matrix towards the bottom) That's ok for one vector, but, say, I first want to rotate 90 degrees around Z, then 90 degrees around X (just as an example). What vector do I need to pass in? How do I calculate that vector. I am not good with matrices and trigonometry (I know the basics and the general rules, but I'm just not a whiz) but I need to get this done. There are LOTS of tutorials about quaternions, but I seem to understand none (or they don't answer my question). I just need to learn to construct the vector for rotations around more than one axis combined. UPDATE: I've found this nice page about quaternions and decided to implement them this way: http://www.cprogramming.com/tutorial/3d/quaternions.html Here is my code for quaternion multiplication: void cube::quatmul(float* q1, float* q2, float* resultRef){ float w = q1[0]*q2[0] - q1[1]*q2[1] - q1[2]*q2[2] - q1[3]*q2[3]; float x = q1[0]*q2[1] + q1[1]*q2[0] + q1[2]*q2[3] - q1[3]*q2[2]; float y = q1[0]*q2[2] - q1[1]*q2[3] + q1[2]*q2[0] + q1[3]*q2[1]; float z = q1[0]*q2[3] + q1[1]*q2[2] - q1[2]*q2[1] + q1[3]*q2[0]; resultRef[0] = w; resultRef[1] = x; resultRef[2] = y; resultRef[3] = z; } Here is my code for applying a quaternion to my modelview matrix (I have a tmodelview variable that is my target modelview matrix): void cube::applyquat(){ float& x = quaternion[1]; float& y = quaternion[2]; float& z = quaternion[3]; float& w = quaternion[0]; float magnitude = sqrtf(w * w + x * x + y * y + z * z); if(magnitude == 0){ x = 1; w = y = z = 0; }else if(magnitude != 1){ x /= magnitude; y /= magnitude; z /= magnitude; w /= magnitude; } tmodelview[0] = 1 - (2 * y * y) - (2 * z * z); tmodelview[1] = 2 * x * y + 2 * w * z; tmodelview[2] = 2 * x * z - 2 * w * y; tmodelview[3] = 0; tmodelview[4] = 2 * x * y - 2 * w * z; tmodelview[5] = 1 - (2 * x * x) - (2 * z * z); tmodelview[6] = 2 * y * z - 2 * w * x; tmodelview[7] = 0; tmodelview[8] = 2 * x * z + 2 * w * y; tmodelview[9] = 2 * y * z + 2 * w * x; tmodelview[10] = 1 - (2 * x * x) - (2 * y * y); tmodelview[11] = 0; glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glPushMatrix(); glLoadMatrixf(tmodelview); glMultMatrixf(modelview); glGetFloatv(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, tmodelview); glPopMatrix(); } And my code for rotation (that I call externally), where quaternion is a class variable of the cube: void cube::rotatex(int angle){ float quat[4]; float ang = angle * PI / 180.0; quat[0] = cosf(ang / 2); quat[1] = sinf(ang/2); quat[2] = 0; quat[3] = 0; quatmul(quat, quaternion, quaternion); applyquat(); } void cube::rotatey(int angle){ float quat[4]; float ang = angle * PI / 180.0; quat[0] = cosf(ang / 2); quat[1] = 0; quat[2] = sinf(ang/2); quat[3] = 0; quatmul(quat, quaternion, quaternion); applyquat(); } void cube::rotatez(int angle){ float quat[4]; float ang = angle * PI / 180.0; quat[0] = cosf(ang / 2); quat[1] = 0; quat[2] = 0; quat[3] = sinf(ang/2); quatmul(quat, quaternion, quaternion); applyquat(); } I call, say rotatex, for 10-11 times for rotating only 1 degree, but my cube gets rotated almost 90 degrees after 10-11 times of 1 degree, which doesn't make sense. Also, after calling rotation functions in different axes, My cube gets skewed, gets 2 dimensional, and disappears (a column in modelview matrix becomes all zeros) irreversibly, which obviously shouldn't be happening with a correct implementation of the quaternions.

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  • Text Decoding Problem

    - by Jason Miesionczek
    So given this input string: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?TEST=2C_This_Is_A_Test_of_Some_Encoding=AE?= And this function: private string DecodeSubject(string input) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); MatchCollection matches = Regex.Matches(inputText.Text, @"=\?(?<encoding>[\S]+)\?.\?(?<data>[\S]+[=]*)\?="); foreach (Match m in matches) { string encoding = m.Groups["encoding"].Value; string data = m.Groups["data"].Value; Encoding enc = Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding.ToLower()); if (enc == Encoding.UTF8) { byte[] d = Convert.FromBase64String(data); sb.Append(Encoding.ASCII.GetString(d)); } else { byte[] bytes = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(data); string decoded = enc.GetString(bytes); sb.Append(decoded); } } return sb.ToString(); } The result is the same as the data extracted from the input string. What am i doing wrong that this text is not getting decoded properly?

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  • Numerically stable(ish) method of getting Y-intercept of mouse position?

    - by Fraser
    I'm trying to unproject the mouse position to get the position on the X-Z plane of a ray cast from the mouse. The camera is fully controllable by the user. Right now, the algorithm I'm using is... Unproject the mouse into the camera to get the ray: Vector3 p1 = Vector3.Unproject(new Vector3(x, y, 0), 0, 0, width, height, nearPlane, farPlane, viewProj; Vector3 p2 = Vector3.Unproject(new Vector3(x, y, 1), 0, 0, width, height, nearPlane, farPlane, viewProj); Vector3 dir = p2 - p1; dir.Normalize(); Ray ray = Ray(p1, dir); Then get the Y-intercept by using algebra: float t = -ray.Position.Y / ray.Direction.Y; Vector3 p = ray.Position + t * ray.Direction; The problem is that the projected position is "jumpy". As I make small adjustments to the mouse position, the projected point moves in strange ways. For example, if I move the mouse one pixel up, it will sometimes move the projected position down, but when I move it a second pixel, the project position will jump back to the mouse's location. The projected location is always close to where it should be, but it does not smoothly follow a moving mouse. The problem intensifies as I zoom the camera out. I believe the problem is caused by numeric instability. I can make minor improvements to this by doing some computations at double precision, and possibly abusing the fact that floating point calculations are done at 80-bit precision on x86, however before I start micro-optimizing this and getting deep into how the CLR handles floating point, I was wondering if there's an algorithmic change I can do to improve this? EDIT: A little snooping around in .NET Reflector on SlimDX.dll: public static Vector3 Unproject(Vector3 vector, float x, float y, float width, float height, float minZ, float maxZ, Matrix worldViewProjection) { Vector3 coordinate = new Vector3(); Matrix result = new Matrix(); Matrix.Invert(ref worldViewProjection, out result); coordinate.X = (float) ((((vector.X - x) / ((double) width)) * 2.0) - 1.0); coordinate.Y = (float) -((((vector.Y - y) / ((double) height)) * 2.0) - 1.0); coordinate.Z = (vector.Z - minZ) / (maxZ - minZ); TransformCoordinate(ref coordinate, ref result, out coordinate); return coordinate; } // ... public static void TransformCoordinate(ref Vector3 coordinate, ref Matrix transformation, out Vector3 result) { Vector3 vector; Vector4 vector2 = new Vector4 { X = (((coordinate.Y * transformation.M21) + (coordinate.X * transformation.M11)) + (coordinate.Z * transformation.M31)) + transformation.M41, Y = (((coordinate.Y * transformation.M22) + (coordinate.X * transformation.M12)) + (coordinate.Z * transformation.M32)) + transformation.M42, Z = (((coordinate.Y * transformation.M23) + (coordinate.X * transformation.M13)) + (coordinate.Z * transformation.M33)) + transformation.M43 }; float num = (float) (1.0 / ((((transformation.M24 * coordinate.Y) + (transformation.M14 * coordinate.X)) + (coordinate.Z * transformation.M34)) + transformation.M44)); vector2.W = num; vector.X = vector2.X * num; vector.Y = vector2.Y * num; vector.Z = vector2.Z * num; result = vector; } ...which seems to be a pretty standard method of unprojecting a point from a projection matrix, however this serves to introduce another point of possible instability. Still, I'd like to stick with the SlimDX Unproject routine rather than writing my own unless it's really necessary.

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  • Help understand GLSL directional light on iOS (left handed coord system)

    - by Robse
    I now have changed from GLKBaseEffect to a own shader implementation. I have a shader management, which compiles and applies a shader to the right time and does some shader setup like lights. Please have a look at my vertex shader code. Now, light direction should be provided in eye space, but I think there is something I don't get right. After I setup my view with camera I save a lightMatrix to transform the light from global space to eye space. My modelview and projection setup: - (void)setupViewWithWidth:(int)width height:(int)height camera:(N3DCamera *)aCamera { aCamera.aspect = (float)width / (float)height; float aspect = aCamera.aspect; float far = aCamera.far; float near = aCamera.near; float vFOV = aCamera.fieldOfView; float top = near * tanf(M_PI * vFOV / 360.0f); float bottom = -top; float right = aspect * top; float left = -right; // projection GLKMatrixStackLoadMatrix4(projectionStack, GLKMatrix4MakeFrustum(left, right, bottom, top, near, far)); // identity modelview GLKMatrixStackLoadMatrix4(modelviewStack, GLKMatrix4Identity); // switch to left handed coord system (forward = z+) GLKMatrixStackMultiplyMatrix4(modelviewStack, GLKMatrix4MakeScale(1, 1, -1)); // transform camera GLKMatrixStackMultiplyMatrix4(modelviewStack, GLKMatrix4MakeWithMatrix3(GLKMatrix3Transpose(aCamera.orientation))); GLKMatrixStackTranslate(modelviewStack, -aCamera.position.x, -aCamera.position.y, -aCamera.position.z); } - (GLKMatrix4)modelviewMatrix { return GLKMatrixStackGetMatrix4(modelviewStack); } - (GLKMatrix4)projectionMatrix { return GLKMatrixStackGetMatrix4(projectionStack); } - (GLKMatrix4)modelviewProjectionMatrix { return GLKMatrix4Multiply([self projectionMatrix], [self modelviewMatrix]); } - (GLKMatrix3)normalMatrix { return GLKMatrix3InvertAndTranspose(GLKMatrix4GetMatrix3([self modelviewProjectionMatrix]), NULL); } After that, I save the lightMatrix like this: [self.renderer setupViewWithWidth:view.drawableWidth height:view.drawableHeight camera:self.camera]; self.lightMatrix = [self.renderer modelviewProjectionMatrix]; And just before I render a 3d entity of the scene graph, I setup the light config for its shader with the lightMatrix like this: - (N3DLight)transformedLight:(N3DLight)light transformation:(GLKMatrix4)matrix { N3DLight transformedLight = N3DLightMakeDisabled(); if (N3DLightIsDirectional(light)) { GLKVector3 direction = GLKVector3MakeWithArray(GLKMatrix4MultiplyVector4(matrix, light.position).v); direction = GLKVector3Negate(direction); // HACK -> TODO: get lightMatrix right! transformedLight = N3DLightMakeDirectional(direction, light.diffuse, light.specular); } else { ... } return transformedLight; } You see the line, where I negate the direction!? I can't explain why I need to do that, but if I do, the lights are correct as far as I can tell. Please help me, to get rid of the hack. I'am scared that this has something to do, with my switch to left handed coord system. My vertex shader looks like this: attribute highp vec4 inPosition; attribute lowp vec4 inNormal; ... uniform highp mat4 MVP; uniform highp mat4 MV; uniform lowp mat3 N; uniform lowp vec4 constantColor; uniform lowp vec4 ambient; uniform lowp vec4 light0Position; uniform lowp vec4 light0Diffuse; uniform lowp vec4 light0Specular; varying lowp vec4 vColor; varying lowp vec3 vTexCoord0; vec4 calcDirectional(vec3 dir, vec4 diffuse, vec4 specular, vec3 normal) { float NdotL = max(dot(normal, dir), 0.0); return NdotL * diffuse; } ... vec4 calcLight(vec4 pos, vec4 diffuse, vec4 specular, vec3 normal) { if (pos.w == 0.0) { // Directional Light return calcDirectional(normalize(pos.xyz), diffuse, specular, normal); } else { ... } } void main(void) { // position highp vec4 position = MVP * inPosition; gl_Position = position; // normal lowp vec3 normal = inNormal.xyz / inNormal.w; normal = N * normal; normal = normalize(normal); // colors vColor = constantColor * ambient; // add lights vColor += calcLight(light0Position, light0Diffuse, light0Specular, normal); ... }

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  • can php read node of float number? [on hold]

    - by Suriani Salleh
    my node number is 1.2.3.4 $node= 1.2.3.4 when i run my code as shown below, it print error message but when i try assign $node = abc_def it execute the function code my question is can php read 1.2.3.4? if(!get_node_id($node) === false){ //function code .................................. ..............................} else { // error msg }

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  • NO such file or directory for the files -----stdarg.h and float.h ?

    - by balraj
    HI all I am using some files on .mm extension in the xcode project for compiling these files we have added the LLVM-GCC 4.2 in the build setting after adding this compiler this showing the error /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/SDKs/iPhoneSimulator3.1.sdk/usr/include/stdarg.h:4:25: error: stdarg.h: No such file or directory /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/SDKs/iPhoneSimulator3.1.sdk/usr/include/float.h:8:24: error: float.h: No such file or directory i have no idea how to remove this error any help to remove this error. thanks Balraj

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  • Is single float assignment an atomic operation on the iPhone?

    - by iter
    I assume that on a 32-bit device like the iPhone, assigning a short float is an atomic, thread-safe operation. I want to make sure it is. I have a C function that I want to call from an Objective-C thread, and I don't want to acquire a lock before calling it: void setFloatValue(float value) { globalFloat = value; }

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  • Win32: What is the status of chunked encoding support in WinHttpReadData?

    - by Cheeso
    The documentation for WinHttpReadData says, regarding HTTP's chunked transfer coding: Starting in Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008, WinHttp enables applications to perform chunked transfer encoding on data sent to the server. When the Transfer-Encoding header is present on the WinHttp response, WinHttpReadData strips the chunking information before giving the data to the application. Can anyone decipher this? Q1 First, this text is on the page for WinHttpReadData, which is used to ... read data within an HTTP client application, specifically the response data. So what does it mean when it says Starting in Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008, WinHttp enables applications to perform chunked transfer encoding on data sent to the server. The WinHttpReadData function isn't used with data being sent to the server. It is used when reading data from the server. Consulting the doc for the WinHttpWriteData function, which is used to send data to the server as part of an HTTP request, there is no mention of the chunked transfer capability. Q2 Supposing that I figure out just what the newish chunked transfer support amounts to, how do I get that support? It says that it is new on Vista and WS2008. What happens if I write an app that runs on WS2003, and uses WinHttpReadData and it encounters a chunked response, or WinHttpWriteData, and it wants to send a chunked request? Between the lines, is this documentation saying that I need to link against the Vista-era Windows SDK, or later, in order to get the capability to do chunked encoding? Or is it really impossible on WS2003?, in other words it is the case that the app doing chunked transfer using this library must run on the OS specified? This might read like a rant, but it's not. I truly want to know.

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  • Base 128 or 256 Encoding for the Binary Lexical Octet Adhoc Transport Protocol?

    - by Randolpho
    I'm in the process of implementing a network driver for the Binary Lexical Octet Adhoc Transport (BLOAT) protocols in the hopes of replacing the TCP/UDP/IP stack with a much more flexible XML structure. BLOAT is detailed in RFC 3252, so if you're unfamiliar with the protocol I highly recommend you read the entire RFC before providing any comments. Don't worry, it's short and sweet; you might even enjoy it. Anyway, my problem is this: BLOAT requires that the payload be Base64 encoded which doesn't make sense to me. I mean, sure, it's the internet standard for binary payloads, but there are better, more efficient encodings available: Base128 and Base256, for example. That the RFC requires Base64 and doesn't allow for any other payload encoding really bothers me. To that end, I'm considering a small optional change to the protocol. Embrace and extend, right? Anyway, I'd like to modify the payload element to accept an encoding attribute, which can extend the encoding to Base128 or Base256, or even to other encodings I can't conceive of at the moment. If the encoding attribute isn't present, Base64 would be assumed. So my question is this: should I? I mean, BLOAT is an accepted standard, even if it isn't exactly omnipresent. If I make this change, will there be compatibility issues? I don't foresee any, but perhaps you, oh great Stack Overflow Community, can? If I do implement this change, should I contact the original RFC author? Should I offer a supplemental RFC?

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  • Why is no encoding set in reponse by tomcat? How can I deal with it?

    - by Dishayloo
    I had recently a problem with encoding of websites generated by servlet, that occured if the servlets were deployed under tomcat, but not under jetty. I did a little bit of research about it and simplified the problem to the following servlet: public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet implements Servlet { @Override public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException { response.setContentType("text/plain"); Writer output = response.getWriter(); output.write("öäüÖÄÜß"); output.flush(); output.close(); } } If I deploy this under Jetty and direct the browser to it, it returns the expected result. The data is returned as ISO-8859-1 and if I take a look into the headers, then Jetty returns: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 The browser detects the encoding from this header. If I deploy the same servlet in a tomcat, the browser shows up strange characters. But Tomcat also returns the data as ISO-8859-1, the difference is, that no header tells about it. So the browser has to guess the encoding, and that goes wrong. My question is, is that behaviour of tomcat correct or a bug? And if it is correct, how can I avoid this problem? Sure, I can always add response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); to the servlet, but that means I set a fixed encoding, that the browser might or might not understand. The problem is more relevant, if no browser but another service accesses the servlet. So how I should deal with the problem in the most flexible way?

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  • Struct Method for Loops Problem

    - by Annalyne
    I have tried numerous times how to make a do-while loop using the float constructor for my code but it seems it does not work properly as I wanted. For summary, I am making a TBRPG in C++ and I encountered few problems. But before that, let me post my code. #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <ctime> #include <cstdlib> using namespace std; int char_level = 1; //the starting level of the character. string town; //town string town_name; //the name of the town the character is in. string charname; //holds the character's name upon the start of the game int gems = 0; //holds the value of the games the character has. const int MAX_ITEMS = 15; //max items the character can carry string inventory [MAX_ITEMS]; //the inventory of the character in game int itemnum = 0; //number of items that the character has. bool GameOver = false; //boolean intended for the game over scr. string monsterTroop [] = {"Slime", "Zombie", "Imp", "Sahaguin, Hounds, Vampire"}; //monster name float monsterTroopHealth [] = {5.0f, 10.0f, 15.0f, 20.0f, 25.0f}; // the health of the monsters int monLifeBox; //life carrier of the game's enemy troops int enemNumber; //enemy number //inventory[itemnum++] = "Sword"; class RPG_Game_Enemy { public: void enemyAppear () { srand(time(0)); enemNumber = 1+(rand()%3); if (enemNumber == 1) cout << monsterTroop[1]; //monster troop 1 else if (enemNumber == 2) cout << monsterTroop[2]; //monster troop 2 else if (enemNumber == 3) cout << monsterTroop[3]; //monster troop 3 else if (enemNumber == 4) cout << monsterTroop[4]; //monster troop 4 } void enemDefeat () { cout << "The foe has been defeated. You are victorious." << endl; } void enemyDies() { //if the enemy dies: //collapse declaration cout << "The foe vanished and you are victorious!" << endl; } }; class RPG_Scene_Battle { public: RPG_Scene_Battle(float ini_health) : health (ini_health){}; float getHealth() { return health; } void setHealth(float rpg_val){ health = rpg_val;}; private: float health; }; //---------------------------------------------------------------// // Conduct Damage for the Scene Battle's Damage //---------------------------------------------------------------// float conductDamage(RPG_Scene_Battle rpg_tr, float damage) { rpg_tr.setHealth(rpg_tr.getHealth() - damage); return rpg_tr.getHealth(); }; // ------------------------------------------------------------- // void RPG_Scene_DisplayItem () { cout << "Items: \n"; for (int i=0; i < itemnum; ++i) cout << inventory[i] <<endl; }; In this code I have so far, the problem I have is the battle scene. For example, the player battles a Ghost with 10 HP, when I use a do while loop to subtract the HP of the character and the enemy, it only deducts once in the do while. Some people said I should use a struct, but I have no idea how to make it. Is there a way someone can display a code how to implement it on my game? Edit: I made the do-while by far like this: do RPG_Scene_Battle (player, 20.0f); RPG_Scene_Battle (enemy, 10.0f); cout << "Battle starts!" <<endl; cout << "You used a blade skill and deducted 2 hit points to the enemy!" conductDamage (enemy, 2.0f); while (enemy!=0) also, I made something like this: #include <iostream> using namespace std; int gems = 0; class Entity { public: Entity(float startingHealth) : health(startingHealth){}; // initialize health float getHealth(){return health;} void setHealth(float value){ health = value;}; private: float health; }; float subtractHealthFrom(Entity& ent, float damage) { ent.setHealth(ent.getHealth() - damage); return ent.getHealth(); }; int main () { Entity character(10.0f); Entity enemy(10.0f); cout << "Hero Life: "; cout << subtractHealthFrom(character, 2.0f) <<endl; cout << "Monster Life: "; cout << subtractHealthFrom(enemy, 2.0f) <<endl; cout << "Hero Life: "; cout << subtractHealthFrom(character, 2.0f) <<endl; cout << "Monster Life: "; cout << subtractHealthFrom(enemy, 2.0f) <<endl; }; Struct method, they say, should solve this problem. How can I continously deduct hp from the enemy? Whenever I deduct something, it would return to its original value -_-

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  • graph with database

    - by Flip_novidade
    I need to make two graphs with data coming from the database. I do not know where I am going wrong. If someone can show me the correct way, or provide any examples. must be two graphs, a graph of a specific student another graph of all students thank you public class NotasBean { private Notas notas; private Notas selectedNotas; private List<Notas> filtroNotass; public Notas getNotas() { return notas; } public void setNotas(Notas notas) { this.notas = notas; } public Notas getSelectedNotas() { return selectedNotas; } public void setSelectedNotas(Notas selectedNotas) { this.selectedNotas = selectedNotas; } public List<Notas> getFiltroNotass() { return filtroNotass; } public void setFiltroNotass(List<Notas> filtroNotass) { this.filtroNotass = filtroNotass; } public void prepararAdicionarNotas(){ notas = new Notas(); } public void adicionarNotas(){ dao.NotasDao obj_dao = new dao.NotasDao(); obj_dao.save(notas); } } package dao; import java.sql.PreparedStatement; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.Statement; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import javax.faces.application.FacesMessage; import javax.faces.context.FacesContext; import model.Aluno; import model.Notas; import model.Notas; public class NotasDao { private Conexao obj_conexao; public NotasDao() { obj_conexao = new Conexao(); } public List<Notas> list() { List<Notas> array_registros = new ArrayList<Notas>(); try { String sql = "Select alu_in_ra, dis_st_sigla, ald_fl_p1, ald_fl_p2, ald_fl_p3, ald_fl_trab1, ald_fl_trab2 from cad_aluno_disciplina"; Statement comando_sql = (Statement) obj_conexao.getConexao() .createStatement(); ResultSet obj_result = comando_sql.executeQuery(sql); while (obj_result.next()) { Notas obj_notas = new Notas(); obj_notas.setAlura(obj_result.getInt("alu_in_ra")); obj_notas.setDiscsigla(obj_result.getString("dis_st_sigla")); obj_notas.setP1(obj_result.getInt("ald_fl_p1")); obj_notas.setP2(obj_result.getInt("ald_fl_p2")); obj_notas.setP3(obj_result.getInt("ald_fl_p3")); obj_notas.setTrb1(obj_result.getInt("ald_fl_trab1")); obj_notas.setTrb2(obj_result.getInt("ald_fl_trab2")); array_registros.add(obj_notas); } } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("Erro no select" + e.getMessage()); } finally { obj_conexao.fecharConexao(); } return array_registros; } public void select(Aluno obj_aluno){ FacesContext mensagem = FacesContext.getCurrentInstance(); try{ String comando_sql = "Select alu_in_ra, dis_st_sigla, ald_fl_p1, ald_fl_p2, ald_fl_p3, ald_fl_trab1, ald_fl_trab2 from cad_aluno_disciplina where alu_in_ra=?"; PreparedStatement obj_sql = (PreparedStatement) obj_conexao.getConexao().prepareStatement(comando_sql); obj_sql.setInt(1, obj_aluno.getRa()); obj_sql.executeUpdate(); mensagem.addMessage(null, new FacesMessage(FacesMessage.SEVERITY_WARN, "Erro ao selecionar aluno!","Snif")); }catch(Exception e){ mensagem.addMessage(null, new FacesMessage(FacesMessage.SEVERITY_FATAL, "Erro na inclusão: "+e.getMessage()," Ocoreu o erro: "+e.getMessage())); }finally{ obj_conexao.fecharConexao(); } return; } }//fecha a classe package model; import java.io.Serializable; public class Notas implements Serializable{ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private int alura; private String discsigla; private float p1; private float p2; private float p3; private float trb1; private float trb2; public Notas() { } public Notas (int alura, String discsigla, float p1, float p2, float p3, float trb1, float trb2){ super(); this.alura=alura; this.discsigla=discsigla; this.p1=p1; this.p2=p2; this.p3=p3; this.trb1=trb1; this.trb2=trb2; } public int getAlura() { return alura; } public void setAlura(int alura) { this.alura = alura; } public String getDiscsigla() { return discsigla; } public void setDiscsigla(String discsigla) { this.discsigla = discsigla; } public float getP1() { return p1; } public void setP1(float p1) { this.p1 = p1; } public float getP2() { return p2; } public void setP2(float p2) { this.p2 = p2; } public float getP3() { return p3; } public void setP3(float p3) { this.p3 = p3; } public float getTrb1() { return trb1; } public void setTrb1(float trb1) { this.trb1 = trb1; } public float getTrb2() { return trb2; } public void setTrb2(float trb2) { this.trb2 = trb2; } } <p:panel header="Grafico Notas Aluno" style="width: 550px"> <p:lineChart id="linear" value="#{notasDao.aluno.alura}" var="notas" xfield="#{notas.alura}" height="300px" width="500px" style="chartStyle"> <p:chartSeries label="Prova 1" value="#{notas.p1}" /> <p:chartSeries label="Prova 2" value="#{notas.p2}" /> <p:chartSeries label="Prova 3" value="#{notas.p3}" /> <p:chartSeries label="Trabalho 1" value="#{notas.trb1}" /> <p:chartSeries label="Trabalho 2" value="#{notas.trb2}" /> </p:lineChart> </p:panel> <p:panel header="Grafico Notas" style="width: 550px"> <p:lineChart id="linear" value="#{notasDao.natas}" var="notas" xfield="#{notas.p1}" height="300px" width="500px" style="chartStyle"> <p:chartSeries label="Prova 1" value="#{notas.p1}" /> <p:chartSeries label="Prova 2" value="#{notas.p2}" /> <p:chartSeries label="Prova 3" value="#{notas.p3}" /> <p:chartSeries label="Trabalho 1" value="#{notas.trb1}" /> <p:chartSeries label="Trabalho 2" value="#{notas.trb2}" /> </p:lineChart> </p:panel>

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  • LWJGL Voxel game, glDrawArrays

    - by user22015
    I've been learning about 3D for a couple days now. I managed to create a chunk (8x8x8). Add optimization so it only renders the active and visible blocks. Then I added so it only draws the faces which don't have a neighbor. Next what I found from online research was that it is better to use glDrawArrays to increase performance. So I restarted my little project. Render an entire chunck, add optimization so it only renders active and visible blocks. But now I want to add so it only draws the visible faces while using glDrawArrays. This is giving me some trouble with calling glDrawArrays because I'm passing a wrong count parameter. > # A fatal error has been detected by the Java Runtime Environment: > # > # EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION (0xc0000005) at pc=0x0000000006e31a03, pid=1032, tid=3184 > # Stack: [0x00000000023a0000,0x00000000024a0000], sp=0x000000000249ef70, free space=1019k Native frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code, C=native code) C [ig4icd64.dll+0xa1a03] Java frames: (J=compiled Java code, j=interpreted, Vv=VM code) j org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.nglDrawArrays(IIIJ)V+0 j org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glDrawArrays(III)V+20 j com.vox.block.Chunk.render()V+410 j com.vox.ChunkManager.render()V+30 j com.vox.Game.render()V+11 j com.vox.GameHandler.render()V+12 j com.vox.GameHandler.gameLoop()V+15 j com.vox.Main.main([Ljava/lang/StringV+13 v ~StubRoutines::call_stub public class Chunk { public final static int[] DIM = { 8, 8, 8}; public final static int CHUNK_SIZE = (DIM[0] * DIM[1] * DIM[2]); Block[][][] blocks; private int index; private int vBOVertexHandle; private int vBOColorHandle; public Chunk(int index) { this.index = index; vBOColorHandle = GL15.glGenBuffers(); vBOVertexHandle = GL15.glGenBuffers(); blocks = new Block[DIM[0]][DIM[1]][DIM[2]]; for(int x = 0; x < DIM[0]; x++){ for(int y = 0; y < DIM[1]; y++){ for(int z = 0; z < DIM[2]; z++){ blocks[x][y][z] = new Block(); } } } } public void render(){ Block curr; FloatBuffer vertexPositionData2 = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(CHUNK_SIZE * 6 * 12); FloatBuffer vertexColorData2 = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(CHUNK_SIZE * 6 * 12); int counter = 0; for(int x = 0; x < DIM[0]; x++){ for(int y = 0; y < DIM[1]; y++){ for(int z = 0; z < DIM[2]; z++){ curr = blocks[x][y][z]; boolean[] neightbours = validateNeightbours(x, y, z); if(curr.isActive() && !neightbours[6]) { float[] arr = curr.createCube((index*DIM[0]*Block.BLOCK_SIZE*2) + x*2, y*2, z*2, neightbours); counter += arr.length; vertexPositionData2.put(arr); vertexColorData2.put(createCubeVertexCol(curr.getCubeColor())); } } } } vertexPositionData2.flip(); vertexPositionData2.flip(); FloatBuffer vertexPositionData = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(vertexColorData2.position()); FloatBuffer vertexColorData = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(vertexColorData2.position()); for(int i = 0; i < vertexPositionData2.position(); i++) vertexPositionData.put(vertexPositionData2.get(i)); for(int i = 0; i < vertexColorData2.position(); i++) vertexColorData.put(vertexColorData2.get(i)); vertexColorData.flip(); vertexPositionData.flip(); GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vBOVertexHandle); GL15.glBufferData(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexPositionData, GL15.GL_STATIC_DRAW); GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vBOColorHandle); GL15.glBufferData(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexColorData, GL15.GL_STATIC_DRAW); GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); GL11.glPushMatrix(); GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vBOVertexHandle); GL11.glVertexPointer(3, GL11.GL_FLOAT, 0, 0L); GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vBOColorHandle); GL11.glColorPointer(3, GL11.GL_FLOAT, 0, 0L); System.out.println("Counter " + counter); GL11.glDrawArrays(GL11.GL_LINE_LOOP, 0, counter); GL11.glPopMatrix(); //blocks[r.nextInt(DIM[0])][2][r.nextInt(DIM[2])].setActive(false); } //Random r = new Random(); private float[] createCubeVertexCol(float[] CubeColorArray) { float[] cubeColors = new float[CubeColorArray.length * 4 * 6]; for (int i = 0; i < cubeColors.length; i++) { cubeColors[i] = CubeColorArray[i % CubeColorArray.length]; } return cubeColors; } private boolean[] validateNeightbours(int x, int y, int z) { boolean[] bools = new boolean[7]; bools[6] = true; bools[6] = bools[6] && (bools[0] = y > 0 && y < DIM[1]-1 && blocks[x][y+1][z].isActive());//top bools[6] = bools[6] && (bools[1] = y > 0 && y < DIM[1]-1 && blocks[x][y-1][z].isActive());//bottom bools[6] = bools[6] && (bools[2] = z > 0 && z < DIM[2]-1 && blocks[x][y][z+1].isActive());//front bools[6] = bools[6] && (bools[3] = z > 0 && z < DIM[2]-1 && blocks[x][y][z-1].isActive());//back bools[6] = bools[6] && (bools[4] = x > 0 && x < DIM[0]-1 && blocks[x+1][y][z].isActive());//left bools[6] = bools[6] && (bools[5] = x > 0 && x < DIM[0]-1 && blocks[x-1][y][z].isActive());//right return bools; } } public class Block { public static final float BLOCK_SIZE = 1f; public enum BlockType { Default(0), Grass(1), Dirt(2), Water(3), Stone(4), Wood(5), Sand(6), LAVA(7); int BlockID; BlockType(int i) { BlockID=i; } } private boolean active; private BlockType type; public Block() { this(BlockType.Default); } public Block(BlockType type){ active = true; this.type = type; } public float[] getCubeColor() { switch (type.BlockID) { case 1: return new float[] { 1, 1, 0 }; case 2: return new float[] { 1, 0.5f, 0 }; case 3: return new float[] { 0, 0f, 1f }; default: return new float[] {0.5f, 0.5f, 1f}; } } public float[] createCube(float x, float y, float z, boolean[] neightbours){ int counter = 0; for(boolean b : neightbours) if(!b) counter++; float[] array = new float[counter*12]; int offset = 0; if(!neightbours[0]){//top array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; } if(!neightbours[1]){//bottom array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; } if(!neightbours[2]){//front array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; } if(!neightbours[3]){//back array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; } if(!neightbours[4]){//left array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; } if(!neightbours[5]){//right array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = x*BLOCK_SIZE + BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = y*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; array[offset++] = z*BLOCK_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE; } return Arrays.copyOf(array, offset); } public boolean isActive() { return active; } public void setActive(boolean active) { this.active = active; } public BlockType getType() { return type; } public void setType(BlockType type) { this.type = type; } } I highlighted the code I'm concerned about in this following screenshot: - http://imageshack.us/a/img820/7606/18626782.png - (Not allowed to upload images yet) I know the code is a mess but I'm just testing stuff so I wasn't really thinking about it.

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  • How do I set the encoding statement in the XML declaration when performing an XSL transformation usi

    - by aspiehler
    I wrote a simple package installer in WinBatch that needs to update an XML file with information about the package contents. My first stab at it involved loading the file with Msxml2.DOMDocument, adding nodes and data as required, then saving the data back to disk. This worked well enough, except that it would not create tab and CR/LF whitespace in the new data. The solution I came up with was writing an XSL stylesheet that would recreate the XML file with whitespace added back in. I'm doing this by: loading the XSL file into an Msxml2.FreeThreadedDOMDocument object setting that object as the stylesheet property of an Msxml2.XSLTemplate object creating an XSL processor via Msxml2.XSLTemplate.createProcessor() setting my original Msxml2.DOMDocument as the input property of the XSL processor Calling transform() method of the XSL processor, and saving the output to a file. This works as for as reformatting the XML file with tabs and carriage returns, but my XML declaration comes out either as <?xml version="1.0"?> or <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-16"?> depending on whether I used Msxml2.*.6.0 or Msxml2.* objects (a fall back if the system doesn't have 6.0). If the encoding is set to UTF-16, Msxml12.DOMDocument complains about trying to convert UTF-16 to 1-byte encoding the next time I run my package installer. I've tried creating and adding an XML declaration using both createProcessingInstruction() to both the XML and XSL DOM objects, but neither one seems to affect the output of the XSLTemplate processor. I've also set encoding to UTF-8 in the <xsl:output/> tag in my XSL file. Here is the relevant code in my Winbatch script: xmlDoc = ObjectCreate("Msxml2.DOMDocument.6.0") if !xmlDoc then xmlDoc = ObjectCreate("Msxml2.DOMDocument") xmlDoc.async = @FALSE xmlDoc.validateOnParse = @TRUE xmlDoc.resolveExternals = @TRUE xmlDoc.preserveWhiteSpace = @TRUE xmlDoc.setProperty("SelectionLanguge", "XPath") xmlDoc.setProperty("SelectionNamespaces", "xmlns:fns='http://www.abc.com/f_namespace'") xmlDoc.load(xml_file_path) xslStyleSheet = ObjectCreate("Msxml2.FreeThreadedDOMDocument.6.0") if !xslStyleSheet then xslStyleSheet = ObjectCreate("Msxml2.FreeThreadedDOMDocument") xslStyleSheet.async = @FALSE xslStyleSheet.validateOnParse = @TRUE xslStyleSheet.load(xsl_style_sheet_path) xslTemplate = ObjectCreate("Msxml2.XSLTemplate.6.0") if !xslTemplate then xslTemplate = ObjectCreate("Msxml2.XSLTemplate") xslTemplate.stylesheet = xslStyleSheet processor = xslTemplate.createProcessor() processor.input = xmlDoc processor.transform() ; create a new file and write the XML processor output to it fh = FileOpen(output_file_path, "WRITE" , @FALSE) FileWrite(fh, processor.output) FileClose(fh) The style sheet, with some slight changes to protect the innocent: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.1"> <xsl:output method="xml" indent="yes" encoding="UTF-8"/> <xsl:template match="/"> <fns:test_station xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:fns="http://www.abc.com/f_namespace"> <xsl:for-each select="/fns:test_station/identification"> <xsl:text>&#x0A; </xsl:text> <identification> <xsl:for-each select="./*"> <xsl:text>&#x0A; </xsl:text> <xsl:copy-of select="."/> </xsl:for-each> <xsl:text>&#x0A; </xsl:text> </identification> </xsl:for-each> <xsl:for-each select="/fns:test_station/software"> <xsl:text>&#x0A; </xsl:text> <software> <xsl:for-each select="./package"> <xsl:text>&#x0A; </xsl:text> <package> <xsl:for-each select="./*"> <xsl:text>&#x0A; </xsl:text> <xsl:copy-of select="."/> </xsl:for-each> <xsl:text>&#x0A; </xsl:text> </package> </xsl:for-each> <xsl:text>&#x0A; </xsl:text> </software> </xsl:for-each> <xsl:for-each select="/fns:test_station/calibration"> <xsl:text>&#x0A; </xsl:text> <calibration> <xsl:for-each select="./item"> <xsl:text>&#x0A; </xsl:text> <item> <xsl:for-each select="./*"> <xsl:text>&#x0A; </xsl:text> <xsl:copy-of select="."/> </xsl:for-each> <xsl:text>&#x0A; </xsl:text> </item> </xsl:for-each> <xsl:text>&#x0A; </xsl:text> </calibration> </xsl:for-each> </fns:test_station> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> And this is a sample output file: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-16"?> <fns:test_station xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:fns="http://www.abc.com/f_namespace"> <software> <package> <part_number>123456789</part_number> <version>00</version> <test_category>1</test_category> <description>name of software package</description> <execution_path>c:\program files\test\test.exe</execution_path> <execution_arguments>arguments</execution_arguments> <crc_path>c:\ste_config\crc\123456789.lst</crc_path> <uninstall_path>c:\ste_config\uninstall\uninst_123456789.bat</uninstall_path> <install_timestamp>2009-11-09T14:00:44</install_timestamp> </package> </software> </fns:test_station>

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  • set static member pointer variables

    - by Chris
    I'm trying to set a static pointer variable in a class but I'm getting these errors for each variable I try to set. error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int error C2040: 'xscroll' : 'int' differs in levels of indirection from 'float *' error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'float **' to 'int' Here is the code Enemy.h #include <windows.h> #include "Player.h" class Enemy { public: Enemy(float xPos, float yPos); Enemy(void); ~Enemy(void); //update the position of the user controlled object. void updatePosition(float timeFactor); //loads all the enemy textures void static loadTextures(); //creates a set number of enemies void static createEnemies(int numEnemies, Enemy * enemyArray); GLuint static enemyTex; static float * xscroll; static float * yscroll; static Player * player; private: bool checkCollison(float x, float y, int radius); float XPos; float YPos; }; trying to set variables Enemy::xscroll = &xscroll; Enemy::yscroll = &yscroll; Enemy::player = &player;

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