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  • SQL SERVER – Get File Statistics Using fn_virtualfilestats

    - by pinaldave
    Quite often when I am staring at my SSMS I wonder what is going on under the hood in my SQL Server. I often want to know which database is very busy and which database is bit slow because of IO issue. Sometime, I think at the file level as well. I want to know which MDF or NDF is busiest and doing most of the work. Following query gets the same results very quickly. SELECT DB_NAME(vfs.DbId) DatabaseName, mf.name, mf.physical_name, vfs.BytesRead, vfs.BytesWritten, vfs.IoStallMS, vfs.IoStallReadMS, vfs.IoStallWriteMS, vfs.NumberReads, vfs.NumberWrites, (Size*8)/1024 Size_MB FROM ::fn_virtualfilestats(NULL,NULL) vfs INNER JOIN sys.master_files mf ON mf.database_id = vfs.DbId AND mf.FILE_ID = vfs.FileId GO When you run above query you will get many valuable information like what is the size of the file as well how many times the reads and writes are done for each file. It also displays the read/write data in bytes. Due to IO if there has been any stall (delay) in read or write, you can know that as well. I keep this handy but have not shared on blog earlier. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQL View, T SQL, Technology Tagged: Statistics

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  • SQL SERVER – DATEDIFF – Accuracy of Various Dateparts

    - by pinaldave
    I recently received the following question through email and I found it very interesting so I want to share it with you. “Hi Pinal, In SQL statement below the time difference between two given dates is 3 sec, but when checked in terms of Min it says 1 Min (whereas the actual min is 0.05Min) SELECT DATEDIFF(MI,'2011-10-14 02:18:58' , '2011-10-14 02:19:01') AS MIN_DIFF Is this is a BUG in SQL Server ?” Answer is NO. It is not a bug; it is a feature that works like that. Let us understand that in a bit more detail. When you instruct SQL Server to find the time difference in minutes, it just looks at the minute section only and completely ignores hour, second, millisecond, etc. So in terms of difference in minutes, it is indeed 1. The following will also clear how DATEDIFF works: SELECT DATEDIFF(YEAR,'2011-12-31 23:59:59' , '2012-01-01 00:00:00') AS YEAR_DIFF The difference between the above dates is just 1 second, but in terms of year difference it shows 1. If you want to have accuracy in seconds, you need to use a different approach. In the first example, the accurate method is to find the number of seconds first and then divide it by 60 to convert it to minutes. SELECT DATEDIFF(second,'2011-10-14 02:18:58' , '2011-10-14 02:19:01')/60.0 AS MIN_DIFF Even though the concept is very simple it is always a good idea to refresh it. Please share your related experience with me through your comments. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL DateTime, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – Copy Column Headers from Resultset – SQL in Sixty Seconds #026 – Video

    - by pinaldave
    SQL Server Management Studio returns results in Grid View, Text View and to the file. When we copy results from Grid View to Excel there is a common complaint that the column  header displayed in resultset is not copied to the Excel. I often spend time in performance tuning databases and I run many DMV’s in SSMS to get a quick view of the server. In my case it is almost certain that I need all the time column headers when I copy my data to excel or any other place. SQL Server Management Studio have two different ways to do this. Method 1: Ad-hoc When result is rendered you can right click on the resultset and click on Copy Header. This will copy the headers along with the resultset. Additionally, you can use the shortcut key CTRL+SHIFT+C for coping column headers along with the resultset. Method 2: Option Setting at SSMS level This is SSMS level settings and I kept this option always selected as I often need the column headers when I select the resultset. Go Tools >> Options >> Query Results >> SQL Server >> Results to Grid >> Check the Box “Include column header when copying or saving the results.” Both of the methods are discussed in following SQL in Sixty Seconds Video. Here is the code used in the video. Related Tips in SQL in Sixty Seconds: Copy Column Headers in Query Analyzers in Result Set Getting Columns Headers without Result Data – SET FMTONLY ON If we like your idea we promise to share with you educational material. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Database, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL in Sixty Seconds, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Server Management Studio, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology, Video

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  • SQL SERVER – Retrieve SQL Server Installation Date Time

    - by pinaldave
    I have been asked this question number of times and my answer always have been – search online and you will find the answer. Every single time when someone has followed my answer – they have found accurate answer in first few clicks. However increasingly this question getting very popular so I have decided to answer this question here. I usually prefer to create my own T-SQL script but in today’s case, I have taken the script from web. I have seen this script at so many places I do not know who is original creator so not sure who should get credit for the same. Question: How to retrieve SQL Server Installation date? Answer: Run following query and it will give you date of SQL Server Installation. SELECT create_date FROM sys.server_principals WHERE sid = 0x010100000000000512000000 Question: I have installed SQL Server Evaluation version how do I know what is the expiry date for it? Answer: SQL Server evaluation period is for 180 days. The expiration date is always 180 days from the initial installation. Following query will give an expiration date of evaluation version. -- Evaluation Version Expire Date SELECT create_date AS InstallationDate, DATEADD(DD, 180, create_date) AS 'Expiry Date' FROM sys.server_principals WHERE sid = 0x010100000000000512000000 GO I believe there is a way to do the same using registry but I have not explored it personally. Now as I said earlier there are many different blog posts on this subject. Let me list a few which I really enjoyed to read personally as they shared few more insights over this subject. Retrieving SQL Server 2012 Evaluation Period Expiry Date How to find the Installation Date for an Evaluation Edition of SQL Server Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL DateTime, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – Right Aligning Numerics in SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)

    - by pinaldave
    SQL Server Management Studio is my most favorite tool and the comfort it provides to user is sometime very amazing. Recently I was retrieving numeric data in SSMS and I found it is very difficult to read them as they were all right aligned. Please pay attention to following image, you will notice that it is not easier to read the digits as we are used to read the numbers which are right aligned. I immediately thought before I go for any other tricks I should check the query properties. I right clicked on query properties and I found following option. I checked option Right align numeric values and it just worked fine. Do you have any other similar tricks which do you practice often. I prefer to also include column headers in the result set as it gives me proper perspective of which column I have selected. Sometime little tips like this helps a lot in productivity, I encourage you to share your tips. I will publish it with due credit. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Server Management Studio, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – Validating If Date is Last Day of the Year, Month or Day

    - by Pinal Dave
    Here is one more question I recently received in an email- “Pinal, is there any ready made function which will display if the given date is the last day or the year, month or day? For example, if a date is the last day of the Year and last day of the month, I want to display Last Day of the Year and if a date is the last date of the month and last day of the week, I want to display the last day of the week. “ Well, very interesting question and there is no such function available for the same. However, here is the function I have written earlier for my personal use where I almost accomplish same task. -- Example of Year DECLARE @Day DATETIME SET @Day = '2014-12-31' SELECT CASE WHEN CAST(@Day AS DATE) = CAST(DATEADD(ms,-3,DATEADD(yy,0,DATEADD(yy,DATEDIFF(yy,0,@Day)+1,0))) AS DATE) THEN 'LastDayofYear' WHEN CAST(@Day AS DATE) = CAST(DATEADD(s,-1,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(m,0,@Day)+1,0)) AS DATE) THEN 'LastDayofMonth' WHEN CAST(@Day AS DATE) = CAST(DATEADD(s,-1,DATEADD(wk, DATEDIFF(wk,0,@Day),0)) AS DATE) THEN 'LastDayofWeek' ELSE 'Day' END GO -- Example of Month DECLARE @Day DATETIME SET @Day = '2014-06-30' SELECT CASE WHEN CAST(@Day AS DATE) = CAST(DATEADD(ms,-3,DATEADD(yy,0,DATEADD(yy,DATEDIFF(yy,0,@Day)+1,0))) AS DATE) THEN 'LastDayofYear' WHEN CAST(@Day AS DATE) = CAST(DATEADD(s,-1,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(m,0,@Day)+1,0)) AS DATE) THEN 'LastDayofMonth' WHEN CAST(@Day AS DATE) = CAST(DATEADD(s,-1,DATEADD(wk, DATEDIFF(wk,0,@Day),0)) AS DATE) THEN 'LastDayofWeek' ELSE 'Day' END GO -- Example of Month DECLARE @Day DATETIME SET @Day = '2014-05-04' SELECT CASE WHEN CAST(@Day AS DATE) = CAST(DATEADD(ms,-3,DATEADD(yy,0,DATEADD(yy,DATEDIFF(yy,0,@Day)+1,0))) AS DATE) THEN 'LastDayofYear' WHEN CAST(@Day AS DATE) = CAST(DATEADD(s,-1,DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(m,0,@Day)+1,0)) AS DATE) THEN 'LastDayofMonth' WHEN CAST(@Day AS DATE) = CAST(DATEADD(s,-1,DATEADD(wk, DATEDIFF(wk,0,@Day),0)) AS DATE) THEN 'LastDayofWeek' ELSE 'Day' END GO Let me know if you know any other smarter trick and we can post it here with due credit. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com)Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL DateTime, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL

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  • SQL SERVER – Difference between COUNT(DISTINCT) vs COUNT(ALL)

    - by pinaldave
    This blog post is written in response to the T-SQL Tuesday hosted by Jes Schultz Borland. Earlier today, I was presenting a 45-minute session at the Community College about “The Beginning SQL Server Database”. One of the students asked me the following question. What is the difference between COUNT(DISTINCT) vs COUNT(ALL)? I found this question from the student very interesting. He seems to have read the documentation (Book Online) and was then asking me this question. I always carry laptop which has SQL Server installed. I quickly opened it and ran the following script. After looking at the result, I think it was clear to everybody. Here is the script: SELECT COUNT([Title]) Value FROM [AdventureWorks].[Person].[Contact] GO SELECT COUNT(ALL [Title]) ALLValue FROM [AdventureWorks].[Person].[Contact] GO SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT [Title]) DistinctValue FROM [AdventureWorks].[Person].[Contact] GO The above script will give me the following results. You can clearly notice from the result set that COUNT (ALL ColumnName) is the same as COUNT(ColumnName). The reality is that the “ALL” is actually  the default option and it needs not to be specified. The ALL keyword includes all the non-NULL values. I know this is very simple and may be it does not change how we work; however looking at the whole angle, I really enjoyed the question. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – Difference between DATABASEPROPERTY and DATABASEPROPERTYEX

    - by pinaldave
    Earlier I asked a simple question on Facebook regarding difference between DATABASEPROPERTY and DATABASEPROPERTYEX in SQL Server. You can view the original conversation there over here. The conversion immediately became very interesting and lots of healthy discussion happened on facebook page. The best part of having conversation on facebook page is the comfort it provides and leaner commenting interface. Question Question from SQLAuthority.com: What is the difference between DATABASEPROPERTY and DATABASEPROPERTYEX in SQL Server? Answer Answer from Rakesh Kumar: DATABASEPROPERTY is supported for backward compatibility but does not provide information about the properties added in this release. Also, many properties supported by DATABASEPROPERTY have been replaced by new properties in DATABASEPROPERTYEX.- source (MSDN). Answer from Alphonso Jones: The only real difference I can see is one, the number of properties contained and the other is that EX returns a sql_variant while DATABASEPROPERTY returns only int. Answer from Ambati Venkatasiva: Both are system meta data functions. DATABASEPROPERTYEX Returns the current setting of the specified database option. DATABASEPROPERTYEX returns the sq-varient value and DATABASEPROPERTY returns integer value. Answer from Rama Sankar Molleti:  Here is the best example about databasepropertyex SELECT DATABASEPROPERTYEX('dbname', 'Collation') Result SQL_1xCompat_CP850_CI_AS Whereas with databaseproperty it retuns nothing as the return type for this is integer. Sql_variant datatype stores values of various sql server supported datatypes except text, ntext, image and timestamp. Answer from Alok Seth:  SELECT DATABASEPROPERTYEX('AdventureWorks', 'Status') DatabaseStatus_DATABASEPROPERTYEX GO --Result - ONLINE SELECT DATABASEPROPERTY('AdventureWorks', 'Status') DatabaseStatus_DATABASEPROPERTY GO --Result - NULL Summary Use DATABASEPROPERTYEX as it is the only function supported in future version as well it returns status of various database properties which does not exists with DATABASEPROPERTY. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – DMV sys.dm_exec_describe_first_result_set_for_object – Describes the First Result Metadata for the Module

    - by pinaldave
    Here is another interesting follow up blog post of SQL SERVER – sp_describe_first_result_set New System Stored Procedure in SQL Server 2012. While I was writing earlier blog post I had come across DMV sys.dm_exec_describe_first_result_set_for_object as well. I found that SQL Server 2012 is providing all this quick and new features which quite often we miss  to learn it and when in future someone demonstrates the same to us, we express our surprise on the subject. DMV sys.dm_exec_describe_first_result_set_for_object returns result set which describes the columns used in the stored procedure. Here is the quick example. Let us first create stored procedure. USE [AdventureWorks] GO ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[CompSP] AS SELECT [DepartmentID] id ,[Name] n ,[GroupName] gn FROM [HumanResources].[Department] GO Now let us run following two DMV which gives us meta data description of the stored procedure passed as a parameter. Option1: Pass second parameter @include_browse_information as a 0. SELECT * FROM sys.dm_exec_describe_first_result_set_for_object ( OBJECT_ID('[dbo].[CompSP]'),0) AS Table1 GO Option2: Pass second parameter @include_browse_information as a 1. SELECT * FROM sys.dm_exec_describe_first_result_set_for_object ( OBJECT_ID('[dbo].[CompSP]'),1) AS Table1 GO Here is the result of Option1 and Option2. If you see the result, there is absolutely no difference between the results. Both of the resultset are returning column names which are aliased in the stored procedure. Let us scroll on the right side and you will notice that there is clear difference in some columns. You will see in second resultset source_database, Source_schema as well few other columns are reporting original table instead of NULL values. When @include_browse_information result is set to 1 it will provide the columns details of the underlying table. I have just discovered this DMV, I have yet to use it in production code and find out where exactly I will use this DMV. Do you have any idea? Does any thing comes up to your mind where this DMV can be helpful. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL DMV, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – Function to Round Up Time to Nearest Minutes Interval

    - by pinaldave
    Though I have written more than 2300 blog posts, I always find things which I have not covered earlier in this blog post. Recently I was asked if I have written a function which rounds up or down the time based on the minute interval passed to it. Well, not earlier but it is here today. Here is a very simple example of how one can do the same. ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[RoundTime] (@Time DATETIME, @RoundToMin INT) RETURNS DATETIME AS BEGIN RETURN ROUND(CAST(CAST(CONVERT(VARCHAR,@Time,121) AS DATETIME) AS FLOAT) * (1440/@RoundToMin),0)/(1440/@RoundToMin) END GO Above function needs two values. 1) The time which needs to be rounded up or down. 2) Time in minutes (the value passed here should be between 0 and 60 – if the value is incorrect the results will be incorrect.) Above function can be enhanced by adding functionalities like a) Validation of the parameters passed b) Accepting values like Quarter Hour, Half Hour etc. Here are few sample examples. SELECT dbo.roundtime1('17:29',30) SELECT dbo.roundtime1(GETDATE(),5) SELECT dbo.roundtime1('2012-11-02 07:27:07.000',15) When you run above code, it will return following results. Well, do you have any other way to achieve the same result? If yes, do share it here and I will be glad to share it on blog with due credit. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL DateTime, SQL Function, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – Convert Old Syntax of RAISEERROR to THROW

    - by Pinal Dave
    I have been quite a few comments on my Facebook page and here is one of the questions which instantly caught my attention. “We have a legacy application and it has been a long time since we are using SQL Server. Recently we have upgraded to the latest version of SQL Server and we are updating our code as well. Here is the question for you, there are plenty of places we have been using old style RAISEERROR code and now we want to convert it to use THROW. Would you please suggest a sample example for the same.” Very interesting question. THROW was introduced in SQL Server 2012 to handle the error gracefully and return the error message. Let us see quickly two examples of SQL Server 2012 and earlier version. Earlier Version of SQL Server BEGIN TRY SELECT 1/0 END TRY BEGIN CATCH DECLARE @ErrorMessage NVARCHAR(2000), @ErrorSeverity INT SELECT @ErrorMessage = ERROR_MESSAGE(), @ErrorSeverity = ERROR_SEVERITY() RAISERROR (@ErrorMessage, @ErrorSeverity, 1) END CATCH SQL Server 2012 and Latest Version BEGIN TRY SELECT 1/0 END TRY BEGIN CATCH THROW END CATCH That’s it! We are done! Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com)Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Error Messages, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL

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  • SQL – Difference Between INNER JOIN and JOIN

    - by Pinal Dave
    Here is the follow up question to my earlier question SQL – Difference between != and Operator <> used for NOT EQUAL TO Operation. There was a pretty good discussion about this subject earlier and lots of people participated with their opinion. Though the answer was very simple but the conversation was indeed delightful and was indeed very informative. In this blog post I have another following up question to all of you. What is the difference between INNER JOIN and JOIN? If you are working with database you will find developers use above both the kinds of the joins in their SQL Queries. Here is the quick example of the same. Query using INNER JOIN SELECT * FROM Table1 INNER JOIN  Table2 ON Table1.Col1 = Table2.Col1 Query using JOIN SELECT * FROM Table1 JOIN  Table2 ON Table1.Col1 = Table2.Col1 The question is what is the difference between above two syntax. Here is the answer – They are equal to each other. There is absolutely no difference between them. They are equal in performance as well as implementation. JOIN is actually shorter version of INNER JOIN. Personally I prefer to write INNER JOIN because it is much cleaner to read and it avoids any confusion if there is related to JOIN. For example if users had written INNER JOIN instead of JOIN there would have been no confusion in mind and hence there was no need to have original question. Here is the question back to you - Which one of the following syntax do you use when you are inner joining two tables – INNER JOIN or JOIN? and Why? Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Joins, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – Excel Losing Decimal Values When Value Pasted from SSMS ResultSet

    - by pinaldave
    No! It is not a SQL Server Issue or SSMS issue. It is how things work. There is a simple trick to resolve this issue. It is very common when users are coping the resultset to Excel, the floating point or decimals are missed. The solution is very much simple and it requires a small adjustment in the Excel. By default Excel is very smart and when it detects the value which is getting pasted is numeric it changes the column format to accommodate that. Now as Zero which are training any digit after decimal points have no value, Excel automatically hides it. To prevent this to happen user has to convert columns to text format so it can preserve the formatting. Here is how you can do it. Select the corner between A and 1 and Right Click on it. It will select complete spreadsheet. If you want to change the format of any column you can select an individual column the same way. In the menu Click on Format Cells… It will bring up the following menu. Here by default the selected column will be General, change that to Text. It will change the format of all the cells to Text. Now once again paste the values from SSMS to the Excel. This time it will preserve the decimal values from SSMS. Solved! Any other trick you do you know to preserve the decimal values? Leave a comment please. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQL Utility, T SQL, Technology Tagged: Excel

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  • How to get hp printer to select correct trays on samba shared printer

    - by dgermann
    My first post here. Clean install of 12.04.1. Previously 10.04. Have been running a p2035n printer without problem. Now, no matter what paper tray I select it prints to the top "by-pass" feeder--not the lower main tray. And when I select to print to manual feed, it does not wait for me to put in paper (like it used to), but prints immediately. The printer is on a samba share and is physically plugged into a WinXP machine. Its uri is smb:///computername/p2035n. I have tried several of the offered drivers for this hp machine, and even tried generic-laser. Same result on all. Here are some other things I have tried (losing 2-3 hours of my time!): hp-check -t reports “error: User needs to be member of group 'lp' to enable print, scan & fax. ” and “warning: Printer is not HPLIP installed. Printers must use the hp: or hpfax: CUPS backend to function in HPLIP.” needed to download HPLIP 3.12.11 followed http://hplipopensource.com/hplip-web/install/install/index.html sh hplip-3.12.11-run says that before setup logout and then on login run hp-setup hp-setup could not find the printer ran hp-check -t again, found I was not in group lp ran hp-check --fix and it fixed that problem, asks for reboot rebooted after running update manager (new kernel) and hp-check -t shows no errors this time all the tray selections end up on the bypass tray hp-setup still cannot find the printer So is there a way to make this work? Thanks! :- Doug.

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  • SQL SERVER – Using RAND() in User Defined Functions (UDF)

    - by pinaldave
    Here is the question I received in email. “Pinal, I am writing a function where we need to generate random password. While writing T-SQL I faced following issue. Everytime I tried to use RAND() function in my User Defined Function I am getting following error: Msg 443, Level 16, State 1, Procedure RandFn, Line 7 Invalid use of a side-effecting operator ‘rand’ within a function. Here is the simplified T-SQL code of the function which I am using: CREATE FUNCTION RandFn() RETURNS INT AS BEGIN DECLARE @rndValue INT SET @rndValue = RAND() RETURN @rndValue END GO I must use UDF so is there any workaround to use RAND function in UDF.” Here is the workaround how RAND() can be used in UDF. The scope of the blog post is not to discuss the advantages or disadvantages of the function or random function here but just to show how RAND() function can be used in UDF. RAND() function is directly not allowed to use in the UDF so we have to find alternate way to use the same function. This can be achieved by creating a VIEW which is using RAND() function and use the same VIEW in the UDF. Here is the step by step instructions. Create a VIEW using RAND function. CREATE VIEW rndView AS SELECT RAND() rndResult GO Create a UDF using the same VIEW. CREATE FUNCTION RandFn() RETURNS DECIMAL(18,18) AS BEGIN DECLARE @rndValue DECIMAL(18,18) SELECT @rndValue = rndResult FROM rndView RETURN @rndValue END GO Now execute the UDF and it will just work fine and return random result. SELECT dbo.RandFn() GO In T-SQL world, I have noticed that there are more than one solution to every problem. Is there any better solution to this question? Please post that question as a comment and I will include it with due credit. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Function, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology Tagged: technology

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  • Why is my query soooooo slow?

    - by geekrutherford
    A stored procedure used in our production environment recently became so slow it cause the calling web service to begin timing out. When running the stored procedure in Query Analyzer it took nearly 3 minutes to complete.   The stored procedure itself does little more than create a small bit of dynamic SQL which calls a view with a where clause at the end.   At first the thought was that the query used within the view needed to be optimized. The query is quite long and therefore easy to jump to this conclusion.   Fortunately, after bringing the issue to the attention of a coworker they asked "is there a where clause, and if so, is there an index on the column(s) in it?" I had no idea and quickly said as much. A quick check on the table/column utilized in the where clause indicated indeed there was no index.   Before adding the index, and after admitting I am no SQL wiz, I checked the internet for info on the difference between clustered and non-clustered indexes. I found the following site quite helpful OdeToCode. After adding the non-clustered index on the column, the query that used to take nearly 3 minutes now takes 10 seconds! Ah, if only I'd thought to do this ahead of time!

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  • Select Data From XML in MS SQL Server (T-SQL)

    - by Doug Lampe
    So you have used XML to give you some schema flexibility in your database, but now you need to get some data out.  What do you do?  The solution is relatively  simple:   DECLARE @iDoc INT /* Stores a pointer to the XML document */ DECLARE @XML VARCHAR(MAX) /* Stores the content of the XML */   set @XML = (SELECT top 1 Xml_Column_Name FROM My_Table where Primary_Key_Column = 'Some Value')   EXEC sp_xml_preparedocument @iDoc OUTPUT, @XML   SELECT * FROM OPENXML(@iDoc,'/some/valid/xpath',2)                      WITH (output_column1_name varchar(50)  'xml_node_name1',                                                     output_column2_name varchar(50)  'xml_node_name2')   EXEC sp_xml_removedocument @iDoc   In this example, the XML data would look something like this:   <some>   <valid>     <xpath>       <xml_node_name1>Value1</xml_node_name1>       <xml_node_name2>Value2</cml_node_name2>     </xpath>   </valid> </some>   The resulting query should give you this:   output_column1_name    output_column2_name ------------------------------------------ Value1                 Value2   Note that in this example we are only looking at a single record at a time.  You could use a cursor to iterate through multiple records and insert the XML data into a temporary table.

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  • implementing dynamic query handler on historical data

    - by user2390183
    EDIT : Refined question to focus on the core issue Context: I have historical data about property (house) sales collected from various sources in a centralized/cloud data source (assume info collection is handled by a third party) Planning to develop an application to query and retrieve data from this centralized data source Example Queries: Simple : for given XYZ post code, what is average house price for 3 bed room house? Complex: What is estimated price for an house at "DD,Some Street,XYZ Post Code" (worked out from average values of historic data filtered by various characteristics of the house: house post code, no of bed rooms, total area, and other deeper insights like house building type, year of built, features)? In addition to average price, the application should support other property info ** maximum, or minimum price..etc and trend (graph) on a selected property attribute over a period of time**. Hence, the queries should not enforce the search based on a primary key or few fixed fields In other words, queries can be What is the change in 3 Bed Room house price (irrespective of location) over last 30 days? What kind of properties we can get for X price (irrespective of location or house type) The challenge I have is identifying the domain (BI/ Data Analytical or DB Design or DB Query Interface or DW related or something else) this problem (dynamic query on historic data) belong to, so that I can do further exploration My findings so far I could be wrong on the following, so please correct me if you think so I briefly read about BI/Data Analytics - I think it is heavy weight solution for my problem and has scalability issues. DB Design - As I understand RDBMS works well if you know Data model at design time. I am expecting attributes about property or other entity (user) that am going to bring in, would evolve quickly. hence maintenance would be an issue. As I am going to have multiple users executing query at same time, performance would be a bottleneck Other options like Graph DB (http://www.tinkerpop.com/) seems to be bit complex (they are good. but using those tools meant for generic purpose, make me think like assembly programming to solve my problem ) BigData related solution are to analyse data from multiple unrelated domains So, Any suggestion on the space this problem fit in ? (Especially if you have design/implementation experience of back-end for property listing or similar portals)

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  • Query for server DefaultData & DefaultLog folders

    - by jamiet
    Do you ever need to query for the DefaultData & DefaultLog folders for your SQL Server instance? Well, I just did and the following script enabled me to do that: DECLARE @HkeyLocal NVARCHAR(18),@MSSqlServerRegPath NVARCHAR(31),@InstanceRegPath SYSNAME; SELECT @HkeyLocal=N'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE' SELECT @MSSqlServerRegPath=N'SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MSSQLServer' SELECT @InstanceRegPath=@MSSqlServerRegPath + N'\MSSQLServer' DECLARE @SmoDefaultFile NVARCHAR(512) EXEC MASTER.dbo.xp_instance_regread @HkeyLocal, @InstanceRegPath, N'DefaultData', @SmoDefaultFile OUTPUT DECLARE @SmoDefaultLog NVARCHAR(512) EXEC MASTER.dbo.xp_instance_regread @HkeyLocal, @InstanceRegPath, N'DefaultLog', @SmoDefaultLog OUTPUT SELECT ISNULL(@SmoDefaultFile,N'') AS [DefaultFile],ISNULL(@SmoDefaultLog,N'') AS [DefaultLog]' I haven’t done any rigorous testing or anything like that, all I can say is…it worked for me (on SQL Server 2012). Use as you see fit. Doubtless this information exists in a multitude of other places but nevertheless I’m putting it here so I know where to find it in the future. Just for fun I thought I’d try this out against SQL Azure Windows Azure SQL Database. Unsurprisingly it didn’t work there: Msg 40515, Level 15, State 1, Line 16 Reference to database and/or server name in 'MASTER.dbo.xp_instance_regread' is not supported in this version of SQL Server. @Jamiet

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  • How to do left joins with least-n-per-group query?

    - by Nate
    I'm trying to get a somewhat complicated query working and am not having any luck whatsoever. Suppose I have the following tables: cart_items: +--------------------------------------------+ | item_id | cart_id | movie_name | quantity | +--------------------------------------------+ | 0 | 0 | braveheart | 4 | | 1 | 0 | braveheart | 9 | | . | . | . | . | | . | . | . | . | | . | . | . | . | | . | . | . | . | +--------------------------------------------+ movies: +------------------------------+ | movie_id | movie_name | ... | +------------------------------+ | 0 | braveheart | . | | . | . | . | | . | . | . | | . | . | . | | . | . | . | +------------------------------+ pricing: +-----------------------------------------+ | id | movie_name | quantity | price_per | +-----------------------------------------+ | 0 | braveheart | 1 | 1.99 | | 1 | braveheart | 2 | 1.50 | | 2 | braveheart | 4 | 1.25 | | 3 | braveheart | 8 | 1.00 | | . | . | . | . | | . | . | . | . | | . | . | . | . | | . | . | . | . | | . | . | . | . | +-----------------------------------------+ I need to join the data from the tables, but with the added complexity that I need to get appropriate price_per from the pricing table. Only one price should be returned for each cart_item, and that should be the lowest price from the pricing table where the quantity for the cart item is at least the quantity in the pricing table. So, the query should return for each item in cart_items the following: +---------------------------------------------+ | item_id | movie_name | quantity | price_per | +---------------------------------------------+ Example 1: Variable passed to the query: cart_id = 0. Return: +---------------------------------------------+ | item_id | movie_name | quantity | price_per | +---------------------------------------------+ | 0 | braveheart | 4 | 1.25 | | 1 | braveheart | 9 | 1.00 | +---------------------------------------------+ Note that this is a minimalist example and that additional data will be pulled from the tables mentioned (particularly the movies table). How could this query be composed? I have tried using left joins and subqueries, but the difficult part is getting the price and nothing I have tried has worked. Thanks for your help. EDIT: I think this is similar to what I have working with my "real" tables: SELECT t1.item_id, t2.movie_name, t1.quantity FROM cart_items t1 LEFT JOIN movies t2 ON t2.movie_name = t1.movie_name WHERE t1.cart_id = 0 Assuming I wrote that correctly (I quickly tried to "port over" my real query), then the output would currently be: +---------------------------------+ | item_id | movie_name | quantity | +---------------------------------+ | 0 | braveheart | 4 | | 1 | braveheart | 9 | +---------------------------------+ The trouble I'm having is joining the price at a certain quantity for a movie. I simply cannot figure out how to do it.

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  • How can I remove this query from within a loop?

    - by Chris
    I am currently designing a forum as a personal project. One of the recurring issues I've come across is database queries in loops. I've managed to avoid doing that so far by using table joins or caching of data in arrays for later use. Right now though I've come across a situation where I'm not sure how I can write the code in such a way that I can use either of those methods easily. However I'd still prefer to do at most 2 queries for this operation rather than 1 + 1 per group of forums, which so far has resulted in 5 per page. So while 5 isn't a huge number (though it will increase for each forum group I add) it's the principle that's important to me here, I do NOT want to write queries in loops What I'm doing is displaying forum index groupings (eg admin forums, user forums etc) and then each forum within that group on a single page index, it's the combination of both in one page that's causing me issue. If it had just been a single group per page, I'd use a table join and problem solved. But if I use a table join here, although I can potentially get all the data I need it'll be in one mass of results and it needs displaying properly. Here's the code (I've removed some of the html for clarity) <?php $sql= "select * from forum_groups"; //query 1 $result1 = $database->query($sql); while($group = mysql_fetch_assoc($result1)) //first loop {?> <table class="threads"> <tr> <td class="forumgroupheader"> <?php echo $group['group_name']; ?> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="forumgroupheader2"> <?php echo $group['group_desc']; ?> </td> </tr> </table> <table> <tr> <th class="thforum"> Forum Name</th> <th class="thforum"> Forum Decsription</th> <th class="thforum"> Last Post </th> <tr> <?php $group_id = $group['id']; $sql = "SELECT forums.id, forums.forum_group_id, forums.forum_name, forums.forum_desc, forums.visible_rank, forums.locked, forums.lock_rank, forums.topics, forums.posts, forums.last_post, forums.last_post_id, users.username FROM forums LEFT JOIN users on forums.last_post_id=users.id WHERE forum_group_id='{$group_id}'"; //query 2 $result2 = $database->query($sql); while($forum = mysql_fetch_assoc($result2)) //second loop {?> So how can I either a) write the SQL in such a way as to remove the second query from inside the loop or b) combine the results in an array either way I need to be able to access the data as an when so I can format it properly for the page output, ie within the loops still.

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  • MySql select by column value. Separeta operator for columns.

    - by andy
    Hi all, i have a mysql table like this +-----+---------+-----------+-----------------+-------+ | id | item_id | item_type | field_name | data | +-----+---------+-----------+-----------------+-------+ | 258 | 54 | page | field_interests | 1 | | 257 | 54 | page | field_interests | 0 | | 256 | 54 | page | field_author | value | +-----+---------+-----------+-----------------+-------+ And, I need build query like this SELECT * FROM table WHERE `field_name`='field_author' AND `field_author.data` LIKE '%jo%' AND `field_name`='field_interests' AND `field_interests.data`='0' AND `field_name`='field_interests' AND `field_interests.data`='1' This is sample query. MySql can't do queries like that. I mean than SELECT * FROM table WHERE name='jonn' AND name='marry' will return 0 rows. Cant anybody help me. Thanks.

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  • How can I factor out repeated expressions in an SQL Query? Column aliases don't seem to be the ticke

    - by Weston C
    So, I've got a query that looks something like this: SELECT id, DATE_FORMAT(CONVERT_TZ(callTime,'+0:00','-7:00'),'%b %d %Y') as callDate, DATE_FORMAT(CONVERT_TZ(callTime,'+0:00','-7:00'),'%H:%i') as callTimeOfDay, SEC_TO_TIME(callLength) as callLength FROM cs_calldata WHERE customerCode='999999-abc-blahblahblah' AND CONVERT_TZ(callTime,'+0:00','-7:00') >= '2010-04-25' AND CONVERT_TZ(callTime,'+0:00','-7:00') <= '2010-05-25' If you're like me, you probably start thinking that maybe it would improve readability and possibly the performance of this query if I wasn't asking it to compute CONVERT_TZ(callTime,'+0:00','-7:00') four separate times. So I try to create a column alias for that expression and replace further occurances with that alias: SELECT id, CONVERT_TZ(callTime,'+0:00','-7:00') as callTimeZoned, DATE_FORMAT(callTimeZoned,'%b %d %Y') as callDate, DATE_FORMAT(callTimeZoned,'%H:%i') as callTimeOfDay, SEC_TO_TIME(callLength) as callLength FROM cs_calldata WHERE customerCode='5999999-abc-blahblahblah' AND callTimeZoned >= '2010-04-25' AND callTimeZoned <= '2010-05-25' This is when I learned, to quote the MySQL manual: Standard SQL disallows references to column aliases in a WHERE clause. This restriction is imposed because when the WHERE clause is evaluated, the column value may not yet have been determined. So, that approach would seem to be dead in the water. How is someone writing queries with recurring expressions like this supposed to deal with it?

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  • IIS URL Rewrite Module Query String Parameters

    - by binarycoder
    Is it possible to use URL Rewrite to provide more complex query string functionality than the "Append query string" checkbox that it has? Specifically, is it possible to specify the keys for certain query string parameters and have it only append those name value pairs. For example, for the input: http://www.example.org/test?alpha=1&beta=2&gamma=3 and the list of query string parameter keys: beta gamma it should output: http://www.example.org/redirect?beta=2&gamma=3 (Note that the query string parameters in the input appear in arbitrary order.)

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