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  • I need beginner help on loading an image (2D). I have an error

    - by Seth Taddiken
    I keep getting a "NullReferenceExeption was unhandled" with "Object reference not set to an instance of an object." written under it. I have all of the images (png) correct with names and added to references. protected override void LoadContent() { spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); backGround = Content.Load("Cracked"); player1.playerBlock = Content.Load("square"); player2.playerBlock = Content.Load("square2"); }

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  • Android Array Lag?

    - by Mike
    I am making a platform game for Android. It is sort of a tile based game. I added bullets and enemies with AI and a bunch of tile types. I created a simple map with no Enemies. Everything was running well and smooth until I shot a bunch of bullets randomly everywhere. A couple of hundreds of bullets later, the FPS lowered. I made a test to find out if the bullets were the problem so I made another simple map with just a tile to stand on and left it for a while. Minutes later, I played around with it a bit to check if the FPS changed and it didnt. I reloaded the same map and shot a lot of bullets. Minutes later, the FPS was visibly lower even after the number of bullets were zero. Points to note: Programmed FPS is 30 Tested on a Samsung Galaxy Y and Samsung Galaxy W Any tile, enemy, bullet that is off screen is not drawn to prevent lag Bullets collide with Tiles (if they dont collide with in 450 frames, they are removed from the array) I used List bullets = new ListArray(); I used bullets.add(new Bullet(x, y, params...)); I used for(...){ if(...){ bullets.remove(i); } } Code for bullet: private void drawBullets(Canvas canvas) { for (int i = 0; i < bullets.size(); i++) { Bullet b = bullets.get(i); b.update(canvas); //updates physics if (b.t > blm) { //if the bullet is past its expiry bullets.remove(i); i--; } else { if (svx((b.x)) > 0 && svx(b.x) < width && svy((b.y)) > 0 && svy(b.y) < height) { // if bullet is not off screen b.draw(canvas); // draw the bullet } } } } I tried searching for solutions and references but I have no luck. I'm guessing that the lag has something to do with the Array and the Bullets or Classes that I've loaded? I'm not sure! Someone please help! Thanks in advance! :)

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  • XNA WP7 Texture memory and ContentManager

    - by jlongstreet
    I'm trying to get my WP7 XNA game's memory under control and under the 90MB limit for submission. One target I identified was UI textures, especially fullscreen ones, that would never get unloaded. So I moved UI texture loads to their own ContentManager so I can unload them. However, this doesn't seem to affect the value of Microsoft.Phone.Info.DeviceExtendedProperties.GetValue("ApplicationCurrentMemoryUsage"), so it doesn't look like the memory is actually being released. Example: splash screens. In Game.LoadContent(): Application.Instance.SetContentManager("UI"); // set the current content manager for (int i = 0; i < mSplashTextures.Length; ++i) { // load the splash textures mSplashTextures[i] = Application.Instance.Content.Load<Texture2D>(msSplashTextureNames[i]); } // set the content manager back to the global one Application.Instance.SetContentManager("Global"); When the initial load is done and the title screen starts, I do: Application.Instance.GetContentManager("UI").Unload(); The three textures take about 6.5 MB of memory. Before unloading the UI ContentManager, I see that ApplicationCurrentMemoryUsage is at 34.29 MB. After unloading the ContentManager (and doing a full GC.Collect()), it's still at 34.29 MB. But after that, I load another fullscreen texture (for the title screen background) and memory usage still doesn't change. Could it be keeping the memory for these textures allocated and reusing it? edit: very simple test: protected override void LoadContent() { // Create a new SpriteBatch, which can be used to draw textures. spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); PrintMemUsage("Before texture load: "); // TODO: use this.Content to load your game content here red = this.Content.Load<Texture2D>("Untitled"); PrintMemUsage("After texture load: "); } private void PrintMemUsage(string tag) { Debug.WriteLine(tag + Microsoft.Phone.Info.DeviceExtendedProperties.GetValue("ApplicationCurrentMemoryUsage")); } protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { // Allows the game to exit if (GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.One).Buttons.Back == ButtonState.Pressed) this.Exit(); // TODO: Add your update logic here if (count++ == 100) { GC.Collect(); GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers(); PrintMemUsage("Before CM unload: "); this.Content.Dispose(); GC.Collect(); GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers(); PrintMemUsage("After CM unload: "); red = null; spriteBatch.Dispose(); GC.Collect(); GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers(); PrintMemUsage("After SpriteBatch Dispose(): "); } base.Update(gameTime); } protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); // TODO: Add your drawing code here if (red != null) { spriteBatch.Begin(); spriteBatch.Draw(red, new Vector2(0,0), Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); } base.Draw(gameTime); } This prints something like (it changes every time): Before texture load: 7532544 After texture load: 10727424 Before CM unload: 9875456 After CM unload: 9953280 After SpriteBatch Dispose(): 9953280

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  • What kind of graphics would you like better? [ pictures ] [closed]

    - by Roger Travis
    I am looking forward to make an android game, something angrybirds style. I've already made my own engine and now have to decide what kind of graphics should I make. It could be either realistic, like that or a doodle-style like this Right now the first one looks more appealing to me... on the other hand, doodle-graphics are very easy to draw and their transparency doesn't seem to slow down the engine much. What do you think?

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  • LibGDX - Textures rendering at wrong position

    - by ACluelessGuy
    Update 2: Let me further explain my problem since I think that i didn't make it clear enough: The Y-coordinates on the bottom of my screen should be 0. Instead it is the height of my screen. That means the "higher" i touch/click the screen the less my y-coordinate gets. Above that the origin is not inside my screen, atleast not the 0 y-coordinate. Original post: I'm currently developing a tower defence game for fun by using LibGDX. There are places on my map where the player is or is not allowed to put towers on. So I created different ArrayLists holding rectangles representing a tile on my map. (towerPositions) for(int i = 0; i < map.getLayers().getCount(); i++) { curLay = (TiledMapTileLayer) map.getLayers().get(i); //For all Cells of current Layer for(int k = 0; k < curLay.getWidth(); k++) { for(int j = 0; j < curLay.getHeight(); j++) { curCell = curLay.getCell(k, j); //If there is a actual cell if(curCell != null) { tileWidth = curLay.getTileWidth(); tileHeight = curLay.getTileHeight(); xTileKoord = tileWidth*k; yTileKoord = tileHeight*j; switch(curLay.getName()) { //If layer named "TowersAllowed" picked case "TowersAllowed": towerPositions.add(new Rectangle(xTileKoord, yTileKoord, tileWidth, tileHeight)); // ... AND SO ON If the player clicks on a "allowed" field later on he has the opportunity to build a tower of his coice via a menu. Now here is the problem: The towers render, but they render at wrong position. (They appear really random on the map, no certain pattern for me) for(Rectangle curRect : towerPositions) { if(curRect.contains(xCoord, yCoord)) { //Using a certain tower in this example (left the menu out if(gameControl.createTower("towerXY")) { //RenderObject is just a class holding the Texture and x/y coordinates renderList.add(new RenderObject(new Texture(Gdx.files.internal("TowerXY.png")), curRect.x, curRect.y)); } } } Later on i render it: game.batch.begin(); for(int i = 0; i < renderList.size() ; i++) { game.batch.draw(renderList.get(i).myTexture, renderList.get(i).x, renderList.get(i).y); } game.batch.end(); regards

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  • Translating an object along its heading

    - by Kuros
    I am working on a simulation that requires me to have several objects moving around in 3D space (text output of their current position on the grid and heading is fine, I do not need graphics), and I am having some trouble getting objects to move along their relative headings. I have a basic understanding of vectors and matrices. I am using a vector to represent their position, and I am also using Euler Angles. I can translate one of my entities with a matrix along whatever axis, and I can alter their heading. For example, if I have an entity at (order is XYZ) 1, 1, 1, with a heading of 0, I can apply a translation matrix to get them to talk to 1, 1, 2 fine. However, if I change their heading to 270, they still walk to 1, 1, 3, instead of 2, 1, 2 as I desire. I have a feeling that my problem lies in not translating my matrix from world space to object space, but I am not sure how to go about that. How can I do this? Addition: I am using 3D vectors to represent their current position and their heading (using the three euler angles). For now, all I want to do is have an entity walk in a square, reporting their current position at each step. So, assuming it starts at 10, 10, 10 I want it to walk as follows: 10,10,10 -> 10, 10, 15 10, 10, 15 -> 5, 10, 15 5, 10, 15 -> 5, 10, 10 5, 10, 10 -> 10, 10, 10 My 1 Z unit translation matrix is as follows: [1 0 0 0] [0 1 0 0] [0 0 1 1] [0 0 0 1] My rotation matrix is as follows: [0 0 1 0] [0 1 0 0] [-1 0 0 0] [0 0 0 1]

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  • Enabling and Disabling Colliders Unity

    - by Blue
    I'm trying to make the collider appear every 1 second. But I can't get the code write. I tried enabling the collider under a boolean and putting a yield to make it every second or so. But it's not working(gives me an error: Update() can not be a coroutine.). How would I fix this? Would I need a timer system and set the collider to be enabled every 'x' seconds and disabled every 'y' seconds? var waitTime : float = 1; var trigger : boolean = false; function Update () { if(!trigger){ collider.enabled = false; yield WaitForSeconds(waitTime); } if(trigger){ collider.enabled = true; yield WaitForSeconds(waitTime); } } }

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  • 3D array in a 2D array

    - by Smallbro
    Currently I've been using a 3D array for my tiles in a 2D world but the 3D side comes in when moving down into caves and whatnot. Now this is not memory efficient and I switched over to a 2D array and can now have much larger maps. The only issue I'm having now is that it seems that my tiles cannot occupy the same space as a tile on the same z level. My current structure means that each block has its own z variable. This is what it used to look like: map.blockData[x][y][z] = new Block(); however now it works like this map.blockData[x][y] = new Block(z); I'm not sure why but if I decide to use the same space on say the floor below it wont allow me to. Does anyone have any ideas on how I can add a z-axis to my 2D array? I'm using java but I reckon the concept carries across different languages.

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  • When to use Euler vs Axis angles vs Quaternions?

    - by manning18
    I understand the theory behind each but I was wondering if people could share their experiences in when one would use one over the other For instance, if you were implementing a chase camera, a FPS-style mouse look or writing some kinematic routine, what would be the factors you consider to go with one type over the other and when might you need to convert from one form of representation to the other? Are there certain things that only one system can do that the others can't? (eg smooth interpolation with quaternions)

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  • Methods for getting static data from obj-c to Parse (database)

    - by Phil
    I'm starting out thinking out how best to code my latest game on iOS, and I want to use parse.com to store pretty much everything, so I can easily change things. What I'm not sure about is how to get static data into parse, or at least the best method. I've read about using NSMutableDictionary, pLists, JSON, XML files etc. Let's say for example in AS3 I could create a simple data object like so... static var playerData:Object = {position:{startX:200, startY:200}}; Stick it in a static class, and bingo I've got my static data to use how I see fit. Basically I'm looking for the best method to do the same thing in Obj-c, but the data is not to be stored directly in the iOS game, but to be sent to parse.com to be stored on their database there. The game (at least the distribution version) will only load data from the parse database, so however I'm getting the static data into parse I want to be able to remove it from being included in the eventual iOS file. So any ideas on the best methods to sort that? If I had longer on this project, it might be nice to use storyboards and create a simple game editor to send data to parse....actually maybe that's a good idea, it's just I'm new to obj-c and I'm looking for the most straightforward (see quickest) way to achieve things. Thanks for any advice.

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  • How do I draw a texture to a MSTerrain object?

    - by Brad
    I'm using Farseer to make a game in XNA and I can't seem to figure this out. I've decided to use MSTerrain for making my game's terrain because I wanted destructible terrain and MSTerrain seemed like the best bet. Unfortunately, I'm stumped on how to actually show the terrain. When I generate the terrain it's visible in debug view, but MSTerrain does not have a Draw method, so I'm wondering how it is supposed to be drawn to the screen? Is it worth pursuing? I'm starting to think that MSTerrain is more trouble than it's worth, is there another better way to do this with bodies?

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  • How to decompose a rectangular shape in a Voronoi diagram, only generating convex shapes?

    - by DevilWithin
    I think this is a very straighforward question, lets say i have a building in 2D, a rectangle shape. Now i want to decompose that area in a lot of convex shapes, as seen in a voronoi diagram, or closely like it, just so I can add those shapes to the physics engine, and have a realistic destruction. Bonus: Possible suggestions on how to make the effect more dynamic and interesting. Please keep in mind we re talking about realtime calculations..

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  • Question about creating a sprite based 2-D Side Scroller with scaling/zooming

    - by Arthur
    I'm just wondering if anyone can offer any advice on how best to go about creating a 2-D game with zooming/scaling features akin to the early Samurai Showdown games. In this case it would be a side scroller a la Metal Slug, the zooming would come in as more enemy sprites entered the screen, or when facing a large sized boss. A feature that would be both cosmetic as well as functional to the game. I've done some reading and noticed a few suggestions that included drawing different sized sprites, a standard size and zoomed out size. Any thoughts? Thanks for your time.

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  • Is there a (family of) monotonically non-decreasing noise function(s)?

    - by Joe Wreschnig
    I'd like a function to animate an object moving from point A to point B over time, such that it reaches B at some fixed time, but its position at any time is randomly perturbed in a continuous fashion, but never goes backwards. The objects move along straight lines, so I only need one dimension. Mathematically, that means I'm looking for some continuous f(x), x ? [0,1], such that: f(0) = 0 f(1) = 1 x < y ? f(x) = f(y) At "most" points f(x + d) - f(x) bears no obvious relation to d. (The function is not uniformly increasing or otherwise predictable; I think that's also equivalent to saying no degree of derivative is a constant.) Ideally, I would actually like some way to have a family of these functions, providing some seed state. I'd need at least 4 bits of seed (16 possible functions), for my current use, but since that's not much feel free to provide even more. To avoid various issues with accumulation errors, I'd prefer the function not require any kind of internal state. That is, I want it to be a real function, not a programming "function".

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  • How to pause and resume a game in XNA using the same key?

    - by user13095
    I'm attempting to implement a really simple game state system, this is my first game - trying to make a Tetris clone. I'd consider myself a novice programmer at best. I've been testing it out by drawing different textures to the screen depending on the current state. The 'Not Playing' state seems to work fine, I press Space and it changes to 'Playing', but when I press 'P' to pause or resume the game nothing happens. I tried checking current and previous keyboard states thinking it was happening to fast for me to see, but again nothing seemed to happen. If I change either the pause or resume, so they're both different, it works as intended. I'm clearly missing something obvious, or completely lacking some know-how in regards to how update and/or the keyboard states work. Here's what I have in my Update method at the moment: protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { KeyboardState CurrentKeyboardState = Keyboard.GetState(); // Allows the game to exit if (CurrentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Escape)) this.Exit(); // TODO: Add your update logic here if (CurrentGameState == GameStates.NotPlaying) { if (CurrentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Space)) CurrentGameState = GameStates.Playing; } if (CurrentGameState == GameStates.Playing) { if (CurrentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.P)) CurrentGameState = GameStates.Paused; } if (CurrentGameState == GameStates.Paused) { if (CurrentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.P)) CurrentGameState = GameStates.Playing; } base.Update(gameTime); }

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  • Should iOS games use a Timer?

    - by ????
    No matter what frameworks we use -- Core Graphics, Cocos2D, OpenGL ES -- to write games, should a timer be used (for games that has animation even when a user doesn't do any input, such as after firing a missile and waiting to see if the UFO is hit)? I read that NSTimer might not get fired until after scheduled time (interval), and CADisplayLink can delay and get fired at a later time as well, only that it tells you how late it is so you can move the object more, so it can make the object look like it skipped frame. Must we use a Timer? And if so, what is the best one to use?

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  • How do I implement a "sliding out of / into" effect on a settings menu similar to that in Angry Birds?

    - by VictorB
    I'm trying to implement a settings menu component similar to that in Angry Birds - a button control that makes an options menu slide out of it and back into it when clicked on. I use scene2d.ui to build the UI components: a Button in a Table to implement the button control, a Table to implement the options menu, and a Stack to lay these out one on top of the other and at this moment I have the following behavior: When the user hits the button control for the first time, then the alpha of the table component is set to 1; When the user hits the button control the second time, then the alpha of the table component is set to 0; And so on. Any ideas how I can get the sliding out of and into effect on user clicks with libgdx? Similar to what Angry Birds provides. Maybe using the TweenEngine, actions, interpolations, combinations of these? Thanks in advance.

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  • Frame rate on one of two machines running same code seems to be capped at 60 for no reason

    - by dennmat
    ISSUE I recently moved a project from my laptop to my desktop(machine info below). On my laptop the exact same code displays the fps(and ms/f) correctly. On my desktop it does not. What I mean by this is on the laptop it will display 300 fps(for example) where on my desktop it will show only up to 60. If I add 100 objects to the game on the laptop I'll see my frame rate drop accordingly; the same test on the desktop results in no change and the frames stay at 60. It takes a lot(~300) entities before I'll see a frame drop on the desktop, then it will descend. It seems as though its "theoretical" frames would be 400 or 500 but will never actually get to that and only do 60 until there's too much to handle at 60. This 60 frame cap is coming from no where. I'm not doing any frame limiting myself. It seems like something external is limiting my loop iterations on the desktop, but for the last couple days I've been scratching my head trying to figure out how to debug this. SETUPS Desktop: Visual Studio Express 2012 Windows 7 Ultimate 64-bit Laptop: Visual Studio Express 2010 Windows 7 Ultimate 64-bit The libraries(allegro, box2d) are the same versions on both setups. CODE Main Loop: while(!abort) { frameTime = al_get_time(); if (frameTime - lastTime >= 1.0) { lastFps = fps/(frameTime - lastTime); lastTime = frameTime; avgMspf = cumMspf/fps; cumMspf = 0.0; fps = 0; } /** DRAWING/UPDATE CODE **/ fps++; cumMspf += al_get_time() - frameTime; } Note: There is no blocking code in the loop at any point. Where I'm at My understanding of al_get_time() is that it can return different resolutions depending on the system. However the resolution is never worse than seconds, and the double is represented as [seconds].[finer-resolution] and seeing as I'm only checking for a whole second al_get_time() shouldn't be responsible. My project settings and compiler options are the same. And I promise its the same code on both machines. My googling really didn't help me much, and although technically it's not that big of a deal. I'd really like to figure this out or perhaps have it explained, whichever comes first. Even just an idea of how to go about figuring out possible causes, because I'm out of ideas. Any help at all is greatly appreciated.

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  • pointers to member functions in an event dispatcher

    - by derivative
    For the past few days I've been trying to come up with a robust event handling system for the game (using a component based entity system, C++, OpenGL) I've been toying with. class EventDispatcher { typedef void (*CallbackFunction)(Event* event); typedef std::unordered_map<TypeInfo, std::list<CallbackFunction>, hash_TypeInfo > TypeCallbacksMap; EventQueue* global_queue_; TypeCallbacksMap callbacks_; ... } global_queue_ is a pointer to a wrapper EventQueue of std::queue<Event*> where Event is a pure virtual class. For every type of event I want to handle, I create a new derived class of Event, e.g. SetPositionEvent. TypeInfo is a wrapper on type_info. When I initialize my data, I bind functions to events in an unordered_map using TypeInfo(typeid(Event)) as the key that corresponds to a std::list of function pointers. When an event is dispatched, I iterate over the list calling the functions on that event. Those functions then static_cast the event pointer to the actual event type, so the event dispatcher needs to know very little. The actual functions that are being bound are functions for my component managers. For instance, SetPositionEvent would be handled by void PositionManager::HandleSetPositionEvent(Event* event) { SetPositionEvent* s_p_event = static_cast<SetPositionEvent*>(event); ... } The problem I'm running into is that to store a pointer to this function, it has to be static (or so everything leads me to believe.) In a perfect world, I want to store pointers member functions of a component manager that is defined in a script or whatever. It looks like I can store the instance of the component manager as well, but the typedef for this function is no longer simple and I can't find an example of how to do it. Is there a way to store a pointer to a member function of a class (along with a class instance, or, I guess a pointer to a class instance)? Is there an easier way to address this problem?

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  • Make a basic running sprite effect

    - by PhaDaPhunk
    I'm building my very first game with XNA and i'm trying to get my sprite to run. Everything is working fine for the first sprite. E.g : if I go right(D) my sprite is looking right , if I go left(A) my sprite is looking left and if I don't touch anything my sprite is the default one. Now what I want to do is if the sprite goes Right, i want to alternatively change sprites (left leg, right leg, left leg etc..) xCurrent is the current sprite drawn xRunRight is the first running Sprite and xRunRight1 is the one that have to exchange with xRunRight while running right. This is what I have now : protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { float timer = 0f; float interval = 50f; bool frame1 = false ; bool frame2 = false; bool running = false; KeyboardState FaKeyboard = Keyboard.GetState(); // Allows the game to exit if (GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.One).Buttons.Back == ButtonState.Pressed) this.Exit(); if ((FaKeyboard.IsKeyUp(Keys.A)) || (FaKeyboard.IsKeyUp(Keys.D))) { xCurrent = xDefault; } if (FaKeyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.D)) { timer += (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalMilliseconds; if (timer > interval) { if (frame1) { xCurrent = xRunRight; frame1 = false; } else { xCurrent = xRunRight1; frame1 = true; } } xPosition += xDeplacement; } Any ideas...? I've been stuck on this for a while.. Thanks in advance and let me know if you need any other part from the code.

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  • Multiplayer approach for tablets on wi-fi (FPS/TPS)? Server authority, etc

    - by Fraggle
    Looking for some guidance or what has worked well for others in implementing a multiplayer FPS/TPS type game on tablets (probably just 2-6 players at a time). The main issue being that tablets/phones are typically "less" connected than say a console or pc might be. And therefore, my thought is that to have complete Server authority of everything is not going to work. But maybe I'm off base on that. So I guess I'm struggling with what (if anything) should happen on a central server and what should happen locally. Or is centralized approach even needed? Some approaches I might do: Player movement : my thought is to control this locally (player-owner) and update server with positon (which then sends out to other clients). Use client side prediction for opponent players so that connection loss will not show a plane for example stop in mid air. Server will send update and try to smoothly correct an opponent player position to server updated one.But don't update owners position on owners device from server. Powerups (health kit/ammo/coins/etc) : need to see them disappear immediately, so do it locally. Add the health locally, but perhaps allow for server correction. If server doesn't see player near that powerup, reject the powerup and adjust server health for player. Fire weapons: Have to see it happen right away, so fire locally, create local bullet and send on its way. Send rpc to server so that this player on other clients also fires. Hit detection: Get's trickier. Make bullet/projectile disappear locally, and perhaps perform local hit animations (shaking, whatever). non-authoritative approach= take the damage locally and send rpc to server or others to update health and inform of hit. Authoritative approach-Don't take the damage, or adjust health. Server will do that if it detects a hit. Anyway that's my current thought stream. Let me know what you think of the above or what has worked for you.

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  • What data-structure/algorithm will allow me to send a list of key/value dictionaries using the least amount of bits?

    - by user12365
    I have server objects that have corresponding client objects. The data to be kept in sync is inside the server object's key/value dictionary. To keep the client objects in sync with the sever objects, I want the server to send the key/value dictionary every frame for each object. What data-structure/algorithm will allow me to send a list of key/value dictionaries using the least amount of bits? Bonus constraint 1: For each type of object, the values of some keys change more often than others. Bonus constraint 2: Memory usage on the server side is relatively expensive.

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  • Complex event system for DungeonKeeper like game

    - by paul424
    I am working on opensource GPL3 game. http://opendungeons.sourceforge.net/ , new coders would be welcome. Now there's design question regarding Event System: We want to improve the game logic, that is program a new event system. I will just repost what's settled up already on http://forum.freegamedev.net/viewtopic.php?f=45&t=3033. From the discussion came the idea of the Publisher / Subscriber pattern + "domains": My current idea is to use the subscirbers / publishers model. Its similar to Observable pattern, but instead one subscribes to Events types, not Object's Events. For each Event would like to have both static and dynamic type. Static that is its's type would be resolved by belonging to the proper inherited class from Event. That is from Event we would have EventTile, EventCreature, EvenMapLoader, EventGameMap etc. From that there are of course subtypes like EventCreature would be EventKobold, EventKnight, EventTentacle etc. The listeners would collect the event from publishers, and send them subcribers , each of them would be a global singleton. The Listeners type hierachy would exactly mirror the type hierarchy of Events. In each constructor of Event type, the created instance would notify the proper listeners. That is when calling EventKnight the proper ctor would notify the Listeners : EventListener, CreatureLisener and KnightListener. The default action for an listner would be to notify all subscribers, but there would be some exceptions , like EventAttack would notify AttackListener which would dispatch event by the dynamic part ( that is the Creature pointer or hash). Any comments ? #include <vector> class Subscriber; class SubscriberAttack; class Event{ private: int foo; int bar; protected: // static std::vector<Publisher*> publishersList; static std::vector<Subscriber*> subscribersList; static std::vector<Event*> eventQueue; public: Event(){ eventQueue.push_back(this); } static int subscribe(Subscriber* ss); static int unsubscribe(Subscriber* ss); //static int reg_publisher(Publisher* pp); //static int unreg_publisher(Publisher* pp); }; // class Publisher{ // }; class Subscriber{ public: int (*newEvent) (Event* ee); Subscriber( ){ Event::subscribe(this); } Subscriber( int (*fp) (Event* ee) ):newEvent(fp){ Subscriber(); } ~Subscriber(){ Event::unsubscribe(this); } }; class EventAttack: Event{ private: int foo; int bar; protected: // static std::vector<Publisher*> publishersList; static std::vector<SubscriberAttack*> subscribersList; static std::vector<EventAttack*> eventQueue; public: EventAttack(){ eventQueue.push_back(this); } static int subscribe(SubscriberAttack* ss); static int unsubscribe(SubscriberAttack* ss); //static int reg_publisher(Publisher* pp); //static int unreg_publisher(Publisher* pp); }; class AttackSubscriber :Subscriber{ public: int (*newEvent) (EventAttack* ee); AttackSubscriber( ){ EventAttack::subscribe(this); } AttackSubscriber( int (*fp) (EventAttack* ee) ):newEventAttack(fp){ AttackSubscriber(); } ~AttackSubscriber(){ EventAttack::unsubscribe(this); } }; From that point, others wanted the Subject-Observer pattern, that is one would subscribe to all event types produced by particular object. That way it came out to add the domain system : Huh, to meet the ability to listen to particular game's object events, I though of introducing entity domains . Domains are trees, which nodes are labeled by unique names for each level. ( like the www addresses ). Each Entity wanting to participate in our event system ( that is be able to publish / produce events ) should at least now its domain name. That would end up in Player1/Room/Treasury/#24 or Player1/Creature/Kobold/#3 producing events. The subscriber picks some part of a tree. For example by specifiing subtree with the root in one of the nodes like Player1/Room/* ,would subscribe us to all Players1's room's event, and Player1/Creature/Kobold/#3 would subscribe to Players' third kobold's event. Does such event system make sense to you ? I have many implementation details to ask as well, but first let's start some general discussion. Note1: Notice that in the case of a fight between two creatues fight , the creature being attacked would have to throw an event, becuase it is HE/SHE/IT who have its domain address. So that would be BeingAttackedEvent() etc. I will edit that post if some other reflections on this would come out. Note2: the existing class hierarchy might be used to get the domains addresses being build in constructor . In a ctor you would just add + ."className" to domain address. If you are in a class'es hierarchy leaf constructor one might use nextID , hash or any other charactteristic, just to make the addresses distinguishable . Note3:subscribing to all entity's Events would require knowledge of all possible events produced by this entity . This could be done in one function call, but information on E produced would have to be handled for every Entity. SmartNote4 : Finding proper subscribers in a tree would be easy. One would start in particular Leaf for example Player1/Creature/Kobold/#3 and go up one parent a time , notifiying each Subscriber in a Node ie. : Player1/Creature/Kobold/* , Player1/Creature/* , Player1/* etc, , up to a root that is /* .<<<< Note5: The Event system was needed to have some way of incorporating Angelscript code into application. So the Event dispatcher was to be a gate to A-script functions. But it came out to this one.

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  • Black Screen on pressing back button in libgdx

    - by user26384
    In my game when i touch on advertisements and press back button to return on game the i am getting a black screen. I referred this link. I tried to change IosGraphics.java but the change is not reflected in monotouch project. I did the following : Extracted nightly.zip and opened gdx-backend-iosmonotouch-sources From there I changed IosGraphicsjava. I then made a new jar file gdx-backend-iosmonotouch.jar and replaced it with original jar file in the nightly folder. Compressed all the files from nightly folder in .zip file. Used this .zip file to make a new project throuch gdx-setup-ui.jar. I tried to open my project in monotouch and from com-gdx-backendios.dll i found that the changes in IosGraphics are not being reflected. Am I missing something? How do I solve this? I even tried to open gdx-backend-iosmonotouch-sources.jar with winrar and edit IosGraphics.java and save it. Even this didn't work.

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  • Input prediction and server re-simultaion

    - by Lope
    I have read plenty of articles about multiplayer principles and I have basic client-server system set up. There is however one thing I am not clear on. When player enters input, it is sent to the server and steps back in time to check if what should have happened at the time of that input and it resimulates the world again. So far everything's clear. All articles took shooting as an example, because it is easy to explain and it is pretty straightforward, but I believe movement is more complicated. Imagine following situation: 2 players move towards each other. A------<------B Player A stops halfway towards the collision point, but there is lag spike so the command does not arrive on the server for a second or so. Current state of the world on the server (and on the other clients as well) at the time when input arrives is this: [1]: -------AB------- The command arrives and we go back in time and re-simulate the world, the result is this: [2]: ---AB----------- Player A sees situation [2] which is correct, but the player is suddenly teleported from the position in [1] (center) to the position in [2]. Is this how this is supposed to work? Point of the client prediction is to give lagged player feeling that everything is smooth, not to ruin experience for other players. Alternative is to discard timestamp on the player's input and handle it when it arrives on the server without going back in time. This, however, creates even more severe problems for lagged player (even if he is lagging just a bit)

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