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• I am under DDoS. What can I do?

  - by Falcon Momot

  This is a Canonical Question about DoS and DDoS mitigation. I found a massive traffic spike on a website that I host today; I am getting thousands of connections a second and I see I'm using all 100Mbps of my available bandwidth. Nobody can access my site because all the requests time out, and I can't even log into the server because SSH times out too! This has happened a couple times before, and each time it's lasted a couple hours and gone away on its own. Occasionally, my website has another distinct but related problem: my server's load average (which is usually around .25) rockets up to 20 or more and nobody can access my site just the same as the other case. It also goes away after a few hours. Restarting my server doesn't help; what can I do to make my site accessible again, and what is happening? Relatedly, I found once that for a day or two, every time I started my service, it got a connection from a particular IP address and then crashed. As soon as I started it up again, this happened again and it crashed again. How is that similar, and what can I do about it?

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• Very uneven CPU utilization with SQL Server 2012 on 2 processor computer with 16 cores / processor

  - by cooplarsh

  After installing SQL Server Enterprise 2012 with the Server + Cal license model, on a computer with 2 processors each with 16 cores (and no hyperthreading involved) and putting the server under extremely heavy load the 16 cores on the first processor were very underutilized, the first 4 cores on the 2nd CPU were heavily utilized, and the last 12 cores were not used at all (because of the 20 core limit for this sql server version). Total CPU utilization was displaying as around 25%. Unfortunately, the server suffered from extremely poor performance even though if the tasks were evenly distributed across the 20 cores it wouldn't have been anywhere near as bad. The Windows Server was running on a VMWare virtual image under ESX Server, but all of the CPU was allocated to the windows server. We tried changing affinity settings (e.g., allocating most cores to CPU and the others to I/O), but that didn't help solve the performance problems. Upgrading the product edition to SQL Server Enterprise Core 2012 not only allowed the SQL Server to utilize the 12 previously unused cores on the 2nd processor, but it also resulted in a much more even distribution of tasks across all of the processors. To get through the backlog of requests cpU utilization jumped to around 90%, and then came down to around 33% once it was caught up, but performance improved dramatically since we failed over to the newly updated version And the performance issues went away. I was wondering if anyone knows what might cause SQL Server to unevenly distribute the load, relying almost exclusively on the first 4 cores of the 2nd processor that had 12 cores idle, and allocate only a few tasks to each of the 16 cores on the first processor. Also, is there any way we could have more evenly distributed the load across the 20 cores that were being used without the product edition upgrade? The flip side of that question is what did the product upgrade do that caused SQL Server to start evenly distributing the load across all of the cores that it recognized? Thanks to any insight to answer these questions and/or links that might help me better understand how to make sense of what was happenings.

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• FastCGI and Apache 500 error intermittently

  - by benkorn1

  I have a FastCGI (mod_fastcgi)problem. It happens every once in a while, and does not casue a complete server meltdown, just 500 errors. Here are a couple things. First I am using APC so PHP is in control of it's own processes, not FastCGI. Also, I have the webroot set as: /var/www/html And the fcgi-bin inside: /var/www/html/fcgi-bin First off here is the apache error_log: [Fri Jan 07 10:22:39 2011] [error] [client 50.16.222.82] (4)Interrupted system call: FastCGI: comm with server "/var/www/html/fcgi-bin/php.fcgi" aborted: select() failed, referer: http://www.domain.com/ I also ran strace on the 'fcgi-pm' process. Here is a snip from the trace around the time it bombs out: 21725 gettimeofday({1294420603, 14360}, NULL) = 0 21725 read(14, "C /var/www/html/fcgi-bin/php.fcgi - - 6503 38*", 16384) = 46 21725 alarm(131) = 0 21725 select(15, [14], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [14]) 21725 alarm(0) = 131 21725 gettimeofday({1294420603, 96595}, NULL) = 0 21725 read(14, "C /var/www/html/fcgi-bin/php.fcgi - - 6154 23*C /var/www/html/fcgi-bin/php.fcgi - - 6483 28*", 16384) = 92 21725 alarm(131) = 0 21725 select(15, [14], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [14]) 21725 alarm(0) = 131 21725 gettimeofday({1294420603, 270744}, NULL) = 0 21725 read(14, "C /var/www/html/fcgi-bin/php.fcgi - - 5741 38*", 16384) = 46 21725 alarm(131) = 0 21725 select(15, [14], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [14]) 21725 alarm(0) = 131 21725 gettimeofday({1294420603, 311502}, NULL) = 0 21725 read(14, "C /var/www/html/fcgi-bin/php.fcgi - - 6064 32*", 16384) = 46 21725 alarm(131) = 0 21725 select(15, [14], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [14]) 21725 alarm(0) = 131 21725 gettimeofday({1294420603, 365598}, NULL) = 0 21725 read(14, "C /var/www/html/fcgi-bin/php.fcgi - - 6179 33*C /var/www/html/fcgi-bin/php.fcgi - - 5906 59*", 16384) = 92 21725 alarm(131) = 0 21725 select(15, [14], NULL, NULL, NULL) = 1 (in [14]) 21725 alarm(0) = 131 21725 gettimeofday({1294420603, 454405}, NULL) = 0 I noticed that the 'select()' seems to stay the same regardless, however the read() changes its return from 46 to some other number while it is bombing out. Has anyone seen anything like this. Could this be some sort of file locking? Thanks, Ben

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• 3 Servers, is this is a cluster?

  - by Andy Barlow

  Hello, At the moment I have one Ubuntu server, 9.10, running with a simple Samba share, a mail server, DNS server and DHCP server. Mostly its just there for file sharing and email server. I also have 2 other servers that are exactly the same hardware and spec as the first, which have an rsync set up to retrieve the shared folders and backs them up. However, if the first server goes down, all of our shares disappear along with our mail and the system must be rebuilt. Also I tend to find if people are downloading a large amount from the file server, no-one can access there emails - especially in the morning when everyone is signing in at once. Would it be more beneficial for me to have all 3 servers, all running the same services, doing the same thing with some sort of cluster with load balancing? I'm not really sure where to begin looking, or how to go about such a setup where 3 servers are all identical, but perhaps one acts as the main load balancer?? If someone can point me in the right direction, or if this simply sounds like one of those Enterprise Cloud's that is now a default setup in Ubuntu Server 9.10+, then I'll go down that route. Cheers in advance. Andy

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• How do I stop mail.app and its nag screen from opening upon login in OS X if I don't use it

  - by user26453

  Currently whenever I start OS X (10.6.2), mail.app starts up with a "Welcome to Mail" dialog, asking me to create an account by inputting name, email address, and password. If I cancel this dialog, the app just hangs and I have to force quit it. I do not use the mail.app and I do not want it to start up with OS X. I have checked the login items and it is NOT present in the login items list for my account. I have also ctrl+clicked the doc icon that appears and confirmed there is no option enabled for "Run at Login". If I go ahead and just spam continue through the dialogs for a new account, I can get through to actually using Mail and accessing preferences. I cannot find a startup option in Mail preferences. After I have completed this, if I now restart, Mail does NOT open automatically. However as soon as I delete the account that I created, it once again goes back to popping up a "Welcome to Mail" dialog every time I startup and login. As best as I can tell, it seems OS X checks if an account exists in the Mail app, and if it does not, it will always start up a "Welcome to Mail" dialog on login, regardless if the Mail app is set to run via login items, etc. This is incredibly frustrating given I have no intention of using the Mail app. I realize I can easily leave account info in there (perhaps even disable the account via preferences), but this behavior is ridiculous. ajgs

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• setting up git on cygwin - openssl

  - by user23020

  I'm trying to get git running in cygwin on a windows 7 machine I have git unpacked and the directory git-1.7.1.1 when i run make install from within that directory, I get CC fast-import.o In file included from builtin.h:4, from fast-import.c:147: git-compat-util.h:136:19: iconv.h: No such file or directory git-compat-util.h:140:25: openssl/ssl.h: No such file or directory git-compat-util.h:141:25: openssl/err.h: No such file or directory In file included from builtin.h:6, from fast-import.c:147: cache.h:9:21: openssl/sha.h: No such file or directory In file included from fast-import.c:156: csum-file.h:10: error: parse error before "SHA_CTX" csum-file.h:10: warning: no semicolon at end of struct or union csum-file.h:15: error: 'crc32' redeclared as different kind of symbol /usr/include/zlib.h:1285: error: previous declaration of 'crc32' was here csum-file.h:15: error: 'crc32' redeclared as different kind of symbol /usr/include/zlib.h:1285: error: previous declaration of 'crc32' was here csum-file.h:17: error: parse error before '}' token fast-import.c: In function `store_object': fast-import.c:995: error: `SHA_CTX' undeclared (first use in this function) fast-import.c:995: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once fast-import.c:995: error: for each function it appears in.) fast-import.c:995: error: parse error before "c" fast-import.c:1000: warning: implicit declaration of function `SHA1_Init' fast-import.c:1000: error: `c' undeclared (first use in this function) fast-import.c:1001: warning: implicit declaration of function `SHA1_Update' fast-import.c:1003: warning: implicit declaration of function `SHA1_Final' fast-import.c: At top level: fast-import.c:1118: error: parse error before "SHA_CTX" fast-import.c: In function `truncate_pack': fast-import.c:1120: error: `to' undeclared (first use in this function) fast-import.c:1126: error: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type fast-import.c:1127: error: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type fast-import.c:1128: error: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type fast-import.c:1128: error: `ctx' undeclared (first use in this function) fast-import.c: In function `stream_blob': fast-import.c:1140: error: `SHA_CTX' undeclared (first use in this function) fast-import.c:1140: error: parse error before "c" fast-import.c:1154: error: `pack_file_ctx' undeclared (first use in this functio n) fast-import.c:1154: error: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type fast-import.c:1160: error: `c' undeclared (first use in this function) make: *** [fast-import.o] Error 1 I'm guessing that most of these errors are due to the iconv.h and openssl files which apparently are missing, but I can't figure out how I'm supposed to install those (if I am), or if there is some other way to get around this.

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• I need scanning software to use with my scanner.

  - by D Connors

  So, I got this (HP F4280) printer/scanner about a year ago, and I'm really happy with it. The only thing is that I never really liked the HP scanning software that came with it. A few months ago I reformatted and reinstalled windows 7. Then, once I plugged in the printer, I noticed that windows recognized it automatically, and offered to install all the drivers by itself. So instead of manually installing the driver that came in the CD, I simply let windows automatically install it from its servers, and so far it's great. Instead of HP's scanning software (that really wasn't pleasing me), I got a very simplified interface that is more than enough for my ocasional scanning habits. Until today. Today I had to scan a bunch of old pictures for my father. And that simple interface felt like it was lacking quite a few features to make this repetitive task a little easier. And that's why I'm now looking for a good software to use for scanning. By "good" I mean anything well thought out, and specially anything that will make my life easier when repetitive-scanning. It doesn't need to have professional tweaking options, but having them is not a problem either. You guys got anything?

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• Pure Terminal Server 2003 system hangs

  - by Donovan

  System Profile: IBM Server hardware Windows Ent Server 2003 running terminal services. No Citrix. Max user load: 30 Symptoms: While in the course of normal operation our terminal server will hang up. As far as I can tell there isn't any trigger that's plainly visible yet. The way in witch it hangs may give a clue though. The hang presents its self by users not being able to initiate any new processes. All processes currently loaded into memory work just fine. Example: outlook 2007. You may continue to read email, operate the client and such. Some people don't even realize the hang has occurred for a bit of time. My attempts to troubleshoot have been futile. Reacting to the hang does no good because I can't start any new processes to investigate. After I reboot the server my next instinct would be to begin logging to catch the hang occurring but I'm not sure what to log. Right now I'm attempting to keep process explorer running in case the issue occurs again. Sometimes it happens twice a day, other times, once a week. Anyone have any ideas on how I could set myself up for better success in tracking this problem down? Thanks, Donovan

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• How to run a website domain without redirecting if IP is already used for another website? [duplicate]

  - by SSpoke

  This question already has an answer here: Hosting multiple distinct folders for distinct domains 1 answer I bought a VPS Host that gave me only 1 IP Address which I used on my first domain name and it works without any problems. Now my second domain name I can't use the same ip address as it points to the first domain name. So I figured my only option was to use a GoDaddy hosted iframe redirection which redirects to a sub folder on my first domain which worked so far. Now I'm trying to load paypal from <?php headers() ?> and I get a permission error because of that iframe Refused to display 'https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?notify_url=&cmd=_cart&upload=1&business=removed&address_override=1' in a frame because it set 'X-Frame-Options' to 'SAMEORIGIN'. How do I avoid the Iframe solution for my second domain while not messing up my first domain? Somebody I forgot once told me it doesn't matter if you have 1 IP Address you could host multiple websites on it? how it that possible the DNS doesn't seem to work off ports afaik, yes I could host multiple websites on different folders but that's not what I call hosting a real website it has to be pointed by a domain name, so this iframe issue doesn't happen My server configuration is httpd (apache) that comes with CentOS 6 (Linux) operating system

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• NVidia Graphic Card troubleshooting

  - by Berry Langerak

  My dad has a HP pavilion laptop, which is over 6 years old. It contains an onboard graphic card, a NVidia GeForce 8400M GS. Since a week or two, he's getting BSOD in Windows Vista. Also, the screen was acting up; strange lines and figures keep creeping up, but only once in a while -- not always. Thinking that it might be the drivers he had recently upgraded, I decided to downgrade the driver, with no luck at all. I then continued to deinstall the driver, and reinstalling the current stable version, but alas, to no prevail. Windows kept crashing during the course of the last two weeks, and thinking it might be Windows breaking up, I decided to upgrade his Vista installation to Windows 7, as I've been hearing good things about it. Alas, even that didn't help, and it seems the strange lines and figures keep popping up. I've opened the laptop itself, thinking it might simply be overheating because of clogging in the vents, but that's not the case, it's clean as a whistle. Now for the actual question; does anyone have a decent flowchart on how to troubleshoot such issues? It might well be the videocard itself, as the strange lines and figures sometimes even appear during BIOS and POST, but I'm not sure.

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• memcache fast-cgi php apache 2.2 windows 7 creating problems

  - by Ahmad

  hi, i am trying to run memcache, fast-cgi with apache 2.2 + php on a windows 7 machine. if i dont use memcache everything works fine. the moment i disable extension=php_memcache.dll in php.ini everything returns to normal. once i start apache, the apache logs say: [Wed Jan 12 18:19:23 2011] [notice] Apache/2.2.17 (Win32) mod_fcgid/2.3.6 configured -- resuming normal operations [Wed Jan 12 18:19:23 2011] [notice] Server built: Oct 18 2010 01:58:12 [Wed Jan 12 18:19:23 2011] [notice] Parent: Created child process 412 [Wed Jan 12 18:19:23 2011] [notice] Child 412: Child process is running [Wed Jan 12 18:19:23 2011] [notice] Child 412: Acquired the start mutex. [Wed Jan 12 18:19:23 2011] [notice] Child 412: Starting 64 worker threads. [Wed Jan 12 18:19:23 2011] [notice] Child 412: Starting thread to listen on port 80. and after accessing the page [the page just has echo phpinfo()]. i get this error in the error.log [Wed Jan 12 18:20:54 2011] [warn] [client 127.0.0.1] (OS 109)The pipe has been ended. : mod_fcgid: get overlap result error [Wed Jan 12 18:20:54 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] Premature end of script headers: index.php i have php_memcache.dll in my ext directory and httpd.conf is like this: LoadModule fcgid_module modules/mod_fcgid.so FcgidInitialEnv PHPRC "c:/php" FcgidInitialEnv PATH "c:/php;C:/WINDOWS/system32;C:/WINDOWS;C:/WINDOWS/System32/Wbem;" FcgidInitialEnv SystemRoot "C:/Windows" FcgidInitialEnv SystemDrive "C:" FcgidInitialEnv TEMP "C:/WINDOWS/Temp" FcgidInitialEnv TMP "C:/WINDOWS/Temp" FcgidInitialEnv windir "C:/WINDOWS" FcgidIOTimeout 64 FcgidConnectTimeout 32 FcgidMaxRequestsPerProcess 500 <Files ~ "\.php$>" AddHandler fcgid-script .php FcgidWrapper "c:/php/php-cgi.exe" .php </Files> so the problem has to be related to memcache coz if i disable it, fast-cgi seems to be working fine. any possible reasons for this?? the memcache service is running.. i can check it through control panel-services

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• COPSSH RSA only authentication connection problem

  - by Siriss

  Hello all- I am trying to setup an RSA Authentication only SSH/SFTP server. The SSH will be used primarily for RDC. Everything works just fine if I use password authentication. I am using Putty Key Generator to create he keys and I have pasted the key into authorized_keys file and restarted the OpenSSH server. I am using FileZilla to test the SFTP connection as that is the most important. For my tests I have created the keys without password correction. It will not work with a standard SSH connection either. It says "Server refused our key". I have recreated the key twice double checking with a guide on google, and I am pretty sure I did it correctly. I load the key file into FileZilla under settings/SFTP and try to connect and I get the following error: Disconnected: No supported authentication methods available. I have been playing with the different settings all night and I cannot figure it out. Here is my sshd_config file: # $OpenBSD: sshd_config,v 1.80 2008/07/02 02:24:18 djm Exp $ # This is the sshd server system-wide configuration file. See # sshd_config(5) for more information. # This sshd was compiled with PATH=/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin # The strategy used for options in the default sshd_config shipped with # OpenSSH is to specify options with their default value where # possible, but leave them commented. Uncommented options change a # default value. #Port 22 #AddressFamily any #ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 #ListenAddress :: # Disable legacy (protocol version 1) support in the server for new # installations. In future the default will change to require explicit # activation of protocol 1 Protocol 2 # HostKey for protocol version 1 #HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key # HostKeys for protocol version 2 #HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key #HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key # Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key #KeyRegenerationInterval 1h #ServerKeyBits 1024 # Logging # obsoletes QuietMode and FascistLogging #SyslogFacility AUTH #LogLevel INFO # Authentication: #LoginGraceTime 2m PermitRootLogin no #StrictModes yes #MaxAuthTries 6 #MaxSessions 10 RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys # For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts RhostsRSAAuthentication no # similar for protocol version 2 #HostbasedAuthentication no # Change to yes if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for # RhostsRSAAuthentication and HostbasedAuthentication #IgnoreUserKnownHosts no # Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files #IgnoreRhosts yes # To disable tunneled clear text passwords, change to no here! PasswordAuthentication no PermitEmptyPasswords no # Change to no to disable s/key passwords #ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes # Kerberos options #KerberosAuthentication no #KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes #KerberosTicketCleanup yes #KerberosGetAFSToken no # GSSAPI options #GSSAPIAuthentication no #GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes # Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing, # and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will # be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and # PasswordAuthentication. Depending on your PAM configuration, # PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass # the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password". # If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without # PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication # and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'. UsePAM no #AllowAgentForwarding yes #AllowTcpForwarding yes #GatewayPorts no #X11Forwarding no #X11DisplayOffset 10 #X11UseLocalhost yes #PrintMotd yes #PrintLastLog yes #TCPKeepAlive yes UseLogin no #UsePrivilegeSeparation yes #PermitUserEnvironment no #Compression delayed #ClientAliveInterval 0 #ClientAliveCountMax 3 #UseDNS yes #PidFile /var/run/sshd.pid #MaxStartups 10 #PermitTunnel no #ChrootDirectory none # no default banner path #Banner none # override default of no subsystems Subsystem sftp /bin/sftp-server # Example of overriding settings on a per-user basis #Match User anoncvs # X11Forwarding no # AllowTcpForwarding no # ForceCommand cvs server Thank you so much for your help!

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• What do I need to do to set my computer as Default Gateway?

  - by Vaibhav

  We are trying to put together a box with dual LAN cards (let's say Outer and Inner), where the Inner LAN card is supposed to act as a default gateway on the network it is connected to. This box is running Ubuntu. The basic purpose for this box is to take messages generated on the inner network, do some work with them and forward them out the Outer LAN card to a server. The inner network is completely isolated with simply a regular switch connecting the Inner LAN Card with two other boxes. These other boxes either throw out multi-cast messages (which the Inner LAN Card is listening to), or send out unicast messages meant for the server which is not on this inner network. So, we need the Inner LAN Card to act as a default gateway, where these unicast messages will then be sent, and the code on the dual-LAN Card box can then intercept and forward these messages to the server. Question: 1. How do we setup the LAN Card to be default gateway (does it need some configuration on Ubuntu)? 2. Once we have this setup, is it a simple matter of listening to the interface to intercept the incoming messages? Any help (pointers in the right direction) is appreciated. Thanks.

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• How do I make ESXi 5.0 to shutdown virtual machines when the physical power button is pushed?

  - by Pawel Sawicki

  I have a home NAS/DLNA server built out of an HP Micro Server with the HP branded VMware ESXi 5.0.0 build-623860 (free license) installed. Being a home media center I'd like it to be "manageable" by all my household members. This requires that it needs to be powered on an off (including all the VMs inside) by anybody with the physical access to the server by simply pressing the power button on the chassis. The "startup" part is easy to obtain - all I had to do was to configure the startup/shutdown policy: Once the server powers up, all VMs start as well and that's exactly what I need. Well.. it did work up until 5.0.0U1, but that's a different story: http://blogs.vmware.com/vsphere/2012/03/free-esxi-hypervisor-auto-start-breaks-with-50-update-1.html Unfortunately, pressing the power button doesn't gracefully shutdown the guest machines - they are terminated instead. If I run the "shut down" command from the vSphere Client interface guests are powered off. I'd like to get the same end result when the physical power button is switched. I've poked around a bit on the ESXi server. There's a "/sbin/shutdown.sh" script that seemed to do exactly what I need... but after trying it does exactly what the power off button. The "/etc/inittab" contains an entry for the "shutdown" level but I suppose it's not hooked to the power button. I can't find any acpi related configuration, neither do I know what exactly is executed when the power button is pressed. Does anybody have a clue how can I make the VMs shutdown automatically when the physical power switch is pressed to turn of the computer?

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• Blu-ray BD-R: Would you physically store it in a CaseLogic Wallet pocket?

  - by Rob

  I keep several backup copies of my material and files. For my DVDs, one set of copies is kept in a CaseLogic wallet folder pack, so that I can easily move this around when visiting friends, family or for business. This is highly convenient. The other sets are kept in their jewel cases in hard plastic see thru storage boxes. Although CaseLogic wallet material is designed to be abrasion free, their caveat is that external dust will be the cause of any blemishes. If hard dust gets in these pockets, which is inevitable, this will occasionally cause light hair like scratches on the disc surface as the discs are removed and returned for access to their contents. This is of no consequence as the laser and error correction can more than cope with this. I'm aware that the blu-ray spec requires anti-scratch in disc surfaces but was wondering that, given the smaller pits, would dust and light scratches from wallet storage cause more problems with blu-rays than they would with DVDs? I'm using Blu-ray BD-R and BD-R DL write once media.

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• Run command remotely on Windows computer from C#

  - by Bilal Aslam

  I have a Windows Server 2008 instance on Amazon EC2 (Amazon's cloud compute platform, which provides VMs in the cloud). It has an external IP, and I have an admin account on the box. I would like to 'bootstrap' this instance remotely i.e. I want to run commands to download, install and configure apps on it, all without having to log on even once. Also, I cannot use psexec on the source computer. I have figured out how to do this to a remote, domain-joined computer using WMI. However, I have NOT been able to do for a remote computer on EC2. Here are some specific restrictions: 1) The remote computer is not part of my domain, hence no Kerberos 2) The remote computer does not have a cert I trust, or vice versa I am sure I am running into to some auth/trust restriction. Is there any way I can run a single command on the remote, given that I have admin privileges? I'm not tied down to using WMI, but I do need to run a command somehow. Feels like this should be a solved problem.

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• DPM 2007 clashing with existing SQL backup job

  - by Paul D'Ambra

  I've recently installed a DPM2007 server on Server 2003 and have set up a protection group against a server 2003 server running SQL 2005 SP3. The SQL server in question has a full backup (as a sql agent job) once a day and transaction log backups hourly. These are zipped up and FTP'd to a server offsite by a scheduled task. Since adding the DPM job I'm receiving many error messages: DPM tried to do a SQL log backup, either as part of a backup job or a recovery to latest point in time job. The SQL log backup job has detected a discontinuity in the SQL log chain for database SERVER_NAME\DB_Name since the last backup. All incremental backup jobs will fail until an express full backup runs. My google-fu suggests that I need to change the full backup my sqlagent job is running to a copy_only job. But I think this means that I can't use that backup with the transaction_logs to restore the database if the building (including the DPM server) burns down. I'm sure I'm missing something obvious and thought I'd see what the hivemind suggests. It is an option to set-up a co-located DPM server elsewhere and have DPM stream the backup but that's obviously more expensive than the current set up. Many thanks in advance

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• Configuration Help for Sendmail Required

  - by Vinayak Mahadevan

  Hi I need some help with respect to sendmail configuration. The basic problem is that I have some employees working from other places and they need access to their mail. So what I have done right now is whatever mails which are meant for them which are generated from within the company and collected by my internal mail server is bounced to an external mail server from where the employees access it. This is done through a email id on a different domain. This was working fine till I restricted the external mailing access for certain users using rulesets in sendmail.cf. Once I had put that in place only people who had external mailing rights could send mails to people outside the office. What I would like to know is that is there anyway where I can expose sendmail on two different ips and thereby configure everybody's email id to point to the same internal mail server using 2 different ips. one ip when inside the company and one ip outside the company. Is it possible that I have one static ip configured for both internal access and external access or is there any otherway it can be done with sendmail. Can anybody help me Sorry for the long post Regards Vinayak

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• Lenovo L440 won't boot into Debian installation CD or Debian-installed HDD

  - by Spencer B Liberto

  I have a Lenovo L440 and a Lenovo X61. I want to install Debian Wheezy on thee L440. This morning, the L440 could successfully boot into Windows 8 from it's hard drive. I created an installation of Wheezy on a USB flash drive with Unetbootin. I created an installation CD of Wheezy with Unetbootin. The X61 can successfully boot into the flash drive. The X61 does not have a CD drive. I have attempted to boot from the live CD and the flash drive from the L440's boot menu. In both cases, the screen fades to black, and then returns me to the boot menu with no error message. I removed the L440's hard drive, and installed it in the X61. I then successfully installed Wheezy onto the hard drive from the flash drive. I'm able to boot into the Wheezy hard drive on the L440. After replacing the hard drive into the L440. I booted from the hard drive from the boot menu. Once again, the screen fades to black, and then returns me to the boot menu with no error message. What's the deal?

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• Deployment and Ownership issues

  - by kylemac

  As an extreme newbie, I am having difficulty managing ownership and permissions on my first box. What I can't figure out is how to deploy using one user, we will call him deploy and operate my php application with www-data user. Currently as it stands, I know my server runs as www-data through this function <?php echo(exec("whoami")); ?> but I am having to chown between deploy and www-data every time I deploy. There has got to be an easier way to deploy with one user and still run as www-data. EDIT: Here is the output from ls- l on the folder in question. You will see user deploy and group www-pub, the group is from an attempt to add the two different users to a new group and chown one of them in the hopes that they both would have the permissions (newb alert) drwxrwxr-x 4 deploy www-pub 4096 Mar 7 01:41 example.com I am using capistrano for deployment under the user deploy then once its done i chown to www-data, otherwise I can't use php to manipulate files. I am also unsure how to even change which user apache is running.

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• Using our own certificate authority for business email encryption

  - by LumenAlbum

  I've read the available similar questions on serverfault but I haven't quite found a definite answer to the security aspect of it - hence here's my question: I'm administrator of an office working with tax data and we want to start using certificate-based eMail encryption with our clients. Considering the prices for issued certificates by VeriSign & Co I was wondering if we couldn't issue the necessary certificates with a certificate authority of our own. I realize that they do not offer the trust hierarchy that commercial certificates do but I don't see why we would need that. Most of our clients have small businesses and only 20% of them even exchange data with us via email. So if we were to issue certificates for those 20% and our employees, that would enable us to use encrypted emails. Of course they would have to trust our certificate authority and thus once receive our public root certificate. But if we would hand them out to them (or install it) personally, they'd know that it really is our certificate. Is thery a huge security risk that I am missing here? As long as nobody has access to our certificate authority server nobody should be able to interfere with security, right? And the client certificates would be generated and handed out by us, as well... Please advise me if I am making an error in judgement here and thank you in advance.

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• Monitoring outgoing messages using EXIM

  - by dashmug

  I work as an IT guy in a law firm. I am recently asked to make a system wherein all the outgoing emails coming from our server to our clients will be put on hold first and wait for approval before it gets sent to the client. Our mail server uses Exim (that's what it says in cPanel). I am planning to create filters where the outgoing emails will be forwarded to an editor account. Then, the editor will review and edit the contents of the email. When the editor already approves the email, it will then get sent to the client by the editor but still using the original sender in the "From:" and "Reply-To:" field. I found some pointers from this site = http://www.devco.net/archives/2006/03/24/saving_copies_of_all_email_using_exim.php. Once the filters are in place, I want to make a simple PHP interface for the editor to check the forwarded emails and edit them if necessary. The editor can then click on an "Approve" button that will finally deliver the message using the original sender. I'm also thinking that maybe a PHP-less system will be enough. The editor can receive the emails from his own email client edit them and simply send the email as if he is the original sender. Is my plan feasible? Will there be issues that I have overlooked? Does it have the danger of being treated as spam by the other mailservers since I'll be messing up the headers?

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• Advanced Linux file permission question (ownership change during write operation)

  - by Kent

  By default the umask is 0022: usera@cmp$ touch somefile; ls -l total 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 usera usera 0 2009-09-22 22:30 somefile The directory /home/shared/ is meant for shared files and should be owned by root and the shared group. Files created here by usern (any user) are automatically owned by the shared group. There is a cron-job taking care of changing owning user and owning group (of any moved files) once per day: usera@cmp$ cat /etc/cron.daily/sharedscript #!/bin/bash chown -R root:shared /home/shared/ chmod -R 770 /home/shared/ I was writing a really large file to the shared directory. It had me (usera) as owning user and the shared group as group owner. During the write operation the cron job was run, and I still had no problem completing the write process. You see. I thought this would happen: I am writing the file. The file permissions and ownership data for the file looks like this: -rw-r--r-- usera shared The cron job kicks in! The chown line is processed and now the file is owned by the root user and the shared group. As the owning group only has read access to the file I get a file write error! Boom! End of story. Why did the operation succeed? A link to some kind of reference documentation to back up the reason would be very welcome (as I could use it to study more details).

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• Mac: window manager frozen, have ssh access

  - by Bernd

  I have a Mac which regularly runs into a problem. The user interface stops reponding, showing a "frozen" user interface. The mouse is still moving but clicking does not trigger anything. This happens about once a week. Solution so far is to force switch-off the Mac and reboot it. I have ssh root access to the Mac. Killing (kill -9) the active application has no visible impact on what is shown on the screen. Any ideas on how to diagnose this? Is there a way to restart the window manager from the ssh shell? Killing /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Frameworks/CoreGraphics.framework/Resources/WindowServer seems not to be possible. The Mac is an early 2008 iMac and runs Lion with latest updates. /Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports is empty. Update: Problem stays after update to Mountain Lion. The WindowServer process is in "uninterruptible wait" state ("U" flag in ps output set): imac:~ root# ps ax|awk "NR==1|| /WindowServer/"|grep -v awk PID TT STAT TIME COMMAND 86 ?? Us 50:51.69 /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Frameworks/CoreGraphics.framework/Resources/WindowServer -daemon Any idea for diagnosing what blocks the process? Any idea for "waking up" the process?

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• Is encryption really needed for having network security? [closed]

  - by Cawas

  I welcome better key-wording here, both on tags and title. I'm trying to conceive a free, open and secure network environment that would work anywhere, from big enterprises to small home networks of just 1 machine. I think since wireless Access Points are the most, if not only, true weak point of a Local Area Network (let's not consider every other security aspect of having internet) there would be basically two points to consider here: Having an open AP for anyone to use the internet through Leaving the whole LAN also open for guests to be able to easily read (only) files on it, and even a place to drop files on Considering these two aspects, once everything is done properly... What's the most secure option between having that, or having just an encrypted password-protected wifi? Of course "both" would seem "more secure". But it shouldn't actually be anything substantial. I've always had the feeling using any kind of the so called "wireless security" methods is actually a bad design. I'm talking mostly about encrypting and pass-phrasing (which are actually two different concepts), since I won't even consider hiding SSID and mac filtering. I understand it's a natural way of thinking. With cable networking nobody can access the network unless they have access to the physical cable, so you're "secure" in the physical way. In a way, encrypting is for wireless what building walls is for the cables. And giving pass-phrases would be adding a door with a key. So, what do you think?

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