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  • Design patterns and interview question

    - by user160758
    When I was learning to code, I read up on the design patterns like a good boy. Long after this, I started to actually understand them. Design discussions such as those on this site constantly try to make the rules more and more general, which is good. But there is a line, over which it becomes over-analysis starts to feed off itself and as such I think begins to obfuscate the original point - for example the "What's Alternative to Singleton" post and the links contained therein. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1300655/whats-alternative-to-singleton I say this having been asked in both interviews I’ve had over the last 2 weeks what a singleton is and what criticisms I have of it. I have used it a few times for items such as user data (simple key-value eg. last file opened by this user) and logging (very common i'm sure). I've never ever used it just to have what is essentially global application data, as this is clearly stupid. In the first interview, I reply that I have no criticisms of it. He seemed disappointed by this but as the job wasn’t really for me, I forgot about it. In the next one, I was asked again and, as I wanted this job, I thought about it on the spot and made some objections, similar to those contained in the post linked to above (I suggested use of a factory or dependency injection instead). He seemed happy with this. But my problem is that I have used the singleton without ever using it in this kind of stupid way, which I had to describe on the spot. Using it for global data and the like isn’t something I did then realised was stupid, or read was stupid so didn’t do, it was just something I knew was stupid from the start. Essentially I’m supposed to be able to think of ways of how to misuse a pattern in the interview? Which class of programmers can best answer this question? The best ones? The medium ones? I'm not sure.... And these were both bright guys. I read more than enough to get better at my job but had never actually bothered to seek out criticisms of the most simple of the design patterns like this one. Do people think such questions are valid and that I ought to know the objections off by heart? Or that it is reasonable to be able to work out what other people who are missing the point would do on the fly? Or do you think I’m at least partially right that the question is too unsubtle and that the questions ought to be better thought out in order to make sure only good candidates can answer. PS. Please don’t think I’m saying that I’m just so clever that I know everything automatically - I’ve learnt the hard way like everyone else. But avoiding global data is hardly revolutionary.

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  • Singletons and other design issues

    - by Ahmed Saleh
    I have worked using different languages like C++/Java and currently AS3. Most applications were computer vision, and small 2D computer games. Most companies that I have worked for, they use Singletons in a language like AS3, to retrieve elements or classes in an easy way. Their problem is basically they needs some variables or to call other functions from other classes. In a language like AS3, there is no private constructor, and they write a hacky code to prevent new instances. In Java and C++ I also faced the situation that I need to use other classe's members or to call their functions in different classes. The question is, is there a better or another design, to let other classes interact with each others without using singletons? I feel that composition is the answer, but I need more detailed solutions or design suggestions.

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  • Java: design problem with private-final-int-value and empty constructor

    - by HH
    $ javac InitInt.java InitInt.java:7: variable right might not have been initialized InitInt(){} ^ 1 error $ cat InitInt.java import java.util.*; import java.io.*; public class InitInt { private final int right; //DUE to new Klowledge: Design Problem //I think having an empty constructor like this // is an design problem, shall I remove it? What do you think? // When to use an empty constructor? InitInt(){} public static void main(String[] args) { InitInt test = new InitInt(); System.out.println(test.getRight()); } public int getRight(){return right;} } Initialization problem with Constructor InitInt{ // Still the error, "may not be initialized" // How to initialise it? if(snippetBuilder.length()>(charwisePos+25)){ right=charwisePos+25; }else{ right=snippetBuilder.length()-1; } }

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  • design pattern tools to use?

    - by ajsie
    i have noticed that every area has some tools you can use to make things easier. eg. css = dreamweaver doctrine/propel = orm designer // you dont have to hardcore code schemas manually and remembering all the syntax/variables mysql = mysql workbench // the same etc. in this way you get aided and dont have to type things the hard way, and can learn the structure, but then use GUI tools to help you develop faster. now i'm learning design patterns (singleton, factory, command, memento etc) and im wondering if there are some kind of tools you can use that will help you develop faster. i dont know exactly what tools i'm trying to find, just helping me when coding with design patterns (schema drawings? references?) are there any?

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  • Looking for some Feedback on a DB Design

    - by zSysop
    I'm currently working on a ticketing system which allows our users to submit tickets based on their own needs. i.e. if Department "A" is submitting a ticket they can have certain types of problem categories (such as "Supplies" or "Printer") along with details pertaining to the chosen category. I have laid out a partial db design and i was looking for some feedback on it. I've never built a system from the ground up by myself so i'm a little bit nervous. here's my a draft version of my db design Issues Table Id | CreatedBy | CreateDate | Status | Owner | AssignedTo | AssignmentDate | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- EquipmentIssueDetails Table Id | IssueId | Serial # | Make | Model | .... --------------------------------------------- SupplyIssueDetails Table Id | IssueId | SupplyId | ItemId | QTY | UnitOfMeasurement ------------------------------------------------------------- NetworkIssueDetails Table Id | IssueId | Supervisor | Details | ------------------------------------------------------------- Notes Table Id | IssueId | Note | CreatedBy | CreateDate ------------------------------------------------------------- Thanks in advance

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  • ready to use design pattern APIs for PHP?

    - by ajsie
    i know that in Java you can use their built-in APIs for design pattern. eg. if you want to use the observer pattern, you just have to extend your Subject class with the Observable class. is this possible for PHP? are there any libraries for the design patterns ready to use. in this way you don't have to reinvent the wheel and you also let many developers follow a standard. does Zend library have these API:s?

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  • Looking for design patterns to isolate framework layers from each other

    - by T Reddy
    Hi, I'm wondering if anyone has any experience in "isolating" framework objects from each other (Spring, Hibernate, Struts). I'm beginning to see design "problems" where an object from one framework gets used in another object from a different framework. My fear is we're creating tightly coupled objects. For instance, I have an application where we have a DynaActionForm with several attributes...one of which is a POJO generated by the Hibernate Tools. This POJO gets used everywhere...the JSP populates data to it, the Struts Action sends it down to a Service Layer, the DAO will persist it...ack! Now, imagine that someone decides to do a little refactoring on that POJO...so that means the JSP, Action, Service, DAO all needs to be updated...which is kind of painful...There has got to be a better way?! There's a book called Core J2EE Patterns: Best Practices and Design Strategies (2nd Edition)...is this worth a look? I don't believe it touches on any specific frameworks, but it looks like it might give some insight on how to properly layer the application... Thanks!

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  • User control attributes at design-time

    - by ciscoheat
    I'm testing a simple User Control in Visual Studio 2008: A Panel named Wrapper with some controls inside. Can Visual Studio handle this at design time? public partial class TestControl : System.Web.UI.UserControl { [Description("Css class of the div around the control.")] [CssClassProperty] public string CssClass { get { return Wrapper.CssClass; } set { Wrapper.CssClass = value; } } } When setting the CssClass property, it doesn't update the css of the Panel at design time. Am I hoping for too much?

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  • Database design efficiency with 1 to many relationships limited 1 to 3

    - by Joe
    This is in mysql, but its a database design issue. If you have a one to many relationship, like a bank customer to bank-accounts, typically you would have the table that records the bank-account information have a foreign key that keeps track of the relationship between account and customer. Now this follows the 3rd normal form thing and is a widely accepted way of doing it. Now lets say that you are going to limit a user to only having 3 accounts. The current database implementation will support this and nothing would need to change. But another way to do this would have 3 coloms in the account table that have the id of the 3 respective accounts in them. By the way this violates 1st normal form of db design. The question is what would be the advantage and disadvantages of having the user account relationship recored in this way over the traditional?

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  • What is the best design to this class?

    - by HPT
    assume this class: public class Logger { static TextWriter fs = null; public Logger(string path) { fs = File.CreateText(path); } public static void Log(Exception ex) { ///do logging } public static void Log(string text) { ///do logging } } and I have to use this like: Logger log = new Logger(path); and then use Logger.Log() to log what I want. the question is: is this a good design? to instantiate a class and then always call it's static method? any suggestion yield in better design is appreciated.

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  • Resources for dashboard app backend design

    - by Nix
    I am looking for examples of code/data/infrastructure design for a dashboard-style webapp. I am designing an interface for staff and faculty at a university to access departmental resources and be alerted of cyclical processes, events, deadlines, etc. Technologies I am working with: apache tomcat 6 and a mySQL database, JSP (including JSTL), bootstrap 3, and javascript/jquery. I have basic experience most of these technologies building smaller web apps but was hoping someone could direct me towards a book or other resource that discusses how to design the db architecture (and maybe how to template) for a dashboard, esp. for something like a notification systems. Any suggestions?

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  • Design Documents for Python/Django?

    - by british_trader
    After working on a Django project for a while, I now have to do some design documents for it (UML type stuff). However the code doesn't have classes, but instead uses views.py with modules in it... What would be the best way to show the design of my application from the initial __init__.py, to the urls.py where the HTML requests are then filtered to the specific urls.py in each of the packages and then handled by the views.py? i.e. django-app urls.py views.py settings.py manager.py __init__.py django-package urls.py views.py

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  • Designing Relational Survey Questionnaires Database

    - by user1213055
    I'm trying to build a simple sql database for following access database. Currently there is no relationship and I just have two tables male and female with 6 sections in each form. How can I design it a better way so end user can connect to the database and analyze using STATA or SPSS ? I'm really confused whether I should create one table with all fields or break down into different tables. The database is specific to this study only so I'm not looking for a generic survey database where user can create surveys and capture them. Any feedback or suggestion is much appreciated.

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  • design-pattern libraries ready-to-use?

    - by fayer
    symfony has released some of their components free to use outside the framework. i have used the event dispatcher and dependency injection...they are awesome! i wonder if there are other components/libraries (from other frameworks etc) that in the same way help you manage various design patterns? eg. decorator, facade, singleton, chain of commands etc. i think symfony is on the right path, abstracting away the design patterns. are there any other components out there doing the same? thanks

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  • More swing design & actions

    - by takoi
    Im pretty new to gui programming so i've been reading through every post on this site about swing and design. Whats been answered over and over again is that one should have a class which handles all the action. Like this: (GUI being some JFrame) Now, this works great for one-way actions, like OpenDialog. But the actions for buttons in DialogA and B will have to have access to all the components (there will be many) in its dialog, and the controller. This is where im stuck. The only sane way i can see is to put it in DialogA/B but i would then need to pass the controller all the way down, through classes that dont even need it, and it'll get all spaghetti. Really dont want that. Someone must have encountered this problem before. So where should i put this Action? Or should i just drop the whole design?

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  • Inventory Management OOP design

    - by rgamber
    This was an OOP design and implementation interview question, which I came across on glassdoor.com. Design and implement a inventory management system to minimize the number of missed delivery dates while keeping costs to the company low. Of course there is no right answer to this, but I am not sure I understand the question correctly and am wondering what would be a good answer. Is this as simple as creating an undirected graph with nodes as the delivery points, and edges having weights as the cost of the delivery, and then use a single-source-shortest-path algorithm (like Dijkstras, or Bellman-Ford) on the graph? Not sure if this type of question should be asked here,so let me know and I will delete it.

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  • Storing changes to multiple databases in a single centralized database

    - by B4x
    The setup: multiple MySQL databases at different locations with the same scheme. The databases are in production. The motivation: we want to present information in these databases in a web interface, clearly showing which database the row originated from. We want to be able to get this data from one single source (for different reasons, one of them is pagination which gets tricky if you use multiple sources). The problem: how do we collect data from multiple databases, storing it at a central location and clearly marking the origin of each row? We have discussed using a centralized DB that tracks changes to the production DBs, with the same schema and one additional column for origin. If possible, we would like to avoid having to make changes in the production environment. Since we can't use MySQL's replication (multiple masters to a single slave isn't allowed), what are our other options? Are there any existing solutions for something like this or do we have to code something ourselves? Is the best solution to change the database schemas in production and add a column for origin? The idea of a centralized database isn't set in stone. If there is a solution to this that solves our other problems without a centralized DB, we can be flexible. Any help is much appreciated.

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  • What do I need to know to design a language and write a interpreter for it?

    - by alFReD NSH
    I know this question has been asked and even there are thousands of books and articles about it. But the problem is that there are too many, and I don't know are they good enough, I have to design a language and write a interpreter for it. The base language is javascript (using nodejs) but it's ok if the compiler was written in another language that I can use from node. I had done a research about compiler compilers in JS, there is jison (Bison implementaion in JS), waxeye, peg.js. I decided to give jison a try, due to the popularity and its being used by coffee script, so it should be able to cover my language too. The grammar definition syntax is similar to bison. But when I tried read the bison manual it seemed very hard to understand for me. And I think it's because I don't know a lot of things about what I'm doing. Like I don't what is formal language theory. I am experienced in Javascript (I'm more talented in JS than most average programmers). And also know basic C and C++ (not much experience but can write a working code for basic things). I haven't had any formal education, so I may not be familiar with some software engineering and computer science principles. Though everyday I try to grasp a lot of articles and improve. So I'm asking if you know any good book or article that can help me. Please also write why the resource you're suggesting is good. --update-- The language I'm trying to create, is not really complicated. All it has is expressions (with or without units), comparisons and logical operators. There are no functions, loops, ... The goal is to create a language that non-programmers can easily learn. And to write customized validations and calculations.

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  • Do cross reference database tables have a place in domain driven design?

    - by Mike Cellini
    First some background. Let's say we have a system where a customer is placing an order in a web interface. The items that customer is ordering can priced in various ways. Sometimes including the cost of delivery and sometimes not at all. That pricing effectively depends on a variety of factors including the vendor's own pricing model, that vendor's individual contracts with customers as well as that vendor's contracts with its own suppliers. Let's assume that once a customer places an order for a particular item and chooses a contract if any, the method of delivery can be determined by variables on those contracts. Those delivery methods also live in their own table in the database and have various properties consumed downstream. It makes sense that a cross reference or lookup table would store that information. That table would be loaded into the domain and could then be used to apply the appropriate delivery method while processing the order. Does this make sense in the context of domain driven design? Or is my thinking too relational? Is this logic that should be built into it's own class/method (I mean beyond apply the cross reference table data)?

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  • Rendering design. How can I effectively deal with forward, deferred and transparent rendering?

    - by user1423893
    I have many objects in my game world that all derive from one base class. Each object will have different materials and will therefore be required to be drawn using various rendering techniques. I currently use the following order for rendering my objects. Deferred Forward Transparent (order independent) Each object has a rendering flag that denotes which one of the above methods should be used. The list of base objects in the scene are then iterated through and added to separate lists of deferred, forward or transparent objects based on their rendering flag value. The individual lists are then iterated through and drawn using the order above. Each list is cleared at the end of the frame. This methods works fairly well but it requires different draw methods for each material type. For example each object will require the following methods in order to be compatible with the possible flag settings. object.DrawDeferred() object.DrawForward() object.DrawTransparent() It is also hard to see where methods outside of materials, such as rendering shadow maps, would fit using this "flag & method" design. object.DrawShadow() I was hoping that someone may have some suggestions for improving this rendering process, possibly making it more generic and less verbose?

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  • What design pattern (in python) to use for properly seperate runtime infos with core code?

    - by user1824372
    I am not sure if this is a clear question. I work on a python project that is based on terminal(console), for which I am planning to implement a GUI. I am not major in CS so I really have no idea about how to effectively design a message system such that: in console, it provide nice look info when runtime. in GUI, it is directed to a certain widget, let's say, a text label, or a bottom bar, or a hide-able frame. Do you have any suggestions? Currently, I am using print function to provide essential informations on stdout during runtime. So a lot of print .... are distributed here and there among the code. I am thinking to use macro-like variables such as 'FILE_NOT_EXTIS_MESSAGE' for printing, and define the variables in one file. Is this a standard way that people always do? How about I introduce a logging system? In sum, I am ask for a pattern that people are commonly using for handling of screen output information with high effectiveness and adaptivity.

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  • WPF application with MS Access database as a data source

    - by Kay Zed
    I have a Microsoft Access 2010 database. Now, using Visual Studio 2010, I want to create a WPF application and add the database as a data source. The app will have a window with a frame that provides navigation through pages. No problem so far. But: -What is the right way to set up the database in this scenario? Tables only? Or must everything go via queries? (VS2010 talks about views which I assume (?) are queries) -Database data must be updatable and records can be added. Some relationships go through link tables (many-to-many) and there are nullable foreign key relationships. Must I take manual steps to make it work? -While adding the data source VS2010 created an xsd from my Access database. I think the xsd might need further tweaking for the application to work the right way. What if I change my Access database design, I'd have to regenerate the xsd again as well. Is this right, and is it the way it is usually done? OR, should I let the original Access database go and give the application the capability to create new empty databases? -How do you provide controls in a page to step through the records in a table? Is there a special database control? -What is the way (WPF class?) to load records into the data context that displays in a page? (At this level it probably does not matter what type of data source it is.)

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  • SMO restore of SQL database doesn't overwrite

    - by Tom H.
    I'm trying to restore a database from a backup file using SMO. If the database does not already exist then it works fine. However, if the database already exists then I get no errors, but the database is not overwritten. The "restore" process still takes just as long, so it looks like it's working and doing a restore, but in the end the database has not changed. I'm doing this in Powershell using SMO. The code is a bit long, but I've included it below. You'll notice that I do set $restore.ReplaceDatabase = $true. Also, I use a try-catch block and report on any errors (I hope), but none are returned. Any obvious mistakes? Is it possible that I'm not reporting some error and it's being hidden from me? Thanks for any help or advice that you can give! function Invoke-SqlRestore { param( [string]$backup_file_name, [string]$server_name, [string]$database_name, [switch]$norecovery=$false ) # Get a new connection to the server [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server]$server = New-SMOconnection -server_name $server_name Write-Host "Starting restore to $database_name on $server_name." Try { $backup_device = New-Object("Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.BackupDeviceItem") ($backup_file_name, "File") # Get local paths to the Database and Log file locations If ($server.Settings.DefaultFile.Length -eq 0) {$database_path = $server.Information.MasterDBPath } Else { $database_path = $server.Settings.DefaultFile} If ($server.Settings.DefaultLog.Length -eq 0 ) {$database_log_path = $server.Information.MasterDBLogPath } Else { $database_log_path = $server.Settings.DefaultLog} # Load up the Restore object settings $restore = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Restore $restore.Action = 'Database' $restore.Database = $database_name $restore.ReplaceDatabase = $true if ($norecovery.IsPresent) { $restore.NoRecovery = $true } Else { $restore.Norecovery = $false } $restore.Devices.Add($backup_device) # Get information from the backup file $restore_details = $restore.ReadBackupHeader($server) $data_files = $restore.ReadFileList($server) # Restore all backup files ForEach ($data_row in $data_files) { $logical_name = $data_row.LogicalName $physical_name = Get-FileName -path $data_row.PhysicalName $restore_data = New-Object("Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.RelocateFile") $restore_data.LogicalFileName = $logical_name if ($data_row.Type -eq "D") { # Restore Data file $restore_data.PhysicalFileName = $database_path + "\" + $physical_name } Else { # Restore Log file $restore_data.PhysicalFileName = $database_log_path + "\" + $physical_name } [Void]$restore.RelocateFiles.Add($restore_data) } $restore.SqlRestore($server) # If there are two files, assume the next is a Log if ($restore_details.Rows.Count -gt 1) { $restore.Action = [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.RestoreActionType]::Log $restore.FileNumber = 2 $restore.SqlRestore($server) } } Catch { $ex = $_.Exception Write-Output $ex.message $ex = $ex.InnerException while ($ex.InnerException) { Write-Output $ex.InnerException.message $ex = $ex.InnerException } Throw $ex } Finally { $server.ConnectionContext.Disconnect() } Write-Host "Restore ended without any errors." }

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