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  • Netcat (nc) traditional package for RHEL 6.x?

    - by HTTP500
    I'm trying to use the Percona Apache Monitoring [Cacti] Template for Memcached. They do indeed warn that you can't use the openbsd version of the package and provide a solution for Ubuntu/Debian users, i.e.: You need nc on the server. Some versions of nc accept different command-line options. You can change the options used by configuring the PHP script. If you don’t want to do this for some reason, then you can install a version of nc that conforms to the expectations coded in the script’s default configuration instead. On Debian/Ubuntu, netcat-openbsd does not work, so you need the netcat-traditional package, and you need to switch to /bin/nc.traditional... Since the RHEL 6.x version indeed comes from openbsd (confirmed by rpm -qi nc) how does one go about getting this installed on RHEL/CentOS? Anyone else running these Percona templates on RHEL/CentOS? What did you do? alien the Debian package? Update 1: FWIW, I tried to use GNU netcat by compiling it from source but it doesn't seem to have the exact options required by the Cacti template either (i.e. there is no analogy for -C or -q1 so it seems) Update 2: I alien[ed] the netcat-traditional_1.10-38_amd64.deb package to make a .tgz and it does produce a binary "nc.traditional" and that version has the -q option but no -C Cheers

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  • Ubuntu 12.04 cloud edition on Amazon - Apache2 - /etc

    - by jdog
    I have setup a web server on Amazon with 3 Virtual hosts. For some reason I can't get any of the sites going on it, they all show a 404 error. /var/log/apache2/error.log shows "File does not exist: /etc/apache2/htdocs" I have checked: a2ensite all my virtual hosts actually checked softlinks in sites-enabled access rights in /var/www to 777, in case user is not www-data grep -r htdocs /etc/apache2 (returns nothing) ports.conf has NameVirtualHost directive exactly matching Virtual Hosts What else could this be? ports.conf # If you just change the port or add more ports here, you will likely also # have to change the VirtualHost statement in # /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default # This is also true if you have upgraded from before 2.2.9-3 (i.e. from # Debian etch). See /usr/share/doc/apache2.2-common/NEWS.Debian.gz and # README.Debian.gz NameVirtualHost 107.20.169.163:80 Listen 80 <IfModule mod_ssl.c> # If you add NameVirtualHost *:443 here, you will also have to change # the VirtualHost statement in /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl # to <VirtualHost *:443> # Server Name Indication for SSL named virtual hosts is currently not # supported by MSIE on Windows XP. Listen 443 </IfModule> <IfModule mod_gnutls.c> Listen 443 </IfModule> sites-available/www.seleconlight.com <VirtualHost 107.20.169.163:80> ServerName www.seleconlight.com DocumentRoot /var/www/www.seleconlight.com CustomLog /var/log/apache2/www.seleconlight.com-access.log combined ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/www.seleconlight.com-error.log </VirtualHost>

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  • fail2ban log parsing too slow on Raspberry Pi - options? [migrated]

    - by Gordon Morehouse
    I'm running fail2ban on a Raspberry Pi at 950MHz which I cannot overclock further. The Pi is occasionally subject to SYN floods on particular ports. I've set up iptables to throttle the rate of SYNs on the port of interest; when the throttle limits are exceeded, hosts which send SYNs are dropped into the REJECT chain and the particular SYN packet which exceeded the limit is logged. fail2ban then watches for these logged SYNs and, after seeing a few, temporarily bans the host for a short time (this is a transient issue in the app I'm working with). The problem is that the SYN floods can occasionally reach rates which are too fast for fail2ban to keep up with; I'll see 20-40 log messages per second, and eventually fail2ban falls behind and becomes ineffective. To add insult to injury, it continues consuming a LOT of CPU as it tries to catch up. I have verified that DROP chained packets from hosts already banned by fail2ban are not logged, and thus do not add to its load. What are my options here? I have a few ideas, but no clear path forward. Could I make the log-parse regex "easier" so it takes fewer cycles? Would using iptables --log-prefix to put a token near the start of the log message, and/or otherwise simplifying/altering the fail2ban regex help? Here is the current fail2ban config line containing a regex: failregex = kernel:.*?SRC=(?:::f{4,6}:)?(?P<host>[\w\-.^_]+) DST.*?SYN Is there a faster way for fail2ban to watch for the packets exceeding the limits than parsing kern.log? Could fail2ban be run under PyPy instead of CPython with minimal nonstandard wizardry (the OS is Raspbian 7, so, mostly Debian 7)? Is there something better than fail2ban that I could use to watch for the packets which exceed the SYN limits, and after N exceeds in X seconds, temporarily put the offending IP into the iptables DROP bucket, and take it out when the ban timer expires? Again, I'd vastly prefer a solution that uses as much software available in Debian as possible, though I can build Debian packages in a pinch.

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  • Virtualization and best hardware sharing scenario for me

    - by azera
    Hello, Following this thread on super user, I now want to start installing all my vm on the hardware. As a remainder, i have a (powerful enough) server on which i want to install 3 OS: there is a debian (general dev testbed purposes), an ipcop (network control/firewall) and a freenas (local network file sharing). I'm wondering which scenario would be the best for me and if I will be able to share the hardware to do what i want; either a - install an hypervisor like the free vmware esx and all three vms in it, or b - install debian, and the other two running inside it with virtual box My need being that: the ipcop should handle all network traffic to the internet, meaning all traffic from my main computer but also all traffic from the other two vm the freenas shares should be accessible from the other two vm and my main computer too i don't really care about the debian access, i only need to access it from my main computer, not the other vms Will I need to install additionnal network cards for each vm or can they all share the same one happily ? (right now I have two, one linking the server to my router [which only ipcop is gonna use] and one linking it to my switch [which i would like all three to use]) As for harddrives, I was going to use 1 harddrive cut in 3 partitions to install all three OSes, then add to that the freenas drives, will it be correct ? Thanks a lot for anyone who can help me, this is kind of a vast area and I'm not sure which way to go at all

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  • Windows 7 network performance tuning for LAN

    - by Hubert Kario
    I want to tune Windows 7 TCP stack for speed in a LAN environment. Bit of background info: I've got a Citrix XenServer set up with Windows 2008R2, Windows 7 and Debian Lenny with Citrix kernel, Windows machines have Tools installed the iperf server process is running on different host, also Debian Lenny. The servers are otherwise idle, tests were repeated few times to confirm results. While testing with iperf 2008R2 can achieve around 600-700Mbps with no tuning what so ever but I can't find any guide or set of parameters that will make Windows 7 achieve anything over 150Mbps with no change in TCP window size using -w parameter to iperf. I tried using netsh autotuining to disabled, experimental, normal and highlyrestricted - no change. Changing congestionprovider doesn't do anything, just as rss and chimney. Setting all the available settings to same values as on Windows 2008R2 host doesn't help. To summarize: Windows 2008R2 default settings: 600-700Mbps Debian, default settings: 600Mbps Windows 7 default settings: 120Mbps Windows 7 default, iperf -w 65536: 400-500Mbps While the missing 400Mbps in performance I blame on crappy Realtek NIC in the XenServer host (I can do ~980Mbps from my laptop to the iperf server) it doesn't explain why Windows 7 can't achieve good performance without manually tuning window size at the application level. So, how to tune Windows 7?

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  • Unable to get prosody running on Ubuntu 10.04 (lua issues)

    - by user90374
    All this is performed on Ubuntu 10.04.4 LTS Server I installed LUA 5.1.4 following this procedure - http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1874860 I installed prosody following this command (after downloading the package) - sudo dpkg -i prosody_0.8.2-1_i386.deb After installation, I get the following error: I have tried to use as suggested luarock and sudo apt-get install to fix these. But still it keeps showing me these errors. Selecting previously deselected package prosody. (Reading database ... 59416 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking prosody (from prosody_0.8.2-1_i386.deb) ... Setting up prosody (0.8.2-1) ... * Starting Prosody XMPP Server prosody ************** Prosody was unable to find luaexpat This package can be obtained in the following ways: Source: www[dot]keplerproject[dot]org/luaexpat/ Debian/Ubuntu: sudo apt-get install liblua5.1-expat0 luarocks: luarocks install luaexpat luaexpat is required for Prosody to run, so we will now exit. More help can be found on our website, at prosody[dot]im/doc/depends ************ Prosody was unable to find luasocket This package can be obtained in the following ways: Source: www[dot]tecgraf[dot]puc-rio[dot]br/~diego/professional/luasocket/ Debian/Ubuntu: sudo apt-get install liblua5.1-socket2 luarocks: luarocks install luasocket luasocket is required for Prosody to run, so we will now exit. More help can be found on our website, at prosody[dot]im/doc/depends ************ Prosody was unable to find LuaSec This package can be obtained in the following ways: Source: www[dot]inf[dot]puc-rio[dot]br/~brunoos/luasec/ Debian/Ubuntu: prosody[dot]im/download/start#debian_and_ubuntu luarocks: luarocks install luasec SSL/TLS support will not be available More help can be found on our website, at prosody[dot]im/doc/depends [fail] invoke-rc.d: initscript prosody, action "start" failed. dpkg: error processing prosody (--install): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Processing triggers for man-db ... Processing triggers for ureadahead ... Errors were encountered while processing: prosody Thanks a lot for your patience and answers.

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  • Public static ip for vagrant box

    - by Numbata
    I have server (Debian Squeeze) with 1 ethernet card and 2 public static IPs (188.120.245.4 and 188.120.244.5). What I want: Setup virtual box (Ubuntu) with access via static IP (188.120.244.5). What I was trying: config.vm.forward_port - good idea: setup interface "eth1:1" with 188.120.244.5 on host-machine, and add to Vagrant file "config.vm.forward_port = hmm..?" config.vm.network :hostonly, "188.120.244.5" - not working. Was created new interface on host-machine with ip "188.120.244.1". Of course 188.120.244.1 IP isn't mine and I can't access my server via this IP. config.vm.network :bridged - I'm confused how this works :) What I have now: Not working configuration. Debian-host-machine# cat Vagrantfile Vagrant::Config.run do |config| config.vm.define :gitlab do |box_config| box_config.vm.box = "ubuntu" box_config.vm.host_name = "ubuntu" box_config.vm.network :bridged box_config.vm.network :hostonly, "188.120.244.5", :auto_config => false end end Debian-host-machine# ifconfig eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:15:17:69:71:bb inet addr:188.120.245.4 Bcast:188.120.247.255 Mask:255.255.248.0 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 vboxnet0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 0a:00:27:00:00:00 inet addr:188.120.244.1 Bcast:188.120.246.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 Ubuntu-virtual-machine# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:ee:8d:0c inet addr:10.0.2.15 Bcast:10.0.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:45:71:87 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 How I can access virtual box via public static IP from network? I'm using Oracle VM VirtualBox Manager 4.1.18 and Vagrant version 1.0.3. Thanks in advance for your feedback.

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  • Postfix: Using google apps for stmp errors

    - by Zed Said
    I am using postfix and need to send the mail using google apps smtp. I am getting errors after I thought I had set everything up correctly: May 11 09:50:57 zedsaid postfix/error[22214]: 00E009693FB: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=2466, delays=2462/3.4/0/0.06, dsn=4.7.0, status=deferred (delivery temporarily suspended: SASL authentication failed; cannot authenticate to server smtp.gmail.com[74.125.155.109]: no mechanism available) May 11 09:50:57 zedsaid postfix/error[22213]: 0ACB36D1B94: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=2486, delays=2482/3.4/0/0.06, dsn=4.7.0, status=deferred (delivery temporarily suspended: SASL authentication failed; cannot authenticate to server smtp.gmail.com[74.125.155.109]: no mechanism available) May 11 09:50:57 zedsaid postfix/error[22232]: 067379693D3: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=2421, delays=2417/3.4/0/0.06, dsn=4.7.0, status=deferred (delivery temporarily suspended: SASL authentication failed; cannot authenticate to server smtp.gmail.com[74.125.155.109]: no mechanism available) main.cf: # Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first # line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default # is /etc/mailname. #myorigin = /etc/mailname smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Debian/GNU) biff = no # appending .domain is the MUA's job. append_dot_mydomain = no # Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings #delay_warning_time = 4h readme_directory = no # TLS parameters #smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem #smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache # See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for # information on enabling SSL in the smtp client. myhostname = zedsaid.com alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases myorigin = /etc/mailname mydestination = #relayhost = mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 mailbox_command = procmail -a "$EXTENSION" mailbox_size_limit = 0 recipient_delimiter = + inet_interfaces = all delay_warning_time = 4h smtpd_recipient_limit = 16 # how many error before back off. smtpd_soft_error_limit = 3 # how many max errors before blocking it. smtpd_hard_error_limit = 12 ## Gmail Relay relayhost = [smtp.gmail.com]:587 smtp_use_tls = yes smtp_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd smtp_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtp_sasl_tls_security_options = noanonymous smtp_sasl_mechanism_filter = login smtp_tls_eccert_file = smtp_tls_eckey_file = smtp_use_tls = yes smtp_enforce_tls = no smtp_tls_CAfile = /etc/postfix/cacert.pem smtpd_tls_received_header = yes tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom transport_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport debug_peer_list = smtp.gmail.com debug_peer_level = 3 What am I doing wrong?

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  • Port Forwarding failing only to Ubuntu servers from Draytek router

    - by Rufinus
    I know this is a kinda unusal question, but Draytek support (..which is very eager to solve the issue) seems to reach its limits. Scenario: Draytek Vigor Multiwan router with current firmware. Multiple WAN IP Aliases on one of the wan ports DMZ (or port forwarding doesnt matter) from wan ip alias to internal host currently i have two internal hosts: 192.168.0.51 (Ubuntu) 192.168.0.53 (Debian) both should be accessible from outside via one of the wan ip aliases. both are accessible with their internal ip's at all times (!) If the router gots restartet, both external ips are forwarding to its internal hosts. But after a few minutes up to 2 hours, the ubuntu host is no longer reachable via its external interface. The debian hosts on the other hand is reachable. In what does ubuntu differs from debian ? I know at least of one user with the exact same problem. see http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=10994279 Any ideas ? TIA EDIT: via ping diagnostics directly on vigor, 192.168.0.53 is pingable, 192.168.0.51 is not. but both hosts are perfectly reachable from anywhere inside the network. if i restart ubuntu networking it works again for a short time.... i'm out of ideas.. EDIT 2: after further investigation, i noticed a ping from .51 to the network (or a host in the internet) is enough to make the port-forwarding working again. So i will add an Cronjob as a "keep-alive" ping. This will solve the problem, but the reason for this behaivor is still in the dark. Thanks to all commentors.

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  • How to make Synaptics touchpad work better on Linux?

    - by whitequark
    I have Debian Squeeze currently installed on a Samsung N250 netbook with a Synaptics touchpad. These touchpads are, generally, good, and everything works perfectly on Windows. The support is extremely sucky on Linux through. Of course it has all the cool features like two-finger scrolling, but the cursor (or whatever is a replacement for cursor when scrolling) is trembling awfully. It trembles when I just keep the finger on touchpad, it shakes awfully if the finger is close to the top of touchpad, and when I'm scrolling with it (no matter with two fingers or one), the page shakes a lot too. None of this behavior is observed even in Windows XP with just the default drivers installed. Here's the Xorg version: $ Xorg -version X.Org X Server 1.7.7 Release Date: 2010-05-04 X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0 Build Operating System: Linux 2.6.32-5-686 i686 Debian Current Operating System: Linux mannaz 2.6.32-5-686 #1 SMP Fri Dec 10 16:12:40 UTC 2010 i686 Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-686 root=/dev/mapper/mannaz-root ro quiet splash Build Date: 02 December 2010 01:08:37AM xorg-server 2:1.7.7-10 (Julien Cristau <[email protected]>) Current version of pixman: 0.16.4 and here is synclient -l output: http://pastebin.com/Eqa6hGXP

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  • MySQL is killing the server IO.

    - by OneOfOne
    I manage a fairly large/busy vBulletin forums (running on gigenet cloud), the database is ~ 10 GB (~9 milion posts, ~60 queries per second), lately MySQL have been grinding the disk like there's no tomorrow according to iotop and slowing the site. The last idea I can think of is using replication, but I'm not sure how much that would help and worried about database sync. I'm out of ideas, any tips on how to improve the situation would be highly appreciated. Specs : Debian Lenny 64bit ~12Ghz (6 cores) CPU, 7520gb RAM, 160gb disk. Kernel : 2.6.32-4-amd64 mysqld Ver 5.1.54-0.dotdeb.0 for debian-linux-gnu on x86_64 ((Debian)) Other software: vBulletin 3.8.4 memcached 1.2.2 PHP 5.3.5-0.dotdeb.0 (fpm-fcgi) (built: Jan 7 2011 00:07:27) lighttpd/1.4.28 (ssl) - a light and fast webserver PHP and vBulletin are configured to use memcached. MySQL Settings : [mysqld] key_buffer = 128M max_allowed_packet = 16M thread_cache_size = 8 myisam-recover = BACKUP max_connections = 1024 query_cache_limit = 2M query_cache_size = 128M expire_logs_days = 10 max_binlog_size = 100M key_buffer_size = 128M join_buffer_size = 8M tmp_table_size = 16M max_heap_table_size = 16M table_cache = 96 Other : > vmstat procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ----cpu---- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa 9 0 73140 36336 8968 1859160 0 0 42 15 3 2 6 1 89 5 > /etc/init.d/mysql status Threads: 49 Questions: 252139 Slow queries: 164 Opens: 53573 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 337 Queries per second avg: 61.302. Edit Additional info.

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  • Patch management on multiple systems

    - by Pierre
    I'm in charge of auditing the security configuration of an important farm of Unix servers. So far, I came up with a way to assess the basic configuration but not the installed updates. The very problem here is that I just can't trust the package management tools on those machine. Indeed some of them did not sync with the repository for a long time (So I can't do a "yum check-updates" on Redhat for example). Some of those servers are not even connected to the internet and use an company repository. Another problem is that I have multiple target systems: AIX, Debian, Centos/Redhat, etc... So the version could be different (AIX) and the tools available will be different. And, last but not least, I can't install anything on the target system. So I need to use a script to retrieve the information and either: process it directly or save the information to be able to process it later on a server (Which may happen to run a different distribution than the one on which the information have been retrieved). The best ideas I could come up with were: either retrieve the list of installed packages on the machine (dpkg -l for example on debian) and process it on a dedicated server (Directly parsing the "Packages" file of debian repositories). Still, the problem remains the same for AIX and Redhat... or use Nessus' scripts to assess vulnerability on the installed packages, but I find this a bit dirty. Does anyone know any better/efficient way of doing this ? P.S: I already took time to review some answers to similar problems. Unfortunately Chef, puppet, ... don't meet the requirements I have to meet. Edit: Long story short. I need to have the list of missing updates on a Unix system just like MBSA on Windows. I'm not authorized to install anything on this system as it's not mine. All I have are scripts languages. Thanks.

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  • LVS / IPVS difference in ActiveConn since upgrading

    - by Hans
    I've recently migrated from an old version of LVS / ldirectord (Ultra Monkey) to a new Debian install with ldirectord. Now the amount of Active Connections is usually higher than the amount of Inactive Connections, it used to be the other way around. Basically on the old load balancer the connections looked something like: -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn -> 10.84.32.21:0 Masq 1 12 252 -> 10.84.32.22:0 Masq 1 18 368 However since migrating it to the new load balancer it looks more like: -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn -> 10.84.32.21:0 Masq 1 313 141 -> 10.84.32.22:0 Masq 1 276 183 Old load balancer: Debian 3.1 ipvsadm 1.24 ldirectord 1.2.3 New load balancer: Debian 6.0.5 ipvsadm 1.25 ldirectord 1.0.3 (I guess the versioning system changed) Is it because the old load balancer was running a kernel from 2005, and ldirectord from 2004, and things have simply changed in the past 7 - 8 years? Did I miss some sysctl settings that I should be enforcing for it to behave in the same way? Everything appears to be working fine but can anyone see an issue with this behaviour? Thanks in advance! Additional info: I'm using LVS in masquerading mode, the real servers have the load balancer as their gateway. The real servers are running Apache, which hasn't changed during the upgrade. The boxes themselves show roughly the same amount of Inactive Connections shown in ipvsadm.

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  • How to configure iptables to use apt-get in a server?

    - by segaco
    I'm starting using iptables (newbie) to protect a linux server (specifically Debian 5.0). Before I configure the iptables settings, I can use apt-get without a problem. But after I configure the iptables, the apt-get stop working. For example I use this script in iptables: #!/bin/sh IPT=/sbin/iptables ## FLUSH $IPT -F $IPT -X $IPT -t nat -F $IPT -t nat -X $IPT -t mangle -F $IPT -t mangle -X $IPT -P INPUT DROP $IPT -P OUTPUT DROP $IPT -P FORWARD DROP $IPT -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 22 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 80 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 443 -j ACCEPT # Allow FTP connections @ port 21 $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --sport 21 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 21 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT # Allow Active FTP Connections $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --sport 20 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 20 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT # Allow Passive FTP Connections $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --sport 1024: --dport 1024: -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 1024: --dport 1024: -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT #DNS $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 53 --sport 1024:65535 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 1:1024 $IPT -A INPUT -p udp --dport 1:1024 $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j DROP $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 10000 -j DROP $IPT -A INPUT -p udp --dport 10000 -j DROP then when I run apt-get I obtain: core:~# apt-get update 0% [Connecting to ftp.us.debian.org] [Connecting to security.debian.org] [Conne and it stalls. What rules I need to configure to make it works. Thanks

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  • DNS redirecting to Apache

    - by leo
    I have CentOS installed on LVM, that is on Debian. There are BIND and Apache on CentOS. I need to access sites from browser on Debian with names like: 1.domain, 2.domain, etc. So I set up Apache and I can access these sites, but using /etc/hosts/ on Debian. And now I'm trying to configure bind. named.conf: zone "domain" IN { type master; file "/var/named/domain.zone"; allow-update { none; }; }; 192.168.100.1 is DNS' ip; 192.168.100.139 is Apache ip; domain.zone: $TTL 86400 @ IN SOA domain. root.domain. ( 100 1H 1M 1W 1D ) @ IN NS ns1.domain. @ IN A 192.168.100.139 ns1 IN A 192.168.100.1 WWW IN A 192.168.100.139 1 IN A 192.168.100.139 2 IN A 192.168.100.139 www.1 IN A 192.168.100.139 www.2 IN A 192.168.100.139 Also, is it necessary to configure 100.168.192.in-addr.arpa? Please, explain me where I'm wrong.

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  • Xen HVM Windows 2008 network bridge

    - by JavierMartinz
    I have a problem with the Windows Server 2008 guest (hvm). I can't get a network interface running for him. I also have a Debian guest and it's working ok, but I can't do it with the Win2k8 guest. When I started the VM, the machine freezes and I can't connect by ssh to the host. /etc/network/interfaces # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 188.165.B.C netmask 255.255.255.0 network 188.165.B.0 broadcast 188.165.255.255 gateway 188.165.B.254 brctl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces eth0 8000.e840f20acc28 no peth0 /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp ... (vif-script vif-bridge) (network-script 'network-bridge') ... /etc/xen/win2k8.cfg # Networking # vif = [ 'ip=5.39.F.G,mac=yy:yy:yy:yy:yy:yy,type=ioemu,bridge=eth0' ] /etc/xen/debian.cfg # Networking # vif = [ 'ip=178.33.D.E,mac=xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx' ] As you can see, in the Debian guest I only have to specify an IP address and a MAC. But if I put that in the Win2k8 guest, the machine does not start. I am using Xen 4.0

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  • Combine multiple network interfaces to connect to a dedicated server

    - by Dženis Macanovic
    this is an underpaid employee writing, who's apparently responsible for all the IT stuff in a very small (non-IT) company. Today said company got a bunch of PCs/workstations, a switch, a computer that's supposed to be used as a router, two DSL connections (each 16 MBit/s downstream and 1 MBit/s upstream) and a dedicated server which is hosted and managed professionally by a larger local company with some decent connection speed (1 GBit/s both directions if I'm not mistaken). This is what I've set up (note I'm not making use of the second DSL connection at all)... ETH0 ETH1 [ SWITCH ]---[LINUX DEBIAN ROUTER]---[DSL MODEM 1]---[INTERNET] | | | PC1 | | PC2 | ... ... when my boss asked me, if it was somehow possible to get 32 MBit/s downstream and 2 MBit/s upstream. At that time I replied "no" without thinking too much about it. Now I've just had the following idea... ETH1 ETH0 ETH0 ,---[DSL MODEM 1 (NON-STATIC IP)]---, ,---, ETH0 [ SWITCH ]---[LINUX DEBIAN ROUTER] [INTERNET] [LINUX DEBIAN SERVER]---[INTERNET] | | | '---[ DSL MODEM 2 (STATIC IP) ]---' '---' PC1 | | ETH2 ETH0 PC2 | ... ... but I have absolutely no clue how to implement that. Would that even be possible? What would the masquerading rules look like on the router? What about the server? I didn't find anything on the internet, mainly because I couldn't come up with any good keywords to search for to begin with. English obviously isn't my first language. Thanks in advance for your time!

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  • Is there a /users/www-data type directory in RedHat/Fedora?

    - by Yarin
    I'm trying to setup web2py on my Fedora server, and the instructions, written for Debian, are telling me to install it in the /users/www-data directory. I realize that Fedora uses a default 'apache' user for running Apache, and Debian uses a 'www-data' user, but there's no corresponding /users/apache directory on my machine... Here are the instructions http://web2py.com/book/default/section/11/2

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  • writing a shell script if statement to check for directory

    - by user1553248
    I need to write a script that will recreate my opt folder if it gets deleted when I remove a package from it. Here's a link to my previous post: dpkg remove to stop processes Now, the issue I'm running into could be better described here: http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2006/03/msg00242.html I was thinking of just adding a postrem script which checks if an opt directory exists, and if not, creates one. My experience with shell scripts is pretty limited though..

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  • Unable to connect to Samba printer

    - by user127236
    I have a headless Ubuntu 12.04 server for files and printers. It shares files via Samba just fine. However, the HP PSC-750xi connected to the server via USB is not accessible from my Ubuntu 12.04 laptop. I can browse for it in the Printing control panel, but any attempt to authenticate my ID to the printer with my user credentials results in the error "This print share is not accessible". I have included the Samba smb.conf file below. Any help appreciated. Thanks... JGB # # Sample configuration file for the Samba suite for Debian GNU/Linux. # # # This is the main Samba configuration file. You should read the # smb.conf(5) manual page in order to understand the options listed # here. Samba has a huge number of configurable options most of which # are not shown in this example # # Some options that are often worth tuning have been included as # commented-out examples in this file. # - When such options are commented with ";", the proposed setting # differs from the default Samba behaviour # - When commented with "#", the proposed setting is the default # behaviour of Samba but the option is considered important # enough to be mentioned here # # NOTE: Whenever you modify this file you should run the command # "testparm" to check that you have not made any basic syntactic # errors. # A well-established practice is to name the original file # "smb.conf.master" and create the "real" config file with # testparm -s smb.conf.master >smb.conf # This minimizes the size of the really used smb.conf file # which, according to the Samba Team, impacts performance # However, use this with caution if your smb.conf file contains nested # "include" statements. See Debian bug #483187 for a case # where using a master file is not a good idea. # #======================= Global Settings ======================= [global] log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* . obey pam restrictions = yes map to guest = bad user encrypt passwords = true passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u passdb backend = tdbsam dns proxy = no writeable = yes server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu) unix password sync = yes workgroup = WORKGROUP syslog = 0 panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d usershare allow guests = yes max log size = 1000 pam password change = yes ## Browsing/Identification ### # Change this to the workgroup/NT-domain name your Samba server will part of # server string is the equivalent of the NT Description field # Windows Internet Name Serving Support Section: # WINS Support - Tells the NMBD component of Samba to enable its WINS Server # wins support = no # WINS Server - Tells the NMBD components of Samba to be a WINS Client # Note: Samba can be either a WINS Server, or a WINS Client, but NOT both ; wins server = w.x.y.z # This will prevent nmbd to search for NetBIOS names through DNS. # What naming service and in what order should we use to resolve host names # to IP addresses ; name resolve order = lmhosts host wins bcast #### Networking #### # The specific set of interfaces / networks to bind to # This can be either the interface name or an IP address/netmask; # interface names are normally preferred ; interfaces = 127.0.0.0/8 eth0 # Only bind to the named interfaces and/or networks; you must use the # 'interfaces' option above to use this. # It is recommended that you enable this feature if your Samba machine is # not protected by a firewall or is a firewall itself. However, this # option cannot handle dynamic or non-broadcast interfaces correctly. ; bind interfaces only = yes #### Debugging/Accounting #### # This tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine # that connects # Cap the size of the individual log files (in KiB). # If you want Samba to only log through syslog then set the following # parameter to 'yes'. # syslog only = no # We want Samba to log a minimum amount of information to syslog. Everything # should go to /var/log/samba/log.{smbd,nmbd} instead. If you want to log # through syslog you should set the following parameter to something higher. # Do something sensible when Samba crashes: mail the admin a backtrace ####### Authentication ####### # "security = user" is always a good idea. This will require a Unix account # in this server for every user accessing the server. See # /usr/share/doc/samba-doc/htmldocs/Samba3-HOWTO/ServerType.html # in the samba-doc package for details. # security = user # You may wish to use password encryption. See the section on # 'encrypt passwords' in the smb.conf(5) manpage before enabling. # If you are using encrypted passwords, Samba will need to know what # password database type you are using. # This boolean parameter controls whether Samba attempts to sync the Unix # password with the SMB password when the encrypted SMB password in the # passdb is changed. # For Unix password sync to work on a Debian GNU/Linux system, the following # parameters must be set (thanks to Ian Kahan <<[email protected]> for # sending the correct chat script for the passwd program in Debian Sarge). # This boolean controls whether PAM will be used for password changes # when requested by an SMB client instead of the program listed in # 'passwd program'. The default is 'no'. # This option controls how unsuccessful authentication attempts are mapped # to anonymous connections ########## Domains ########### # Is this machine able to authenticate users. Both PDC and BDC # must have this setting enabled. If you are the BDC you must # change the 'domain master' setting to no # ; domain logons = yes # # The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set # It specifies the location of the user's profile directory # from the client point of view) # The following required a [profiles] share to be setup on the # samba server (see below) ; logon path = \\%N\profiles\%U # Another common choice is storing the profile in the user's home directory # (this is Samba's default) # logon path = \\%N\%U\profile # The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set # It specifies the location of a user's home directory (from the client # point of view) ; logon drive = H: # logon home = \\%N\%U # The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set # It specifies the script to run during logon. The script must be stored # in the [netlogon] share # NOTE: Must be store in 'DOS' file format convention ; logon script = logon.cmd # This allows Unix users to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR # RPC pipe. The example command creates a user account with a disabled Unix # password; please adapt to your needs ; add user script = /usr/sbin/adduser --quiet --disabled-password --gecos "" %u # This allows machine accounts to be created on the domain controller via the # SAMR RPC pipe. # The following assumes a "machines" group exists on the system ; add machine script = /usr/sbin/useradd -g machines -c "%u machine account" -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u # This allows Unix groups to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR # RPC pipe. ; add group script = /usr/sbin/addgroup --force-badname %g ########## Printing ########## # If you want to automatically load your printer list rather # than setting them up individually then you'll need this # load printers = yes # lpr(ng) printing. You may wish to override the location of the # printcap file ; printing = bsd ; printcap name = /etc/printcap # CUPS printing. See also the cupsaddsmb(8) manpage in the # cupsys-client package. ; printing = cups ; printcap name = cups ############ Misc ############ # Using the following line enables you to customise your configuration # on a per machine basis. The %m gets replaced with the netbios name # of the machine that is connecting ; include = /home/samba/etc/smb.conf.%m # Most people will find that this option gives better performance. # See smb.conf(5) and /usr/share/doc/samba-doc/htmldocs/Samba3-HOWTO/speed.html # for details # You may want to add the following on a Linux system: # SO_RCVBUF=8192 SO_SNDBUF=8192 # socket options = TCP_NODELAY # The following parameter is useful only if you have the linpopup package # installed. The samba maintainer and the linpopup maintainer are # working to ease installation and configuration of linpopup and samba. ; message command = /bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/linpopup "%f" "%m" %s; rm %s' & # Domain Master specifies Samba to be the Domain Master Browser. If this # machine will be configured as a BDC (a secondary logon server), you # must set this to 'no'; otherwise, the default behavior is recommended. # domain master = auto # Some defaults for winbind (make sure you're not using the ranges # for something else.) ; idmap uid = 10000-20000 ; idmap gid = 10000-20000 ; template shell = /bin/bash # The following was the default behaviour in sarge, # but samba upstream reverted the default because it might induce # performance issues in large organizations. # See Debian bug #368251 for some of the consequences of *not* # having this setting and smb.conf(5) for details. ; winbind enum groups = yes ; winbind enum users = yes # Setup usershare options to enable non-root users to share folders # with the net usershare command. # Maximum number of usershare. 0 (default) means that usershare is disabled. ; usershare max shares = 100 # Allow users who've been granted usershare privileges to create # public shares, not just authenticated ones #======================= Share Definitions ======================= # Un-comment the following (and tweak the other settings below to suit) # to enable the default home directory shares. This will share each # user's home director as \\server\username ;[homes] ; comment = Home Directories ; browseable = no # By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change the # next parameter to 'no' if you want to be able to write to them. ; read only = yes # File creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to # create files with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775. ; create mask = 0700 # Directory creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to # create dirs. with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775. ; directory mask = 0700 # By default, \\server\username shares can be connected to by anyone # with access to the samba server. Un-comment the following parameter # to make sure that only "username" can connect to \\server\username # The following parameter makes sure that only "username" can connect # # This might need tweaking when using external authentication schemes ; valid users = %S # Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons # (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.) ;[netlogon] ; comment = Network Logon Service ; path = /home/samba/netlogon ; guest ok = yes ; read only = yes # Un-comment the following and create the profiles directory to store # users profiles (see the "logon path" option above) # (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.) # The path below should be writable by all users so that their # profile directory may be created the first time they log on ;[profiles] ; comment = Users profiles ; path = /home/samba/profiles ; guest ok = no ; browseable = no ; create mask = 0600 ; directory mask = 0700 [printers] comment = All Printers browseable = no path = /var/spool/samba printable = yes guest ok = no read only = yes create mask = 0700 # Windows clients look for this share name as a source of downloadable # printer drivers [print$] comment = Printer Drivers browseable = yes writeable = no path = /var/lib/samba/printers # Uncomment to allow remote administration of Windows print drivers. # You may need to replace 'lpadmin' with the name of the group your # admin users are members of. # Please note that you also need to set appropriate Unix permissions # to the drivers directory for these users to have write rights in it ; write list = root, @lpadmin # A sample share for sharing your CD-ROM with others. ;[cdrom] ; comment = Samba server's CD-ROM ; read only = yes ; locking = no ; path = /cdrom ; guest ok = yes # The next two parameters show how to auto-mount a CD-ROM when the # cdrom share is accesed. For this to work /etc/fstab must contain # an entry like this: # # /dev/scd0 /cdrom iso9660 defaults,noauto,ro,user 0 0 # # The CD-ROM gets unmounted automatically after the connection to the # # If you don't want to use auto-mounting/unmounting make sure the CD # is mounted on /cdrom # ; preexec = /bin/mount /cdrom ; postexec = /bin/umount /cdrom [mediafiles] path = /media/multimedia/

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  • Apache2 can't close connections with restart

    - by Theta
    I'm running a Debian webserver with Apache2 and the restart command started giving me an error. root@srv:~# service apache2 stop Stopping web server: apache2. root@srv:~# service apache2 start Starting web server: apache2(98)Address already in use: make_sock: could not bind to address [::]:80 (98)Address already in use: make_sock: could not bind to address 0.0.0.0:80 no listening sockets available, shutting down Unable to open logs Action 'start' failed. The Apache error log may have more information. failed! Occasionally it actually will restart without a problem but usually I have to killall -9 apache2 first. Someone on the Debian IRC had me check my active apache2 connections and it turns out they aren't quitting and dozens of them are staying open. How can I get these to eventually time out?

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  • ssh tunnel error "ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host"

    - by Jacob Ewing
    I'm trying to use an ssh tunnel from my office machine to my home machine, and get an error when I try to use it. What I'm doing is starting one shell like so: ssh -gL 12345:my.home.domain:22 my.home.domain This is giving me a proper shell, no problem. What I normally do then is ssh to my home machine through this office machine, like so: ssh -p 12345 127.0.0.1 This has always worked for me, until last week, when I set up a new system on my home machine (switching from Ubuntu to Debian). Now I get an error. I can still open up my initial ssh connection, but when I try to use that tunnel, I get (on the office machine) this error: ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host Also, when that happens, the open shell that I have the tunnelling set up through gets this line spat out at it: channel 3: open failed: connect failed: Connection timed out At which point, I'm at a loss. If any more info is needed, I'll be happy to post it. ============= further to that ============== After fiddling around further, I've found that I'm getting a different response from the server (my home machine that is) when I try to telnet in on the various ports. If I try: telnet my.home.domain 22 I get this back: Trying <my ip address>... Connected to <my domain>. Escape character is '^]'. SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.5p1 Debian-6+squeeze2 Which is what I would expect. After setting up the tunnel though, and then telnetting to that, I see this response: Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to 127.0.0.1. Escape character is '^]'. ============== and further still ================== As per kbulgrien's suggestion, here is the output from the client machine with the -v option: ssh -vp 24600 127.0.0.1 OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1, OpenSSL 1.0.1 14 Mar 2012 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for * debug1: Connecting to 127.0.0.1 [127.0.0.1] port 24600. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/jacob/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/jacob/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/jacob/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/jacob/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/jacob/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/jacob/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1 ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host

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  • Easiest linux distro creation

    - by QAH
    Hello everyone! I have been trying to create my own customized distro of linux (preferably some kind of Debian system like Debian, Ubuntu, Knoppix, etc). I want to make it specifically for playing games. This is just a pet project for me and while I know linux pretty well (bash, gcc, g++, gdb, etc), I'm not that great with knowing the kernel. So that puts making my own distro from scratch out of the question. I went on to trying to create remasters of Knoppix and it worked for me but it was a very long process since knoppix is meant to be a live CD and I was running it in VirtualBox. So what is the easiest and fastest method of making your own distro? Also, can I install ubuntu or some kind of linux to a computer make changes to it, and then make a distro off of that installation? Please help me with this, Thanks

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  • OS for Virtual Private Server (VPS)

    - by B. Stran
    Hi guys! I'm new to VPS managing and I need to chose which OS to install on my VPS. I have the following alternatives: CentOS 5.2 Ubuntu 9.10 Ubuntu Server edition 8.10 Debian 5.0 Lenny Debian 4.0 Etch Gentoo Minimal 10.0 I tried to install couple of them, I've also installed Webmin and doesn't really see any big differences among them. Which one would you suggest for someone who is just learning (but it's going to be a working server as soon as I'm done with testing)? Which one uses less resources (I have only 256 MB of RAM)? Any suggestions are greatly appreciated.

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  • NFS and KVM. Slow Speed

    - by Javier Martinez
    I have a KVM virtualization in Debian with 2 guests (Debian and Windows 2008). I want to have a 'mount point' shared that can be accessed by the 3 system (host and 2 guests) at the same time. So the only thing that I found was a NFS/SMB network storage. I picked NFS Due to my Ethernet network (10/100), the speed average that I get between accessing/transfering files between the 3 system is always 8~10MB/s. The point is if is there any chance of get a boost system for sharing files between 3 system (at the same time) without wasting the speed of my SATA disks. I mean, without the Ethernet limitation of 10 MB/s

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