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• SQL Server and Hyper-V Dynamic Memory - Part 1

  - by SQLOS Team

  SQL and Dynamic Memory Blog Post Series   Hyper-V Dynamic Memory is a new feature in Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 that allows the memory assigned to guest virtual machines to vary according to demand. Using this feature with SQL Server is supported, but how well does it work in an environment where available memory can vary dynamically, especially since SQL Server likes memory, and is not very eager to let go of it? The next three posts will look at this question in detail. In Part 1 Serdar Sutay, a program manager in the Windows Hyper-V team, introduces Dynamic Memory with an overview of the basic architecture, configuration and monitoring concepts. In subsequent parts we will look at SQL Server memory handling, and develop some guidelines on using SQL Server with Dynamic Memory.   Part 1: Dynamic Memory Introduction   In virtualized environments memory is often the bottleneck for reaching higher VM densities. In Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 Hyper-V introduced a new feature “Dynamic Memory” to improve VM densities on Hyper-V hosts. Dynamic Memory increases the memory utilization in virtualized environments by enabling VM memory to be changed dynamically when the VM is running.   This brings up the question of how to utilize this feature with SQL Server VMs as SQL Server performance is very sensitive to the memory being used. In the next three posts we’ll discuss the internals of Dynamic Memory, SQL Server Memory Management and how to use Dynamic Memory with SQL Server VMs.   Memory Utilization Efficiency in Virtualized Environments   The primary reason memory is usually the bottleneck for higher VM densities is that users tend to be generous when assigning memory to their VMs. Here are some memory sizing practices we’ve heard from customers:   ·         I assign 4 GB of memory to my VMs. I don’t know if all of it is being used by the applications but no one complains. ·         I take the minimum system requirements and add 50% more. ·         I go with the recommendations provided by my software vendor.   In reality correctly sizing a virtual machine requires significant effort to monitor the memory usage of the applications. Since this is not done in most environments, VMs are usually over-provisioned in terms of memory. In other words, a SQL Server VM that is assigned 4 GB of memory may not need to use 4 GB.   How does Dynamic Memory help?   Dynamic Memory improves the memory utilization by removing the requirement to determine the memory need for an application. Hyper-V determines the memory needed by applications in the VM by evaluating the memory usage information in the guest with Dynamic Memory. VMs can start with a small amount of memory and they can be assigned more memory dynamically based on the workload of applications running inside.   Overview of Dynamic Memory Concepts   ·         Startup Memory: Startup Memory is the starting amount of memory when Dynamic Memory is enabled for a VM. Dynamic Memory will make sure that this amount of memory is always assigned to the VMs by default.   ·         Maximum Memory: Maximum Memory specifies the maximum amount of memory that a VM can grow to with Dynamic Memory. ·         Memory Demand: Memory Demand is the amount determined by Dynamic Memory as the memory needed by the applications in the VM. In Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1, this is equal to the total amount of committed memory of the VM. ·         Memory Buffer: Memory Buffer is the amount of memory assigned to the VMs in addition to their memory demand to satisfy immediate memory requirements and file cache needs.   Once Dynamic Memory is enabled for a VM, it will start with the “Startup Memory”. After the boot process Dynamic Memory will determine the “Memory Demand” of the VM. Based on this memory demand it will determine the amount of “Memory Buffer” that needs to be assigned to the VM. Dynamic Memory will assign the total of “Memory Demand” and “Memory Buffer” to the VM as long as this value is less than “Maximum Memory” and as long as physical memory is available on the host.   What happens when there is not enough physical memory available on the host?   Once there is not enough physical memory on the host to satisfy VM needs, Dynamic Memory will assign less than needed amount of memory to the VMs based on their importance. A concept known as “Memory Weight” is used to determine how much VMs should be penalized based on their needed amount of memory. “Memory Weight” is a configuration setting on the VM. It can be configured to be higher for the VMs with high performance requirements. Under high memory pressure on the host, the “Memory Weight” of the VMs are evaluated in a relative manner and the VMs with lower relative “Memory Weight” will be penalized more than the ones with higher “Memory Weight”.   Dynamic Memory Configuration   Based on these concepts “Startup Memory”, “Maximum Memory”, “Memory Buffer” and “Memory Weight” can be configured as shown below in Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 Hyper-V Manager. Memory Demand is automatically calculated by Dynamic Memory once VMs start running.     Dynamic Memory Monitoring    In Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1, Hyper-V Manager displays the memory status of VMs in the following three columns:         ·         Assigned Memory represents the current physical memory assigned to the VM. In regular conditions this will be equal to the sum of “Memory Demand” and “Memory Buffer” assigned to the VM. When there is not enough memory on the host, this value can go below the Memory Demand determined for the VM. ·         Memory Demand displays the current “Memory Demand” determined for the VM. ·         Memory Status displays the current memory status of the VM. This column can represent three values for a VM: o   OK: In this condition the VM is assigned the total of Memory Demand and Memory Buffer it needs. o   Low: In this condition the VM is assigned all the Memory Demand and a certain percentage of the Memory Buffer it needs. o   Warning: In this condition the VM is assigned a lower memory than its Memory Demand. When VMs are running in this condition, it’s likely that they will exhibit performance problems due to internal paging happening in the VM.    So far so good! But how does it work with SQL Server?   SQL Server is aggressive in terms of memory usage for good reasons. This raises the question: How do SQL Server and Dynamic Memory work together? To understand the full story, we’ll first need to understand how SQL Server Memory Management works. This will be covered in our second post in “SQL and Dynamic Memory” series. Meanwhile if you want to dive deeper into Dynamic Memory you can check the below posts from the Windows Virtualization Team Blog:   http://blogs.technet.com/virtualization/archive/2010/03/18/dynamic-memory-coming-to-hyper-v.aspx   http://blogs.technet.com/virtualization/archive/2010/03/25/dynamic-memory-coming-to-hyper-v-part-2.aspx   http://blogs.technet.com/virtualization/archive/2010/04/07/dynamic-memory-coming-to-hyper-v-part-3.aspx   http://blogs.technet.com/b/virtualization/archive/2010/04/21/dynamic-memory-coming-to-hyper-v-part-4.aspx   http://blogs.technet.com/b/virtualization/archive/2010/05/20/dynamic-memory-coming-to-hyper-v-part-5.aspx   http://blogs.technet.com/b/virtualization/archive/2010/07/12/dynamic-memory-coming-to-hyper-v-part-6.aspx   - Serdar Sutay   Originally posted at http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqlosteam/

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• SQLAuthority News – Whitepaper – SQL Azure vs. SQL Server

  - by pinaldave

  SQL Server and SQL Azure are two Microsoft Products which goes almost together. There are plenty of misconceptions about SQL Azure. I have seen enough developers not planning for SQL Azure because they are not sure what exactly they are getting into. Some are confused thinking Azure is not powerful enough. I disagree and strongly urge all of you to read following white paper written and published by Microsoft. SQL Azure vs. SQL Server by Dinakar Nethi, Niraj Nagrani SQL Azure Database is a cloud-based relational database service from Microsoft. SQL Azure provides relational database functionality as a utility service. Cloud-based database solutions such as SQL Azure can provide many benefits, including rapid provisioning, cost-effective scalability, high availability, and reduced management overhead. This paper compares SQL Azure Database with SQL Server in terms of logical administration vs. physical administration, provisioning, Transact-SQL support, data storage, SSIS, along with other features and capabilities. The content of this white paper is as following: Similarities and Differences Logical Administration vs. Physical Administration Provisioning Transact-SQL Support Features and Types Key Benefits of the Service Self-Managing High Availability Scalability Familiar Development Model Relational Data Model The above summary text is taken from white paper itself. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQL White Papers, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology Tagged: SQL Azure

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• SQL Server and Hyper-V Dynamic Memory - Part 1

  - by SQLOS Team

  SQL and Dynamic Memory Blog Post Series   Hyper-V Dynamic Memory is a new feature in Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 that allows the memory assigned to guest virtual machines to vary according to demand. Using this feature with SQL Server is supported, but how well does it work in an environment where available memory can vary dynamically, especially since SQL Server likes memory, and is not very eager to let go of it? The next three posts will look at this question in detail. In Part 1 Serdar Sutay, a program manager in the Windows Hyper-V team, introduces Dynamic Memory with an overview of the basic architecture, configuration and monitoring concepts. In subsequent parts we will look at SQL Server memory handling, and develop some guidelines on using SQL Server with Dynamic Memory.   Part 1: Dynamic Memory Introduction   In virtualized environments memory is often the bottleneck for reaching higher VM densities. In Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 Hyper-V introduced a new feature “Dynamic Memory” to improve VM densities on Hyper-V hosts. Dynamic Memory increases the memory utilization in virtualized environments by enabling VM memory to be changed dynamically when the VM is running.   This brings up the question of how to utilize this feature with SQL Server VMs as SQL Server performance is very sensitive to the memory being used. In the next three posts we’ll discuss the internals of Dynamic Memory, SQL Server Memory Management and how to use Dynamic Memory with SQL Server VMs.   Memory Utilization Efficiency in Virtualized Environments   The primary reason memory is usually the bottleneck for higher VM densities is that users tend to be generous when assigning memory to their VMs. Here are some memory sizing practices we’ve heard from customers:   ·         I assign 4 GB of memory to my VMs. I don’t know if all of it is being used by the applications but no one complains. ·         I take the minimum system requirements and add 50% more. ·         I go with the recommendations provided by my software vendor.   In reality correctly sizing a virtual machine requires significant effort to monitor the memory usage of the applications. Since this is not done in most environments, VMs are usually over-provisioned in terms of memory. In other words, a SQL Server VM that is assigned 4 GB of memory may not need to use 4 GB.   How does Dynamic Memory help?   Dynamic Memory improves the memory utilization by removing the requirement to determine the memory need for an application. Hyper-V determines the memory needed by applications in the VM by evaluating the memory usage information in the guest with Dynamic Memory. VMs can start with a small amount of memory and they can be assigned more memory dynamically based on the workload of applications running inside.   Overview of Dynamic Memory Concepts   ·         Startup Memory: Startup Memory is the starting amount of memory when Dynamic Memory is enabled for a VM. Dynamic Memory will make sure that this amount of memory is always assigned to the VMs by default.   ·         Maximum Memory: Maximum Memory specifies the maximum amount of memory that a VM can grow to with Dynamic Memory. ·         Memory Demand: Memory Demand is the amount determined by Dynamic Memory as the memory needed by the applications in the VM. In Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1, this is equal to the total amount of committed memory of the VM. ·         Memory Buffer: Memory Buffer is the amount of memory assigned to the VMs in addition to their memory demand to satisfy immediate memory requirements and file cache needs.   Once Dynamic Memory is enabled for a VM, it will start with the “Startup Memory”. After the boot process Dynamic Memory will determine the “Memory Demand” of the VM. Based on this memory demand it will determine the amount of “Memory Buffer” that needs to be assigned to the VM. Dynamic Memory will assign the total of “Memory Demand” and “Memory Buffer” to the VM as long as this value is less than “Maximum Memory” and as long as physical memory is available on the host.   What happens when there is not enough physical memory available on the host?   Once there is not enough physical memory on the host to satisfy VM needs, Dynamic Memory will assign less than needed amount of memory to the VMs based on their importance. A concept known as “Memory Weight” is used to determine how much VMs should be penalized based on their needed amount of memory. “Memory Weight” is a configuration setting on the VM. It can be configured to be higher for the VMs with high performance requirements. Under high memory pressure on the host, the “Memory Weight” of the VMs are evaluated in a relative manner and the VMs with lower relative “Memory Weight” will be penalized more than the ones with higher “Memory Weight”.   Dynamic Memory Configuration   Based on these concepts “Startup Memory”, “Maximum Memory”, “Memory Buffer” and “Memory Weight” can be configured as shown below in Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 Hyper-V Manager. Memory Demand is automatically calculated by Dynamic Memory once VMs start running.     Dynamic Memory Monitoring    In Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1, Hyper-V Manager displays the memory status of VMs in the following three columns:         ·         Assigned Memory represents the current physical memory assigned to the VM. In regular conditions this will be equal to the sum of “Memory Demand” and “Memory Buffer” assigned to the VM. When there is not enough memory on the host, this value can go below the Memory Demand determined for the VM. ·         Memory Demand displays the current “Memory Demand” determined for the VM. ·         Memory Status displays the current memory status of the VM. This column can represent three values for a VM: o   OK: In this condition the VM is assigned the total of Memory Demand and Memory Buffer it needs. o   Low: In this condition the VM is assigned all the Memory Demand and a certain percentage of the Memory Buffer it needs. o   Warning: In this condition the VM is assigned a lower memory than its Memory Demand. When VMs are running in this condition, it’s likely that they will exhibit performance problems due to internal paging happening in the VM.    So far so good! But how does it work with SQL Server?   SQL Server is aggressive in terms of memory usage for good reasons. This raises the question: How do SQL Server and Dynamic Memory work together? To understand the full story, we’ll first need to understand how SQL Server Memory Management works. This will be covered in our second post in “SQL and Dynamic Memory” series. Meanwhile if you want to dive deeper into Dynamic Memory you can check the below posts from the Windows Virtualization Team Blog:   http://blogs.technet.com/virtualization/archive/2010/03/18/dynamic-memory-coming-to-hyper-v.aspx   http://blogs.technet.com/virtualization/archive/2010/03/25/dynamic-memory-coming-to-hyper-v-part-2.aspx   http://blogs.technet.com/virtualization/archive/2010/04/07/dynamic-memory-coming-to-hyper-v-part-3.aspx   http://blogs.technet.com/b/virtualization/archive/2010/04/21/dynamic-memory-coming-to-hyper-v-part-4.aspx   http://blogs.technet.com/b/virtualization/archive/2010/05/20/dynamic-memory-coming-to-hyper-v-part-5.aspx   http://blogs.technet.com/b/virtualization/archive/2010/07/12/dynamic-memory-coming-to-hyper-v-part-6.aspx   - Serdar Sutay   Originally posted at http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqlosteam/

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• Wireless will not connect

  - by azz0r

  Hello, I have installed Ubuntu 10.10 on the same machine as my windows setup. However, it will not connect to my wireless network. It can see its there, it can attempt to connect, yet it will never connect. It will keep bringing up the password prompt everyso often. I have tried turning my security to WEP, I ended up turning it back to WPA2. It is set to AES (noted a few threads on google about that). Can you assist? I would love to dive into Ubuntu, but without the internet its pointless. --- lshw -C network --- *-network description: Ethernet interface product: RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 02 serial: 00:1d:92:ea:cc:62 capacity: 1GB/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8168 driverversion=8.020.00-NAPI duplex=half latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=twisted pair resources: irq:29 ioport:e800(size=256) memory:feaff000-feafffff memory:f8ff0000-f8ffffff(prefetchable) memory:feac0000-feadffff(prefetchable) *-network description: Wireless interface physical id: 1 logical name: wlan0 serial: 00:15:af:72:a4:38 capabilities: ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn --- iwconfig ---- lo no wireless extensions. eth0 no wireless extensions. wlan0 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:"Wuggawoo" Mode:Managed Frequency:2.437 GHz Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=9 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Management:on --- cat /etc/network/interfaces ---- auto lo iface lo inet loopback logs deamon.log --- Jan 19 04:17:09 ubuntu wpa_supplicant[1289]: Authentication with 94:44:52:0d:22:0d timed out. Jan 19 04:17:09 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): supplicant connection state: associating -> disconnected Jan 19 04:17:09 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): supplicant connection state: disconnected -> scanning Jan 19 04:17:11 ubuntu wpa_supplicant[1289]: WPS-AP-AVAILABLE Jan 19 04:17:11 ubuntu wpa_supplicant[1289]: Trying to associate with 94:44:52:0d:22:0d (SSID='Wuggawoo' freq=2437 MHz) Jan 19 04:17:11 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): supplicant connection state: scanning -> associating Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> Activation (wlan0/wireless): association took too long. Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): device state change: 5 -> 6 (reason 0) Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> Activation (wlan0/wireless): asking for new secrets Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> Activation (wlan0) Stage 1 of 5 (Device Prepare) scheduled... Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> Activation (wlan0) Stage 1 of 5 (Device Prepare) started... Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): device state change: 6 -> 4 (reason 0) Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> Activation (wlan0) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) scheduled... Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> Activation (wlan0) Stage 1 of 5 (Device Prepare) complete. Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> Activation (wlan0) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) starting... Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): device state change: 4 -> 5 (reason 0) Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> Activation (wlan0/wireless): connection 'Wuggawoo' has security, and secrets exist. No new secrets needed. Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> Config: added 'ssid' value 'Wuggawoo' Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> Config: added 'scan_ssid' value '1' Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> Config: added 'key_mgmt' value 'WPA-PSK' Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> Config: added 'psk' value '<omitted>' Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: nm_setting_802_1x_get_pkcs11_engine_path: assertion `NM_IS_SETTING_802_1X (setting)' failed Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: nm_setting_802_1x_get_pkcs11_module_path: assertion `NM_IS_SETTING_802_1X (setting)' failed Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> Activation (wlan0) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) complete. Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): supplicant connection state: associating -> disconnected Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> Config: set interface ap_scan to 1 Jan 19 04:17:12 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): supplicant connection state: disconnected -> scanning Jan 19 04:17:13 ubuntu wpa_supplicant[1289]: WPS-AP-AVAILABLE Jan 19 04:17:13 ubuntu wpa_supplicant[1289]: Trying to associate with 94:44:52:0d:22:0d (SSID='Wuggawoo' freq=2437 MHz) Jan 19 04:17:13 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): supplicant connection state: scanning -> associating Jan 19 04:17:23 ubuntu wpa_supplicant[1289]: Authentication with 94:44:52:0d:22:0d timed out. Jan 19 04:17:23 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): supplicant connection state: associating -> disconnected Jan 19 04:17:23 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): supplicant connection state: disconnected -> scanning Jan 19 04:17:24 ubuntu AptDaemon: INFO: Initializing daemon Jan 19 04:17:25 ubuntu wpa_supplicant[1289]: WPS-AP-AVAILABLE Jan 19 04:17:25 ubuntu wpa_supplicant[1289]: Trying to associate with 94:44:52:0d:22:0d (SSID='Wuggawoo' freq=2437 MHz) Jan 19 04:17:25 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): supplicant connection state: scanning -> associating Jan 19 04:17:27 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> wlan0: link timed out. --- kern.log --- Jan 19 04:18:11 ubuntu kernel: [ 142.420024] wlan0: direct probe to AP 94:44:52:0d:22:0d timed out Jan 19 04:18:13 ubuntu kernel: [ 144.333847] wlan0: direct probe to AP 94:44:52:0d:22:0d (try 1) Jan 19 04:18:13 ubuntu kernel: [ 144.539996] wlan0: direct probe to AP 94:44:52:0d:22:0d (try 2) Jan 19 04:18:13 ubuntu kernel: [ 144.750027] wlan0: direct probe to AP 94:44:52:0d:22:0d (try 3) Jan 19 04:18:14 ubuntu kernel: [ 144.940022] wlan0: direct probe to AP 94:44:52:0d:22:0d timed out Jan 19 04:18:25 ubuntu kernel: [ 155.832995] wlan0: direct probe to AP 94:44:52:0d:22:0d (try 1) Jan 19 04:18:25 ubuntu kernel: [ 156.030046] wlan0: direct probe to AP 94:44:52:0d:22:0d (try 2) Jan 19 04:18:25 ubuntu kernel: [ 156.230039] wlan0: direct probe to AP 94:44:52:0d:22:0d (try 3) Jan 19 04:18:25 ubuntu kernel: [ 156.430039] wlan0: direct probe to AP 94:44:52:0d:22:0d timed out --- syslog --- Jan 19 04:18:46 ubuntu wpa_supplicant[1289]: Authentication with 94:44:52:0d:22:0d timed out. Jan 19 04:18:46 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): supplicant connection state: associating -> disconnected Jan 19 04:18:46 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): supplicant connection state: disconnected -> scanning Jan 19 04:18:48 ubuntu wpa_supplicant[1289]: WPS-AP-AVAILABLE Jan 19 04:18:48 ubuntu wpa_supplicant[1289]: Trying to associate with 94:44:52:0d:22:0d (SSID='Wuggawoo' freq=2437 MHz) Jan 19 04:18:48 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): supplicant connection state: scanning -> associating Jan 19 04:18:48 ubuntu kernel: [ 178.833905] wlan0: direct probe to AP 94:44:52:0d:22:0d (try 1) Jan 19 04:18:48 ubuntu kernel: [ 179.030035] wlan0: direct probe to AP 94:44:52:0d:22:0d (try 2) Jan 19 04:18:48 ubuntu kernel: [ 179.230020] wlan0: direct probe to AP 94:44:52:0d:22:0d (try 3) Jan 19 04:18:48 ubuntu kernel: [ 179.433634] wlan0: direct probe to AP 94:44:52:0d:22:0d timed out lspci and lsusb lspci -- 00:00.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] RS780 Host Bridge 00:02.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] RS780 PCI to PCI bridge (ext gfx port 0) 00:05.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] RS780 PCI to PCI bridge (PCIE port 1) 00:06.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] RS780 PCI to PCI bridge (PCIE port 2) 00:11.0 SATA controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 SATA Controller [AHCI mode] 00:12.0 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 USB OHCI0 Controller 00:12.1 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700 USB OHCI1 Controller 00:12.2 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 USB EHCI Controller 00:13.0 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 USB OHCI0 Controller 00:13.1 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700 USB OHCI1 Controller 00:13.2 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 USB EHCI Controller 00:14.0 SMBus: ATI Technologies Inc SBx00 SMBus Controller (rev 3a) 00:14.1 IDE interface: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 IDE Controller 00:14.2 Audio device: ATI Technologies Inc SBx00 Azalia (Intel HDA) 00:14.3 ISA bridge: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 LPC host controller 00:14.4 PCI bridge: ATI Technologies Inc SBx00 PCI to PCI Bridge 00:14.5 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 USB OHCI2 Controller 00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] HyperTransport Configuration 00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Address Map 00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] DRAM Controller 00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Miscellaneous Control 00:18.4 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Link Control 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation G80 [GeForce 8800 GTS] (rev a2) 02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 02) 03:00.0 FireWire (IEEE 1394): JMicron Technology Corp. IEEE 1394 Host Controller -- lsusb -- Bus 007 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 006 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 004 Device 003: ID 046d:c517 Logitech, Inc. LX710 Cordless Desktop Laser Bus 004 Device 002: ID 045e:0730 Microsoft Corp. Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 002 Device 003: ID 13d3:3247 IMC Networks 802.11 n/g/b Wireless LAN Adapter Bus 002 Device 002: ID 0718:0628 Imation Corp. Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 003: ID 046d:08c2 Logitech, Inc. QuickCam PTZ Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0424:2228 Standard Microsystems Corp. 9-in-2 Card Reader Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub With no security on my router I still can't connect, I get: Jan 19 15:58:01 ubuntu wpa_supplicant[1165]: Authentication with 94:44:52:0d:22:0d timed out. Jan 19 15:58:01 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): supplicant connection state: associating -> disconnected Jan 19 15:58:01 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): supplicant connection state: disconnected -> scanning Jan 19 15:58:02 ubuntu wpa_supplicant[1165]: WPS-AP-AVAILABLE Jan 19 15:58:02 ubuntu wpa_supplicant[1165]: Trying to associate with 94:44:52:0d:22:0d (SSID='Wuggawoo' freq=2437 MHz) Jan 19 15:58:02 ubuntu wpa_supplicant[1165]: Association request to the driver failed Jan 19 15:58:02 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): supplicant connection state: scanning -> associating Jan 19 15:58:05 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> wlan0: link timed out. Jan 19 15:58:07 ubuntu wpa_supplicant[1165]: Authentication with 94:44:52:0d:22:0d timed out. Jan 19 15:58:07 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): supplicant connection state: associating -> disconnected Jan 19 15:58:07 ubuntu NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): supplicant connec

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• Laptop with Intel Graphics: external VGA monitor only gets signal on boot (no "hot plugging")

  - by iveand

  I am able to get an external VGA monitor (or projector) to work if I start my laptop with it connected. However, if I start the laptop with it disconnected there is no signal on the external. The Displays screen shows the external, and thinks that it is active, but there is no signal being sent to it. This has been a persistent problem since 10.04 (I am now on 12.04.... each upgrade hoping something is improved). I should note that even when it works (starting with display connected), Displays still says the monitor is "unknown" (but it sends the signal). For the correct resolution to display, I have had to add a few xrandr lines for my monitor to my .xprofile file... otherwise resolution is limited to default 1024x768. So, resolution issues can be worked around, but the main issue is that the external doesn't get a signal without starting the machine with it connected. I have tried: adding i915.modeset=1 to grub (also i965.modeset=1 since someone posted that this helped even though lshw shows i915) adding following ppa and doing a dist-upgrade: sudo add-apt-repository ppa:xorg-edgers/ppa Here are the details: Laptop: Toshiba Tecra M10 lspci listings for video: 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation Mobile 4 Series Chipset Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:2a42] (rev 07) sudo lshw -C video listing: *-display:0 description: VGA compatible controller product: Mobile 4 Series Chipset Integrated Graphics Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 2 bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0 version: 07 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom configuration: driver=i915 latency=0 resources: irq:46 memory:ff400000-ff7fffff memory:e0000000-efffffff ioport:cff8(size=8) *-display:1 UNCLAIMED description: Display controller product: Mobile 4 Series Chipset Integrated Graphics Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 2.1 bus info: pci@0000:00:02.1 version: 07 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:ffc00000-ffcfffff "System Info" shows my graphics as the following Mobile Intel® GM45 Express Chipset x86/MMX/SSE2

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• Idea for a physics–computer science joint curriculum and textbook

  - by Ami

  (I apologize in advance if this question is off topic or too vague) I want to write (and have starting outlining) a physics textbook which assumes its reader is a competent computer programmer. Normal physics textbooks teach physical formulas and give problems that are solved with pen, paper and calculator. I want to provide a book that emphasizes computational physics, how computers can model physical systems and gives problems of the kind: write a program that can solve a set of physics problems based on user input. Third party open source libraries would be used to handle most of the computation and I want to use a high-level language like Java or C#. Besides the fact I'd enjoy working on this, I think a physics-computer science joint curriculum should be offered in schools and this is part of a large agenda to make this happen. I think physics students (like myself) should be learning how to use and leverage computers to solve abstract problems and sets of problems. I think programming languages should be thought of as a useful medium for engaging in many areas of inquiry. Is this an idea worth pursuing? Is the merger of these two subjects in the form of an undergraduate college curriculum feasible? Are there any specific tools I should be leveraging or pitfalls I should be aware of? Has anyone heard of college courses or otherwise that assume this methodology? Are there any books/textbooks out there like the one I'm describing (for physics or any other subject)?

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• Begin the Clone Wars Have!

  - by Antony Reynolds

  Creating a New Virtual Machine from an Existing Virtual Disk In previous posts I described how I set up an OEL6 machine under VirtualBox that can run an 11gR2 database and FMW 11.1.1.5.  That is great if you want the DB and FMW running in the same virtual image and it has served me well for some proof of concepts and also for some testing of different JVMs.  However I also wanted to run some testing of FMW with the database running on a separate physical machine.  So in this post I will show how to take a VirtualBox image and create a new image based on the disks from that original image. What are my Options? There is more than one way to skin a cat, or in this case to create two separate VMs that can run on different hardware.  Some of the options include: Create new virtual disk images for each new VM. Clone the existing disk images and point the new VM at the cloned images. Point the new VM at the existing snapshots. #1 is too much like hard work, install OEL twice, install a database again, install FMW again, run RCU again!  Life is too short! #2 is probably the safest way of doing things.  VirtualBox allows you to clone a disk image for use in a separate machine.  However this of course duplicates the disk and means that it is now occupying 3 times the space, once for the original disk and twice more for the two clones I would need. #3 is the most space efficient way of doing things.  It does mean however that I can only run the new “cloned” images if I have access to the original image because that is where the base snapshots reside.  However this is not a problem for me as long as I remember to keep all threee images together.  So this is the approach we will follow. Snapshot, What Snapshot? As we are going to create new virtual machines based on existing snapshots we need to figure out which snapshot to use.  We do this by opening the “Media Manager” from within VirtualBox and moving the mouse over the snapshot images until we find the snapshots we want – the snapshot name is identified in the “Attached to:” comment.  In my case I wanted the FMW installed snapshot because that had a database configured for FMW alongside the FMW software.  I made a note of the filename of that snapshot (actually I just noted the first 5 characters as that was all that was needed to uniquely identify the snapshot file). When we create the new machines we will point them at the snapshot filename we have just checked. Network or NotWork? Because we want the two new machines to communicate with each other when hosted in different physical machines we can’t use the default NAT networking mode without a lot of hassle.  But at the same time we need them to have fixed IP addresses relative to each other so that they can see each other whilst also being able to see the outside world. To achieve all these requirements I created two network adapters for each machine.  Adapter 1 was a standard NAT mapping.  This will allow each machine to get a dynamic IP address (10.0.2.15 by default) that can be used to access the external world through the VBox provided NAT gateway.  This is the same as the existing configuration. The second adapter I created as a bridged adapter.  This gives the virtual machine direct access to the host network card and by using fixed IP addresses each machine can see the other.  It is important to choose fixed IP addresses that are not routable across your internal network so you don’t get any clashes with other machines on your network.  Of course you could always get proper fixed IP addresses from your network people, but I have serveral people using my images and as long as I don’t have two instances of the same VM on the same network segment this is easier and avoids reconfiguring the network every time someone wants a copy of my VM.  If it is available I would suggest using the 10.0.3.* network as 10.0.2.* is the default NAT network.  You can check availability by pinging 10.0.3.1 and 10.0.3.2 from your host machine.  If it times out then you are probably safe to use that. Creating the New VMs Now that I had collected the data that I needed I went ahead and created the new VMs. When asked for a “Boot Hard Disk” I used the “Choose a virtual hard disk file…” link to find the snapshot I had previously selected and set that to be the existing hard disk.  I chose the previously existing SOA 11.1.1.5 install for both the new DB and FMW machines because that snapshot had the database with the RCU completed that I wanted for my DB machine and it had the SOA software installed which I wanted for my FMW machine. After the initial creation of the virtual machine go into the network setting section and enable a second adapter which will be bridged.  Make a note of the MAC addresses (the last four digits should be sufficient) of the two adapters so that you can later set the bridged adapter to use fixed IP and the NAT adapter to use DHCP. We are now ready to start the VMs and reconfigure Linux. Reconfiguring Linux Because I now have two new machines I need to change their network configuration.  In particular I need to change the hostname, update the hosts file and change the network settings. Changing the Hostname I renamed both hosts by running the hostname command as root: hostname vboxfmw.oracle.com I also edited the /etc/sysconfig file and set the correct hostname in there. HOSTNAME=vboxfmw.oracle.com Changing the Network Settings I needed to change the network configuration to give the bridged network a fixed IP address.  I first explicitly set the MAC addresses of the two adapters, because the order of the virtual adapters in the VirtualBox Manager is not necessarily the same as the order of the adapters in the guest OS.  So I went in to the System->Preferences->Network Connections screen and explicitly set the “Device MAC address” for the two adapters. Having correctly mapped the Linux adapters to the VirtualBox adapters I then set the Bridged adapter to use fixed IP addressing rather than DHCP.  There is no need for additional routing or default gateways because we expect the two machine to be on the same LAN segment. Updating the Hosts File Having renamed the machines and reconfigured the network I then updated the /etc/hosts file to refer to the new machine name add a new line to the hosts file to provide an additional IP address for my server (the new fixed IP address) add a new line for the fixed IP address of the other virtual machine 10.0.3.101      vboxdb.oracle.com       vboxdb  # Added by NetworkManager 10.0.2.15       vboxdb.oracle.com       vboxdb  # Added by NetworkManager 10.0.3.102      vboxfmw.oracle.com      vboxfmw # Added by NetworkManager 127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain   localhost ::1     vboxdb.oracle.com       vboxdb  localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6 To make sure everything takes effect I restarted the server. Reconfiguring the Database on the DB Machine Because we changed the hostname the listener and the EM console no longer start so I need to modify the listener.ora to use the new hostname and I also need to rebuild the EM configuration because it also relies on the hostname. I edited the $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora and changed the listening address to the new hostname:       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = vboxdb.oracle.com)(PORT = 1521)) After changing the listener.ora I was able to start the listener using: lsnrctl start I also had to reconfigure the EM database control.  I first deconfigured it using the command: emca -deconfig dbcontrol db -repos drop This drops the repository and removes any existing registered dbcontrols. I then re-configured it using the following command: emca -config dbcontrol db -repos create This creates the EM repository and then configures and starts dbcontrol. Now my database machine is ready so I can close it down and take a snapshot. Disabling the Database on the FMW Machine I set up the database to start automatically by creating a service called “dbora”.  On the FMW machine I do not need the database running so I can prevent it auto-starting by running the following command: chkconfig –del dbora Note that because I am using a snapshot it is not a waste of disk space to have the DB installed but not used.  As long as I don’t run it, it won’t cost me anything. I can now close the FMW machine down and take a snapshot. Creating a New Domain The FMW machine is now ready to create a new domain.  When creating the domain I can point it at the second machine which is running the database.  I can potentially run these machines on two separate physical machines as long as I have the original virtual machine available to both of the physical machines. Gotchas in Snapshotting VirtualBox does not support the concept of linked machines in a network like some virtualization technologies so when creating a snapshot it is a good idea to shut both VMs down and then take a snapshot on both of them.  This is because we want to keep the database in sync with the middleware.  One way to make sure that this happens would be to place all the domain configuration files on the database server via an NFS share, this would mean that all we would need to snapshot would be the database machine because that would hold all the state and configuration. The Sky’s the Limit We have covered a simple case of having just two machines.  I have a more complicated configuration in which two machine run a RAC database off the same base OS image, and two more machines run a SOA cluster based on the same OS image.  Just remember what machine holds state and what are the consequences of taking a snapshot.

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• ADDS: 1 - Introducing and designing

  - by marc dekeyser

  Normal 0 false false false EN-GB X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;} What is ADDS?  Every Microsoft oriented infrastructure in today's enterprises will depend largely on the active directory version built by Microsoft. It is the foundation stone on which all other products (Exchange, update services, office communicator, the system center family, etc) rely on to get their information. And that is just looking at it from an infrastructure perspective. A well designed and implemented Active Directory implementation makes life for IT personnel and user alike a lot easier. Centralised management and the abilities opened up  by having it in place are ample.  But what is Active Directory Domain Services? We can look at ADDS as a centralised directory containing all objects your infrastructure runs on in one way or another. Since it is a Microsoft product you'll obviously not be seeing linux or mac clients listed in here (exceptions exist) but in general we can say it contains everything your company has in place in one form or another.  The domain name services. The domain naming service (or DNS for short) is a service which translates IP address (the identifiers for each computer in your domain) into readable and easy to understand names. This service is a prequisite for ADDA to work and having wrong record in a DNS server will make any ADDS service fail. Generally speaking a DNS service will be run on the same server as the ADDS service but it is worth wile to remember that this is not necessary. You could, for example, run your DNS services on a linux box (which would need special preparing to host an ADDS integrated DNS zone) and run the ADDS service of another box… Where to start? If the aim is to put in place a first time implementation of ADDS in your enterprise there are plenty of things to consider depending on what you are going to do in the long run. Great care has to be taken when first designing and implementing as having it set up wrong will cause a headache down the line. It is for that reason that I like to start building from the bottom up and start with a generic installation of ADDS (which will still differ for every client) and make it adaptable for future services which can hook in to the existing environment. Adapting existing environments is out of scope for this document (and series) although it is possible to take the pointers and change your existing environment to run in a smoother manor. Take great care when changing things as one small slip of the hand can give you a forest wide failure… Whenever starting with an ADDS deployment I ask the client the following questions:  What are your long term plans and goals?  How flexible do you want it? Are you currently linux heavy and want to keep this or can we go for an all Microsoft design? Those three questions should give some sort of indicator what direction can be taken and if the client has thought about some things themselves :).  The technical side of things  What is next to consider is what kind of infrastructure is already in place. For these series I'll keep it simple and introduce some general concepts without going in to depth on integrating ADDS with other DNS services.  Building from the ground up means we need to consider our layers on which our infrastructure will rely. In my view that goes as follows:  Network (WAN/LAN links and physical sites DNS Namespacing All in one domain or split up in different domains/forests? Security (both for ADDS and physical sites) The network side of things  Looking at how the network is currently set up can potentially teach us a large deal about the client. Do they have multiple physical site? What network speeds exist between these sites, etc… Depending on this information we will design our site links (which controls replication) in future stages. DNS Namespacing Maybe the single most intresting thing to know is what the domain will be named (ADDS will need a DNS domain with the same name) and where this will be hosted. Note that active directory can be set up with a singe name (aka contoso instead of contoso.com) but it is highly recommended to never do this. If you do end up with a domain like that for some reason there will be a lot of services that are going to give you good grief in the future (exchange being one of them). So one of the best practises would be always to use a double name (contoso.com or contoso.lan for example). Internal namespace A single namespace is just what it sounds like. You have a DNS domain which is different internally from what the client has as an external namespace. f.e. contoso.com as an external name (out on the internet) and contoso.lan on the internal network. his setup is has its advantages in that you have more obscurity from the internet in the DNS side of this but it will require additional work to publish services to the web. External namespace Quite like the internal namespace only here you do not differ the internal namespace of the company from what is known on the internet. In this implementation you would host your own DNS servers for the external domain inside the network. Or in other words, any external computer doing a DNS lookup would contact your internal DNS server for the resolution. Generally speaking this set up is a bad idea from the security side of things. Split DNS Whilst using an external namespace design is fairly easy it involves a lot of security risks. Opening up you ADDS DSN servers for lookups exposes your entire network to the internet and should be avoided at any cost. And that is where the "split DNS" design comes in. In this setup up would still have the same namespace internally and externally but you would be using different DNS servers for lookups on the external network who have no records of your internal resources unless you explicitly publish them. All in one or not? In determining your active directory design you can look at the following possibilities:  Single forest, Single domain Single forest, multiple domains Multiple forests, multiple domains I've listed the possibilities for design in increasing order of administrative magnitude. Microsoft recommends trying to use a single forest, single domain in as much situations as possible. It is, however, always possible that you require your services to be seperated from your users in a resource forest with trusts set up between the different forests. To start out I would go with the single forest design to avoid complexity unless there are strict requirements to have multiple forests. Security What kind of security is required on the domain and does this reflect the physical security on the sites? Not every client can afford to have a domain controller in a secluded server room on every site and it is exactly for that reason that Microsoft introduced the RODC (read only domain controller). A RODC is a domain controller that has been limited in functionality, in essence it will only cache the data you explicitly tell it to cache and in the case of a DC compromise (it being stolen) only a limited number of accounts will need to be affected. Th- Th- Th- That’s all folks! Well at least for now! In future editions of this series we’ll be walking through the different task that need to be done and the thought which needs to be put in to it. But for all editions we’ll be going from the concept of running a single forest, single domain with a split DNS setup… See you next time!

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• Wireless with WEP extremely slow on an Acer Timeline 4810T with a Centrino Wireless-N 1000

  - by noq38

  I've upgraded an Acer Timeline 4810T to Ubuntu 11.10. Everything works fine except for the darn wireless interface (network manager). I just tested the wireless interface over a non-encrypted signal and it works beautifully. The issue is definitely related to WEP. Unfortunately, some of the networks I need to connect to are WEP encrypted, therefore this is a serious issue for me that is preventing me from using Ubuntu on my laptop. This was no problem in 11.04 and prior. Is there a simple solution for this? Any suggestions? Here's more hardware information. Hopefully this helps to debug the network issue: sudo lshw -class network *-network description: Wireless interface product: Centrino Wireless-N 1000 vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0 logical name: wlan0 version: 00 serial: 00:1e:64:3c:5e:e0 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=iwlagn driverversion=3.0.0-13-generic-pae firmware=39.31.5.1 build 35138 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn resources: irq:43 memory:d2400000-d2401fff lspci 02:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Centrino Wireless-N 1000 rfkill list 0: phy0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no 1: acer-wireless: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no Many thanks for your help! I just tested the wireless interface over a non-encrypted signal and it works beautifully. The issue is definitely related to WEP. Unfortunately, some of the networks I need to connect to are WEP encrypted, therefore this is a serious issue for me that is preventing me from using Ubuntu on my laptop. Any suggestions?

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• Understand how the TLB (Translation Lookaside buffer) works and interacts with pagetable and addresses

  - by Darxval

  So I am trying to understand this TLB (Translation Lookaside Buffer). But I am having a hard time grasping it. in context of having two streams of addresses, tlb and pagetable. I don't understand the association of the TLB to the streamed addresses/tags and page tables. a. 4669, 2227, 13916, 34587, 48870, 12608, 49225 b. 12948, 49419, 46814, 13975, 40004, 12707 TLB Valid Tag Physical Page Number 1 11 12 1 7 4 1 3 6 0 4 9 Page Table Valid Physical Page or in Disk 1 5 0 Disk 0 Disk 1 6 1 9 1 11 0 Disk 1 4 0 Disk 0 Disk 1 3 1 12 How does the TLB work with the pagetable and addresses? The homework question given is: Given the address stream in the table, and the initial TLB and page table states shown above, show the final state of the system also list for each reference if it is a hit in the TLB, a hit in the page table or a page fault. But I think first i just need to know how does the TLB work with these other elements and how to determine things. How do I even start to answer this question?

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• Running 64 bit Ubuntu distribution from 32 bit Ubuntu

  - by csg

  Related to this question How do I run qemu with 64bit processor on a 64bit machine?, I'm trying to run latest ubuntu 11.10 64bit distribution under Ubuntu 11.04 32 bit using qemu on a core2duo (64 bit cpu) machine, using following qemu parameters with no success. Error under qemu: "This kernel required an x86-64 CPU, but only detected an i686 CPU. Unable to boot - please use a kernel appropiate for your CPU" Isn't qemu suppose to emulate a 64 bit machine? I think I'm missing something, but I can't figure it out. qemu -cpu (kvm64|core2duo|qemu64) -boot d -cdrom ubuntu-11.10-desktop-amd64.iso qemu-system-x86_64 -boot d -cdrom ubuntu-11.10-desktop-amd64.iso Here is my uname -m i686 Here is my /proc/cpuinfo processor : 1 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 23 model name : Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU P8400 @ 2.26GHz stepping : 6 cpu MHz : 800.000 cache size : 3072 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 2 core id : 1 cpu cores : 2 apicid : 1 initial apicid : 1 fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 10 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm sse4_1 lahf_lm dts tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority bogomips : 4522.45 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management:

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• Atheros wireless not working

  - by Chandru1

  I have been struggling hard since i have installed Ubuntu 10.10 but it has been difficult for me to get my wifi working. So here is what i tried. First i checked whether i have the driver using the ifconfig command and it shows the wireless lan driver as wlan0. Next, i tried the command iwlist wlan0 scanning by becoming the root which gave me the output as no scan results. Next, i visited this link https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WifiDocs/Driver/Atheros to see as to what problem my laptop may have. I do own have an ath5k chipset. And as i followed the instructions in the above link in one of the blacklist-ath_pci.conf file had this written in it. For some Atheros 5K RF MACs, the madwifi driver loads buts fails to correctly initialize the hardware, leaving it in a state from which ath5k cannot recover. To prevent this condition, stop madwifi from loading by default. Use Jockey to select one driver or the other. (Ubuntu: #315056, #323830 I am not that good at Linux but i have given it a try. I am desperate to have my wifi working and i would be glad if this community could help. ADDED: If anyone would like to know as to what drivers i am using this is the output. network description: Wireless interface product: AR2413 802.11bg NIC vendor: Atheros Communications Inc. physical id: 3 bus info: pci@0000:0a:03.0 logical name: wlan0 version: 01 serial: 00:19:7d:d3:0c:fd width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=ath5k driverversion=2.6.35-24-generic firmware=N/A latency=168 link=no maxlatency=28 mingnt=10 multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bg resources: irq:18 memory:d0000000-d000ffff Some more information and output as to what i have done. lsmod | grep ath ath5k 130083 0 mac80211 231541 1 ath5k ath 8153 1 ath5k cfg80211 144470 3 ath5k,mac80211,ath led_class 2633 1 ath5k

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• WPA2 authentication fails on Ubuntu 12.04 using Rosewill RNX-N1

  - by user94156

  Decided to reduce the clutter in the house and replace a wired connection with a wireless one on my wife's system using USB network device Rosewill RNX-X1. I can see and connect to unprotected network, but WPA2 authentication repeatedly fails. RNX-X1 works on other systems (including TV); also have 2 of 'em and tried each. Worth noting that I recently switched from Comcast to CenturyLink and so switched routers. The system connected successfully to previous router (Linksys EA4500) using WPA2. Would think it is the router (Actiontec C1000A) but all other devices (TV, iPad, Windows, Blackberry, and Squeezebox) connect ok. Would appreciate some diagnostic guidance and insight (phrased for a newbie!) Tests to date: sudo lshw -class network *-network description: Ethernet interface product: RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 01 serial: 00:e0:4d:30:40:a1 size: 10Mbit/s capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm vpd msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=half firmware=N/A latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=MII speed=10Mbit/s resources: irq:47 ioport:ac00(size=256) memory:fdcff000-fdcfffff memory:fdb00000-fdb1ffff *-network description: Wireless interface physical id: 1 bus info: usb@1:2 logical name: wlan1 serial: 00:02:6f:bd:30:a0 capabilities: ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=rt2800usb driverversion=3.2.0-31-generic firmware=0.29 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn sudo lspci -v 00:00.0 RAM memory: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 Memory Controller (rev a2) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0 Capabilities: [44] HyperTransport: Slave or Primary Interface Capabilities: [dc] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable+ Fixed- 00:01.0 ISA bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 ISA Bridge (rev a2) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0 00:01.1 SMBus: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 SMBus (rev a2) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: 66MHz, fast devsel, IRQ 11 I/O ports at fc00 [size=64] I/O ports at 1c00 [size=64] I/O ports at 1c40 [size=64] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: nForce2_smbus Kernel modules: i2c-nforce2 00:01.2 RAM memory: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 Memory Controller (rev a2) Flags: 66MHz, fast devsel 00:02.0 USB controller: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 OHCI USB 1.1 Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 10 [OHCI]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 23 Memory at fe02f000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: ohci_hcd 00:02.1 USB controller: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 EHCI USB 2.0 Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 22 Memory at fe02e000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Capabilities: [44] Debug port: BAR=1 offset=0098 Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:04.0 USB controller: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 OHCI USB 1.1 Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 10 [OHCI]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 21 Memory at fe02d000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: ohci_hcd 00:04.1 USB controller: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 EHCI USB 2.0 Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 20 Memory at fe02c000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Capabilities: [44] Debug port: BAR=1 offset=0098 Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:06.0 IDE interface: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 IDE Controller (rev a1) (prog-if 8a [Master SecP PriP]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0 [virtual] Memory at 000001f0 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8] [virtual] Memory at 000003f0 (type 3, non-prefetchable) [size=1] [virtual] Memory at 00000170 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8] [virtual] Memory at 00000370 (type 3, non-prefetchable) [size=1] I/O ports at f000 [size=16] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: pata_amd Kernel modules: pata_amd 00:07.0 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 High Definition Audio (rev a1) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 820c Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 22 Memory at fe024000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable+ 64bit+ Capabilities: [6c] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed+ Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 00:08.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 01 [Subtractive decode]) Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=32 I/O behind bridge: 0000c000-0000cfff Memory behind bridge: fdf00000-fdffffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: fd000000-fd0fffff Capabilities: [b8] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device cb84 Capabilities: [8c] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- 00:09.0 IDE interface: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 AHCI Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 85 [Master SecO PriO]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 5407 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 23 I/O ports at 09f0 [size=8] I/O ports at 0bf0 [size=4] I/O ports at 0970 [size=8] I/O ports at 0b70 [size=4] I/O ports at dc00 [size=16] Memory at fe02a000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [8c] SATA HBA v1.0 Capabilities: [b0] MSI: Enable- Count=1/8 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [cc] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed+ Kernel driver in use: ahci 00:0b.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=02, subordinate=02, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 0000b000-0000bfff Memory behind bridge: fde00000-fdefffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fdd00000-00000000fddfffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:0c.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=03, subordinate=03, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 0000a000-0000afff Memory behind bridge: fdc00000-fdcfffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fdb00000-00000000fdbfffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:0d.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=04, subordinate=04, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00009000-00009fff Memory behind bridge: fda00000-fdafffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd900000-00000000fd9fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:0e.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=05, subordinate=05, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00008000-00008fff Memory behind bridge: fd800000-fd8fffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd700000-00000000fd7fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:0f.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=06, subordinate=06, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00007000-00007fff Memory behind bridge: fd600000-fd6fffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd500000-00000000fd5fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:10.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=07, subordinate=07, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00006000-00006fff Memory behind bridge: fd400000-fd4fffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd300000-00000000fd3fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:11.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=08, subordinate=08, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00005000-00005fff Memory behind bridge: fd200000-fd2fffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd100000-00000000fd1fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:12.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation C68 [GeForce 7050 PV / nForce 630a] (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 1406 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 21 Memory at fb000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M] Memory at e0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] Memory at fc000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M] [virtual] Expansion ROM at 80000000 [disabled] [size=128K] Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+ Kernel driver in use: nvidia Kernel modules: nvidia_current, nouveau, nvidiafb 00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] HyperTransport Technology Configuration Flags: fast devsel Capabilities: [80] HyperTransport: Host or Secondary Interface 00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Address Map Flags: fast devsel 00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] DRAM Controller Flags: fast devsel 00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Miscellaneous Control Flags: fast devsel Capabilities: [f0] Secure device <?> Kernel driver in use: k8temp Kernel modules: k8temp 03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 01) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 2305 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 47 I/O ports at ac00 [size=256] Memory at fdcff000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] [virtual] Expansion ROM at fdb00000 [disabled] [size=128K] Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [48] Vital Product Data Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] Express Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [84] Vendor Specific Information: Len=4c <?> Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting Capabilities: [12c] Virtual Channel Capabilities: [148] Device Serial Number 32-00-00-00-10-ec-81-68 Capabilities: [154] Power Budgeting <?> Kernel driver in use: r8169 Kernel modules: r8169 sudo rfkill list all 2: phy2: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no

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• Difference between Detach/Attach and Restore/BackUp a DB

  - by SAMIR BHOGAYTA

  Transact-SQL BACKUP/RESTORE is the normal method for database backup and recovery. Databases can be backed up while online. The backup file size is usually smaller than the database files since only used pages are backed up. Also, in the FULL or BULK_LOGGED recovery model, you can reduce potential data loss by performing transaction log backups. Detaching a database removes the database from SQL Server while leaving the physical database files intact. This allows you to rename or move the physical files and then re-attach. Although one could perform cold backups using this technique, detach/attach isn't really intended to be used as a backup/recovery process. Commonly it is recommended that you use BACKUP/RESTORE for disaster recovery (DR) scenario and copying data from one location to another. But this is not absolute, sometimes for a very large database, if you want to move it from one location to another, backup/restore process may spend a lot of time which you do not like, in this case, detaching/attaching a database is a better way since you can attach a workable database very fast. But you need to aware that detaching a database will bring it offline for a short time and detaching/attaching does not provide DR function. For more information about detaching and attaching databases, you can refer to: Detaching and Attaching Databases http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms190794.aspx

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• WPA2 authentication fails using USB network devices (Linksys and Rosewill)

  - by Greg Youtz

  Decided to reduce the clutter in the house and replace a wired connection with a wireless one on my wife's system using USB network device Rosewill RNX-X1. I can see and connect to unprotected network, but WPA2 authentication repeatedly fails. Tried the same with a Linksys USB network adapter. Both failed to authenticate. Worth noting that I recently switched from Comcast to CenturyLink and so switched routers. The system connected successfully to previous router (Linksys EA4500) using WPA2. Would think it is the router (Actiontec C1000A) but all other devices (TV, iPad, Windows, Blackberry, and Squeezebox) connect ok. Would appreciate some diagnostic guidance and insight (phrased for a newbie!) Tests to date: sudo lshw -class network *-network description: Ethernet interface product: RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 01 serial: 00:e0:4d:30:40:a1 size: 10Mbit/s capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm vpd msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=half firmware=N/A latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=MII speed=10Mbit/s resources: irq:47 ioport:ac00(size=256) memory:fdcff000-fdcfffff memory:fdb00000-fdb1ffff *-network description: Wireless interface physical id: 1 bus info: usb@1:2 logical name: wlan1 serial: 00:02:6f:bd:30:a0 capabilities: ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=rt2800usb driverversion=3.2.0-31-generic firmware=0.29 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn sudo lspci -v 00:00.0 RAM memory: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 Memory Controller (rev a2) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0 Capabilities: [44] HyperTransport: Slave or Primary Interface Capabilities: [dc] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable+ Fixed- 00:01.0 ISA bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 ISA Bridge (rev a2) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0 00:01.1 SMBus: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 SMBus (rev a2) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: 66MHz, fast devsel, IRQ 11 I/O ports at fc00 [size=64] I/O ports at 1c00 [size=64] I/O ports at 1c40 [size=64] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: nForce2_smbus Kernel modules: i2c-nforce2 00:01.2 RAM memory: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 Memory Controller (rev a2) Flags: 66MHz, fast devsel 00:02.0 USB controller: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 OHCI USB 1.1 Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 10 [OHCI]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 23 Memory at fe02f000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: ohci_hcd 00:02.1 USB controller: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 EHCI USB 2.0 Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 22 Memory at fe02e000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Capabilities: [44] Debug port: BAR=1 offset=0098 Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:04.0 USB controller: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 OHCI USB 1.1 Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 10 [OHCI]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 21 Memory at fe02d000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: ohci_hcd 00:04.1 USB controller: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 EHCI USB 2.0 Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 20 Memory at fe02c000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Capabilities: [44] Debug port: BAR=1 offset=0098 Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:06.0 IDE interface: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 IDE Controller (rev a1) (prog-if 8a [Master SecP PriP]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 3409 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0 [virtual] Memory at 000001f0 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8] [virtual] Memory at 000003f0 (type 3, non-prefetchable) [size=1] [virtual] Memory at 00000170 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8] [virtual] Memory at 00000370 (type 3, non-prefetchable) [size=1] I/O ports at f000 [size=16] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Kernel driver in use: pata_amd Kernel modules: pata_amd 00:07.0 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 High Definition Audio (rev a1) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 820c Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 22 Memory at fe024000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable+ 64bit+ Capabilities: [6c] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed+ Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 00:08.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 01 [Subtractive decode]) Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=32 I/O behind bridge: 0000c000-0000cfff Memory behind bridge: fdf00000-fdffffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: fd000000-fd0fffff Capabilities: [b8] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device cb84 Capabilities: [8c] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- 00:09.0 IDE interface: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 AHCI Controller (rev a2) (prog-if 85 [Master SecO PriO]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 5407 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 23 I/O ports at 09f0 [size=8] I/O ports at 0bf0 [size=4] I/O ports at 0970 [size=8] I/O ports at 0b70 [size=4] I/O ports at dc00 [size=16] Memory at fe02a000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8K] Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [8c] SATA HBA v1.0 Capabilities: [b0] MSI: Enable- Count=1/8 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [cc] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed+ Kernel driver in use: ahci 00:0b.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=02, subordinate=02, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 0000b000-0000bfff Memory behind bridge: fde00000-fdefffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fdd00000-00000000fddfffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:0c.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=03, subordinate=03, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 0000a000-0000afff Memory behind bridge: fdc00000-fdcfffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fdb00000-00000000fdbfffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:0d.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=04, subordinate=04, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00009000-00009fff Memory behind bridge: fda00000-fdafffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd900000-00000000fd9fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:0e.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=05, subordinate=05, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00008000-00008fff Memory behind bridge: fd800000-fd8fffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd700000-00000000fd7fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:0f.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=06, subordinate=06, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00007000-00007fff Memory behind bridge: fd600000-fd6fffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd500000-00000000fd5fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:10.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=07, subordinate=07, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00006000-00006fff Memory behind bridge: fd400000-fd4fffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd300000-00000000fd3fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:11.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation MCP67 PCI Express Bridge (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=08, subordinate=08, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00005000-00005fff Memory behind bridge: fd200000-fd2fffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fd100000-00000000fd1fffff Capabilities: [40] Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0000 Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] HyperTransport: MSI Mapping Enable- Fixed- Capabilities: [80] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:12.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation C68 [GeForce 7050 PV / nForce 630a] (rev a2) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 1406 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 21 Memory at fb000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M] Memory at e0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] Memory at fc000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M] [virtual] Expansion ROM at 80000000 [disabled] [size=128K] Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+ Kernel driver in use: nvidia Kernel modules: nvidia_current, nouveau, nvidiafb 00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] HyperTransport Technology Configuration Flags: fast devsel Capabilities: [80] HyperTransport: Host or Secondary Interface 00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Address Map Flags: fast devsel 00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] DRAM Controller Flags: fast devsel 00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Miscellaneous Control Flags: fast devsel Capabilities: [f0] Secure device <?> Kernel driver in use: k8temp Kernel modules: k8temp 03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 01) Subsystem: Biostar Microtech Int'l Corp Device 2305 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 47 I/O ports at ac00 [size=256] Memory at fdcff000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] [virtual] Expansion ROM at fdb00000 [disabled] [size=128K] Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [48] Vital Product Data Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/2 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [60] Express Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [84] Vendor Specific Information: Len=4c <?> Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting Capabilities: [12c] Virtual Channel Capabilities: [148] Device Serial Number 32-00-00-00-10-ec-81-68 Capabilities: [154] Power Budgeting <?> Kernel driver in use: r8169 Kernel modules: r8169 sudo rfkill list all 2: phy2: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no Would appreciate insight on how to chase this down.

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• SD Card Reader not working in Ubuntu 12.04

  - by tripkane

  I have a read many other posts on this issue and believe that Ubuntu 12.04 is not even recognizing my SD Card Reader as just that: Computer Model: Metabox (Australian builder of Clevo laptops) / Clevo P150EM OS: Ubuntu 12.04 (64 Bit) CPU: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-3720QM CPU @ 2.60GHz HD: 120GB Intel 550/520MB/s SSD According to the people who built my computer, the specs of the SD Card reader in my comp are as follows: Manufacture: Realtek Semiconduct Corp. Location: PCI bus 3 Hardware ID: PCI\Ven_10EC&DEV_5289&SUBSYS_51051558 Physical device object name: \Device\NTPNP_PCI0015 Here are the relevant outputs of the following commands run from the terminal: sudo lshw *-generic UNCLAIMED description: Unassigned class product: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0 version: 01 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:f6a00000-f6a0ffff sudo lspci -v -nn 03:00.0 Unassigned class [ff00]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. Device [10ec:5289] (rev 01) Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device [1558:5105] Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 4 Memory at f6a00000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [70] Express Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [b0] MSI-X: Enable- Count=1 Masked- Capabilities: [d0] Vital Product Data Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting Capabilities: [140] Virtual Channel Capabilities: [160] Device Serial Number 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 Does the unassigned details of these outputs mean that Ubunutu desn't know that the SD Card Reader is one and what do with it? and if so how should I go about fixing it?? Cheers ;)

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• Missing Operating System after trying to upgrade to Ubuntu 11

  - by Mauricio

  there! After trying to upgrade from Ubuntu 10.04 to 11, the upgrading process stopped when running and then I got an "out of disk, grub rescue" message when booting. After running Boot Repair, I got this results. Now I get "Missing Operating System" whent trying to boot. Bellow I show some results from some commands I gather from help foruns, but I still reached no solution. Could you please help me? Any enlightment will be very helpful! Disk Utility says "Disk has a few bad sectors". When trying to run the Self-test I get "FAILED (Read)" Here we have what Gparted says about the /dev/sda1 partition (ext4): Flags: boot Status: not mounted Warning: e2label: Attempt to read block from filesystem resulted in short read while trying to open /dev/sda1Couldn`t find valid filesystem superblockUnable to read the contents of this filesystem! From sudo fdisk -lI got: Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x000e0596 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 * 2048 607428607 303713280 83 Linux/dev/sda2 607430654 625141759 8855553 5 Extended/dev/sda5 607430656 625141759 8855552 82 Linux swap / SolarisDisk /dev/sdb: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000c3c41 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 63 625137344 312568641 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) " and fromsudo fdisk /dev/sda1I got fdisk: unable to read /dev/sda1: Inappropriate ioctl for device` From sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mntI got: mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sda1, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so From sudo update-grubI got: error: cannot read from `/dev/sda'. /usr/sbin/grub-probe: error: cannot find a device for / (is /dev mounted?).

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• Lendle Connects Kindle Owners for Cross-Country Book Lending

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  You can lend books from your Kindle library to other Kindle users but it’s not always easy to find people with books you want. Lendle is a social network for Kindle readers to share books with each other. If you have a Kindle (the physical Kindle or the software on your smartphone or computer) you can easily lend books to other Kindle users. The problem is that there is no good way for you to easily find out what books your friends have. Furthermore your friends simply may not be into books that you’re into. Enter Lendle, a free service that connects Kindle users across the US (currently the Kindle lending program is limited to US customers) so that they can share books with each other. Your real life friends may not be into vampire romance, for example, but plenty of people on Lendle are and would be happy to loan you books. The only requirements for participation in the Lendle system are: Kindle ownership (either the physical or software-based Kindle) as books you’re willing to lend out. In addition to benefiting from other user’s libraries, Lendle also gives users a small credit when they lend a book–credits are redeemable as Amazon.com gift certificates. Hit up the link below to read more and sign up for a free Lendle account. Lendle How to Use Offline Files in Windows to Cache Your Networked Files Offline How to See What Web Sites Your Computer is Secretly Connecting To HTG Explains: When Do You Need to Update Your Drivers?

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• We Need More Migration!

  - by rickramsey

  source Eva Mendez says, "Oye chico, do you really want to keep your data in that tired legacy file system when it could be enjoying encryption, compression, deduplication, snapshots, remote replication and other benefits provided by ZFS in Oracle Solaris 11? It's really not that hard to cross over. If you know how." "I don't know how, me dices? Esta bien, papacito. Go to OTN. Take my word for it. They know how." <blushing> Aw shucks, Eva. Anything for you! </blushing> The Best Way to Migrate Data From Legacy File Systems to ZFS To migrate data from a legacy filesystem to ZFS in Oracle Solaris 11, you need to install the shadow-migration package and enable the shadowd service. Then follow the simple procedure described by Dominic Kay. How to Update to Oracle Solaris 11 Using the Image Packaging System Oracle Solaris 11.1 has been released. You can upgrade using either Oracle's official Solaris release repository or, if you have a support contract, the Support repository. Peter Dennis explains how. How to Migrate Oracle Database from Oracle Solaris 8 to Oracle Solaris 11 How to use the Oracle Solaris 8 P2V (physical to virtual) Archiver tool, which comes with Oracle Solaris Legacy Containers, to migrate a physical Oracle Solaris 8 system with Oracle Database and an Oracle Automatic Storage Management file system into an Oracle Solaris 8 branded zone inside an Oracle Solaris 10 guest domain on top of an Oracle Solaris 11 control domain. - Ricardo Website Newsletter Facebook Twitter

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• SD-CARD reader does not show in ubuntu

  - by shantanu

  I bought Acer asipre 4250. It have built-in SD card reader. But it is not working. Nothing show in /media or fdisk but something in dmesg. dmesg: new high-speed USB device number 3 using ehci_hcd [ 127.396733] scsi5 : usb-storage 2-2:1.0 [ 128.526562] scsi 5:0:0:0: Direct-Access Multiple Card Reader 1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 [ 128.532512] sd 5:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0 [ 129.008110] ohci_hcd 0000:00:12.0: PCI INT A disabled [ 129.032083] ohci_hcd 0000:00:13.0: PCI INT A disabled [ 129.056411] ohci_hcd 0000:00:16.0: PCI INT A disabled [ 129.338026] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI removable disk [ 129.808328] ohci_hcd 0000:00:14.5: PCI INT C disabled [ 167.728616] usb 2-2: USB disconnect, device number 3 [ 169.872284] ehci_hcd 0000:00:13.2: PCI INT B disabled [ 169.872340] ehci_hcd 0000:00:13.2: PME# enabled fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0006bc6d Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 48828415 24413184 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 48828416 50829311 1000448 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 50829312 99657727 24414208 83 Linux /dev/sda4 99659774 625141759 262740993 5 Extended Partition 4 does not start on physical sector boundary. /dev/sda5 99659776 275439615 87889920 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda6 275441664 451221503 87889920 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda7 451223552 625141759 86959104 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT I found another problem just right now. I format last three drives as EXT4 with disk utility. But they are showing as NTFS/exFAT in fdisk. :-(

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• The Apple Passbook

  - by David Dorf

  In a previous job I worked on smart card systems.  Our vision was to replace the physical wallet with a chip card that contained stored value, credit cards, and loyalty cards.  The technology was up to the task, but the business model never worked out.  When all those things go onto a single card, who owns the card and maintains the applications?  Each bank wanted their own card with branding, so instead of consolidating lots of cards onto one, we ended up with the same number of cards, just more expensive chip cards.  The Costanza wallet would not die. More recently I've been able to move lots of these cards into iOS apps using products like CardStar, TripIt, and Fandango.  I guess moving from physical to digital is progress, but still no consolidation.  But this week Apple announced its Passbook, an iOS feature that consolidates boarding passes, loyalty cards, and movie tickets.  Another step in the right direction. We've been waiting for Apple to announce a NFC solution to take advantage of the 400 million credit cards it stores in iTunes for its customers.  Perhaps Passbook is the first step in that direction.  It wouldn't take much to add credit cards to Passbook, then enable secure transfer of the track data using a NFC equipped iPhone.  I've got to think this has to be part of the larger vision, but of course Apple is very secretive. I think the steps will be loyalty, coupons, and then payment when it comes to the evolving Passbook.  Retailers should keep an eye on Apple, and expect these things to happen in the Apple stores first.

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• Ubuntu installation does not recognize drive partitioning

  - by Woltan

  I have a 1TB drive and installed Windows 7 on a 128GB partition. When I now try to install Ubuntu 11.04 it does not recognize the Windows partition but offers the complete 1TB drive to install Ubuntu on instead. It displays: However, in the Ubuntu Disk Utility the Windows partitions are recognized. What do I need to do in order for Ubuntu to recognize the Windows 7 partition and install Ubuntu as a dual boot? Response to comments The following commands were executed and the results are shown below: fdisk -l WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x34a38165 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 13 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 13 16318 130969600 7 HPFS/NTFS Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x14a714a6 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 60801 488384001 83 Linux parted -l Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only. Error: /dev/sr0: unrecognised disk label

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• DVD RW+ Not showing up

  - by Manywa R.

  I'm running Ubuntu 12.10 on a Toshiba Satellite Pro A120 and my built in DVD Drive is not opening any cd/dvd/dvd rw that am trying to play on them. the drive seems to be mounted and recongnized: Output of sudo lshw: ... *-cdrom description: DVD-RAM writer product: DVD-RAM UJ-841S vendor: MATSHITA physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@1:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/cdrom logical name: /dev/cdrw logical name: /dev/dvd logical name: /dev/dvdrw logical name: /dev/sr0 version: 1.40 capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r dvd-ram configuration: ansiversion=5 status=ready *-medium physical id: 0 logical name: /dev/cdrom and the disk seems to start but hang with the dvd drive LED solid amber.... the output of jun@jun-Satellite-Pro-A120:~$ dmesg | grep "sr0" [679396.184901] sr 1:0:0:0: [sr0] Unhandled sense code [679396.184910] sr 1:0:0:0: [sr0] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE [679396.184920] sr 1:0:0:0: [sr0] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current] [679396.184931] sr 1:0:0:0: [sr0] Add. Sense: Id CRC or ECC error [679396.184942] sr 1:0:0:0: [sr0] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00 [679396.184965] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 0 [679396.184975] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 0 [679396.184984] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 1 [679396.184990] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 2 [679396.184996] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 3 [679396.185002] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 4 [679396.185008] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 5 [679396.185014] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 6 [679396.185020] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 7 [679396.185031] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 8 [679396.185038] Buffer I/O error on device sr0, logical block 9 [679396.185070] sr 1:0:0:0: [sr0] unaligned transfer [679396.185108] sr 1:0:0:0: [sr0] unaligned transfer Can someone help me through this? tired of moving around with an external dvd drive. Thanks

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• How to mount an external HDD?

  - by Slash

  I have Ubuntu Linux 12.04 version the latest right now.I want to mount an external HDD NTFS 1TB.I have followed many guides but still no success.The error I'm getting is this: Failed to read last sector (1953523119): Invalid argument HINTS: Either the volume is a RAID/LDM but it wasn't setup yet, or it was not setup correctly (e.g. by not using mdadm --build ...), or a wrong device is tried to be mounted, or the partition table is corrupt (partition is smaller than NTFS), or the NTFS boot sector is corrupt (NTFS size is not valid). Failed to mount '/dev/sdb1': Invalid argument The device '/dev/sdb1' doesn't seem to have a valid NTFS. Maybe the wrong device is used? Or the whole disk instead of a partition (e.g. /dev/sda, not /dev/sda1)? Or the other way around? Using Storage Device MAnager i get this error:Error mounting: mount exited with exit code 1: helper failed with: mount: only root can mount /dev/sdb1 on /media/Skliros_Diskos {external disk name} When I use sudo fdisk -l, this is the output: Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000e0bc6 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 618854399 309426176 83 Linux /dev/sda2 618856446 625141759 3142657 5 Extended /dev/sda5 618856448 625141759 3142656 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000202043392 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121600 cylinders, total 1953519616 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0002093a Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 2048 1953525167 976761560 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT

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• My Android phone isn't being detected by Ubuntu

  - by Lara

  This is what I've got from terminal, looks like it can see the phone as a USB device just fine but isn't showing up under fdisk so I can't mount it. It automounts just fine in my VMWare Windows. And Internet tethering works fine while under Linux (haven't tried under Windows). Here's lsusb: Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub Bus 002 Device 019: ID 04d9:1135 Holtek Semiconductor, Inc. Bus 001 Device 003: ID 05ca:18c0 Ricoh Co., Ltd Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0489:e00f Foxconn / Hon Hai Foxconn T77H114 BCM2070 [Single-Chip Bluetooth 2.1 + EDR Adapter] Bus 003 Device 010: ID 04e8:6860 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd Bus 002 Device 012: ID 046d:c315 Logitech, Inc. Classic New Touch Keyboard And here's sudo fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0001ff06 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 2048 681845797 340921875 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 * 681846784 845686783 81920000 83 Linux /dev/sda3 845686784 968566783 61440000 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda4 968568830 972475081 1953126 5 Extended /dev/sda5 968568832 972475081 1953125 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/mapper/cryptswap1: 2000 MB, 2000000000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243 cylinders, total 3906250 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xbe4c2ec7 Disk /dev/mapper/cryptswap1 doesn't contain a valid partition table

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