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• HDD from Mid-2009 MacBook Pro works OUTSIDE laptop, but not INSIDE.

  - by Jaime

  Leading up to the problem: I was working late one night on a Keynote presentation. My battery ran out, and the computer did that hibernation thing it does when there's no battery power. I got my charger, connected it to my computer, and then pushed the power button. It started up for a second in to the gray screen it usually goes to. Then I turned around, tugging the magsafe charger out of the connector on the computer. This caused my computer to shut down again. Now I can't get it to boot at all -- just a blinking folder icon with a question mark in it on boot up. I've tried pretty much everything to deal with this. Multiple forced reboots, resetting PRAM and NVRAM, etc. I booted to original OSX disc and ran disc utility, but I discovered that there is no disc to boot to. I ran the Apple Hardware Test, and it came back 100% good. I booted to an Ubuntu live-boot disc and ran that disc utility, just to see if it recognized a disc at all. It didn't. So I removed the HDD, and replaced it with a bootable volume running BSD. It didn't recognize that HDD either. I then attached my HDD to my computer via an external enclosure with a USB interface. Lo and behold, it booted! So my computer now only work with my HDD attached externally. This means that the HDD is functional. And the AHT returns no hardware malfunctions. So what the hell is going on? … In the meantime: I've put the HDD back into the computer but it still doesn't do anything at all (I'm running it externally right now). I just checked the serial number and my 1 year warranty expired recently, so I can't send it back for repair. … Little Help Thoughts? I've been searching everywhere for leads, but no luck. …

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• Custom built machine has much higher power consumption than expected

  - by foraidt

  I built a machine according to the specs of a computer magazine (c't, Germany). According to the magazine, the power consumption should be at around 10W. I don't want to go into the specifics of the hardware but rather ask for general advice on where to look: I updated the BIOS/UEFI version to the latest version, installed all the recommended drivers and unplugged all hardware that's not necessary to boot into Windows. All that was left is the power supply, mainboard, cpu, cpu cooler and one SSD drive. But still I measured a power consumption of 50W, which is 40W more than it should be. I tried booting Linux Mint from a USB stick, so I don't think it's some Windows-related problem.. Where else could I look? Update 1 I dind't want the question to get closed for being too localized but if more details are necessary, here they are: The system is a desktop PC. The power consumption is measured using a Brennenstuhl PM 231 device, which was tested also by c't and they found it quite accurate. The PSU is an Enermax ETL300AWT, the mainboard Intel DH87RL (Socket 1150) and the CPU Intel G3220 (Haswell). Update 2 There is no online version of the article*. The most details I found can be read on its project page (in German, though...) (*)You can pay for downloadable PDFs, however. English translation of that project page Update 3 Regarding the sceptics: It may sound ridiculous but apparently 10W idle consumption is possible with Intel's Haswell architecture. As a kind of proof, there's an additional Blog article explicitly listing the steps needed to reduce the idle consumption to 10W. Additional hardware: I measured the consumption without the HDD, and as expected the usage dropped by around 10W. I have no chassis fans and the CPU fan is a "Scythe Mugen 4" model. It runs at around 600rpm so I think it won't draw much. When stripping off all my extra components I should be at 10W. But I'm not getting anywhere near that. I would be happy to see "just" 15W in the stripped down version but currently I'm not getting below 50W no matter which component I remove. As I see it this cannot be explained by the PSU being less efficient at lower consumption. I also waited half an hour or so (also checked that no Windows updates were running in the background) and the consumption dind't drop by more than a few watts.

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• Hibernating and booting into another OS: will my filesystems be corrupted?

  - by Ryan Thompson

  Suppose I have Windows and Linux installed on the same computer. If I hibernate Windows, can I boot into Linux without corrupting the Windows filesystem when I resume Windows? What about the other way around? What if I hibernate one, boot into the other, and mount the hibernated filesystem read/write? Read-only? If this is unsafe, is there any way to detect the hibernated state of the other OS and prevent mounting its filesystem? Basically, how far can I push this before it breaks, and how dangerous is it near the edge? I think I know the answers to some of the above questions, but for other ones, I have no idea, and for obvious reasons I have not tested this on my own computer. If someone has tested these, please enlighten the rest of us. I'm not necessarily looking for a specific answer to every question; I'll accept any response that answers a reasonable portion. EDIT: Let me clarify that when I say "hibernate," I mean the process of writing the contents of RAM to the hard disk and completely powering down the computer. In this state, powering the computer back on brings you through the BIOS and bootloader again, and you could theoretically select another operating system on a multi-boot system. Anyway, on with the original question: RESULTS Ok, after everyone's assurances that this would work, I tested it for myself. I set up Ubuntu to remount all ntfs filesystems and external drives read-only before hibernating. There was no need for a similar Windows setup because Windows does not read Linux filesystems. Then, I tried alternately hibernating one operating system and resuming the other, back and forth a few times. I even tried mounting the Windows filesystem from Ubuntu read-write, and creating a few files. Windows didn't complain when I resumed. So, in conclusion, you can more or less freely hibernate in a dual-boot Windows/Linux scenario. Note that I did not test a dual Linux/Linux co-hibernation situation. If you have two or more Linux installs and you hibernate one of them, you might be able to corrupt the filesystem by mounting it from another.

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• PC freezing when used to print labels

  - by Will

  Hi I have a windows XP machine that is used to print labels from a Zebra label printer. It is connected a member of the domain. I am getting reports that when people try to use the computer it will sometimes be frozen to the point where they have to physically shut the machine down and boot to get it responding. (this happens about once a day). I took a look in Event Viewer and nabbed some of these errors out of it: Event Type: Error Event Source: Userenv Event Category: None Event ID: 1054 Date: 11/12/2010 Time: 9:13:04 AM User: NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM Computer: FS-LABELMACHINE Description: Windows cannot obtain the domain controller name for your computer network. (A socket operation was attempted to an unreachable host. ). Group Policy processing aborted. For more information, see Help and Support Center at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/events.asp. Event Type: Error Event Source: AutoEnrollment Event Category: None Event ID: 15 Date: 11/11/2010 Time: 11:08:25 PM User: N/A Computer: FS-LABELMACHINE Description: Automatic certificate enrollment for local system failed to contact the active directory (0x80072751). A socket operation was attempted to an unreachable host. Enrollment will not be performed. For more information, see Help and Support Center at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/events.asp. Hanging application MSACCESS.EXE, version 11.0.8166.0, hang module hungapp, version 0.0.0.0, hang address 0x00000000. For more information, see Help and Support Center at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/events.asp.... SearchIndexer (2420) Unable to write a shadowed header for file C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\Microsoft\Search\Data\Applications\Windows\MSS.chk. Error -1032. For more information, see Help and Support Center at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/events.asp. Failed auto update retrieval of third-party root list sequence number from: <http://www.download.windowsupdate.com/msdownload/update/v3/static/trustedr/en/authrootseq.txt> with error: A connection with the server could not be established For more information, see Help and Support Center at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/events.asp. I'm not really sure what to make out of this... Thanks for the help in advanced, Will

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• Hang while starting several daemons [solved]

  - by Adrian Lang

  I’m running a Debian Squeeze AMD64 server. Target runlevel after boot is runlevel 2, which includes rsyslogd, cron, sshd and some other stuff, but not dovecot, postfix, apache2, etc. The system fails to reach runlevel 2 with several symptoms: The system hangs at trying to start rsyslogd Booting into runlevel 1 works, then login from the console works Starting rsyslogd from runlevel 1 via /etc/init.d/rsyslog hangs Starting runlevel 2 with rsyslogd disabled works But then, logging in via console fails: I get the motd, and then nothing Starting sshd from runlevel 1 succeeds But then, I cannot login via ssh. Sometimes password ssh login gives me the motd and then nothing, sometimes not even this. Trying to offer a public key seems to annoy the sshd enough to not talk to me any further. When rebooting from runlevel 1, the server hangs at trying to stop apache2 (which is not running, so this really should be trivial). Trying to stop apache2 when logged in in runleve 1 does hang as well. And that’s just the stuff which fails all the time. RAM has been tested, dmesg shows no problems. I have no clue. Update: (shortened) output from rsyslogd -c4 -d called in runlevel 1 rsyslogd 4.6.4 startup, compatibility mode 4, module path '' caller requested object 'net', not found (iRet -3003) Requested to load module 'lmnet' loading module '/user/lib/rsyslog/lmnet.so' module of type 2 being loaded conf.c requested ref for 'lmnet', refcount 1 rsylog runtime initialized, version 4.6.4, current users 1 syslogd.c requested ref for 'lmnet', refcount now 2 I can kill rsyslogd with Strg+C, then. /var/log shows none of the configured log files, though. Update2: Thanks to @DerfK I still have no clue, but at least I narrowed down the problem. I’m now testing with /etc/init.d/apache2 stop (without an apache2 running, of course) which hangs as well and looks like an even more obvious failure. After some testing I found out that a file with one single line: /usr/sbin/apache2ctl configtest /dev/null 2&1 hangs, while the same line executed in an interactive shell works. I was not able to further reduce this line while, i. e. every single part, the stream redirections and the commando itself is necessary to reproduce the hang. @DerfK also pointed me to strace which gave a shallow hint about what kind of hang we have here: wait4(-1for the init scripts futex(0xsomepointer, FUTEX_WAIT_PRIVATE, 2, NULL for rsyslogd / apache2 binaries called by the init scripts The system was installed as a Debian Lenny by my hoster in autumn 2011, I upgraded it to Squeeze immediately and kept it up to date with Squeeze, which then used to be testing. There were no big changes, though. I guess I never tried to reboot the system before. Update3: I found the problem. My /etc/nsswitch.conf specified ldap as hosts lookup backup, which is not available at that time of the boot. Relying on dns solely fixes my boot problems.

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• Internet Working, Browsing Not.

  - by jeffreypriebe

  I have a very odd problem that I can't resolve. I am connected to the internet, but my browsing doesn't work. I don't mean a web browser - I mean browsing. Firefox, Chrome, Curl all fail to successfully connect to an HTTP address. However existing connections, e.g. to mail in Outlook (Exchange Server and also IMAP server) continue to work. Also, the internet is on, I can confirm both from my machine (other ports / connections) as well as from any other computer connected to the same network. Additionally, it appears to be HTTP, not simple a port issue as HTTP over port 8443 (Tortoise SVN if you must know - running over HTTP not over SVN) also fails. I am using Windows Vista SP2 (build 6002). It seems to "creep up" in that after running the computer for a few hours it will fail. (No found way to systematically reproduce the problem.) Additionally, it seems to be more prone on days where the internet connection is flaky already (not sure why the internet is flaky, just is, lot's of failed browsing requests and have to retry/reload often). What I have tried (when the problem arises) - none have yielded any resolution: Resetting the network connection (dis-connect, re-connect) Disable/re-enable the network adapter Double-checked the ip settings Double-checked the HOSTS file. Note: DNS continues to work (both new and cached responses to DNS queries). (Thanks for the suggestion Daniel and antenore.) Checked the routing tables (ip4 only as ipv6 is beyond my understanding) resetting all involved hardware (routers and modems) Close and reopen browsers Looked for malware interference: Run HijackThis Looked for suspicious processes using SysInternals procexp. Looked for explorer hijacks, lsa provider interference, winsock provider interference using SysInternals Autoruns. Run a complete anti-virus scan. Reviewed the output of a netstat -onab to see if there were stuck ports open or unusual processes running somewhere The only thing that works is to do a full reboot. That works 100% of the time to restore browsing. What else can I try to nail down the problem?

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• Mercurial browser on Windows 2003 takes several refreshes before displaying repositories

  - by Tim Murphy

  When attempt to browse my Mercurial repositories it usually takes several refreshes before the repository list is displayed. The configuration is as follows: Windows Server 2003 (Dedicated machine hosted by http://www.server4you.com/. Site has anonymous password protection with self-signed SSL. Mercurial 1.5.3 Python 2.6.5 Python for Windows 32 extensions 214 py2.6 isapi-wsgi 0.4.2 The repositories are being served via ISAPI using the standard hgwebdir_wspi.py file (copy to follow). Other problems with the repository server: Before doing a clone/push/etc I have to browse the repositories first otherwise hg on my local machine can not locate the site. I have one a repository with a large changeset that after a minute or so throw error "abort: error: An existing connection was forcibly closed by the remote host". Will be asking another question for this problem. What can I do to start tracking down this problem? hgwebdir_wsgi.py # Configuration file location hgweb_config = r'C:\Public\Mercurial\WebSite\hgweb.config' # Global settings for IIS path translation path_strip = 0 # Strip this many path elements off (when using url rewrite) path_prefix = 0 # This many path elements are prefixes (depends on the # virtual path of the IIS application). import sys # Adjust python path if this is not a system-wide install #sys.path.insert(0, r'c:\path\to\python\lib') # Enable tracing. Run 'python -m win32traceutil' to debug if hasattr(sys, 'isapidllhandle'): import win32traceutil # To serve pages in local charset instead of UTF-8, remove the two lines below import os os.environ['HGENCODING'] = 'UTF-8' import isapi_wsgi from mercurial import demandimport; demandimport.enable() from mercurial.hgweb.hgwebdir_mod import hgwebdir # Example tweak: Replace isapi_wsgi's handler to provide better error message # Other stuff could also be done here, like logging errors etc. class WsgiHandler(isapi_wsgi.IsapiWsgiHandler): error_status = '500 Internal Server Error' # less silly error message isapi_wsgi.IsapiWsgiHandler = WsgiHandler # Only create the hgwebdir instance once application = hgwebdir(hgweb_config) def handler(environ, start_response): # Translate IIS's weird URLs url = environ['SCRIPT_NAME'] + environ['PATH_INFO'] paths = url[1:].split('/')[path_strip:] script_name = '/' + '/'.join(paths[:path_prefix]) path_info = '/'.join(paths[path_prefix:]) if path_info: path_info = '/' + path_info environ['SCRIPT_NAME'] = script_name environ['PATH_INFO'] = path_info return application(environ, start_response) def __ExtensionFactory__(): return isapi_wsgi.ISAPISimpleHandler(handler) if __name__=='__main__': from isapi.install import * params = ISAPIParameters() HandleCommandLine(params) hgweb.config [paths] / = C:\Public\Mercurial\Repositories\* [web] allow_archive = bz2 gz zip ; Allows archive downloads. allow_push = ######## ; Users that are allowed to push.

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• Hyper-V causes boot loop/failure on a non-Gigabyte Win8 Pro system

  - by Nick

  Hardware: Intel i7 2600K (not overclocked, SLAT compatible, virt. features enabled in bios) Asus Maximus IV Extreme-Z (Z68) 16Gb RAM 256Gb SSD Other non-trivial working parts Adding Hyper-V is causing a boot loop resulting in an attempt at automatic repair by Windows 8 after the second or third loop: I'm trying to get the Windows Phone 8 SDK installed and I've narrowed down my troubles to the Hyper-V feature in Win8. This is required to run the WP8 emulator and there are no install options to omit this feature. My first attempt completely borked the OS as I did not have a recent restore point or system image, so I did a completely clean install and made plenty of backups/restore points. I skipped the SDK install and went straight for the windows feature add-on for Hyper-V. This confirmed that Hyper-V is the issue as the same behavior resulted. I cannot find any hint in the Event Logs. Cancelling automatic recovery causes the same behavior to repeat. I don't have any other VM products installed. My only recourse is to use a restore point, try something else, install it again, and see what happens. No luck so far. I'm on my 10th attempt here. Any help would be much appreciated. EDIT: I found a collection of tips here.. http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/wptools/thread/b06cc9f2-aa5e-4cb3-9df1-0c273e1dfd68 So i've been attempting various bios settings to resolve this issue with no luck. I've tried setting 'CPUID Limit' to disabled. This seems to work partly as Win8 boots but no USB devices work at all. I also attempted disabling the usb 3.0 controller as the msdn topic lists an issue with USB controllers on Gigabyte boards. This also doesn't work. The USB devices light up but no input is received by the OS. All of my other bios CPU settings are in line with the info in the post. I'm totally stumped. Bios screenshots: http://i.imgur.com/yKN5u.png http://i.imgur.com/Y9wI4.png http://i.imgur.com/F6EuO.png

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• 500 Internal Server Error when setting up Apache on Ubuntu+Django

  - by ApacheQ

  I tried with Apache on ubuntu 9.04 and get the same error: Internal Server Error The server encountered an internal error or misconfiguration and was unable to complete your request. Please contact the server administrator, webmaster@localhost and inform them of the time the error occurred, and anything you might have done that may have caused the error. More information about this error may be available in the server error log. And my apache/error.log is: [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] ServerName: 'sapint2' [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] DocumentRoot: '/etc/apache2/htdocs' [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] URI: '/' [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] Location: '/' [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] Directory: None [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] Filename: '/etc/apache2/htdocs' [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] PathInfo: '/' [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] Traceback (most recent call last): [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/mod_python/importer.py", line 1537, in HandlerDispatch\n default=default_handler, arg=req, silent=hlist.silent) [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/mod_python/importer.py", line 1229, in _process_target\n result = _execute_target(config, req, object, arg) [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/mod_python/importer.py", line 1128, in _execute_target\n result = object(arg) [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/modpython.py", line 180, in handler\n return ModPythonHandler()(req) [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/modpython.py", line 142, in call\n self.load_middleware() [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 45, in load_middleware\n mod = import_module(mw_module) [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module\n import(name) [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/sessions/middleware.py", line 4, in \n from django.utils.cache import patch_vary_headers [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/utils/cache.py", line 25, in \n from django.core.cache import get_cache [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/cache/init.py", line 187, in \n cache = get_cache(DEFAULT_CACHE_ALIAS) [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/cache/init.py", line 179, in get_cache\n cache = backend_cls(location, params) [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/cache/backends/memcached.py", line 139, in init\n "Memcached cache backend requires either the 'memcache' or 'cmemcache' library" [Sat Oct 06 09:32:04 2012] [error] [client 10.0.64.10] InvalidCacheBackendError: Memcached cache backend requires either the 'memcache' or 'cmemcache' library [Sat Oct 06 09:51:30 2012] [notice] caught SIGTERM, shutting down [Sat Oct 06 09:51:31 2012] [notice] mod_python: Creating 8 session mutexes based on 150 max processes and 0 max threads. [Sat Oct 06 09:51:31 2012] [notice] mod_python: using mutex_directory /tmp [Sat Oct 06 09:51:31 2012] [notice] Apache/2.2.17 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.3.5-1ubuntu7.11 with Suhosin-Patch mod_python/3.3.1 Python/2.7.1+ mod_wsgi/3.3 configured -- resuming normal operations I need some help Thanks

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• Explanation of the init.d/scripts Fedora

  - by Shahmir Javaid

  Below is a copy of vsftpd, i need some explanations of some of the scripts mentioned below in this script: #!/bin/bash # ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: vsftpd # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $named $remote_fs $syslog # Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $named $remote_fs $syslog # Short-Description: Very Secure Ftp Daemon # Description: vsftpd is a Very Secure FTP daemon. It was written completely from # scratch ### END INIT INFO # vsftpd This shell script takes care of starting and stopping # standalone vsftpd. # # chkconfig: - 60 50 # description: Vsftpd is a ftp daemon, which is the program \ # that answers incoming ftp service requests. # processname: vsftpd # config: /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network RETVAL=0 prog="vsftpd" start() { # Start daemons. # Check that networking is up. [ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 1 [ -x /usr/sbin/vsftpd ] || exit 1 if [ -d /etc/vsftpd ] ; then CONFS=`ls /etc/vsftpd/*.conf 2>/dev/null` [ -z "$CONFS" ] && exit 6 for i in $CONFS; do site=`basename $i .conf` echo -n $"Starting $prog for $site: " daemon /usr/sbin/vsftpd $i RETVAL=$? echo if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then touch /var/lock/subsys/$prog break else if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog ]; then RETVAL=0 break fi fi done else RETVAL=1 fi return $RETVAL } stop() { # Stop daemons. echo -n $"Shutting down $prog: " killproc $prog RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog return $RETVAL } # See how we were called. case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; restart|reload) stop start RETVAL=$? ;; condrestart|try-restart|force-reload) if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog ]; then stop start RETVAL=$? fi ;; status) status $prog RETVAL=$? ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|try-restart|force-reload|status}" exit 1 esac exit $RETVAL Question I What the hell is the difference between the && and || signs in the below commands, and is it just an easy way to do a simple if check or is it completely different to a if[..something..]; then ..something.. fi: # Check that networking is up. [ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 1 [ -x /usr/sbin/vsftpd ] || exit 1 Question II i get what -eq and -gt is (equal to, greater than) but is there a simple website that explains what -x, -d and -f are? Any help would be apreciated Running Fedora 12 on my OS. Script copied from /etc/init.d/vsftpd Question III It says required starts are $local_fs $network $named $remote_fs $syslog but i cant see any where it checks for those.

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• Sendmail Tuning For Batch Mail Jobs

  - by Kyle Brandt

  I have a webservers that send out emails to a sendmail relay server as a batch job. The emails need to be accepted by the relay sendmail server as fast as possible, however, they do not need to go out (be relayed) very quickly. I am seeing a couple timeouts once and a while from the webserver trying to connect to the relay server. The load currently is about 30 emails a second for a couple minutes. There are quite a few tuning options for sendmail in the sendmail tuning guide. What I am focusing on now is the Delivery Mode: Delivery Mode There are a number of delivery modes that sendmail can operate in, set by the DeliveryMode ( d) configuration option. These modes specify how quickly mail will be delivered. Legal modes are: i deliver interactively (synchronously) b deliver in background (asynchronously) q queue only (don't deliver) d defer delivery attempts (don't deliver) There are tradeoffs. Mode i gives the sender the quickest feedback, but may slow down some mailers and is hardly ever necessary. Mode b delivers promptly but can cause large numbers of processes if you have a mailer that takes a long time to deliver a message. Mode q minimizes the load on your machine, but means that delivery may be delayed for up to the queue interval. Mode d is identical to mode q except that it also prevents lookups in maps including the -D flag from working during the initial queue phase; it is intended for ``dial on demand'' sites where DNS lookups might cost real money. Some simple error messages (e.g., host unknown during the SMTP protocol) will be delayed using this mode. Mode b is the usual default. If you run in mode q (queue only), d (defer), or b (deliver in background) sendmail will not expand aliases and follow .forward files upon initial receipt of the mail. This speeds up the response to RCPT commands. Mode i should not be used by the SMTP server. I currently have the CentOS default modes: Sendmail.cf: DeliveryMode=background Submit.cf: DeliveryMode=i Is sendmail.cf/mc for outgoing email from relay (to the intertubes) and sumbit.cf/mc for incoming eamil (from my webservers). Would it make sense to change the outgoing delivery mode to queue? If I did, what would the outbound email flow behave like? If this is the right thing to do, can anyone show me example mc configurations for this change? If it isn't, what recommendations are there for these constraints?

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• What presentation software suits my needs?

  - by claws

  Background: I'm teaching biology to 12th grade students. The syllabus I'm teaching is huge. I mean literally, very huge. There is a lot for students to remember. There are no less than 1000 facts (weird names, dates etc) for students to remember. They'll have to remember all of them, they don't have a choice. The notes I compiled for their learning itself is upto 80 printed pages(Just the bullet outline & facts). That's just one chapter. We have 34 chapters. Also my students are very hardworking, they study upto 8-10hrs per day (Yeah! we are from India :). So, I want to ensure maximum retaining by the students at each and every stage (Teaching & Learning). I'm trying to as many memory training techniques as possible. I'm trying to incorporate, mnemonics, strong visual aids (pictures, 3D-animations, real videos etc.), spaced repetition etc. I think MS powerpoint is not suitable for my needs: There are about 200 slides per chapter. Its very easy for students to get lost while teaching. Because the problem with powerpoint is that it gives facts (as bullets) but it doesn't exploit the association & organization (Concept Map) of the content, which helps students learn quickly. I found an amazing software called XMind. You can see the screenshot here. Problem is that it is not as powerpoint in terms of powerpoint. This software can be used for just for concept maps. In the above screenshot, each topic occupies a single slide. I have an Image/picture(Detailed huge picture) and about 5-10 bullet points and probably a video or an animation of somethings. And this XMind is not good at presenting, in terms that it doesn't allow me to set what to present after what. I want to present a top down view, with a slide for each topic. PS: I Don't like prezi.com. I tried but it simply is too confusing for my students. It zooms here and there. I didn't tried it but I've seen few presentations.

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• Is my Cisco switch port bad?

  - by ewwhite

  I've been chasing a packet-loss and network stability issue for a handful of end-users on an internal network for the past few days... These issues surfaced last week, however the location was struck by lightning six weeks ago. I was seeing 5-10% packet loss between a stack of four Cisco 2960's and several PC's and phones on the other side of a 77-meter run. The PC's were run inline with the phones over a trunked link (switchport configuration pastebin). We were seeing dropped calls and interruptions in client-server applications and Microsoft Exchange connectivity. I tried the usual troubleshooting steps remotely, having a local technician do the following during breaks in user and production activity: change cables between the wall jack and device. change patch cables between the patch panel and switch port(s). try different switch ports within the 2960 stack. change end-user devices with known-good equipment (new phones, different PC's). clear switch port interface counters and monitor incrementing errors closely. (Pastebin output of sh int) Pored over the device logs and Observium RRD graphs. No link up/down issues from the switch side. change power strips on the end-user side. test cable runs from the Cisco 2960 using test cable-diagnostics tdr int Gi4/0/9 (clean)* test cable runs with a Tripp-Lite cable tester. (clean) run diagnostics on the switch stack members. (clean) In the end, it took three changes of switch ports to find a stable solution. The only logical conclusion is that a few Cisco 2960 switch ports are bad or flaky... Not dead, but not consistent in behavior either. I'm not used to seeing individual ports die in this manner. What else can I test or check to determine if these devices are bad? Is it common for single ports to have problems, rather than a contiguous bank of ports? BTW - show cable-diagnostics tdr int Gi4/0/14 is very cool... Interface Speed Local pair Pair length Remote pair Pair status --------- ----- ---------- ------------------ ----------- -------------------- Gi4/0/14 1000M Pair A 79 +/- 0 meters Pair B Normal Pair B 75 +/- 0 meters Pair A Normal Pair C 77 +/- 0 meters Pair D Normal Pair D 79 +/- 0 meters Pair C Normal

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• How to get more information from the system crash

  - by viraptor

  I'd like to debug an issue I'm having with a linux (debian stable) server, but I'm running out of ideas of how to confirm any diagnosis. Some background: The servers are running DL160 class with hardware raid between two disks. They're running a lot of services, mostly utilising network interface and CPU. There are 8 cpus and 7 "main" most cpu-hungry processes are bound to one core each via cpu affinity. Other random background scripts are not forced anywhere. The filesystem is writing ~1.5k blocks/s the whole time (goes up above 2k/s in peak times). Normal CPU usage for those servers is ~60% on 7 cores and some minimal usage on the last (whatever's running on shells usually). What actually happens is that the "main" services start using 100% CPU at some point, mainly stuck in kernel time. After a couple of seconds, LA goes over 400 and we lose any way to connect to the box (KVM is on it's way, but not there yet). Sometimes we see a kernel reporting hung task (but not always): [118951.272884] INFO: task zsh:15911 blocked for more than 120 seconds. [118951.272955] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. [118951.273037] zsh D 0000000000000000 0 15911 1 [118951.273093] ffff8101898c3c48 0000000000000046 0000000000000000 ffffffffa0155e0a [118951.273183] ffff8101a753a080 ffff81021f1c5570 ffff8101a753a308 000000051f0fd740 [118951.273274] 0000000000000246 0000000000000000 00000000ffffffbd 0000000000000001 [118951.273335] Call Trace: [118951.273424] [<ffffffffa0155e0a>] :ext3:__ext3_journal_dirty_metadata+0x1e/0x46 [118951.273510] [<ffffffff804294f6>] schedule_timeout+0x1e/0xad [118951.273563] [<ffffffff8027577c>] __pagevec_free+0x21/0x2e [118951.273613] [<ffffffff80428b0b>] wait_for_common+0xcf/0x13a [118951.273692] [<ffffffff8022c168>] default_wake_function+0x0/0xe .... This would point at raid / disk failure, however sometimes the tasks are hung on kernel's gettsc which would indicate some general weird hardware behaviour. It's also running mysql (almost read-only, 99% cache hit), which seems to spawn a lot more threads during the system problems. During the day it does ~200kq/s (selects) and ~10q/s (writes). The host is never running out of memory or swapping, no oom reports are spotted. We've got many boxes with similar/same hardware and they all seem to behave that way, but I'm not sure which part fails, so it's probably not a good idea to just grab something more powerful and hope the problem goes away. Applications themselves don't really report anything wrong when they're running. I can run anything safely on the same hardware in an isolated environment. What can I do to narrow down the problem? Where else should I look for explanation?

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• iptables management tools for large scale environment

  - by womble

  The environment I'm operating in is a large-scale web hosting operation (several hundred servers under management, almost-all-public addressing, etc -- so anything that talks about managing ADSL links is unlikely to work well), and we're looking for something that will be comfortable managing both the core ruleset (around 12,000 entries in iptables at current count) plus the host-based rulesets we manage for customers. Our core router ruleset changes a few times a day, and the host-based rulesets would change maybe 50 times a month (across all the servers, so maybe one change per five servers per month). We're currently using filtergen (which is balls in general, and super-balls at our scale of operation), and I've used shorewall in the past at other jobs (which would be preferable to filtergen, but I figure there's got to be something out there that's better than that). The "musts" we've come up with for any replacement system are: Must generate a ruleset fairly quickly (a filtergen run on our ruleset takes 15-20 minutes; this is just insane) -- this is related to the next point: Must generate an iptables-restore style file and load that in one hit, not call iptables for every rule insert Must not take down the firewall for an extended period while the ruleset reloads (again, this is a consequence of the above point) Must support IPv6 (we aren't deploying anything new that isn't IPv6 compatible) Must be DFSG-free Must use plain-text configuration files (as we run everything through revision control, and using standard Unix text-manipulation tools are our SOP) Must support both RedHat and Debian (packaged preferred, but at the very least mustn't be overtly hostile to either distro's standards) Must support the ability to run arbitrary iptables commands to support features that aren't part of the system's "native language" Anything that doesn't meet all these criteria will not be considered. The following are our "nice to haves": Should support config file "fragments" (that is, you can drop a pile of files in a directory and say to the firewall "include everything in this directory in the ruleset"; we use configuration management extensively and would like to use this feature to provide service-specific rules automatically) Should support raw tables Should allow you to specify particular ICMP in both incoming packets and REJECT rules Should gracefully support hostnames that resolve to more than one IP address (we've been caught by this one a few times with filtergen; it's a rather royal pain in the butt) The more optional/weird iptables features that the tool supports (either natively or via existing or easily-writable plugins) the better. We use strange features of iptables now and then, and the more of those that "just work", the better for everyone.

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• Subversion/Hudson/Sonar/Artifactory - too much for my little server to handle! Help!

  - by Ricket

  I have a little dedicated server. It's at a cheap price and has a simple AMD 1800+ (1.5ghz), 256mb DDR RAM, ...need I continue? And I think I'm overloading it already. I have installed the following, and it's running CentOS 5.4: Webmin Apache MySQL Subversion as an Apache module Hudson (standalone) Sonar (standalone, runs with a standalone Jetty install) Artifactory (standalone) That's pretty much it. But I'm having problems; pages are loading quite slowly. Network speed of the server is excellent, but I think I'm just running out of CPU and/or memory. A side-effect of the pages loading slowly is that sometimes Hudson times out, not being able to start Maven or contact Sonar in a certain amount of time. I think the next step to speed things up might be to move to an application server and use the WAR version of Hudson, Sonar and Artifactory together on that server. I don't know that it will help, but it just seems to make sense, especially with Sonar running on its own Jetty install and the other two probably running their own mini application servers as well. Am I correct in thinking this? Is this the right course of action? Any other tips on how to make the server run faster? I can post more data if you'd like, just let me know what else would help you answer my question. Oh, also just to cure any suspicions, I don't have any sort of virus or spyware. I protect my SSH access with DenyHosts (which has blocked 300+ brute forcers in the past few months), and I have confirmed that the top four processes in terms of memory and CPU usage are Sonar, Artifactory, Hudson, and MySQL. Edit: I just thought of another thing that I'd like you to comment on as well: Apache currently has 8 spawned slave processes, taking 42MB of ram apiece. This is not my web server. Is everything else able to function if I shut down Apache? Can you point me towards a tutorial or something on migrating Subversion from Apache into something that might work along with the other three applications, maybe even make Subversion a WAR file or something?

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• ruby on rails gitorious setup on ubuntu

  - by dogmatic69

  Ive been trying to install gitorious for a while now which required ruby and rails etc. Ive finally got rails pages serving but cant finish the installation of gitorious because the gem version is too new. the error logs say please run 'rake ultrasphinx:configure' and that gives rake ultrasphinx:configure (in /var/www/apps/gitorious) rake aborted! uninitialized constant ActiveSupport::Dependencies::Mutex /var/www/apps/gitorious/Rakefile:10:in `require' (See full trace by running task with --trace) From searching google this is beacuse of the wrong gem verison. Cant find a way to down grade it. apparently sudo gem update --system 1.4.2 should do the trick but ubuntu 10.10 does not like this. ERROR: While executing gem ... (RuntimeError) gem update --system is disabled on Debian, because it will overwrite the content of the rubygems Debian package, and might break your Debian system in subtle ways. The Debian-supported way to update rubygems is through apt-get, using Debian official repositories. If you really know what you are doing, you can still update rubygems by setting the REALLY_GEM_UPDATE_SYSTEM environment variable, but please remember that this is completely unsupported by Debian. So i added export REALLY_GEM_UPDATE_SYSTEM=1 to .bashrc and reloaded it with . ~/.bashrc and still the same. ive tried various forms of setting this environmental variable with no luck. Ive also been told on #gitorious irc channel to add the file config/initializers/rubygems.rb with the line require "thread" to it. This has done nothing. EDIT: Just found another way which was rvm install rubygems 1.4.2 and it gave: Removing old Rubygems files... Installing rubygems dedicated to ruby-1.8.7-p334... Retrieving rubygems-1.4.2 % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 288k 100 288k 0 0 282k 0 0:00:01 0:00:01 --:--:-- 414k Extracting rubygems-1.4.2 ... Installing rubygems for /home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p334/bin/ruby ERROR: Error running 'GEM_PATH="/home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p334:/home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p334@global:/home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p334@global" GEM_HOME="/home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p334" "/home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p334/bin/ruby" "/home/ubuntu/.rvm/src/rubygems-1.4.2/setup.rb"', please read /home/ubuntu/.rvm/log/ruby-1.8.7-p334/rubygems.install.log WARN: Installation of rubygems did not complete successfully. TL;DR please tell me how to downgrade rubygems on ubuntu 10.10 or upgrade gitorious to work with 1.6.2 gems

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• Generating/managing config files for hosted application

  - by mfinni

  I asked a question about config management, and haven't seen a reply. It's possible my question was too vague, so let's get down to brass tacks. Here's the process we follow when onboarding a new customer instance into our hosted application : how would you manage this? I'm leaning towards a Perl script to populate templates to generate shell scripts, config files, XML config files, etc. Looking briefly at CFengine and Chef, it seems like they're not going to reduce the amount of work, because I'd still have to manually specify all of the changes/edits within the tool. Doesn't seem to be much of a gain over touching the config files directly. We add a stanza to the main config file for the core (3rd-party) application. This stanza has values that defines the instance (customer) name the TCP listener port for this instance (not one currently used) the DB2 database name (serial numeric identifier, already exists, they get prestaged for us by the DBAs) three sub-config files, by name - they need to be created from 3 templates and be named after the instance The sub-config files define: The filepath for the DB2 volumes The filepath for the storage of objects The filepath for just one of the DB2 volumes (yes, redundant to the first item. We run some application commands, start the instance We do some LDAP thingies (make an OU for the instance, etc.) We add a stanza to the config file for our security listener that acts as a passthrough to LDAP instance name LDAP OU TCP port for instance DB2 database name We restart the security listener (off-hours), change the main config file from item 1, stop and restart the instance. It is now authenticating via LDAP. We add the stop and start commands for this instance to the HA failover scripts. We import an XML config file into the instance that defines things for the actual application for the customer - user names, groups, permissions, and business rules. The XML is supplied by the implementation team. Now, we configure the dataloading application We add a stanza to the existing top-level config file that points to a new customer-level config file. The new customer-level config file includes: the instance (customer) name the DB2 database name arbitrary number of sub-config files, by name Each of the sub-config files defines: filepaths to the directories for ingestion, feedback, backup, and failure those filepaths have a common path to a customer-specific folder, and then one folder for each sub-config file Each of those filepaths needs to be created We need to add this customer instance to our monitoring scripts that confirm the proper processes are running and can be logged into. Of course, those monitoring config files include the instance name, the TCP port, the DB2 database name, etc. There's also a reporting application that needs to be configured for the new instance. You get the idea. There's also XML that is loaded into WAS by the middleware team. We give them the values for them to plug into the XML - they could very easily hand us the template and we could give them back completed XML.

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• Windows DHCP Server - get notification when a non-AD joined device gets an IP address

  - by TheCleaner

  SCENARIO To simplify this down to it's easiest example: I have a Windows 2008 R2 standard DC with the DHCP server role. It hands out IPs via various IPv4 scopes, no problem there. WHAT I'D LIKE I would like a way to create a notification/eventlog entry/similar whenever a device gets a DHCP address lease and that device IS NOT a domain joined computer in Active Directory. It doesn't matter to me whether it is custom Powershell, etc. Bottom line = I'd like a way to know when non-domain devices are on the network without using 802.1X at the moment. I know this won't account for static IP devices. I do have monitoring software that will scan the network and find devices, but it isn't quite this granular in detail. RESEARCH DONE/OPTIONS CONSIDERED I don't see any such possibilities with the built in logging. Yes, I'm aware of 802.1X and have the ability to implement it long-term at this location but we are some time away from a project like that, and while that would solve network authentication issues, this is still helpful to me outside of 802.1X goals. I've looked around for some script bits, etc. that might prove useful but the things I'm finding lead me to believe that my google-fu is failing me at the moment. I believe the below logic is sound (assuming there isn't some existing solution): Device receives DHCP address Event log entry is recorded (event ID 10 in the DHCP audit log should work (since a new lease is what I'd be most interested in, not renewals): http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd759178.aspx) At this point a script of some kind would probably have to take over for the remaining "STEPS" below. Somehow query this DHCP log for these event ID 10's (I would love push, but I'm guessing pull is the only recourse here) Parse the query for the name of the device being assigned the new lease Query AD for the device's name IF not found in AD, send a notification email If anyone has any ideas on how to properly do this, I'd really appreciate it. I'm not looking for a "gimme the codez" but would love to know if there are alternatives to the above list or if I'm not thinking clear and another method exists for gathering this information. If you have code snippets/PS commands you'd like to share to help accomplish this, all the better.

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• amd gpu but display on intel integrated graphics

  - by pitseeker

  On my Ubuntu 12.04 I connected my monitor to the onboard intel graphics. I'd like to use my ati radeon 6770 for opencl tasks (e.g. bitcoin mining). So far I couldn't figure out how to get the ati driver working. When calling "aticonfig --initial -f" it always writes a new xorg.conf that ignores the intel graphics. At boot time it works only when I attached the monitor to the ati card. So I manually tampered with the xorg.conf and got this: Section "ServerLayout" Identifier "Default Monitor" Screen 0 "myscreen" 0 0 Screen 1 "deadscreen" RightOf "myscreen" EndSection Section "Module" EndSection Section "Monitor" Identifier "Default Monitor" Option "VendorName" "Monitor Vendor" Option "ModelName" "Monitor Name" Option "DPMS" "true" EndSection Section "Monitor" Identifier "null Monitor" Option "Enable" "false" EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "Intel Integrated Graphics" Driver "intel" BusID "PCI:0:2:0" Screen 0 EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "aticonfig-Device[0]-0" Driver "fglrx" BusID "PCI:1:0:0" Screen 1 EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "myscreen" Device "Intel Integrated Graphics" Monitor "Default Monitor" DefaultDepth 24 SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "deadscreen" Device "aticonfig-Device[0]-0" Monitor "null Monitor" DefaultDepth 24 SubSection "Display" Viewport 0 0 Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection I think this might be the right way since I see that X tries to start both drivers in /var/log/Xorg.0.log. However the fglrx driver seems crash (end of xorg.0.log): Backtrace: [ 6.625] 0: /usr/bin/X (xorg_backtrace+0x26) [0x7fb5cd41b846] [ 6.625] 1: /usr/bin/X (0x7fb5cd293000+0x18c6ea) [0x7fb5cd41f6ea] [ 6.625] 2: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x7fb5cc5b9000+0xfcb0) [0x7fb5cc5c8cb0] [ 6.625] 3: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules/extra-modules.dpkg-tmp/modules/drivers/fglrx_drv.so (xdl_xs111_atiddxGetGPUMapInfo+0x1b1) [0x7fb5c88e16b1] [ 6.625] 4: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules/extra-modules.dpkg-tmp/modules/drivers/fglrx_drv.so (atiddxGetGPUMapInfo+0xd) [0x7fb5c87bcc0d] [ 6.625] 5: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules/extra-modules.dpkg-tmp/modules/extensions/libglx.so (0x7fb5ca12d000+0x1ab29) [0x7fb5ca147b29] [ 6.625] 6: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules/extra-modules.dpkg-tmp/modules/extensions/libglx.so (0x7fb5ca12d000+0x1cf8c) [0x7fb5ca149f8c] [ 6.625] 7: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules/extra-modules.dpkg-tmp/modules/extensions/libglx.so (0x7fb5ca12d000+0x1ee55) [0x7fb5ca14be55] [ 6.626] 8: /usr/bin/X (InitExtensions+0x99) [0x7fb5cd350069] [ 6.626] 9: /usr/bin/X (0x7fb5cd293000+0x3d605) [0x7fb5cd2d0605] [ 6.626] 10: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (__libc_start_main+0xed) [0x7fb5cb44e76d] [ 6.626] 11: /usr/bin/X (0x7fb5cd293000+0x3daad) [0x7fb5cd2d0aad] [ 6.626] Segmentation fault at address 0x14 [ 6.626] Caught signal 11 (Segmentation fault). Server aborting [ 6.626] I'd be very happy if someone can give me a hint on how to configure my ATI card while using the integrated graphics for display. Update I used most of jjhughes57 config and successfully booted the X server on intel (keyboard layout is changed though, funnily). Unfortunately the 2nd X server (fglrx) doesn't fully start. It shuts itself down right after starting [ 6.265] (II) fglrx(0): Restoring Recent Mode via PCS is not supported in RANDR 1.2 capable environments [ 6.296] (II) UnloadModule: "mouse" [ 6.296] (II) Unloading mouse [ 6.296] (II) UnloadModule: "kbd" [ 6.296] (II) Unloading kbd [ 6.298] (II) fglrx(0): Shutdown CMMQS [ 6.298] (II) fglrx(0): [uki] removed 1 reserved context for kernel [ 6.298] (II) fglrx(0): [uki] unmapping 8192 bytes of SAREA 0x2000 at 0x7fbef8209000 [ 6.337] (II) fglrx(0): Interrupt handler Shutdown. [ 6.470] ddxSigGiveUp: Closing log [ 6.470] Server terminated successfully (0). Closing log file. Thanks for any hints what is wrong here.

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• Hard freeze on new computer

  - by mphair

  OCZ Gold 3x2GB 240-Pin DDR3 SDRAM PC312800 Palit NE5T240SFHD01 GeForce GT240 1GB 128-bit GDDR5 ASUS P7P55D-E LGA 1156 P55 SATA 6Gb/s USB 3.0 ATX Intel Motherboard Intel Core i7-860 Lynnfield 2.8GHz 8MB L3 Cache LGA 1156 95W Quad-Core Processor SAMSUNG 22X Optical drive (DVD+-R/RW) CORSAIR CMPSU-620HX 620W ATX12V V2.2 Windows 7 Ultimate x64 Brand new system (got it from newegg two days ago) and it booted up and installed windows and ran for a day just fine. Yesterday, I boot it up in the afternoon and run various games at full graphics for most of the day. I turn on WoW and play for a few hours and it hard stalls. No numlock switching, no mouse feedback but nothing going wrong on the screen. No BSOD. I wait a bit to see if the stall is just a temporary one, but then force shutdown the computer. Upon reboot, everything seems fine, windows sees that it didn't shut down properly but I go into normal boot and restart WoW. I'm able to load it up and start running around when it freezes again. This time when I restart, it doesn't even get to BIOS. It starts (power goes on) and it just hangs with no output to the monitors. I shut it off and went to bed. This morning, I turned it on and went into BIOS setup. I'm not terribly experienced with messing with BIOS settings but I checked over them the best I could. Everything seems fine so I boot into windows and browse the internet for a bit looking for a solution, hard freeze within 10 minutes. I restart and go into BIOS and check the CPU temperature, 40c. I'm kinda stumped here. Some people say it might be a memory issue, but why would it take so long for it to come up? Could it have been slowly accessing one memory stick at a time and then it just got to a bad one and that's what is causing it to fail? It seems odd that I don't get a BSOD from a hardware failure. Having the screen just halt with no input or output change seems like a software thing to me. Any thoughts?

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• Unecrypted Image of Truecrypt-Encrypted System Partition

  - by Dexter

  The general tenor around the internet seems to be that you can't create images of system partitions that have been encrypted (with truecrypt) other than with dd or similar sector-by-sector copy tools. These files however are very impractical given their size (and are obviously incompressible) which makes keeping multiple states/backups of your system partition rather expensive (..especially considering current hdd prices). The problem is that backup tools (like Acronis True Image, Clonezilla, etc.) won't give you the option to create an image of (mounted/opened) Truecrypt partitions, or that there is no recovery environment for restoring the backup, that would allow to run truecrypt before doing any actual restoring. After some trial and error however, I believe I have found a very simple way. Since Truecrypt (running in Linux) creates a virtual block device, that it uses for mounting the unencrypted partitions into the file system, partclone can be used for creating/restoring images. What I did: boot up a linux live disk mount/open the drive/device/partition in truecrypt unmount the filesystem mount point again, like so: umount /media/truecryptX ("X" being the partition number assigend by truecrypt) use partclone (this is what clonezilla would do too, except that clonezilla only offers you to back up real drive partitions, not virtual block devices): partclone.ntfs -c -s /dev/mapper/truecryptX -o nameOfBackupFile for restoring steps 1-3 remain the same, and step 4 is partclone.ntfs -r -s nameOfBackupFile -o /dev/mapper/truecryptX A backup and test-restore of the system (with this method) seems to have worked fine (and the changed settings were reverted to the backup-state). The backup file is ~40 GB (and compressible down to <8GB with 7zip/LZMA2 on the "fast" setting). I can't quite believe that I'm the only one that wants to create images of encrypted drives, but doesn't want to waste 100GB on the backup of one single system state. So my question now is, given how simple this was, and that no one seems to mention anywhere that this is possible - did I miss something? or did I do something wrong? Is there any situation that I didn't think of where this method will fail? Obviously, the backup file needs to be stored in some other encrypted place in order to still remain confidential, since it is unencrypted. Also, in order to do a full "bare metal" restore, one would have to actually first (re-)install Windows, encrypt it, and only then restore the backup file. The funny thing however is that you won't need to backup any partition tables, etc. since the reinstall will effectively take care of that. Is there anything else? This is imho still a lot better than having sector-by-sector images..

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• Scientific Linux - mysql and apache fail to start on reboot

  - by Derek Deed

  Both mysqld and httpd fail to restart following a reboot of the server, although chkconfig --list shows both daemons set to on for run levels 2,3,4 & 5 All control is being exectuted via Webmin Reboot server – MySQl and Apache not running MySQL Database Server MySQL version 5.1.69 MySQL is not running on your system - database list could not be retrieved. ________________________________________ Click this button to start the MySQL database server on your system with the command /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start. This Webmin module cannot administer the database until it is started. Apache Webserver Apache version 2.2.15 Start Apache Search Docs.. Global configuration Existing virtual hosts Create virtual host Select all. | Invert selection. Default Server Defines the default settings for all other virtual servers, and processes any unhandled requests. Address Any Port Any Server Name Automatic Document Root /var/www/drupal Virtual Server Processes all requests on port 443 not handled by other virtual servers. Address Any Port 443 Server Name Automatic Document Root /var/www/drupal Select all. | Invert selection. chkconfig --list mysqld mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off chkconfig --list httpd httpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off Manually Restart Apache chkconfig --list httpd httpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off Manually Restart MySQL chkconfig --list mysqld mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off Everything now running okay; but no difference in the chkconfig outputs above. I tried: chkconfig --levels 235 httpd on /etc/init.d/httpd start and the same for mysqld but no change in operation. Log files show that the shutdown has been completed successfully; but there is no indication of the service restarting until it is executed manually: 131112 13:59:15 InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 131112 13:59:16 InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 0 881747021 131112 13:59:16 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld: Shutdown complete 131112 13:59:16 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended 131112 14:09:52 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql 131112 14:09:52 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 8.0M 131112 14:09:52 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool And the Apache logs: [Tue Nov 12 13:59:13 2013] [notice] suEXEC mechanism enabled (wrapper: /usr/sbin/suexec) [Tue Nov 12 13:59:13 2013] [notice] Digest: generating secret for digest authentication ... [Tue Nov 12 13:59:13 2013] [notice] Digest: done [Tue Nov 12 13:59:14 2013] [notice] Apache/2.2.15 (Unix) DAV/2 PHP/5.3.3 mod_ssl/2.2.15 OpenSSL/1.0.0-fips configured -- resuming normal operations [Tue Nov 12 13:59:14 2013] [notice] caught SIGTERM, shutting down [Tue Nov 12 14:27:13 2013] [notice] suEXEC mechanism enabled (wrapper: /usr/sbin/suexec) [Tue Nov 12 14:27:13 2013] [notice] Digest: generating secret for digest authentication ... [Tue Nov 12 14:27:13 2013] [notice] Digest: done [Tue Nov 12 14:27:13 2013] [notice] Apache/2.2.15 (Unix) DAV/2 PHP/5.3.3 mod_ssl/2.2.15 OpenSSL/1.0.0-fips configured -- resuming normal operations Is anyone able to shed any light on this problem?

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• Backing up data stored on Amazon S3

  - by Fiver

  I have an EC2 instance running a web server that stores users' uploaded files to S3. The files are written once and never change, but are retrieved occasionally by the users. We will likely accumulate somewhere around 200-500GB of data per year. We would like to ensure this data is safe, particularly from accidental deletions and would like to be able to restore files that were deleted regardless of the reason. I have read about the versioning feature for S3 buckets, but I cannot seem to find if recovery is possible for files with no modification history. See the AWS docs here on versioning: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/ObjectVersioning.html In those examples, they don't show the scenario where data is uploaded, but never modified, and then deleted. Are files deleted in this scenario recoverable? Then, we thought we may just backup the S3 files to Glacier using object lifecycle management: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/object-lifecycle-mgmt.html But, it seems this will not work for us, as the file object is not copied to Glacier but moved to Glacier (more accurately it seems it is an object attribute that is changed, but anyway...). So it seems there is no direct way to backup S3 data, and transferring the data from S3 to local servers may be time-consuming and may incur significant transfer costs over time. Finally, we thought we would create a new bucket every month to serve as a monthly full backup, and copy the original bucket's data to the new one on Day 1. Then using something like duplicity (http://duplicity.nongnu.org/) we would synchronize the backup bucket every night. At the end of the month we would put the backup bucket's contents in Glacier storage, and create a new backup bucket using a new, current copy of the original bucket...and repeat this process. This seems like it would work and minimize the storage / transfer costs, but I'm not sure if duplicity allows bucket-to-bucket transfers directly without bringing data down to the controlling client first. So, I guess there are a couple questions here. First, does S3 versioning allow recovery of files that were never modified? Is there some way to "copy" files from S3 to Glacier that I have missed? Can duplicity or any other tool transfer files between S3 buckets directly to avoid transfer costs? Finally, am I way off the mark in my approach to backing up S3 data? Thanks in advance for any insight you could provide!

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• Vim configuration slow in Terminal & iTerm2 but not in MacVim

  - by Jey Balachandran

  Ideally, I want to use Vim from Terminal or iTerm2. However, it becomes unbearably slow so I had to resort to using MacVim. There is nothing wrong with MacVim, however my workflow would be much smoother if I used only Terminal/iTerm2. When its slow Loading files, in particular Rails files takes about 1 - 1.5s. Removing rails.vim decreases this time to 0.5 - 1s. In MacVim this is instantaneous. Scrolling through the rows and columns via h, j, k, l. It progressively gets slower the longer I hold down the keys. Eventually, it starts jumping rows. I have my Key Repeat set to Fast and Delay Until Repeat set to Short. After 10 - 15 minutes of usage, using plugins such as ctrlp or Command-T gets very laggy. I'd type a letter, wait 2 - 3s, then type the next. My Setup 11" MacBook Air running Mac OS X Version 10.7.3 (1.6 Ghz Intel Core 2 Duo, 4 GB DDR3) My dotfiles. > vim --version VIM - Vi IMproved 7.3 (2010 Aug 15, compiled Nov 16 2011 16:44:23) MacOS X (unix) version Included patches: 1-333 Huge version without GUI. Features included (+) or not (-): +arabic +autocmd -balloon_eval -browse ++builtin_terms +byte_offset +cindent -clientserver +clipboard +cmdline_compl +cmdline_hist +cmdline_info +comments +conceal +cryptv -cscope +cursorbind +cursorshape +dialog_con +diff +digraphs -dnd -ebcdic +emacs_tags +eval +ex_extra +extra_search +farsi +file_in_path +find_in_path +float +folding -footer +fork() -gettext -hangul_input +iconv +insert_expand +jumplist +keymap +langmap +libcall +linebreak +lispindent +listcmds +localmap -lua +menu +mksession +modify_fname +mouse -mouseshape +mouse_dec -mouse_gpm -mouse_jsbterm +mouse_netterm -mouse_sysmouse +mouse_xterm +multi_byte +multi_lang -mzscheme +netbeans_intg +path_extra -perl +persistent_undo +postscript +printer +profile +python -python3 +quickfix +reltime +rightleft +ruby +scrollbind +signs +smartindent -sniff +startuptime +statusline -sun_workshop +syntax +tag_binary +tag_old_static -tag_any_white -tcl +terminfo +termresponse +textobjects +title -toolbar +user_commands +vertsplit +virtualedit +visual +visualextra +viminfo +vreplace +wildignore +wildmenu +windows +writebackup -X11 -xfontset -xim -xsmp -xterm_clipboard -xterm_save system vimrc file: "$VIM/vimrc" user vimrc file: "$HOME/.vimrc" user exrc file: "$HOME/.exrc" fall-back for $VIM: "/usr/local/Cellar/vim/7.3.333/share/vim" Compilation: /usr/bin/llvm-gcc -c -I. -Iproto -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DMACOS_X_UNIX -no-cpp-precomp -O3 -march=core2 -msse4.1 -w -pipe -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=1 Linking: /usr/bin/llvm-gcc -L. -L/usr/local/lib -o vim -lm -lncurses -liconv -framework Cocoa -framework Python -lruby I've tried running without any plugins or syntax highlighting. It opens files a lot faster but still not as fast as MacVim. But the other two problems still exist. Why is my vim configuration slow? How can I improve the speed of my vim configuration within Terminal or iTerm2?

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