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  • SQL SERVER – Removing Leading Zeros From Column in Table – Part 2

    - by pinaldave
    Earlier I wrote a blog post about Remvoing Leading Zeros from Column In Table. It was a great co-incident that my friend Madhivanan (no need of introduction for him) also post a similar article over on BeyondRelational.com. I strongly suggest to read his blog as well as he has suggested some cool solutions to the same problem. On original blog post asked two questions 1) if my sample for testing is correct and 2) If there is any better method to achieve the same. The response was amazing. I am proud on our SQL Community that we all keep on improving on each other’s contribution. There are some really good suggestions as a comment. Let us go over them right now. Improving the ResultSet I had missed including all zeros in my sample set which was an overlook. Here is the new sample which includes all zero values as well. USE tempdb GO -- Create sample table CREATE TABLE Table1 (Col1 VARCHAR(100)) INSERT INTO Table1 (Col1) SELECT '0001' UNION ALL SELECT '000100' UNION ALL SELECT '100100' UNION ALL SELECT '000 0001' UNION ALL SELECT '00.001' UNION ALL SELECT '01.001' UNION ALL SELECT '0000' GO Now let us go over some of the fantastic solutions which we have received. Response from Rainmaker SELECT CASE PATINDEX('%[^0 ]%', Col1 + ' ‘') WHEN 0 THEN '' ELSE SUBSTRING(Col1, PATINDEX('%[^0 ]%', Col1 + ' '), LEN(Col1)) END FROM Table1 Response from Harsh Solution 1 SELECT SUBSTRING(Col1, PATINDEX('%[^0 ]%', Col1 + 'a'), LEN(Col1)) FROM Table1 Response from Harsh Solution 2 SELECT RIGHT(Col1, LEN(Col1)+1 -PATINDEX('%[^0 ]%', Col1 + 'a' )) FROM Table1 Response from lucazav SELECT T.Col1 , label = CAST( CAST(REPLACE(T.Col1, ' ', '') AS FLOAT) AS VARCHAR(10)) FROM Table1 AS T Response from iamAkashSingh SELECT REPLACE(LTRIM(REPLACE(col1,'0',' ')),' ','0') FROM table1 Here is the resultset of above scripts. It will remove any leading zero or space and will display the number accordingly. If you believe there is a better solution, please leave a comment. I am just glad to see so many various responses and all of them teach us something new. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Function, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • Skip Checkout in Magento for a downloadable product

    - by Aaron Newton
    Hello Magento boffins. I am using Magento to build an eBooks site. For the release, we plan to have a number of free downloadable books. We were hoping that it would be possible to use the normal Magento 'catalog' functionality to add categories with products underneath. However, since these are free downloadable products, it doesn't really make sense to send users through the checkout when they try to download. Does anyone know of a way to create a free downloadable product which bypasses the checkout altogether? I have noticed that there is a 'free sample' option for downloadable products, but I would prefer not to use this if I can as I plan to use this field for its intended purpose when I add paid products. [EDIT] I have noticed that some of you have voted this question down for 'lack of question clarity'. For clarity, I want: to know if it is possible to create a downloadable product in Magento which doesn't require users to go through the usual checkout process (since it is free) and which is not the 'Free Sample' field of a downloadable product Unfortunately I don't think I can ask this any more eloquently. [/EDIT]

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  • return the result of a query and the total number of rows in a single function

    - by csotelo
    This is a question as might be focused on working in the best way, if there are other alternatives or is the only way: Using Codeigniter ... I have the typical 2 functions of list records and show total number of records (using the page as an alternative). The problem is that they are rather large. Sample 2 functions in my model: count Rows: function get_all_count() { $this->db->select('u.id_user'); $this->db->from('user u'); if($this->session->userdata('detail') != '1') { $this->db->join('management m', 'm.id_user = u.id_user', 'inner'); $this->db->where('id_detail', $this->session->userdata('detail')); if($this->session->userdata('management') === '1') { $this->db->or_where('detail', 1); } else { $this->db->where("id_profile IN ( SELECT e2.id_profile FROM profile e, profile e2, profile_path p, profile_path p2 WHERE e.id_profile = " . $this->session->userdata('profile') . " AND p2.id_profile = e.id_profile AND p.path LIKE(CONCAT(p2.path,'%')) AND e2.id_profile = p.id_profile )", NULL, FALSE); $this->db->where('MD5(u.id_user) <>', $this->session->userdata('id_user')); } } $this->db->where('u.id_user <>', 1); $this->db->where('flag <>', 3); $query = $this->db->get(); return $query->num_rows(); } results per page function get_all($limit, $offset, $sort = '') { $this->db->select('u.id_user, user, email, flag'); $this->db->from('user u'); if($this->session->userdata('detail') != '1') { $this->db->join('management m', 'm.id_user = u.id_user', 'inner'); $this->db->where('id_detail', $this->session->userdata('detail')); if($this->session->userdata('management') === '1') { $this->db->or_where('detail', 1); } else { $this->db->where("id_profile IN ( SELECT e2.id_profile FROM profile e, profile e2, profile_path p, profile_path p2 WHERE e.id_profile = " . $this->session->userdata('profile') . " AND p2.id_profile = e.id_profile AND p.path LIKE(CONCAT(p2.path,'%')) AND e2.id_profile = p.id_profile )", NULL, FALSE); $this->db->where('MD5(u.id_user) <>', $this->session->userdata('id_user')); } } $this->db->where('u.id_user <>', 1); $this->db->where('flag <>', 3); if($sort) $this->db->order_by($sort); $this->db->limit($limit, $offset); $query = $this->db->get(); return $query->result(); } You see, I repeat the most of the functions, the difference is that only the number of fields and management pages. I wonder if there is any alternative to get as much results as the query in a single function. I have seen many tutorials, and all create 2 functions: one to count and another to show results ... Will there be more optimal?

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  • SQL SERVER – Implementing IF … THEN in SQL SERVER with CASE Statements

    - by Pinal Dave
    Here is the question I received the other day in email. “I have business logic in my .net code and we use lots of IF … ELSE logic in our code. I want to move the logic to Stored Procedure. How do I convert the logic of the IF…ELSE to T-SQL. Please help.” I have previously received this answer few times. As data grows the performance problems grows more as well. Here is the how you can convert the logic of IF…ELSE in to CASE statement of SQL Server. Here are few of the examples: Example 1: If you are logic is as following: IF -1 < 1 THEN ‘TRUE’ ELSE ‘FALSE’ You can just use CASE statement as follows: -- SQL Server 2008 and earlier version solution SELECT CASE WHEN -1 < 1 THEN 'TRUE' ELSE 'FALSE' END AS Result GO -- SQL Server 2012 solution SELECT IIF ( -1 < 1, 'TRUE', 'FALSE' ) AS Result; GO If you are interested further about how IIF of SQL Server 2012 works read the blog post which I have written earlier this year . Well, in our example the condition which we have used is pretty simple but in the real world the logic can very complex. Let us see two different methods of how we an do CASE statement when we have logic based on the column of the table. Example 2: If you are logic is as following: IF BusinessEntityID < 10 THEN FirstName ELSE IF BusinessEntityID > 10 THEN PersonType FROM Person.Person p You can convert the same in the T-SQL as follows: SELECT CASE WHEN BusinessEntityID < 10 THEN FirstName WHEN BusinessEntityID > 10 THEN PersonType END AS Col, BusinessEntityID, Title, PersonType FROM Person.Person p However, if your logic is based on multiple column and conditions are complicated, you can follow the example 3. Example 3: If you are logic is as following: IF BusinessEntityID < 10 THEN FirstName ELSE IF BusinessEntityID > 10 AND Title IS NOT NULL THEN PersonType ELSE IF Title = 'Mr.' THEN 'Mister' ELSE 'No Idea' FROM Person.Person p You can convert the same in the T-SQL as follows: SELECT CASE WHEN BusinessEntityID < 10 THEN FirstName WHEN BusinessEntityID > 10 AND Title IS NOT NULL THEN PersonType WHEN Title = 'Mr.' THEN 'Mister' ELSE 'No Idea' END AS Col, BusinessEntityID, Title, PersonType FROM Person.Person p I hope this solution is good enough to convert the IF…ELSE logic to CASE Statement in SQL Server. Let me know if you need further information about the same. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com)Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Function, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL

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  • Stairway to PowerPivot and DAX - Level 3: The DAX DISTINCT() Function and Basic Distinct Counts

    Bill Pearson, Business Intelligence architect and author, exposes the DAX DISTINCT() function, and then provides some hands-on exposure to its use in generating distinct counts. Moreover, he further explores working with measures in the PivotTable in this, the third Level of our new Stairway to PowerPivot and DAX series. Optimize SQL Server performance“With SQL Monitor, we can be proactive in our optimization process, instead of waiting until a customer reports a problem,” John Trumbul, Sr. Software Engineer. Optimize your servers with a free trial.

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  • Stairway to PowerPivot and DAX - Level 4: The DAX BLANK() Function

    Business Intelligence architect and author Bill Pearson exposes the DAX BLANK() function, and then provides some hands-on exposure to its use in managing empty values underlying our PowerPivot model designs. Save 45% on our top SQL Server database administration tools. Together they make up the SQL DBA Bundle, which supports your core tasks and helps your day run smoothly. Download a free trial now.

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  • Looking for an open source JavaScript table sort function with multiple column sorting and filters [closed]

    - by Wikis
    I have an HTML table that I'd like to add sorting to. I've already used sorttable but I've found that, with our current installation, the default sorting works in Firefox and Chrome but not Internet Explorer. So I'm looking for a new tool. I'm working my way through this list of 33 sorters but I'm wondering whether anyone has solved this? The requirements are: open source (free to use) can sort one or more columns (like tablesorter) can filter columns (like this from the javascript toolbox) easy to use

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  • GetDiskFreeSpaceEx reports wrong number of free bytes

    - by rboorgapally
    __int64 i64FreeBytes unsigned __int64 lpFreeBytesAvailableToCaller, lpTotalNumberOfBytes, lpTotalNumberOfFreeBytes; // variables used to obtain // the free space on the drive GetDiskFreeSpaceEx (Manager.capDir, (PULARGE_INTEGER)&lpFreeBytesAvailableToCaller, (PULARGE_INTEGER)&lpTotalNumberOfBytes, (PULARGE_INTEGER)&lpTotalNumberOfFreeBytes); i64FreeBytes = lpTotalNumberOfFreeBytes; _tprintf(_T ("Number of bytes free on the drive:%I64u \n"), lpTotalNumberOfFreeBytes); I am working on a data management routine which is a Windows CE command line application. The above code shows how I get the number of free bytes on a particular drive which contains the folder Manager.capdir (it is the variable containing the full path name of the directory). My question is, the number of free bytes reported by the above code (the _tprintf statement) doesn't match with the number of free bytes of the drive (which i check by doing a right click on the drive). I wish to know if the reason for this difference?

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  • ReplaceBetweenTags function with delegate to describe transformation

    - by Michael Freidgeim
    I've created a function that allow to replace content between XML tags with data, that depend on original content within tag, in particular to MAsk credit card number.The function uses MidBetween extension from My StringHelper class /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="thisString"></param> /// <param name="openTag"></param> /// <param name="closeTag"></param> /// <param name="transform"></param> /// <returns></returns> /// <example> /// // mask <AccountNumber>XXXXX4488</AccountNumber> ///requestAsString  = requestAsString.ReplaceBetweenTags("<AccountNumber>", "</AccountNumber>", CreditCard.MaskedCardNumber); ///mask cvv ///requestAsString = requestAsString.ReplaceBetweenTags("<FieldName>CC::VerificationCode</FieldName><FieldValue>", "</FieldValue>", cvv=>"XXX"); /// </example> public static string ReplaceBetweenTags(this string thisString, string openTag, string closeTag, Func<string, string> transform) { //See also http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1359412/c-sharp-remove-text-in-between-delimiters-in-a-string-regex string sRet = thisString; string between = thisString.MidBetween(openTag, closeTag, true); if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(between)) sRet=thisString.Replace(openTag + between + closeTag, openTag + transform(between) + closeTag); return sRet; } public static string ReplaceBetweenTags(this string thisString, string openTag, string closeTag, string newValue) { //See also http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1359412/c-sharp-remove-text-in-between-delimiters-in-a-string-regex string sRet = thisString; string between = thisString.MidBetween(openTag, closeTag, true); if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(between)) sRet = thisString.Replace(openTag + between + closeTag, openTag + newValue + closeTag); return sRet; }

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  • Implementing a post-notification function to perform custom validation

    - by Alejandro Sosa
    Introduction Oracle Workflow Notification System can be extended to perform extra validation or processing via PLSQL procedures when the notification is being responded to. These PLSQL procedures are called post-notification functions since they are executed after a notification action such as Approve, Reject, Reassign or Request Information is performed. The standard signature for the post-notification function is     procedure <procedure_name> (itemtype  in varchar2,                                itemkey   in varchar2,                                actid     in varchar2,                                funcmode  in varchar2,                                resultout in out nocopy varchar2); Modes The post-notification function provides the parameter 'funcmode' which will have the following values: 'RESPOND', 'VALIDATE, and 'RUN' for a notification is responded to (Approve, Reject, etc) 'FORWARD' for a notification being forwarded to another user 'TRANSFER' for a notification being transferred to another user 'QUESTION' for a request of more information from one user to another 'QUESTION' for a response to a request of more information 'TIMEOUT' for a timed-out notification 'CANCEL' when the notification is being re-executed in a loop. Context Variables Oracle Workflow provides different context information that corresponds to the current notification being acted upon to the post-notification function. WF_ENGINE.context_nid - The notification ID  WF_ENGINE.context_new_role - The new role to which the action on the notification is directed WF_ENGINE.context_user_comment - Comments appended to the notification   WF_ENGINE.context_user - The user who is responsible for taking the action that updated the notification's state WF_ENGINE.context_recipient_role - The role currently designated as the recipient of the notification. This value may be the same as the value of WF_ENGINE.context_user variable, or it may be a group role of which the context user is a member. WF_ENGINE.context_original_recipient - The role that has ownership of and responsibility for the notification. This value may differ from the value of the WF_ENGINE.context_recipient_role variable if the notification has previously been reassigned.  Example Let us assume there is an EBS transaction that can only be approved by a certain people thus any attempt to transfer or delegate such notification should be allowed only to users SPIERSON or CBAKER. The way to implement this functionality would be as follows: Edit the corresponding workflow definition in Workflow Builder and open the notification. In the Function Name enter the name of the procedure where the custom code is handled, for instance, TEST_PACKAGE.Post_Notification In PLSQL create the corresponding package TEST_PACKAGE with a procedure named Post_Notification, as follows:     procedure Post_Notification (itemtype  in varchar2,                                  itemkey   in varchar2,                                  actid     in varchar2,                                  funcmode  in varchar2,                                  resultout in out nocopy varchar2) is     l_count number;     begin       if funcmode in ('TRANSFER','FORWARD') then         select count(1) into l_count         from WF_ROLES         where WF_ENGINE.context_new_role in ('SPIERSON','CBAKER');               --and/or any other conditions         if l_count<1 then           WF_CORE.TOKEN('ROLE', WF_ENGINE.context_new_role);           WF_CORE.RAISE('WFNTF_TRANSFER_FAIL');         end if;       end if;     end Post_Notification; Launch the workflow process with the changed notification and attempt to reassign or transfer it. When trying to reassign the notification to user CBROWN the screen would like like below: Check the Workflow API Reference Guide, section Post-Notification Functions, to see all the standard, seeded WF_ENGINE variables available for extending notifications processing. 

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  • Generalized Ajax function [migrated]

    - by TecBrat
    Not sure if this question will be considered "off topic". If it is, I'll remove it, but: I hadn't see this yet so I wrote it and would like to know if this is a good approach to it. Would anyone care to offer improvements to it, or point me to an example of where someone else has already written it better? function clwAjaxCall(path,method,data,asynch) { var xmlhttp; if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest(); } else {// code for IE6, IE5 xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } if(asynch) { xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function() { if (xmlhttp.readyState==4 && xmlhttp.status==200) { //alert(xmlhttp.responseText); //var newaction=xmlhttp.responseText; //alert('Action becomes '+newaction); return xmlhttp.responseText; } } } if(method=='GET'){path=path+"/?"+data;} xmlhttp.open(method,path,asynch); if(method=='GET'){xmlhttp.send();}else{xmlhttp.send(data);} if (!asynch){return xmlhttp.responseText;} } I then called it like Just Testing <script type="text/javascript" src="/mypath/js/clwAjaxCall.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> document.write("<br>More Testing"); document.write(clwAjaxCall("http://www.mysite.com",'GET',"var=val",false)); </script>

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  • MDX needs a function or macro syntax

    - by Darren Gosbell
    I was having an interesting discussion with a few people about the impact of named sets on performance (the same discussion noted by Chris Webb here: http://cwebbbi.wordpress.com/2011/03/16/referencing-named-sets-in-calculations). And apparently the core of the performance issue comes down to the way named sets are materialized within the SSAS engine. Which lead me to the thought that what we really need is a syntax for declaring a non-materialized set or to take this even further a way of declaring an MDX expression as function or macro so that it can be re-used in multiple places. Because sometimes you do want the set materialised, such as when you use an ordered set for calculating rankings. But a lot of the time we just want to make our MDX modular and want to avoid having to repeat the same code over and over. I did some searches on connect and could not find any similar suggestions so I posted one here: https://connect.microsoft.com/SQLServer/feedback/details/651646/mdx-macro-or-function-syntax Although apparently I did not search quite hard enough as Chris Webb made a similar suggestion some time ago, although he also included a request for true MDX stored procedures (not the .Net style stored procs that we have at the moment): https://connect.microsoft.com/SQLServer/feedback/details/473694/create-parameterised-queries-and-functions-on-the-server Chris also pointed out this post that he did last year http://cwebbbi.wordpress.com/2010/09/13/iccube/ where he pointed out that the icCube product already has this sort of functionality. So if you think either or both of these suggestions is a good idea then I would encourage you to click on the links and vote for them.

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  • call function between classes [closed]

    - by aziz joh
    hello I have 3 classes class A, B, and C class A is the main class and content the main function also, i call class B and class C in the main as b1,b2 and c1. in class B there is a vector (V) has list of int. and 3 functions Add, get and delete delete. all the thing in the class is public. in class C i have function that need to (B::get) from b. what I want is that how I can make c1 call get of b1 to return the value of the V in b1 after that use add of b2 to add new item in V of b2. Thanks in advance This is an example class a{ int main(){ b b1,b2; c c1; b1.add(10); b1.add(20); c1.start(); }} class b{ vector<int> v; void add(int i){ v.push_back(i)} int get(){int i=v.at(0); return i;} } class c{// take something from b1 and add it to b2 void play(){ int i=b.get();//should take it from b1 b.add(i*2);//should add it to b2 }} please I need your help I been searching to solve this problem for days.

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  • Brother MFC-J470DW scan function "Check Connection"

    - by user292599
    I have a Brother MFC-J470DW printer that I have connected to a Linux desktop (running Ubuntu 14.04) using a wireless router network. The printer works fine for printing and copying, but now I want to add the scan function. To set up the scan function, I went to the Brother web page for this printer: http://support.brother.com/g/b/downloadlist.aspx?c=eu_ot&lang=en&prod=mfcj470dw_us_eu_as&os=128 and under Scanner Drivers selected "Scanner driver 64bit (deb package)", "Scan-key-tool 64bit (deb package)", and "Scanner Setting file (deb package)". For each package, I clicked the EULA, and selected "open with Ubuntu Software Center". Then after the USC window pops up, I click on Install and the red line goes from left to right. In each case, the USC window then had a green checkmark and the Install box changes to Reinstall (that's how you know it worked). So now I try it out. Hitting the Scan button on the printer, selecting "Scan to file", and hitting ok produces the message "Check Connection". I checked the Brother Linux Information FAQ (scanner) page and the 14th question seems the same as mine: When I try to use the scan key on my network connected machine, I receive the error "Check connection" or I can not select anything except "scan to FTP". I explored the solution given for this FAQ, but found from ifconfig that I am already using eth0, the default setting, so presumably that is not the problem. I also found brscan-skey installed in /usr/bin and did drrm@drrmlinux2:~$ brscan-skey -t drrm@drrmlinux2:~$ brscan-skey but that didn't help - I still get the "Check connection" message. What can you suggest to fix this problem?

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  • Allocating memory inside a function and returning it back

    - by user2651062
    I want to pass a pointer to my function and allocate the memory to which this pointer points. I've read in other posts that I should pass a double pointer to this function and I did so, but I keep getting segmentation fault: #include <iostream> #include <stdlib.h> using namespace std; void allocate(unsigned char** t) { *t=(unsigned char*)malloc(3*sizeof(unsigned char)); if(*t == NULL) cout<<"Allcoation failed"<<endl; else for(int m=0;m<3;m++) *(t[m])=0; } int main() { unsigned char* t; allocate(&t); cout<<t[0]<<" "<<t[1]<<endl; return 0; } the result is always this: Segmentation fault (core dumped) I don't think that there's anything missing from this code. What could be wrong?

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  • Defining a function that is both a generator and recursive [on hold]

    - by user96454
    I am new to python, so this code might not necessarily be clean, it's just for learning purposes. I had the idea of writing this function that would display the tree down the specified path. Then, i added the global variable number_of_py to count how many python files were in that tree. That worked as well. Finally, i decided to turn the whole thing into a generator, but the recursion breaks. My understanding of generators is that once next() is called python just executes the body of the function and "yields" a value until we hit the end of the body. Can someone explain why this doesn't work? Thanks. import os from sys import argv script, path = argv number_of_py = 0 lines_of_code = 0 def list_files(directory, key=''): global number_of_py files = os.listdir(directory) for f in files: real_path = os.path.join(directory, f) if os.path.isdir(real_path): list_files(real_path, key=key+' ') else: if real_path.split('.')[-1] == 'py': number_of_py += 1 with open(real_path) as g: yield len(g.read()) print key+real_path for i in list_files(argv[1]): lines_of_code += i print 'total number of lines of code: %d' % lines_of_code print 'total number of py files: %d' % number_of_py

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  • @staticmethod vs module-level function

    - by darkfeline
    This is not about @staticmethod and @classmethod! I know how staticmethod works. What I want to know is the proper use cases for @staticmethod vs. a module-level function. I've googled this question, and it seems there's some general agreement that module-level functions are preferred over static methods because it's more pythonic. Static methods have the advantage of being bound to its class, which may make sense if only that class uses it. However, in Python functionality is usually organized by module not class, so usually making it a module function makes sense too. Static methods can also be overridden by subclasses, which is an advantage or disadvantage depending on how you look at it. Although, static methods are usually "functionally pure" so overriding it may not be smart, but it may be convenient sometimes (though this may be one of those "convenient, but NEVER DO IT" kind of things only experience can teach you). Are there any general rule-of-thumbs for using either staticmethod or module-level functions? What concrete advantages or disadvantages do they have (e.g. future extension, external extension, readability)? If possible, also provide a case example.

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  • Function not returning value at all - not a void [migrated]

    - by user105439
    I have this function that is not returning a function value. I've added some random testers to try and debug but no luck. Thanks! #include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> #include <time.h> #define N 100 float error(int a, int b); int main(){ printf("START\n"); srand(time(NULL)); int a, b, j, m; float plot[N+1]; printf("Lower bound for x: "); scanf("%d", &a); printf("Upper bound for x: "); scanf("%d", &b); printf("okay\n"); for(j = 0; j < N; j++) plot[j] = 0; printf("okay1\n"); m = error(a,b); printf("%f\n",m); return 0; } float error(int a, int b){ float product = a*b; printf("%f\n",product); return product; } so the m = error(a,b) always gives 0 no matter what! Please help. I apologise for not cleaning this up...

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  • Form, function and complexity in rule processing

    - by Charles Young
    Tim Bass posted on ‘Orwellian Event Processing’. I was involved in a heated exchange in the comments, and he has more recently published a post entitled ‘Disadvantages of Rule-Based Systems (Part 1)’. Whatever the rights and wrongs of our exchange, it clearly failed to generate any agreement or understanding of our different positions. I don't particularly want to promote further argument of that kind, but I do want to take the opportunity of offering a different perspective on rule-processing and an explanation of my comments. For me, the ‘red rag’ lay in Tim’s claim that “...rules alone are highly inefficient for most classes of (not simple) problems” and a later paragraph that appears to equate the simplicity of form (‘IF-THEN-ELSE’) with simplicity of function.   It is not the first time Tim has expressed these views and not the first time I have responded to his assertions.   Indeed, Tim has a long history of commenting on the subject of complex event processing (CEP) and, less often, rule processing in ‘robust’ terms, often asserting that very many other people’s opinions on this subject are mistaken.   In turn, I am of the opinion that, certainly in terms of rule processing, which is an area in which I have a specific interest and knowledge, he is often mistaken. There is no simple answer to the fundamental question ‘what is a rule?’ We use the word in a very fluid fashion in English. Likewise, the term ‘rule processing’, as used widely in IT, is equally difficult to define simplistically. The best way to envisage the term is as a ‘centre of gravity’ within a wider domain. That domain contains many other ‘centres of gravity’, including CEP, statistical analytics, neural networks, natural language processing and so much more. Whole communities tend to gravitate towards and build themselves around some of these centres. The term 'rule processing' is associated with many different technology types, various software products, different architectural patterns, the functional capability of many applications and services, etc. There is considerable variation amongst these different technologies, techniques and products. Very broadly, a common theme is their ability to manage certain types of processing and problem solving through declarative, or semi-declarative, statements of propositional logic bound to action-based consequences. It is generally important to be able to decouple these statements from other parts of an overall system or architecture so that they can be managed and deployed independently.  As a centre of gravity, ‘rule processing’ is no island. It exists in the context of a domain of discourse that is, itself, highly interconnected and continuous.   Rule processing does not, for example, exist in splendid isolation to natural language processing.   On the contrary, an on-going theme of rule processing is to find better ways to express rules in natural language and map these to executable forms.   Rule processing does not exist in splendid isolation to CEP.   On the contrary, an event processing agent can reasonably be considered as a rule engine (a theme in ‘Power of Events’ by David Luckham).   Rule processing does not live in splendid isolation to statistical approaches such as Bayesian analytics. On the contrary, rule processing and statistical analytics are highly synergistic.   Rule processing does not even live in splendid isolation to neural networks. For example, significant research has centred on finding ways to translate trained nets into explicit rule sets in order to support forms of validation and facilitate insight into the knowledge stored in those nets. What about simplicity of form?   Many rule processing technologies do indeed use a very simple form (‘If...Then’, ‘When...Do’, etc.)   However, it is a fundamental mistake to equate simplicity of form with simplicity of function.   It is absolutely mistaken to suggest that simplicity of form is a barrier to the efficient handling of complexity.   There are countless real-world examples which serve to disprove that notion.   Indeed, simplicity of form is often the key to handling complexity. Does rule processing offer a ‘one size fits all’. No, of course not.   No serious commentator suggests it does.   Does the design and management of large knowledge bases, expressed as rules, become difficult?   Yes, it can do, but that is true of any large knowledge base, regardless of the form in which knowledge is expressed.   The measure of complexity is not a function of rule set size or rule form.  It tends to be correlated more strongly with the size of the ‘problem space’ (‘search space’) which is something quite different.   Analysis of the problem space and the algorithms we use to search through that space are, of course, the very things we use to derive objective measures of the complexity of a given problem. This is basic computer science and common practice. Sailing a Dreadnaught through the sea of information technology and lobbing shells at some of the islands we encounter along the way does no one any good.   Building bridges and causeways between islands so that the inhabitants can collaborate in open discourse offers hope of real progress.

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  • Refactoring an immediate drawing function into VBO, access violation error

    - by Alex
    I have a MD2 model loader, I am trying to substitute its immediate drawing function with a Vertex Buffer Object one.... I am getting a really annoying access violation reading error and I can't figure out why, but mostly I'd like an opinion as to whether this looks correct (never used VBOs before). This is the original function (that compiles ok) which calculates the keyframe and draws at the same time: glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES); for(int i = 0; i < numTriangles; i++) { MD2Triangle* triangle = triangles + i; for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++) { MD2Vertex* v1 = frame1->vertices + triangle->vertices[j]; MD2Vertex* v2 = frame2->vertices + triangle->vertices[j]; Vec3f pos = v1->pos * (1 - frac) + v2->pos * frac; Vec3f normal = v1->normal * (1 - frac) + v2->normal * frac; if (normal[0] == 0 && normal[1] == 0 && normal[2] == 0) { normal = Vec3f(0, 0, 1); } glNormal3f(normal[0], normal[1], normal[2]); MD2TexCoord* texCoord = texCoords + triangle->texCoords[j]; glTexCoord2f(texCoord->texCoordX, texCoord->texCoordY); glVertex3f(pos[0], pos[1], pos[2]); } } glEnd(); What I'd like to do is to calculate all positions before hand, store them in a Vertex array and then draw them. This is what I am trying to replace it with (in the exact same part of the program) int vCount = 0; for(int i = 0; i < numTriangles; i++) { MD2Triangle* triangle = triangles + i; for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++) { MD2Vertex* v1 = frame1->vertices + triangle->vertices[j]; MD2Vertex* v2 = frame2->vertices + triangle->vertices[j]; Vec3f pos = v1->pos * (1 - frac) + v2->pos * frac; Vec3f normal = v1->normal * (1 - frac) + v2->normal * frac; if (normal[0] == 0 && normal[1] == 0 && normal[2] == 0) { normal = Vec3f(0, 0, 1); } indices[vCount] = normal[0]; vCount++; indices[vCount] = normal[1]; vCount++; indices[vCount] = normal[2]; vCount++; MD2TexCoord* texCoord = texCoords + triangle->texCoords[j]; indices[vCount] = texCoord->texCoordX; vCount++; indices[vCount] = texCoord->texCoordY; vCount++; indices[vCount] = pos[0]; vCount++; indices[vCount] = pos[1]; vCount++; indices[vCount] = pos[2]; vCount++; } } totalVertices = vCount; glEnableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY); glEnableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glNormalPointer(GL_FLOAT, 0, indices); glTexCoordPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(float)*3, indices); glVertexPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(float)*5, indices); glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, totalVertices, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, indices); glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); // disable vertex arrays glEnableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); glDisableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY); First of all, does it look right? Second, I get access violation error "Unhandled exception at 0x01455626 in Graphics_template_1.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation reading location 0xed5243c0" pointing at line 7 Vec3f pos = v1->pos * (1 - frac) + v2->pos * frac; where the two Vs seems to have no value in the debugger.... Till this point the function behaves in exactly the same way as the one above, I don't understand why this happens? Thanks for any help you may be able to provide!

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  • Free rmvb to avi converter

    - by user23950
    Anyone here who knows a free software that could convert rmvb to avi?Please help, all that I found is free trial software which adds water mark or do only partial conversion. For windows 7 or xp.

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  • Is Visual Studio Express Edition 2010 free?

    - by RyanTM
    Is Visual Studio Express Edition 2010 free? On this page: http://www.microsoft.com/express/Windows/ it says it is a set of free tools. But the splash screen at the start says it is only for evaluation purposes. And the about screen has a trial countdown timer counting down the days to when it presumably stops working.

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  • Free Antivirus solution for Windows

    - by Veejay
    I have a few Windows Vista and XP machines. Can you suggest me a free antivirus and Internet Security solution for them. I searched the internet and got a few options, but if you have used some free AV solutions, please share. I do not want to use Microsoft Security Essentials or Avira.

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  • Merging free space of hard drive to primary partition

    - by Dibya Ranjan
    I have purchased a new HDD, I tried to format making 1 primary partition, I converted the rest unallocated space to extended partition then to logical drive now I have 3 logical drives. I feel that the size allocated to the primary partition is less so I used shrink option to the 3 logical partitions in diskmgmt but each partition is resulting in one memory block of Free space. Now I want to merge these free spaces to my primary partition.

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