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  • How to efficiently permanently redirect 150.000 images?

    - by Fabio Spampinato
    For SEO purposes I need to rename around 150.000 images, then I'd like to permanently redirect the previous url locations requests to the new locations. The current url to every image is something like: website.com/something/unique_id/filename.jpg And I want to redirect them to: website.com/something/unique_id/new_filename.jpg I can only think about 2 options: 1) Create an enormous list of redirects to include into my nginx's conf file. 2) Redirect those requests to something like "website.com/new_location/unique_id" that will redirect the request again to the new path. There are other, better, options? Should I avoid multiple 301 redirects? Will crawlers downgrade my rankings because of multiple redirects?

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  • Optimizing MySQL for small VPS

    - by Chris M
    I'm trying to optimize my MySQL config for a verrry small VPS. The VPS is also running NGINX/PHP-FPM and Magento; all with a limit of 250MB of RAM. This is an output of MySQL Tuner... -------- General Statistics -------------------------------------------------- [--] Skipped version check for MySQLTuner script [OK] Currently running supported MySQL version 5.1.41-3ubuntu12.8 [OK] Operating on 64-bit architecture -------- Storage Engine Statistics ------------------------------------------- [--] Status: -Archive -BDB -Federated +InnoDB -ISAM -NDBCluster [--] Data in MyISAM tables: 1M (Tables: 14) [--] Data in InnoDB tables: 29M (Tables: 301) [--] Data in MEMORY tables: 1M (Tables: 17) [!!] Total fragmented tables: 301 -------- Security Recommendations ------------------------------------------- [OK] All database users have passwords assigned -------- Performance Metrics ------------------------------------------------- [--] Up for: 2d 11h 14m 58s (1M q [8.038 qps], 33K conn, TX: 2B, RX: 618M) [--] Reads / Writes: 83% / 17% [--] Total buffers: 122.0M global + 8.6M per thread (100 max threads) [!!] Maximum possible memory usage: 978.2M (404% of installed RAM) [OK] Slow queries: 0% (37/1M) [OK] Highest usage of available connections: 6% (6/100) [OK] Key buffer size / total MyISAM indexes: 32.0M/282.0K [OK] Key buffer hit rate: 99.7% (358K cached / 1K reads) [OK] Query cache efficiency: 83.4% (1M cached / 1M selects) [!!] Query cache prunes per day: 48301 [OK] Sorts requiring temporary tables: 0% (0 temp sorts / 144K sorts) [OK] Temporary tables created on disk: 13% (27K on disk / 203K total) [OK] Thread cache hit rate: 99% (6 created / 33K connections) [!!] Table cache hit rate: 0% (32 open / 51K opened) [OK] Open file limit used: 1% (20/1K) [OK] Table locks acquired immediately: 99% (1M immediate / 1M locks) [!!] InnoDB data size / buffer pool: 29.2M/8.0M -------- Recommendations ----------------------------------------------------- General recommendations: Run OPTIMIZE TABLE to defragment tables for better performance Reduce your overall MySQL memory footprint for system stability Enable the slow query log to troubleshoot bad queries Increase table_cache gradually to avoid file descriptor limits Variables to adjust: *** MySQL's maximum memory usage is dangerously high *** *** Add RAM before increasing MySQL buffer variables *** query_cache_size (> 64M) table_cache (> 32) innodb_buffer_pool_size (>= 29M) and this is the config. # # The MySQL database server configuration file. # # You can copy this to one of: # - "/etc/mysql/my.cnf" to set global options, # - "~/.my.cnf" to set user-specific options. # # One can use all long options that the program supports. # Run program with --help to get a list of available options and with # --print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and use. # # For explanations see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html # This will be passed to all mysql clients # It has been reported that passwords should be enclosed with ticks/quotes # escpecially if they contain "#" chars... # Remember to edit /etc/mysql/debian.cnf when changing the socket location. [client] port = 3306 socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock # Here is entries for some specific programs # The following values assume you have at least 32M ram # This was formally known as [safe_mysqld]. Both versions are currently parsed. [mysqld_safe] socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock nice = 0 [mysqld] # # * Basic Settings # # # * IMPORTANT # If you make changes to these settings and your system uses apparmor, you may # also need to also adjust /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld. # user = mysql socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock port = 3306 basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp skip-external-locking # # Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on # localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure. bind-address = 127.0.0.1 # # * Fine Tuning # key_buffer = 32M max_allowed_packet = 16M thread_stack = 192K thread_cache_size = 8 sort_buffer_size = 4M read_buffer_size = 4M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 16M # This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if needed # the first time they are touched myisam-recover = BACKUP max_connections = 100 table_cache = 32 tmp_table_size = 128M #thread_concurrency = 10 # # * Query Cache Configuration # #query_cache_limit = 1M query_cache_type = 1 query_cache_size = 64M # # * Logging and Replication # # Both location gets rotated by the cronjob. # Be aware that this log type is a performance killer. # As of 5.1 you can enable the log at runtime! #general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log #general_log = 1 log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log # Here you can see queries with especially long duration #log_slow_queries = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log #long_query_time = 2 #log-queries-not-using-indexes # # The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication. # note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian about # other settings you may need to change. #server-id = 1 #log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log expire_logs_days = 10 max_binlog_size = 100M #binlog_do_db = include_database_name #binlog_ignore_db = include_database_name # # * InnoDB # # InnoDB is enabled by default with a 10MB datafile in /var/lib/mysql/. # Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are many! # # * Security Features # # Read the manual, too, if you want chroot! # chroot = /var/lib/mysql/ # # For generating SSL certificates I recommend the OpenSSL GUI "tinyca". # # ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem # ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem # ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem [mysqldump] quick quote-names max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] #no-auto-rehash # faster start of mysql but no tab completition [isamchk] key_buffer = 16M # # * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file! # The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise they'll be ignored. # !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/ The site contains 1 wordpress site,so lots of MYISAM but mostly static content as its not changing all that often (A wordpress cache plugin deals with this). And the Magento Site which consists of a lot of InnoDB tables, some MyISAM and some INMEMORY. The "read" side seems to be running pretty well with a mass of optimizations I've used on Magento, the NGINX setup and PHP-FPM + XCACHE. I'd love to have a kick in the right direction with the MySQL config so I'm not blindly altering it based on the MySQLTuner without understanding what I'm changing. Thanks

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  • anyone doing php-fpm and APC? cache files missing in /tmp

    - by Vangel
    I have been using xcache for a long time. Recently I put together php-fpm and nginx. I see apc is installed and enabled in the configuration. I was assuming that apc will automatically opcode the files and store it somewhere. According to config it should be in /tmp/apx.xxxx but there is no such thing there. What am i missing? any clues to investigate would be of much help. Please note I am using php 5.3 fpm. thanks mates. UPDATE: i looked at apc.php it says things are fine. will just have to take its word for it.

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  • Available Instance types for marketplace ami's

    - by Christian
    I based my autoscaling AMI's on the Turnkey Linux nginx AMI from the marketplace. I am now unable to select any of the newer generation instance types; for instance, my autoscaling uses m3.large type but I'd really like it to use the c3.xlarge type but every time I try to create a c3.xlarge instance with my AMI I get errors; The instance configuration for this AWS Marketplace product is not supported. My question is; Can I override this? I'm not using TKL support or any of their services, just the AMI. If I can't override it, do I have any other options besides creating a brand new AMI from scratch to use?

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  • Strategies for very fast delivery of webpages.

    - by Cherian
    I run a website Cucumbertown with an initial pay load of nearly 9KB zipped. All my js is delayed loaded with requirejs and modernizer is the only exception. Now all my webpages are Nginx cached and only 10-15% hits go to the backend proxy. And the cache is invalidated by logged in users as proxy_cache_bypass. So for an anonymous user its nearly always a cache hit. I have some basic OS tuning with default via ip dev eth0 initcwnd 15 net.ipv4.tcp_slow_start_after_idle 0 Despite an all cache & large initcwnd my pages still take 2.5 – 3 seconds. I have a yslow score of And page speed at Are there strategies that can help deliver webpages even faster than this? Deliver pages at 1+ second time for 10KB payload? Notes: My servers run of a fairly good data center from Linode at Fremont.

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  • Hosting custom domains with IP address flexibility

    - by F21
    I am building a small service where users will be assigned a subdomain such as: myusername.myservice.com anotheruser.myservice.com I know that I can set up a wildcard vhost and using some configuration regex, serve the files like so: myusername.myservice.com ===> /var/www/myusername anotherusername.myservice.com ===> /var/www/anotherusername The problem is that I would like to allow users to alias their own domain names to their service. I understand that for the webserver, once the user adds the domain via my web interface, I can easily create a vhost for the domain in nginx and then refresh the webserver. The problem is that I would prefer to NOT let the users add an A record of my webserver's IP address as I would prefer to keep things flexible (when we upgrade our infrastructure to something more complex to scale). What is the best way to achieve this?

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  • PHP5 extensions

    - by Jack
    I have looked through many tutorials on installing a web server, and some of them have enormous amounts of various PHP extensions. I have a few questions about that: Why would one want to install all those extensions? How to know which extensions you have to install for your site to work properly? Why some tutorials "just" tell you to install them all, when some tell you to install 4 or 5 of them? Thanks! P.S. I'm quite new to Linux, and I'm installing a web server using nginx. Or looking for information about things that look odd to me at the moment. EDIT: Since the question has been answered, I would like to know which ones of these are most likely unnecessary for a Wordpress or SMF installation? php5-fpm php5-mysql php5-xsl php5-curl php5-gd php5-intl php-pear php5-imagick php5-imap php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-xcache php5-ming php5-ps php5-pspell php5-recode php5-snmp php5-sqlite php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc Perhaps there are some extensions that would optimize my website?

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  • How much should I charge for setting up a client web server? [closed]

    - by Vincent
    I have quite the eccentric client who wants to move all his ecommerce websites (about 5-10, all PHP/MySQL) to his own web server that I'm supposed to build. He doesn't want to hear anything about VPS hosting and all the issues and expenses related to owning a server. My responsibility would be to buy all the hardware, install and configure software, etc. How much should I charge for this? I'm planning to start with two relatively moderate Dell PowerEdge C2100 servers, one for web (NGINX), one for db (MySQL).

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  • Alerting system for Munin

    - by akirk
    I am very satisfied with munin as a monitoring tool (as I only have a simple 2-server setup) but its alerting system is very annoying as you can only configure it to send an e-mail upon every check which generates a warning or an error. It seems like the only option is to use Nagios but in Debian it has Apache as a dependency and I already use nginx on my monitoring machine. All I want is to have the possibility to silence/acknowledge the alarm while I am working on a fix, so that I don't get bombarded with e-mails. Nagios seems like an oversized solution for that anyway. Is there any simple solution for that or am I the only one who feels like he needs such a tool?

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  • Load balancing with rsync

    - by David
    i have 2 server with public ip: SERVER A - 10.10.10.11 SERVER B - 10.10.10.12 both of them are centos 6 in OS, installed nginx with php-fpm, 2 exact same website stored at: /var/www/html. Domain with: myxdomain.com and dns hosted with cloudflare ( since cloudflare do support round robin ) to point the domain to A record of 10.10.10.11 and 10.10.10.12. I know that round robin dns does not cover the failover or fallover, but it does not matter, what i need is: How do i sync the both content of /var/www/html server A and server B to be exactly same? Lets say: 1) user uploaded their file to server A, the file content will be sync to server B as well. 2) user uploaded their file to server B, the file content will be sync to server A as well. rsync will be good choice here? Any example of command line and cronjob time that suitable? thanks

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  • Security question pertaining web application deployment

    - by orokusaki
    I am about to deploy a web application (in a couple months) with the following set-up (perhaps anyways): Ubuntu Lucid Lynx with: IP Tables firewall (white-list style with only 3 ports open) Custom SSH port (like 31847 or something) No "root" SSH access Long, random username (not just "admin" or something) with a long password (65 chars) PostgreSQL which only listens to localhost 256 bit SSL Cert Reverse proxy from NGINX to my application server (UWSGI) Assume that my colo is secure (Physical access isn't my concern for the time being) Application-level security (SQL injection, XSS, Directory Traversal, CSRF, etc) Perhaps IP masquerading (but I don't really understand this yet) Does this sound like a secure setup? I hear about people's web apps getting hacked all the time, and part of me thinks, "maybe they're just neglecting something", but the other part of me thinks, "maybe there's nothing you can do to protect your server, and those things are just measures to make it a little harder for script kiddies to get in". If I told you all of this, gave you my IP address, and told you what ports were available, would it be possible for you to get in (assuming you have a penetration testing tool), or is this really protected well.

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  • Installing GitBlit GO as Service in Ubuntu Server 14.04

    - by Luis Masuelli
    I downloaded it (version 1.6.0), unpacked it in /opt/gitblit (ubuntu server 14.04.1), configured http to 8280 and disabled https assigning 0 (I expose it by https using nginx). I created gitblit user and added it to 'sudo' group by running: sudo adduser gitblit sudo (gitblit user has a strong password). I installed it as a service by running: /opt/gitblit/install-service-ubuntu.sh. I tried to start it by running: sudo service gitblit start. The message Starting gitblit server appears. It's the only message. When I hit -in the same local machine- http://127.0.0.1:8280, the connection could not be made. When I run sudo netstat -anp | grep 8280, nothing appears. I see no error messages, but the server is not starting. Question: What am I missing?

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  • is it really necessary to run Apache as a front-end to Glassfish/JBoss/Tomcat?

    - by Caffeine Coma
    I'm primarily a Java developer, and I come to you with a question that straddles the divide between developers and sysadmins. Years ago, when it was a novel thing to run Tomcat as an app server, it was customary to front it with Apache. As I understand it, this was done because: Java was considered "slow", and it was helpful to have Apache serve static content directly. Tomcat couldn't listen to ports 80/443 unless run as root, which was dangerous. Java is no longer considered slow, and I doubt adding Apache to the mix will actually help speed things up. As for the ports issue, there are probably simpler ways to connect app servers to ports 80/443 these days. So my question is- is there really any benefit to fronting Java Webapps with Apache these days? If so, is Apache still the way to go? Should I look at Nginx? Instead of Tomcat I'm using Glassfish, if that matters.

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  • OSX Snow Leopard - Multiple httpd/apache instances for PHP 5.2 & 5.3 together

    - by iongion
    I need to run Apache with both php 5.2 and 5.3, without other webservers such as nginx, lighttpd, etc. Just Apache HTTPD. The easiest way to have both PHP 5.2 and PHP 5.3 on Apache, on the same machine, is to have them run in different webservers (or at least different webserver instances). I already do this on windows, it works flawlessly because it is easy to specify the conf file that a specific instance loads. But how can this be achieved on Mac OSX, without ditching the web server that OSX comes with built in ? The basic is to create N-ip addresses that each apache instance will bind to, for example: 192.168.0.52 - This is for apache httpd with PHP 5.2 192.168.0.53 - This is for apache httpd with PHP 5.3 (each apache will bind to its own ip address) On OSX, i don't know how to configure HTTPD to start as multiple service/daemon, with different startup httpd.conf files!

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  • Easily recreate a server's "state" [closed]

    - by Brandon Wamboldt
    I want the ability to setup new servers for dev/testing/prod very easily. The reasons for being able to setup a new dev VM is obvious, but for prod my concern is adding a new production server/migrating to a new server. I assume a traditional backup solution won't work as hardware may be different so the binaries/config might be different. I want to get experience with puppet anyways, so I was thinking about creating a manifest that would setup my users, install Postgres, Nginx, PHP-FPM, etc, and configure them the way I specify. Then I could install puppet on a new server, copy down my manifest and apply it locally. This would make keeping my server configs in sync easier too. Is there a better approach I'm not aware of, and does my approach have any pitfalls?

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  • How can I download django-1.2 and use it across multiple sites when the system default is 1.1?

    - by meder
    I'm on Debian Lenny and the latest backports django is 1.1.1 final. I don't want to use sid so I probably have to download django. I have my sites located at: /www/ and I plan on using mod_wsgi with Apache2 as a reverse proxy from nginx. Now that I downloaded pip and virtualenv through pip, can someone explain how I could get my /www/ sites which are yet to be made to all use django-1.2? Question 1.1: Where do you suggest I download django-1.2? I know you can store it anywhere but where would you store it? Question 1.2: After installing it how do you actually tie that django-1.2 instead of the system default django 1.2 to the reverse proxied Apache conf? I would prefer it if answers were more specific than vague and have examples of setups.

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  • How to prevent mod_proxy from rewriting redirects into absolute URLs?

    - by Yang
    I have: nginx (port 80) reverse-proxying to apache2 (port 88) reverse-proxying to a web app (port 5001). However, when the web app responds with a redirect like Location: /foo, apache2 rewrites this into Location: http://host.com:88/sub/foo, even though port 88 is publicly inaccessible. I'd like it to just redirect to the relative URL Location: /sub/foo. Any ideas? My apache config (using mod_proxy_http, mod_proxy_html, mod_substitute): <Location /notes/> Allow from all ProxyPass http://127.0.0.1:5001/ SetOutputFilter proxy-html ProxyPassReverse / ProxyHTMLURLMap / /notes/ RequestHeader unset Accept-Encoding AddOutputFilterByType SUBSTITUTE application/atom+xml Substitute "s|127.0.0.1:5001|host.com/notes|" </Location>

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  • Why would a server not send a SYN/ACK packet in response to a SYN packet

    - by codemonkey
    Lately, we've become aware of a TCP connection issue that is mostly limited to mac and Linux users who browse our websites. From the user perspective, it presents itself as a really long connection time to our websites (11 seconds). We've managed to track down the technical signature of this problem, but can't figure out why it is happening or how to fix it. Basically, what is happening is that the client's machine is sending the SYN packet to establish the TCP connection and the web server receives it, but does not respond with the SYN/ACK packet. After the client has sent many SYN packets, the server finally responds with a SYN/ACK packet and everything is fine for the remainder of the connection. And, of course, the kicker to the problem: it is intermittent and does not happen all the time (though it does happen between 10-30% of the time) We are using Fedora 12 Linux as the OS and Nginx as the web server.

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  • raspberry pi for web programming/development

    - by Mark Dee
    I'm into web development and my machine (AMD Phenom II, 8G RAM) is running Ubuntu 13.04. I love my current setup but I kinda miss some of Windows software like MSOffice or Adobe suites, and running on Virtualbox doesn't feel as snappy for me.... So I'm thinking of buying a new cheap machine where I would install Linux and do my development work there and have my current machine run Windows. I just found this thing called Raspberry pi which is really cheap and requires 12v only (I think) which makes it good for downloading stuff overnight. So, does it make sense to buy Raspberry pi, make it my primary dev machine, Windows being the secondary (for Adobe and browser testing of course)? Basically, I want to know if Raspberry pi meets the following requirements: It should run ArchLinux Sublime Text 3 python ruby nginx nodejs Deluge or Transmission (well, maybe just those, no need for videos and music players)

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  • Sometimes my urls get masked with the IP address instead of the domain

    - by user64631
    I have a server with one A record that points to my IP address. I have nginx with gunicorn as a prefork which goes to my django application For most of my pages, the URL is always my domain name in the url bar. However if I go to mydomain.com/admin the url magically transforms into x.x.x.x/admin in the url bar of my browser. I thought that was weird but I ignored it figuring it only happened for admin so it wasnt that big of a deal. Then I installed django-registration. So when I go to mydomain.com/accounts/register the url is still mydomain.com/accounts/register in the url bar. but when I submit a form, the POST request goes to x.x.x.x/accounts/register which creates a cross domain error. So I decided that it wasnt isolated to the admin and I really need to fix what is going on. I have no idea what is going on and am completely lost.

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  • Network architecture when using Rackspace's Cloud

    - by brianz
    I'm planning on launching a web application soon, and have decided on using Rackspace's Cloud offering with Debian. I'm not expecting that much traffic to start, but would rather get the architecture correct now even with the small VPSs. The thing I'm not quite sure about is how many VPSs I should get. At a minimum, I know I'll want three VPSs: Two Apache webservers One server for MySQL I'd also like: Nginx load balancer MySQL replication memcached I'm not sure where those last three processes should be running. Can the load balancer run on the same machine as the MySQL slave, or should they each run on their own machine? Does memcached run alongside the webservers or on different machines?

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  • Replacing hyperlinks in Apache2 ProxyPass

    - by Jeroen
    I am using Apache2 with mod proxy on Ubuntu 12.04 as a reverse proxy to some back-end server: <VirtualHost *:80> ProxyPass / http://somewhere.com/mysite ProxyPassReverse / http://somewhere.com/mysite ServerName www.mysite.nl ServerAlias mysite.nl *.mysite.nl </VirtualHost> However, unfortunately the back-end server has some internal links hardcoded; e.g. a link to somewhere else in the site has <a href="http://somewhere.com/mysite/something"> instead of just <a href="something.png">. Is there a way I can use Apache to replace strings in the body as served by the backend before passing it back to the client? E.g replace all instances of "http://somewhere.com/site/" with "http://mysite.nl/" ? I know nginx or so is better as a reverse proxy, but the server is hosting other stuff so port 80 needs to be Apache2.

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  • GitLab Unicorn Service crashes all the time, 502 Error

    - by mapo
    I used the Installer of Gitlab CE and so far everything looks well. Then when finished the installation I always got 502 Error on my website, since then I did a little research, then I saw that my gitlab service unicorn restarts/crashes every 10 seconds, so I assume this is the reason why I get 502, but I don't know why it crashes all the time. How can I prevent this? I'm using Debian 7.6 and the newest gitlab version run: nginx: (pid 4919) 953s; run: log: (pid 2236) 1642s run: postgresql: (pid 2239) 1642s; run: log: (pid 2238) 1642s run: redis: (pid 2233) 1642s; run: log: (pid 2232) 1642s run: sidekiq: (pid 3323) 1332s; run: log: (pid 2230) 1642s run: unicorn: (pid 8153) 2s; run: log: (pid 2234) 1642s

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  • idle proccesses and high memory bad? uwsgi/django

    - by JimJimThe3rd
    I have a VPS with 256MB of ram. I'm running nginx, uwsgi and postgresql on Ubuntu 12.04 for a soon to be Django site. About 200MB of ram are being used despite the website not being active, the uwsgi processes seem to just be idling. Is this bad? I once heard that having a bunch of free memory isn't necessarily a good metric because it is possible that the memory in use can easily be freed up. I mean, it is possible that the server is storing commonly used "stuff" in case it is accessed but is more than happy to dump it if the ram is needed. But I'm really not sure, hence me asking this question. If it is bad I could set some of the application loading options for uwsgi like "cheap" or "idle" mode. Screenshot of my htop

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  • Supervisor HTTP Server Port Issue.

    - by Catalina
    I have supervisor setup to manage a few processes. It works perfectly fine when I boot my server, however when I stop it and try to start it again it fails and give's me this error msg: * Starting Supervisor daemon manager... Error: Another program is already listening on a port that one of our HTTP servers is configured to use. Shut this program down first before starting supervisord. For help, use /usr/bin/supervisord -h ...fail! I'm running nginx on port 80 and 4 web servers on ports 8000, 8001, 8002, 8003 Does anyone have any idea of what is going on? When I reboot everything works fine.

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