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• Can not get sound over hdmi in kubuntu 9.10

  - by user32509

  I have used a hdmi cable to connect my lcd (which is connected with my speakers) with my nvida 275 gtx grafic card. I can not get the sound output to work. The hardware itself is working probably - I tested it under windows. Currently I am running Kubuntu 9.10 64 with Nvidia 190.53. The sound output worked fine before I installed the hdmi connection. (German output - i can change it, if you tell me how :)) aplay -l **** Liste von PLAYBACK Geräten **** Karte 0: Intel [HDA Intel], Gerät 0: ALC889A Analog [ALC889A Analog] Untergeordnete Geräte: 1/1 Untergeordnetes Gerät '0: subdevice #0 Karte 0: Intel [HDA Intel], Gerät 1: ALC889A Digital [ALC889A Digital] Untergeordnete Geräte: 1/1 Untergeordnetes Gerät '0: subdevice #0 aplay -L front:CARD=Intel,DEV=0 HDA Intel, ALC889A Analog Front speakers surround40:CARD=Intel,DEV=0 HDA Intel, ALC889A Analog 4.0 Surround output to Front and Rear speakers surround41:CARD=Intel,DEV=0 HDA Intel, ALC889A Analog 4.1 Surround output to Front, Rear and Subwoofer speakers surround50:CARD=Intel,DEV=0 HDA Intel, ALC889A Analog 5.0 Surround output to Front, Center and Rear speakers surround51:CARD=Intel,DEV=0 HDA Intel, ALC889A Analog 5.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Rear and Subwoofer speakers surround71:CARD=Intel,DEV=0 HDA Intel, ALC889A Analog 7.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Side, Rear and Woofer speakers iec958:CARD=Intel,DEV=0 HDA Intel, ALC889A Digital IEC958 (S/PDIF) Digital Audio Output null Discard all samples (playback) or generate zero samples (capture) pulse Playback/recording through the PulseAudio sound server And i disabled mute in kmix an all channels :) Edit: lspci -v ... 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) HD Audio Controller (rev 02) Subsystem: Giga-byte Technology Device a022 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 22 Memory at ea400000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [60] Message Signalled Interrupts: Mask- 64bit+ Queue=0/0 Enable- Capabilities: [70] Express Root Complex Integrated Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel <?> Capabilities: [130] Root Complex Link <?> Kernel driver in use: HDA Intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel ... cat /proc/asound/version Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1.0.20. lsmod | grep snd_hda_intel snd_hda_intel 31880 2 snd_hda_codec 87584 2 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel snd_pcm 93160 3 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_pcm_oss snd 77096 16 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hwdep,snd_pcm_oss,snd_mixer_oss,snd_pcm,snd_seq_oss,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq,snd_timer,snd_seq_device snd_page_alloc 10928 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_pcm I think I am missing the something-hdmi module? Is there such a thing?

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• Recovering from backup without original install media

  - by KGendron

  A machine from my old job had a complete hard drive failure. I have backups but I'm running into severe problems restoring from them. The only install media was a secondary restore partition on the system's hard drive. I hate whoever came up with that idea more than i can possibly express with words. I spent several days trying to recover the disk - it is pretty well shot and none of my best tricks could even get it to show up in the bios/ The machine that broke is an hp with xp media center edition on it (I don't know why either). The backups were created using the default windows backup tool - I have .bfk file on an external hardrive that i am trying to restore from. I've replaced the hard drive. My home machine is running windows 7 64bit and i'm trying to use it as a platform to restore to the other disk. I downloaded the window 7 nt-restore utility, however no matter what i do it restores to my C drive rather than the specified drive. Fortunately win7 security settings prevented it from being a complete disaster - but still not a happy thing. I tried firing up the xp virtual machine. I can browse to the backups but it says they are invalid and refuse to let me view/ continue with the restore. I tried installing XP to an extra harddrive on my machine - however it bluescreens on me during the install process and I cry. I tried installing xp pro to the new drive and attempted to restore over it, it of course blackscreened on me as that was a stupid idea. I made two partitions on the new hard drive (Apparently the bios on this accursed piece of junk doesn't allow hd partitions larger than 200G anyways and thus fails 40 minutes into the install with an ever-descriptive "Disk Read Error". Guess how i spent last weekend? My last idea was to install xp pro to the second partition and then use it to restore from backup to the first. After the first restart it gives me the error "Windows could not start because of a computer disk hardware configuration problem. Could not read from the selected boot disk. Check boot path and disk hardware". My brain made one of those bad hard drive clicky noises. I've tried several boot disks but they don't seem to work. If anyone has a link to a good one it would be greatly appreciated. Anyone have any more ideas? - I really hate asking on what seems like such a simple issue but i am quite literally at my wit's end. Thanks - and sorry for the really long post.

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• Why does pinging a local router return "Destination Host Unreachable"?

  - by Matt H

  I have two tomato routers. One is bridged wirelessly with the other. I have a new server on the network. It's running Ubuntu Server 11.04. They are all connected like this: A - Linux PC B - New Server C - Mac Mini D - Macbook T1 - Tomato 1 T2 - Tomato 2 They are connected like so: A -----+-T1 ==== wireless bridge ==== T2----- ADSL modem | | C & D Connected wirelessly to T2 B -----+ A, C & D do not experience any issues. I have an active SSH session to B from A and it's not experiencing any loss. B, the new server occasionally cannot ping T2 and therefore cannot connect to the internet. However, A can always contact B and B can ping A and B When the network is lost, B can still ping T1, but not T2 yet at the same as B has lost connection to T2, A can still ping T2. Any ideas on what this could be? there is nothing that gives any clues in any of the logs on either router or the linux server. One thing that is interesting is that I set up a ping running between B and T2. T2 has the IP address 192.68.1.1 Here is what I am seeing: From 192.168.1.1 icmp_seq=26 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.1.1 icmp_seq=27 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.1.1 icmp_seq=28 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.1.1 icmp_seq=29 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.1.1 icmp_seq=30 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.1.1 icmp_seq=31 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.1.1 icmp_seq=33 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.1.1 icmp_seq=34 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.1.1 icmp_seq=35 Destination Host Unreachable 64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_req=36 ttl=63 time=3.40 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_req=37 ttl=63 time=5.70 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_req=38 ttl=63 time=2.25 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_req=39 ttl=63 time=2.18 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_req=40 ttl=63 time=3.12 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_req=41 ttl=63 time=2.15 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_req=42 ttl=63 time=1.97 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_req=43 ttl=63 time= And it cycles to being reachable and not. So I guess you could say the question is, why is the router responding that it cannot be reached?

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• Reach self hosted server from LAN

  - by Freefri

  I have a self hosted server with Apache2 pointed with the domain example.com. I have also some virtual servers www.example.com, cloud.examle.com, etc. This server is in my LAN, and when I try to acces to my server within the lan throw www.examle.com y get my router's configuration page. From outside the LAN www.example.com and cloud.examle.com works properly. From inside the LAN 192.168.1.33 (server internal IP) shows the default webpage (www.examle.com), but I can not get cloud.examle.com I also have a LAN name server in 192.168.1.33 with bind9. I set up my gateway 192.168.1.1 with my LAN-NS as primary NS I solve this problem creating a new dns zone in the NS. This are my config files: ;ZONE-1 $ORIGIN . $TTL 86400 ; 1 day home.lan. IN SOA server.home.lan. hostmaster.home.lan. ( 2008080901 ; serial 8H ; refresh 4H ; retry 4W ; expire 1D ; minimum ) home.lan. IN NS server.home.lan. $ORIGIN home.lan. ; Set the address for localhost.home.lan localhost IN A 127.0.0.1 router IN A 192.168.1.1 server IN A 192.168.1.33 mypc IN A 192.168.1.132 ;ZONE-2 $ORIGIN . $TTL 86400 ; 1 day example.com. IN SOA www.example.com hostmaster.home.lan. ( 2008080902 ; serial 8H ; refresh 4H ; retry 4W ; expire 1D ; minimum ) example.com. IN NS 192.168.1.33 $ORIGIN examle.com. localhost IN A 127.0.0.1 www IN A 192.168.1.33 cloud IN A 192.168.1.33 My DNS and my names are working properly now My question are: What do you think about my solution? Can I change the A zone with CNAME to server.home.lan (this is the domain in the LAN to the server)? How can I set a default IP for all my whatever.example.com?

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• Have a server, need to figure out a method of backup

  - by PolishHurricane

  My company has an older Dell 2650 server running ArchLinux x64: http://www.dell.com/downloads/global/products/pedge/en/2650_specs.pdf (2 x 2.4GHz Intel Xeon w/around 3287 RAM according to "free -m") We use it to host our internal company site and to post some information from our orders to and we'd like the ability to keep it up as much as possible. What we require: - It needs to always be functional from 8am to 4pm for our data entry person to use it and others to do other things required on it. - If it goes down, we need a quick way to get the machine running again. - If it goes down, we would like to have the data backed up. Some of the major problems include: - The servers old and it may have memory issues - We don't know when one of the hard drives could fail - Our power goes out here once in a while We have a battery backup, but that's pretty much it and it's not for long term. If the server does go down, we have another system in place to store order information that comes in while it's down and repost it when it's back, but we need it up during the day. So we're wondering, what should we get for options? These are the things we thought of, sort of: Setup RAID 1, but that would involve wiping everything right? If we do that, how would we transfer the data over without messing up the server? We could buy an extra server or 2 off eBay for $100, the same model, is that practical or should we get something else? Should we buy a PC or another better server and host off that because it is if anything easier to exchange parts? Should we keep extra parts handy incase it implodes? Should we buy/use backup software? We hear drobo's are cool, but suck. Perhaps there is a software solution to this problem that backs up to another machine or gets us up and running again quickly. Also, if we are to purchase hardware, what is decent? Does anybody know of one for ArchLinux/Linux? We both know a ton about computers but we're kind of unsure what step to take with this, especially with this type of server. Thanks

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• SQL Server suddenly using only a small portion of CPU.

  - by hermiod

  We've got a Windows 2008 R2 server running SQL Server 2008. All of a sudden, the SQLServer process is refusing to go above 20% CPU usage. As of last week, when running a heavy query against the db it would rise to 100% usage as I would expect. We've had this server for a while and it seems strange that it would just suddenly have this limit. This limit is causing our queries to take a lot longer than they normally would. No one has (knowingly at least) made any changes to the server configuration. After a bit of investigation, I discovered the sys.dm_os_sys_memory view. This shows 'available physical memory is high' bu at the same time the available physical memory is 339552kb where as the total is 4193848kb. It is worth noting that this is a virtual server running on vmware. Is there a setting somewhere with in SQL Server that sets the maximum CPU usage? I've found the settings in resource governor, although this is currently off as it always has been. We have recently started using Spotlight for SQL Server by Quest Software. It's playback database was located on this server for a short time this morning, I first noticed the problem shortly afterwards, although I hadn't been doing any queries prior to this so I don't know if this is the point at which the problem began, however the database was working as expected on Friday afternoon. The Windows log shows that the following settings were applied to the SpotlightPlaybackDatabase when it was created. 02/21/2011 08:45:02,spid60,Unknown,Setting database option TORN_PAGE_DETECTION to ON for database SpotlightPlaybackDatabase. 02/21/2011 08:45:02,spid60,Unknown,Setting database option MULTI_USER to ON for database SpotlightPlaybackDatabase. 02/21/2011 08:45:02,spid60,Unknown,Setting database option READ_WRITE to ON for database SpotlightPlaybackDatabase. 02/21/2011 08:45:02,spid60,Unknown,Setting database option AUTO_UPDATE_STATISTICS to ON for database SpotlightPlaybackDatabase. 02/21/2011 08:45:02,spid60,Unknown,Setting database option AUTO_CREATE_STATISTICS to ON for database SpotlightPlaybackDatabase. 02/21/2011 08:45:02,spid60,Unknown,Setting database option ANSI_WARNINGS to OFF for database SpotlightPlaybackDatabase. 02/21/2011 08:45:02,spid60,Unknown,Setting database option CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL to ON for database SpotlightPlaybackDatabase. 02/21/2011 08:45:02,spid60,Unknown,Setting database option RECOVERY to SIMPLE for database SpotlightPlaybackDatabase. 02/21/2011 08:45:02,spid60,Unknown,Setting database option QUOTED_IDENTIFIER to OFF for database SpotlightPlaybackDatabase. 02/21/2011 08:45:02,spid60,Unknown,Setting database option AUTO_CLOSE to OFF for database SpotlightPlaybackDatabase. Could any of these settings changes modified the settings applied to the whole server?

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• Weird nfs performance: 1 thread better than 8, 8 better than 2!

  - by Joe

  I'm trying to determine the cause of poor nfs performance between two Xen Virtual Machines (client & server) running on the same host. Specifically, the speed at which I can sequentially read a 1GB file on the client is much lower than what would be expected based on the measured network connection speed between the two VMs and the measured speed of reading the file directly on the server. The VMs are running Ubuntu 9.04 and the server is using the nfs-kernel-server package. According to various NFS tuning resources, changing the number of nfsd threads (in my case kernel threads) can affect performance. Usually this advice is framed in terms of increasing the number from the default of 8 on heavily-used servers. What I find in my current configuration: RPCNFSDCOUNT=8: (default): 13.5-30 seconds to cat a 1GB file on the client so 35-80MB/sec RPCNFSDCOUNT=16: 18s to cat the file 60MB/s RPCNFSDCOUNT=1: 8-9 seconds to cat the file (!!?!) 125MB/s RPCNFSDCOUNT=2: 87s to cat the file 12MB/s I should mention that the file I'm exporting is on a RevoDrive SSD mounted on the server using Xen's PCI-passthrough; on the server I can cat the file in under seconds ( 250MB/s). I am dropping caches on the client before each test. I don't really want to leave the server configured with just one thread as I'm guessing that won't work so well when there are multiple clients, but I might be misunderstanding how that works. I have repeated the tests a few times (changing the server config in between) and the results are fairly consistent. So my question is: why is the best performance with 1 thread? A few other things I have tried changing, to little or no effect: increasing the values of /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ipfrag_low_thresh and /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ipfrag_high_thresh to 512K, 1M from the default 192K,256K increasing the value of /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_default and /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_max to 1M from the default of 128K mounting with client options rsize=32768, wsize=32768 From the output of sar -d I understand that the actual read sizes going to the underlying device are rather small (<100 bytes) but this doesn't cause a problem when reading the file locally on the client. The RevoDrive actually exposes two "SATA" devices /dev/sda and /dev/sdb, then dmraid picks up a fakeRAID-0 striped across them which I have mounted to /mnt/ssd and then bind-mounted to /export/ssd. I've done local tests on my file using both locations and see the good performance mentioned above. If answers/comments ask for more details I will add them.

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• Laptops on Windows Domain sometimes have problems accessing internet when off-site

  - by FSUScoot

  Hi all-- We've had this problem for a long time. When users travel, sometimes they can't get internet access from a wired or wireless connection. Here are a couple examples: 1) A user goes to a hotel and tries to access the wireless in their room. They can connect to the access point. They open a web browser and they can't get re-directed to the hotel's login page. Because they can't log in, there's no internet access. 2) A user goes to another laboratory/university and tries to access the wired network. They connect, link is fine, PC gets IP from DHCP but no internet access. There's no login page to be re-directed to. It should just "work". What I've found is that it's a DNS issue. Because the computer is on a Windows Domain, it seems it MUST use our DNS servers. Even if you connect to an outside network and do an ipconfig /all, it looks like everything is ok. It'll even show their DNS servers listed in the config. The computer just won't use the other network's DNS server. I found a reg key that keeps our DNS servers listed and it seems that they take priority every time: HKLM\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows NT\DNSClient All the values under that key are for our AD domain. NameServer and Searchlist never change. What I've found is if the user edits the NameServer string and puts the DNS server of the network they're on, everything works just fine. They get re-directed to the hotel's correct login page or their internet access starts working. It's only a problem if the network they're on blocks outside DNS or a hotel that uses an internal name in their front page redirection that only their DNS server knows about, i.e., not public. If the re-direct page starts with an IP, like 10.10.10.10, it'll work just fine. Obviously this isn't a fix for everyone. Most of my users are pretty knowledgeable so it’s easy for me to walk them through or send them a .reg file that they can edit and run. This problem isn't limited to Windows 7. It was like this with XP as well. It's not hardware related. The problem exists on both wired and wireless, Intel or Broadcom, laptops or desktops. Anyone else have this problem? Is there a GPO I can change that I missed? Got a good work-around for this? Thanks for any help!

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• What is the probable failure - no BSOD, no event log, monitors sleeping, force reboot required

  - by Tyler

  Every 3 to 15 days, my PC freezes. This typically happens when the computer is idle, I'm coming home from work, back from vacation, etc. It's never happened while using my computer. The monitors are in power save mode The Caps Lock light on the (wireless) keyboard doesn't work Ctrl-alt-del has no effect, mouse (wireless) has no effect The hardware reset button and single press of power putton have no effect Computer does not appear on the network No BSOD, no memory dump Event logs have no errors or indications of problems near the time of crash. Only messages after reboot indicating that there was a reboot without a clean shutdown. Windows is set to never put the computer to sleep (just the display) Here are the vital stats of the build: OS Windows 8 Pro 64-bit CPU Intel i5-2400 Mobo Intel BOXDP67DE Micro ATX GPU MSI N460GTX Cyclone768D5/OC RAM CORSAIR XMS3 8GB (2 x 4GB) CMX8GX3M2A1333C9 PSU SeaSonic X Series X650 Gold System Drive Samsung 840 Pro 256 GB SSD Data Drive 2 x Western Digital WD20EARS 2TB in hardware RAID 1 Optical Lite-On DVD burner IHAS424-98 And here is the story of how the problem developed and what I've done to diagnose: January 2011, system built with Windows 7 64-bit, runs great. March 2011, Intel replaced the mobo because of the bad sata controllers. October 2012, upgrade to Windows 8 (problems start shortly after). January 2013, system freezes and causes network to fail for the whole house. Unplug the network cable and other devices and PCs can use the internet. Plug it back in, internet goes away for everyone. Reboot and everything is fine. March 2013, install Intel Gigabit CT PCI-E NIC, disable mobo nic in bios. Network strangeness goes away. Freezes are less frequent. Memtest shows no problems (20 passes). Early June 2013, replace Antec PSU with SeaSonic PSU. Mid June 2013, replace OCZ Vertex 2 SSD with Samsung SSD. Late June 2013, get frustrated and hope the community has some good ideas (I'm running out of budget to replace parts). My next plan of attack is setting "Turn off display" to Never and using a screen saver to see how that reacts on the next freeze. It makes me sad to waste power for up to 15 days though. Has anyone out there seen a problem like this? Any ideas on what kind of malfunction would act this way? Ideas of other diagnostic steps to take?

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• Triple monitor setup in linux

  - by Brendan Abel

  I'm hoping there are some xorg gurus out there. I'm trying to get a three monitor setup working in linux. I have 2 lcd monitors and a tv, all different resolutions. I'm using 2 video cards; a 9800 GTX and 7900Gt. I've seen a lot of different posts about people trying to make this work, and in every case, they either gave up, or Xinerama magically solved all their problems. Basically, my main problem is that I cannot get Xinerama to work. Every time I turn it on in the options, my machine gets stuck in a neverending boot cycle. If I disable Xinerama, I just have three Xorg screens, but I can't drag windows from one to the other. I can get the 2 lcds on Twinview, and the tv on a separate Xorg screen no problem. But I don't really like this solution. I'd rather have them all on separate screens and stitch them together with Xinerama. Has anyone done this? Here's my xorg.conf for reference. p.s. This took me all of 30 seconds to set up in Windows XP! p.s.s. I've seen somewhere that maybe randr can solve my problems? But I'm not quite sure how? Section "Monitor" Identifier "Main1" VendorName "Acer" ModelName "H233H" HorizSync 40-70 VertRefresh 60 Option "dpms" EndSection #Section "Monitor" # Identifier "Main2" # VendorName "Acer" # ModelName "AL2216W" # HorizSync 40-70 # VertRefresh 60 # Option "dpms" #EndSection Section "Monitor" Identifier "Projector" VendorName "BenQ" ModelName "W500" HorizSync 44.955-45 VertRefresh 59.94-60 Option "dpms" EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "Card1" Driver "nvidia" VendorName "nvidia" BusID "PCI:5:0:0" BoardName "nVidia Corporation G92 [GeForce 9800 GTX+]" Option "ConnectedMonitor" "DFP,DFP" Option "NvAGP" "0" Option "NoLogo" "True" #Option "TVStandard" "HD720p" EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "Card2" Driver "nvidia" VendorName "nvidia" BusID "PCI:4:0:0" BoardName "nVidia Corporation G71 [GeForce 7900 GT/GTO]" Option "NvAGP" "0" Option "NoLogo" "True" Option "TVStandard" "HD720p" EndSection Section "Module" Load "glx" EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "ScreenMain-0" Device "Card1-0" Monitor "Main1" DefaultDepth 24 Option "Twinview" Option "TwinViewOrientation" "RightOf" Option "MetaModes" "DFP-0: 1920x1080; DFP-1: 1680x1050" Option "HorizSync" "DFP-0: 40-70; DFP-1: 40-70" Option "VertRefresh" "DFP-0: 60; DFP-1: 60" #SubSection "Display" # Depth 24 # Virtual 4880 1080 #EndSubSection EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "ScreenProjector" Device "Card2" Monitor "Projector" DefaultDepth 24 Option "MetaModes" "TV-0: 1280x720" Option "HorizSync" "TV-0: 44.955-45" Option "VertRefresh" "TV-0: 59.94-60" EndSection Section "ServerLayout" Identifier "BothTwinView" Screen "ScreenMain-0" Screen "ScreenProjector" LeftOf "ScreenMain-0" #Option "Xinerama" "on" # most important option let you window expand to three monitors EndSection

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• Linux clock loses 10 minutes every week

  - by PaKempf

  One of my linux server's clock loses 10 minutes every now and then, nearly every week. I update the time so it stays correct, and although it doesn't really bother me, i'd like to fix it. I've been searching around a bit. Nothing can be responsible in the crontab, and i can't find any related message in the logs. Some people seem to use ntp to fix that kind of issue, but i'd prefer not to use an unecessary component on it. Uname result : Linux unis-monitor 2.6.32-5-686 #1 SMP Mon Feb 25 01:04:36 UTC 2013 i686 GNU/Linux Cat message : cat messages Jul 14 06:25:06 unis-monitor rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="4.6.4" x-pid="882" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] rsyslogd was HUPed, type 'lightweight'. Jul 15 06:25:05 unis-monitor rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="4.6.4" x-pid="882" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] rsyslogd was HUPed, type 'lightweight'. Cat syslog cat syslog Jul 15 06:25:05 unis-monitor rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="4.6.4" x-pid="882" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] rsyslogd was HUPed, type 'lightweight'. Jul 15 06:39:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[15272]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -delete) Jul 15 07:09:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[15465]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -delete) Jul 15 07:17:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[15521]: (root) CMD ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly) Jul 15 07:39:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[15662]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -delete) Jul 15 08:09:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[15855]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -delete) Jul 15 08:17:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[15911]: (root) CMD ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly) Jul 15 08:39:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[16052]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -delete) Jul 15 09:09:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[16273]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -delete) So if you have any clue of where to look or what i could use to monitor those date change ? Here is some more infos : the server is a virtual server hosted on HyperV on a win 2012 server. Don't know if it changes anything, seen the other servers hosted don't have this issue...

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• VirtualBox Port Forward not working when Guest IP *IS* specified (while doc says opposite)

  - by Patrick

  Trying to port forward from host (Mac OS X) 127.0.0.1:8282 - guest (CentOS)'s 10.10.10.10:8080. Existing port forwards include 127.0.0.1:8181 and 9191 to guest without any IP specified (so whatever it gets through DHCP, as explained in the documentation). Here is how the non-working binding was added: VBoxManage modifyvm "VM name" --natpf1 "rule3,tcp,127.0.0.1,8282,10.10.10.10,8080" Here is how the working ones were added: VBoxManage modifyvm "VM name" --natpf1 "rule1,tcp,127.0.0.1,8181,,80" VBoxManage modifyvm "VM name" --natpf1 "rule2,tcp,127.0.0.1,9191,,9090" And by "non-working", I of course mean not listening (as a prerequisite to forwarding): $ lsof -Pi -n|grep Virtual|grep LISTEN VirtualBo 27050 user 21u IPv4 0x2bbdc68fd363175d 0t0 TCP 127.0.0.1:9191 (LISTEN) VirtualBo 27050 user 22u IPv4 0x2bbdc68fd0e0af75 0t0 TCP 127.0.0.1:8181 (LISTEN) There should be a similar line above but with 127.0.0.1:8282. Just to be clear, this port is listening perfectly fine on the guest itself. And when I remove the guest IP (i.e., clear the 10.10.10.10) the forward works fine, albeit to eth0 (not eth1 where I need it). I can tcpdump and watch the traffic flow back and forth. And yes, I've disabled iptables entirely while testing -- it's not getting blocked anywhere on the guest. As VirtualBox writes in their documentation, you are required to specify the guest IP if it's static (makes sense, no DHCP record it keeps): "If for some reason the guest uses a static assigned IP address not leased from the built-in DHCP server, it is required to specify the guest IP when registering the forwarding rule:". However, doing so (as I need to), seems to break the port forward with nary a report in any log file I can find. (I've reviewed everything in ~/Library/VirtualBox/). Other notes: While I used the above command to add the third rule, I've also verified it showed up correctly in GUI and then removed/re-added from there just to make sure). This forum link -- while very dated -- looks somewhat related in that a port forward to a static IP was not appearing (perhaps they think due to lack of gratuitous arp being sent for host to know IP is there/avail?). Anyway, what gives? Is this still buggy? Any suggestions? If not, easy enough workarounds? What's interesting is that this works perfectly fine on another user's Mac, however he's running a slightly older version (4.3.6 v. 4.3.12).

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• Issue using a "used" SSD as a Windows 8.1 Boot Drive

  - by EpiGrad

  So, I'm something of a Mac person, but decided to take a stab at this whole "build yourself a PC" thing - right now, the thing is assembled, posts just fine, and can get to the BIOS. The problem is the drive I want to use - I intended to use a 80 GB Corsair SSD I've had sitting around as the boot drive, and a new Samsung SSD for games and the like. So I boot using a Windows 8.1 install USB stick, and if the Samsung drive is plugged in, it happily offers to install Windows on it. The Corsair drive though, it's flipped out - I reformatted it as a blank NTFS drive (it was HFS for Mac purposes) and the BIOS can't see it, nor can the Windows installer. What's wrong, and how do I fix it? The tools at my disposal are: The current ASUS BIOS that came with my motherboard (a Z87I-Deluxe), a Mac running the latest OS X which can also boot to Windows 7 if needed via either Parallels or Bootcamp. Update 1: Update: Based on a friend's suggestion to switch SATA ports, Windows 8.1's installer can now see the drive as Drive 0, Partition 1, a 83.8 GB "Primary" partition. But when I click it and hit "Next", I get the following error: "We couldn't create a new partition or locate an existing one. For more information, see the Setup log files" - not that it gives any clue how to access those. Update 2: Following a trail of Google suggestions, I ended up going into advanced tools and just reformatting the drive as follows: Start DISKPART. Type LIST DISK and identify your SSD disk number (from 0 to n disks). Type SELECT DISK <n> where <n> is your SSD disk number. Type CLEAN Type CREATE PARTITION PRIMARY Type ACTIVE Type FORMAT FS=NTFS QUICK Type ASSIGN Type EXIT twice (one to get out of DiskPart, the other to exit the command line tool) Per these instructions. This goes well enough, but now I can select the disk for installation, and I get a new error: "Windows 8 cannot be installed to this disk. The selected disk has an MBR partition table. On EFI systems, Windows can only be installed to GP disks." So, Googling that, I do the following: select disk 0 clean convert gpt exit ...and we might have fixed it. Windows is at least trying to install now.

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• Undelivered Mail Returned to Sender

  - by Alex

  When sending to [email protected] via PHP mail() function, I receive mails. When sending emails from external machines, I receive the following (e.g., sending from [email protected]. [mail.ru is Russian gmail]): This is the mail system at host fallback2.mail.ru. I'm sorry to have to inform you that your message could not be delivered to one or more recipients. It's attached below. For further assistance, please send mail to <postmaster> If you do so, please include this problem report. You can delete your own text from the attached returned message. The mail system <[email protected]>: lost connection with mail.mydomain.com[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx] while receiving the initial server greeting Reporting-MTA: dns; fallback2.mail.ru X-mPOP-Fallback_MX-Queue-ID: D8C19F2411F1 X-mPOP-Fallback_MX-Sender: rfc822; [email protected] Arrival-Date: Tue, 29 Oct 2013 10:09:21 +0400 (MSK) Final-Recipient: rfc822; [email protected] Original-Recipient: rfc822;[email protected] Action: failed Status: 4.4.2 Diagnostic-Code: X-mPOP-Fallback_MX; lost connection with mail.tld.com[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx] while receiving the initial server greeting Here is my postfix main.cf: command_directory = /usr/sbin daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix data_directory = /var/lib/postfix myhostname = mail.mydomain.com mydomain = mydomain.com myorigin = mydomain.com inet_interfaces = all inet_protocols = all unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550 in_flow_delay = 1s alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases mail_name = mydomain.com daemon debug_peer_level = 2 debugger_command = PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5 sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix setgid_group = postdrop html_directory = no manpage_directory = /usr/share/man sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/samples readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/README_FILES bounce_queue_lifetime = 4h maximal_queue_lifetime = 4h delay_warning_time = 1h strict_rfc821_envelopes = yes show_user_unknown_table_name = no allow_percent_hack = no swap_bangpath = no smtpd_delay_reject = yes smtpd_error_sleep_time = 20 smtpd_soft_error_limit = 1 smtpd_hard_error_limit = 3 smtpd_junk_command_limit = 2 mydestination = mydomain.com, localhost.localdomain, localhost smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_inet_interfaces smtpd_recipient_limit = 100 virtual_alias_domains = mydomain.com virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination Why emails from external server are not being delivered? Thank you! Update In a log, the following lines appear a lot of times Oct 30 10:48:29 mydomain postfix/smtpd[16216]: connect from fallback5.mail.ru[94.100.176.59] Oct 30 10:48:29 mydomain postfix/smtpd[16216]: warning: SASL: Connect to private/auth failed: Connection refused Oct 30 10:48:29 mydomain postfix/smtpd[16216]: fatal: no SASL authentication mechanisms It appears I have to configure SASL? I would understand if I would like to send emails from postfix, but why do I need it to receive emails?

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• nginx rewrite for wikkawiki

  - by Hans

  Just setup WikkaWiki on my server, I have been trying to have the links go from wiki.mysite.info/wikka.php?wakka=Start into wiki.mysite.info/DotMG. I tried following their guide at http://docs.wikkawiki.org/ModRewrite, however it seems incomplete and outdated. Furthermore, as of version 1.3.2 base_url isn't even manually configurable from the wikka.config.php file. I am using version 1.3.2 of WikkaWiki. My nginx virtual hosts file contains: server { listen 80; server_name wiki.mysite.info; root /usr/share/nginx/wikka/; access_log /usr/share/nginx/.access/wikka; error_log /usr/share/nginx/.error/wikka error; location / { index index.php; try_files $uri $uri/ @wikka; } location @wikka { rewrite ^(.*/[^\./]*[^/])$ $1/ last; rewrite ^(.*)$ /wikka.php?wakka=$1 last; } location ~* \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; } } Thus far it works, I can go to wiki.mysite.info/APage and it'll display that page, however it doesn't work on all pages, sometime the browser simply downloads the page (For some reason it always downloads the Start page). Also when I go to wiki.mysite.info/ it downloads the wikka.php file... Furthermore, the links on the wiki have the wikka.php?wakka= so whenever I navigate around the wiki, it goes back to being wiki.mysite.info/wikka.php?wakka=APage. I think something is wrong with my rewrite but I can't say for sure. Contents of the fastcgi_params: fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $request_filename; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root; fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol; fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1; fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx/$nginx_version; fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr; fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr; fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name; fastcgi_param HTTPS $server_https; # PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;

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• How to find the process(es) which are hogging the machine

  - by Aaron Digulla

  Scenario: All of a sudden, my computer feels sluggish. Mouse moves but windows take ages to open, etc. uptime says the load is 7.69 and raising. What is the fastest way to find out which process(es) are the cause of the load? Now, "top" and similar tools isn't the answer because they either show CPU or memory usage but not both at the same time. What I need is the single command which I might be able to type as it happens - something that will figure out any of System is trying to swap 8GB of RAM to disk because process X ... or process X seeks all over the disk or process X uses 400% CPU" So what I'm looking for is iostat, htop/atop and similar tools run into one with an output like this: 1235 cp - Disk trashing 87 chrome - Uses 2&nbsp;GB of RAM 137 nfs_bench - Uses 95% of the network bandwidth I don't want a tool that gives me some numbers which I can analyze but a tool that tells me exactly which process causes the current load. Assume that the user in front of the keyboard barely knows how to write "process", but the user is quickly overwhelmed when it comes to "resident size", "virtual memory" or "process life cycle". My argument goes like this: A user notices a problem. There can be thousands of reasons ... well, almost :-) The user wants to know the source of the problem. The current solutions give me lots of numbers, and I need to know what these numbers mean. What I'm looking for is a meta tool. 99% of the data is irrelevant to the problem. So what the tool should do is look for processes which hog some resource and list only those along with "this process needs a lot of CPU, this produces many IRQs, this process allocates a lot of RAM (and it's still growing)". This will be a relatively short list. It will be much more simple for someone new to this to locate the culprit from this list than from the output of, say, htop which gives me about 5000 numbers but requires me to fold multi-threaded processes myself (I have 50 lines which say VIRT 2750M but only 16 GB of RAM - the machine ought to swap itself to death but of course, this is a misinterpretation of the data that can happen quickly).

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• Can't install .NET framework 4.0 on Windows XP professional version 2002 SP3 (OS bug?)

  - by that guy

  .NET framework 4.0 install fails on Windows XP professional version 2002 SP3: I tried to run setup using "run as..." to make sure the admin rights are used ("protect my computer..." tick was deselected of course). I tried everything: installing using online/offline setup, windows update. install goes a little and then "rolls back" and says: Installation did not succeed .NET Framework 4 has not been installed because: Fatal error during installation. for more information about this problem, see the log file. the full log: http://pastebay.net/1433771 Any ideas? EDIT1: I have found this in the log: "BlockIf: You must install the 32-bit Windows Imaging Component (WIC) before you run Setup. Please visit the Microsoft Download Center to install WIC, and then rerun Setup...." So I found it, and launched "wic_x86_enu.exe" - but it said: WIC Setup error Newer version of update is already on the system. I have already installed: .NET framewrok 2.0 SP2 .NET framewrok 3.0 SP2 .NET framewrok 3.5 SP1 but I need 4.0 . EDIT2: another attempt and it's log. (this time better copy of log file): http://pastebin.com/gmGfbM9a (copy to notepad and save as .htm and open with internet browser). I have tried all the solutions I could find - and nothing helped. I have found something weird: when I formatted the hard drive and installed windows xp again - the .NET framework 4.0 installed ok, but when I plugged my 100Mbit internet cable - the operating system kind off "locked itself" and the bug returned - I could no longer install .NET framework 4.0 again. There was no reason for that to happen, for example I have windows server 2003 in local network, but I don't have active directory enabled on it or anything like that - the server just has some folders shared and thats all (all server's "features" are default). I had the second pc with the same problem - with XP on it too. This seems like the bug of Operating System to me. I couldn't find what was causing the problem. After many days I gave up: backuped everything, formatted HDD and installed Windows 7 professional 64bit. .NET framework 4.0 installed with no problem on it.

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• My USB bootable thumb drive, no longer boots on a single particular computer on which it previously worked

  - by LiamMeron

  I created a bootable drive, booting CrunchBang, about 2 months ago. About a month ago, I booted into it on another laptop. After shutting down, I have been unable to get it to boot on my own laptop, despite having worked previously. I can still boot into it on my desktop, and can also boot into it on all other computers that I have tried. If I plug it in when I am running Ubuntu, the Home and / folders mount, the only error being that for some reason my PC likes to try and mount the swap partition too, which naturally, gives an error. The BIOS settings are all still setup to boot from USB. When I boot, all I get is a black screen with the white cursor, it will stay there for as long as I leave it. If it is worth anything, I have GRUB loader installed on the drive. The partitions look a little odd, but I am rather unfamiliar with how they are dealt with. The first partition, /, is sdb1 and has the bootable flag. The second partition is an extended system, and is sdb2. The third partition, according to GParted, seems to be nested under the second. This is the swap partition, and it is sdb5 The fourth partition is my home partition and is sdb6 and is also nested under the extended system. The first and fourth partitions are ext4. I don't know if that helps, but the more info, the better accuracy, generally. Thanks. EDIT: I tried reinstalling GRUB on the drive, but that didn't work. However, when I reinstalled GRUB on my laptop, I did it with my USB thumbdrive in. This caused the GRUB updater to find the /boot folder and add the proper details into my laptop's GRUB loader. I could log into CrunchBang from my laptop's GRUB but I was still unable to boot directly to the drive. It looked like my BIOS is unable to find the bootloader. I am unable to install GRUB to a partition I just created, a /boot partition at the start of the drive, GRUB just doesn't allow it. I think I'm going to have to reinstall #! on my drive, which won't be a great loss as I haven't put much time into it.

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• OpenVPN Chaining

  - by noderunner

  I'm trying to set up an OpenVPN "chain", similar to what is described here. I have two separate networks, A and B. Each network has an OpenVPN server using a standard "road warrior" or "client/server" approach. A client can connect to either one for access to the hosts/services on that respective network. But server A and B are also connected to each other. The servers on each network have a "site-to-site" connection between the two. What I'm trying to accomplish, is the ability to connect to network A as a client, and then make connections with hosts on network B. I'm using tun/routing for all of the VPN connections. The "chain" looks something like this: [Client] --- [Server A] --- [Server A] --- [Server B] --- [Server B] --- [Host B] (tun0) (tun0) (tun1) (tun0) (eth0) (eth0) The whole idea is that server A should route traffic destined to network B through the "site-to-site" VPN set up on tun1 when a client from tun0 tries to connect. I did this simply by setting up two connection profiles on server A. One profile is a standard server config running on tun0, defining a virtual client network, IP address pool, pushing routes, etc. The other is a client connection to Server B running on tun1. With ip_forwarding enabled, I then simply added a "push route" to the clients advertising a route to network B. On server A, this seems to work when I look at tcpdump output. If I connect as a client, and then ping a host on network B, I can see the traffic getting passed from tun0 to tun1 on Server A: tcpdump -nSi tun1 icmp The weird thing is that I don't see Server B receiving that traffic through the tunnel. It's as if Server A is sending it through the site-to-site connection like it should, but server B is completely ignoring it. When I look for the traffic on Server B, it simply isn't there. A ping from Server A -- Host B works fine. But a ping from a client connected to Server A to host B does not. I'm wondering if Server B is ignoring the traffic because the source IP does not match the client IP pool that it hands out to clients? Does anyone know if I need to do something on Server B in order for it to see the traffic? This is a complicated problem to explain, so thanks if you stuck with me this far.

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• Why is Linux choosing the wrong source ip address

  - by Scheintod

  and what to do to let it choose the right one? This all happens inside an OpenVZ container: The Host is Debian/Wheezy with Redhat/OpenVZ Kernel: root@mycl2:~# uname -a Linux mycl2 2.6.32-openvz-042stab081.5-amd64 #1 SMP Mon Sep 30 16:40:27 MSK 2013 x86_64 GNU/Linux The container has two (virtual) network interfaces. One in public and one in private address-space: root@mycl2:~# ifconfig lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) venet0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:127.0.0.2 P-t-P:127.0.0.2 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP BROADCAST POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:475 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:775 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:32059 (31.3 KiB) TX bytes:56309 (54.9 KiB) venet0:0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:80.123.123.29 P-t-P:80.123.123.29 Bcast:80.123.123.29 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP BROADCAST POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1 venet0:1 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:10.0.1.29 P-t-P:10.0.1.29 Bcast:10.0.1.29 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP BROADCAST POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1 The route to the private network is set manually: root@mycl2:~# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 venet0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 venet0 Tring to ping others on the private network leads to the wrong source address been choosen: root@mycl2:~# ip route get 10.0.1.26 10.0.1.26 dev venet0 src 80.123.123.29 cache mtu 1500 advmss 1460 hoplimit 64 Why is this and what can I do about it? EDIT: If I create the route with (thanks to Joshua) ip route add 10.0.0.0/8 dev venet0 src 10.0.1.29 it is working. But according to man ip-route the src parameter should only set the source-ip if this route is chosen. But if this route is chosen then the source-ip would be that anyway.

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• Nginx Load Balancer 403 error

  - by user64473

  I am trying to install nginx as a load balancer with apache backends, so that when I point my sites to the nginx server it serves up the content from the apache backend. I have the apache configuration set up correctly on both (i.e when I go to the site on the apache servers it works great) but when I use the nginx load balancer as the site I get 403 error. I have no idea why as it isn't even accessing any files on the server, thusly there aren't any files to be forbidden access to. My virtual host is enabled and looks like this: upstream webs { server 10.0.0.30 weight=1; server 10.0.0.31 weight=1; } server { listen 80; server_name www.example.com example.com; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; location / { proxy_pass http://webs; include /etc/nginx/proxy.conf; } } and my nginx.conf looks like this: user www-data; worker_processes 4; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; # multi_accept on; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; tcp_nodelay on; gzip on; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)"; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 128k; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; proxy_buffers 32 4k; } Can any geniuses out there tell me what I am doing wrong?

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• SQL Express 2008 R2 on Amazon EC2 instance: tons of free memory, poor performance

  - by gravyface

  The old SQL Express 2005 was running on a low-end single Xeon CPU Dell server, RAID 5 7200 disks, 2 GB RAM (SBS 2003). I have not done any baseline measurements on the old physical server, but the Web app is used by half a dozen people (maybe 2 concurrently), so I figured "how bad can an Amazon EC2 instance be?". It's pretty horrible: a difference of 8 seconds of load time on one screen. First of all, I'm not a SQL guru, but here's what I've tried: Had a Small Instance, now running a c1.medium (High Cpu Medium) Windows 2008 32-bit R2 EBS-backed instance running IIS 7.5 and SQL Express 2008 R2. No noticeable improvement. Changed Page File from fixed 256 to Automatic. Setup a Striped Mirror from within Disk Management with two attached 1 GB EBS volumes. Moved database and transaction log, left everything else on the boot EBS volume. No noticeable change. Looked at memory, ~1000 MB of physical memory free (1.7 GB total). Changed SQL instance to use a minimum of 1024 RAM; restarted server, no change in memory usage. SQL still only using ~28MB of RAM(!). So I'm thinking: this database is tiny (28MB), why isn't the whole thing cached in RAM? Surely that would speed up performance. The transaction log is 241 MB. Seems kind of large in comparison -- has this not been committed? Is it a cause of performance degradation? I recall something about Recovery Models and log sizes somewhere in my travels, but not positive. Another thing: the old server was running SQL Express 2005. Not sure if that has any impact, but I tried changing the compatibility level from SQL 2000 to 2008, but that had no effect. Anyways, what else can I try here? Seems ridiculous to throw more virtual hardware at this thing. I know I/O is going to be rough on EBS volumes, but surely others are successfully running small .NET/SQL apps on reasonably priced instances?

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• Asterisk server firewall script allows 2-way audio from incoming calls, but not on outgoing?

  - by cappie

  I'm running an Asterisk PBX on a virtual machine directly connected to the Internet and I really want to prevent script kiddies, l33t h4x0rz and actual hackers access to my server. The basic way I protect my calling-bill now is by using 32 character passwords, but I would much rather have a way to protect The firewall script I'm currently using is stated below, however, without the established connection firewall rule (mentioned rule #1), I cannot receive incoming audio from the target during outgoing calls: #!/bin/bash # first, clean up! iptables -F iptables -X iptables -t nat -F iptables -t nat -X iptables -t mangle -F iptables -t mangle -X iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT iptables -P FORWARD DROP # we're not a router iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT # don't allow invalid connections iptables -A INPUT -m state --state INVALID -j DROP # always allow connections that are already set up (MENTIONED RULE #1) iptables -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT # always accept ICMP iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT # always accept traffic on these ports #iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT # always allow DNS traffic iptables -A INPUT -p udp --sport 53 -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT # allow return traffic to the PBX iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 50000:65536 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 10000:20000 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p udp --destination-port 5060:5061 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --destination-port 5060:5061 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -m multiport -p udp --dports 10000:20000 iptables -A INPUT -m multiport -p tcp --dports 10000:20000 # IP addresses of the office iptables -A INPUT -s 95.XXX.XXX.XXX/32 -j ACCEPT # accept everything from the trunk IP's iptables -A INPUT -s 195.XXX.XXX.XXX/32 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -s 195.XXX.XXX.XXX/32 -j ACCEPT # accept everything on localhost iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT # accept all outgoing traffic iptables -A OUTPUT -j ACCEPT # DROP everything else #iptables -A INPUT -j DROP I would like to know what firewall rule I'm missing for this all to work.. There is so little documentation on which ports (incoming and outgoing) asterisk actually needs.. (return ports included). Are there any firewall/iptables specialists here that see major problems with this firewall script? It's so frustrating not being able to find a simple firewall solution that enabled me to have a PBX running somewhere on the Internet which is firewalled in such a way that it can ONLY allows connections from and to the office, the DNS servers and the trunk(s) (and only support SSH (port 22) and ICMP traffic for the outside world). Hopefully, using this question, we can solve this problem once and for all.

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• 2 servers, high availability and faster response

  - by user17886

  I recently bought a second webserver because I worry about hardware failure of my old server. Now that I have that second server I wish to do a little more then just have one server standby and replicate all day. As long as it's there I might as well get some advantage our of it ! I have a website powered by ubuntu 12.04, nginx, php-fpm, apc, mysql (5.5) and couchdb. Im currently testing configurations where i can achieve failover AND make good use of the extra harware for faster responses / distributed load. The setup I am testing nowinvolves heartbeat for ip failover and two identical servers. Of the two servers only one has a public ip adress. If one server crashes the other server takes over the public ip adress. On an incoming request nginx forwards the request tot php-fpm to either server a of server b (50/50 if both servers are alive). Once the request has been send to php-fpm both servers look at localhost for the mysql server. I use master-master mysql replication for this. The file system is synced with lsyncd. This works pretty well but Im reading it's discouraged by the (mysql) community. Another option I could think of is to use one server as a mysql master and one server as a web/php server. The servers would still sync their filesystem, would still run the same duplicate software (nginx,mysql) but master slave mysql replication could be used. As long as bother servers are alive I could just prefer nginx to listen to ip a and mysql to ip b. If one server is down, the other server could take over the task of the other server, simply by ip switching. But im completely new at this so I would greatly value your expert advice. Is either of the two setups any good ? If you have any thoughts on this please let me know ! PS, virtualisation, hosting on different locations or active/passive setups are not solutions im looking for. I find virtual server either too slow or too expensive. I already have a passive failover on another location. But in case of a crash I found the site was still unreachable for too long due to dns caching.

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• Windows 7 startup MUCH slower after reinstall (on an SSD)

  - by user326639

  I installed Windows 7 Prof 64 bits OEM (Spanish) on my new machine. As I wanted my Windows to be in English, the web shop where I bought the DVD recomended me to download an ISO file with the same Windows version (but in English), burn it on a DVD and install it. And that I should be able to use my registration code. Location ISO: http://msft-dnl.digitalrivercontent.net/msvista/pub/X15-65805/X15-65805.iso I've done this and everything works (I have not activated my Windows yet but I expect no problem there). Just one thing: its startup is MUCH slower now! Have a look at my PC specs (bottom). On my first install (Spanish), it was like: - motherboard splash screen -- shows for a second or two - list of found drives -- a few seconds - the text "Windows starting" -- about a second before the dots appear - four collored dots form the Windows logo -- a few seconds after the logo is fully formed it moves on to the login screen. On my second install (English): - motherboard splash screen -- shows for 15 seconds - list of found drives -- a few seconds - the text "Windows starting" -- shows for 40 seconds before the dots appear - four collored dots form the Windows logo -- now it moves on to the login screen about equally fast as before. Ones it's up and running it seems to be as responsive as before, although it's possible that I'm not noticing the difference. I did the first install on the virgin SSD drive straight from the box. The second time I let the Windows installation program format the drive first to get rid of the old installation. I noticed that there were two partitions on my SSD: partition 1, 100 Mb, "reserved for the system" and partition 2, 111.7 Gb. I only formated the big partition, and I left the system partition untouched. Between the two installs, I didn't open the computer so everything is connected to the same port. I did not change anything in BIOS. Has Windows not recognized my SSD as an SSD but as a normal HDD. I suspect that Windows has not done the neccesary automatic configuration settings that it should do for SSD's (but that's just a hunch). How do I get my SSD back into its virgin state, as if it came right from the box, so I can go for a 3rd attempt to install windows. Should I use DISKPART? Other ideas are welcome. Specifications: mobo: Gigabyte GA-Z68X-UD3H-B3 CPU: i7-2600K SSD: OCZ Agility3 2,5" HDD: Samsung Spinpoint F4 mem: Kingston HyperX DIMM 8 Gb DDR3-1600

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