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  • How do I account for changed or forgotten tasks in an estimate?

    - by Andrew
    To handle task-level estimates and time reporting, I have been using (roughly) the technique that Steve McConnell describes in Chapter 10 of Software Estimation. Specifically, when the time comes for me to create task-level estimates (right before coding begins on a project), I determine the tasks at a fairly granular level so that, whenever possible, I have no tasks with a single-point, 50%-confidence estimate greater than four hours. That way, the task estimation process helps with constructing the software while helping me not to forget tasks during estimation. I come up with a range of hours possible for each task also, and using the statistical calculations that McConnell describes along with my historical accuracy data, I can generate estimates at other confidence levels when desired. I feel like this method has been working fairly well for me. We are required to put tasks and their estimates into TFS for tracking, so I use the estimates at the percentage of confidence I am told to use. I am unsure, however, what to do when I do forget a task, or I end up needing to do work that does not neatly fall within one of the tasks I estimated. Of course, trying to avoid this situation is best, but how do I account for forgotten/changed tasks? I want to have the best historical data I can to help me with future estimates, but right now, I basically am just calculating whether I made the 50%-confidence estimate and whether I made it inside the ranged estimate. I'll be happy to clarify what I'm asking if needed -- let me know what is unclear.

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  • CS3, Illustrator - Where Do X/Y Coordinates Measure from?

    - by nicorellius
    I have a project where there are several PDF files. I'm using Illustrator to make these. It seems the point/line of origin is inconsistent from image to image (file to file). Where is the point of origin, by default, in CS3 Illustrator? It would be nice if, while I was positioning images, I could just say, "OK, x coordinate is 5.5 inches in this document, so it is 5.5 in that one." But it seems this is not the case. Anyone know how Illustrator sets these parameters?

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  • Reusable skill class structure

    - by Martino Wullems
    Hello, Pretty new to the whole game development scene, but I have experience in other branches of programming. Anyway, I was wondering what methods are used to implement a skill structure. I imagine a skill in itself would a class. I'm using actionscript 3 for this project btw. public class Skill { public var power:int; public var delay:int; public var cooldown:int; public function Attack(user:Mob, target:Mob) { } } } Each skill would extend the Skill class and add it's own functionality. public class Tackle extends Skill { public function Tackle(user:Mob, target:Mob) { super(user, target); executeAttack(); } private function executeAttack():void { //multiply user.strength with power etc //play attack animation } } } This where I get stuck. How do I termine which mobs has which skills? And which skill will they later be able to retrieve (by reaching a certain level etc). How does the player actually execute the skill and how is it determine if it hits. It's all very new to me so I have no idea where to begin. Any links would also be appreciated. Thanks in advance.

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  • does ubuntu 11.10 is support ns2.29

    - by nasser
    I need your help, I'm a beginner on NS2 , and I'm trying to install ns2.29 on ubuntu 11.10 32bits but i can't. This message appear and installation stopped : Build tcl8.4.11 ============================================================ loading cache ./config.cache checking whether to use symlinks for manpages... no checking whether to compress the manpages... no checking whether to add a package name suffix for the manpages... no checking for gcc... gcc checking whether the C compiler (gcc ) works... yes checking whether the C compiler (gcc ) is a cross-compiler... no checking whether we are using GNU C... yes checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes checking for building with threads... no (default) checking if the compiler understands -pipe... yes checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -pipe -E checking for sin... no checking for main in -lieee... yes checking for main in -linet... no checking for net/errno.h... no checking for connect... yes checking for gethostbyname... yes checking how to build libraries... static checking for ranlib... ranlib checking if 64bit support is requested... no checking if 64bit Sparc VIS support is requested... no checking system version (for dynamic loading)... ./configure: 1: Syntax error: Unterminated quoted string tcl8.3.2 configuration failed! Exiting ... Tcl is not part of the ns project. Please see www.Scriptics.com to see if they have a fix for your platform. Anyone can help me?

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  • Does it make sense to write a build scripts in C++?

    - by Klaim
    I'm using CMake to generate my projects IDE/makefiles, but I still need to call custom "scripts" to manipulate my compiled files or even generate code. In previous projects I've been using Python and it was OK, but now I'm having serious trouble managing a lot of dependencies in two very big projects I'm working on so I want to minimize the dependencies everywhere. Someone suggested to me to use C++ to write my build scripts instead of adding a language dependency just for that. The projects themeselves already use C++ so there are several advantages that I can see: to build the whole project, only a C++ compiler and CMake would be necessary, nothing else (all the other dependencies are C or C++); C++ type safety (when using modern C++) makes everything easier to get "correct"; it's also the language I know the better so I'm more at ease with it even if I'm able to write some good Python code; potential gain in execution speed (but i don't think it will really be perceptible); However, I think there might be some drawbacks and I'm not sure of the real impact as I didn't try yet: might be longer to write the code (that said I'm not sure because I'm efficient enough in C++ to write something that work quickly, so maybe for this system it wouldn't be so long to write) (compilation time shouldn't be a problem for this case); I must assume that all the text files I'll read as input are in UTF-8, I'm not sure it can be easilly checked at runtime in C++ and the language will not check it for you; libraries in C++ are harder to manage than in scripting languages; I lack experience and forsight so maybe I'm missing advantages and drawbacks. So the question is: does it make sense to use C++ for this? do you have experiences to report and do you see advantages and disadvantages that might be important?

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  • Have you used nDepend?

    - by Nick Harrison
    Have you Used NDepend? I have often wanted to use it, but never spent the money on it.   I have developed many tools that try to do pieces of what NDepend does, but never with as much success as they reach. Put simply, it is a tool that will allow you to udnerstand and monitor the architecture of your software, and it does it in some pretty amazing ways. One of the most impressive features is something that they call Code Query Language.   It allows you to write queries very similar to SQL to track the performance of various software metrics and use this to identify areas that are out of compliance with your standards and architecture. For instance, once you have analyzed your project, you can write queries such as : SELECT METHODS WHERE IsPublic AND CouldBePrivate  You can also set up such queries to provide warnings if there are records returned.    You can incorporae this into your daily build and compare build against build. There are over 82 metrics included to allow you to view your code in a variety of angles. I have often advocated for a "Code Inventory" database to track the state of software and the ROI on software investments.    This tool alone will take you about 90% of the way there. If you are not using it yet,  I strongly recommend that you do!

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  • How does one escape the GPL?

    - by tehtros
    DISCLAIMER I don't pretend to know anything about licensing. In fact, everything I say below may be completely false! Backstory: Recently, I've been looking for a decent game engine, and I think I've found one that I really like, Cafu Engine. However, they have a dual licensing plan, where everything you make with the engine is forced under GPL, unless you pay for a commercial license. I'm not saying that it's a bad engine, they even say that they are very relaxed about the licensing fees. However, the fact that it even involves the GPL scares me. So my question is basicly, how does one escape the GPL. Here's an example: The id Tech engine, also known as the Quake engine, or the Doom engine, was the base for the popular Source engine. However, the id Tech engine has been released under the GPL, and the Source engine is proprietary. Did Valve get a different license? Or did they do something to escape the GPL? Is there a way to escape the GPL? Or, if you use GPL'd source code as a base for another project, are you forced to use the GPL, and make your source code available to the world. Could some random person take the id Tech engine, modify it past the point of recognition, then use it as a proprietary engine for commercial products? Or are they required to make it open source. One last thing, I generally have no problem what-so-ever with open source. However I feel that open source has it's place, but that is not in the bushiness world.

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  • Can VMWare Workstation 7.x and Sun VirtualBox 3.1.x co-exist on the same Windows 7 64bit Host togeth

    - by Heston T. Holtmann
    Will installing Sun Virtual Box bash or interfere with my VMWare installtion? I don't need to run VMs from both Virtual-Machine software packages at the same time but I do need to run some older Virtual-Machines from Sun-Virtualbox on the same 64-bit Windows 7 host until I can migrate those VMs to VMWare. Before switching from Linux host to Windows host, I ensured to export the VirtualBox VM to an OVF "appliance" with intentions of importing into VMWare Workstation 7. But VMWare gives me an error stating it can't import it. Background info My old workstation host: 32-bit Ubuntu 9.04 running Sun Virtual Box 3.x hosting Windows-XP VM Guest for Windows Software app development (VS2008, etc) Needs I need to get my original Sun-VBox Windows-XP Guest running on my new Windows 7 Workstation either imported into VMWare or running on the Windows version of Sun-Virtual box (I have the VM-Guest Backed up and copied to the new computer data drive. New workstation host: 64bit Windows 7 running VMWare Workstation 7 to host 32bit Ubuntu 9.10 for linux project work.

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  • Microsoft ADO.NET 4 Step by Step

    - by Sahil Malik
    Ad:: SharePoint 2007 Training in .NET 3.5 technologies (more information). Many years ago, I wrote Pro ADO.NET 2.0. I still think that in the plethora of new data access technologies that have come out since, the basic core ADO.NET fundamentals are still every developer must know, and sadly they do not know. So for some crazy reason, I still see every project make the same data access related mistakes over and over again. Anyway, the challenge is that on top of the core ADO.NET fundamentals, there is a vast array of other new technologies you must learn. The important of which is Entity Framework. So, I was asked to, and I was pleased to be the technical reviewer for Microsoft ADO.NET 4, Step by Step, by Tim Patrick. This book introduces the reader not just to the basic ADO.NET principles, but also Entity Framework, LINQ to SQL, and WCF Data Services. So what you may ask is a SharePoint guy like me doing with such interest in ADO.NET land? Well, that’s what the other side says, what is a hardcore data access sorta guy doing in SharePoint land? :). I have authored/co-authored 4 books so far on data access (1,2,3,4), and one on pure SharePoint, and now one on SharePoint 2010 BI. These are very intertwined topics. And LINQ to SQL and LINQ to SharePoint are almost copy paste of each other. WCF Data services are literally the same in both. And many Entity Framework concepts also apply within SharePoint. So there, I did these both for “interest” reasons. Comment on the article ....

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  • What's the best structure for a repository?

    - by jpmelos
    I've looked into many open source software repositories, and I've found some common elements and somethings people do in different fashion from one another. For example, every repository has a README file, a INSTALL file, a COPYING file and stuff like that. Other things differ: Some projects, like git, have their source code in the root level, while others have the source code in a src/ folder and others, like the Linux kernel, have the source code spread in different folders in root level, that divide code by areas; Some have their tests in a t/ folder, while others in a tests/ folder, or named otherwise; Some have files about submitting patches and who the maintainers are, and those might be inside some Documentation/ or in the root level. Are there recommendations? A best practice? For example: personally, I don't like the code in the root level, git-fashion. It looks messy and confuses one trying to start as a contributor (especially because they have some code inside folders, and scripts in the root level as well, it's really messy). If I were to start a project of my own and wanted to start right from the start, are there recommendations? Best practices? How can I make a clean and clear structure? Thank you!

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  • Form recognition using OCR and return image of the value

    - by Jonathan
    I'm on a project that process hundreds of forms. The forms have consistent formats but are filled out by hand by different people. I need a way to quickly processing all of these data into electronic forms. OCR recognition for typed document seems mature but for hand-writting is very lacking. For this thought, let's consider a form with several fields like this. Field_1: Value1 (example, Name: John, where Name is Field and John is value) Considering that forms are structured and typed, OCR should be able to recognize the fields. However, for the values of the fields, they are written and OCR will perform very poorly. So is there a way where the fields would be recognized on the imagem, then a image chunk of the value would be returned? Thanks.

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  • nginx: php-fastcgi running but php files not executing

    - by Daniel
    I have recently set up a nginx server with PHP running as FastCGI process. The server is running with HTML files however PHP files are downloading instead of displaying and PHP code is not processed. This is what I have in nginx.conf: server { listen 80; server_name pubserver; location ~ \.php$ { root /usr/share/nginx/html; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } } The command netstat -tulpn | grep :9000 displays the following which indicates php-fastcgi is running and listening on port 9000: tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2663/php-cgi If it's if any importance my server is running on CentOS 6 and I installed nginx and PHP using the repositories from The Fedora Project.

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  • Would it be a good idea to work on letting people add arrays of numbers in javascript?

    - by OneThreeSeven
    I am a very mathematically oriented programmer, and I happen to be doing a lot of java script these days. I am really disappointed in the math aspects of javascript: the Math object is almost a joke because it has so few methods you can't use ^ for exponentiation the + operator is very limited, you cant add array's of numbers or do scalar multiplication on arrays Now I have written some pretty basic extensions to the Math object and have considered writing a library of advanced Math features, amazingly there doesn't seem to be any sort of standard library already out even for calculus, although there is one for vectors and matricies I was able find. The notation for working with vectors and matricies is really bad when you can't use the + operator on arrays, and you cant do scalar multiplication. For example, here is a hideous expression for subtracting two vectors, A - B: Math.vectorAddition(A,Math.scalarMultiplication(-1,B)); I have been looking for some kind of open-source project to contribute to for awhile, and even though my C++ is a bit rusty I would very much like to get into the code for V8 engine and extend the + operator to work on arrays, to get scalar multiplication to work, and possibly to get the ^ operator to work for exponentiation. These things would greatly enhance the utility of any mathematical javascript framework. I really don't know how to get involved in something like the V8 engine other than download the code and start working on it. Of course I'm afraid that since V8 is chrome specific, that without browser cross-compatibility a fundamental change of this type is likely to be rejected for V8. I was hoping someone could either tell me why this is a bad idea, or else give me some pointers about how to proceed at this point to get some kind of approval to add these features. Thanks!

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  • Object oriented EDI handling in PHP

    - by Robert van der Linde
    I'm currently starting a new sub project where I will: Retrieve the order information from our mainframe Save the order information to our web-apps' database Send the order as EDI (either D01b or D93a) Receive the order response, despatch advice and invoice messages Do all kinds of fun things with the resulting datasets. However I am struggling with my initial class designs. The order information will be retrieved from the mainframe which will result in a "AOrder" class, this isn't a problem, I am not sure about how to mold this local object into an EDI string. Should I create EDIOrder/EDIOrderResponse/etc classes with matching decorators (EDIOrderD01BDecorator, EDIOrderD93ADecorator)? Do I need builder objects or can I do: // $myOrder is instance of AOrder $myOrder->toEDIOrder(); $decorator = new EDIOrderD01BDecorator($myOrder); $edi = $decorator->getEDIString(); And it'll have to work the other way around as well. Is the following code a good way of handling this problem or should I go about this differently? $ediString = $myEDIMessageBroker->fetch(); $ediOrderResponse = EDIOrderResponse::fromString($ediString); I'm just not so sure about how I should go about designing the classes and interactions between them. Thanks for reading and helping.

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  • 50% off ASP.NET hosting

    - by Fabrice Marguerie
    I haven't blogged for a long time because I'm busy working on an exciting new project. It's too early to tell you more. I'll provide details in a few months. Meanwhile, I wanted to write a quick post to share an excellent offer with you. It's that time of the year when you can get deals on many things, including web hosting. I'd like to remind you about Arvixe, a great web hosting provider for Windows (for ASP.NET) and Linux. For 48 hours, between Thursday November 24th at 00:00 PST (08:00 GMT/UTC) and Friday November 25th, Arvixe will be offering 50% off all of their shared hosting products. This will be for all new accounts, for life (as long as you continue to renew the account)!I've been using Arvixe for my websites for more than one year and a half now, and I highly recommend them. Here is an overview of what I get for a very good price:Unlimited diskspaceUnlimited data transferUnlimited domainsUnlimited POP3 and IMAP mailboxesUnlimited SQL Server 2008 databasesUnlimited MySQL databases.NET 1.1, 2, 3.5 and 4Dedicated application poolsFull trustIIS 7Daily backupsand more... And now, you can get that too for half the price. Just go to Arvixe.com and secure your own hosting account now by using the coupon code "Black Friday" during checkout.Disclaimer: the links to Arvixe are affiliate links that may bring me some money home if you sign up. Still, I recommend Arvixe because I use them and I'm very happy with what they offer.

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  • How to stop scheduled chkdisk on windows 7?

    - by AndrejaKo
    Hi! I have a problem with windows 7 64-bit. I was trying out chkdsk command line options and scheduled a chddsk /r on next start. After that I disassembled the laptop on which I set the chkdsk. After I reassembled it, windows gets normally to the point where it should start the check and then hangs when the countdown reaches 1 second. During the countdown, it doesn't detect any input from keyboard. At first I thought that I didn't correctly install the keyboard, but under GNU/Linux, everything is working fine and I can normally mount the windows partition . So is there any way to stop the scheduled chkdsk? I really don't feel like reinstalling windows again because I just finished setting up my tool-chain the way I like it and compiled about 6GiB worth of dependencies I need for some project I'm working on.

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  • At which point is a continuous integration server interesting?

    - by Cedric Martin
    I've been reading a bit about CI servers like Jenkins and I'm wondering: at which point is it useful? Because surely for a tiny project where you'd have only 5 classes and 10 unit tests, there's no real need. Here we've got about 1500 unit tests and they pass (on old Core 2 Duo workstations) in about 90 seconds (because they're really testing "units" and hence are very fast). The rule we have is that we cannot commit code when a test fail. So each developers launches all his tests to prevent regression. Obviously, because all the developers always launch all the test we catch errors due to conflicting changes as soon as one developer pulls the change of another (when any). It's still not very clear to me: should I set up a CI server like Jenkins? What would it bring? Is it just useful for the speed gain? (not an issue in our case) Is it useful because old builds can be recreated? (but we can do this to with Mercurial, by checking out old revs) Basically I understand it can be useful but I fail to see exactly why. Any explanation taking into account the points I raised above would be most welcome.

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  • What to choose for a multilingual site with support for Markdown and commenting

    - by Kent
    I want to publish articles at a multilingual site. I want to be able to write an article in two languages and have them available on separate URLs: thesite.foo/english-breakfast thesite.com/engelsk-frukost If the users web browser is set to English I'd like to show a small notice at the top of the Swedish version with a link to the English one. The link should have an appropriate rel attribute for a translation (search for hreflang at http://diveintohtml5.org/semantics.html). There should be a way to list all articles belonging to these sets: Swedish only, English only, Swedish versions + English only, English versions + Swedish only. I'd like to publish these as four RSS-feeds. And I would like to have two versions of the main site, one in Swedish (showing Swedish versions + English only) and one in English (showing English versions). I shall be able to write the articles using Markdown, as that is the formatting language I find most convenient. There should be a way for users to comment. And some kind of way for me to protect myself against comment spam. I am leaning towards learning Drupal. I suspect I'll have to code this behavior myself as a module. To be frank I'd rather work with Java. Is Drupal the way to go? Or is there something more suitable for this project?

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  • Collision detection in 3D space

    - by dreta
    I've got to write, what can be summed up as, a compelte 3D game from scratch this semester. Up untill now i have only programmed 2D games in my spare time, the transition doesn't seem tough, the game's simple. The only issue i have is collision detection. The only thing i could find was AABB, bounding spheres or recommendations of various physics engines. I have to program a submarine that's going to be moving freely inside of a cave system, AFAIK i can't use physics libraries, so none of the above solves my problem. Up untill now i was using SAT for my collision detection. Are there any similar, great algorithms, but crafted for 3D collision? I'm not talking about octrees, or other optimalizations, i'm talking about direct collision detection of one set of 3D polygons with annother set of 3D polygons. I thought about using SAT twice, project the mesh from the top and the side, but then it seems so hard to even divide 3D space into convex shapes. Also that seems like far too much computation even with octrees. How do proffessionals do it? Could somebody shed some light.

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  • Java Framework Choice Question.

    - by Sarang
    We do have many frameworks available in Java. Struts, Swing, JSF 2.0, Spring etc are used as per their priority. Actually, I don't know how many they are as well! But, as I am fresher to Java, even learning after their architecture, I cannot decide which framework can be used with what type of Projects ! Also, I am confused with mixed use of framework like Spring + JSF. What is the benefit to it ? Another thing making me confusing is about the UI components available in market. Like, we do have Primefaces, Ice-faces, MyFaces, Rich-faces. They may or may not have been supporting AJAX in-built. They may contains some bugs as well. What is best choice for Framework + UI component that can directly provide a best feet solution for any project ?

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  • 8-bit game creator software

    - by dag729
    Hi, Anyone knows about some 8-bit game creator software that runs under GNU/Linux? I want to make some funny game in my spare time, but I prefer to have a tool (or a set of tools) that will help to keep it just a spare-time-project, thus not involving programming! :D Thanks in advance EDIT: For instance, some month ago I tried FPS Creator, being a frontend of DarkGame Studio. Well, FPS Creator is for a 3D FPS game: what I meant is a software similar to this one, but concening 8-bit'ish game.

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  • Correct password for ssh key rejected when ssh-d into machine

    - by user20342
    When I am logged into my machine directly, I can do all git operations, and when prompted for a password, the password is accepted. When I ssh into the same box and run git operations on the same repos, the password is rejected. Relevant section of .ssh/config looks like this: # Generic settings Host * ServerAliveInterval 600 ControlPath /tmp/ssh-%r@%h:%p ControlMaster auto KeepAlive yes IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub Transaction looks like this when I login when I ssh into my box: {12-12-03 9:41}hbrown-wks2:~/workspace/spt/project@master??? hbrown% git pull Enter passphrase for key '/home/hbrown/.ssh/id_rsa.pub': Enter passphrase for key '/home/hbrown/.ssh/id_rsa.pub': Enter passphrase for key '/home/hbrown/.ssh/id_rsa.pub': Permission denied (publickey). fatal: Could not read from remote repository. Please make sure you have the correct access rights and the repository exists. Using bash does not appear to make a difference (i.e. ssh-agent /bin/bash). This is a recent development, but I can't cite the change that caused it.

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  • Automate #include refactoring in C++ [on hold]

    - by Mikhail
    I have a big project with hundreds of files. And as it often happens to C++ projects, #include directives are in messed up. I want to refactor them to increase clarity, decrease compilation time and simplify analysis. For each .h file I want to make sure that: It have #include directives only for types it is using But it have only forward declarations of types that are used as T* or T& For each .cpp file I want to make sure that: It have #include directives only for types it is using and not already included by another headers (no indirect includes when possible) I'm looking for a tool which will help me to automate this refactoring. For now I only know of tools that helps to remove redundant includes, they are many: PC-lint include-what-you-use cppclean ProFactor IncludeManager But I know of no tools to help me to move necessary includes in .h files or replace includes with forward declarations. Any ideas? Tools for Windows and Visual Studio are preferred. Update. Considered to be off-topic. Please, follow the link on Software Recommendations http://softwarerecs.stackexchange.com/q/4461/3331

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  • What makes a person contribute to opensource? [duplicate]

    - by Jibin
    This question already has an answer here: Why develop free, open source programs? [closed] 14 answers I know this is controversial, but.. There are many great projects like Apache Webserver or Hadoop provided by the OpenSource Community. I often feel that the people that actually benefit (financially), from these projects are developers like me, sitting in India, working for MNCs, who has never contributed anything to any opensource project so far, but earn handsomely due to my basic googling skills & the community provided documentation. Is it fair ? I mean no other industry in the world face such dilemma.Those who work get paid. I mean I almost am starting to feel guilty of taking such advantage of some thing that I contribute nothing to. I had to do projects every semester in college (we could choose projects) & I used to enjoy coding then. I want to contribute. But contributing to opensource is not a task [unlike college or office work]. And life is so busy .. Are all these opensource contributors really jobless ?[just kidding..] Could someone please share some personal experiences on how you guys started contributing or any advice on why I should contribute or what attitude in life makes you keep aside time or is it that you just crazly love writing code or is it that you just love to see your name in the contributors list or do you have a local coding group you hang out with ? Do you feel I am destined to do this ? This is my part of contributing back to the world ? Whats that basic mentality that make you guys want to contribute, while I just want to finish my work and go home. What makes you guys tick ?

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  • Better way to generate enemies of different sub-classes

    - by KDiTraglia
    So lets pretend I have an enemy class that has some generic implementation and inheriting from it I have all the specific enemies of my game. There are points in my code that I need to check whether an enemy is a specific type, but in Java I have found no easier way than this monstrosity... //Must be a better way to do this if ( enemy.class.isAssignableFrom(Ninja.class) ) { ... } My partner on the project saw these and changed them to use an enum system instead public class Ninja extends Enemy { //EnemyType is an enum containing all our enemy types public EnemyType = EnemyTypes.NINJA; } if (enemy.EnemyType = EnemyTypes.NINJA) { ... } I also have found no way to generate enemies on varying probabilities besides this for (EnemyTypes types : enemyTypes) { if ( (randomNext = (randomNext - types.getFrequency())) < 0 ) { enemy = createEnemy(types.getEnemyType()); break; } } private static Enemy createEnemy(EnemyType type) { switch (type) { case NINJA: return new Ninja(new Vector2D(rand.nextInt(getScreenWidth()), 0), determineSpeed()); case GORILLA: return new Gorilla(new Vector2D(rand.nextInt(getScreenWidth()), 0), determineSpeed()); case TREX: return new TRex(new Vector2D(rand.nextInt(getScreenWidth()), 0), determineSpeed()); //etc } return null } I know java is a little weak at dynamic object creation, but is there a better way to implement this in a way such like this for (EnemyTypes types : enemyTypes) { if ( (randomNext = (randomNext - types.getFrequency())) < 0 ) { //Change enemyTypes to hold the classes of the enemies I can spawn enemy = types.getEnemyType().class.newInstance() break; } } Is the above possible? How would I declare enemyTypes to hold the classes if so? Everything I have tried so far as generated compile errors and general frustration, but I figured I might ask here before I completely give up to the huge mass that is the createEveryEnemy() method. All the enemies do inherit from the Enemy class (which is what the enemy variable is declared as). Also is there a better way to check which type a particular enemy that is shorter than enemy.class.isAssignableFrom(Ninja.class)? I'd like to ditch the enums entirely if possible, since they seem repetitive when the class name itself holds that information.

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