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  • How to Audit Database Activity without Performance and Scalability Issues?

    - by GotoError
    I have a need to do auditing all database activity regardless of whether it came from application or someone issuing some sql via other means. So the auditing must be done at the database level. The database in question is Oracle. I looked at doing it via Triggers and also via something called Fine Grained Auditing that Oracle provides. In both cases, we turned on auditing on specific tables and specific columns. However, we found that Performance really sucks when we use either of these methods. Since auditing is an absolute must due to regulations placed around data privacy, I am wondering what is best way to do this without significant performance degradations. If someone has Oracle specific experience with this, it will be helpful but if not just general practices around database activity auditing will be okay as well.

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  • How to Audit and Monitor BI Publisher Reports Access?

    - by kanichiro.nishida
    Do you know who is accessing to which report at what time at your reporting environment ? As you delivered the BI Publisher reports to the production environment and your users start using them as part of their daily business operations you might wonder such questions. With compliance becoming an integral part of any business requirement, auditing your reporting environment is also becoming one of the most critical and hot agenda in today’s enterprise reporting deployments. Also, I believe that auditing the reporting environment is not just for the compliance, but also the way to understand how your users are using the reports and be able to improve the user reporting experience. BI Publisher have introduced Enterprise Level Auditing feature with its 11G release, with an integration of Oracle Fusion Middleware Audit Framework, which comes out of the box with the installation. Yes, this is another great example of the benefit of its tight integration with Fusion Middleware introduced with BI Publisher 11g release. What Information Can I Know about our Reporting Environment? With this new Auditing feature you can now gain the following insights. When a particular user login or logout What report is accessed by who and when and how How long does it take to process a particular report Yes, it’s all there. This is a great news for 10G users, right ? I used to be one of them working with many different IT organizations and were craving for this, but it’s here now with 11G! How Can I Access to the Auditing Information? With the Fusion Middleware Auditing Framework, BI Publisher feed such information either to a log file or to a database. If you decided to get the data into the database then, of course you know, you can use BI Publisher to report and publish, or visualize the data to gain more insights. One thing though, in order to feed the data it requires a few extra steps, which I’ll cover it later.  Regardless of whether it’s the log file or the database to store the Auditing data, first, you need to enable the Auditing feature, which is not enabled as default. So, let’s take a look at how to enable it. How to Enable Auditing Feature? Here is a quick list of the steps: Enable Auditing related properties in BI Publisher configuration file Copy component_events.xml file to Fusion Middleware Audit Framework’s location Enable Auditing Policy with Fusion Middleware Control (Enterprise Manager) Restart WebLogic Server Enable Auditing related properties in BI Publisher configuration file Open xmlp-server-config.xml file, which is located under $BI_HOME/ user_projects/domains/bifoundation_domain/config/bipublisher/repository/Admin/Configuration directory. Set the following three properties values to ‘true’. AUDIT_ENABLED MONITORING_ENABLED AUDIT_JPS_INTEGRATION The ‘AUDIT_JPS_INTEGRATION’ is not in the file as default, so you need to add this. Here is an example of how it looks for the xmlp-server-config.xml file after the modification. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?><xmlpConfigxmlns="http://xmlns.oracle.com/oxp/xmlp"> <property name="SAW_SERVER" value="adc6160510"/> <property name="SAW_SESSION_TIMEOUT" value="90"/> <property name="DEBUG_LEVEL" value="exception"/> <property name="SAW_PORT" value="7001"/> <property name="SAW_PASSWORD" value=""/> <property name="SAW_PROTOCOL" value="http"/> <property name="SAW_VERSION" value="v6"/> <property name="SAW_USERNAME" value=""/> <property name="SAW_URL_SUFFIX" value="analytics/saw.dll"/> <property name="MONITORING_ENABLED" value="true"/> <property name="MONITORING_DEFAULT_HISTORY_SIZE" value="30"/> <property name="AUDIT_ENABLED" value="true"/> <property name="JSESSION_RESET_DISABLED" value="true"/> <property name="SECURITY_MODEL" value="ORACLE_AS_JPS"/> <property name="AUDIT_JPS_INTEGRATION" value="true"/> </xmlpConfig>   Copy component_events.xml file to Audit Framework’s location There is a Audit related configuration file provided by BI Publisher that needs to be copied to the Audit Framework location. 1. Go to the following directory. $BI_HOME /oracle_common/modules/oracle.iau_11.1.1/components 2. Create a directory called ‘xmlpserver’ 3. Copy component_events.xml file from /user_projects/domains/bifoundation_domain/config/bipublisher/repository/Admin/Audit To the newly created ‘xmlpserver’ directory. Enable Auditing Policy with Fusion Middleware Control (EM) Now you can set a level of the auditing for each BI Publisher’s auditing type by using Fusion Middleware Control (a.k.a. Enterprise Manager). 1. Login to Fusion Middleware Control UI http://hostname:port/em (e.g. reporting.oracle.com:7001/em) 2. Access to Audit Policy configuration UI from the menu Under WebLogic Domain, right-click bifoundation_domain, select Security and then click Audit Policy.   3. Set Audit Level for BI Publisher. While you can select ‘Custom’ to set a customized level of Auditing for each component, I’m selecting ‘Medium’ for this exercise.   Restart WebLogic Server After all the above settings, now you need to restart the WebLogic Server instance in order to take those changes in effect. If you’re on Windows you can simply do this by selecting ‘Stop BI Servers’ and ‘Start BI Servers’ from the Start menu. If you’re on Linux then you can run ‘stopWebLogic.sh’ and ‘startWebLogic.sh’, which can be found under $BI_HOME/user_projects/domains/bifoundation_domain/bin Start Auditing! Now assuming that you have completed the above steps successfully, then from this point on any reporting activity should be audited and stored in the auditing log file, which can be found at $BI_HOME/user_projects/domains/bifoundation_domain/servers/AdminServer/logs/auditlogs/xmlpserver/audit.log And here is a sample of the log file: 2011-02-18 02:25:49.928 "" "ReportRendering" true - "82d4bdc47b99b33c:-7e3f334f:12e365c4d9c:-8000-0000000000000022,0" - - - - "bipublisher(11.1.1)" "ReportExecution" "200" "" "/Sample Lite/Published Reporting/Reports/Balance Letter.xdo" "pdf" "RTF Corp Styles" "en_US" - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 86608512 486989824 24517 169 - - - 2011-02-18 02:25:49.929 "steve.jobs" "ReportRequest" true - "82d4bdc47b99b33c:-7e3f334f:12e365c4d9c:-8000-0000000000000022,0" - - - - "bipublisher(11.1.1)" "ReportAccess" "200" "" "" "pdf" "RTF Corp Styles" - - - true - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2011-02-18 03:25:49.554 "" "ReportDataProcess" true - "82d4bdc47b99b33c:-7e3f334f:12e365c4d9c:-8000-0000000000000022,0" - - - - "bipublisher(11.1.1)" "ReportExecution" "260" "" "/Sample Lite/Published Reporting/Reports/Balance Letter.xdo" - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 34980200 554033152 - 134 - - - 2011-02-18 03:25:50.282 "" "ReportRendering" true - "82d4bdc47b99b33c:-7e3f334f:12e365c4d9c:-8000-0000000000000022,0" - - - - "bipublisher(11.1.1)" "ReportExecution" "263" "" "/Sample Lite/Published Reporting/Reports/Balance Letter.xdo" "pdf" "RTF Corp Styles" "en_US" - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 16158944 554033152 24517 503 - - - 2011-02-18 03:25:50.282 "steve.jobs" "ReportRequest" true - "82d4bdc47b99b33c:-7e3f334f:12e365c4d9c:-8000-0000000000000022,0" - - - - "bipublisher(11.1.1)" "ReportAccess" "263" "" "" "pdf" "RTF Corp Styles" - - - true - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2011-02-18 03:30:00.448 "barack.obama" "UserLogin" true - "82d4bdc47b99b33c:-7e3f334f:12e365c4d9c:-8000-0000000000000406,0" - - - - "bipublisher(11.1.1)" "UserSession" "26" "" - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - From the above log file you can tell a user ‘steve.jobs’ was running some reports like ‘Balance Letter’ around afternoon on 2/18 and another user ‘barack.obama’ logged into the system at 3:30 on the same day. Yes, every login and log out will be recorded, and every report access will be recorded in this log file. Now, looking at this text file to understand what’s going on is pretty overwhelming. And accessing to this log file, which is located at the server’s file system where the BI Publisher/WebLogic Server are running, is another challenge in typical deployment scenarios. And that’s where the database storage option for the Auditing data  comes into a picture. I’ll talk about this tomorrow, so stay tuned!  

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  • Fetching Data from Multiple Tables using Joins

    Applying normalization to relational databases tends to promote better accuracy of queries, but it also leads to queries that take a little more work to develop, as the data may be spread amongst several tables. In today's article, we'll learn how to fetch data from multiple tables by using joins.

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  • Path tables or real time searching for AI?

    - by SirYakalot
    What is the more common practice in commercial games; path lookup tables or real time searches? I've read that in many games path lookup tables are pre-calculated and baked into each map, so to speak, then steering behaviour is used to handle dynamic obstacles. or is it better practice to use optimised hierarchical A* searches? I understand the pro's and cons of each, I'm just curious as to what is most often used in the industry.

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  • Never update systems tables directly - a study in Agent job scheduling

    It is often recommended that system tables should not be updated directly. Presenting a case in point built around nightly job configuration in order to demonstrate the possible issues with updating system tables directly. What can SQL Monitor 3.2 monitor?Whatever you think is most important. Use custom metrics to monitor and alert on data that's most important for your environment. Find out more.

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  • self referencing tables, good or bad?

    - by NimChimpsky
    Representing geographical locations within an application, the design of the underlying data model suggests two clear options (or maybe more?). One table with a self referencing parent_id column uk - london (london parent id = UK id) or two tables, with a one to many relationship using a foreign key. My preference is for one self-refercing table as it easily allows to extend into as many sub regions as required. IN general do people veer away from self referencing tables, or are they A-OK ?

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  • Utility Queries–Structure of Tables with Identity Column

    - by drsql
    I have been doing a presentation on sequences of late (last planned version of that presentation was last week, but should be able to get the gist of things from the slides and the code posted here on my presentation page), and as part of that, I started writing some queries to interrogate the structure of tables. I started with tables using an identity column for some purpose because they are considerably easier to do than sequences, specifically because the limitations of identity columns make...(read more)

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  • EF Doesn't Like Same Named Tables

    - by Anthony Trudeau
    Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/tonyt/archive/2013/07/02/153327.aspxIt's another week and another restriction imposed by the Entity Framework (EF). Don't get me wrong. I like EF, but I don't like how it restricts you in different ways. At this point you may be asking yourself the question: how can you have more than one table with the same name?The answer is to have tables in different schemas. I do this to partition the data based on the area of concern. It allows security to be assigned conveniently. A lot of people don't use schemas. I love them. But this article isn't about schemas.In the situation I have two tables:Contact.PersonEmployee.PersonThe first contains the basic, more public information such as the name. The second contains mostly HR specific information. I then mapped these tables to two classes. I stuck to a Table per Class (TPC) mapping, because of problems I've had in the past implementing inheritance with EF. The following code gives you the basic contents of the classes.[Table("Person", Schema = "Employee")]public class Employee {   ...   public int PersonId { get; set; }   [ForeignKey("PersonId")]   public virtual Person Person { get; set; }}[Table("Person", Schema = "Contact")]public class Person {   [Key]   public int Id { get; set; }   ...}This seemingly simple scenario just doesn't work. The problem occurs when you try to add a Person to the DbContext. You get an InvalidOperationException with the following text:The entity types 'Employee' and 'Person' cannot share table 'People' because they are not in the same type hierarchy or do not have a valid one to one foreign key relationship with matching primary keys between them..This is interesting for a couple of reasons. First, there is no People table in my database. Second, I have used the SetInitializer method to stop a database from being created, so it shouldn't be thinking about new tables.The solution to my problem was to change the name of my Employee.Person table. I decided to name it Employee.Employee. It's not ideal, but it gets me past the EF limitation. I hope that this article will help someone else that has the same problem.

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  • Add objects to association in OnPreInsert, OnPreUpdate

    - by Dmitriy Nagirnyak
    Hi, I have an event listener (for Audit Logs) which needs to append audit log entries to the association of the object: public Company : IAuditable { // Other stuff removed for bravety IAuditLog IAuditable.CreateEntry() { var entry = new CompanyAudit(); this.auditLogs.Add(entry); return entry; } public virtual IEnumerable<CompanyAudit> AuditLogs { get { return this.auditLogs } } } The AuditLogs collection is mapped with cascading: public class CompanyMap : ClassMap<Company> { public CompanyMap() { // Id and others removed fro bravety HasMany(x => x.AuditLogs).AsSet() .LazyLoad() .Access.ReadOnlyPropertyThroughCamelCaseField() .Cascade.All(); } } And the listener just asks the auditable object to create log entries so it can update them: internal class AuditEventListener : IPreInsertEventListener, IPreUpdateEventListener { public bool OnPreUpdate(PreUpdateEvent ev) { var audit = ev.Entity as IAuditable; if (audit == null) return false; Log(audit); return false; } public bool OnPreInsert(PreInsertEvent ev) { var audit = ev.Entity as IAuditable; if (audit == null) return false; Log(audit); return false; } private static void LogProperty(IAuditable auditable) { var entry = auditable.CreateAuditEntry(); entry.CreatedAt = DateTime.Now; entry.Who = GetCurrentUser(); // Might potentially execute a query. // Also other information is set for entry here } } The problem with it though is that it throws TransientObjectException when commiting the transaction: NHibernate.TransientObjectException : object references an unsaved transient instance - save the transient instance before flushing. Type: CompanyAudit, Entity: CompanyAudit at NHibernate.Engine.ForeignKeys.GetEntityIdentifierIfNotUnsaved(String entityName, Object entity, ISessionImplementor session) at NHibernate.Type.EntityType.GetIdentifier(Object value, ISessionImplementor session) at NHibernate.Type.ManyToOneType.NullSafeSet(IDbCommand st, Object value, Int32 index, Boolean[] settable, ISessionImplementor session) at NHibernate.Persister.Collection.AbstractCollectionPersister.WriteElement(IDbCommand st, Object elt, Int32 i, ISessionImplementor session) at NHibernate.Persister.Collection.AbstractCollectionPersister.PerformInsert(Object ownerId, IPersistentCollection collection, IExpectation expectation, Object entry, Int32 index, Boolean useBatch, Boolean callable, ISessionImplementor session) at NHibernate.Persister.Collection.AbstractCollectionPersister.Recreate(IPersistentCollection collection, Object id, ISessionImplementor session) at NHibernate.Action.CollectionRecreateAction.Execute() at NHibernate.Engine.ActionQueue.Execute(IExecutable executable) at NHibernate.Engine.ActionQueue.ExecuteActions(IList list) at NHibernate.Engine.ActionQueue.ExecuteActions() at NHibernate.Event.Default.AbstractFlushingEventListener.PerformExecutions(IEventSource session) at NHibernate.Event.Default.DefaultFlushEventListener.OnFlush(FlushEvent event) at NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl.Flush() at NHibernate.Transaction.AdoTransaction.Commit() As the cascading is set to All I expected NH to handle this. I also tried to modify the collection using state but pretty much the same happens. So the question is what is the last chance to modify object's associations before it gets saved? Thanks, Dmitriy.

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  • How to add objects to association in OnPreInsert, OnPreUpdate

    - by Dmitriy Nagirnyak
    Hi, I have an event listener (for Audit Logs) which needs to append audit log entries to the association of the object: public Company : IAuditable { // Other stuff removed for bravety IAuditLog IAuditable.CreateEntry() { var entry = new CompanyAudit(); this.auditLogs.Add(entry); return entry; } public virtual IEnumerable<CompanyAudit> AuditLogs { get { return this.auditLogs } } } The AuditLogs collection is mapped with cascading: public class CompanyMap : ClassMap<Company> { public CompanyMap() { // Id and others removed fro bravety HasMany(x => x.AuditLogs).AsSet() .LazyLoad() .Access.ReadOnlyPropertyThroughCamelCaseField() .Cascade.All(); } } And the listener just asks the auditable object to create log entries so it can update them: internal class AuditEventListener : IPreInsertEventListener, IPreUpdateEventListener { public bool OnPreUpdate(PreUpdateEvent ev) { var audit = ev.Entity as IAuditable; if (audit == null) return false; Log(audit); return false; } public bool OnPreInsert(PreInsertEvent ev) { var audit = ev.Entity as IAuditable; if (audit == null) return false; Log(audit); return false; } private static void LogProperty(IAuditable auditable) { var entry = auditable.CreateAuditEntry(); entry.CreatedAt = DateTime.Now; entry.Who = GetCurrentUser(); // Might potentially execute a query. // Also other information is set for entry here } } The problem with it though is that it throws TransientObjectException when commiting the transaction: NHibernate.TransientObjectException : object references an unsaved transient instance - save the transient instance before flushing. Type: PropConnect.Model.UserAuditLog, Entity: PropConnect.Model.UserAuditLog at NHibernate.Engine.ForeignKeys.GetEntityIdentifierIfNotUnsaved(String entityName, Object entity, ISessionImplementor session) at NHibernate.Type.EntityType.GetIdentifier(Object value, ISessionImplementor session) at NHibernate.Type.ManyToOneType.NullSafeSet(IDbCommand st, Object value, Int32 index, Boolean[] settable, ISessionImplementor session) at NHibernate.Persister.Collection.AbstractCollectionPersister.WriteElement(IDbCommand st, Object elt, Int32 i, ISessionImplementor session) at NHibernate.Persister.Collection.AbstractCollectionPersister.PerformInsert(Object ownerId, IPersistentCollection collection, IExpectation expectation, Object entry, Int32 index, Boolean useBatch, Boolean callable, ISessionImplementor session) at NHibernate.Persister.Collection.AbstractCollectionPersister.Recreate(IPersistentCollection collection, Object id, ISessionImplementor session) at NHibernate.Action.CollectionRecreateAction.Execute() at NHibernate.Engine.ActionQueue.Execute(IExecutable executable) at NHibernate.Engine.ActionQueue.ExecuteActions(IList list) at NHibernate.Engine.ActionQueue.ExecuteActions() at NHibernate.Event.Default.AbstractFlushingEventListener.PerformExecutions(IEventSource session) at NHibernate.Event.Default.DefaultFlushEventListener.OnFlush(FlushEvent event) at NHibernate.Impl.SessionImpl.Flush() at NHibernate.Transaction.AdoTransaction.Commit() As the cascading is set to All I expected NH to handle this. I also tried to modify the collection using state but pretty much the same happens. So the question is what is the last chance to modify object's associations before it gets saved? Thanks, Dmitriy.

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  • Best practices for SQL Server audit trail

    - by Ducain
    I'm facing a situation today where it would be very beneficial to me and my company if we knew who had logged into SQL and performed some deletions. We have a situation where at least 2 (sometimes 3) people login to SQL using SQL Server Management Studio, and perform various functions. What we need is an audit trail. If someone deletes records (mistakenly or otherwise), I'd like to know what was done. Is there any way to make this happen?

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  • Peforming an Audit for SQL Server 2008

    - by Nai
    Hi all, Do you guys have any good step by step type links for performing an SQL Server 2008 Performance Audit? I know Brad McGehee has written extensively on this but for SQL Server 2005 over at http://www.sql-server-performance.com. But are any such articles for SQL Server 2008? Thanks!

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  • Oracle 11gR2 exp does not export some tables

    - by Tilo Prütz
    I have an Oracle 11g (11.2.0.1) Database running on Linux (x64). Within the database I have a schema and 33 tables for it. When I log in via sqlplus I can list all the tables via SELECT OBJECT_NAME FROM USER_OBJECTS WHERE OBJECT_TYPE = 'TABLE'; But when I export the Tablespace using exp ... BUFFER=65536 FULL=N COMPRESS=N CONSISTENT=Y TABLESPACES=... FILE=... Then it only exports 24 of the 33 tables. I have tried to export the missing tables via exp ... TABLES=<missing_table> ... But then I get an error: EXP-00011: NPSMIGRO2_CM.DEFAULT_USR_ATTR_VALUES does not exist How can I find out what's wrong here? How can I export all the tables?

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  • MySQL Privileges required to GRANT EVENT, EXECUTE, LOCK TABLES, and TRIGGER

    - by Brad
    I have an account, user_a, and I would like to grant all available permissions on some_db to user_b. I have tried the following query: GRANT ALTER, ALTER ROUTINE, CREATE, CREATE ROUTINE, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, CREATE VIEW, DELETE, DROP, EVENT, EXECUTE, INDEX, INSERT, LOCK TABLES, REFERENCES, SELECT, SHOW VIEW, TRIGGER, UPDATE ON `some_db`.* TO 'user_b'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION The result: Access denied for user 'user_a'@'%' to database 'some_db' Some experimentation has shown me that the only permissions my account (user_a) is unable to grant are EVENT, EXECUTE, LOCK TABLES, and TRIGGER. What privileges are required for my account to GRANT these privileges to another user? If I run SHOW GRANTS, I get this output: "GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, REFERENCES, INDEX, ALTER, SHOW DATABASES, SUPER, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT, CREATE VIEW, SHOW VIEW, CREATE ROUTINE, ALTER ROUTINE, CREATE USER ON *.* TO 'user_a'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '1234567890abcdef' WITH GRANT OPTION" "GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, EXECUTE ON `some_other_unrelated_db`.* TO 'user_a'@'%'" "GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, REFERENCES, INDEX, ALTER, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, LOCK TABLES, EXECUTE, CREATE ROUTINE, ALTER ROUTINE ON `another_unrelated_db`.* TO 'user_a'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION"

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  • Existing tables with binaries to use filestream

    - by user1098487
    I've got a few tables for which I want to use filestream storage. These tables already contain binary data and have rowguids. However at the time they were were created, the tables were not added to a filestream enabled filegroup. What is the best way to have these tables use filestream at this point? Do I need to drop + recreate the tables and migrate the data? Is there an easier way? The database already has filestream enabled and there are other tables which are using them.

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  • Achieve Named Criteria with multiple tables in EJB Data control

    - by Deepak Siddappa
    In EJB create a named criteria using sparse xml and in named criteria wizard, only attributes related to the that particular entities will be displayed.  So here we can filter results only on particular entity bean. Take a scenario where we need to create Named Criteria based on multiple tables using EJB. In BC4J we can achieve this by creating view object based on multiple tables. So in this article, we will try to achieve named criteria based on multiple tables using EJB.Implementation StepsCreate Java EE Web Application with entity based on Departments and Employees, then create a session bean and data control for the session bean.Create a Java Bean, name as CustomBean and add below code to the file. Here in java bean from both Departments and Employees tables three fields are taken. public class CustomBean { private BigDecimal departmentId; private String departmentName; private BigDecimal locationId; private BigDecimal employeeId; private String firstName; private String lastName; public CustomBean() { super(); } public void setDepartmentId(BigDecimal departmentId) { this.departmentId = departmentId; } public BigDecimal getDepartmentId() { return departmentId; } public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName) { this.departmentName = departmentName; } public String getDepartmentName() { return departmentName; } public void setLocationId(BigDecimal locationId) { this.locationId = locationId; } public BigDecimal getLocationId() { return locationId; } public void setEmployeeId(BigDecimal employeeId) { this.employeeId = employeeId; } public BigDecimal getEmployeeId() { return employeeId; } public void setFirstName(String firstName) { this.firstName = firstName; } public String getFirstName() { return firstName; } public void setLastName(String lastName) { this.lastName = lastName; } public String getLastName() { return lastName; } } Open the sessionEJb file and add the below code to the session bean and expose the method in local/remote interface and generate a data control for that. Note:- Here in the below code "em" is a EntityManager. public List<CustomBean> getCustomBeanFindAll() { String queryString = "select d.department_id, d.department_name, d.location_id, e.employee_id, e.first_name, e.last_name from departments d, employees e\n" + "where e.department_id = d.department_id"; Query genericSearchQuery = em.createNativeQuery(queryString, "CustomQuery"); List resultList = genericSearchQuery.getResultList(); Iterator resultListIterator = resultList.iterator(); List<CustomBean> customList = new ArrayList(); while (resultListIterator.hasNext()) { Object col[] = (Object[])resultListIterator.next(); CustomBean custom = new CustomBean(); custom.setDepartmentId((BigDecimal)col[0]); custom.setDepartmentName((String)col[1]); custom.setLocationId((BigDecimal)col[2]); custom.setEmployeeId((BigDecimal)col[3]); custom.setFirstName((String)col[4]); custom.setLastName((String)col[5]); customList.add(custom); } return customList; } Open the DataControls.dcx file and create sparse xml for customBean. In sparse xml navigate to Named criteria tab -> Bind Variable section, create two binding variables deptId,fName. In sparse xml navigate to Named criteria tab ->Named criteria, create a named criteria and map the query attributes to the bind variables. In the ViewController create a file jspx page, from data control palette drop customBeanFindAll->Named Criteria->CustomBeanCriteria->Query as ADF Query Panel with Table. Run the jspx page and enter values in search form with departmentId as 50 and firstName as "M". Named criteria will filter the query of a data source and display the result like below.

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  • How to Load Oracle Tables From Hadoop Tutorial (Part 5 - Leveraging Parallelism in OSCH)

    - by Bob Hanckel
    Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Using OSCH: Beyond Hello World In the previous post we discussed a “Hello World” example for OSCH focusing on the mechanics of getting a toy end-to-end example working. In this post we are going to talk about how to make it work for big data loads. We will explain how to optimize an OSCH external table for load, paying particular attention to Oracle’s DOP (degree of parallelism), the number of external table location files we use, and the number of HDFS files that make up the payload. We will provide some rules that serve as best practices when using OSCH. The assumption is that you have read the previous post and have some end to end OSCH external tables working and now you want to ramp up the size of the loads. Using OSCH External Tables for Access and Loading OSCH external tables are no different from any other Oracle external tables.  They can be used to access HDFS content using Oracle SQL: SELECT * FROM my_hdfs_external_table; or use the same SQL access to load a table in Oracle. INSERT INTO my_oracle_table SELECT * FROM my_hdfs_external_table; To speed up the load time, you will want to control the degree of parallelism (i.e. DOP) and add two SQL hints. ALTER SESSION FORCE PARALLEL DML PARALLEL  8; ALTER SESSION FORCE PARALLEL QUERY PARALLEL 8; INSERT /*+ append pq_distribute(my_oracle_table, none) */ INTO my_oracle_table SELECT * FROM my_hdfs_external_table; There are various ways of either hinting at what level of DOP you want to use.  The ALTER SESSION statements above force the issue assuming you (the user of the session) are allowed to assert the DOP (more on that in the next section).  Alternatively you could embed additional parallel hints directly into the INSERT and SELECT clause respectively. /*+ parallel(my_oracle_table,8) *//*+ parallel(my_hdfs_external_table,8) */ Note that the "append" hint lets you load a target table by reserving space above a given "high watermark" in storage and uses Direct Path load.  In other doesn't try to fill blocks that are already allocated and partially filled. It uses unallocated blocks.  It is an optimized way of loading a table without incurring the typical resource overhead associated with run-of-the-mill inserts.  The "pq_distribute" hint in this context unifies the INSERT and SELECT operators to make data flow during a load more efficient. Finally your target Oracle table should be defined with "NOLOGGING" and "PARALLEL" attributes.   The combination of the "NOLOGGING" and use of the "append" hint disables REDO logging, and its overhead.  The "PARALLEL" clause tells Oracle to try to use parallel execution when operating on the target table. Determine Your DOP It might feel natural to build your datasets in Hadoop, then afterwards figure out how to tune the OSCH external table definition, but you should start backwards. You should focus on Oracle database, specifically the DOP you want to use when loading (or accessing) HDFS content using external tables. The DOP in Oracle controls how many PQ slaves are launched in parallel when executing an external table. Typically the DOP is something you want to Oracle to control transparently, but for loading content from Hadoop with OSCH, it's something that you will want to control. Oracle computes the maximum DOP that can be used by an Oracle user. The maximum value that can be assigned is an integer value typically equal to the number of CPUs on your Oracle instances, times the number of cores per CPU, times the number of Oracle instances. For example, suppose you have a RAC environment with 2 Oracle instances. And suppose that each system has 2 CPUs with 32 cores. The maximum DOP would be 128 (i.e. 2*2*32). In point of fact if you are running on a production system, the maximum DOP you are allowed to use will be restricted by the Oracle DBA. This is because using a system maximum DOP can subsume all system resources on Oracle and starve anything else that is executing. Obviously on a production system where resources need to be shared 24x7, this can’t be allowed to happen. The use cases for being able to run OSCH with a maximum DOP are when you have exclusive access to all the resources on an Oracle system. This can be in situations when your are first seeding tables in a new Oracle database, or there is a time where normal activity in the production database can be safely taken off-line for a few hours to free up resources for a big incremental load. Using OSCH on high end machines (specifically Oracle Exadata and Oracle BDA cabled with Infiniband), this mode of operation can load up to 15TB per hour. The bottom line is that you should first figure out what DOP you will be allowed to run with by talking to the DBAs who manage the production system. You then use that number to derive the number of location files, and (optionally) the number of HDFS data files that you want to generate, assuming that is flexible. Rule 1: Find out the maximum DOP you will be allowed to use with OSCH on the target Oracle system Determining the Number of Location Files Let’s assume that the DBA told you that your maximum DOP was 8. You want the number of location files in your external table to be big enough to utilize all 8 PQ slaves, and you want them to represent equally balanced workloads. Remember location files in OSCH are metadata lists of HDFS files and are created using OSCH’s External Table tool. They also represent the workload size given to an individual Oracle PQ slave (i.e. a PQ slave is given one location file to process at a time, and only it will process the contents of the location file.) Rule 2: The size of the workload of a single location file (and the PQ slave that processes it) is the sum of the content size of the HDFS files it lists For example, if a location file lists 5 HDFS files which are each 100GB in size, the workload size for that location file is 500GB. The number of location files that you generate is something you control by providing a number as input to OSCH’s External Table tool. Rule 3: The number of location files chosen should be a small multiple of the DOP Each location file represents one workload for one PQ slave. So the goal is to keep all slaves busy and try to give them equivalent workloads. Obviously if you run with a DOP of 8 but have 5 location files, only five PQ slaves will have something to do and the other three will have nothing to do and will quietly exit. If you run with 9 location files, then the PQ slaves will pick up the first 8 location files, and assuming they have equal work loads, will finish up about the same time. But the first PQ slave to finish its job will then be rescheduled to process the ninth location file, potentially doubling the end to end processing time. So for this DOP using 8, 16, or 32 location files would be a good idea. Determining the Number of HDFS Files Let’s start with the next rule and then explain it: Rule 4: The number of HDFS files should try to be a multiple of the number of location files and try to be relatively the same size In our running example, the DOP is 8. This means that the number of location files should be a small multiple of 8. Remember that each location file represents a list of unique HDFS files to load, and that the sum of the files listed in each location file is a workload for one Oracle PQ slave. The OSCH External Table tool will look in an HDFS directory for a set of HDFS files to load.  It will generate N number of location files (where N is the value you gave to the tool). It will then try to divvy up the HDFS files and do its best to make sure the workload across location files is as balanced as possible. (The tool uses a greedy algorithm that grabs the biggest HDFS file and delegates it to a particular location file. It then looks for the next biggest file and puts in some other location file, and so on). The tools ability to balance is reduced if HDFS file sizes are grossly out of balance or are too few. For example suppose my DOP is 8 and the number of location files is 8. Suppose I have only 8 HDFS files, where one file is 900GB and the others are 100GB. When the tool tries to balance the load it will be forced to put the singleton 900GB into one location file, and put each of the 100GB files in the 7 remaining location files. The load balance skew is 9 to 1. One PQ slave will be working overtime, while the slacker PQ slaves are off enjoying happy hour. If however the total payload (1600 GB) were broken up into smaller HDFS files, the OSCH External Table tool would have an easier time generating a list where each workload for each location file is relatively the same.  Applying Rule 4 above to our DOP of 8, we could divide the workload into160 files that were approximately 10 GB in size.  For this scenario the OSCH External Table tool would populate each location file with 20 HDFS file references, and all location files would have similar workloads (approximately 200GB per location file.) As a rule, when the OSCH External Table tool has to deal with more and smaller files it will be able to create more balanced loads. How small should HDFS files get? Not so small that the HDFS open and close file overhead starts having a substantial impact. For our performance test system (Exadata/BDA with Infiniband), I compared three OSCH loads of 1 TiB. One load had 128 HDFS files living in 64 location files where each HDFS file was about 8GB. I then did the same load with 12800 files where each HDFS file was about 80MB size. The end to end load time was virtually the same. However when I got ridiculously small (i.e. 128000 files at about 8MB per file), it started to make an impact and slow down the load time. What happens if you break rules 3 or 4 above? Nothing draconian, everything will still function. You just won’t be taking full advantage of the generous DOP that was allocated to you by your friendly DBA. The key point of the rules articulated above is this: if you know that HDFS content is ultimately going to be loaded into Oracle using OSCH, it makes sense to chop them up into the right number of files roughly the same size, derived from the DOP that you expect to use for loading. Next Steps So far we have talked about OLH and OSCH as alternative models for loading. That’s not quite the whole story. They can be used together in a way that provides for more efficient OSCH loads and allows one to be more flexible about scheduling on a Hadoop cluster and an Oracle Database to perform load operations. The next lesson will talk about Oracle Data Pump files generated by OLH, and loaded using OSCH. It will also outline the pros and cons of using various load methods.  This will be followed up with a final tutorial lesson focusing on how to optimize OLH and OSCH for use on Oracle's engineered systems: specifically Exadata and the BDA. /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}

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  • Security Audit Failures in Event Viewer Windows Server 2008R2

    - by Jacob
    When I am looking at the security tab of my event viewer on a Windows Server 2008 R2, I am showing a ton of Audit Failures with Event ID 4776. The computer attempted to validate the credentials for an account. Authentication Package: MICROSOFT_AUTHENTICATION_PACKAGE_V1_0 Logon Account: randy Source Workstation: HPDB1 Error Code: 0xc0000064 I verified the account "randy" exist in my Active Directory. From my understanding, there has not been any recent password changes. Is there any way to get detailed information on this error? I am wondering what program is requesting this information. Also, is there any way to clear this error up? I was thinking about resetting the password and changing it back to the original.

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  • Is this the right way to organize my database tables?

    - by Moss
    So I'm making a website that allows users to build contact lists. So their are users, the users have lists, and the lists have contacts. It seems to me that I need 3 tables for this but I just want to make sure. There would be a User table of course, and then a "List of Lists" table that has the username, and listname, as primary key along with whatever other info we want to attach to the lists as a whole. Finally, for lack of a better word, the List table which would again have the username/listname p.k., then the contact ID and notes and such that the user attaches to that contact on that specific list. I hope that is a clear explanation. For some reason I feel unsure about this arrangement. For one thing if the website becomes popular the List table could swell to billions of rows. And it also feels a little weird that everybody's list info is all jumbled up in the same table. I suppose I could create separate tables for each user and even for each list but that seems like a bad idea for other reasons. My db explanation assumes I can use foreign keys on my tables which at the moment isn't actually an option. If I can't get InnoDB tables enabled I will probably use ID's for the lists instead of depending on a compound key. Maybe I should do this anyway?

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  • why does mysql have so many more open and fragmented tables than tables in the DB?

    - by kswift
    I've been working making our database run a little smoother and had good results over the past week. But there are still some things I dont understand. For one thing, the database has 25 tables. But mysql status shows 512 are open: mysqladmin status Uptime: 212854 Threads: 1 Questions: 43041 Slow queries: 7 Opens: 2605 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 512 Queries per second avg: 0.202 I've read that isam opens extra file descriptors and a few other reasons why the number of open tables might be higher than 25, but I am guessing that 512 is not a good thing. Any suggestions on why this might be or what I should be looking into? I've also been using mysqltuner and its been helpful. But it has consistently listed the number of fragmented tables at 207. In phpmyadmin I've selected all the tables and optimized them several times. It hasn't reduced the number of fragmented tables that mysqltuner reports. I think I am missing some important concept about how this all works. Does anyone have any suggestions to point me in the right direction or narrow down google searches or just generally help me be less clueless? Thanks!

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  • Mysqld increases the load on the CPU and drops after flush-tables

    - by mirage
    Help please advice on the issue. Normal load on the cpu 20-30% us + sy. After restoring the database files from the slave server (same version) began a periodic problem. mysql starts to load the cpu at 100% (us + sy grows proportionally). The queue is growing, everything slows down. But with mysqladmin flush-tables are normalized for a few hours. Dedicated linux server running mysql 2 x E5506 24Gb RAM, database size 50Gb. [OK] Currently running supported MySQL version 5.0.51a-24 + lenny4-log [OK] Operating on 64-bit architecture -------- Storage Engine Statistics --------------------------------------- ---- [-] Status: + Archive-BDB-Federated + InnoDB-ISAM-NDBCluster [-] Data in MyISAM tables: 33G (Tables: 1474) [-] Data in InnoDB tables: 1G (Tables: 4) [-] Data in MEMORY tables: 120K (Tables: 3) [-] Reads / Writes: 91% / 9% [-] Total buffers: 12.8M per thread and 7.1G global [OK] Maximum possible memory usage: 15.8G (66% of installed RAM) 4000 - 5500 rps key_buffer = 1536M max_allowed_packet = 2M table_cache = 4096 sort_buffer_size = 409584 read_buffer_size = 128K read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M thread_cache_size = 500 query_cache_size = 100M thread_concurrency = 24 max_connections = 700 tmp_table_size = 4096M join_buffer_size = 4M max_heap_table_size = 4096M query_cache_limit = 1M low_priority_updates = 1 concurrent_insert = 2 wait_timeout = 30 server-id = 1 log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log expire_logs_days = 10 max_binlog_size = 100M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1536M innodb_log_buffer_size = 4M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 How to solve the problem?

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  • MySQL Tables Missing/Corrupt After Recreation

    - by Synetech inc.
    Hi, Yesterday I dumped my MySQL databases to an SQL file and renamed the ibdata1 file. I then recreated it and imported the SQL file and moved the new ibdata1 file to my MySQL data directory, deleting the old one. I’ve done it before without issue, however this time something is not right. When I examine the (personal, not MySQL config) databases, they are all there, but they are empty… sort of. The data directory still has the .ibd files with the correct content in them and I can view the table list in the databases, but not the tables themselves. (I have file-per-table enabled, and am using InnoDB as default for everything.) For example with the urls database and its urls table, I can successfully open mysql.exe or phpMyAdmin and use urls;. I can even show tables; to see the expected table, but then when I try to describe urls; or select * from urls;, it complains that the table does not exist (even though it just listed it). (The MySQL Administrator lists the databases, but does not even list the tables, it indicates that the dbs are completely empty.) The problem now is that I have already deleted the SQL file (and cannot recover it even after scouring my hard-drive). So I am trying to figure out a way to repair these databases/tables. I can’t use the table repair function since it complains that the table does not exist, and I can’t dump them because again, it complains that the tables don’t exist. Like I’ve said, the data itself is still present in the .ibd files and the table names are present. I just need a way to get MySQL to recognize that the tables exist in the databases (I can find the column names of the tables in question in the ibdata1 file using a hex-editor). Any idea how I can repair this type of corruption? I don’t mind rolling up my sleeves, digging in, and taking a bunch of steps to fix it. Thanks a lot.

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