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  • How to make a copy of a char and not a reference in C++

    - by Phenom
    If I declare a function like this: string hash (char* key) then any change I make to key will also change it's value when the function exits, correct? I want to make a copy of it in the function so that I can safely change it without changing the original value. I tried this, but it doesn't work. string temp = key; How can it be done?

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  • return value (not a reference) from the function, bound to a const reference in the calling function

    - by brainydexter
    "If you return a value (not a reference) from the function, then bind it to a const reference in the calling function, its lifetime would be extended to the scope of the calling function." So: const BoundingBox Player::GetBoundingBox(void) { return BoundingBox( &GetBoundingSphere() ); } Returns a value of type const BoundingBox from function GetBoundingBox() Called function: (From within function Update() the following is called:) variant I: (Bind it to a const reference) const BoundingBox& l_Bbox = l_pPlayer->GetBoundingBox(); variant II: (Bind it to a const copy) const BoundingBox l_Bbox = l_pPlayer->GetBoundingBox(); Both work fine and I don't see the l_Bbox object going out of scope. (Though, I understand in variant one, the copy constructor is not called and thus is slightly better than variant II). Also, for comparison, I made the following changes. BoundingBox Player::GetBoundingBox(void) { return BoundingBox( &GetBoundingSphere() ); } with Variants: I BoundingBox& l_Bbox = l_pPlayer->GetBoundingBox(); and II: BoundingBox l_Bbox = l_pPlayer->GetBoundingBox(); The objet l_Bbox still does not out scope. So, I don't see how "bind it to a const reference in the calling function, its lifetime would be extended to the scope of the calling function", really extends the lifetime of the object to the scope of the calling function ? Am I missing something trivial here..please explain .. Thanks a lot

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  • Mallocing an unsigned char array to store ints

    - by Max Desmond
    I keep getting a segmentation fault when i test the following code. I am currently unable to find an answer after having searched the web. a = (byte *)malloc(sizeof(byte) * x ) ; for( i = 0 ; i < x-1 ; i++ ) { scanf("%d", &y ) ; a[i] = y ; } Both y and x are initialized. X is the size of the array determined by the user. The segmentation fault is on the second to last integer to be added, i found this by adding printf("roar") ; before setting a[i] to y and entering one number at a time. Byte is a typedef of an unsigned char. Note: I've also tried using a[i] = (byte)y ; A is ininitalized as follows byte *a ; If you need to view the entire code it is this: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include "sort.h" int p_cmp_f () ; int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { int x, y, i, choice ; byte *a ; while( choice !=2 ) { printf( "Would you like to sort integers?\n1. Yes\n2. No\n" ) ; scanf("%d", &choice ) ; switch(choice) { case 1: printf( "Enter the length of the array: " ) ; scanf( "%d", &x ) ; a = (byte *)malloc(sizeof( byte ) * x ) ; printf( "Enter %d integers to add to the array: ", x ) ; for( i = 0 ; i < x -1 ; i++ ) { scanf( "%d", &y ) ; a[i] = y ; } switch( choice ) { case 1: bubble_sort( a, x, sizeof(int), p_cmp_f ) ; for( i = 0 ; i < x ; i++ ) printf( "%d", a[i] ; break ; case 2: selection_sort( a, x, sizeof(int), p_cmp_f ) ; for( i = 0 ; i < x; i++ ) printf( "%d", a[i] ; break ; case 3: insertion_sort( a, x, sizeof(int), p_cmp_f ) ; for( i = 0 ; i < x ; i++ ) printf( "%d", a[i] ; break ; case 4: merge_sort( a, x, sizeof(int), p_cmp_f ) ; for( i = 0 ; i < x ; i++ ) printf( "%d", a[i] ; break ; case 5: quick_sort( a, x, sizeof(int), p_cmp_f ) ; for( i = 0 ; i < x ; i++ ) printf( "%d", a[i] ; break ; default: printf("Enter either 1,2,3,4, or 5" ) ; break ; } case 2: printf( "Thank you for using this program\n" ) ; return 0 ; break ; default: printf( "Enter either 1 or 2: " ) ; break ; } } free(a) ; return 0 ; } int p_cmp_f( byte *element1, byte *element2 ) { return *((int *)element1) - *((int *)element2) ; }

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  • Java: Checking contents of char variable with if condition

    - by Troy
    Hello, I have a char variable that is supposed to contain either a Y,y,n or N character, I want to test if it does not contain it, then display an error message and exit the program. This is the code I am using; if (userDecision != 'Y' || userDecision != 'y' || userDecision != 'n' || userDecision != 'N') { System.out.println("Error: invalid input entered for the interstate question"); System.exit(0); } Irregardless of what is in the variable it always returns true and executes the command to exit the program, what am I doing wrong?

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  • How do I output an individual character when using char *[] = "something"

    - by Matt
    I've been playing with pointers to better understand them and I came across something I think I should be able to do, but can't sort out how. The code below works fine - I can output "a", "dog", "socks", and "pants" - but what if I wanted to just output the 'o' from "socks"? How would I do that? char *mars[4] = { "a", "dog", "sock", "pants" }; for ( int counter = 0; counter < 4; counter++ ) { cout << mars[ counter ]; } Please forgive me if the question is answered somewhere - there are 30+ pages of C++ pointer related question, and I spent about 90 minutes looking through them, as well as reading various (very informative) articles, before deciding to ask.

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  • How do I convert a single char in string to an int

    - by Guest
    Keep in mind, if you choose to answer the question, I am a beginner in the field of programming and may need a bit more explanation than others as to how the solutions work. Thank you for your help. My problem is that I am trying to do computations with parts of a string (consisting only of numbers), but I do not know how to convert an individual char to an int. The string is named "message". for (int place = 0; place < message.size(); place++) { if (secondPlace == 0) { cout << (message[place]) * 100 << endl; } } Thank you.

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  • C++ sort array of char pointes

    - by user69514
    Can you tell me what's wrong with my method? I ends up putting the same thing everywhre and it's actually not sorting. void sortArrays(){ int i, j; for(i=0; i<counter; i++){ for( j=0; j<i; j++){ if( strcmp(title_arr[i], title_arr[j]) < 0){ char* title_temp = title_arr[i]; title_arr[j] = title_temp; } } }

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  • C++ sort array of char pointers

    - by user69514
    Can you tell me what's wrong with my method? I ends up putting the same thing everywhre and it's actually not sorting. void sortArrays(){ int i, j; for(i=0; i<counter; i++){ for( j=0; j<i; j++){ if( strcmp(title_arr[i], title_arr[j]) < 0){ char* title_temp = title_arr[i]; title_arr[j] = title_temp; } } }

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  • Check and avoid if a char is being entered in a int

    - by John
    Hi.... This is a exremely stupid question but i need help with this.... I'm trying to make a small program that i made robust and needed some help with tht.... int num1; int num2 = 0; System.out.print("Enter number 1: "); num1 = kb.nextInt(); while(num2<num1) { System.out.print("Enter number 2: "); num2 = kb.nextInt(); } Number 2 has to be greater than number 1 Also i want the program to automatically check and ignore if the user enters a char instead of an int... Cause right now when a user enters lets say "r" instead of a number the program just exists....

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  • char '0x8' what character is this?

    - by OHHAI
    I have a large amount of data in a database. When I attempt to read a certain portion of the data and generate some xml and send it to a webservice I get the following exception... The char '0x8' in 'java.lang.IllegalArgumentException'. I'm guessing it is some bad data, as it has worked perfectly for about 7 months but now some user uploaded some new data that seems to have some issues. Anyone know what character this is so I can just run a sql query and clean it from the db? Thanks in advance.

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  • How to convert char to LPCTSTR (MFC)?

    - by Shark
    Is there any way to do this? This is what I am trying to do: char s[] = { 'a', 'b' }; label.SetWindowTextW(s[1]); label is CStatic typed, _UNICODE is defined. Any help would be appreciated. UPD: Tried to use CString(s[1]), it works for ASCII characters but others won't work. E. g. for the ? it returns |.

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  • Passing char * into fopen with C.

    - by Rhys
    Hey there, I'm writing a program that passes data from a file into an array, but I'm having trouble with fopen (). It seems to work fine when I hardcode the file path into the parameters (eg fopen ("data/1.dat", "r");) but when I pass it as a pointer, it returns NULL. Note that line 142 will print "data/1.dat" if entered from command line so parse_args () appears to be working. 132 int 133 main(int argc, char **argv) 134 { 135 FILE *in_file; 136 int *nextItem = (int *) malloc (sizeof (int)); 137 set_t *dictionary; 138 139 /* Parse Arguments */ 140 clo_t *iopts = parse_args(argc, argv); 141 142 printf ("INPUT FILE: %s.\n", iopts->input_file); /* This prints correct path */ 143 /* Initialise dictionary */ 144 dictionary = set_create (SET_INITAL_SIZE); 145 146 /* Use fscanf to read all data values into new set_t */ 147 if ((in_file = fopen (iopts->input_file, "r")) == NULL) 148 { 149 printf ("File not found...\n"); 150 return 0; 151 } Thanks! Rhys

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  • Trying to compile a linux-based app on Mac OS X

    - by Scott
    I'm just trying to compile the linux-based FCEUX (NES emulator) on my mac, OS X 10.5 Leopard. I got all the dependencies (SDL, GTK+ 2) going and everything but of all things this is now my problem: Undefined symbols: "_compress", referenced from: SaveSnapshot() in video.o "_gzclose", referenced from: FCEU_fopen(char const*, char const*, char*, char*, int, char const**)in file.o "_crc32", referenced from: CalcCRC32(unsigned int, unsigned char*, unsigned int)in crc32.o _unzReadCurrentFile in unzip.o _unzReadCurrentFile in unzip.o "_uncompress", referenced from: NetplayUpdate(unsigned char*)in netplay.o FCEUSS_LoadFP(EMUFILE*, ENUM_SSLOADPARAMS) in state.o "_compress2", referenced from: FCEUNET_SendFile(unsigned char, char*)in netplay.o FCEUSS_SaveMS(EMUFILE*, int) in state.o "_inflateEnd", referenced from: _unzCloseCurrentFile in unzip.o "_inflate", referenced from: _unzReadCurrentFile in unzip.o "inflateInit2", referenced from: _unzOpenCurrentFile in unzip.o "_gzgetc", referenced from: FCEU_fopen(char const*, char const*, char*, char*, int, char const**)in file.o "_gzopen", referenced from: FCEU_fopen(char const*, char const*, char*, char*, int, char const**)in file.o "_gzread", referenced from: FCEU_fopen(char const*, char const*, char*, char*, int, char const**)in file.o "_gzseek", referenced from: FCEU_fopen(char const*, char const*, char*, char*, int, char const*)in file.o ld: symbol(s) not found collect2: ld returned 1 exit status scons: ** [src/fceux] Error 1 scons: building terminated because of errors. Those are zlib functions. It seems like it is loading the zlib.h ok, but the symbols aren't being linked in? Just to make sure I downloaded the latest zlib and did a make install, no help. I have no clue what's going on here, it seems like it should be pretty basic, that library is nothing special. Help would be appreciated. Thanks.

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  • Socket in C: recv overwrite a char[]

    - by Possa
    Hi all, I'm trying to make a little client-server script like many others that I've done in the past. But in this one I have a problem. It is better if I post the code and the output it give me. Code: #include <mysql.h> //not important now #include <stdlib.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <signal.h> #include <string.h> //constant definition #define SERVER_PORT 2121 #define LINESIZE 21 //global var definition char victim_ip[LINESIZE], file_write[LINESIZE], hacker_ip[LINESIZE]; //function void leggi (int); //not use now for debugging purpose //void scriviDB (); //not important now main () { int sock, client_len, fd; struct sockaddr_in server, client; // transport end point if((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) { perror("system call socket fail"); exit(1); } server.sin_family = AF_INET; server.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("10.10.10.1"); server.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT); // binding address at transport end point if (bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&server, sizeof server) == -1) { perror("system call bind fail"); exit(1); } //fprintf(stderr, "Server open: listening.\n"); listen(sock, 5); /* managae client connection */ while (1) { client_len = sizeof(client); if ((fd = accept(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&client, &client_len)) < 0) { perror("accepting connection"); exit(1); } strcpy(hacker_ip, inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr)); printf("1 %s\n", hacker_ip); //debugging purpose //leggi(fd); ////////////////////////// //receive client recv(fd, victim_ip, LINESIZE, 0); victim_ip[sizeof(victim_ip)] = '\0'; printf("2 %s\n", hacker_ip); //debugging purpose recv(fd, file_write, LINESIZE, 0); file_write[sizeof(file_write)] = '\0'; printf("3 %s\n", hacker_ip); //debugging purpose printf("%s@%s for %s\n", file_write, victim_ip, hacker_ip); //send to client send(fd, hacker_ip, 40, 0); //now is hacker_ip for debug ///////////////////////// close(fd); }//end while exit(0); } //end main Client send string: ./send -i 10.10.10.4 -f filename.ext so the script send -i (IP) and -f (FILE) at the server. Here's my output server side: 1 10.10.10.6 2 10.10.10.6 3 [email protected] for As you can see the printf(3) and the printf(ip,file,ip) fail. I don't know how and where but someone overwrite my hacker_ip string. Thanks for your help! :)

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  • how to get rid off garbage in array of chars?

    - by fang_dejavu
    hi, I'm writing a C program but I keep having problems with my array of chars. I keep getting garbage when I print it using prinf. here is an example of what I get when I print it: char at t.symbol is Aôÿ¿ char at tabl[0].symbol is A char at tabl[1].symbol is a char at tabl[2].symbol is a char at tabl[3].symbol is d char at tabl[4].symbol is e char at tabl[5].symbol is f char at tabl[6].symbol is g char at tabl[7].symbol is h char at tabl[8].symbol is i char at tabl[9].symbol is x char at t[0].symbol is a0AÃ char at t[1].symbol is b)@Ã4 char at t[2].symbol is ckU* char at t[3].symbol is Aôÿ¿ char at t[4].symbol is gØ could someone tell me how to get rid off the garbage in the array of chars? here is my code #define MAX 100 #ifndef SYMBSIZE #define SYMBSIZE 1 #endif typedef struct tableme { char symbol[SYMBSIZE]; int value; int casenmbr; int otherinfo; }tabletype; int main(int argc, char **argv) { tabletype t[MAX]; t[3].symbol[0] = 'A'; t[0].value=1; t[0].casenmbr = 7; t[0].otherinfo = 682; tabletype tabl[MAX]; tabl[0].value = 1; tabl[0].symbol[0] = 'A'; tabl[1].value = 11; tabl[1].symbol[0]= 'a'; tabl[2].value = 12; tabl[2].symbol[0] = 'a'; tabl[3].value = 13; tabl[3].symbol[0] = 'd'; tabl[4].value = 14; tabl[4].symbol[0] = 'e'; tabl[5].value = 15; tabl[5].symbol[0] = 'f'; tabl[6].value = 16; tabl[6].symbol[0] = 'g'; tabl[7].value = 17; tabl[7].symbol[0] = 'h'; tabl[8].symbol[0] = 'i'; tabl[9].symbol[0] = 'x'; t[1].symbol[0] = 'b'; t[0].symbol[0]= 'a'; t[2].symbol[0]= 'c'; t[4].symbol[0]= 'g'; printf("char at t.symbol is %s \n", t[3].symbol); for( x=0;x<10;x++) { printf("char at tabl[%d].symbol is %s \n",x, tabl[x].symbol); } int j; for(j = 0; j<5;j++) { printf("char at t[%d].symbol is %s \n",j, t[j].symbol); } return 0; }

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  • Java char literal to C# char literal

    - by Kristoffersen
    Hi. I am maintaining some Java code that I am currently converting to C#. The Java code is doing this: sendString(somedata + '\000'); And in C# I am trying to do the same: sendString(somedata + '\000'); But on the '\000' VS2010 tells me that "Too many characters in character literal". How can I use '\000' in C#? I have tried to find out what the character is, but it seems to be " " or some kind of newline-character. Do you know anything about the issue? Thanks!

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  • std::map for storing static const Objects

    - by Sean M.
    I am making a game similar to Minecraft, and I am trying to fine a way to keep a map of Block objects sorted by their id. This is almost identical to the way that Minecraft does it, in that they declare a bunch of static final Block objects and initialize them, and then the constructor of each block puts a reference of that block into whatever the Java equivalent of a std::map is, so there is a central place to get ids and the Blocks with those ids. The problem is, that I am making my game in C++, and trying to do the exact same thing. In Block.h, I am declaring the Blocks like so: //Block.h public: static const Block Vacuum; static const Block Test; And in Block.cpp I am initializing them like so: //Block.cpp const Block Block::Vacuum = Block("Vacuum", 0, 0); const Block Block::Test = Block("Test", 1, 0); The block constructor looks like this: Block::Block(std::string name, uint16 id, uint8 tex) { //Check for repeat ids if (IdInUse(id)) { fprintf(stderr, "Block id %u is already in use!", (uint32)id); throw std::runtime_error("You cannot reuse block ids!"); } _id = id; //Check for repeat names if (NameInUse(name)) { fprintf(stderr, "Block name %s is already in use!", name); throw std::runtime_error("You cannot reuse block names!"); } _name = name; _tex = tex; //fprintf(stdout, "Using texture %u\n", _tex); _transparent = false; _solidity = 1.0f; idMap[id] = this; nameMap[name] = this; } And finally, the maps that I'm using to store references of Blocks in relation to their names and ids are declared as such: std::map<uint16, Block*> Block::idMap = std::map<uint16, Block*>(); //The map of block ids std::map<std::string, Block*> Block::nameMap = std::map<std::string, Block*>(); //The map of block names The problem comes when I try to get the Blocks in the maps using a method called const Block* GetBlock(uint16 id), where the last line is return idMap.at(id);. This line returns a Block with completely random values like _visibility = 0xcccc and such like that, found out through debugging. So my question is, is there something wrong with the blocks being declared as const obejcts, and then stored at pointers and accessed later on? The reason I cant store them as Block& is because that makes a copy of the Block when it is entered, so the block wouldn't have any of the attributes that could be set afterwards in the constructor of any child class, so I think I need to store them as a pointer. Any help is greatly appreciated, as I don't fully understand pointers yet. Just ask if you need to see any other parts of the code.

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  • Getting a cryptic error on my simple Java program, comparing char[i] to a string.

    - by Sergio Tapia
    public static void ejemplosString(String palabra){ char[] letras = palabra.toCharArray(); int contadorVocales = 0; for (int i = 0; i < letras.length; i++) { if (char[i] == 'a') { contadorVocales++; } if (char[i] == "e") { contadorVocales++; } if (char[i] == "i") { contadorVocales++; } if (char[i] == "o") { contadorVocales++; } if (char[i] == "u") { contadorVocales++; } } } Getting the error on every If statement. Any guidance?

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  • traverse a string char by char javascript

    - by mikeandike
    function SimpleSymbols(str) { var letter =['a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j', 'k','l','m','n','o','p','q','r','s','t','u','v','w','x','y','z']; var newstr = ""; for (var i = 0; i<str.length; i++){ if (str.charAt(i).toLowerCase() in letter){ newstr += "M"; } else{ newstr += "X"; } } return newstr; } If str is "Argument goes here" it returns XXXXXXXXX. WHy doesn't it return MMMMMMMMMM?

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  • Dynamic allocating of const member structures

    - by Willy
    I've got class which is using plain-only-data struct with const variables and I'm not sure, if I'm allocating these structures in a proper way. It looks more or less like: #include <cstdlib> #include <iostream> using std::cout; using std::endl; struct some_const_struct { const int arg1; const int arg2; }; class which_is_using_above_struct { public: some_const_struct* m_member; const some_const_struct* const m_const_member; public: const some_const_struct& get_member() const { return *m_member; } const some_const_struct& get_const_member() const { return *m_const_member; } void set_member(const int a, const int b) { if(m_member != NULL) { delete m_member; m_member = NULL; } m_member = new some_const_struct((some_const_struct){a, b}); } explicit which_is_using_above_struct(const int a, const int b) : m_const_member(new some_const_struct((const some_const_struct){a, b})) { m_member = NULL; } ~which_is_using_above_struct() { if(m_member != NULL) { delete m_member; } if(m_const_member != NULL) { delete m_const_member; } } }; int main() { which_is_using_above_struct c(1, 2); c.set_member(3, 4); cout << "m_member.arg1 = " << c.get_member().arg1 << endl; cout << "m_member.arg2 = " << c.get_member().arg2 << endl; cout << "m_const_member.arg1 = " << c.get_const_member().arg1 << endl; cout << "m_const_member.arg2 = " << c.get_const_member().arg2 << endl; return 0; } I'm just not quite sure if the statement: m_member = new some_const_struct((some_const_struct){a, b}); doesn't produce unnessesary use of some_const_struct's copy constructor, ergo allocating that struct twice. What do you think? And is it reasonable to make that struct's members const? (they're not supposed to change in their lifetime at all)

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  • Why is const required [C++] ? [closed]

    - by Andy Leman
    Possible Duplicate: What's the difference between a const member function and a non-const member function? class Message { public: Message(const char* pStr, const char* key); Message(const char* pStr); Message(); void encryptMessage(); void decryptMessage(); const char* getUnMessage() const; const char* getEnMessage() const; void getMessage(); void getKey(); ~Message(); private: char* pUnMessage; char* pEnMessage; char* pKey; }; In this program, why using const? (2 different places) Please explain those 2 for me. Thank you very much!

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  • "const char *" is incompatible with parameter of type "LPCWSTR" error

    - by N0xus
    I'm trying to incorporate some code from Programming an RTS Game With Direct3D into my game. Before anyone says it, I know the book is kinda old, but it's the particle effects system he creates that I'm trying to use. With his shader class, he intialise it thusly: void SHADER::Init(IDirect3DDevice9 *Dev, const char fName[], int typ) { m_pDevice = Dev; m_type = typ; if(m_pDevice == NULL)return; // Assemble and set the pixel or vertex shader HRESULT hRes; LPD3DXBUFFER Code = NULL; LPD3DXBUFFER ErrorMsgs = NULL; if(m_type == PIXEL_SHADER) hRes = D3DXCompileShaderFromFile(fName, NULL, NULL, "Main", "ps_2_0", D3DXSHADER_DEBUG, &Code, &ErrorMsgs, &m_pConstantTable); else hRes = D3DXCompileShaderFromFile(fName, NULL, NULL, "Main", "vs_2_0", D3DXSHADER_DEBUG, &Code, &ErrorMsgs, &m_pConstantTable); } How ever, this generates the following error: Error 1 error C2664: 'D3DXCompileShaderFromFileW' : cannot convert parameter 1 from 'const char []' to 'LPCWSTR' The compiler states the issue is with fName in the D3DXCompileShaderFromFile line. I know this has something to do with the character set, and my program was already running with a Unicode Character set on the go. I read that to solve the above problem, I need to switch to a multi-byte character set. But, if I do that, I get other errors in my code, like so: Error 2 error C2664: 'D3DXCreateEffectFromFileA' : cannot convert parameter 2 from 'const wchar_t *' to 'LPCSTR' With it being accredited to the following line of code: if(FAILED(D3DXCreateEffectFromFile(m_pD3DDevice9,effectFileName.c_str(),NULL,NULL,0,NULL,&m_pCurrentEffect,&pErrorBuffer))) This if is nested within another if statement checking my effectmap list. Though it is the FAILED word with the red line. Like wise I get the another error with the following line of code: wstring effectFileName = TEXT("Sky.fx"); With the error message being: Error 1 error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'const char [7]' to 'std::basic_string<_Elem,_Traits,_Ax' If I change it back to a Uni code character set, I get the original (fewer) errors. Leaving as a multi-byte, I get more errors. Does anyone know of a way I can fix this issue?

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  • Question about memory allocation when initializing char arrays in C/C++.

    - by Carlos Nunez
    Before anything, I apologize if this question has been asked before. I am programming a simple packet sniffer for a class project. For a little while, I ran into the issue where the source and destination of a packet appeared to be the same. For example, the source and destination of an Ethernet frame would be the same MAC address all of the time. I custom-made ether_ntoa(char *) because Windows does not seem to have ethernet.h like Linux does. Code snippet is below: char *ether_ntoa(u_char etheraddr[ETHER_ADDR_LEN]) { int i, j; char eout[32]; for(i = 0, j = 0; i < 5; i++) { eout[j++] = etheraddr[i] >> 4; eout[j++] = etheraddr[i] & 0xF; eout[j++] = ':'; } eout[j++] = etheraddr[i] >> 4; eout[j++] = etheraddr[i] & 0xF; eout[j++] = '\0'; for(i = 0; i < 17; i++) { if(eout[i] < 10) eout[i] += 0x30; else if(eout[i] < 16) eout[i] += 0x57; } return(eout); } I solved the problem by using malloc() to have the compiler assign memory (i.e. instead of char eout[32], I used char * eout; eout = (char *) malloc (32);). However, I thought that the compiler assigned different memory locations when one sized a char-array at compile time. Is this incorrect? Thanks! Carlos Nunez

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