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• [NGINX] How do you hide .git project directories?

  - by Xeoncross

  Now that I have nginx setup I need to be able to hide my .git directories. What kind of rewrite would I need to stop prying eyes? And where in the server {} or http {} block would it go?

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• Git as a backup and Version Control System.

  - by gitnoob

  Hi. I want to use Git to backup my home drive, but I also want to use it as a version control system for projects that will be stored in my home drive. How would I go about doing that? Do I .gitignore all the projects root folders and make new repositories for them?

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• Git: Add part of (changed) file to index *by line numbers*

  - by RobM

  Is there a git command to add differences within a range of line-numbers to the index? I want to be able to select lines in my editor and run a macro to add any changes in the selection to the index.

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• Git repository issues

  - by sreeni

  Hi, I am working on origin:abc remote repository . I want to update the origin:def repository in the remote repository in git. Can some please give me command for this?

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• In "git checkout -- files", what does "--" mean?

  - by e-satis

  Is it the "end of option" I am used to see in bash (and if yes, why do we use it) or is it a Git notation for the Index or the HEAD?

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• Is there a way to easily convert a series of tarballs of a source tree into a git repository?

  - by Hotei

  I'm new to git and I have a moderately large number of weekly tarballs from a long running project. Each tarball has on average a few hundred files in it. I'm looking for a git strategy that will allow me to add the expanded contents of each tarball to a new git repository, starting from version 1.001 and going through version 1.650. As of this stage of the project 99.5% of tarball(n) is just a copy of version(n-1) - in other words, a perfect candidate for git. The desired end result is to have only the master branch remaining at the end of the process. I think I know git well enough to do this "by hand". As I understand it there is no possibility of a merge conflict since there will be no opportunity to change the master before the next version is added and committed. A shell script is my first guess, but I'm not sure how well bash will like it when git checkout branch_n gets processed while bash is executing in branch_n-1. For the purposes of this project the host environment is Ubuntu 10.4, resources available are 8 Gig RAM, 500 Gig Disk space free and 4 CPU processor at 3.ghz . I don't need someone else to solve the problem but I could use a nudge in the right direction as to how a git expert would approach it. Any advice from someone who's "been there done that" would be appreciated. Hotei PS: I have looked at site's suggested "related questions" and found nothing relevant.

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• svnstat script

  - by Kyle Hodgson

  So I'm building out a shell script to check out all of our relevant svn repositories for analysis in svnstat. I've gotten all of this to work manually, now I'm writing up a bash script in cygwin on my Vista laptop, as I intend to move this to a Linux server at some point. Edit: I gave up on this and wrote a simple .bat script. I'll figure out the Linux deployment some other way. Edit: added the sleep 30 and svn log commands. I can tell now, with the svn log command, that it's not getting to the svn log ... this time, it did Applications, and ran the log, and then check out Database, and froze. I'll put the sleep 30 before and after the log this time. co2.sh #!/bin/bash function checkout { mkdir $1 svn checkout svn://dev-server/$1 $1 svn log --verbose --xml >> svn.log $1 sleep 30 } cd /cygdrive/c/Users/My\ User/Documents/Repos/wc checkout Applications checkout Database checkout WebServer/www.mysite.com checkout WebServer/anotherhost.mysite.com checkout WebServer/AnotherApp checkout WebServer/thirdhost.mysite.com checkout WebServer/fourthhost.mysite.com checkout WebServer/WebServices It works, for the most part - but for some reason it has a tendency to stop working after a few repositories, usually right after finishing a repository before going to the next one. When it fails, it will not recover on its own. I've tried commenting out the svn line, it goes in and creates all the directories just fine when I do that - so its not that. I'm looking for direction as well as direct advice. Cygwin has been very stable for me, but I did start using the native rxvt instead of "bash in a cmd.exe window" recently. I don't think that's the problem, as I've left top on remote systems running all night and rxvt didn't seem to mind. Also I haven't done any bash scripting in cygwin so I suppose this might not be recommended; though I can't see why not. I don't want all of WebServer, hence me only checking out certain folders like that. What I suspect is that something is hanging up the svn checkout. Any ideas here? Edit: this time when I hit ctrl+z to cancel out, I forgot I was on Windows and typed ps to see if the job was still running; and as you can see there are lots of svn processes hanging around... strange. Kyle Hodgson@KyleHodgson-PC ~/winUser/Documents/Repos $ Kyle Hodgson@KyleHodgson-PC ~/winUser/Documents/Repos $ jobs [1]- Stopped bash co2.sh [2]+ Stopped ./co2.sh Kyle Hodgson@KyleHodgson-PC ~/winUser/Documents/Repos $ kill %1 [1]- Stopped bash co2.sh Kyle Hodgson@KyleHodgson-PC ~/winUser/Documents/Repos $ [1]- Terminated bash co2.sh Kyle Hodgson@KyleHodgson-PC ~/winUser/Documents/Repos $ Kyle Hodgson@KyleHodgson-PC ~/winUser/Documents/Repos $ Kyle Hodgson@KyleHodgson-PC ~/winUser/Documents/Repos $ ps PID PPID PGID WINPID TTY UID STIME COMMAND 7872 1 7872 2340 0 1000 Jun 29 /usr/bin/svn 7752 1 6140 7828 1 1000 Jun 29 /usr/bin/svn 6192 1 5044 2192 1 1000 Jun 30 /usr/bin/svn 7292 1 7452 1796 1 1000 Jun 30 /usr/bin/svn 6236 1 7304 7468 2 1000 Jul 2 /usr/bin/svn 1564 1 5032 7144 2 1000 Jul 2 /usr/bin/svn 9072 1 3960 6276 3 1000 Jul 3 /usr/bin/svn 5876 1 5876 5876 con 1000 11:22:10 /usr/bin/rxvt 924 5876 924 10192 4 1000 11:22:10 /usr/bin/bash 7212 1 7332 5584 4 1000 13:17:54 /usr/bin/svn 9412 1 5480 8840 4 1000 15:38:16 /usr/bin/svn S 8128 924 8128 9452 4 1000 17:38:05 /usr/bin/bash 9132 8128 8128 8172 4 1000 17:43:25 /usr/bin/svn 3512 1 3512 3512 con 1000 17:43:50 /usr/bin/rxvt I 10200 3512 10200 6616 5 1000 17:43:51 /usr/bin/bash 9732 1 9732 9732 con 1000 17:45:55 /usr/bin/rxvt 3148 9732 3148 8976 6 1000 17:45:55 /usr/bin/bash 5856 3148 5856 876 6 1000 17:51:00 /usr/bin/vim 7736 924 7736 8036 4 1000 17:53:26 /usr/bin/ps Kyle Hodgson@KyleHodgson-PC ~/winUser/Documents/Repos $ jobs [2]+ Stopped ./co2.sh Kyle Hodgson@KyleHodgson-PC ~/winUser/Documents/Repos $ Here's an strace on the PID of the hung svn program, it's been like this for hours. Looks like its just doing nothing. I keep suspecting that some interruption on the server is causing this; does svn have a locking mechanism I'm not aware of? Kyle Hodgson@KyleHodgson-PC ~/winUser/Documents/Repos $ strace -p 7304 ********************************************** Program name: C:\cygwin\bin\svn.exe (pid 7304, ppid 6408) App version: 1005.25, api: 0.156 DLL version: 1005.25, api: 0.156 DLL build: 2008-06-12 19:34 OS version: Windows NT-6.0 Heap size: 402653184 Date/Time: 2009-07-06 18:20:11 **********************************************

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• how to get bash prompt on login

  - by user419534

  When I connect to remote machine uisng ssh, by default it is not on bash prompt. To get bash prompt by default on login I did as below by create .cshrc file in my home directory if ($?prompt) then setenv SHELL /bin/bash exec $SHELL -login endif It works well and I am getting bash shell but I have another file as .bashrc in my home directory which gets executed when i run bash explicitly and I have done lot of customization in this file as per my requirement. Is it possible to get my .bashrc executed somehow from .cshrc or some other way? For example I need to go connect to host B from host A, I do this From A - ssh B this brings host B but not with bash prompt. To get bash prompt I created .cshrc as mentioned above but my above code snippet does not call my .bashrc script.

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• Best practices for cross platform git config?

  - by Bas Bossink

  Context A number of my application user configuration files are kept in a git repository for easy sharing across multiple machines and multiple platforms. Amongst these configuration files is .gitconfig which contains the following settings for handling the carriage return linefeed characters [core] autocrlf = true safecrlf = false Problem These settings also gets applied on a GNU/Linux platform which causes obscure errors. Question What are some best practices for handling these platform specific differences in configuration files? Proposed solution I realize this problem could be solved by having a branch for each platform and keeping the common stuff in master and merging with the platform branch when master moves forward. I'm wondering if there are any easier solutions to this problem?

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• How can I mark a group of changes/changesets in SVN, Hg, or Git

  - by sylvanaar

  I would like to mark an arbitrary group of commits/changesets with a label. Commit 1 *Mark 1 Commit 2 *Mark 2 Commit 3 Commit 4 *Mark 1 Commit 5 *Mark 2 The goal is to easily locate all the changes for a specific mark, and to have that grouping persisted in the VCS directly, as opposed to some outside system like a bug tracking system. The location and ordering of the marks needs to be arbitrary, and should be able to work with both committed/uncommitted and pushed/unpushed changes. In SVN the best way I know is to just edit the commit notes and add some sort of special text that you can search for e.g. "**Mark 1". Or just to make a fake edit and commit it and use its commit note to list all the included revisions. Is there a better solution for SVN? Are there equivalent or better solutions for Hg or Git?

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• Git fails when pushing commit to github

  - by Steve Melvin

  I cloned a git repo that I have hosted on github to my laptop. I was able to successfully push a couple of commits to github without problem. However, now I get the following error: Compressing objects: 100% (792/792), done. error: RPC failed; result=22, HTTP code = 411 Writing objects: 100% (1148/1148), 18.79 MiB | 13.81 MiB/s, done. Total 1148 (delta 356), reused 944 (delta 214) From here it just hangs and I finally have to ^C back to the terminal.

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• Trying to find a good strategy using Git for personal development on local/personal machine

  - by AJ

  A noob here. I have a personal Macbook and I want to use Git to track the changes etc. I want to just init a repo on my macbook and work there. Is this a good idea? What if: I have a main repo somewhere in my Macbook HD, like, /Users/user/projects/project1 and clone it to another area on my macbook where I actually perform development? But there is a lot of redundancy in this. I am a little confused and want to know what are the usual steps folks take in a similar personal development environment. Thanks a lot.

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• Git repository is out of sync after rebase

  - by Keyo

  I have squashed 2 commits (A and B) into one new commit (C). The previous two commits (A and B) where removed. I pushed these commits from my development repo to a central(bare) repository. The git-log on both repos confirms that commits A and B have been removed. The problem is when I do a pull on a third repository which already had (A and B) it now has all three commits (A, B and C). I would have thought the pull would synchronise these changes. Do I need to checkout A~1 and then merge in the new changes? This seems like a hassle, especially in a production environment.

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• Preview a git push

  - by Saverio Miroddi

  How can I see which commits are actually going to be pushed to a remote repository? As far as I know, whenever I pull master from the remote repository, commits are likely to be generated, even if they're empty. This causes the local master to be 'forward' even if there is really nothing to push. Now, if I try (from master): git cherry origin master I have an idea of what's going to be pushed, though this also display some commits that I've already pushed. Is there a way to display only the new content that's going to be pushed?

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• How to get forkpty to handle redirection and other bash-isms?

  - by Jeremy Friesner

  Hi all, I've got a GUI C++ program that takes a shell command from the user, calls forkpty() and execvp() to execute that command in a child process, while the parent (GUI) process reads the child process's stdout/stderr output and displays it in the GUI. This all works nicely (under Linux and MacOS/X). For example, if the user enters "ls -l /foo", the GUI will display the contents of the /foo folder. However, bash niceties like output redirection aren't handled. For example, if the user enters "echo bar /foo/bar.txt", the child process will output the text "bar /foo/bar.txt", instead of writing the text "bar" to the file "/foo/bar.txt". Presumably this is because execvp() is running the executable command "echo" directly, instead of running /bin/bash and handing it the user's command to massage/preprocess. My question is, what is the correct child process invocation to use, in order to make the system behave exactly as if the user had typed in his string at the bash prompt? I tried wrapping the user's command with a /bin/bash invocation, like this: /bin/bash -c the_string_the_user_entered, but that didn't seem to work. Any hints?

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• How can I view multiple git diffs side by side in vim

  - by Pete Hodgson

  I'd like to be able to run a command that opens up a git diff in vim, with a tab for each file in the diff set. So if for example I've changed files foo.txt and bar.txt in my working tree and I ran the command I would see vim open with two tabs. The first tab would contain a side-by-side diff between foo.txt in my working tree and foo.txt in the repository, and the second tab would contain a side-by-side diff for bar.txt. Anyone got any ideas?

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• how to insert new line in bash shell for variable??

  - by puspa

  I have two variables var1 and var2. The contents of each variables come from bash shell grep command. echo $var1 prints 123 465 326 8080 echo $var2 prints sila kiran hinal juku Now I want to print the above into following formats in Linux bash shell 123 sila 465 kiran 326 hinal 8080 juku So how can I print this way in bash shell??

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• How do I change a Git remote HEAD to point to something besides "master"

  - by jhs

  Short version: How do I set a Git remote's HEAD ref to point to something besides "master"? My project has a policy not to use a "master" branch (all branches are to have meaningful names). Furthermore, the canonical master repository is only accessible via ssh://, with no shell access (like GitHub or Unfuddle). My problem is that the remote repository still has a HEAD reference to refs/heads/master, but I need it to point to a different branch. This is causing two problems: When cloning the repo, there this, warning: remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout. That's confusing and inconvenient. The web-based code browser depends on HEAD as a basis for browsing the tree. I need HEAD to point to a valid branch, then.

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• heroku using git branch is confusing!

  - by Stacia

  Ok, so I have a big github project that i'm not supposed to merge my little Stacia branch into. However, it seems like Heroku only takes pushing MASTER seriously. It looks like I pushed my branch, but for example if I only have my branch, it even acts like there's no code on the server. I can't even get my gems installed since the .gems file is on my branch. Basically I don't even want Heroku to know there's a master. I just want to use my test Stacia branch. But it keeps ignoring my local branch. Is there a way to do this? And again, I don't want to overwrite anything on the main Github repository (eeek!) but it would be ok probably if I had both master and my branch on heroku and merged them there. I am a total git novice (on windows no less) so please bear with me.

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• Git pre-receive hook

  - by Ralphz

  Hi When you enable pre-receive hook for git repository: It takes no arguments, but for each ref to be updated it receives on standard input a line of the format: < old-value SP < new-value SP < ref-name LF where < old-value is the old object name stored in the ref, < new-value is the new object name to be stored in the ref and is the full name of the ref. When creating a new ref, < old-value is 40 0. Does anyone can explain me how do I examine all the files that will be changed in the repository if i allow this commit? I'd like to run that files through some scripts to check syntax and so on. Thanks.

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• Excluding files from being deployed with Capistrano while still under version control with Git

  - by Jimmy Cuadra

  I want to start testing the JavaScript in my Rails apps with qUnit and I'm wondering how to keep the test JavaScript and test runner HTML page under version control (I'm using Git, of course) but keep them off the production server when I deploy the app with Capistrano. My first thought is to let Capistrano send all the code over as usual including the test files, and write a task to delete them at the end of the deployment process. This seems like sort of a hack, though. Is there a cleaner way to tell Capistrano to ignore certain parts of the repository when deploying?

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• Git pack file entry format

  - by Ben Collins

  My understanding of the Git pack file format is something like: Where the table is 32-bits wide, and the first three 32-bit words are the pack file header. The last row of 32 bits are the first 4 bytes of an entry. As I understand it, the size of the entry is specified by consecutive bytes with the MSB set, followed by compressed data. In the first byte whose MSB is not set, is the MSB part of the compressed data, or is it a gap? If it's part of the compressed data, how can you guarantee that when the data is compressed that bit won't be set?

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• Change the current branch to master in git

  - by Karel Bílek

  I have a repository in git. I made a branch, then did some changes both to the master and to the branch. Then, tens of commits later, I realized the branch is in much better state than the master, so I want the branch to "become" the master and disregard the changes on master. I cannot merge it, because I don't want to keep the changes on master. What should I do? (this will very possibly be a duplicate question, since it is trivial, but I have not found it here)

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• How to safely backport specific linux kernel commits to an older kernel using git

  - by superc0w

  I'm currently on a stable 2.6.32 kernel. But I need certain fixes on 2.6.33 branch to be incorporated into this 2.6.32 kernel so that I can create a custom kernel for testing purposes. I can't apply the said fixes directly to the 2.6.32 source because they seem to have dependencies on other fixes. Is there any safe way to incorporate only the fixes (and all their dependencies) I need into the 2.6.32 kernel with git to create a custom kernel? Assuming there is a way to do the above, is there a way to track the fixes that have been applied to the custom kernel (i.e. track which commits have been applied to the 2.6.32 kernel to create the custom kernel source)?

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• Git: how do you merge with remote repo?

  - by Marco

  Please help me understand how git works. I clone my remote repository on two different machines. I edit the same file on both machines. I successfully commit and push the update from the first machine to the remote repository. I then try to push the update on the second machine, but get an error: ! [rejected] master -> master (non-fast-forward) I understand why I received the error. How can I merge my changes into the remote repo? Do I need to pull the remote repo first?

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