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• Recommended apps for securing/protecting a new desktop machine install?

  - by Eddie Parker

  I'm hoping to harness the collective tips of superuser to gather recommended apps/configurations to keep a new desktop clean, virus free, and hopefully lower software rot. I ask because I've recently come across tools like dropbox, deepfreeze, returnil, etc, and I'm curious what other ones are out there to protect a new box. I personally am interested in Windows, but feel free to comment on whatever OS you'd like, freeware or otherwise. Ideally specify the OS in your answer(s). One answer per program please. Then, rather than duplicate posts, vote for the program if it is already listed. UPDATE: It's been noted that there are other questions similar to this one [1], so I'd ask that these answers focus on security and protection. [1] Related questions: http://superuser.com/questions/1241/what-are-some-must-have-windows-programs http://superuser.com/questions/1191/what-are-some-must-have-mac-os-x-programs http://superuser.com/questions/1430/must-have-linux-software http://superuser.com/questions/3855/must-have-networking-security-tools

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• awstats parse of postfix mail log drops all records

  - by accidental admin

  I'm trying to get awstats to parse the postfix mail log, but it drops allmost all entries with messages like: Corrupted record (date 20091204042837 lower than 20091211065829-20000): 2009-12-04 04:28:37 root root localhost 127.0.0.1 SMTP - 1 17480 Few more are dropped with an invalid LogFormat: Corrupted record line 24 (record format does not match LogFormat parameter): 2009-11-16 04: 28:22 root root localhost 127.0.0.1 SMTP - 14755 My conf LogFormat="%time2 %email %email_r %host %host_r %method %url %code %bytesd" I believe matches the log format (and besides is the log format I've seen everywhere for awstats mail parsing). Besides, is the same entry format as all the other entries in the mail log. Whatever is left is dropped too: Dropped record (host localhost and 127.0.0.1 not qualified by SkipHosts): 2009-12-07 04:28:36 root root localhost 127.0.0.1 SMTP - 1 17152 I added SkipHosts="" to the .conf file but to no avail. I feel like awstats really has some personal quarrel with me today.

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• How to maintain PCI compliance on a LAMP server when repositories don't keep up with versions

  - by Jared Green

  We run Ubuntu Lucid 10.0.4 as the foundation of our LAMP environment. We are trying to become PCI compliant so that we can pass CC info through our server. We have run some third-party scans on our servers to begin the certification process and have run into errors regarding PHP 5 versions and Apache versions. The latest PHP version hosted in our official lucid repository is about 10 versions lower than what PCI compliance requires. How do we upgrade to stay current with PCI compliance requirements? We need to get from php 5.3.2 to php 5.3.15 As well as up to apache 2.2.23 I've searched far and wide for an answer and haven't come up with a realistic answer. Some recommend compiling manually - which sounds like a nightmare, and others recommend a PPA - which sounds insecure. What should we do?

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• What is the command to check if a command's results mention OK?

  - by Manuel

  Alright, so I was playing around with changing MTU size and wanted to make a batch file to automatically lower it and then raise it later. This is probably simple, but I just can't figure it out. Point is, is there a way to run a command, which would normally echo out "ok" but check to see if it does say ok? And if it doesn't say ok then, to end the rest of the file from running and exit out. The command I'm using is netsh interface ipv4 set subinterface "Local Area Connection" mtu=386 store=persistent which, as I mentioned above prints out an OK. I just want to check if it did run correctly, and if not, then do __

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• Hyper-V Manager right clicking on remote VM causes MMC error

  - by Greg Bray

  I have a Windows 2008 R2 Enterprise Server with SP1 that I log into and use to manage virtual machines running on multiple HyperV servers on our domain. Sometimes when I right click on a remote VM the HyperV Manager will crash and display the following error message: If I use the Actions menu on the lower right it works just fine, but for some reason right clicking cause MMC to stop working. Is there any way to fix this issue? Here are the full details of the error message. Description: Stopped working Problem signature: Problem Event Name: CLR20r3 Problem Signature 01: mmc.exe Problem Signature 02: 6.1.7600.16385 Problem Signature 03: 4a5bc808 Problem Signature 04: Microsoft.Virtualization.Client Problem Signature 05: 6.1.0.0 Problem Signature 06: 4ce7c9e3 Problem Signature 07: 342 Problem Signature 08: 1f Problem Signature 09: System.OverflowException OS Version: 6.1.7601.2.1.0.274.10 Locale ID: 1033 Read our privacy statement online: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=104288&clcid=0x0409 If the online privacy statement is not available, please read our privacy statement offline: C:\Windows\system32\en-US\erofflps.txt

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• How can I prevent my volume from changing when initiating a Skype call?

  - by Daniel

  I already know about the option in Control Panel Sound Communications, so please don't bother pointing me there. I am using the Skype Modern UI app and whenever I start a call, it lowers the volume of anything else that I have active. How can I resolve this issue? Also, not sure if this is related, but any Modern UI music apps also lower their own volume when they are not in the foreground. This seems relevant: http://blogs.msdn.com/b/windowsappdev/archive/2012/08/23/media-playback-what-you-need-to-know-about-playing-media-to-make-your-app-shine-in-windows-8.aspx

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• Good default for XDG_RUNTIME_DIR?

  - by cadrian

  The XDG Base Directory Specification is a very interesting spec for user directories. It also provides good default values, except for XDG_RUNTIME_DIR. Now I am writing a software that needs to create named pipes. It is a per-user client-server framework (there is a FIFO for the server and a FIFO per client). If XDG_RUNTIME_DIR is not defined, I am currently using a per-user subdirectory in /tmp — but it does not ensure all the specified conditions (viz. the paragraph starting with "The lifetime of the directory MUST be bound to the user being logged in…") Is /tmp/myserver-$USER good enough? Edit I saw elsewhere a few suggestions: . is quite unsatisfactory (at least because it is not an absolute path). I also saw /var/run/user/$USER — not bad, but that directory does not exist (at least on my box running a Debian testing)

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• Do superuser's prefer business grade or consumer grade PCs?

  - by joelhaus

  Having burned through a number of consumer grade laptops in recent years, I'm wondering if the additional cost of a business grade computer is a worth while investment. I'm considering getting a laptop with slightly lower specs to justify the added cost. The primary benefits I see are: (i) the notebook will be more reliable, (ii) have a longer life and (iii) the warranty (parts and labor) will be 3 years instead of 1 year. Are there any other considerations one should keep in mind when shopping for a business grade PC? Is purchasing direct from the manufacturer wise or are there other options that should be considered too? Thanks in advance!

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• Ubuntu: Take actions when system temperature gets too high

  - by Josh

  One of the CPU fans on my Compaq Presario laptop running Ubuntu 9.10 seems to have bit the dust. The fan is deep within the case and I intend to replace the laptop in the next 6 months so it's not worth replacing it. I have the laptop on a cooling pad and most of the time the system is fine, CPU temps around 90°-110°F. Occasionally, however, I'm seeing random lockups which I believe is due to the system overheating. How can I configure the system to: Lower the CPU speed when the temperature reaches a certain level? (I.E. 110°F) Shutdown the system when the tempature reaches a critical level? (And what would that be? 130°?)

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• Mini-ITX board for AM3 Athlon X4 600e processor.

  - by Kamil Zadora

  Hello, I am planning to build a PC to control a robotic platform that I am building (about 50% complete). I need more power than ATOM platform could bring, as the robot will need to do on the fly image processing to work as intended. I was considering using Athlon X4 600e as it is rated 45W Maximum output. Probably underclocked it would go lower than 30-35W. I do not I'am at very long battery life, but the 17Ah, 12V battery should keep it running for few hours. My problem is: motherboard. I am space limited so I am looking for a nice mini-itx AM3 motherboard to match the processor. It is hard to find many tests about power usage of the motherboards itself (for example, when using the same processor on different motherboards, test are usualy done in the opposite matter). Could you provide any motherboard examples or suggest what chipset to look for? Thank you in advance.

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• Why does storage's performance change at various queue depths?

  - by Mxx

  I'm in the market for a storage upgrade for our servers. I'm looking at benchmarks of various PCIe SSD devices and in comparisons I see that IOPS change at various queue depths. How can that be and why is that happening? The way I understand things is: I have a device with maximum (theoretical) of 100k IOPS. If my workload consistently produces 100,001 IOPS, I'll have a queue depth of 1, am I correct? However, from what I see in benchmarks some devices run slower at lower queue depths, then speedup at depth of 4-64 and then slow down again at even larger depths. Isn't queue depths a property of OS(or perhaps storage controller), so why would that affect IOPS?

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• Repercussions of Raising Domain Functional Level to 2008 on Mac computers running 10.6.2 with OD

  - by JohnyV

  We have recently replaced all of our 2003 server domain controllers to 2008 r2 and have tried to implement PSO's but have found that the domain functional level must be raised to 2008. We have a mac server in our environment that runs open directory and it is integrated into AD. Does anyone know if I do raise the domain functional level (which makes sense since we only have 2008 r2 domain controllers) what the repercussions (if any) there will be on the macs in the environment? Macs are running 10.6.2 and mac server runs the same. Mac server is running OD and also bound to AD.

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• Sound stopped working on Toshiba Satelite C855

  - by Eric Wilson

  I have a Toshiba Satallite C855 running Windows 7 with a Realtek High Definition Audio card. Sound worked fine yesterday. Today, my two-year old did something to the machine, and I have no sound. I have adjusted sound through the icon in the lower right corner, and using the Fn keys. I have rebooted. I've verified that there are no external speakers plugged in to the laptop. It seems that this model does not have an external volume control. (If it does I can't find it.) Any ideas?

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• Performance affects of compressing Program Files on Windows / NTFS

  - by SRobertJames

  What are the performance affects of compressing Program Files on Windows NTFS? On a fast, multicore machine, the overhead of decompression is minimal. Machines are generally disk bound, and if you can reduce the disk load by compression, you often speed things up. (Microsoft says that the built in compression of Windows Search indexes actually improves speed for this reason.) On the other hand, Windows' virtual memory is complicated. Perhaps if files are compressed, they can't be paged out simply. And there may be other issues. In short: On a fast, multicore machine with a relatively slow disk, what performance affects will compressing Program Files have?

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• How to interpret the bash command "usage" syntax?

  - by raoulsson

  How exactly do you have to interpret the output of a commands "usage" output, in bash for example. For example, on my OS X, cp gives me usage: cp [-R [-H | -L | -P]] [-fi | -n] [-apvX] source_file target_file cp [-R [-H | -L | -P]] [-fi | -n] [-apvX] source_file ... target_directory What does the nested options, like -H within -R, indicate? Does upper and lower case have any meaning? When is an argument optional, required? I need to implement a telnet command line against a program of mine and I would like to get this straight.

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• Does stunnel prevent non ssl traffic to "the" specified port?

  - by user432024

  So say I have an arbitrary tcp port 12345 and it's non ssl and I want to put stunnel to secure traffic to it. When stunnel is in front of it does it mean that this port is now tls/ssl only? Or can you still connect to it unencrypted? Basically I want to make sure that this port can only be accessed through ssl/tls and stunel and no other way. Clarification I want to make sure only stunnel port is open. Which is answered in the comments that the unsecured port should be fire-walled but preferably bound to localhost.

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• X-Window Modeline for high resolution modes on NEC LCD 22WV monitor

  - by Jakub Narebski

  What should look like X Window System (X.Org) modeline to be put in xorg.conf, for high resolution (incuding recommended 1680x1050 @ 50Hz resolution) for 22" NEC LCD 22WV monitor? X.Org autodetect correctly only 800x600 and lower resolution SVGA modes, unfortunately. How can I generate proper "Modeline" line for xorg.conf? Is information included in NEC_Datasheet_LCD22WV-english.pdf enough (found on NEC LCD 22WV product info page)? What tools there are available to generate proper modeline for a LCD monitor for Linux? MS Windows (MS Windows XP Home) correctly detects and use 1680x1050 resolution; can I somehow get modeline information from MS Windows?

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• What is the current state of development for the FLAC codec?

  - by TwentyMiles

  I have a pretty large collection of FLAC files created from my CD collection. I love the FLAC format and the sound quality that you can get from it. Lately, however, I've been trying to write a few tools to manipulate the files and I've been noticing what seems to be a stagnation of the community around the codec. Some of the links on the official FLAC page point to thing that are no longer relevant (7digital, for example, appears to no longer sell FLAC encoded songs). It's pretty hard to find hardware players that support FLAC any more (most noticeably it's not present on lower end players when it used to be, and playback is absent on Android). Programming language tools (Java and .NET libraries) are at best old, and at worst unfinished. What's the current state of FLAC development? Has it been replaced by another codec?

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• Error with FTP since binding via httpcfg

  - by Linda

  I was in a similar posistion to this question and bound two IP addresses using httpcfg. Since doing this ftp does not seem to be working on IIS6 in Windows Server 2003. Any ideas what could be wrong? The command I ran was: httpcfg set iplisten -i xxx.xxx.x.x I get the following when I try to conenct via Filezilla: Error: Connection timed out Error: Failed to retrieve directory listing The log file is returning the following: #Software: Microsoft Internet Information Services 6.0 #Version: 1.0 #Date: 2009-08-17 13:54:05 #Fields: date time c-ip cs-username cs-method cs-uri-stem sc-status sc-win32-status 2009-08-17 13:54:05 91.85.70.17 Client [1]USER Client 331 0 2009-08-17 13:54:05 91.85.70.17 Client [1]PASS - 230 0 In the ftp site settings I have the site pointing to the IP address used using httpcfg and the port set to 21. Update: I can see a directory listing if I connect via the inbuilt commandline ftp client in wondows vista. If I try to connect via a windows explorer I start in the incorrect folder and no files are listed just directories.

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• How would I modify this ffmpeg command to include 4 videos?

  - by Michael Shnitzer

  Say I had 4 videos with the following names: Main Video.mov Top Left.mov Top Right.mov Top Mid.mov and I wanted to have "Main Video" play with a picture in picture effect with boxes of videos playing in the top left, top right and top mid. Each box would have the video that is similarly named. This command will do picture in picture for 2 videos, with one video in the lower right. ffmpeg -i 2013-07-31\ 231548.MOV -vf "movie=2013-07-31\ 231722.MOV, scale=iw/5:ih/5 [small]; [in][small] overlay=main_w*0.77:main_h*0.77 [out]" -strict -2 output.mov Can someone help me update this command to work with the 4 files I mentioned above? Thanks

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• How can I access my music anywhere?

  - by musicfreak

  So here's the idea: I use multiple computers on an almost daily basis. I would like to be able to access my entire music library from any of those computers through the Internet. Is there a service or perhaps some software that would allow me to host my music "in the cloud", or in some other way access it from a different computer? I've searched for something like this and the closest I've found is the Media Player application found in Opera Unite, but that requires my home computer to be turned on at all times, which is less than ideal. I'm willing to pay, but not so much that I could just rent a private server for a lower price. Thanks in advance.

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• How do I align the bottom edges of two monitors with xrandr?

  - by denaje

  I have two outputs that I'd like to use on my laptop: LVDS1 - 1366x768 HDMI1 - 1920x1080 I set my monitors up like so: xrandr --output LVDS1 --auto --output HDMI1 --auto --right-of LVDS1 This is all well and good, but my laptop sits considerably lower than my external monitor, and with the top edges of the screens being aligned, it makes the jump from one screen to the other rather unintuitive. Is there a way I can align the bottom edges instead? I thought I could use the --pos flag to do this, but I have tried and not seen any difference (perhaps I do not know how to use it properly). EDIT: Solved. Thanks to tink's link, I deconstructed the Python script and discovered the way to do this is as follows: xrandr --output LVDS1 --pos 0x312 # 312 = 1280 - 768 xrandr --output HDMI1 --pos 1366x0 Not sure I understand exactly what the --pos flags are doing here, but it at least works!

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• Memory cache Ubuntu 9.10 server x86 doesn't work as expected

  - by Matthijs

  We're using an Ubuntu 9.10 server to transfer Ghost-image files. We configured it only with Samba. And the DOS-clients connect to Samba. The latest updates are installed and so far the servers is running fine. When we image 10 pc's with the same image of 2 files of 2GB there's no disk activity. Everything is loaded in the RAM. There's 4GB in the server. But when we use 2 pc's with 2 different image files of 500 MB (8x) files then there's a lot of continuous disk activity. The speed is lower. So it seems that Ubuntu doesn't cache more then one big file. Are there settings to change this behaviour?

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• arcserve vs backup exec vray

  - by Luigi

  I have to buy one backup software to backup a vmware environment with the following server/applications: mixed microsoft windows 2003/2008/2012 server standard environment sql server 2005/2008 mixed linux centos/ubuntu servers postgresql sap environment exchange 2007 linux fileservers windows fileservers active directory random applications/sqlserver/fileserver on workstations xp/7/8 my hardware is: 5 blades on ibm bladecenter, various san, lto4 on 4gbit fiber channel connected to a windows2003 blade where I will install the backup software (backupexec or arcserve). What are your advice and comments over backupexec vray or arcserve choice ? I know that arcserve have a lower price. I used backup exec for some years but I found it pretty complicated. Thank you.

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• video streaming infrastructure advice

  - by Alchemical

  We would like to set-up a live video-chat web site and are looking for basic recomendations for software and hardware set-up. Most streams will be broadcast live from a single person with a web cam, etc., and viewed by typically 1-10 people, although there could be up to 100+ viewers on the high side. Audio and video do not have to be super-high quality, but do need to be "good enough". The main point is to convey the basic info in the video (and audio). If occasionally the frame-rate drops low and then goes back to normal fairly soon, we could live with that. Budget is an issue, so we are in general looking for a lower cost solution that will give us most of what we need in temers of performance and quality. We are looking at Peer1 for co-lo. The rest of our web site will be .Net / Windows platform. We are open to looking at any platform for the best streaming solution, although our technical expertise is currently more on the Windows side.

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