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• How to manage memory using classes in Objective-C?

  - by Flipper

  This is my first time creating an iPhone App and I am having difficulty with the memory management because I have never had to deal with it before. I have a UITableViewController and it all works fine until I try to scroll down in the simulator. It crashes saying that it cannot allocate that much memory. I have narrowed it down to where the crash is occurring: - (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)aTableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { // Dequeue or create a cell UITableViewCellStyle style = UITableViewCellStyleDefault; UITableViewCell *cell = [aTableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:@"BaseCell"]; if (!cell) cell = [[[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:style reuseIdentifier:@"BaseCell"] autorelease]; NSString* crayon; // Retrieve the crayon and its color if (aTableView == self.tableView) { crayon = [[[self.sectionArray objectAtIndex:indexPath.section] objectAtIndex:indexPath.row] getName]; } else { crayon = [FILTEREDKEYS objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]; } cell.textLabel.text = crayon; if (![crayon hasPrefix:@"White"]) cell.textLabel.textColor = [self.crayonColors objectForKey:crayon]; else cell.textLabel.textColor = [UIColor blackColor]; return cell; } Here is the getName method: - (NSString*)getName { return name; } name is defined as: @property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *name; Now sectionArray is an NSMutableArray with instances of a class that I created Term in it. Term has a method getName that returns a NSString*. The problem seems to be the part of where crayon is being set and getName is being called. I have tried adding autorelease, release, and other stuff like that but that just causes the entire app to crash before even launching. Also if I do: cell.textLabel.text = @"test"; //crayon; /*if (![crayon hasPrefix:@"White"]) cell.textLabel.textColor = [self.crayonColors objectForKey:crayon]; else cell.textLabel.textColor = [UIColor blackColor];*/ Then I get no error whatsoever and it all scrolls just fine. Thanks in advance for the help! Edit: Here is the full Log of when I try to run the app and the error it gives when it crashes: [Session started at 2010-12-29 04:23:38 -0500.] [Session started at 2010-12-29 04:23:44 -0500.] GNU gdb 6.3.50-20050815 (Apple version gdb-967) (Tue Jul 14 02:11:58 UTC 2009) Copyright 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc. GDB is free software, covered by the GNU General Public License, and you are welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of it under certain conditions. Type "show copying" to see the conditions. There is absolutely no warranty for GDB. Type "show warranty" for details. This GDB was configured as "i386-apple-darwin".sharedlibrary apply-load-rules all Attaching to process 1429. gdb-i386-apple-darwin(1430,0x778720) malloc: * mmap(size=1420296192) failed (error code=12) error: can't allocate region ** set a breakpoint in malloc_error_break to debug gdb stack crawl at point of internal error: [ 0 ] /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/libexec/gdb/gdb-i386-apple-darwin (align_down+0x0) [0x1222d8] [ 1 ] /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/libexec/gdb/gdb-i386-apple-darwin (xstrvprintf+0x0) [0x12336c] [ 2 ] /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/libexec/gdb/gdb-i386-apple-darwin (xmalloc+0x28) [0x12358f] [ 3 ] /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/libexec/gdb/gdb-i386-apple-darwin (dyld_info_read_raw_data+0x50) [0x1659af] [ 4 ] /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/libexec/gdb/gdb-i386-apple-darwin (dyld_info_read+0x1bc) [0x168a58] [ 5 ] /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/libexec/gdb/gdb-i386-apple-darwin (macosx_dyld_update+0xbf) [0x168c9c] [ 6 ] /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/libexec/gdb/gdb-i386-apple-darwin (macosx_solib_add+0x36b) [0x169fcc] [ 7 ] /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/libexec/gdb/gdb-i386-apple-darwin (macosx_child_attach+0x478) [0x17dd11] [ 8 ] /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/libexec/gdb/gdb-i386-apple-darwin (attach_command+0x5d) [0x64ec5] [ 9 ] /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/libexec/gdb/gdb-i386-apple-darwin (mi_cmd_target_attach+0x4c) [0x15dbd] [ 10 ] /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/libexec/gdb/gdb-i386-apple-darwin (captured_mi_execute_command+0x16d) [0x17427] [ 11 ] /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/libexec/gdb/gdb-i386-apple-darwin (catch_exception+0x41) [0x7a99a] [ 12 ] /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/usr/libexec/gdb/gdb-i386-apple-darwin (mi_execute_command+0xa9) [0x16f63] /SourceCache/gdb/gdb-967/src/gdb/utils.c:1144: internal-error: virtual memory exhausted: can't allocate 1420296192 bytes. A problem internal to GDB has been detected, further debugging may prove unreliable. The Debugger has exited with status 1.The Debugger has exited with status 1. Here is the backtrace that I get when I set the breakpoint for malloc_error_break: #0 0x0097a68c in objc_msgSend () #1 0x01785bef in -[UILabel setText:] () #2 0x000030e0 in -[TableViewController tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath:] (self=0x421d760, _cmd=0x29cfad8, aTableView=0x4819600, indexPath=0x42190f0) at /Volumes/Main2/Enayet/TableViewController.m:99 #3 0x016cee0c in -[UITableView(UITableViewInternal) _createPreparedCellForGlobalRow:withIndexPath:] () #4 0x016c6a43 in -[UITableView(UITableViewInternal) _createPreparedCellForGlobalRow:] () #5 0x016d954f in -[UITableView(_UITableViewPrivate) _updateVisibleCellsNow] () #6 0x016d08ff in -[UITableView layoutSubviews] () #7 0x03e672b0 in -[CALayer layoutSublayers] () #8 0x03e6706f in CALayerLayoutIfNeeded () #9 0x03e668c6 in CA::Context::commit_transaction () #10 0x03e6653a in CA::Transaction::commit () #11 0x03e6e838 in CA::Transaction::observer_callback () #12 0x00b00252 in __CFRunLoopDoObservers () #13 0x00aff65f in CFRunLoopRunSpecific () #14 0x00afec48 in CFRunLoopRunInMode () #15 0x00156615 in GSEventRunModal () #16 0x001566da in GSEventRun () #17 0x01689faf in UIApplicationMain () #18 0x00002398 in main (argc=1, argv=0xbfffefb0) at /Volumes/Main2/Enayet/main.m:14

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• Using WeakReference to resolve issue with .NET unregistered event handlers causing memory leaks.

  - by Eric

  The problem: Registered event handlers create a reference from the event to the event handler's instance. If that instance fails to unregister the event handler (via Dispose, presumably), then the instance memory will not be freed by the garbage collector. Example: class Foo { public event Action AnEvent; public void DoEvent() { if (AnEvent != null) AnEvent(); } } class Bar { public Bar(Foo l) { l.AnEvent += l_AnEvent; } void l_AnEvent() { } } If I instantiate a Foo, and pass this to a new Bar constructor, then let go of the Bar object, it will not be freed by the garbage collector because of the AnEvent registration. I consider this a memory leak, and seems just like my old C++ days. I can, of course, make Bar IDisposable, unregister the event in the Dispose() method, and make sure to call Dispose() on instances of it, but why should I have to do this? I first question why events are implemented with strong references? Why not use weak references? An event is used to abstractly notify an object of changes in another object. It seems to me that if the event handler's instance is no longer in use (i.e., there are no non-event references to the object), then any events that it is registered with should automatically be unregistered. What am I missing? I have looked at WeakEventManager. Wow, what a pain. Not only is it very difficult to use, but its documentation is inadequate (see http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.weakeventmanager.aspx -- noticing the "Notes to Inheritors" section that has 6 vaguely described bullets). I have seen other discussions in various places, but nothing I felt I could use. I propose a simpler solution based on WeakReference, as described here. My question is: Does this not meet the requirements with significantly less complexity? To use the solution, the above code is modified as follows: class Foo { public WeakReferenceEvent AnEvent = new WeakReferenceEvent(); internal void DoEvent() { AnEvent.Invoke(); } } class Bar { public Bar(Foo l) { l.AnEvent += l_AnEvent; } void l_AnEvent() { } } Notice two things: 1. The Foo class is modified in two ways: The event is replaced with an instance of WeakReferenceEvent, shown below; and the invocation of the event is changed. 2. The Bar class is UNCHANGED. No need to subclass WeakEventManager, implement IWeakEventListener, etc. OK, so on to the implementation of WeakReferenceEvent. This is shown here. Note that it uses the generic WeakReference that I borrowed from here: http://damieng.com/blog/2006/08/01/implementingweakreferencet I had to add Equals() and GetHashCode() to his class, which I include below for reference. class WeakReferenceEvent { public static WeakReferenceEvent operator +(WeakReferenceEvent wre, Action handler) { wre._delegates.Add(new WeakReference<Action>(handler)); return wre; } public static WeakReferenceEvent operator -(WeakReferenceEvent wre, Action handler) { foreach (var del in wre._delegates) if (del.Target == handler) { wre._delegates.Remove(del); return wre; } return wre; } HashSet<WeakReference<Action>> _delegates = new HashSet<WeakReference<Action>>(); internal void Invoke() { HashSet<WeakReference<Action>> toRemove = null; foreach (var del in _delegates) { if (del.IsAlive) del.Target(); else { if (toRemove == null) toRemove = new HashSet<WeakReference<Action>>(); toRemove.Add(del); } } if (toRemove != null) foreach (var del in toRemove) _delegates.Remove(del); } } public class WeakReference<T> : IDisposable { private GCHandle handle; private bool trackResurrection; public WeakReference(T target) : this(target, false) { } public WeakReference(T target, bool trackResurrection) { this.trackResurrection = trackResurrection; this.Target = target; } ~WeakReference() { Dispose(); } public void Dispose() { handle.Free(); GC.SuppressFinalize(this); } public virtual bool IsAlive { get { return (handle.Target != null); } } public virtual bool TrackResurrection { get { return this.trackResurrection; } } public virtual T Target { get { object o = handle.Target; if ((o == null) || (!(o is T))) return default(T); else return (T)o; } set { handle = GCHandle.Alloc(value, this.trackResurrection ? GCHandleType.WeakTrackResurrection : GCHandleType.Weak); } } public override bool Equals(object obj) { var other = obj as WeakReference<T>; return other != null && Target.Equals(other.Target); } public override int GetHashCode() { return Target.GetHashCode(); } } It's functionality is trivial. I override operator + and - to get the += and -= syntactic sugar matching events. These create WeakReferences to the Action delegate. This allows the garbage collector to free the event target object (Bar in this example) when nobody else is holding on to it. In the Invoke() method, simply run through the weak references and call their Target Action. If any dead (i.e., garbage collected) references are found, remove them from the list. Of course, this only works with delegates of type Action. I tried making this generic, but ran into the missing where T : delegate in C#! As an alternative, simply modify class WeakReferenceEvent to be a WeakReferenceEvent, and replace the Action with Action. Fix the compiler errors and you have a class that can be used like so: class Foo { public WeakReferenceEvent<int> AnEvent = new WeakReferenceEvent<int>(); internal void DoEvent() { AnEvent.Invoke(5); } } Hopefully this will help someone else when they run into the mystery .NET event memory leak!

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• Control.EndInvoke resets call stack for exception

  - by Brian Rasmussen

  I don't do a lot of Windows GUI programming, so this may all be common knowledge to people more familiar with WinForms than I am. Unfortunately I have not been able to find any resources to explain the issue, I encountered today during debugging. If we call EndInvoke on an async delegate. We will get any exception thrown during execution of the method re-thrown. The call stack will reflect the original source of the exception. However, if we do something similar on a Windows.Forms.Control, the implementation of Control.EndInvoke resets the call stack. This can be observed by a simple test or by looking at the code in Reflector. The relevant code excerpt from EndInvoke is here: if (entry.exception != null) { throw entry.exception; } I understand that Begin/EndInvoke on Control and async delegates are different, but I would have expected similar behavior on Control.EndInvoke. Is there any reason Control doesn't do whatever it is async delegates do to preserve the original call stack?

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• Webservice creates Stack Overflow

  - by mouthpiec

  I have an application that when executed as a windows application works fine, but when converted to a webservice, in some instances (which were tested successfully) by the windows app) creates a stack overflow. Do you have an idea of what can cause this? (Note that it works fine when the web service is placed on the localhost). Could it be that the stack size of a Web Service is smaller than that of a Window Application? UPDATE The below is the code in which I am getting a stack overflow error private bool CheckifPixelsNeighbour(Pixel c1, Pixel c2, int DistanceAllowed) { bool Neighbour = false; if ((Math.Abs(c1.X - c2.X) <= DistanceAllowed) && Math.Abs(c1.Y - c2.Y) <= DistanceAllowed) { Neighbour = true; } return Neighbour; }

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• Any reason not to always log stack traces?

  - by Chris Knight

  Encountered a frustrating problem in our application today which came down to an ArrayIndexOutOfBounds exception being thrown. The exception's type was just about all that was logged which is fairly useless (but, oh dear legacy app, we still love you, mostly). I've redeployed the application with a change which logs the stack trace on exception handling (and immediately found the root cause of the problem) and wondered why no one else did this before. Do you generally log the stack trace and is there any reason you wouldn't do this? Bonus points if you can explain (why, not how) the rationale behind having to jump hoops in java to get a string representation of a stack trace!

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• try-catch in JavaScript : how to get stack trace or line number of the original error

  - by Greg Bala

  When using TRY-CATCH in JavaScript, how to get the line number of the line that caused the error? On many browsers, the below code will work great and I will get the stack trace that points to the actual line that throw the exception. However, some browsers do not have "e.stack". Iphone's safari is one example. Is there someway to get the line number that will work for all browsers? try { // lots of code here var i = v.WillGenerateError; // how to get this line number in catch?? // lots of code here } catch (e) { alert (e.stack) // this will not work on iPhone, for example } Many thanks!

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• UINavigationController: How do I delete a view of a stack

  - by Harry Pham

  Let say here is my stack layout View3 --> Top of the stack View2 View1 HomeView --> Bottom of the stack So I am in View3 now, if I click the Home button, I want to load HomeView, meaning that I need to pop View3, View2, and View1. But if I pop View3, View2 will be displayed. I dont want that. I want View3, View2, and View1 be removed, and HomeView will be displayed. Any idea how?

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• Working on WPF application Memory Profiling

  - by akjoshi

  Today, I am going to start with the task of memory profiling the WPF application, on which I am working from past few months. I have successfully done this in past, fixing a lot of memory leaks and improving the performance of WPF applications; As in past, I am hopeful of fixing some very interesting bugs and improve the application performance. I am very excited as current application is very different from the previous WPF applications I had profiled, all the previous application were pure WPF...(read more)

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• Can I monitor a service's memory/cpu usage on OpenSolaris?

  - by Phillip Oldham

  What would be the best way to monitor a service's memory/load on the OpenSolaris platform so that one can send alerts and automate service management (restarts, etc) based on "rules"? On the linux platform I use Monit, but since OpenSolaris has SMF I thought there may be a complimentary service "built-in" if SMF doesn't have those features and I'd prefer to use a standard OpenSolaris app if there is one.

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• Two memory sticks, both of which are 256 MB, but still shows 256 MB?

  - by Shore

  Two memory sticks, both of which are 256 MB, but still shows 256 MB? What is the reason?

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• Hitachi Enters Unified Computing Stack Market With New Blade Server

  It doesn't quite have all the pieces like Sun and Cisco do, but the Japanese systems giant is offering its own all-in-one blade server solution with a potent ally: Microsoft.

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• Service Stack

  - by csharp-source.net

  ServiceStack allows you to build re-usable SOA-style web services with plain POCO DataContract classes. The same DTO's can be shared with a .NET client application eliminating the need for any generated code. With no configuration required, web services created are immediately discoverable and callable via the following supported endpoints: - REST and XML - REST and JSON - SOAP 1.1 / 1.2 Services can run on both Mono and the .NET Framework and be hosted in either a ASP.NET Web Application, a Windows Service or Console application.

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• LEMP Stack on Ubuntu Server 13.04 not parsing PHP Switch Statement Properly

  - by schester

  On my Ubuntu 12.04 Server LTS on nginx 1.1.19, the following PHP code works properly: switch($_SESSION['user']['permissions']) { case 9: echo "Super Admin Privileges"; break; case 0: echo "Operator Privileges"; break; case 1: echo "Line Leader Privileges"; break; case 2: echo "Supervisor Privileges"; break; case 3: echo "Engineer Privileges"; break; case 4: echo "Manager Privileges"; break; case 5: echo "Administrator Privileges"; break; default: echo "Operator Privileges"; } However, I have a backup server running Ubuntu Server 13.04 on nginx 1.4.1 which has the exact same copy of the script (synced) but instead of breaking on the break; command, it echos the whole php script. The output on the 12.04 Box is similar to this: You are logged in with Super Admin Privileges But on the 13.04 Box, the output is like this: You are logged in logged in with Super Admin Privileges"; break; case 0: echo "Operator Privileges"; break; case 1: echo "Line Leader Privileges"; break; case 2: echo "Supervisor Privileges"; break; case 3: echo "Engineer Privileges"; break; case 4: echo "Manager Privileges"; break; case 5: echo "Administrator Privileges"; break; default: echo "Operator Privileges"; } ?> I have also tried changing the script from switch statement to if statements but same results. Any idea what is wrong?

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• Article: Build an Enterprise-Grade PHP Stack with Zend Server and Oracle Database 11g

  - by OracleTechnologyNetwork

  Learn the quick way to create a Oracle/PHP/Apache/Linux (OPAL) development and deployment environment. Updated for Zend Server 1.4.

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• What would cause JBoss to take up 4 more GB of memory than what is allocated?

  - by Ichorus

  Relevant part of the start up line: java -server -Xms10G -Xmx10G -XX:PermSize=1G -XX:MaxPermSize=1G This instance ended up taking up 16GB of memory and 10GB of swap before killing the server. Any ideas on what could cause that? This is the only major application running on a RedHat system with 16GB RAM and 10GB swap.

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• The C++ web stack, is there one?

  - by NimChimpsky

  Java would be jsps and servlets (or a framework such as Spring) running on the JVM and tomcat (or glassfish etc). C# would be asp and C# running on dot.net framework and IIS ? (I have no experience with this please correct and improve my terminology) Is there an equivalent for C++ ? I could happily call some C++ from a java servlet/controller but was wondering if there are existing frameworks and libraries out there specifically for creating business logic in C++ with a web front end.

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• IIS8 Memory Improvements

  - by The Official Microsoft IIS Site

  There is a lot of buzz in the Internet Information Services (IIS) community about IIS 8, the version of IIS that is included with Windows Server 2012. While there are plenty of new features in IIS 8, for this writing I am going to focus on the memory improvements that you will see for the application pools. Memory is a key resource on an IIS server as it is often the first limiting factor if you planned your CPU and disk requirements appropriately. I was fortunate to be able to attend TechEd North...(read more)

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• Up Close: "Top of the Stack"

  Ray Payne, OAUG president, talks about embracing changes in technology.

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• CVE-2012-3410 stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Bash

  - by RitwikGhoshal

  CVE DescriptionCVSSv2 Base ScoreComponentProduct and Resolution CVE-2012-3410 Buffer overflow vulnerability 4.6 Bash Solaris 11 Contact Support Solaris 10 SPARC: 126546-04 X86: 126547-04 Solaris 9 Contact Support This notification describes vulnerabilities fixed in third-party components that are included in Oracle's product distributions.Information about vulnerabilities affecting Oracle products can be found on Oracle Critical Patch Updates and Security Alerts page.

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• the web technology stack is too deep [closed]

  - by AgostinoX

  A standard state-of-the-art project requires at least jsf + spring + faces palette + orm. That's a lot of stuff. Also frameworks like spring misses to bring to the point of starting developing. Otherwise, things like spring-roo wuoldn't even exist. The solution to this may be buy support. Have dedicated people doing integration. Switch to ruby on rails. Switch to dot.net. Since this is a problem, I'm intrested in HOW people address this (java ee) specific concern.

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• How to create a recovery partition in memory

  - by Luis Alvarado

  How can I create a recovery partition in memory as an option when booting the PC so that I can check all partitions including the system one that typically loads Ubuntu. This way I can fsck for example the partition that is normally running Ubuntu but without having it running it at that moment. The recovery partition would have access to some tools to check the disck, memory, etc. Is this doable?

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• lowering the use of the memory controller in OpenCL based applications

  - by user827992

  With my first experiments I noticed that OpenCL is a good technology but often hampered by the X86 architecture and finding a mid-range VGA driven by a low-end chipset is not that unusual in the real world scenarios, sometimes this can happen with some high-end VGA too. Are there some caching techniques? Something that can bypass this inconvenience in some ways. The amount of dedicated memory on today's VGA is usually high, it's possible to use this memory to create some kind of buffer with instructions.

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• The Simplicity of the Oracle Stack

  - by user801960

  For many retailers, technology is something they know they need to optimise business operations, but do they really understand it and how can they select the solutions they need from the many vendors on the market? Retail is a data heavy industry, with the average retailer managing thousands of SKUs and hundreds of categories through multiple channels. Add to this the exponential growth in data driven by social media and mobile activities, and the process can seem overwhelming. Handling data of this magnitude and analyzing it effectively to gain actionable insight is a huge task, and needs several IT components to work together harmoniously to make the best use of the data available and make smarter decisions. With this in mind, Oracle has produced a video to make it easier for businesses to understand its global data IT solutions and how they integrate seamlessly with Oracle’s other solutions to enable organisations to operate as effectively as possible. The video uses an orchestra as an analogy for IT solutions and clever illustration to demonstrate the value of the Oracle brand. This video can be viewed at http://medianetwork.oracle.com/video/player/1622148401001. To find out more about how Oracle’s products and services can help retailers to deliver better results, visit the Oracle Retail website.

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• 6 x 2048 faster than 3 x 4096 DDR3 triple channel memory modules ?

  - by Dragos

  Considering same timings, brand and technology triple channel RAM memory modules would: 6 x 2048 MB modules be faster than 3 x 4096 MB modules ?

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• Memory (flash) cards secure delete (have to use algorithms or just delete?)

  - by daveny

  We all know that if you want to completely delete files from HDD, you have to use a special erase algorithm in order to make it impossible to read it back. But what with the memory cards? Do they need the same algorithms to ensure that no one could read it back? (it has a completely different structure to store data, and I don't know what the case here with secure delete)

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