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• Change source address based on destination IP

  - by hgj

  We have several "router" machines that gather a lot of external IP addresses on the same host and redirect, NAT or proxy the traffic to the internal network. They also act as routers for the machines on the internal network. This works fine, however I am unable to make the routing table, so I can change the source address, based on the destination a machine from the internal network want to access. Let's say I have a router, that has public addresses P1 (5.5.5.1/24) and P2 (5.5.5.2/24). All traffic goes through P1, but if necessary, the host is reachable on P2 too. This looks like this and works fine: > ip addr ... 1: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:11 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 5.5.5.1/24 brd 5.5.5.255 scope global eth1 inet 5.5.5.2/24 brd 5.5.5.255 scope global secondary eth1:p2 ... Now I want to use P2 as the source address, if I want to access the Google DNS service for example (8.8.8.8). So I add a row in the routing table like: > ip route add 8.8.8.8 via 5.5.5.254 dev eth1 src 5.5.5.2 > ip route ... default via 5.5.5.254 dev eth1 5.5.5.0/24 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 5.5.5.1 8.8.8.8 via 5.5.5.254 dev eth1 src 5.5.5.2 ... But this does not work. If I ping 8.8.8.8, the host still uses P1 as the source address, and does not use P2 at all for outgoing connections. Am I doing it right? I guess not...

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• BIND having trouble resolving service.graphicly.com

  - by Keith Burgoyne

  Since about two weeks ago, we haven't been able to resolve service.graphicly.com: dig @192.168.0.12 service.graphicly.com ; <<>> DiG 9.3.4-P1 <<>> @192.168.0.12 service.graphicly.com ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached Digging on the name servers listed for graphicly.com shows that service.graphicly.com is a CNAME to takecomicsadmin.cloudapp.net. Digging on cloudapp.net's name servers seems to fail: dig @NS1.LIVEDNS.MSFT.NET takecomicsadmin.cloudapp.net ; <<>> DiG 9.3.4-P1 <<>> @NS1.LIVEDNS.MSFT.NET takecomicsadmin.cloudapp.net ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached Somehow, my home ISP's name servers can resolve service.graphicly.com without issue. Has anyone else noticed this problem? Does anyone know what the cause of this problem could be? Thanks!

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• HAProxy, health checking multiple servers with different host names

  - by Marco Bettiolo

  I need to load balance between multiple running servers with different host names. I cannot set-up the same virtual host on each one. Is it possible to have only one listen configuration with multiple server and make the Health Checks apply the http-send-name-header Host directive? I am using HAProxy 1.5. I came up with this working haproxy.cfg, as you can see, I had to set a different hostname for each health check as the health check ignores the http-send-name-header Host. I would have preferred to use variables or other methods and keep things more concise. global log 127.0.0.1 local0 notice maxconn 2000 user haproxy group haproxy defaults log global mode http option httplog option dontlognull retries 3 option redispatch timeout connect 5000 timeout client 10000 timeout server 10000 stats enable stats uri /haproxy?stats stats refresh 5s balance roundrobin option httpclose listen inbound :80 option httpchk HEAD / HTTP/1.1\r\n server instance1 127.0.0.101 check inter 3000 fall 1 rise 1 server instance2 127.0.0.102 check inter 3000 fall 1 rise 1 listen instance1 127.0.0.101:80 option forwardfor http-send-name-header Host option httpchk HEAD / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost:\ www.example.com server www.example.com www.example.com:80 check inter 5000 fall 3 rise 2 listen instance2 127.0.0.102:80 option forwardfor http-send-name-header Host option httpchk HEAD / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost:\ www.bing.com server www.bing.com www.bing.com:80 check inter 5000 fall 3 rise 2

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• How to divert traffic based on hostname using HAProxy?

  - by Bosky

  I've had some initial success with HAProxy setting up a bunch of app servers listening on various other ports. I now have another webserver listening on one port, and i'd like to what changes to make to my config to flow traffic by hostname as well. The following is the current setup, assuming: my apache webserver is running at examplecom:8001 my bunch of app servers 0.0.0.0:8081, 0.0.0.0:8082 , 0.0.0.0:8083 global log 127.0.0.1 local0 log 127.0.0.1 local1 notice maxconn 4096 debug #quiet #user haproxy #group haproxy defaults log global mode http option httplog option dontlognull retries 3 redispatch maxconn 2000 contimeout 5000 clitimeout 50000 srvtimeout 50000 listen appservers 0.0.0.0:80 mode http balance roundrobin option httpclose option forwardfor #option httpchk HEAD /check.txt HTTP/1.0 server inst1 0.0.0.0:8081 cookie server01 check inter 2000 fall 3 server inst2 0.0.0.0:8082 cookie server02 check inter 2000 fall 3 server inst3 0.0.0.0:8083 cookie server01 check inter 2000 fall 3 server inst4 0.0.0.0:8084 cookie server02 check inter 2000 fall 3 capture cookie vgnvisitor= len 32 (any other comments on the ^ setup are welcome.) Now I'd like to continue the same above, but in addition in case - if the hostname is myspecialtopleveldomain<dot>com, then would like to flow traffic to example<dot>com:8001 ~B

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• Repaint window problems

  - by nXqd

  #include "stdafx.h" // Mario Headers #include "GameMain.h" #define MAX_LOADSTRING 100 // Global Variables: HINSTANCE hInst; // current instance TCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // The title bar text TCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // the main window class name // Mario global variables ================= CGameMain* gGameMain; HWND hWnd; PAINTSTRUCT ps; // ======================================== // Forward declarations of functions included in this code module: ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance); BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int); LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); INT_PTR CALLBACK About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); // My unprocess function ===================================== void OnCreate(HWND hWnd) { } void OnKeyUp(WPARAM wParam) { switch (wParam) { case VK_LEFT: gGameMain->KeyReleased(LEFT); break; case VK_UP: gGameMain->KeyReleased(UP); break; case VK_RIGHT: gGameMain->KeyReleased(RIGHT); break; case VK_DOWN: gGameMain->KeyReleased(DOWN); break; } } void OnKeyDown(HWND hWnd,WPARAM wParam) { switch (wParam) { case VK_LEFT: gGameMain->KeyPressed(LEFT); break; case VK_UP: gGameMain->KeyPressed(UP); break; case VK_RIGHT: gGameMain->KeyPressed(RIGHT); break; case VK_DOWN: gGameMain->KeyPressed(DOWN); break; } } void OnPaint(HWND hWnd) { HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd,&ps); RECT rect; GetClientRect(hWnd,&rect); HDC hdcDouble = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc); HBITMAP hdcBitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc,rect.right,rect.bottom); HBITMAP bmOld = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hdcDouble, hdcBitmap); gGameMain->SetHDC(&hdcDouble); gGameMain->SendMessage(MESSAGE_PAINT); BitBlt(hdc,0,0,rect.right,rect.bottom,hdcDouble,0,0,SRCCOPY); SelectObject(hdcDouble,bmOld); DeleteDC(hdcDouble); DeleteObject(hdcBitmap); DeleteDC(hdc); } void OnDestroy() { gGameMain->isPlaying = false; EndPaint(hWnd,&ps); } // My unprocess function ===================================== ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance) { WNDCLASSEX wcex; wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wcex.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; wcex.cbClsExtra = 0; wcex.cbWndExtra = 0; wcex.hInstance = hInstance; wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_GDIMARIO)); wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1); wcex.lpszMenuName = MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_GDIMARIO); wcex.lpszClassName = szWindowClass; wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_SMALL)); return RegisterClassEx(&wcex); } BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow) { hInst = hInstance; // Store instance handle in our global variable hWnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, WIDTH, HEIGHT, 0, NULL, hInstance, NULL); if (!hWnd) { return FALSE; } // ---------------- Start gdiplus ------------------ GdiplusStartup(&gdiToken,&gdiStartInput,NULL); // ------------------------------------------------- // Init GameMain gGameMain = new CGameMain(); ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow); UpdateWindow(hWnd); return TRUE; } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { int wmId, wmEvent; switch (message) { case WM_COMMAND: wmId = LOWORD(wParam); wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam); // Parse the menu selections: switch (wmId) { case IDM_ABOUT: DialogBox(hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_ABOUTBOX), hWnd, About); break; case IDM_EXIT: DestroyWindow(hWnd); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } break; case WM_KEYDOWN: OnKeyDown(hWnd,wParam); break; case WM_KEYUP: OnKeyUp(wParam); break; case WM_CREATE: OnCreate(hWnd); break; case WM_PAINT: OnPaint(hWnd); break; case WM_DESTROY: OnDestroy(); PostQuitMessage(0); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } return 0; } // Message handler for about box. INT_PTR CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lParam); switch (message) { case WM_INITDIALOG: return (INT_PTR)TRUE; case WM_COMMAND: if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL) { EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam)); return (INT_PTR)TRUE; } break; } return (INT_PTR)FALSE; } int APIENTRY _tWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,LPTSTR lpCmdLine,int nCmdShow) { UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(hPrevInstance); UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCmdLine); // TODO: Place code here. MSG msg; HACCEL hAccelTable; // Initialize global strings LoadString(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING); LoadString(hInstance, IDC_GDIMARIO, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING); MyRegisterClass(hInstance); // Perform application initialization: if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow)) { return FALSE; } hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_GDIMARIO)); // Main message loop: // GameLoop PeekMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0,PM_NOREMOVE); while (gGameMain->isPlaying) { while (PeekMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0,PM_REMOVE)) { if (msg.message == WM_QUIT) break; TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } if (gGameMain->enterNextState) { gGameMain->SendMessage(MESSAGE_ENTER); gGameMain->enterNextState = false; } gGameMain->SendMessage(MESSAGE_UPDATE); InvalidateRect(hWnd,NULL,FALSE); /*if (gGameMain->exitCurrentState) { gGameMain->SendMessage(MESSAGE_EXIT); gGameMain->enterNextState = true; gGameMain->exitCurrentState = false; }*/ ::Sleep(gGameMain->timer); // Do your game stuff here } GdiplusShutdown(gdiToken); // Shut down gdiplus token return (int) msg.wParam; } I use InvalidateRect(hWnd,NULL,FALSE); for repaint window, but the problem I met is when I repaint without any changes in Game struct . First it paints my logo well, the second time ( just call InvalidateRect(hWnd,NULL,FALSE); without gGameMain-SendMessage(MESSAGE_ENTER); which is init some variables for painting . Thanks for reading this :)

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• Introduction to the ASP.NET Web API

  - by Stephen.Walther

  I am a huge fan of Ajax. If you want to create a great experience for the users of your website – regardless of whether you are building an ASP.NET MVC or an ASP.NET Web Forms site — then you need to use Ajax. Otherwise, you are just being cruel to your customers. We use Ajax extensively in several of the ASP.NET applications that my company, Superexpert.com, builds. We expose data from the server as JSON and use jQuery to retrieve and update that data from the browser. One challenge, when building an ASP.NET website, is deciding on which technology to use to expose JSON data from the server. For example, how do you expose a list of products from the server as JSON so you can retrieve the list of products with jQuery? You have a number of options (too many options) including ASMX Web services, WCF Web Services, ASHX Generic Handlers, WCF Data Services, and MVC controller actions. Fortunately, the world has just been simplified. With the release of ASP.NET 4 Beta, Microsoft has introduced a new technology for exposing JSON from the server named the ASP.NET Web API. You can use the ASP.NET Web API with both ASP.NET MVC and ASP.NET Web Forms applications. The goal of this blog post is to provide you with a brief overview of the features of the new ASP.NET Web API. You learn how to use the ASP.NET Web API to retrieve, insert, update, and delete database records with jQuery. We also discuss how you can perform form validation when using the Web API and use OData when using the Web API. Creating an ASP.NET Web API Controller The ASP.NET Web API exposes JSON data through a new type of controller called an API controller. You can add an API controller to an existing ASP.NET MVC 4 project through the standard Add Controller dialog box. Right-click your Controllers folder and select Add, Controller. In the dialog box, name your controller MovieController and select the Empty API controller template: A brand new API controller looks like this: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Controllers { public class MovieController : ApiController { } } An API controller, unlike a standard MVC controller, derives from the base ApiController class instead of the base Controller class. Using jQuery to Retrieve, Insert, Update, and Delete Data Let’s create an Ajaxified Movie Database application. We’ll retrieve, insert, update, and delete movies using jQuery with the MovieController which we just created. Our Movie model class looks like this: namespace MyWebAPIApp.Models { public class Movie { public int Id { get; set; } public string Title { get; set; } public string Director { get; set; } } } Our application will consist of a single HTML page named Movies.html. We’ll place all of our jQuery code in the Movies.html page. Getting a Single Record with the ASP.NET Web API To support retrieving a single movie from the server, we need to add a Get method to our API controller: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; using MyWebAPIApp.Models; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Controllers { public class MovieController : ApiController { public Movie GetMovie(int id) { // Return movie by id if (id == 1) { return new Movie { Id = 1, Title = "Star Wars", Director = "Lucas" }; } // Otherwise, movie was not found throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); } } } In the code above, the GetMovie() method accepts the Id of a movie. If the Id has the value 1 then the method returns the movie Star Wars. Otherwise, the method throws an exception and returns 404 Not Found HTTP status code. After building your project, you can invoke the MovieController.GetMovie() method by entering the following URL in your web browser address bar: http://localhost:[port]/api/movie/1 (You’ll need to enter the correct randomly generated port). In the URL api/movie/1, the first “api” segment indicates that this is a Web API route. The “movie” segment indicates that the MovieController should be invoked. You do not specify the name of the action. Instead, the HTTP method used to make the request – GET, POST, PUT, DELETE — is used to identify the action to invoke. The ASP.NET Web API uses different routing conventions than normal ASP.NET MVC controllers. When you make an HTTP GET request then any API controller method with a name that starts with “GET” is invoked. So, we could have called our API controller action GetPopcorn() instead of GetMovie() and it would still be invoked by the URL api/movie/1. The default route for the Web API is defined in the Global.asax file and it looks like this: routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "DefaultApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional } ); We can invoke our GetMovie() controller action with the jQuery code in the following HTML page: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Get Movie</title> </head> <body> <div> Title: <span id="title"></span> </div> <div> Director: <span id="director"></span> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> getMovie(1, function (movie) { $("#title").html(movie.Title); $("#director").html(movie.Director); }); function getMovie(id, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: { id: id }, type: "GET", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 200: function (movie) { callback(movie); }, 404: function () { alert("Not Found!"); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> In the code above, the jQuery $.ajax() method is used to invoke the GetMovie() method. Notice that the Ajax call handles two HTTP response codes. When the GetMove() method successfully returns a movie, the method returns a 200 status code. In that case, the details of the movie are displayed in the HTML page. Otherwise, if the movie is not found, the GetMovie() method returns a 404 status code. In that case, the page simply displays an alert box indicating that the movie was not found (hopefully, you would implement something more graceful in an actual application). You can use your browser’s Developer Tools to see what is going on in the background when you open the HTML page (hit F12 in the most recent version of most browsers). For example, you can use the Network tab in Google Chrome to see the Ajax request which invokes the GetMovie() method: Getting a Set of Records with the ASP.NET Web API Let’s modify our Movie API controller so that it returns a collection of movies. The following Movie controller has a new ListMovies() method which returns a (hard-coded) collection of movies: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; using MyWebAPIApp.Models; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Controllers { public class MovieController : ApiController { public IEnumerable<Movie> ListMovies() { return new List<Movie> { new Movie {Id=1, Title="Star Wars", Director="Lucas"}, new Movie {Id=1, Title="King Kong", Director="Jackson"}, new Movie {Id=1, Title="Memento", Director="Nolan"} }; } } } Because we named our action ListMovies(), the default Web API route will never match it. Therefore, we need to add the following custom route to our Global.asax file (at the top of the RegisterRoutes() method): routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "ActionApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional } ); This route enables us to invoke the ListMovies() method with the URL /api/movie/listmovies. Now that we have exposed our collection of movies from the server, we can retrieve and display the list of movies using jQuery in our HTML page: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>List Movies</title> </head> <body> <div id="movies"></div> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> listMovies(function (movies) { var strMovies=""; $.each(movies, function (index, movie) { strMovies += "<div>" + movie.Title + "</div>"; }); $("#movies").html(strMovies); }); function listMovies(callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie/ListMovies", data: {}, type: "GET", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", }).then(function(movies){ callback(movies); }); } </script> </body> </html>     Inserting a Record with the ASP.NET Web API Now let’s modify our Movie API controller so it supports creating new records: public HttpResponseMessage<Movie> PostMovie(Movie movieToCreate) { // Add movieToCreate to the database and update primary key movieToCreate.Id = 23; // Build a response that contains the location of the new movie var response = new HttpResponseMessage<Movie>(movieToCreate, HttpStatusCode.Created); var relativePath = "/api/movie/" + movieToCreate.Id; response.Headers.Location = new Uri(Request.RequestUri, relativePath); return response; } The PostMovie() method in the code above accepts a movieToCreate parameter. We don’t actually store the new movie anywhere. In real life, you will want to call a service method to store the new movie in a database. When you create a new resource, such as a new movie, you should return the location of the new resource. In the code above, the URL where the new movie can be retrieved is assigned to the Location header returned in the PostMovie() response. Because the name of our method starts with “Post”, we don’t need to create a custom route. The PostMovie() method can be invoked with the URL /Movie/PostMovie – just as long as the method is invoked within the context of a HTTP POST request. The following HTML page invokes the PostMovie() method. <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Create Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var movieToCreate = { title: "The Hobbit", director: "Jackson" }; createMovie(movieToCreate, function (newMovie) { alert("New movie created with an Id of " + newMovie.Id); }); function createMovie(movieToCreate, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify( movieToCreate ), type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 201: function (newMovie) { callback(newMovie); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> This page creates a new movie (the Hobbit) by calling the createMovie() method. The page simply displays the Id of the new movie: The HTTP Post operation is performed with the following call to the jQuery $.ajax() method: $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify( movieToCreate ), type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 201: function (newMovie) { callback(newMovie); } } }); Notice that the type of Ajax request is a POST request. This is required to match the PostMovie() method. Notice, furthermore, that the new movie is converted into JSON using JSON.stringify(). The JSON.stringify() method takes a JavaScript object and converts it into a JSON string. Finally, notice that success is represented with a 201 status code. The HttpStatusCode.Created value returned from the PostMovie() method returns a 201 status code. Updating a Record with the ASP.NET Web API Here’s how we can modify the Movie API controller to support updating an existing record. In this case, we need to create a PUT method to handle an HTTP PUT request: public void PutMovie(Movie movieToUpdate) { if (movieToUpdate.Id == 1) { // Update the movie in the database return; } // If you can't find the movie to update throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); } Unlike our PostMovie() method, the PutMovie() method does not return a result. The action either updates the database or, if the movie cannot be found, returns an HTTP Status code of 404. The following HTML page illustrates how you can invoke the PutMovie() method: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Put Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var movieToUpdate = { id: 1, title: "The Hobbit", director: "Jackson" }; updateMovie(movieToUpdate, function () { alert("Movie updated!"); }); function updateMovie(movieToUpdate, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify(movieToUpdate), type: "PUT", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 200: function () { callback(); }, 404: function () { alert("Movie not found!"); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> Deleting a Record with the ASP.NET Web API Here’s the code for deleting a movie: public HttpResponseMessage DeleteMovie(int id) { // Delete the movie from the database // Return status code return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.NoContent); } This method simply deletes the movie (well, not really, but pretend that it does) and returns a No Content status code (204). The following page illustrates how you can invoke the DeleteMovie() action: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Delete Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> deleteMovie(1, function () { alert("Movie deleted!"); }); function deleteMovie(id, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify({id:id}), type: "DELETE", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 204: function () { callback(); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> Performing Validation How do you perform form validation when using the ASP.NET Web API? Because validation in ASP.NET MVC is driven by the Default Model Binder, and because the Web API uses the Default Model Binder, you get validation for free. Let’s modify our Movie class so it includes some of the standard validation attributes: using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Models { public class Movie { public int Id { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage="Title is required!")] [StringLength(5, ErrorMessage="Title cannot be more than 5 characters!")] public string Title { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage="Director is required!")] public string Director { get; set; } } } In the code above, the Required validation attribute is used to make both the Title and Director properties required. The StringLength attribute is used to require the length of the movie title to be no more than 5 characters. Now let’s modify our PostMovie() action to validate a movie before adding the movie to the database: public HttpResponseMessage PostMovie(Movie movieToCreate) { // Validate movie if (!ModelState.IsValid) { var errors = new JsonArray(); foreach (var prop in ModelState.Values) { if (prop.Errors.Any()) { errors.Add(prop.Errors.First().ErrorMessage); } } return new HttpResponseMessage<JsonValue>(errors, HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); } // Add movieToCreate to the database and update primary key movieToCreate.Id = 23; // Build a response that contains the location of the new movie var response = new HttpResponseMessage<Movie>(movieToCreate, HttpStatusCode.Created); var relativePath = "/api/movie/" + movieToCreate.Id; response.Headers.Location = new Uri(Request.RequestUri, relativePath); return response; } If ModelState.IsValid has the value false then the errors in model state are copied to a new JSON array. Each property – such as the Title and Director property — can have multiple errors. In the code above, only the first error message is copied over. The JSON array is returned with a Bad Request status code (400 status code). The following HTML page illustrates how you can invoke our modified PostMovie() action and display any error messages: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Create Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var movieToCreate = { title: "The Hobbit", director: "" }; createMovie(movieToCreate, function (newMovie) { alert("New movie created with an Id of " + newMovie.Id); }, function (errors) { var strErrors = ""; $.each(errors, function(index, err) { strErrors += "*" + err + "\n"; }); alert(strErrors); } ); function createMovie(movieToCreate, success, fail) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify(movieToCreate), type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 201: function (newMovie) { success(newMovie); }, 400: function (xhr) { var errors = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText); fail(errors); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> The createMovie() function performs an Ajax request and handles either a 201 or a 400 status code from the response. If a 201 status code is returned then there were no validation errors and the new movie was created. If, on the other hand, a 400 status code is returned then there was a validation error. The validation errors are retrieved from the XmlHttpRequest responseText property. The error messages are displayed in an alert: (Please don’t use JavaScript alert dialogs to display validation errors, I just did it this way out of pure laziness) This validation code in our PostMovie() method is pretty generic. There is nothing specific about this code to the PostMovie() method. In the following video, Jon Galloway demonstrates how to create a global Validation filter which can be used with any API controller action: http://www.asp.net/web-api/overview/web-api-routing-and-actions/video-custom-validation His validation filter looks like this: using System.Json; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http.Controllers; using System.Web.Http.Filters; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Filters { public class ValidationActionFilter:ActionFilterAttribute { public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext actionContext) { var modelState = actionContext.ModelState; if (!modelState.IsValid) { dynamic errors = new JsonObject(); foreach (var key in modelState.Keys) { var state = modelState[key]; if (state.Errors.Any()) { errors[key] = state.Errors.First().ErrorMessage; } } actionContext.Response = new HttpResponseMessage<JsonValue>(errors, HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); } } } } And you can register the validation filter in the Application_Start() method in the Global.asax file like this: GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Filters.Add(new ValidationActionFilter()); After you register the Validation filter, validation error messages are returned from any API controller action method automatically when validation fails. You don’t need to add any special logic to any of your API controller actions to take advantage of the filter. Querying using OData The OData protocol is an open protocol created by Microsoft which enables you to perform queries over the web. The official website for OData is located here: http://odata.org For example, here are some of the query options which you can use with OData: · $orderby – Enables you to retrieve results in a certain order. · $top – Enables you to retrieve a certain number of results. · $skip – Enables you to skip over a certain number of results (use with $top for paging). · $filter – Enables you to filter the results returned. The ASP.NET Web API supports a subset of the OData protocol. You can use all of the query options listed above when interacting with an API controller. The only requirement is that the API controller action returns its data as IQueryable. For example, the following Movie controller has an action named GetMovies() which returns an IQueryable of movies: public IQueryable<Movie> GetMovies() { return new List<Movie> { new Movie {Id=1, Title="Star Wars", Director="Lucas"}, new Movie {Id=2, Title="King Kong", Director="Jackson"}, new Movie {Id=3, Title="Willow", Director="Lucas"}, new Movie {Id=4, Title="Shrek", Director="Smith"}, new Movie {Id=5, Title="Memento", Director="Nolan"} }.AsQueryable(); } If you enter the following URL in your browser: /api/movie?$top=2&$orderby=Title Then you will limit the movies returned to the top 2 in order of the movie Title. You will get the following results: By using the $top option in combination with the $skip option, you can enable client-side paging. For example, you can use $top and $skip to page through thousands of products, 10 products at a time. The $filter query option is very powerful. You can use this option to filter the results from a query. Here are some examples: Return every movie directed by Lucas: /api/movie?$filter=Director eq ‘Lucas’ Return every movie which has a title which starts with ‘S’: /api/movie?$filter=startswith(Title,’S') Return every movie which has an Id greater than 2: /api/movie?$filter=Id gt 2 The complete documentation for the $filter option is located here: http://www.odata.org/developers/protocols/uri-conventions#FilterSystemQueryOption Summary The goal of this blog entry was to provide you with an overview of the new ASP.NET Web API introduced with the Beta release of ASP.NET 4. In this post, I discussed how you can retrieve, insert, update, and delete data by using jQuery with the Web API. I also discussed how you can use the standard validation attributes with the Web API. You learned how to return validation error messages to the client and display the error messages using jQuery. Finally, we briefly discussed how the ASP.NET Web API supports the OData protocol. For example, you learned how to filter records returned from an API controller action by using the $filter query option. I’m excited about the new Web API. This is a feature which I expect to use with almost every ASP.NET application which I build in the future.

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• Introduction to the ASP.NET Web API

  - by Stephen.Walther

  I am a huge fan of Ajax. If you want to create a great experience for the users of your website – regardless of whether you are building an ASP.NET MVC or an ASP.NET Web Forms site — then you need to use Ajax. Otherwise, you are just being cruel to your customers. We use Ajax extensively in several of the ASP.NET applications that my company, Superexpert.com, builds. We expose data from the server as JSON and use jQuery to retrieve and update that data from the browser. One challenge, when building an ASP.NET website, is deciding on which technology to use to expose JSON data from the server. For example, how do you expose a list of products from the server as JSON so you can retrieve the list of products with jQuery? You have a number of options (too many options) including ASMX Web services, WCF Web Services, ASHX Generic Handlers, WCF Data Services, and MVC controller actions. Fortunately, the world has just been simplified. With the release of ASP.NET 4 Beta, Microsoft has introduced a new technology for exposing JSON from the server named the ASP.NET Web API. You can use the ASP.NET Web API with both ASP.NET MVC and ASP.NET Web Forms applications. The goal of this blog post is to provide you with a brief overview of the features of the new ASP.NET Web API. You learn how to use the ASP.NET Web API to retrieve, insert, update, and delete database records with jQuery. We also discuss how you can perform form validation when using the Web API and use OData when using the Web API. Creating an ASP.NET Web API Controller The ASP.NET Web API exposes JSON data through a new type of controller called an API controller. You can add an API controller to an existing ASP.NET MVC 4 project through the standard Add Controller dialog box. Right-click your Controllers folder and select Add, Controller. In the dialog box, name your controller MovieController and select the Empty API controller template: A brand new API controller looks like this: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Controllers { public class MovieController : ApiController { } } An API controller, unlike a standard MVC controller, derives from the base ApiController class instead of the base Controller class. Using jQuery to Retrieve, Insert, Update, and Delete Data Let’s create an Ajaxified Movie Database application. We’ll retrieve, insert, update, and delete movies using jQuery with the MovieController which we just created. Our Movie model class looks like this: namespace MyWebAPIApp.Models { public class Movie { public int Id { get; set; } public string Title { get; set; } public string Director { get; set; } } } Our application will consist of a single HTML page named Movies.html. We’ll place all of our jQuery code in the Movies.html page. Getting a Single Record with the ASP.NET Web API To support retrieving a single movie from the server, we need to add a Get method to our API controller: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; using MyWebAPIApp.Models; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Controllers { public class MovieController : ApiController { public Movie GetMovie(int id) { // Return movie by id if (id == 1) { return new Movie { Id = 1, Title = "Star Wars", Director = "Lucas" }; } // Otherwise, movie was not found throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); } } } In the code above, the GetMovie() method accepts the Id of a movie. If the Id has the value 1 then the method returns the movie Star Wars. Otherwise, the method throws an exception and returns 404 Not Found HTTP status code. After building your project, you can invoke the MovieController.GetMovie() method by entering the following URL in your web browser address bar: http://localhost:[port]/api/movie/1 (You’ll need to enter the correct randomly generated port). In the URL api/movie/1, the first “api” segment indicates that this is a Web API route. The “movie” segment indicates that the MovieController should be invoked. You do not specify the name of the action. Instead, the HTTP method used to make the request – GET, POST, PUT, DELETE — is used to identify the action to invoke. The ASP.NET Web API uses different routing conventions than normal ASP.NET MVC controllers. When you make an HTTP GET request then any API controller method with a name that starts with “GET” is invoked. So, we could have called our API controller action GetPopcorn() instead of GetMovie() and it would still be invoked by the URL api/movie/1. The default route for the Web API is defined in the Global.asax file and it looks like this: routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "DefaultApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional } ); We can invoke our GetMovie() controller action with the jQuery code in the following HTML page: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Get Movie</title> </head> <body> <div> Title: <span id="title"></span> </div> <div> Director: <span id="director"></span> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> getMovie(1, function (movie) { $("#title").html(movie.Title); $("#director").html(movie.Director); }); function getMovie(id, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: { id: id }, type: "GET", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 200: function (movie) { callback(movie); }, 404: function () { alert("Not Found!"); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> In the code above, the jQuery $.ajax() method is used to invoke the GetMovie() method. Notice that the Ajax call handles two HTTP response codes. When the GetMove() method successfully returns a movie, the method returns a 200 status code. In that case, the details of the movie are displayed in the HTML page. Otherwise, if the movie is not found, the GetMovie() method returns a 404 status code. In that case, the page simply displays an alert box indicating that the movie was not found (hopefully, you would implement something more graceful in an actual application). You can use your browser’s Developer Tools to see what is going on in the background when you open the HTML page (hit F12 in the most recent version of most browsers). For example, you can use the Network tab in Google Chrome to see the Ajax request which invokes the GetMovie() method: Getting a Set of Records with the ASP.NET Web API Let’s modify our Movie API controller so that it returns a collection of movies. The following Movie controller has a new ListMovies() method which returns a (hard-coded) collection of movies: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; using MyWebAPIApp.Models; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Controllers { public class MovieController : ApiController { public IEnumerable<Movie> ListMovies() { return new List<Movie> { new Movie {Id=1, Title="Star Wars", Director="Lucas"}, new Movie {Id=1, Title="King Kong", Director="Jackson"}, new Movie {Id=1, Title="Memento", Director="Nolan"} }; } } } Because we named our action ListMovies(), the default Web API route will never match it. Therefore, we need to add the following custom route to our Global.asax file (at the top of the RegisterRoutes() method): routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "ActionApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional } ); This route enables us to invoke the ListMovies() method with the URL /api/movie/listmovies. Now that we have exposed our collection of movies from the server, we can retrieve and display the list of movies using jQuery in our HTML page: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>List Movies</title> </head> <body> <div id="movies"></div> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> listMovies(function (movies) { var strMovies=""; $.each(movies, function (index, movie) { strMovies += "<div>" + movie.Title + "</div>"; }); $("#movies").html(strMovies); }); function listMovies(callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie/ListMovies", data: {}, type: "GET", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", }).then(function(movies){ callback(movies); }); } </script> </body> </html>     Inserting a Record with the ASP.NET Web API Now let’s modify our Movie API controller so it supports creating new records: public HttpResponseMessage<Movie> PostMovie(Movie movieToCreate) { // Add movieToCreate to the database and update primary key movieToCreate.Id = 23; // Build a response that contains the location of the new movie var response = new HttpResponseMessage<Movie>(movieToCreate, HttpStatusCode.Created); var relativePath = "/api/movie/" + movieToCreate.Id; response.Headers.Location = new Uri(Request.RequestUri, relativePath); return response; } The PostMovie() method in the code above accepts a movieToCreate parameter. We don’t actually store the new movie anywhere. In real life, you will want to call a service method to store the new movie in a database. When you create a new resource, such as a new movie, you should return the location of the new resource. In the code above, the URL where the new movie can be retrieved is assigned to the Location header returned in the PostMovie() response. Because the name of our method starts with “Post”, we don’t need to create a custom route. The PostMovie() method can be invoked with the URL /Movie/PostMovie – just as long as the method is invoked within the context of a HTTP POST request. The following HTML page invokes the PostMovie() method. <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Create Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var movieToCreate = { title: "The Hobbit", director: "Jackson" }; createMovie(movieToCreate, function (newMovie) { alert("New movie created with an Id of " + newMovie.Id); }); function createMovie(movieToCreate, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify( movieToCreate ), type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 201: function (newMovie) { callback(newMovie); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> This page creates a new movie (the Hobbit) by calling the createMovie() method. The page simply displays the Id of the new movie: The HTTP Post operation is performed with the following call to the jQuery $.ajax() method: $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify( movieToCreate ), type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 201: function (newMovie) { callback(newMovie); } } }); Notice that the type of Ajax request is a POST request. This is required to match the PostMovie() method. Notice, furthermore, that the new movie is converted into JSON using JSON.stringify(). The JSON.stringify() method takes a JavaScript object and converts it into a JSON string. Finally, notice that success is represented with a 201 status code. The HttpStatusCode.Created value returned from the PostMovie() method returns a 201 status code. Updating a Record with the ASP.NET Web API Here’s how we can modify the Movie API controller to support updating an existing record. In this case, we need to create a PUT method to handle an HTTP PUT request: public void PutMovie(Movie movieToUpdate) { if (movieToUpdate.Id == 1) { // Update the movie in the database return; } // If you can't find the movie to update throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); } Unlike our PostMovie() method, the PutMovie() method does not return a result. The action either updates the database or, if the movie cannot be found, returns an HTTP Status code of 404. The following HTML page illustrates how you can invoke the PutMovie() method: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Put Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var movieToUpdate = { id: 1, title: "The Hobbit", director: "Jackson" }; updateMovie(movieToUpdate, function () { alert("Movie updated!"); }); function updateMovie(movieToUpdate, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify(movieToUpdate), type: "PUT", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 200: function () { callback(); }, 404: function () { alert("Movie not found!"); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> Deleting a Record with the ASP.NET Web API Here’s the code for deleting a movie: public HttpResponseMessage DeleteMovie(int id) { // Delete the movie from the database // Return status code return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.NoContent); } This method simply deletes the movie (well, not really, but pretend that it does) and returns a No Content status code (204). The following page illustrates how you can invoke the DeleteMovie() action: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Delete Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> deleteMovie(1, function () { alert("Movie deleted!"); }); function deleteMovie(id, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify({id:id}), type: "DELETE", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 204: function () { callback(); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> Performing Validation How do you perform form validation when using the ASP.NET Web API? Because validation in ASP.NET MVC is driven by the Default Model Binder, and because the Web API uses the Default Model Binder, you get validation for free. Let’s modify our Movie class so it includes some of the standard validation attributes: using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Models { public class Movie { public int Id { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage="Title is required!")] [StringLength(5, ErrorMessage="Title cannot be more than 5 characters!")] public string Title { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage="Director is required!")] public string Director { get; set; } } } In the code above, the Required validation attribute is used to make both the Title and Director properties required. The StringLength attribute is used to require the length of the movie title to be no more than 5 characters. Now let’s modify our PostMovie() action to validate a movie before adding the movie to the database: public HttpResponseMessage PostMovie(Movie movieToCreate) { // Validate movie if (!ModelState.IsValid) { var errors = new JsonArray(); foreach (var prop in ModelState.Values) { if (prop.Errors.Any()) { errors.Add(prop.Errors.First().ErrorMessage); } } return new HttpResponseMessage<JsonValue>(errors, HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); } // Add movieToCreate to the database and update primary key movieToCreate.Id = 23; // Build a response that contains the location of the new movie var response = new HttpResponseMessage<Movie>(movieToCreate, HttpStatusCode.Created); var relativePath = "/api/movie/" + movieToCreate.Id; response.Headers.Location = new Uri(Request.RequestUri, relativePath); return response; } If ModelState.IsValid has the value false then the errors in model state are copied to a new JSON array. Each property – such as the Title and Director property — can have multiple errors. In the code above, only the first error message is copied over. The JSON array is returned with a Bad Request status code (400 status code). The following HTML page illustrates how you can invoke our modified PostMovie() action and display any error messages: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Create Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var movieToCreate = { title: "The Hobbit", director: "" }; createMovie(movieToCreate, function (newMovie) { alert("New movie created with an Id of " + newMovie.Id); }, function (errors) { var strErrors = ""; $.each(errors, function(index, err) { strErrors += "*" + err + "n"; }); alert(strErrors); } ); function createMovie(movieToCreate, success, fail) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify(movieToCreate), type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 201: function (newMovie) { success(newMovie); }, 400: function (xhr) { var errors = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText); fail(errors); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> The createMovie() function performs an Ajax request and handles either a 201 or a 400 status code from the response. If a 201 status code is returned then there were no validation errors and the new movie was created. If, on the other hand, a 400 status code is returned then there was a validation error. The validation errors are retrieved from the XmlHttpRequest responseText property. The error messages are displayed in an alert: (Please don’t use JavaScript alert dialogs to display validation errors, I just did it this way out of pure laziness) This validation code in our PostMovie() method is pretty generic. There is nothing specific about this code to the PostMovie() method. In the following video, Jon Galloway demonstrates how to create a global Validation filter which can be used with any API controller action: http://www.asp.net/web-api/overview/web-api-routing-and-actions/video-custom-validation His validation filter looks like this: using System.Json; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http.Controllers; using System.Web.Http.Filters; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Filters { public class ValidationActionFilter:ActionFilterAttribute { public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext actionContext) { var modelState = actionContext.ModelState; if (!modelState.IsValid) { dynamic errors = new JsonObject(); foreach (var key in modelState.Keys) { var state = modelState[key]; if (state.Errors.Any()) { errors[key] = state.Errors.First().ErrorMessage; } } actionContext.Response = new HttpResponseMessage<JsonValue>(errors, HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); } } } } And you can register the validation filter in the Application_Start() method in the Global.asax file like this: GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Filters.Add(new ValidationActionFilter()); After you register the Validation filter, validation error messages are returned from any API controller action method automatically when validation fails. You don’t need to add any special logic to any of your API controller actions to take advantage of the filter. Querying using OData The OData protocol is an open protocol created by Microsoft which enables you to perform queries over the web. The official website for OData is located here: http://odata.org For example, here are some of the query options which you can use with OData: · $orderby – Enables you to retrieve results in a certain order. · $top – Enables you to retrieve a certain number of results. · $skip – Enables you to skip over a certain number of results (use with $top for paging). · $filter – Enables you to filter the results returned. The ASP.NET Web API supports a subset of the OData protocol. You can use all of the query options listed above when interacting with an API controller. The only requirement is that the API controller action returns its data as IQueryable. For example, the following Movie controller has an action named GetMovies() which returns an IQueryable of movies: public IQueryable<Movie> GetMovies() { return new List<Movie> { new Movie {Id=1, Title="Star Wars", Director="Lucas"}, new Movie {Id=2, Title="King Kong", Director="Jackson"}, new Movie {Id=3, Title="Willow", Director="Lucas"}, new Movie {Id=4, Title="Shrek", Director="Smith"}, new Movie {Id=5, Title="Memento", Director="Nolan"} }.AsQueryable(); } If you enter the following URL in your browser: /api/movie?$top=2&$orderby=Title Then you will limit the movies returned to the top 2 in order of the movie Title. You will get the following results: By using the $top option in combination with the $skip option, you can enable client-side paging. For example, you can use $top and $skip to page through thousands of products, 10 products at a time. The $filter query option is very powerful. You can use this option to filter the results from a query. Here are some examples: Return every movie directed by Lucas: /api/movie?$filter=Director eq ‘Lucas’ Return every movie which has a title which starts with ‘S’: /api/movie?$filter=startswith(Title,’S') Return every movie which has an Id greater than 2: /api/movie?$filter=Id gt 2 The complete documentation for the $filter option is located here: http://www.odata.org/developers/protocols/uri-conventions#FilterSystemQueryOption Summary The goal of this blog entry was to provide you with an overview of the new ASP.NET Web API introduced with the Beta release of ASP.NET 4. In this post, I discussed how you can retrieve, insert, update, and delete data by using jQuery with the Web API. I also discussed how you can use the standard validation attributes with the Web API. You learned how to return validation error messages to the client and display the error messages using jQuery. Finally, we briefly discussed how the ASP.NET Web API supports the OData protocol. For example, you learned how to filter records returned from an API controller action by using the $filter query option. I’m excited about the new Web API. This is a feature which I expect to use with almost every ASP.NET application which I build in the future.

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• HAProxy: Display a "BADREQ" | BADREQ's by the thousands

  - by GruffTech

  My HAProxy Configuration. #HA-Proxy version 1.3.22 2009/10/14 Copyright 2000-2009 Willy Tarreau <[email protected]> global maxconn 10000 spread-checks 50 user haproxy group haproxy daemon stats socket /tmp/haproxy log localhost local0 log localhost local1 notice defaults mode http maxconn 50000 timeout client 10000 option forwardfor except 127.0.0.1 option httpclose option httplog listen dcaustin 0.0.0.0:80 mode http timeout connect 12000 timeout server 60000 timeout queue 120000 balance roundrobin option httpchk GET /index.html log global option httplog option dontlog-normal server web1 10.10.10.101:80 maxconn 300 check fall 1 server web2 10.10.10.102:80 maxconn 300 check fall 1 server web3 10.10.10.103:80 maxconn 300 check fall 1 server web4 10.10.10.104:80 maxconn 300 check fall 1 listen stats 0.0.0.0:9000 mode http balance log global timeout client 5000 timeout connect 4000 timeout server 30000 stats uri /haproxy HAProxy is running, and the socket is working... adam@dcaustin:/etc/haproxy# echo "show info" | socat stdio /tmp/haproxy Name: HAProxy Version: 1.3.22 Release_date: 2009/10/14 Nbproc: 1 Process_num: 1 Pid: 6320 Uptime: 0d 0h14m58s Uptime_sec: 898 Memmax_MB: 0 Ulimit-n: 20017 Maxsock: 20017 Maxconn: 10000 Maxpipes: 0 CurrConns: 47 PipesUsed: 0 PipesFree: 0 Tasks: 51 Run_queue: 1 node: dcaustin desiption: Errors show nothing from socket... adam@dcaustin:/etc/haproxy# echo "show errors" | socat stdio /tmp/haproxy adam@dcaustin:/etc/haproxy# However... My Error log is exploding with "badrequests" with the Error code cR. cR (according to 1.3 documentation) is The "timeout http-request" stroke before the client sent a full HTTP request. This is sometimes caused by too large TCP MSS values on the client side for PPPoE networks which cannot transport full-sized packets, or by clients sending requests by hand and not typing fast enough, or forgetting to enter the empty line at the end of the request. The HTTP status code is likely a 408 here. Correct on the 408, but we're getting literally thousands of these requests every hour. (This log snippet is an clip for about 10 seconds of time...) Jun 30 11:08:52 localhost haproxy[6320]: 92.22.213.32:26448 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:42.384] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10002 408 212 - - cR-- 35/35/18/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" Jun 30 11:08:54 localhost haproxy[6320]: 71.62.130.24:62818 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:44.457] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10001 408 212 - - cR-- 39/39/16/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" Jun 30 11:08:55 localhost haproxy[6320]: 84.73.75.236:3589 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:45.021] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10008 408 212 - - cR-- 35/35/15/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" Jun 30 11:08:55 localhost haproxy[6320]: 69.39.20.190:49969 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:45.709] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10000 408 212 - - cR-- 37/37/16/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" Jun 30 11:08:56 localhost haproxy[6320]: 2.29.0.9:58772 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:46.846] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10001 408 212 - - cR-- 43/43/22/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" Jun 30 11:08:57 localhost haproxy[6320]: 212.139.250.242:57537 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:47.568] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10000 408 212 - - cR-- 42/42/21/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" Jun 30 11:08:58 localhost haproxy[6320]: 74.79.195.75:55046 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:48.559] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10000 408 212 - - cR-- 46/46/24/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" Jun 30 11:08:58 localhost haproxy[6320]: 74.79.195.75:55044 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:48.554] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10004 408 212 - - cR-- 45/45/24/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" Jun 30 11:08:58 localhost haproxy[6320]: 74.79.195.75:55045 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:48.554] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10005 408 212 - - cR-- 44/44/24/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" Jun 30 11:09:00 localhost haproxy[6320]: 68.197.56.2:52781 [30/Jun/2011:11:08:50.975] dcaustin dcaustin/<NOSRV> -1/-1/-1/-1/10000 408 212 - - cR-- 49/49/28/0/0 0/0 "<BADREQ>" From what I read on google, if i wanted to see what the bad requests are, I can show errors to the socket and it will spit them out. We do run a pretty heavily trafficed website and the percentage of "BADREQS" to normal requests is quite low, but I'd like to be able to get ahold of what that request WAS so I can debug it. stats # pxname,svname,qcur,qmax,scur,smax,slim,stot,bin,bout,dreq,dresp,ereq,econ,eresp,wretr,wredis,status,weight,act,bck,chkfail,chkdown,lastchg,downtime,qlimit,pid,iid,sid,throttle,lbtot,tracked,type,rate,rate_lim,rate_max, dcaustin,FRONTEND,,,64,120,50000,88433,105889100,2553809875,0,0,4641,,,,,OPEN,,,,,,,,,1,1,0,,,,0,45,0,128, dcaustin,web1,0,0,10,28,300,20941,25402112,633143416,,0,,0,3,0,0,UP,1,1,0,0,0,2208,0,,1,1,1,,20941,,2,11,,30, dcaustin,web2,0,0,9,30,300,20941,25026691,641475169,,0,,0,3,0,0,UP,1,1,0,0,0,2208,0,,1,1,2,,20941,,2,11,,30, dcaustin,web3,0,0,10,27,300,20940,30116527,635015040,,0,,0,9,0,0,UP,1,1,0,0,0,2208,0,,1,1,3,,20940,,2,10,,31, dcaustin,web4,0,0,5,28,300,20940,25343770,643209546,,0,,0,8,0,0,UP,1,1,0,0,0,2208,0,,1,1,4,,20940,,2,11,,31, dcaustin,BACKEND,0,0,34,95,50000,83762,105889100,2553809875,0,0,,0,34,0,0,UP,4,4,0,,0,2208,0,,1,1,0,,83762,,1,43,,122, 88500 "Sessions" and 4500 errors. in the last 20 minutes.

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• How to fix "ruby installation is missing psych (for YAML output)." on CentOS?

  - by ohho

  After rvm installation on CentOS 5.8: [rails@localhost ~]$ rvm -v rvm 1.16.17 [rails@localhost ~]$ which ruby ~/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p286/bin/ruby [rails@localhost ~]$ ruby -v ruby 1.9.3p286 (2012-10-12 revision 37165) [i686-linux] [rails@localhost ~]$ which gem ~/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p286/bin/gem there is a warning: $ gem -v /home/rails/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p286/lib/ruby/1.9.1/yaml.rb:56:in `<top (required)>': It seems your ruby installation is missing psych (for YAML output). To eliminate this warning, please install libyaml and reinstall your ruby. 1.8.24 I followed some advice: $ rvm pkg install libyaml Fetching yaml-0.1.4.tar.gz to /home/rails/.rvm/archives Extracting yaml-0.1.4.tar.gz to /home/rails/.rvm/src Prepare yaml in /home/rails/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4. Configuring yaml in /home/rails/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4. Compiling yaml in /home/rails/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4. Installing yaml to /home/rails/.rvm/usr Please note that it's required to reinstall all rubies: rvm reinstall all --force and then: $ rvm reinstall all --force Removing /home/rails/.rvm/src/ruby-1.8.7-p371... Removing /home/rails/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p371... No binary rubies available for: centos/5.8/i386/ruby-1.8.7-p371. Continuing with compilation. Please read 'rvm mount' to get more information on binary rubies. Installing Ruby from source to: /home/rails/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p371, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)... ruby-1.8.7-p371 - #downloading ruby-1.8.7-p371, this may take a while depending on your connection... ruby-1.8.7-p371 - #extracting ruby-1.8.7-p371 to /home/rails/.rvm/src/ruby-1.8.7-p371 ruby-1.8.7-p371 - #extracted to /home/rails/.rvm/src/ruby-1.8.7-p371 Applying patch /home/rails/.rvm/patches/ruby/1.8.7/stdout-rouge-fix.patch Applying patch /home/rails/.rvm/patches/ruby/1.8.7/no_sslv2.diff ruby-1.8.7-p371 - #configuring ruby-1.8.7-p371 - #compiling ruby-1.8.7-p371 - #installing Removing old Rubygems files... Installing rubygems-1.8.24 for ruby-1.8.7-p371 ... Installation of rubygems completed successfully. Saving wrappers to '/home/rails/.rvm/bin'. ruby-1.8.7-p371 - #adjusting #shebangs for (gem irb erb ri rdoc testrb rake). ruby-1.8.7-p371 - #importing default gemsets (/home/rails/.rvm/gemsets/) Install of ruby-1.8.7-p371 - #complete Please be aware that you just installed a ruby that requires 2 patches just to be compiled on up to date linux system. This may have known and unaccounted for security vulnerabilities. Please consider upgrading to Ruby 1.9.3-286 which will have all of the latest security patches. Making gemset ruby-1.8.7-p371 pristine. Making gemset ruby-1.8.7-p371@global pristine. Removing /home/rails/.rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p286... Removing /home/rails/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p286... No binary rubies available for: centos/5.8/i386/ruby-1.9.3-p286. Continuing with compilation. Please read 'rvm mount' to get more information on binary rubies. Installing Ruby from source to: /home/rails/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p286, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)... ruby-1.9.3-p286 - #downloading ruby-1.9.3-p286, this may take a while depending on your connection... ruby-1.9.3-p286 - #extracting ruby-1.9.3-p286 to /home/rails/.rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p286 ruby-1.9.3-p286 - #extracted to /home/rails/.rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p286 ruby-1.9.3-p286 - #configuring ruby-1.9.3-p286 - #compiling ruby-1.9.3-p286 - #installing Removing old Rubygems files... Installing rubygems-1.8.24 for ruby-1.9.3-p286 ... Installation of rubygems completed successfully. Saving wrappers to '/home/rails/.rvm/bin'. ruby-1.9.3-p286 - #adjusting #shebangs for (gem irb erb ri rdoc testrb rake). ruby-1.9.3-p286 - #importing default gemsets (/home/rails/.rvm/gemsets/) Install of ruby-1.9.3-p286 - #complete Making gemset ruby-1.9.3-p286 pristine. Making gemset ruby-1.9.3-p286@global pristine. Too bad, the warning is still there: $ gem -v /home/rails/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p286/lib/ruby/1.9.1/yaml.rb:56:in `<top (required)>': It seems your ruby installation is missing psych (for YAML output). To eliminate this warning, please install libyaml and reinstall your ruby. 1.8.24 How can I get rid of the warning? UPDATE: (applying rvm reinstall 1.9.3 --movable) $ rvm reinstall 1.9.3 --movable Removing /home/rails/.rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p286... Removing /home/rails/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p286... Fetching yaml-0.1.4.tar.gz to /home/rails/.rvm/archives Extracting yaml-0.1.4.tar.gz to /home/rails/.rvm/src Prepare yaml in /home/rails/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4. Configuring yaml in /home/rails/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4. Compiling yaml in /home/rails/.rvm/src/yaml-0.1.4. Installing yaml to /home/rails/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p286 Installing Ruby from source to: /home/rails/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p286, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)... ruby-1.9.3-p286 - #downloading ruby-1.9.3-p286, this may take a while depending on your connection... ruby-1.9.3-p286 - #extracting ruby-1.9.3-p286 to /home/rails/.rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p286 ruby-1.9.3-p286 - #extracted to /home/rails/.rvm/src/ruby-1.9.3-p286 Applying patch /home/rails/.rvm/patches/ruby/1.9.3/ruby-multilib.patch Error running 'patch -F 25 -p1 -N -f -i /home/rails/.rvm/patches/ruby/1.9.3/ruby-multilib.patch', please read /home/rails/.rvm/log/ruby-1.9.3-p286/patch.apply.ruby-multilib.log There has been an error applying the specified patches. Halting the installation. Making gemset ruby-1.9.3-p286 pristine. Making gemset ruby-1.9.3-p286@global pristine.

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• Mozilla Weave can't sync Firefox. What's wrong?

  - by Mehper C. Palavuzlar

  For the last few days, Mozilla Weave can't sync. Below is the activity log. Any ideas? 2010-05-02 20:47:15 Service.Main WARN Unknown error while downloading metadata record. Aborting sync. 2010-05-02 20:47:15 Service.Main CONFIG Starting backoff, next sync at:Sun May 02 2010 21:16:09 GMT+0300 (GTB Yaz Saati) 2010-05-02 20:47:15 Service.Main DEBUG Exception: aborting sync, remote setup failed No traceback available 2010-05-02 21:16:09 Service.Main DEBUG Idle timer created for sync, will sync after 5 seconds of inactivity. 2010-05-02 21:16:30 Net.Resource DEBUG GET success 200 https://sj-weave03.services.mozilla.com/1.0/mehper/storage/meta/global 2010-05-02 21:16:30 Service.Main DEBUG Weave Version: 1.2.3 Local Storage: 2 Remote Storage: 2 2010-05-02 21:26:50 Net.Resource DEBUG GET success 200 https://sj-weave03.services.mozilla.com/1.0/mehper/info/collections 2010-05-02 21:26:50 Engine.Clients INFO 0 outgoing items pre-reconciliation 2010-05-02 21:26:50 Engine.Clients INFO Records: 0 applied, 0 reconciled, 0 left to fetch 2010-05-02 21:26:50 Engine.Clients DEBUG Total (ms): sync 6, processIncoming 3, uploadOutgoing 0, syncStartup 3, syncFinish 0 2010-05-02 21:26:50 Engine.Bookmarks INFO 0 outgoing items pre-reconciliation 2010-05-02 21:26:50 Engine.Bookmarks INFO Records: 0 applied, 0 reconciled, 0 left to fetch 2010-05-02 21:26:50 Engine.Bookmarks DEBUG Total (ms): sync 13, processIncoming 5, uploadOutgoing 0, syncStartup 3, syncFinish 3 2010-05-02 21:26:50 Engine.Forms INFO 1 outgoing items pre-reconciliation 2010-05-02 21:26:50 Engine.Forms INFO Records: 0 applied, 0 reconciled, 0 left to fetch 2010-05-02 21:26:50 Engine.Forms INFO Uploading all of 1 records 2010-05-02 21:26:50 Collection DEBUG POST Length: 388 2010-05-02 21:27:06 Collection DEBUG POST success 200 https://sj-weave03.services.mozilla.com/1.0/mehper/storage/forms 2010-05-02 21:27:06 Engine.Forms DEBUG Total (ms): sync 15924, processIncoming 3, uploadOutgoing 15918, syncStartup 3, syncFinish 0, createRecord 1 2010-05-02 21:27:06 Engine.History INFO 55 outgoing items pre-reconciliation 2010-05-02 21:27:06 Engine.History INFO Records: 0 applied, 0 reconciled, 0 left to fetch 2010-05-02 21:27:09 Engine.History INFO Uploading all of 55 records 2010-05-02 21:27:09 Collection DEBUG POST Length: 35337 2010-05-02 21:27:32 Collection DEBUG POST success 200 https://sj-weave03.services.mozilla.com/1.0/mehper/storage/history 2010-05-02 21:27:32 Engine.History DEBUG Total (ms): sync 25588, processIncoming 4, uploadOutgoing 25580, syncStartup 3, syncFinish 0, createRecord 2540 2010-05-02 21:27:32 Engine.Passwords INFO 0 outgoing items pre-reconciliation 2010-05-02 21:27:32 Engine.Passwords INFO Records: 0 applied, 0 reconciled, 0 left to fetch 2010-05-02 21:27:32 Engine.Passwords DEBUG Total (ms): sync 8, processIncoming 4, uploadOutgoing 0, syncStartup 4, syncFinish 0 2010-05-02 21:27:32 Engine.Prefs INFO 0 outgoing items pre-reconciliation 2010-05-02 21:27:32 Engine.Prefs INFO Records: 0 applied, 0 reconciled, 0 left to fetch 2010-05-02 21:27:32 Engine.Prefs DEBUG Total (ms): sync 8, processIncoming 3, uploadOutgoing 0, syncStartup 4, syncFinish 0 2010-05-02 21:27:32 Engine.Tabs INFO 1 outgoing items pre-reconciliation 2010-05-02 21:27:32 Engine.Tabs INFO Records: 0 applied, 0 reconciled, 0 left to fetch 2010-05-02 21:27:32 Engine.Tabs INFO Uploading all of 1 records 2010-05-02 21:27:32 Collection DEBUG POST Length: 393 2010-05-02 21:27:54 Collection DEBUG POST success 200 https://sj-weave03.services.mozilla.com/1.0/mehper/storage/tabs 2010-05-02 21:27:54 Engine.Tabs DEBUG Total (ms): sync 21943, processIncoming 3, uploadOutgoing 21936, syncStartup 3, syncFinish 0, createRecord 8 2010-05-02 21:27:54 Service.Main INFO Sync completed successfully 2010-05-02 22:27:53 Service.Main DEBUG Idle timer created for sync, will sync after 5 seconds of inactivity. 2010-05-02 22:28:14 Net.Resource DEBUG GET success 200 https://sj-weave03.services.mozilla.com/1.0/mehper/storage/meta/global 2010-05-02 22:28:14 Service.Main DEBUG Weave Version: 1.2.3 Local Storage: 2 Remote Storage: 2 2010-05-02 22:28:16 Net.Resource DEBUG GET fail 503 https://sj-weave03.services.mozilla.com/1.0/mehper/info/collections 2010-05-02 22:28:16 Service.Main DEBUG Exception: aborting sync, failed to get collections No traceback available 2010-05-02 23:28:15 Service.Main DEBUG Idle timer created for sync, will sync after 5 seconds of inactivity. 2010-05-03 00:26:42 Service.Main DEBUG Exception: Could not acquire lock No traceback available 2010-05-03 00:31:03 RecordMgr DEBUG Failed to import record: App. Quitting JS Stack trace: Res__request(...)@resource.js:208 < Res_get()@resource.js:271 < RecordMgr_import("https://sj-weave03.services.mozilla.com/1.0/mehper/storage/meta/global")@wbo.js:119 < WeaveSvc__remoteSetup()@service.js:824 < ()@service.js:1187 < WrappedNotify()@util.js:114 < WrappedLock()@util.js:86 < WrappedCatch()@util.js:65 < sync(false)@service.js:1146 < ([object Object])@service.js:414 < notify([object XPCWrappedNative_NoHelper])@util.js:629 2010-05-03 00:31:03 Service.Main DEBUG Weave Version: 1.2.3 Local Storage: 2 Remote Storage: 2010-05-03 00:31:03 Service.Main WARN Unknown error while downloading metadata record. Aborting sync. 2010-05-03 00:31:03 Service.Main DEBUG Exception: aborting sync, remote setup failed No traceback available 2010-05-03 17:26:25 Service.Main INFO Loading Weave 1.2.3 2010-05-03 17:26:25 Engine.Bookmarks DEBUG Engine initialized 2010-05-03 17:26:25 Engine.Forms DEBUG Engine initialized 2010-05-03 17:26:25 Engine.History DEBUG Engine initialized 2010-05-03 17:26:25 Engine.Passwords DEBUG Engine initialized 2010-05-03 17:26:25 Engine.Prefs DEBUG Engine initialized 2010-05-03 17:26:25 Engine.Tabs DEBUG Engine initialized 2010-05-03 17:26:25 Engine.Tabs DEBUG Resetting tabs last sync time 2010-05-03 17:26:25 Service.Main INFO Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; tr; rv:1.9.2.3) Gecko/20100401 Firefox/3.6.3 (.NET CLR 3.5.30729) 2010-05-03 17:26:26 Service.Main DEBUG Caching URLs under storage user base: https://sj-weave03.services.mozilla.com/1.0/mehper/ 2010-05-03 17:26:30 Service.Main DEBUG Autoconnecting in 3 seconds 2010-05-03 17:26:36 Service.Main INFO Logging in user mehper 2010-05-03 17:45:46 Service.Main DEBUG Exception: Could not acquire lock No traceback available 2010-05-03 17:53:18 Service.Main DEBUG Exception: Could not acquire lock No traceback available

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• Ejb 2.0 deployment issues on Jboss 5.1

  - by Ravi

  I am deploying an ear application on Jboss 5.1.0. and i facing some issues. I had two ears one i had copied to deploy folder and the other in deploy-hasingleton. The ear which is in deploy-hasingleton is throwing some errors.when i serached in google i came to know that there is some issue with EJB 2.x on jboss 5.1.i was not able to find the solution. Below is the log. profileservice-secured.jar 11:16:17,162 INFO [JBossASKernel] installing bean: jboss.j2ee:jar=profileservice-secured.jar,name=SecureManagementView,service=EJB3 11:16:17,162 INFO [JBossASKernel] with dependencies: 11:16:17,162 INFO [JBossASKernel] and demands: 11:16:17,162 INFO [JBossASKernel] jboss.ejb:service=EJBTimerService 11:16:17,162 INFO [JBossASKernel] and supplies: 11:16:17,162 INFO [JBossASKernel] jndi:SecureManagementView/remote-org.jboss.deployers.spi.management.ManagementView 11:16:17,162 INFO [JBossASKernel] Class:org.jboss.deployers.spi.management.ManagementView 11:16:17,162 INFO [JBossASKernel] jndi:SecureManagementView/remote 11:16:17,162 INFO [JBossASKernel] Added bean(jboss.j2ee:jar=profileservice-secured.jar,name=SecureManagementView,service=EJB3) to KernelDeployment of: profileservice-secured.jar 11:16:17,162 INFO [EJB3EndpointDeployer] Deploy AbstractBeanMetaData@17cabbb{name=jboss.j2ee:jar=profileservice-secured.jar,name=SecureProfileService,service=EJB3_endpoint bean=org.jboss.ejb3.endpoint.deployers.impl.EndpointImpl properties=[container] constructor=null autowireCandidate=true} 11:16:17,162 INFO [EJB3EndpointDeployer] Deploy AbstractBeanMetaData@1fedd5c{name=jboss.j2ee:jar=profileservice-secured.jar,name=SecureDeploymentManager,service=EJB3_endpoint bean=org.jboss.ejb3.endpoint.deployers.impl.EndpointImpl properties=[container] constructor=null autowireCandidate=true} 11:16:17,162 INFO [EJB3EndpointDeployer] Deploy AbstractBeanMetaData@1ef4b31{name=jboss.j2ee:jar=profileservice-secured.jar,name=SecureManagementView,service=EJB3_endpoint bean=org.jboss.ejb3.endpoint.deployers.impl.EndpointImpl properties=[container] constructor=null autowireCandidate=true} 11:16:17,833 INFO [SessionSpecContainer] Starting jboss.j2ee:jar=profileservice-secured.jar,name=SecureDeploymentManager,service=EJB3 11:16:17,833 INFO [EJBContainer] STARTED EJB: org.jboss.profileservice.ejb.SecureDeploymentManager ejbName: SecureDeploymentManager 11:16:18,066 INFO [JndiSessionRegistrarBase] Binding the following Entries in Global JNDI: SecureDeploymentManager/remote - EJB3.x Default Remote Business Interface SecureDeploymentManager/remote-org.jboss.deployers.spi.management.deploy.DeploymentManager - EJB3.x Remote Business Interface 11:16:18,129 INFO [SessionSpecContainer] Starting jboss.j2ee:jar=profileservice-secured.jar,name=SecureManagementView,service=EJB3 11:16:18,129 INFO [EJBContainer] STARTED EJB: org.jboss.profileservice.ejb.SecureManagementView ejbName: SecureManagementView 11:16:18,160 INFO [JndiSessionRegistrarBase] Binding the following Entries in Global JNDI: SecureManagementView/remote - EJB3.x Default Remote Business Interface SecureManagementView/remote-org.jboss.deployers.spi.management.ManagementView - EJB3.x Remote Business Interface 11:16:18,206 INFO [SessionSpecContainer] Starting jboss.j2ee:jar=profileservice-secured.jar,name=SecureProfileService,service=EJB3 11:16:18,206 INFO [EJBContainer] STARTED EJB: org.jboss.profileservice.ejb.SecureProfileServiceBean ejbName: SecureProfileService 11:16:18,238 INFO [JndiSessionRegistrarBase] Binding the following Entries in Global JNDI: SecureProfileService/remote - EJB3.x Default Remote Business Interface SecureProfileService/remote-org.jboss.profileservice.spi.ProfileService - EJB3.x Remote Business Interface 11:16:18,534 INFO [TomcatDeployment] deploy, ctxPath=/admin-console 11:16:18,612 INFO [config] Initializing Mojarra (1.2_12-b01-FCS) for context '/admin-console' 11:16:21,759 INFO [TomcatDeployment] deploy, ctxPath=/ 11:16:21,853 INFO [TomcatDeployment] deploy, ctxPath=/jmx-console 11:16:21,993 INFO [JBossASKernel] Created KernelDeployment for: hapi-0.5.jar 11:16:21,993 INFO [JBossASKernel] installing bean: jboss.j2ee:ear=jca-ear-1.3-SNAPSHOT.ear,jar=hapi-0.5.jar,name=hapi-0.5,service=EJB3 11:16:21,993 INFO [JBossASKernel] with dependencies: 11:16:21,993 INFO [JBossASKernel] and demands: 11:16:21,993 INFO [JBossASKernel] and supplies: 11:16:21,993 INFO [JBossASKernel] Added bean(jboss.j2ee:ear=jca-ear-1.3-SNAPSHOT.ear,jar=hapi-0.5.jar,name=hapi-0.5,service=EJB3) to KernelDeployment of: hapi-0.5.jar 11:16:23,302 INFO [ClientENCInjectionContainer] STARTED CLIENT ENC CONTAINER: hapi-0.5 11:16:23,473 INFO [SystemEventService] NODE_STARTED on node [HCA-5C1P1BS] 11:16:23,489 INFO [AbstractConnector] [aware] connector started 11:16:23,536 INFO [AbstractConnector] [datacaptor] connector started 11:16:23,536 INFO [AbstractConnector] [intellivue] connector started 11:16:23,972 ERROR [ProfileServiceBootstrap] Failed to load profile: Summary of incomplete deployments (SEE PREVIOUS ERRORS FOR DETAILS): DEPLOYMENTS MISSING DEPENDENCIES: Deployment "gehc.com:service=KernelServiceMBean" is missing the following dependencies: Dependency "jboss.j2ee:module=kernel-ejb-1.3-SNAPSHOT.jar,service=EjbModule" (should be in state "Create", but is actually in state " NOT FOUND Depends on 'jboss.j2ee:module=kernel-ejb-1.3-SNAPSHOT.jar,service=EjbModule' ") Deployment "jboss.j2ee:module="kernel-ejb-1.3-SNAPSHOT.jar",service=EjbModule" is missing the following dependencies: Dependency "gehc.com:service=KernelServiceMBean" (should be in state "Create", but is actually in state "Configured") DEPLOYMENTS IN ERROR: Deployment "jboss.j2ee:module=kernel-ejb-1.3-SNAPSHOT.jar,service=EjbModule" is in error due to the following reason(s): ** NOT FOUND Depends on 'jboss.j2ee:module=kernel-ejb-1.3-SNAPSHOT.jar,service=EjbModule' ** 11:16:24,003 INFO [Http11Protocol] Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-127.0.0.1-8080 11:16:24,034 INFO [AjpProtocol] Starting Coyote AJP/1.3 on ajp-127.0.0.1-8009 11:16:24,050 INFO [ServerImpl] JBoss (Microcontainer) [5.1.0.GA (build: SVNTag=JBoss_5_1_0_GA date=200905221053)] Started in 1m:49s:575ms I had marked the error with bold, there is some circular dependency also. Thanks Ravi S

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• Cisco PIX 8.0.4, static address mapping not working?

  - by Bill

  upgrading a working Pix running 5.3.1 to 8.0.4. The memory/IOS upgrade went fine, but the 8.0.4 configuration is not quite working 100%. The 5.3.1 config on which it was based is working fine. Basically, I have three networks (inside, outside, dmz) with some addresses on the dmz statically mapped to outside addresses. The problem seems to be that those addresses can't send or receive traffic from the outside (Internet.) Stuff on the DMZ that does not have a static mapping seems to work fine. So, basically: Inside - outside: works Inside - DMZ: works DMZ - inside: works, where the rules allow it DMZ (non-static) - outside: works But: DMZ (static) - outside: fails Outside - DMZ: fails (So, say, udp 1194 traffic to .102, http to .104) I suspect there's something I'm missing with the nat/global section of the config, but can't for the life of me figure out what. Help, anyone? The complete configuration is below. Thanks for any thoughts! ! PIX Version 8.0(4) ! hostname firewall domain-name asasdkpaskdspakdpoak.com enable password xxxxxxxx encrypted passwd xxxxxxxx encrypted names ! interface Ethernet0 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address XX.XX.XX.100 255.255.255.224 ! interface Ethernet1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 192.168.68.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Ethernet2 nameif dmz security-level 10 ip address 192.168.69.1 255.255.255.0 ! boot system flash:/image.bin ftp mode passive dns server-group DefaultDNS domain-name asasdkpaskdspakdpoak.com access-list acl_out extended permit udp any host XX.XX.XX.102 eq 1194 access-list acl_out extended permit tcp any host XX.XX.XX.104 eq www access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp host 192.168.69.10 host 192.168.68.17 eq ssh access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp 10.71.83.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.68.0 255.255.255.0 eq ssh access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp 10.71.83.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.68.0 255.255.255.0 eq 5901 access-list acl_dmz extended permit udp host 192.168.69.103 any eq ntp access-list acl_dmz extended permit udp host 192.168.69.103 any eq domain access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp host 192.168.69.103 any eq www access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp host 192.168.69.100 host 192.168.68.101 eq 3306 access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp host 192.168.69.100 host 192.168.68.102 eq 3306 access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp host 192.168.69.101 host 192.168.68.101 eq 3306 access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp host 192.168.69.101 host 192.168.68.102 eq 3306 access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp 10.71.83.0 255.255.255.0 host 192.168.68.101 eq 3306 access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp 10.71.83.0 255.255.255.0 host 192.168.68.102 eq 3306 access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp host 192.168.69.104 host 192.168.68.101 eq 3306 access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp host 192.168.69.104 host 192.168.68.102 eq 3306 access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp 10.71.83.0 255.255.255.0 host 192.168.69.104 eq 8080 access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp 10.71.83.0 255.255.255.0 host 192.168.69.104 eq 8099 access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp host 192.168.69.105 any eq www access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp host 192.168.69.103 any eq smtp access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp host 192.168.69.105 host 192.168.68.103 eq ssh access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp host 192.168.69.104 any eq www access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp host 192.168.69.100 any eq www access-list acl_dmz extended permit tcp host 192.168.69.100 any eq https pager lines 24 mtu outside 1500 mtu inside 1500 mtu dmz 1500 icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 global (outside) 1 interface nat (inside) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 nat (dmz) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 static (dmz,outside) XX.XX.XX.103 192.168.69.11 netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,dmz) 192.168.68.17 192.168.68.17 netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,dmz) 192.168.68.100 192.168.68.100 netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,dmz) 192.168.68.101 192.168.68.101 netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,dmz) 192.168.68.102 192.168.68.102 netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,dmz) 192.168.68.103 192.168.68.103 netmask 255.255.255.255 static (dmz,outside) XX.XX.XX.104 192.168.69.100 netmask 255.255.255.255 static (dmz,outside) XX.XX.XX.105 192.168.69.105 netmask 255.255.255.255 static (dmz,outside) XX.XX.XX.102 192.168.69.10 netmask 255.255.255.255 access-group acl_out in interface outside access-group acl_dmz in interface dmz route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 XX.XX.XX.97 1 route dmz 10.71.83.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.69.10 1 timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart crypto ipsec security-association lifetime seconds 28800 crypto ipsec security-association lifetime kilobytes 4608000 telnet 192.168.68.17 255.255.255.255 inside telnet timeout 5 ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 threat-detection basic-threat threat-detection statistics access-list no threat-detection statistics tcp-intercept ! class-map inspection_default match default-inspection-traffic ! ! policy-map type inspect dns preset_dns_map parameters message-length maximum 512 policy-map global_policy class inspection_default inspect dns preset_dns_map inspect ftp inspect h323 h225 inspect h323 ras inspect netbios inspect rsh inspect rtsp inspect skinny inspect esmtp inspect sqlnet inspect sunrpc inspect tftp inspect sip inspect xdmcp ! service-policy global_policy global prompt hostname context Cryptochecksum:2d1bb2dee2d7a3e45db63a489102d7de

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• PHP: Proper way of using a PDO database connection in a class

  - by Cortopasta

  Trying to organize all my code into classes, and I can't get the database queries to work inside a class. I tested it without the class wrapper, and it worked fine. Inside the class = no dice. What about my classes is messing this up? class ac { public function dbConnect() { global $dbcon; $dbInfo['server'] = "localhost"; $dbInfo['database'] = "sn"; $dbInfo['username'] = "sn"; $dbInfo['password'] = "password"; $con = "mysql:host=" . $dbInfo['server'] . "; dbname=" . $dbInfo['database']; $dbcon = new PDO($con, $dbInfo['username'], $dbInfo['password']); $dbcon->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION); $error = $dbcon->errorInfo(); if($error[0] != "") { print "<p>DATABASE CONNECTION ERROR:</p>"; print_r($error); } } public function authentication() { global $dbcon; $plain_username = $_POST['username']; $md5_password = md5($_POST['password']); $ac = new ac(); if (is_int($ac->check_credentials($plain_username, $md5_password))) { ?> <p>Welcome!</p> <!--go to account manager here--> <?php } else { ?> <p>Not a valid username and/or password. Please try again.</p> <?php unset($_POST['username']); unset($_POST['password']); $ui = new ui(); $ui->start(); } } private function check_credentials($plain_username, $md5_password) { global $dbcon; $userid = $dbcon->prepare('SELECT id FROM users WHERE username = :username AND password = :password LIMIT 1'); $userid->bindParam(':username', $plain_username); $userid->bindParam(':password', $md5_password); $userid->execute(); print_r($dbcon->errorInfo()); $id = $userid->fetch(); Return $id; } } And if it's any help, here's the class that's calling it: require_once("ac/acclass.php"); $ac = new ac(); $ac->dbconnect(); class ui { public function start() { if ((!isset($_POST['username'])) && (!isset($_POST['password']))) { $ui = new ui(); $ui->loginform(); } else { $ac = new ac(); $ac->authentication(); } } private function loginform() { ?> <form id="userlogin" action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>" method="post"> User:<input type="text" name="username"/><br/> Password:<input type="password" name="password"/><br/> <input type="submit" value="submit"/> </form> <?php } }

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• Fatal error on a non-object

  - by Chris Leah

  Hey, so I have created a function to check the DB for unique entries, but when I call the function it doesn't seem to work and gives me a fatal error any ideas ? Thanks :) //Check for unique entries function checkUnique($table, $field, $compared) { $query = $mysqli->query('SELECT '.$mysqli->real_escape_string($field).' FROM '.$mysqli->real_escape_string($table).' WHERE "'.$mysqli->real_escape_string($field).'" = "'.$mysqli->real_escape_string($compared).'"'); if(!$query){ return TRUE; } else { return FALSE; } } The page calling it..... //Start session session_start(); //Check if the session is already set, if so re-direct to the game if(isset($_SESSION['id'], $_SESSION['logged_in'])){ Header('Location: ../main/index.php'); }; //Require database connection require_once('../global/includes/db.php'); require_once('../global/functions/functions.php'); //Check if the form has been submitted if (isset($_POST['signup'])){ //Validate input if (!empty($_POST['username']) && !empty($_POST['password']) && $_POST['password']==$_POST['password_confirm'] && !empty($_POST['email']) && validateEmail($_POST['email']) == TRUE && checkUnique('users', 'email', $_POST['email']) == TRUE && checkUnique('users', 'username', $_POST['username']) == TRUE) { //Insert user to the database $insert_user = $mysqli->query('INSERT INTO (`username, `password`, `email`, `verification_key`) VALUES ("'.$mysqli->real_escape_string($_POST['username']).'", "'.$mysqli-real_escape_string(md5($_POST['password'])).'", "'.$mysqli->real_escape_string($_POST['email']).'", "'.randomString('alnum', 32). '"') or die($mysqli->error()); //Get user information $getUser = $mysqli->query('SELECT id, username, email, verification_key FROM users WHERE username = "'.$mysqli->real_escape_string($_POST['username']).'"' or die($mysqli->error())); //Check if the $getUser returns true if ($getUser->num_rows == 1) { //Fetch associated fields to this user $row = $getUser->fetch_assoc(); //Set mail() variables $headers = 'From: [email protected]'."\r\n". 'Reply-To: [email protected]'."\r\n". 'X-Mailer: PHP/'.phpversion(); $subject = 'Activate your account (Music Battles.net)'; //Set verification email message $message = 'Dear '.$row['username'].', I would like to welcome you to Music Battles. Although in order to enjoy the gmae you must first activate your account. \n\n Click the following link: http://www.musicbattles.net/home/confirm.php?id='.$row['id'].'key='.$row['verification_key'].'\n Thanks for signing up, enjoy the game! \n Music Battles Team'; //Attempts to send the email if (mail($row['email'], $subject, $message, $headers)) { $msg = '<p class="success">Accound has been created, please go activate it from your email.</p>'; } else { $error = '<p class="error">The account was created but your email was not sent.</p>'; } } else { $error = '<p class="error">Your account was not created.</p>'; } } else { $error = '<p class="error">One or more fields contain non or invalid data.</p>'; } } Erorr.... Fatal error: Call to a member function query() on a non-object in /home/mbattles/public_html/global/functions/functions.php on line 5

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• PHP: Writing non-english characters to XML - encoding problem

  - by Dean

  Hello, I wrote a small PHP script to edit the site news XML file. I used DOM to manipulate the XML (Loading, writing, editing). It works fine when writing English characters, but when non-English characters are written, PHP throws an error when trying to load the file. If I manually type non-English characters into the file - it's loaded perfectly fine, but if PHP writes the non-English characters the encoding goes wrong, although I specified the utf-8 encoding. Any help is appreciated. Errors: Warning: DOMDocument::load() [domdocument.load]: Entity 'times' not defined in filepath Warning: DOMDocument::load() [domdocument.load]: Input is not proper UTF-8, indicate encoding ! Bytes: 0x91 0x26 0x74 0x69 in filepath Here are the functions responsible for loading and saving the file (self-explanatory): function get_tags_from_xml(){ // Load news entries from XML file for display $errors = Array(); if(!$xml_file = load_news_file()){ // Load file // String indicates error presence $errors = "file not found"; return $errors; } $taglist = $xml_file->getElementsByTagName("text"); return $taglist; } function set_news_lang(){ // Sets the news language global $news_lang; if($_POST["news-lang"]){ $news_lang = htmlentities($_POST["news-lang"]); } elseif($_GET["news-lang"]){ $news_lang = htmlentities($_GET["news-lang"]); } else{ $news_lang = "he"; } } function load_news_file(){ // Load XML news file for proccessing, depending on language global $news_lang; $doc = new DOMDocument('1.0','utf-8'); // Create new XML document $doc->load("news_{$news_lang}.xml"); // Load news file by language $doc->formatOutput = true; // Nicely format the file return $doc; } function save_news_file($doc){ // Save XML news file, depending on language global $news_lang; $doc->saveXML($doc->documentElement); $doc->save("news_{$news_lang}.xml"); } Here is the code for writing to XML (add news): <?php ob_start()?> <?php include("include/xml_functions.php")?> <?php include("../include/functions.php")?> <?php get_lang();?> <?php //TODO: ADD USER AUTHENTICATION! if(isset($_POST["news"]) && isset($_POST["news-lang"])){ set_news_lang(); $news = htmlentities($_POST["news"]); $xml_doc = load_news_file(); $news_list = $xml_doc->getElementsByTagName("text"); // Get all existing news from file $doc_root_element = $xml_doc->getElementsByTagName("news")->item(0); // Get the root element of the new XML document $new_news_entry = $xml_doc->createElement("text",$news); // Create the submited news entry $doc_root_element->appendChild($new_news_entry); // Append submited news entry $xml_doc->appendChild($doc_root_element); save_news_file($xml_doc); header("Location: /cpanel/index.php?lang={$lang}&news-lang={$news_lang}"); } else{ header("Location: /cpanel/index.php?lang={$lang}&news-lang={$news_lang}"); } ?> <?php ob_end_flush()?>

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• What is the best way to solve an Objective-C namespace collision?

  - by Mecki

  Objective-C has no namespaces; it's much like C, everything is within one global namespace. Common practice is to prefix classes with initials, e.g. if you are working at IBM, you could prefix them with "IBM"; if you work for Microsoft, you could use "MS"; and so on. Sometimes the initials refer to the project, e.g. Adium prefixes classes with "AI" (as there is no company behind it of that you could take the initials). Apple prefixes classes with NS and says this prefix is reserved for Apple only. So far so well. But appending 2 to 4 letters to a class name in front is a very, very limited namespace. E.g. MS or AI could have an entirely different meanings (AI could be Artificial Intelligence for example) and some other developer might decide to use them and create an equally named class. Bang, namespace collision. Okay, if this is a collision between one of your own classes and one of an external framework you are using, you can easily change the naming of your class, no big deal. But what if you use two external frameworks, both frameworks that you don't have the source to and that you can't change? Your application links with both of them and you get name conflicts. How would you go about solving these? What is the best way to work around them in such a way that you can still use both classes? In C you can work around these by not linking directly to the library, instead you load the library at runtime, using dlopen(), then find the symbol you are looking for using dlsym() and assign it to a global symbol (that you can name any way you like) and then access it through this global symbol. E.g. if you have a conflict because some C library has a function named open(), you could define a variable named myOpen and have it point to the open() function of the library, thus when you want to use the system open(), you just use open() and when you want to use the other one, you access it via the myOpen identifier. Is something similar possible in Objective-C and if not, is there any other clever, tricky solution you can use resolve namespace conflicts? Any ideas? Update: Just to clarify this: answers that suggest how to avoid namespace collisions in advance or how to create a better namespace are certainly welcome; however, I will not accept them as the answer since they don't solve my problem. I have two libraries and their class names collide. I can't change them; I don't have the source of either one. The collision is already there and tips on how it could have been avoided in advance won't help anymore. I can forward them to the developers of these frameworks and hope they choose a better namespace in the future, but for the time being I'm searching a solution to work with the frameworks right now within a single application. Any solutions to make this possible?

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• How does this main domain have a CNAME record?

  - by TRiG

  I was under the impression that only subdomains could have CNAME records: main domains need to define all their own records. However, apt-get.com seems to have only a CNAME record. How can this work? $ dig apt-get.com ; <<>> DiG 9.8.1-P1 <<>> apt-get.com ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 45743 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 9, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;apt-get.com. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: apt-get.com. 86336 IN CNAME thie5ku9.dsgeneration.com. thie5ku9.dsgeneration.com. 60 IN A 208.73.211.242 thie5ku9.dsgeneration.com. 60 IN A 208.73.211.246 thie5ku9.dsgeneration.com. 60 IN A 208.73.211.166 thie5ku9.dsgeneration.com. 60 IN A 208.73.211.232 thie5ku9.dsgeneration.com. 60 IN A 208.73.211.161 thie5ku9.dsgeneration.com. 60 IN A 208.73.210.233 thie5ku9.dsgeneration.com. 60 IN A 208.73.211.186 thie5ku9.dsgeneration.com. 60 IN A 208.73.211.188 ;; Query time: 59 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Tue Jun 10 15:05:48 2014 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 193 $ dig apt-get.com ns ; <<>> DiG 9.8.1-P1 <<>> apt-get.com ns ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: SERVFAIL, id: 43831 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;apt-get.com. IN NS ;; Query time: 26 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Tue Jun 10 15:12:37 2014 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 29 $ dig apt-get.com ns @b.gtld-servers.net ; <<>> DiG 9.8.1-P1 <<>> apt-get.com ns @b.gtld-servers.net ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 38228 ;; flags: qr rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 2 ;; WARNING: recursion requested but not available ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;apt-get.com. IN NS ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: apt-get.com. 172800 IN NS ns1.domainrecover.com. apt-get.com. 172800 IN NS ns2.domainrecover.com. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns1.domainrecover.com. 172800 IN A 66.45.232.66 ns2.domainrecover.com. 172800 IN A 65.23.159.179 ;; Query time: 70 msec ;; SERVER: 192.33.14.30#53(192.33.14.30) ;; WHEN: Tue Jun 10 15:07:05 2014 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 111 The domain does resolve. I get the following headers: GET / HTTP/1.1 User-Agent: Testing_Sniffer/4.15 Host: apt-get.com Accept: */* HTTP/1.0 200 (OK) Cache-Control: private, no-cache, must-revalidate Connection: Keep-Alive Pragma: no-cache Server: Oversee Turing v1.0.0 Content-Length: 1347 Content-Type: text/html Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT Keep-Alive: timeout=3, max=96 P3P: policyref="http://www.dsparking.com/w3c/p3p.xml", CP="NOI DSP COR ADMa OUR NOR STA" Set-Cookie: parkinglot=1; domain=.apt-get.com; path=/; expires=Wed, 11-Jun-2014 14:10:37 GMT <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/frameset.dtd"> <!-- turing_cluster_prod --> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>apt-get.com</title> <meta name="keywords" content="apt-get.com" /> <meta name="description" content="apt-get.com" /> <meta name="robots" content="index, follow" /> <meta name="revisit-after" content="10" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <script type="text/javascript"> document.cookie = "jsc=1"; </script> </head> <frameset rows="100%,*" frameborder="no" border="0" framespacing="0"> <frame src="http://apt-get.com?epl=5PfLSSqWrYDAt-gbwMDK_rA3b1UJCYVTJHfxTzr9FTDQV84b6vAgVhU3FTeCRQNiuRNv79Ni0V3mkEVNRhpqo2gpMjp5iOIR1w2_EISPENaqzoXohVXl2QI3ryXlRCB4FaIIaxynnWXWY6QBgBgNiIZ6agD1NBoNGg0ajXpUCXUAIJDer78AAOB_AwAAQIDbCwAAe_NWlVlTJllBMTZoWkKPAAAA8A" name="apt-get.com"> </frameset> <noframes> <body><a href="http://apt-get.com?epl=5PfLSSqWrYDAt-gbwMDK_rA3b1UJCYVTJHfxTzr9FTDQV84b6vAgVhU3FTeCRQNiuRNv79Ni0V3mkEVNRhpqo2gpMjp5iOIR1w2_EISPENaqzoXohVXl2QI3ryXlRCB4FaIIaxynnWXWY6QBgBgNiIZ6agD1NBoNGg0ajXpUCXUAIJDer78AAOB_AwAAQIDbCwAAe_NWlVlTJllBMTZoWkKPAAAA8A">Click here to go to apt-get.com</a>.</body> </noframes> </html>

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• Decentralized synchronized secure data storage

  - by Alberich

  Introduction Hi, I am going to ask a question which seems utopic for me, but I need to know if there is a way to achieve what I need. And if not, I need to know why not. The idea Suppose I have a database structure, in MySql. I want to create some solution to allow anyone (no matter who, no matter where) to have a synchronized copy (updated clone) of this database (with its content) Well, and it is not going to be just one synchronized copy, it could (and should) be a multiple replication (supposing the basic, this means, for example, ten copies all over the world) And, the most important thing: It must be secure. By secure I mean only real-accepted transactions will be synchronized with all the others (no matter how many) database copies/clones. Note: Since it would be quite difficult to make the synchronization in real-time, I will design everything to make this feature dispensable. So it is not required. My auto-suggestion This is how I am thinking to manage it: Time identifiers and Updates checking: Every action (insert, update, delete...) will be stored as the action instruction itself, associated to the time identifier. [I think better than a DATETIME field, it'll be an INT one, with the number of miliseconds passed from 1st january 2013 on, for example]. So each copy is going to ask to the "neighbour copy" for new actions done since last update, and execute them after checking they are allowed. Problem 1: the "neighbour copy" could be outdated too. Solution 1: do not ask just one neighbour, create a random list with some of the copies/clones and ask them for news (I could avoid the list and ask ALL the clones for updates, but this will be inefficient if clones number ascends too much). Problem 2: Real-time global synchronization is not active. What if... Someone at CLONE_ENTERPRISING inserts a row into TABLE. ... this row goes to every clone ... Someone at CLONE_FIXEMALL deletes this row. ... and at the same time, somewhere in an outdated clone ... Someone at CLONE_DROPOUT edits this row (now inexistent at the other clones) Solution 2: easy stuff, force a GLOBAL synchronization before doing any new "depending-on-third-data action" (edit, for example). This global synch. will be unnecessary when making an INSERT, for instance. Note: Well, someone could have some fun, and make the same insert in two clones... since they're not getting updated in real-time, this row will exist twice. But, it's the same as when we have one single database, in some needed cases we check if there is an existing same-row before doing the final action. Not a problem. Problem 3: It is possible to edit the code and do not filter actions, so someone could spread instructions to delete everything, or just make some trolling activity. This is not a problem, since good clones will always be somewhere. Those who got bad won't interest anymore. I really appreciate if you read. I know this is not the perfect solution, it has possibly hundred of holes, but it is my basic start. I will now appreciate anything you can teach me now. Thanks a lot. PS.: It could be that all this I am trying already exists and has its own name. Sorry for asking then (I'd anyway thank this name, if it exists)

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• Looking for best practise for writing a serial device communication app in C#

  - by cdotlister

  I am pretty new to serial comms, but would like advise on how to best achieve a robust application which speak to and listens to a serial device. I have managed to make use of System.IO.serialport, and successfully connected to, sent data to and recieved from my device. The way things work is this. My application connects to the Com Port and opens the port.... I then connect my device to the com port, and it detects a connectio to the PC, so sends a bit of text. it's really just copyright info, as well as the version of the firmware. I don't do anything with that, except display it in my 'activity' window. The device then waits. I can then query information, but sending a command such as 'QUERY PARAMETER1'. It then replies with something like: 'QUERY PARAMETER1\r\n\r\n76767\r\n\r\n' I then process that. I can then update it by sending 'SET PARAMETER1 12345', and it will reply with 'QUERY PARAMETER1\r\n\r\n12345\r\n\r\n'. All pretty basic. So, what I have done is created a Communication Class. this call is called in it's own thread, and sends data back to the main form... and also allows me to send messages to it. Sending data is easy. Recieving is a bit more tricky. I have employed the use of the datarecieved event, and when ever data comes in, I echo that to my screen. My problem is this: When I send a command, I feel I am being very dodgy in my handling. What I am doing is, lets say I am sending 'QUERY PARAMETER1'. I send the command to the device, I then put 'PARAMETER1' into a global variable, and I do a Thread.Sleep(100). On the data recieved, I then have a bit of logic that checks the incoming data, and sees if the string CONTAINS the value in the gloabl variable. As the reply may be 'QUERY PARAMETER1\r\n\r\n76767\r\n\r\n', it sees that it contains my parameter, parses the string, and returns the value I am looking for, but placing it into another global variable. My sending method was sleeping for 100ms. It then wakes, and checks the returned global variable. If it has data... then I'm happy, and I process the data. Problem is... if the sleep is too short.. it will fail. And I feel it's flakey.. putting stuff into variables.. then waiting... The other option is to use ReadLine instead, but that's very blocking. So I remove the datarecieved method, and instead... just send the data... then call ReadLine(). That may give me better results. There's no time, except when we connect initially, that data comes from the device, without me requesting it. So, maybe readline will be simpler and safer? Is this known as 'Blocking' reads? Also, can I set a timeout? Hopefully someone can guide me.

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• Nginx + PHP-FPM on Centos 6.5 gives me 502 Bad Gateway (fpm error: unable to read what child say: Bad file descriptor)

  - by Latheesan Kanes

  I am setting up a standard LEMP stack. My current setup is giving me the following error: 502 Bad Gateway This is what is currently installed on my server: Here's the configurations I've created/updated so far, can some one take a look at the following and see where the error might be? I've already checked my logs, there's nothing in there (http://i.imgur.com/iRq3ksb.png). And I saw the following in /var/log/php-fpm/error.log file. sidenote: both the nginx and php-fpm has been configured to run under a local account called www-data and the following folders exits on the server nginx.conf global nginx configuration user www-data; worker_processes 6; worker_rlimit_nofile 100000; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log crit; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 2048; use epoll; multi_accept on; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; # cache informations about FDs, frequently accessed files can boost performance open_file_cache max=200000 inactive=20s; open_file_cache_valid 30s; open_file_cache_min_uses 2; open_file_cache_errors on; # to boost IO on HDD we can disable access logs access_log off; # copies data between one FD and other from within the kernel # faster then read() + write() sendfile on; # send headers in one peace, its better then sending them one by one tcp_nopush on; # don't buffer data sent, good for small data bursts in real time tcp_nodelay on; # server will close connection after this time keepalive_timeout 60; # number of requests client can make over keep-alive -- for testing keepalive_requests 100000; # allow the server to close connection on non responding client, this will free up memory reset_timedout_connection on; # request timed out -- default 60 client_body_timeout 60; # if client stop responding, free up memory -- default 60 send_timeout 60; # reduce the data that needs to be sent over network gzip on; gzip_min_length 10240; gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private auth; gzip_types text/plain text/css text/xml text/javascript application/x-javascript application/xml; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\."; # Load vHosts include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; } conf.d/www.domain.com.conf my vhost entry ## Nginx php-fpm Upstream upstream wwwdomaincom { server unix:/var/run/php-fcgi-www-data.sock; } ## Global Config client_max_body_size 10M; server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; ## Web Server Config server { ## Server Info listen 80; server_name domain.com *.domain.com; root /home/www-data/public_html; index index.html index.php; ## Error log error_log /home/www-data/logs/nginx-errors.log; ## DocumentRoot setup location / { try_files $uri $uri/ @handler; expires 30d; } ## These locations would be hidden by .htaccess normally #location /app/ { deny all; } ## Disable .htaccess and other hidden files location /. { return 404; } ## Magento uses a common front handler location @handler { rewrite / /index.php; } ## Forward paths like /js/index.php/x.js to relevant handler location ~ .php/ { rewrite ^(.*.php)/ $1 last; } ## Execute PHP scripts location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; expires off; fastcgi_read_timeout 900; fastcgi_pass wwwdomaincom; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } ## GZip Compression gzip on; gzip_comp_level 8; gzip_min_length 1000; gzip_proxied any; gzip_types text/plain application/xml text/css text/js application/x-javascript; } /etc/php-fpm.d/www-data.conf my php-fpm pool config ## Nginx php-fpm Upstream upstream wwwdomaincom { server unix:/var/run/php-fcgi-www-data.sock; } ## Global Config client_max_body_size 10M; server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; ## Web Server Config server { ## Server Info listen 80; server_name domain.com *.domain.com; root /home/www-data/public_html; index index.html index.php; ## Error log error_log /home/www-data/logs/nginx-errors.log; ## DocumentRoot setup location / { try_files $uri $uri/ @handler; expires 30d; } ## These locations would be hidden by .htaccess normally #location /app/ { deny all; } ## Disable .htaccess and other hidden files location /. { return 404; } ## Magento uses a common front handler location @handler { rewrite / /index.php; } ## Forward paths like /js/index.php/x.js to relevant handler location ~ .php/ { rewrite ^(.*.php)/ $1 last; } ## Execute PHP scripts location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; expires off; fastcgi_read_timeout 900; fastcgi_pass wwwdomaincom; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } ## GZip Compression gzip on; gzip_comp_level 8; gzip_min_length 1000; gzip_proxied any; gzip_types text/plain application/xml text/css text/js application/x-javascript; } I've got a file in /home/www-data/public_html/index.php with the code <?php phpinfo(); ?> (file uploaded as user www-data).

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• How to use XSLT to tag specific nodes with unique, sequential, increasing integer ids?

  - by ~otakuj462

  Hi, I'm trying to use XSLT to transform a document by tagging a group of XML nodes with integer ids, starting at 0, and increasing by one for each node in the group. The XML passed into the stylesheet should be echoed out, but augmented to include this extra information. Just to be clear about what I am talking about, here is how this transformation would be expressed using DOM: states = document.getElementsByTagName("state"); for( i = 0; i < states.length; i++){ states.stateNum = i; } This is very simple with DOM, but I'm having much more trouble doing this with XSLT. The current strategy I've devised has been to start with the identity transformation, then create a global variable which selects and stores all of the nodes that I wish to number. I then create a template that matches that kind of node. The idea, then, is that in the template, I would look up the matched node's position in the global variable nodelist, which would give me a unique number that I could then set as an attribute. The problem with this approach is that the position function can only be used with the context node, so something like the following is illegal: <template match="state"> <variable name="stateId" select="@id"/> <variable name="uniqueStateNum" select="$globalVariable[@id = $stateId]/position()"/> </template> The same is true for the following: <template match="state"> <variable name="stateId" select="@id" <variable name="stateNum" select="position($globalVariable[@id = $stateId])/"/> </template> In order to use position() to look up the position of an element in $globalVariable, the context node must be changed. I have found a solution, but it is highly suboptimal. Basically, in the template, I use for-each to iterate through the global variable. For-each changes the context node, so this allows me to use position() in the way I described. The problem is that this turns what would normally be an O(n) operation into an O(n^2) operation, where n is the length of the nodelist, as this require iterating through the whole list whenever the template is matched. I think that there must be a more elegant solution. Altogether, here is my current (slightly simplified) xslt stylesheet: <?xml version="1.0"?> <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2005/07/scxml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/07/scxml" xmlns:c="http://msdl.cs.mcgill.ca/" version="1.0"> <xsl:output method="xml"/> <!-- we copy them, so that we can use their positions as identifiers --> <xsl:variable name="states" select="//s:state" /> <!-- identity transform --> <xsl:template match="@*|node()"> <xsl:copy> <xsl:apply-templates select="@*|node()"/> </xsl:copy> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="s:state"> <xsl:variable name="stateId"> <xsl:value-of select="@id"/> </xsl:variable> <xsl:copy> <xsl:apply-templates select="@*"/> <xsl:for-each select="$states"> <xsl:if test="@id = $stateId"> <xsl:attribute name="stateNum" namespace="http://msdl.cs.mcgill.ca/"> <xsl:value-of select="position()"/> </xsl:attribute> </xsl:if> </xsl:for-each> <xsl:apply-templates select="node()"/> </xsl:copy> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> I'd appreciate any advice anyone can offer. Thanks.

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• mine phrases (up to 3 words) from a given text

  - by DS_web_developer

  I asked before for a simple solution to my problem (using sphinx search service) but I got nowhere... someone has kindly provided me with this code <?php /** * $Project: GeoGraph $ * $Id$ * * GeoGraph geographic photo archive project * This file copyright (C) 2005 Barry Hunter ([email protected]) * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 * of the License, or (at your option) any later version. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */ /** * Provides the methods for updating the worknet tables * * @package Geograph * @author Barry Hunter <[email protected]> * @version $Revision$ */ function addTwoLetterPhrase($phrase) { global $w2; $w2[$phrase] = (isset($w2[$phrase]))?($w2[$phrase]+1):1; } function addThreeLetterPhrase($phrase) { global $w3; $w3[$phrase] = (isset($w3[$phrase]))?($w3[$phrase]+1):1; } function updateWordnet(&$db,$text,$field,$id) { global $w1,$w2,$w3; $alltext = strtolower(preg_replace('/\W+/',' ',str_replace("'",'',$text))); if (strlen($text)< 1) return; $words = preg_split('/ /',$alltext); $w1 = array(); $w2 = array(); $w3 = array(); //build a list of one word phrases foreach ($words as $word) { $w1[$word] = (isset($w1[$word]))?($w1[$word]+1):1; } //build a list of two word phrases $text = $alltext; $text = preg_replace('/(\w+) (\w+)/e','addTwoLetterPhrase("$1 $2")',$text); $text = $alltext; $text = preg_replace('/(\w+)/','',$text,1); $text = preg_replace('/(\w+) (\w+)/e','addTwoLetterPhrase("$1 $2")',$text); //build a list of three word phrases $text = $alltext; $text = preg_replace('/(\w+) (\w+) (\w+)/e','addThreeLetterPhrase("$1 $2 $3")',$text); $text = $alltext; $text = preg_replace('/(\w+)/','',$text,1); $text = preg_replace('/(\w+) (\w+) (\w+)/e','addThreeLetterPhrase("$1 $2 $3")',$text); $text = $alltext; $text = preg_replace('/(\w+) (\w+)/','',$text,1); $text = preg_replace('/(\w+) (\w+) (\w+)/e','addThreeLetterPhrase("$1 $2 $3")',$text); foreach ($w1 as $word=>$count) { $db->Execute("insert into wordnet1 set gid = $id,words = '$word',$field = $count");// ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE $field=$field+$count"); } foreach ($w2 as $word=>$count) { $db->Execute("insert into wordnet2 set gid = $id,words = '$word',$field = $count"); } foreach ($w3 as $word=>$count) { $db->Execute("insert into wordnet3 set gid = $id,words = '$word',$field = $count"); } } ?> It works fine and does almost exactly what I need....... except.... it is not utf8 friendly... I mean... it splits whole words into parts (on special chars) where it shouldn't! so my guess is I should use multibyte functions instead of regular preg_replace... I tried to replace preg_replace with mb_ereg_replace but it is not working as it should... at least not for 2 and 3 words phrases any ideas?

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• SignalR Auto Disconnect when Page Changed in AngularJS

  - by Shaun

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/shaunxu/archive/2014/05/30/signalr-auto-disconnect-when-page-changed-in-angularjs.aspxIf we are using SignalR, the connection lifecycle was handled by itself very well. For example when we connect to SignalR service from browser through SignalR JavaScript Client the connection will be established. And if we refresh the page, close the tab or browser, or navigate to another URL then the connection will be closed automatically. This information had been well documented here. In a browser, SignalR client code that maintains a SignalR connection runs in the JavaScript context of a web page. That's why the SignalR connection has to end when you navigate from one page to another, and that's why you have multiple connections with multiple connection IDs if you connect from multiple browser windows or tabs. When the user closes a browser window or tab, or navigates to a new page or refreshes the page, the SignalR connection immediately ends because SignalR client code handles that browser event for you and calls the "Stop" method. But unfortunately this behavior doesn't work if we are using SignalR with AngularJS. AngularJS is a single page application (SPA) framework created by Google. It hijacks browser's address change event, based on the route table user defined, launch proper view and controller. Hence in AngularJS we address was changed but the web page still there. All changes of the page content are triggered by Ajax. So there's no page unload and load events. This is the reason why SignalR cannot handle disconnect correctly when works with AngularJS. If we dig into the source code of SignalR JavaScript Client source code we will find something below. It monitors the browser page "unload" and "beforeunload" event and send the "stop" message to server to terminate connection. But in AngularJS page change events were hijacked, so SignalR will not receive them and will not stop the connection. 1: // wire the stop handler for when the user leaves the page 2: _pageWindow.bind("unload", function () { 3: connection.log("Window unloading, stopping the connection."); 4:  5: connection.stop(asyncAbort); 6: }); 7:  8: if (isFirefox11OrGreater) { 9: // Firefox does not fire cross-domain XHRs in the normal unload handler on tab close. 10: // #2400 11: _pageWindow.bind("beforeunload", function () { 12: // If connection.stop() runs runs in beforeunload and fails, it will also fail 13: // in unload unless connection.stop() runs after a timeout. 14: window.setTimeout(function () { 15: connection.stop(asyncAbort); 16: }, 0); 17: }); 18: }   Problem Reproduce In the codes below I created a very simple example to demonstrate this issue. Here is the SignalR server side code. 1: public class GreetingHub : Hub 2: { 3: public override Task OnConnected() 4: { 5: Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Connected: {0}", Context.ConnectionId)); 6: return base.OnConnected(); 7: } 8:  9: public override Task OnDisconnected() 10: { 11: Debug.WriteLine(string.Format("Disconnected: {0}", Context.ConnectionId)); 12: return base.OnDisconnected(); 13: } 14:  15: public void Hello(string user) 16: { 17: Clients.All.hello(string.Format("Hello, {0}!", user)); 18: } 19: } Below is the configuration code which hosts SignalR hub in an ASP.NET WebAPI project with IIS Express. 1: public class Startup 2: { 3: public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app) 4: { 5: app.Map("/signalr", map => 6: { 7: map.UseCors(CorsOptions.AllowAll); 8: map.RunSignalR(new HubConfiguration() 9: { 10: EnableJavaScriptProxies = false 11: }); 12: }); 13: } 14: } Since we will host AngularJS application in Node.js in another process and port, the SignalR connection will be cross domain. So I need to enable CORS above. In client side I have a Node.js file to host AngularJS application as a web server. You can use any web server you like such as IIS, Apache, etc.. Below is the "index.html" page which contains a navigation bar so that I can change the page/state. As you can see I added jQuery, AngularJS, SignalR JavaScript Client Library as well as my AngularJS entry source file "app.js". 1: <html data-ng-app="demo"> 2: <head> 3: <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-2.1.0.js"></script> 1:  2: <script type="text/javascript" src="angular.js"> 1: </script> 2: <script type="text/javascript" src="angular-ui-router.js"> 1: </script> 2: <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.signalR-2.0.3.js"> 1: </script> 2: <script type="text/javascript" src="app.js"></script> 4: </head> 5: <body> 6: <h1>SignalR Auto Disconnect with AngularJS by Shaun</h1> 7: <div> 8: <a href="javascript:void(0)" data-ui-sref="view1">View 1</a> | 9: <a href="javascript:void(0)" data-ui-sref="view2">View 2</a> 10: </div> 11: <div data-ui-view></div> 12: </body> 13: </html> Below is the "app.js". My SignalR logic was in the "View1" page and it will connect to server once the controller was executed. User can specify a user name and send to server, all clients that located in this page will receive the server side greeting message through SignalR. 1: 'use strict'; 2:  3: var app = angular.module('demo', ['ui.router']); 4:  5: app.config(['$stateProvider', '$locationProvider', function ($stateProvider, $locationProvider) { 6: $stateProvider.state('view1', { 7: url: '/view1', 8: templateUrl: 'view1.html', 9: controller: 'View1Ctrl' }); 10:  11: $stateProvider.state('view2', { 12: url: '/view2', 13: templateUrl: 'view2.html', 14: controller: 'View2Ctrl' }); 15:  16: $locationProvider.html5Mode(true); 17: }]); 18:  19: app.value('$', $); 20: app.value('endpoint', 'http://localhost:60448'); 21: app.value('hub', 'GreetingHub'); 22:  23: app.controller('View1Ctrl', function ($scope, $, endpoint, hub) { 24: $scope.user = ''; 25: $scope.response = ''; 26:  27: $scope.greeting = function () { 28: proxy.invoke('Hello', $scope.user) 29: .done(function () {}) 30: .fail(function (error) { 31: console.log(error); 32: }); 33: }; 34:  35: var connection = $.hubConnection(endpoint); 36: var proxy = connection.createHubProxy(hub); 37: proxy.on('hello', function (response) { 38: $scope.$apply(function () { 39: $scope.response = response; 40: }); 41: }); 42: connection.start() 43: .done(function () { 44: console.log('signlar connection established'); 45: }) 46: .fail(function (error) { 47: console.log(error); 48: }); 49: }); 50:  51: app.controller('View2Ctrl', function ($scope, $) { 52: }); When we went to View1 the server side "OnConnect" method will be invoked as below. And in any page we send the message to server, all clients will got the response. If we close one of the client, the server side "OnDisconnect" method will be invoked which is correct. But is we click "View 2" link in the page "OnDisconnect" method will not be invoked even though the content and browser address had been changed. This might cause many SignalR connections remain between the client and server. Below is what happened after I clicked "View 1" and "View 2" links four times. As you can see there are 4 live connections.   Solution Since the reason of this issue is because, AngularJS hijacks the page event that SignalR need to stop the connection, we can handle AngularJS route or state change event and stop SignalR connect manually. In the code below I moved the "connection" variant to global scope, added a handler to "$stateChangeStart" and invoked "stop" method of "connection" if its state was not "disconnected". 1: var connection; 2: app.run(['$rootScope', function ($rootScope) { 3: $rootScope.$on('$stateChangeStart', function () { 4: if (connection && connection.state && connection.state !== 4 /* disconnected */) { 5: console.log('signlar connection abort'); 6: connection.stop(); 7: } 8: }); 9: }]); Now if we refresh the page and navigated to View 1, the connection will be opened. At this state if we clicked "View 2" link the content will be changed and the SignalR connection will be closed automatically.   Summary In this post I demonstrated an issue when we are using SignalR with AngularJS. The connection cannot be closed automatically when we navigate to other page/state in AngularJS. And the solution I mentioned below is to move the SignalR connection as a global variant and close it manually when AngularJS route/state changed. You can download the full sample code here. Moving the SignalR connection as a global variant might not be a best solution. It's just for easy to demo here. In production code I suggest wrapping all SignalR operations into an AngularJS factory. Since AngularJS factory is a singleton object, we can safely put the connection variant in the factory function scope.   Hope this helps, Shaun All documents and related graphics, codes are provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind. Copyright © Shaun Ziyan Xu. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons License.

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• Java Logger API

  - by Koppar

  This is a more like a tip rather than technical write up and serves as a quick intro for newbies. The logger API helps to diagnose application level or JDK level issues at runtime. There are 7 levels which decide the detailing in logging (SEVERE, WARNING, INFO, CONFIG, FINE, FINER, FINEST). Its best to start with highest level and as we narrow down, use more detailed logging for a specific area. SEVERE is the highest and FINEST is the lowest. This may not make sense until we understand some jargon. The Logger class provides the ability to stream messages to an output stream in a format that can be controlled by the user. What this translates to is, I can create a logger with this simple invocation and use it add debug messages in my class: import java.util.logging.*; private static final Logger focusLog = Logger.getLogger("java.awt.focus.KeyboardFocusManager"); if (focusLog.isLoggable(Level.FINEST)) { focusLog.log(Level.FINEST, "Calling peer setCurrentFocusOwner}); LogManager acts like a book keeper and all the getLogger calls are forwarded to LogManager. The LogManager itself is a singleton class object which gets statically initialized on JVM start up. More on this later. If there is no existing logger with the given name, a new one is created. If there is one (and not yet GC’ed), then the existing Logger object is returned. By default, a root logger is created on JVM start up. All anonymous loggers are made as the children of the root logger. Named loggers have the hierarchy as per their name resolutions. Eg: java.awt.focus is the parent logger for java.awt.focus.KeyboardFocusManager etc. Before logging any message, the logger checks for the log level specified. If null is specified, the log level of the parent logger will be set. However, if the log level is off, no log messages would be written, irrespective of the parent’s log level. All the messages that are posted to the Logger are handled as a LogRecord object.i.e. FocusLog.log would create a new LogRecord object with the log level and message as its data members). The level of logging and thread number are also tracked. LogRecord is passed on to all the registered Handlers. Handler is basically a means to output the messages. The output may be redirected to either a log file or console or a network logging service. The Handler classes use the LogManager properties to set filters and formatters. During initialization or JVM start up, LogManager looks for logging.properties file in jre/lib and sets the properties if the file is provided. An alternate location for properties file can also be specified by setting java.util.logging.config.file system property. This can be set in Java Control Panel ? Java ? Runtime parameters as -Djava.util.logging.config.file = <mylogfile> or passed as a command line parameter java -Djava.util.logging.config.file = C:/Sunita/myLog The redirection of logging depends on what is specified rather registered as a handler with JVM in the properties file. java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler sends the output to system.err and java.util.logging.FileHandler sends the output to file. File name of the log file can also be specified. If you prefer XML format output, in the configuration file, set java.util.logging.FileHandler.formatter = java.util.logging.XMLFormatter and if you prefer simple text, set set java.util.logging.FileHandler.formatter =java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter Below is the default logging Configuration file: ############################################################ # Default Logging Configuration File # You can use a different file by specifying a filename # with the java.util.logging.config.file system property. # For example java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=myfile ############################################################ ############################################################ # Global properties ############################################################ # "handlers" specifies a comma separated list of log Handler # classes. These handlers will be installed during VM startup. # Note that these classes must be on the system classpath. # By default we only configure a ConsoleHandler, which will only # show messages at the INFO and above levels. handlers= java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler # To also add the FileHandler, use the following line instead. #handlers= java.util.logging.FileHandler, java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler # Default global logging level. # This specifies which kinds of events are logged across # all loggers. For any given facility this global level # can be overriden by a facility specific level # Note that the ConsoleHandler also has a separate level # setting to limit messages printed to the console. .level= INFO ############################################################ # Handler specific properties. # Describes specific configuration info for Handlers. ############################################################ # default file output is in user's home directory. java.util.logging.FileHandler.pattern = %h/java%u.log java.util.logging.FileHandler.limit = 50000 java.util.logging.FileHandler.count = 1 java.util.logging.FileHandler.formatter = java.util.logging.XMLFormatter # Limit the message that are printed on the console to INFO and above. java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level = INFO java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.formatter = java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter ############################################################ # Facility specific properties. # Provides extra control for each logger. ############################################################ # For example, set the com.xyz.foo logger to only log SEVERE # messages: com.xyz.foo.level = SEVERE Since I primarily use this method to track focus issues, here is how I get detailed awt focus related logging. Just set the logger name to java.awt.focus.level=FINEST and change the default log level to FINEST. Below is a basic sample program. The sample programs are from http://www2.cs.uic.edu/~sloan/CLASSES/java/ and have been modified to illustrate the logging API. By changing the .level property in the logging.properties file, one can control the output written to the logs. To play around with the example, try changing the levels in the logging.properties file and notice the difference in messages going to the log file. Example --------KeyboardReader.java------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- import java.io.*; import java.util.*; import java.util.logging.*; public class KeyboardReader { private static final Logger mylog = Logger.getLogger("samples.input"); public static void main (String[] args) throws java.io.IOException { String s1; String s2; double num1, num2, product; // set up the buffered reader to read from the keyboard BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader (new InputStreamReader (System.in)); System.out.println ("Enter a line of input"); s1 = br.readLine(); if (mylog.isLoggable(Level.SEVERE)) { mylog.log (Level.SEVERE,"The line entered is " + s1); } if (mylog.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) { mylog.log (Level.INFO,"The line has " + s1.length() + " characters"); } if (mylog.isLoggable(Level.FINE)) { mylog.log (Level.FINE,"Breaking the line into tokens we get:"); } int numTokens = 0; StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer (s1); while (st.hasMoreTokens()) { s2 = st.nextToken(); numTokens++; if (mylog.isLoggable(Level.FINEST)) { mylog.log (Level.FINEST, " Token " + numTokens + " is: " + s2); } } } } ----------MyFileReader.java---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- import java.io.*; import java.util.*; import java.util.logging.*; public class MyFileReader extends KeyboardReader { private static final Logger mylog = Logger.getLogger("samples.input.file"); public static void main (String[] args) throws java.io.IOException { String s1; String s2; // set up the buffered reader to read from the keyboard BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader (new FileReader ("MyFileReader.txt")); s1 = br.readLine(); if (mylog.isLoggable(Level.SEVERE)) { mylog.log (Level.SEVERE,"ATTN The line is " + s1); } if (mylog.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) { mylog.log (Level.INFO, "The line has " + s1.length() + " characters"); } if (mylog.isLoggable(Level.FINE)) { mylog.log (Level.FINE,"Breaking the line into tokens we get:"); } int numTokens = 0; StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer (s1); while (st.hasMoreTokens()) { s2 = st.nextToken(); numTokens++; if (mylog.isLoggable(Level.FINEST)) { mylog.log (Level.FINEST,"Breaking the line into tokens we get:"); mylog.log (Level.FINEST," Token " + numTokens + " is: " + s2); } } //end of while } // end of main } // end of class ----------MyFileReader.txt------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ My first logging example -------logging.properties------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- handlers= java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler, java.util.logging.FileHandler .level= FINEST java.util.logging.FileHandler.pattern = java%u.log java.util.logging.FileHandler.limit = 50000 java.util.logging.FileHandler.count = 1 java.util.logging.FileHandler.formatter = java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level = FINEST java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.formatter = java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter java.awt.focus.level=ALL ------Output log------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- May 21, 2012 11:44:55 AM MyFileReader main SEVERE: ATTN The line is My first logging example May 21, 2012 11:44:55 AM MyFileReader main INFO: The line has 24 characters May 21, 2012 11:44:55 AM MyFileReader main FINE: Breaking the line into tokens we get: May 21, 2012 11:44:55 AM MyFileReader main FINEST: Breaking the line into tokens we get: May 21, 2012 11:44:55 AM MyFileReader main FINEST: Token 1 is: My May 21, 2012 11:44:55 AM MyFileReader main FINEST: Breaking the line into tokens we get: May 21, 2012 11:44:55 AM MyFileReader main FINEST: Token 2 is: first May 21, 2012 11:44:55 AM MyFileReader main FINEST: Breaking the line into tokens we get: May 21, 2012 11:44:55 AM MyFileReader main FINEST: Token 3 is: logging May 21, 2012 11:44:55 AM MyFileReader main FINEST: Breaking the line into tokens we get: May 21, 2012 11:44:55 AM MyFileReader main FINEST: Token 4 is: example Invocation command: "C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.6.0_29\bin\java.exe" -Djava.util.logging.config.file=logging.properties MyFileReader References Further technical details are available here: http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.4.2/docs/guide/util/logging/overview.html#1.0 http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.4.2/docs/api/java/util/logging/package-summary.html http://www2.cs.uic.edu/~sloan/CLASSES/java/

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• Metro: Namespaces and Modules

  - by Stephen.Walther

  The goal of this blog entry is to describe how you can use the Windows JavaScript (WinJS) library to create namespaces. In particular, you learn how to use the WinJS.Namespace.define() and WinJS.Namespace.defineWithParent() methods. You also learn how to hide private methods by using the module pattern. Why Do We Need Namespaces? Before we do anything else, we should start by answering the question: Why do we need namespaces? What function do they serve? Do they just add needless complexity to our Metro applications? After all, plenty of JavaScript libraries do just fine without introducing support for namespaces. For example, jQuery has no support for namespaces and jQuery is the most popular JavaScript library in the universe. If jQuery can do without namespaces, why do we need to worry about namespaces at all? Namespaces perform two functions in a programming language. First, namespaces prevent naming collisions. In other words, namespaces enable you to create more than one object with the same name without conflict. For example, imagine that two companies – company A and company B – both want to make a JavaScript shopping cart control and both companies want to name the control ShoppingCart. By creating a CompanyA namespace and CompanyB namespace, both companies can create a ShoppingCart control: a CompanyA.ShoppingCart and a CompanyB.ShoppingCart control. The second function of a namespace is organization. Namespaces are used to group related functionality even when the functionality is defined in different physical files. For example, I know that all of the methods in the WinJS library related to working with classes can be found in the WinJS.Class namespace. Namespaces make it easier to understand the functionality available in a library. If you are building a simple JavaScript application then you won’t have much reason to care about namespaces. If you need to use multiple libraries written by different people then namespaces become very important. Using WinJS.Namespace.define() In the WinJS library, the most basic method of creating a namespace is to use the WinJS.Namespace.define() method. This method enables you to declare a namespace (of arbitrary depth). The WinJS.Namespace.define() method has the following parameters: · name – A string representing the name of the new namespace. You can add nested namespace by using dot notation · members – An optional collection of objects to add to the new namespace For example, the following code sample declares two new namespaces named CompanyA and CompanyB.Controls. Both namespaces contain a ShoppingCart object which has a checkout() method: // Create CompanyA namespace with ShoppingCart WinJS.Namespace.define("CompanyA"); CompanyA.ShoppingCart = { checkout: function (){ return "Checking out from A"; } }; // Create CompanyB.Controls namespace with ShoppingCart WinJS.Namespace.define( "CompanyB.Controls", { ShoppingCart: { checkout: function(){ return "Checking out from B"; } } } ); // Call CompanyA ShoppingCart checkout method console.log(CompanyA.ShoppingCart.checkout()); // Writes "Checking out from A" // Call CompanyB.Controls checkout method console.log(CompanyB.Controls.ShoppingCart.checkout()); // Writes "Checking out from B" In the code above, the CompanyA namespace is created by calling WinJS.Namespace.define(“CompanyA”). Next, the ShoppingCart is added to this namespace. The namespace is defined and an object is added to the namespace in separate lines of code. A different approach is taken in the case of the CompanyB.Controls namespace. The namespace is created and the ShoppingCart object is added to the namespace with the following single line of code: WinJS.Namespace.define( "CompanyB.Controls", { ShoppingCart: { checkout: function(){ return "Checking out from B"; } } } ); Notice that CompanyB.Controls is a nested namespace. The top level namespace CompanyB contains the namespace Controls. You can declare a nested namespace using dot notation and the WinJS library handles the details of creating one namespace within the other. After the namespaces have been defined, you can use either of the two shopping cart controls. You call CompanyA.ShoppingCart.checkout() or you can call CompanyB.Controls.ShoppingCart.checkout(). Using WinJS.Namespace.defineWithParent() The WinJS.Namespace.defineWithParent() method is similar to the WinJS.Namespace.define() method. Both methods enable you to define a new namespace. The difference is that the defineWithParent() method enables you to add a new namespace to an existing namespace. The WinJS.Namespace.defineWithParent() method has the following parameters: · parentNamespace – An object which represents a parent namespace · name – A string representing the new namespace to add to the parent namespace · members – An optional collection of objects to add to the new namespace The following code sample demonstrates how you can create a root namespace named CompanyA and add a Controls child namespace to the CompanyA parent namespace: WinJS.Namespace.define("CompanyA"); WinJS.Namespace.defineWithParent(CompanyA, "Controls", { ShoppingCart: { checkout: function () { return "Checking out"; } } } ); console.log(CompanyA.Controls.ShoppingCart.checkout()); // Writes "Checking out" One significant advantage of using the defineWithParent() method over the define() method is the defineWithParent() method is strongly-typed. In other words, you use an object to represent the base namespace instead of a string. If you misspell the name of the object (CompnyA) then you get a runtime error. Using the Module Pattern When you are building a JavaScript library, you want to be able to create both public and private methods. Some methods, the public methods, are intended to be used by consumers of your JavaScript library. The public methods act as your library’s public API. Other methods, the private methods, are not intended for public consumption. Instead, these methods are internal methods required to get the library to function. You don’t want people calling these internal methods because you might need to change them in the future. JavaScript does not support access modifiers. You can’t mark an object or method as public or private. Anyone gets to call any method and anyone gets to interact with any object. The only mechanism for encapsulating (hiding) methods and objects in JavaScript is to take advantage of functions. In JavaScript, a function determines variable scope. A JavaScript variable either has global scope – it is available everywhere – or it has function scope – it is available only within a function. If you want to hide an object or method then you need to place it within a function. For example, the following code contains a function named doSomething() which contains a nested function named doSomethingElse(): function doSomething() { console.log("doSomething"); function doSomethingElse() { console.log("doSomethingElse"); } } doSomething(); // Writes "doSomething" doSomethingElse(); // Throws ReferenceError You can call doSomethingElse() only within the doSomething() function. The doSomethingElse() function is encapsulated in the doSomething() function. The WinJS library takes advantage of function encapsulation to hide all of its internal methods. All of the WinJS methods are defined within self-executing anonymous functions. Everything is hidden by default. Public methods are exposed by explicitly adding the public methods to namespaces defined in the global scope. Imagine, for example, that I want a small library of utility methods. I want to create a method for calculating sales tax and a method for calculating the expected ship date of a product. The following library encapsulates the implementation of my library in a self-executing anonymous function: (function (global) { // Public method which calculates tax function calculateTax(price) { return calculateFederalTax(price) + calculateStateTax(price); } // Private method for calculating state tax function calculateStateTax(price) { return price * 0.08; } // Private method for calculating federal tax function calculateFederalTax(price) { return price * 0.02; } // Public method which returns the expected ship date function calculateShipDate(currentDate) { currentDate.setDate(currentDate.getDate() + 4); return currentDate; } // Export public methods WinJS.Namespace.define("CompanyA.Utilities", { calculateTax: calculateTax, calculateShipDate: calculateShipDate } ); })(this); // Show expected ship date var shipDate = CompanyA.Utilities.calculateShipDate(new Date()); console.log(shipDate); // Show price + tax var price = 12.33; var tax = CompanyA.Utilities.calculateTax(price); console.log(price + tax); In the code above, the self-executing anonymous function contains four functions: calculateTax(), calculateStateTax(), calculateFederalTax(), and calculateShipDate(). The following statement is used to expose only the calcuateTax() and the calculateShipDate() functions: // Export public methods WinJS.Namespace.define("CompanyA.Utilities", { calculateTax: calculateTax, calculateShipDate: calculateShipDate } ); Because the calculateTax() and calcuateShipDate() functions are added to the CompanyA.Utilities namespace, you can call these two methods outside of the self-executing function. These are the public methods of your library which form the public API. The calculateStateTax() and calculateFederalTax() methods, on the other hand, are forever hidden within the black hole of the self-executing function. These methods are encapsulated and can never be called outside of scope of the self-executing function. These are the internal methods of your library. Summary The goal of this blog entry was to describe why and how you use namespaces with the WinJS library. You learned how to define namespaces using both the WinJS.Namespace.define() and WinJS.Namespace.defineWithParent() methods. We also discussed how to hide private members and expose public members using the module pattern.

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