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  • Upgrading from SQL2000 database to SQL Express 2008 R2

    - by itwb
    Hi, We have a web application which uses a MSSQL 2000 backend database. We are currently paying a ridiculous amount for Shared Hosting, with the database costs alone costing us $150 per month (MSSQL 100mb extra space is $40 per month). Our database size is 896.38 MB I am looking at getting a Virtual Private Server and upgrading the database to a MSSQL2008 Express database. I am aware that the Express version is limited to a 10GB database (with R2), and is constrained to a single CPU. I have also been offered SQL Server 2008 Web Edition for $19/per month, but I cannot find many details on the difference between Express and Web. Any suggestions here? What I would also like to know is: If we upgrade the database to MSSQL 2008 database, is there any issues with possible data transformations in the future? I.e. Is it possible to download and mount it with SQL Server 2008 Standard edition? I'm more concerned about how to get data in and out of the database through SQL Management tools. Are there any other issues that I might face? Thanks, Mike

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  • VNC error: "Could not connect to session bus: Failed to connect to socket"

    - by GJ
    I started a vncserver on display :1 on an ubuntu machine. When I connect to it, I get a grey X window with an error message Could not connect to session bus: Failed to connect to socket. The vnc log is: Xvnc Free Edition 4.1.1 - built Apr 9 2010 15:59:33 Copyright (C) 2002-2005 RealVNC Ltd. See http://www.realvnc.com for information on VNC. Underlying X server release 40300000, The XFree86 Project, Inc Sun Mar 20 15:33:59 2011 vncext: VNC extension running! vncext: Listening for VNC connections on port 5901 vncext: created VNC server for screen 0 error opening security policy file /etc/X11/xserver/SecurityPolicy Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Speedo/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/, removing from list! Could not init font path element /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/, removing from list! cat: /var/run/gdm/auth-for-link2-eGnVvf/database: No such file or directory gnome-session[24880]: WARNING: Could not make bus activated clients aware of DISPLAY=:1.0 environment variable: Failed to connect to socket /tmp/dbus-FhdHHIq8jt: Connection refused gnome-session[24880]: WARNING: Could not make bus activated clients aware of GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID=this-is-deprecated environment variable: Failed to connect to socket /tmp/dbus-FhdHHIq8jt: Connection refused gnome-session[24880]: WARNING: Could not make bus activated clients aware of SESSION_MANAGER=local/dell:@/tmp/.ICE-unix/24880,unix/dell:/tmp/.ICE-unix/24880 environment variable: Failed to connect to socket /tmp/dbus-FhdHHIq8jt: Connection refused Sun Mar 20 15:34:10 2011 Connections: accepted: 0.0.0.0::51620 SConnection: Client needs protocol version 3.8 SConnection: Client requests security type VncAuth(2) VNCSConnST: Server default pixel format depth 16 (16bpp) little-endian rgb565 VNCSConnST: Client pixel format depth 16 (16bpp) little-endian rgb565 gnome-session[24880]: Gtk-CRITICAL: gtk_main_quit: assertion `main_loops != NULL' failed gnome-session[24880]: CRITICAL: dbus_g_proxy_new_for_name: assertion `connection != NULL' failed Any ideas how to fix it?

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  • online backup plan for a home office with servers

    - by TiernanO
    So, i am in the process of tweaking my spending and i need to change my backup plan... I am currently using a mix of JungleDisk and ZManda ZCB to backup files on my MacBook Pro, Main Windows Server Wrokstation, a dedicated Windows Server in a datacenter, and various other machines and file sources. The problem is the cost: this month, it has cost me about $90 to backup a little over 500Gb... This amount of data will increese over time too, since i am backing up Photos (24Mb RAW images + 4-8MB JPEGs), Videos (various cameras shooting 720p and 1080p), Music, Movies, TV shows and Apps from iTunes (though with iTunes cloud, this might not need to be backed up again) and source code... I have looked at the likes of Mozy, CrashPlan+ and Pro, Backblaze and Carbonite, but each have their problems: Mozy seems overly expenvice per gig at 50C Crashplan wont sell to me since i am outside the US (they hide it on their site... hidden in the FAQ section!) Backblaze dont support Windows Server Carbonite business pricing is $600 up front for 500Gb of storage... Fro $229, they will not backup Windows Servers. So, other than those, Jungle Disk (at 15c per Gig) or ZManda (also at 15c per Gig) what other options are there? what are other people using?

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  • How to populate RRD database with CPU and MEM usage data?

    - by Tomaszs
    I have a Lighttpd server (on Centos) and would like to display 4 graphs: lighttpd traffic, lighttpd requests per second, CPU usage and MEM usage. I've set place for rrd database for lighttpd config like this: rrdtool.binary = "/usr/bin/rrdtool" rrdtool.db-name = "/var/www/lighttpd.rrd" And put into my WWW cgi-bin sh file that gets data from lighttpd RRD file and creates graphs of traffic and requests per second like this: #!/bin/sh RRDTOOL=/usr/bin/rrdtool OUTDIR=//var/www/graphs INFILE=/var/www/lighttpd.rrd OUTPRE=lighttpd-traffic WIDTH=400 HEIGHT=100 DISP="-v bytes --title TrafficWebserver \ DEF:binraw=$INFILE:InOctets:AVERAGE \ DEF:binmaxraw=$INFILE:InOctets:MAX \ DEF:binminraw=$INFILE:InOctets:MIN \ DEF:bout=$INFILE:OutOctets:AVERAGE \ DEF:boutmax=$INFILE:OutOctets:MAX \ DEF:boutmin=$INFILE:OutOctets:MIN \ CDEF:bin=binraw,-1,* \ CDEF:binmax=binmaxraw,-1,* \ CDEF:binmin=binminraw,-1,* \ CDEF:binminmax=binmaxraw,binminraw,- \ CDEF:boutminmax=boutmax,boutmin,- \ AREA:binmin#ffffff: \ STACK:binmax#f00000: \ LINE1:binmin#a0a0a0: \ LINE1:binmax#a0a0a0: \ LINE2:bin#efb71d:incoming \ GPRINT:bin:MIN:%.2lf \ GPRINT:bin:AVERAGE:%.2lf \ GPRINT:bin:MAX:%.2lf \ AREA:boutmin#ffffff: \ STACK:boutminmax#00f000: \ LINE1:boutmin#a0a0a0: \ LINE1:boutmax#a0a0a0: \ LINE2:bout#a0a735:outgoing \ GPRINT:bout:MIN:%.2lf \ GPRINT:bout:AVERAGE:%.2lf \ GPRINT:bout:MAX:%.2lf \ " $RRDTOOL graph $OUTDIR/$OUTPRE-hour.png -a PNG --start -14400 $DISP -w $WIDTH -h $HEIGHT $RRDTOOL graph $OUTDIR/$OUTPRE-day.png -a PNG --start -86400 $DISP -w $WIDTH -h $HEIGHT $RRDTOOL graph $OUTDIR/$OUTPRE-month.png -a PNG --start -2592000 $DISP -w $WIDTH -h $HEIGHT OUTPRE=lighttpd-requests DISP="-v req --title RequestsperSecond -u 1 \ DEF:req=$INFILE:Requests:AVERAGE \ DEF:reqmax=$INFILE:Requests:MAX \ DEF:reqmin=$INFILE:Requests:MIN \ CDEF:reqminmax=reqmax,reqmin,- \ AREA:reqmin#ffffff: \ STACK:reqminmax#00f000: \ LINE1:reqmin#a0a0a0: \ LINE1:reqmax#a0a0a0: \ LINE2:req#00a735:requests" $RRDTOOL graph $OUTDIR/$OUTPRE-hour.png -a PNG --start -14400 $DISP -w $WIDTH -h $HEIGHT $RRDTOOL graph $OUTDIR/$OUTPRE-day.png -a PNG --start -86400 $DISP -w $WIDTH -h $HEIGHT $RRDTOOL graph $OUTDIR/$OUTPRE-month.png -a PNG --start -2592000 $DISP -w $WIDTH -h $HEIGHT Basically it's not my script, i get it from somewhere from the internet. Now i would like to do the same for CPU usage and MEM usage. I don't like to use any additional packages! As you can see lighttpd populates lighttpd.rrd file with traffic data and requests per second. Now i would like to the system to populate second rrd file with CPU and MEM usage, so i can add to sh file code to generate graphs for this data. How can I populate RRD file with CPU and MEM usage data? Please, NO THIRD-PARTY tools !

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  • ESX 4.0 space: DASD, NAS, or ?

    - by thormj
    I put together an ESX box for better management, but its performance is a WTF item; I'm a noob at dealing with ESX, so I'm looking for a laundry-list of reading material to help me straighten this out so I can go back to .NET programming. Current storage system: We're running Raid5+Hotspare (8x500 GB spindles) on a PERC6i on a Dell 2910. Due to ESX limitatios, the PERC is showing the storage as 1x2TB + 1x800GB "partitions." I'm not sure of the setup's configuration (stride / stripe / ???) at all. Our Applications We have a SBS server as well as a minor (2x50 GB, but growing at 10GB/month) database server... Our application that lives on the database VM is CPU and I/O insense; it's a database churning excercise mixed in with a lot of computation on the data (fixing that performance is what I'm supposed to be working on)... Perfomance Issue When I do a backup, restore, or worse (copy a backup from 1 vm to another to move it to the QA VM), the entire system slows to a crawl (even "unrelated" VMs). I originally thought a DASD situation would be quite good since you had PCI-x bandwidth, but the systemwide slowdown is killing productivity. Questions What should I do to make an intelligent decision about NAS vs RAID vs SAN vs DASD? Are there sweet spots/ugly spots in the storage setup? Can you use a SSD PCI-X card in ESX for the tempdb? Good/Bad idea? Is there any way to "share" some image in a copy-on-write fashion? Most of the "Backup-Copy-Restore" is to "put a clean image on the dev boxes"; if I could have them "share" the master image, the "big copy" (2x50 GB) would only need to be done once per week instead of once per dev per week...[runtime performance isn't a concern with the dev boxes, but the backup/copy/restore kills production, SBS, and everything else on the box]

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  • Home server hard drive: 186k start-stop cycles in 325 days?

    - by j-g-faustus
    I set up a home server about a year ago, using Ubuntu server (10.04 LTS at the moment), four disks in RAID 5 for storage (WD Green 1.5 TB) and a laptop drive for the OS. Today the output of smartctl, a command line utility for checking the SMART attributes of a hard drive, tells me that the primary OS drive has had no less than 186,000 start-stop cycles in 325 days and may be nearing the end of its lifespan. The smartctl output is in "normalized values", in this case a number between 200 and 000, where 200 is "brand new" and 000 means "worn out". My disk gets 001. So I wonder what happened: 186k start/stop cycles in 7820 hours is about one start/stop per 2.5 minutes around the clock. This seems somewhat excessive for a computer that sees actual use once or twice per day. (The RAID disks are normal, averaging to one start/stop per day, as expected.) Does anyone have similar experiences, or pointers to what might be the issue here? Specifically I'd like to know Why the massive start/stop count? Do I have some sort of configuration issue? Could there be a background service that is causing trouble? Could having a laptop disk as the OS drive be part of the problem? Can anyone confirm or deny this? Here is the /etc/hdparm.conf configuration /dev/sda { apm = 127 spindown_time = 120 } and the most relevant parts of smartctl --attributes /dev/sda: smartctl version 5.38 [x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 0 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 185875 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 090 090 000 Old_age Always - 7820 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 109 193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 118 118 000 Old_age Always - 246833 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 107 098 000 Old_age Always - 36 As I generally prefer my drives to last more than a year, any advice is appreciated.

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  • Performance: Nginx SSL slowness or just SSL slowness in general?

    - by Mauvis Ledford
    I have an Amazon Web Services setup with an Apache instance behind Nginx with Nginx handling SSL and serving everything but the .php pages. In my ApacheBench tests I'm seeing this for my most expensive API call (which cache via Memcached): 100 concurrent calls to API call (http): 115ms (median) 260ms (max) 100 concurrent calls to API call (https): 6.1s (median) 11.9s (max) I've done a bit of research, disabled the most expensive SSL ciphers and enabled SSL caching (I know it doesn't help in this particular test.) Can you tell me why my SSL is taking so long? I've set up a massive EC2 server with 8CPUs and even applying consistent load to it only brings it up to 50% total CPU. I have 8 Nginx workers set and a bunch of Apache. Currently this whole setup is on one EC2 box but I plan to split it up and load balance it. There have been a few questions on this topic but none of those answers (disable expensive ciphers, cache ssl, seem to do anything.) Sample results below: $ ab -k -n 100 -c 100 https://URL This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 655654 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking URL.com (be patient).....done Server Software: nginx/1.0.15 Server Hostname: URL.com Server Port: 443 SSL/TLS Protocol: TLSv1/SSLv3,AES256-SHA,2048,256 Document Path: /PATH Document Length: 73142 bytes Concurrency Level: 100 Time taken for tests: 12.204 seconds Complete requests: 100 Failed requests: 0 Write errors: 0 Keep-Alive requests: 0 Total transferred: 7351097 bytes HTML transferred: 7314200 bytes Requests per second: 8.19 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 12203.589 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 122.036 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 588.25 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 65 168 64.1 162 268 Processing: 385 6096 3438.6 6199 11928 Waiting: 379 6091 3438.5 6194 11923 Total: 449 6264 3476.4 6323 12196 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 6323 66% 8244 75% 9321 80% 9919 90% 11119 95% 11720 98% 12076 99% 12196 100% 12196 (longest request)

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  • converting a png with an ICC profile?

    - by jedierikb
    I can convert a jpg from one ICC to another ICC. convert rgb_image.jpg -profile USCoat.icm cmyk_image.jpg Or I can convert a jpg with no ICC to another ICC. convert rgb_image.jpg +profile icm \ -profile sRGB.icc -profile USCoat.icm cmyk_image.jpg But how do I convert a png's pixels into the gamut described by an ICC profile? I understand I cannot embed the profile into the image file, but would at least like to convert the colors. When I reuse the above commands, the colors come out wrong... (different from the colors in the JPG when converted). This is the source image: http://alumni.media.mit.edu/~erikb/tmp/RED_JPG.jpg And here is what I am trying: convert RED_JPG.jpg +profile icm -profile sRGB_v4_ICC_preference.icc -profile USWebUncoated.icc CMYK_PNG.png and this is what I am getting: http://alumni.media.mit.edu/~erikb/tmp/CMYK_PNG.png I was hoping to get an image with the same colors as a JPEG run through the same command: convert RED_JPG.jpg +profile icm -profile sRGB_v4_ICC_preference.icc -profile USWebUncoated.icc CMYK_JPG.jpg resulting in: http://alumni.media.mit.edu/~erikb/tmp/CMYK_JPG.jpg *this image, CMYK_JPG.jpg, is what I am trying to reproduce pixel by pixel in a PNG file.* Any suggestions? Original (unanswered) post here.

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  • How to configure CISCO switch 2960 for port-based address allocation on a single port only?

    - by Jack
    CISCO 2960 allows you to configure so-called Port-Based address allocation. It makes the switch to associate IP address it is giving out via DHCP with port-identifier, which is random, switch created identifier. In practice it means that any machine connected to such configured port will always get the same IP address, regardless of what that machine's MAC address is. I want to have that feature configured on --some ports-- only. But no matter what commands I try it seems that this can only be done for all ports, all for none. Even though CISCO manual seems to indicate there's both global and per-port command to enable that. Here are relevant commands from CISCO manual: configure terminal ip dhcp use subscriber-id client-id (this configures the DHCP server to globally use the subscriber ID as the client ID on all incoming DHCP messages) interface FastEthernet0/1 ip dhcp server use subscriber-id client-id (Optional: Configures the DHCP server to use the subscriber ID as the client ID on all incoming DHCP messages on the interface) but it appears if I configure only per-interface than there's no effect at all, if I configure globally and per interface - CISCo behaves as if all ports were configured to use that feature. Any ideas?

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  • What is the peak theoretical WiFi G user density? [closed]

    - by Bigbio2002
    I've seen a few WiFi capacity planning questions, and this one is related, but hopefully different enough not to be closed. Also, this is related specifically to 802.11g, but a similar question could be made for N. In order to squeeze more WiFi users into a space, the transmit power on the APs need to be reduced and the APs squeezed closer together. My question is, how far can you practically take this before the network becomes unusable? There will come a point where the transmit power is so weak that nobody will actually be able to pick up a connection, or be constantly roaming to/from APs spaced a few feet apart as they walk around. There are also only 3 available channels to use as well, which is a factor to consider. After determining the peak AP density, then multiply by users-per-AP, which should be easier to find out. After factoring all of this in and running some back-of-the-envelope calculations, I'd like to be able to get a figure of "XX users per 10ft^2" or something. This can be considered the physical limit of WiFi, and will keep people from asking about getting 3,000 people in a ballroom conference on WiFi. Can anyone with WiFi experience chime in, or better yet, provide some calculations for a more accurate figure? Assumptions: Let's assume an ideal environment with no reflection (think of a big, square, open room, with the APs spaced out on a plane), APs are placed on the ceiling so humans won't absorb the waves, and the only interference are from the APs themselves and the devices. As for what devices specifically, that's irrelevant for the first point of the question (AP density, so only channel and transmit power should matter). User experience: Wikipedia states that Wireless G has about 22Mbps maximum effective throughput, or about 2.75MB/s. For the purpose of this question, anything below 100KB/s per user can be deemed to be a poor user experience. As for roaming, I'll assume the user is standing in the same place, so hopefully that will be a non-issue.

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  • What are the frequencies of current in computers' external peripheral cables and internal buses?

    - by Tim
    From Wikipedia, three different cases of current frequency are discussed along with the types of cables that are suitable for them: An Extra Ordinary electrical cables suffice to carry low frequency AC, such as mains power, which reverses direction 100 to 120 times per second (cycling 50 to 60 times per second). However, they cannot be used to carry currents in the radio frequency range or higher, which reverse direction millions to billions of times per second, because the energy tends to radiate off the cable as radio waves, causing power losses. Radio frequency currents also tend to reflect from discontinuities in the cable such as connectors, and travel back down the cable toward the source. These reflections act as bottlenecks, preventing the power from reaching the destination. Transmission lines use specialized construction such as precise conductor dimensions and spacing, and impedance matching, to carry electromagnetic signals with minimal reflections and power losses. Types of transmission line include ladder line, coaxial cable, dielectric slabs, stripline, optical fiber, and waveguides. The higher the frequency, the shorter are the waves in a transmission medium. Transmission lines must be used when the frequency is high enough that the wavelength of the waves begins to approach the length of the cable used. To conduct energy at frequencies above the radio range, such as millimeter waves, infrared, and light, the waves become much smaller than the dimensions of the structures used to guide them, so transmission line techniques become inadequate and the methods of optics are used. I wonder what the frequencies are for the currents in computers' external peripheral cables, such as Ethernet cable, USB cable, and in computers' internal buses? Are the cables also made specially for the frequencies? Thanks!

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  • Green flickering pixels that move with black images

    - by user568458
    Strange question... Occasionally, on my LCD screen, pixels that should be black flicker rapidly and constantly between black and green, about 4 flickers a second. The crazy part is, unlike dead/stuck pixels, they are relative to content on the screen and move with it. For example, I might be looking at a web page with a picture that has lots of black. There might be a couple of green flashing pixels in that black that shouldn't be there. I scroll the page, and the green flickering pixels move with the image. It seems that everyphysical pixel is fine, but somehow something interprets part of the image in a way that causes flickering green... It's not just in a web browser. My first thought was to blame a trolling blogger cunningly uploading an animated gif that simulates a failing pixel... but it happens in a wide range of applications. It seems to occur randomly, other than that it seems to only occur in areas of pure black, and it's always pure 100% green. It happens rarely enough that it's not a big deal, but it's such a strange problem it bugs me. I can't find any info on anything like this. I'm not even sure if it's hardware or software. Any ideas? (windows 7 laptop connected to LCD by DVI to HDMI cable)

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  • What to look for in a switch with LAN/WAN verses an iSCSI SAN?

    - by Luke
    I'm setting up a VMWare ESXi 5 environment with 3 server nodes. Dell recommended 2x Force10 S60 switches shared (iSCSI SAN, LAN/WAN). The S60 switches are extremely powerful. They have 1.25 GB of buffer cache, < 9us latency. But they are very expensive (online price ~$15k per switch, actual quote a little less). I've been told that "by the book" you should at least have 2 internal switches for SAN, and 2 switches for LAN/WAN (each with a redundant). I know some of the pros and cons of each approach. What I'm wondering is, would it be more cost effective to disjoin the SAN from LAN with less expensive switches? The answer to this question highlights what I should be looking for in a switch for the SAN. What should I be looking for in a LAN/WAN switch, in comparison to the SAN? With the above linked question for the SAN: How is buffer latency measured? When you see 36 MB of buffer cache, is that shared or per port? So 36 MB would be 768kb or 36MB per port? With 3 to 6 servers how much buffer cache do you really need? What else should I be looking at? Our application will be heavily using HTML5 websockets (high number of persistent connections). The amount of data being sent is small; Data sent between client <- server isn't broadcasted (not a chat/IM service). We will be doing some database reporting too (csv export, sums, some joins). We are a small business and on a budget. We'd probably only be able to spend no more than $20k on switches total (2 or 4).

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  • Flash drive suddenly died. Why? Can I recover it?

    - by mg
    Hi, I have a flash drive that I used not too much but, after few month of inactivity, it died. I know that flash drives have a limited write cycles but I am sure that this is not the problem. I tried to create a new partition table and format the drive nothing worked. This is the output of mkfs.ext2. marco@pinguina:~$ sudo LANG=en.UTF-8 mkfs.ext2 -v -c /dev/sdc1 [sudo] password for marco: mke2fs 1.41.11 (14-Mar-2010) fs_types for mke2fs.conf resolution: 'ext2', 'default' Calling BLKDISCARD from 0 to 4001431552 failed. Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 244320 inodes, 976912 blocks 48845 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=1002438656 30 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8144 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736 Running command: badblocks -b 4096 -X -s /dev/sdc1 976911 badblocks: Input/output error during ext2fs_sync_device Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): done Block 0 in primary superblock/group descriptor area bad. Blocks 0 through 2 must be good in order to build a filesystem. Aborting.... Is there something I can do to recover it?

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  • Scaling databases with cheap SSD hard drives

    - by Dennis Kashkin
    Hey guys! I hope that many of you are working with high traffic database-driven websites, and chances are that your main scalability issues are in the database. I noticed a couple of things lately: Most large databases require a team of DBAs in order to scale. They constantly struggle with limitations of hard drives and end up with very expensive solutions (SANs or large RAIDs, frequent maintenance windows for defragging and repartitioning, etc.) The actual annual cost of maintaining such databases is in $100K-$1M range which is too steep for me :) Finally, we got several companies like Intel, Samsung, FusionIO, etc. that just started selling extremely fast yet affordable SSD hard drives based on SLC Flash technology. These drives are 100 times faster in random read/writes than the best spinning hard drives on the market (up to 50,000 random writes per second). Their seek time is pretty much zero, so the cost of random I/O is the same as sequential I/O, which is awesome for databases. These SSD drives cost around $10-$20 per gigabyte, and they are relatively small (64GB). So, there seems to be an opportunity to avoid the HUGE costs of scaling databases the traditional way by simply building a big enough RAID 5 array of SSD drives (which would cost only a few thousand dollars). Then we don't care if the database file is fragmented, and we can afford 100 times more disk writes per second without having to spread the database across 100 spindles. . Is anybody else interested in this? I've been testing a few SSD drives and can share my results. If anybody on this site has already solved their I/O bottleneck with SSDs, I would love to hear your war stories! PS. I know that there are plenty of expensive solutions out there that help with scalability, for example the time proven RAM-based SANs. I want to be clear that even $50K is too expensive for my project. I have to find a solution that costs no more than $10K and does not take much time to implement.

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  • Prevent Outlook 2010 Insert Picture resizing image

    - by Rup
    When I "Insert Picture" a JPEG in Outlook 2010 it automatically resizes the image and, I think, recompresses it too. I realise this would be useful for photographs or for people who try to email 1MB BMPs but I would like to email around an image at the original pixel size without recompression. Is there a way to turn this off, or better still choose settings for each image insert? I found this page in the Office help. It's for Word, PowerPoint and Excel not Outlook but points you at File, Options, Advanced, Image Settings. There's no equivalent section in Outlook. I know Outlook uses Word as its editor so I've looked at Word's settings but there isn't an 'original size' here: there's only 'turn off image recompression' and pick target DPI from 96, 150, 220. I guess Office is finding a DPI value in the JPEG file and scaling it up or down to match this setting. I can't find an equivalent option in Outlook's options menu but there's so many settings and pop-up dialogs I may have missed something. Picture Format, Reset image size resets the image to the rescaled version, not the original. I can't see a way to edit a pixel value into size values in the image properties after insert. Thanks! I realise I can probably achieve this by editing the image metadata in PhotoShop elements or similar but there ought to be a way without editing the file? This is new behaviour in Outlook 2010; 2007 didn't do this.

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  • Where do vendors publish internal transfer rates of HDDs?

    - by red888
    So I've started to dig into storage fundamentals and found that in order to calculate the IOPS of a HDD you need to know the internal transfer rate of the drive (time it takes data to move from the platters to internal disk's cache). I went on newegg and even a few vendor sites and could not find this info published for any HDDs. Is it sometimes called something else? Take this link to a seagate HDD for instance. Nowhere do I see "internal transfer rate", but I do see something called "Sustained Data Rate OD"- is that the same thing? Just so you know where I'm getting this info (Book: "Information Storage and Management Storing, Managing..."): Consider an example with the following specifications provided for a disk: The average seek time is 5 ms in a random I/O environment; therefore, T = 5 ms. Disk rotation speed of 15,000 revolutions per minute or 250 revolutions per second — from which rotational latency (L) can be determined, which is one-half of the time taken for a full rotation or L = (0.5/250 rps expressed in ms). 40 MB/s internal data transfer rate, from which the internal transfer time (X) is derived based on the block size of the I/O — for example, an I/O with a block size of 32 KB; therefore X = 32 KB/40 MB. Consequently, the time taken by the I/O controller to serve an I/O of block size 32 KB is (TS) = 5 ms + (0.5/250) + 32 KB/40 MB = 7.8 ms. Therefore, the maximum number of I/Os serviced per second or IOPS is (1/TS) = 1/(7.8 × 10^-3) = 128 IOPS.

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  • Slow manipulation of netfilter rules

    - by Ole Martin Eide
    I have a script maintaining gre tunnels and firewall rules using the "ip" and "iptables" tools. Setting up hundreds of tunnels, and adresses per interface runs just fine. Takes less than 0.1 second per interface, however when I get around to do the firewall rules everything slows down spending 0.5 per insertion. Why is it running so slow? What can I do to improve the speed? It seems like I could try ipset instead, but I really feel there is something wrong with the kernel or something. The interesting thing is that the first 10 rules runs fast, then it slows down.. mybox(root) foo# iptables -V iptables v1.3.5 mybox(root) foo# uname -a Linux foo 2.6.18-164.el5 #1 SMP Tue Aug 18 15:51:48 EDT 2009 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux mybox(root) foo# cat test.sh #!/bin/sh for n in {1..100} do /sbin/iptables -A OUTPUT -s ${n} -j ACCEPT /sbin/iptables -D OUTPUT -s ${n} -j ACCEPT done mybox(root) foo# time ./test.sh real 1m38.839s user 0m0.100s sys 1m38.724s Appriciate any help. Cheers!

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  • Why do moving lines become fuzzy on my monitor?

    - by CodeInChaos
    I recently got a new notebook. With moving images there are some graphical issues, and I'd like to know what causes them. None of my earlier monitors exhibited similar issues. Moving high contrast lines become jagged, similar to interleaved videos. When moving a horizontal line vertically those artifacts are colored, when moving a vertical line horizontally they aren't colored. The effect isn't observable in static images. And when moving faster the zone in which it occurs becomes wider. The effect is very visible if I move a window around on the borders of the window and wherever high contrast lines appear. But it appears when watching videos too. The vertical line in that image moves to the right, the horizontal line upwards. The effect is most likely related to the fact that each real pixel consists of different sub-pixels for the different color channels. But how are these causing the observed effect? Is the change at which the different colors change to the destination brightness different? The optical impression is that every second pixel in a chess board like arrangement is adapting slower than it's neighbors. But that doesn't make much sense.

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  • which is best smart automatic file replication solution for cloud storage based systems.

    - by TORr0t
    I am looking for a solution for a project i am working on. We are developing a websystem where people can upload their files and other people can download it. (similar to rapidshare.com model) Problem is, some files can be demanded much more than other files. The scenerio is like: I have uploaded my birthday video and shared it with all of my friend, I have uploaded it to myproject.com and it was stored in one of the cluster which has 100mbit connection. Problem is, once all of my friends want to download the file, they cant download it since the bottleneck here is 100mbit which is 15MB per second, but i got 1000 friends and they can only download 15KB per second. I am not taking into account that the hdd is serving same files. My network infrastrucre is as follows: 1 gbit server(client) and connected to 4 Nodes of storage servers that have 100mbit connection. 1gbit server can handle the 1000 users traffic if one of storage node can stream more than 15MB per second to my 1gbit (client) server and visitor will stream directly from client server instead of storage nodes. I can do it by replicating the file into 2 nodes. But i dont want to replicate all files uploadded to my network since it is costing much more. So i need a cloud based system, which will push the files into replicated nodes automatically when demanded to those files are high, and when the demand is low, they will delete from other nodes and it will stay in only 1 node. I have looked to gluster and asked in their irc channel that, gluster cant do such a thing. It is only able to replicate all the files or none of the files. But i need it the cluster software to do it automatically. Any solutions ? (instead of recommending me amazon s3) S

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  • Gigabit network limited to 25MB/s by CPU. How to make it faster?

    - by netvope
    I have a Acer Aspire R1600-U910H with a nForce gigabit network adapter. The maximum TCP throughput of it is about 25MB/s, and apparently it is limited by the single core Intel Atom 230; when the maximum throughput is reached, the CPU usage is about 50%-60%, which corresponds to full utilization considering this is a Hyper-threading enabled CPU. The same problem occurs on both Windows XP and on Ubuntu 8.04. On Windows, I have installed the latest nForce chipset driver, disabled power saving features, and enabled checksum offload. On Linux, the default driver has checksum offload enabled. There is no Linux driver available on Nvidia's website. ethtool -k eth0 shows that checksum offload is enabled: Offload parameters for eth0: rx-checksumming: on tx-checksumming: on scatter-gather: on tcp segmentation offload: on udp fragmentation offload: off generic segmentation offload: off The following is the output of powertop when the network is idle: Wakeups-from-idle per second : 61.9 interval: 10.0s no ACPI power usage estimate available Top causes for wakeups: 90.9% (101.3) <interrupt> : eth0 4.5% ( 5.0) iftop : schedule_timeout (process_timeout) 1.8% ( 2.0) <kernel core> : clocksource_register (clocksource_watchdog) 0.9% ( 1.0) dhcdbd : schedule_timeout (process_timeout) 0.5% ( 0.6) <kernel core> : neigh_table_init_no_netlink (neigh_periodic_timer) And when the maximum throughput of about 25MB/s is reached: Wakeups-from-idle per second : 11175.5 interval: 10.0s no ACPI power usage estimate available Top causes for wakeups: 99.9% (22097.4) <interrupt> : eth0 0.0% ( 5.0) iftop : schedule_timeout (process_timeout) 0.0% ( 2.0) <kernel core> : clocksource_register (clocksource_watchdog) 0.0% ( 1.0) dhcdbd : schedule_timeout (process_timeout) 0.0% ( 0.6) <kernel core> : neigh_table_init_no_netlink (neigh_periodic_timer) Notice the 20000 interrupts per second. Could this be the cause for the high CPU usage and low throughput? If so, how can I improve the situation? The other computers in the network can usually transfer at 50+MB/s without problems. And a minor question: How can I find out what is the driver in use for eth0?

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  • Possible to have different SSLCACertificateFiles under different Location in Apache (client side ssl certs)

    - by Mikko Ohtamaa
    I am setting up Apache to do smartcard authentication. The smartcard login is based on client-side SSL certificates handled by an OS driver. I have currently just one smartcard provider, but in the future there are potentially several of them. I am not sure how Apache 2.2. handles client-side certifications per Location. I did some quick testing and it somehow seemed that only the last SSLCACertificateFile directive would have been effective and this doesn't sound right. Is it possible to have different SSLCACertificateFile per Location in Apache (2.2, 2.4) as described below or is SSL protocol somehow limiting that you cannot have more than one SSLCACertificateFile per IP? Example potential config below how I wish to handle several SSLCACertificateFile on the same server to allow users to log in with different smartcard provides. <VirtualHost 127.0.0.1:443> # Real men use mod_proxy DocumentRoot "/nowhere" ServerName local-apache ServerAdmin [email protected] SSLEngine on SSLOptions +StdEnvVars +ExportCertData # Server-side HTTPS configuration SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/certificate-test/server.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/apache2/certificate-test/server.key # Normal SSL site traffic does not require verify client SSLVerifyClient none SSLVerifyDepth 999 # Provider 1 <Location /@@smartcard-login> SSLVerifyClient require SSLCACertificateFile /etc/apache2/certificate-test/ca.crt # Apache does not natively pass forward headers # created by SSLOptions +StdEnvVars, # so we pass them forward to Python using RequestHeader # from mod_headers RequestHeader set X-Client-DN %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN}e RequestHeader set X-Client-Verify %{SSL_CLIENT_VERIFY}e </Location> # Provider 2 <Location /@@smartcard-login-provider-2> # For real SSLVerifyClient require SSLCACertificateFile /etc/apache2/certificate-test/provider2.crt # Apache does not natively pass forward headers # created by SSLOptions +StdEnvVars, # so we pass them forward to Python using RequestHeader # from mod_headers RequestHeader set X-Client-DN %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN}e RequestHeader set X-Client-Verify %{SSL_CLIENT_VERIFY}e </Location> # Connect to Plone ZEO client1 running on fg ProxyPass / http://localhost:8080/VirtualHostBase/https/local-apache:443/folder_sits/sitsngta/VirtualHostRoot/ ProxyPassReverse / http://localhost:8080/VirtualHostBase/https/local-apache:443/folder_sits/sitsngta/VirtualHostRoot/ </VirtualHost>

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  • CPU usage always below 10% in windows server 2008 r2 x64

    - by ???
    I am using a server with windows server 2008 r2 running on it to run my program. The CPU of the server is Intel xeon x5570 2.93GHz with 2 processors, 8 cores per processer. However, I found that the cpu usage is almost always below 10% even I use 32 threads in my program. And I also found that sometimes the cpu usage could reach as high as 93% through the task manager when running my program and at that moment my program has processed over 1000 files per second while normally, it only processed over 50 files per second. However, this does not happen often. I use tools downloaded from the internet to make sure no core sleeps when the server is on, nothing changed. Also, I edited the windows register to make sure that I, as an administer, have no cpu usage limit. But it changed nothing. Is there anyway that I can make full use of my cpu? That is to say that each core runs a thread of my program and the total cpu usage could reach over 50% when I use a reasonable number of threads in my program. Did this happen to anyone of you? And could you help me with this ? Thank you!

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  • MySQL : table organisation for very large sets with high update frequency

    - by Remiz
    I'm facing a dilemma in the choice of my MySQL schema application. So before I start here is a picture extremely simplified of my database : Schema here : http://i43.tinypic.com/2wp5lxz.png In one sentence : for each customer, the application harvest text data and attached tags to each data collected. As approximation of the usage of each table, here is what I expect : customer : ~5000, shouldn't grow fast data : 5 millions per customer, could double or triple for big customers. tag : ~1000, quite fixed size data_tag : hundred of millions per customer easily. Each data can be tagged a lot. The harvesting process is permanent, that means that around every 15 minutes new data come and are tagged, that require a very constant index refreshing. A lot of my queries are a SELECT COUNT of DATA between specific DATES and tagged with a specific TAG on a specific CUSTOMER (very rarely it will involve several customers). Here is the situation, you can imagine with this kind of volume of data I'm facing a challenge in term of data organization and indexing. Again, it's a very minimalistic and simplified version of my structure. My question is, is it better: to stick with this model and to manage crazy index optimization ? (which involves potentially having billions of rows in the data_tag table) change the schema and use one data table and one data_tag table per customer ? (which involves having 5000 tables on my database) I'm running all of this on a MySQL 5.0 dedicated server (quad-core, 8Go of ram) replicated. I only use InnoDB, I also have another server that run Sphinx. So knowing all of this, I can't wait to hear your opinion about this. Thanks.

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  • Suggestion regarding pointing domains to a dedicated server.

    - by Bizz
    I recently got a dedicated server and I am still at a learning stage. So please bear with me. I wanted to have 3 domains pointed to my server, but initially I asked them the process to point me one and they responded with: Hello, I can set that rDNS for you. Please make sure the domain is pointed to our name servers at godaddy. They are: ns1.xxxxx.net ns2.xxxxx.net After this is done, please allow up to 24 hours for global propagation. Alternatively, we can host your DNS for you if you prefer. What is the domain you would like xx.xxx.xx.xx to resolve to? I then asked him to point one of my domains. They responded, Did you want us to host your dns for that domain or just an rDNS record? They also said, Hosting your DNS is a free service here. We can only do 1 domain per IP. IF you would like to purchase additional IPs, they are $1/IP per month. I personally dont want to host DNS myself. Neither mail server. I have a single IP so far. It will then start to get expensive if I want to host 25 from these guys. I am still in the trial period. Does this seem reasonable as far as pricing goes? If I want to have some one host DNS and mail server, this is getting super expensive. Email hosting from rackspace starts at $2 per mail address, but from then on, its the same if you want added features such as archiving etc; What would you suggest I do if I am on a shoe string budget but I also want to avoid hassle of doing it myself and I only have 3 domains so far and I would need few mail addresses for each of them.

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