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  • Lambda Expression to be used in Select() query

    - by jameschinnock
    Hi, I am trying to build a lambda expression, containing two assignments (as shown further down), that I can then pass to a Queryable.Select() method. I am trying to pass a string variable into a method and then use that variable to build up the lambda expression so that I can use it in a LINQ Select query. My reasoning behind it is that I have a SQL Server datasource with many column names, I am creating a charting application that will allow the user to select, say by typing in the column name, the actual column of data they want to view in the y-axis of my chart, with the x-axis always being the DateTime. Therefore, they can essentially choose what data they chart against the DateTime value (it’s a data warehouse type app). I have, for example, a class to store the retrieved data in, and hence use as the chart source of: public class AnalysisChartSource { public DateTime Invoicedate { get; set; } public Decimal yValue { get; set; } } I have (purely experimentaly) built an expression tree for the Where clause using the String value and that works fine: public void GetData(String yAxis) { using (DataClasses1DataContext db = new DataClasses1DataContext()) { var data = this.FunctionOne().AsQueryable<AnalysisChartSource>(); //just to get some temp data in.... ParameterExpression pe = Expression.Parameter(typeof(AnalysisChartSource), "p"); Expression left = Expression.MakeMemberAccess(pe, typeof(AnalysisChartSource).GetProperty(yAxis)); Expression right = Expression.Constant((Decimal)16); Expression e2 = Expression.LessThan(left, right); Expression expNew = Expression.New(typeof(AnalysisChartSource)); LambdaExpression le = Expression.Lambda(left, pe); MethodCallExpression whereCall = Expression.Call( typeof(Queryable), "Where", new Type[] { data.ElementType }, data.Expression, Expression.Lambda<Func<AnalysisChartSource, bool>>(e2, new ParameterExpression[] { pe })); } } However……I have tried a similar approach for the Select statement, but just can’t get it to work as I need the Select() to populate both X and Y values of the AnalysisChartSource class, like this: .Select(c => new AnalysisChartSource { Invoicedate = c.Invoicedate, yValue = c.yValue}).AsEnumerable(); How on earth can I build such an expression tree….or….possibly more to the point…..is there an easier way that I have missed entirely?

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  • Tactics for using PHP in a high-load site

    - by Ross
    Before you answer this I have never developed anything popular enough to attain high server loads. Treat me as (sigh) an alien that has just landed on the planet, albeit one that knows PHP and a few optimisation techniques. I'm developing a tool in PHP that could attain quite a lot of users, if it works out right. However while I'm fully capable of developing the program I'm pretty much clueless when it comes to making something that can deal with huge traffic. So here's a few questions on it (feel free to turn this question into a resource thread as well). Databases At the moment I plan to use the MySQLi features in PHP5. However how should I setup the databases in relation to users and content? Do I actually need multiple databases? At the moment everything's jumbled into one database - although I've been considering spreading user data to one, actual content to another and finally core site content (template masters etc.) to another. My reasoning behind this is that sending queries to different databases will ease up the load on them as one database = 3 load sources. Also would this still be effective if they were all on the same server? Caching I have a template system that is used to build the pages and swap out variables. Master templates are stored in the database and each time a template is called it's cached copy (a html document) is called. At the moment I have two types of variable in these templates - a static var and a dynamic var. Static vars are usually things like page names, the name of the site - things that don't change often; dynamic vars are things that change on each page load. My question on this: Say I have comments on different articles. Which is a better solution: store the simple comment template and render comments (from a DB call) each time the page is loaded or store a cached copy of the comments page as a html page - each time a comment is added/edited/deleted the page is recached. Finally Does anyone have any tips/pointers for running a high load site on PHP. I'm pretty sure it's a workable language to use - Facebook and Yahoo! give it great precedence - but are there any experiences I should watch out for? Thanks, Ross

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  • The Skyline Problem.

    - by zeroDivisible
    I just came across this little problem on UVA's Online Judge and thought, that it may be a good candidate for a little code-golf. The problem: You are to design a program to assist an architect in drawing the skyline of a city given the locations of the buildings in the city. To make the problem tractable, all buildings are rectangular in shape and they share a common bottom (the city they are built in is very flat). The city is also viewed as two-dimensional. A building is specified by an ordered triple (Li, Hi, Ri) where Li and Ri are left and right coordinates, respectively, of building i and Hi is the height of the building. In the diagram below buildings are shown on the left with triples (1,11,5), (2,6,7), (3,13,9), (12,7,16), (14,3,25), (19,18,22), (23,13,29), (24,4,28) and the skyline, shown on the right, is represented by the sequence: 1, 11, 3, 13, 9, 0, 12, 7, 16, 3, 19, 18, 22, 3, 23, 13, 29, 0 The output should consist of the vector that describes the skyline as shown in the example above. In the skyline vector (v1, v2, v3, ... vn) , the vi such that i is an even number represent a horizontal line (height). The vi such that i is an odd number represent a vertical line (x-coordinate). The skyline vector should represent the "path" taken, for example, by a bug starting at the minimum x-coordinate and traveling horizontally and vertically over all the lines that define the skyline. Thus the last entry in the skyline vector will be a 0. The coordinates must be separated by a blank space. If I will not count declaration of provided (test) buildings and including all spaces and tab characters, my solution, in Python, is 223 characters long. Here is the condensed version: B=[[1,11,5],[2,6,7],[3,13,9],[12,7,16],[14,3,25],[19,18,22],[23,13,29],[24,4,28]] # Solution. R=range v=[0 for e in R(max([y[2] for y in B])+1)] for b in B: for x in R(b[0], b[2]): if b[1]>v[x]: v[x]=b[1] p=1 k=0 for x in R(len(v)): V=v[x] if p and V==0: continue elif V!=k: p=0 print "%s %s" % (str(x), str(V)), k=V I think that I didn't made any mistake but if so - feel free to criticize me. EDIT I don't have much reputation, so I will pay only 100 for a bounty - I am curious, if anyone could try to solve this in less than .. lets say, 80 characters. Solution posted by cobbal is 101 characters long and currently it is the best one. ANOTHER EDIT I thought, that 80 characters is a sick limit for this kind of problem. cobbal, with his 46 character solution totaly amazed me - though I must admit, that I spent some time reading his explanation before I partially understood what he had written.

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  • SVN naming convention: repository, branches, tags

    - by LookitsPuck
    Hey all! Just curious what your naming conventions are for the following: Repository name Branches Tags Right now, we're employing the following standards with SVN, but would like to improve on it: Each project has its own repository Each repository has a set of directories: tags, branches, trunk Tags are immutable copies of the the tree (release, beta, rc, etc.) Branches are typically feature branches Trunk is ongoing development (quick additions, bug fixes, etc.) Now, with that said, I'm curious how everyone is not only handling the naming of their repositories, but also their tags and branches. For example, do you employ a camel case structure for the project name? So, if your project is something like Backyard Baseball for Youngins, how do you handle that? backyardBaseballForYoungins backyard_baseball_for_youngins BackyardBaseballForYoungins backyardbaseballforyoungins That seems rather trivial, but it's a question. If you're going with the feature branch paradigm, how do you name your feature branches? After the feature itself in plain English? Some sort of versioning scheme? I.e. say you want to add functionality to the Backyard Baseball app that allows users to add their own statistics. What would you call your branch? {repoName}/branches/user-add-statistics {repoName}/branches/userAddStatistics {repoName}/branches/user_add_statistics etc. Or: {repoName}/branches/1.1.0.1 If you go the version route, how do you correlate the version numbers? It seems that feature branches wouldn't benefit much from a versioning schema, being that 1 developer could be working on the "user add statistics" functionality, and another developer could be working on the "admin add statistics" functionality. How are these do branch versions named? Are they better off being: {repoName}/branches/1.1.0.1 - user add statistics {repoName}/branches/1.1.0.2 - admin add statistics And once they're merged into the trunk, the trunk might increment appropriately? Tags seem like they'd benefit the most from version numbers. With that being said, how are you correlating the versions for your project (whether it be trunk, branch, tag, etc.) with SVN? I.e. how do you, as the developer, know that 1.1.1 has admin add statistics, and user add statistics functionality? How are these descriptive and linked? It'd make sense for tags to have release notes in each tag since they're immutable. But, yeah, what are your SVN policies going forward?

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  • Semi-complex aggregate select statement confusion

    - by Ian Henry
    Alright, this problem is a little complicated, so bear with me. I have a table full of data. One of the table columns is an EntryDate. There can be multiple entries per day. However, I want to select all rows that are the latest entry on their respective days, and I want to select all the columns of said table. One of the columns is a unique identifier column, but it is not the primary key (I have no idea why it's there; this is a pretty old system). For purposes of demonstration, say the table looks like this: create table ExampleTable ( ID int identity(1,1) not null, PersonID int not null, StoreID int not null, Data1 int not null, Data2 int not null, EntryDate datetime not null ) The primary key is on PersonID and StoreID, which logically defines uniqueness. Now, like I said, I want to select all the rows that are the latest entries on that particular day (for each Person-Store combination). This is pretty easy: --Figure 1 select PersonID, StoreID, max(EntryDate) from ExampleTable group by PersonID, StoreID, dbo.dayof(EntryDate) Where dbo.dayof() is a simple function that strips the time component from a datetime. However, doing this loses the rest of the columns! I can't simply include the other columns, because then I'd have to group by them, which would produce the wrong results (especially since ID is unique). I have found a dirty hack that will do what I want, but there must be a better way -- here's my current solution: select cast(null as int) as ID, PersonID, StoreID, cast(null as int) as Data1, cast(null as int) as Data2, max(EntryDate) as EntryDate into #StagingTable from ExampleTable group by PersonID, StoreID, dbo.dayof(EntryDate) update Target set ID = Source.ID, Data1 = Source.Data1, Data2 = Source.Data2, from #StagingTable as Target inner join ExampleTable as Source on Source.PersonID = Target.PersonID and Source.StoreID = Target.StoreID and Source.EntryDate = Target.EntryDate This gets me the correct data in #StagingTable but, well, look at it! Creating a table with null values, then doing an update to get the values back -- surely there's a better way to do this? A single statement that will get me all the values the first time? It is my belief that the correct join on that original select (Figure 1) would do the trick, like a self-join or something... but how do you do that with the group by clause? I cannot find the right syntax to make the query execute. I am pretty new with SQL, so it's likely that I'm missing something obvious. Any suggestions? (Working in T-SQL, if it makes any difference)

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  • jQueryMobile: how to work with slider events?

    - by balexandre
    I'm testing the slider events in jQueryMobile and I must been missing something. page code is: <div data-role="fieldcontain"> <label for="slider">Input slider:</label> <input type="range" name="slider" id="slider" value="0" min="0" max="100" /> </div> and if I do: $("#slider").data("events"); I get blur, focus, keyup, remove What I want to do is to get the value once user release the slider handle and having a hook to the keyup event as $("#slider").bind("keyup", function() { alert('here'); } ); does absolutely nothing :( I must say that I wrongly assumed that jQueryMobile used jQueryUI controls as it was my first thought, but now working deep in the events I can see this is not the case, only in terms of CSS Design. What can I do? jQuery Mobile Slider source code can be found on Git if it helps anyone as well a test page can be found at JSBin As I understand, the #slider is the textbox with the value, so I would need to hook into the slider handle as the generated code for this slider is: <div data-role="fieldcontain" class="ui-field-contain ui-body ui-br"> <label for="slider" class="ui-input-text ui-slider" id="slider-label">Input slider:</label> <input data-type="range" max="100" min="0" value="0" id="slider" name="slider" class="ui-input-text ui-body-null ui-corner-all ui-shadow-inset ui-body-c ui-slider-input" /> <div role="application" class="ui-slider ui-btn-down-c ui-btn-corner-all"> <a class="ui-slider-handle ui-btn ui-btn-corner-all ui-shadow ui-btn-up-c" href="#" data-theme="c" role="slider" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuenow="54" aria-valuetext="54" title="54" aria-labelledby="slider-label" style="left: 54%;"> <span class="ui-btn-inner ui-btn-corner-all"> <span class="ui-btn-text"></span> </span> </a> </div> </div> and checking the events in the handler anchor I get only the click event $("#slider").next().find("a").data("events");

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  • Programmatically specifying Django model attributes

    - by mojbro
    Hi! I would like to add attributes to a Django models programmatically, at run time. For instance, lets say I have a Car model class and want to add one price attribute (database column) per currency, given a list of currencies. What is the best way to do this? I had an approach that I thought would work, but it didn't exactly. This is how I tried doing it, using the car example above: from django.db import models class Car(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=50) currencies = ['EUR', 'USD'] for currency in currencies: Car.add_to_class('price_%s' % currency.lower(), models.IntegerField()) This does seem to work pretty well at first sight: $ ./manage.py syncdb Creating table shop_car $ ./manage.py dbshell shop=# \d shop_car Table "public.shop_car" Column | Type | Modifiers -----------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------- id | integer | not null default nextval('shop_car_id_seq'::regclass) name | character varying(50) | not null price_eur | integer | not null price_usd | integer | not null Indexes: "shop_car_pkey" PRIMARY KEY, btree (id) But when I try to create a new Car, it doesn't really work anymore: >>> from shop.models import Car >>> mycar = Car(name='VW Jetta', price_eur=100, price_usd=130) >>> mycar <Car: Car object> >>> mycar.save() Traceback (most recent call last): File "<console>", line 1, in <module> File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 410, in save self.save_base(force_insert=force_insert, force_update=force_update) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 495, in save_base result = manager._insert(values, return_id=update_pk) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 177, in _insert return insert_query(self.model, values, **kwargs) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1087, in insert_query return query.execute_sql(return_id) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/subqueries.py", line 320, in execute_sql cursor = super(InsertQuery, self).execute_sql(None) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 2369, in execute_sql cursor.execute(sql, params) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py", line 19, in execute return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) ProgrammingError: column "price_eur" specified more than once LINE 1: ...NTO "shop_car" ("name", "price_eur", "price_usd", "price_eur... ^

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  • Color Theory: How to convert Munsell HVC to RGB/HSB/HSL

    - by Ian Boyd
    I'm looking at at document that describes the standard colors used in dentistry to describe the color of a tooth. They quote hue, value, chroma values, and indicate they are from the 1905 Munsell description of color: The system of colour notation developed by A. H. Munsell in 1905 identifies colour in terms of three attributes: HUE, VALUE (Brightness) and CHROMA (saturation) [15] HUE (H): Munsell defined hue as the quality by which we distinguish one colour from another. He selected five principle colours: red, yellow, green, blue, and purple; and five intermediate colours: yellow-red, green-yellow, blue-green, purple-blue, and red-purple. These were placed around a colour circle at equal points and the colours in between these points are a mixture of the two, in favour of the nearer point/colour (see Fig 1.). VALUE (V): This notation indicates the lightness or darkness of a colour in relation to a neutral grey scale, which extends from absolute black (value symbol 0) to absolute white (value symbol 10). This is essentially how ‘bright’ the colour is. CHROMA (C): This indicates the degree of divergence of a given hue from a neutral grey of the same value. The scale of chroma extends from 0 for a neutral grey to 10, 12, 14 or farther, depending upon the strength (saturation) of the sample to be evaluated. There are various systems for categorising colour, the Vita system is most commonly used in Dentistry. This uses the letters A, B, C and D to notate the hue (colour) of the tooth. The chroma and value are both indicated by a value from 1 to 4. A1 being lighter than A4, but A4 being more saturated than A1. If placed in order of value, i.e. brightness, the order from brightest to darkest would be: A1, B1, B2, A2, A3, D2, C1, B3, D3, D4, A3.5, B4, C2, A4, C3, C4 The exact values of Hue, Value and Chroma for each of the shades is shown below (16) So my question is, can anyone convert Munsell HVC into RGB, HSB or HSL? Hue Value (Brightness) Chroma(Saturation) === ================== ================== 4.5 7.80 1.7 2.4 7.45 2.6 1.3 7.40 2.9 1.6 7.05 3.2 1.6 6.70 3.1 5.1 7.75 1.6 4.3 7.50 2.2 2.3 7.25 3.2 2.4 7.00 3.2 4.3 7.30 1.6 2.8 6.90 2.3 2.6 6.70 2.3 1.6 6.30 2.9 3.0 7.35 1.8 1.8 7.10 2.3 3.7 7.05 2.4 They say that Value(Brightness) varies from 0..10, which is fine. So i take 7.05 to mean 70.5%. But what is Hue measured in? i'm used to hue being measured in degrees (0..360). But the values i see would all be red - when they should be more yellow, or brown. Finally, it says that Choma/Saturation can range from 0..10 ...or even higher - which makes it sound like an arbitrary scale. So can anyone convert Munsell HVC to HSB or HSL, or better yet, RGB?

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  • html widget communicating with server

    - by Nikita Rybak
    I'm making html widget for websites. Let's say, it will display current stock indexes. In short, arbitrary website owner takes code snippet from me and includes it on his webpage http://website.com/index.html. When arbitrary user opens http://website.com/index.html, my code sends request to my server (provider.com), which performs necessary operations and returns information to user's browser. When response has arrived, user will see relevant stock value on http://website.com/index.html. In index.html service could be called like this <script type="text/javascript" src="provider.com/service.js"> </script> <div id="target_area"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> service.show("target_area", options); </script> Now, the problem is in the same origin policy: I can't just send ajax request from website.com to provided.com and return html to embed in client's webpage. I see several solutions, which I list below, but none quite satisfy me. I wonder, if you could suggest something, especially if you had some relevant experience. 1) iframe, plain and simple. Disadvantage: must have fixed dimensions + stupid scroll bars appearing in some browsers. Can be fixed with javascript, but all this browser-specific tinkering doesn't sound good to me. 2) JSONP. Problem: can't return whole chunk of html, must return only data. Then, on browser side, I'll have to use javascript to embed data into html snippet placed statically in index.html. Doesn't sound nice, because data format is not very simple and may even change later. 3) Use hidden iframe to do ajax requests. A bit tricky, but sounds like a way to go. Well, that's my thoughts on the subject. Are there any better ways? BTW, I tried to check some existing widgets too, but didn't find much useful information. All domain names used in this text are fictional and any resemblance is purely coincidental :)

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  • practical security ramifications of increasing WCF clock skew to more than an hour

    - by Andrew Patterson
    I have written a WCF service that returns 'semi-private' data concerning peoples name, addresses and phone numbers. By semi-private, I mean that there is a username and password to access the data, and the data is meant to be secured in transit. However, IMHO noone is going to expend any energy trying to obtain the data, as it is mostly available in the public phone book anyway etc. At some level, the security is a bit of security 'theatre' to tick some boxes imposed on us by government entities. The client end of the service is an application which is given out to registered 'users' to run within their own IT setups. We have no control over the IT of the users - and in fact they often tell us to 'go jump' if we put too many requirements on their systems. One problem we have been encountering is numerous users that have system clocks that are not accurate. This can either be caused by a genuine slow/fast clocks, or more than likely a timezone or daylight savings zone error (putting their machine an hour off the 'real' time). A feature of the WCF bindings we are using is that they rely on the notion of time to detect replay attacks etc. <wsHttpBinding> <binding name="normalWsBinding" maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize="655360"> <reliableSession enabled="false" /> <security mode="Message"> <message clientCredentialType="UserName" negotiateServiceCredential="false" algorithmSuite="Default" establishSecurityContext="false" /> </security> </binding> </wsHttpBinding> The inaccurate client clocks cause security exceptions to be thrown and unhappy users. Other than suggesting users correct their clocks, we know that we can increase the clock skew of the security bindings. http://www.danrigsby.com/blog/index.php/2008/08/26/changing-the-default-clock-skew-in-wcf/ My question is, what are the real practical security ramifications of increasing the skew to say 2 hours? If an attacker can perform some sort of replay attack, why would a clock skew window of 5 minutes be necessarily safer than 2 hours? I presume performing any attack with security mode of 'message' requires more than just capturing some data at a proxy and sending the data back in again to 'replay' the call? In a situation like mine where data is only 'read' by the users, are there indeed any security ramifications at all to allowing 'replay' attacks?

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  • How to make custom WCF error handler return JSON response with non-OK http code?

    - by John
    I'm implementing a RESTful web service using WCF and the WebHttpBinding. Currently I'm working on the error handling logic, implementing a custom error handler (IErrorHandler); the aim is to have it catch any uncaught exceptions thrown by operations and then return a JSON error object (including say an error code and error message - e.g. { "errorCode": 123, "errorMessage": "bla" }) back to the browser user along with an an HTTP code such as BadRequest, InteralServerError or whatever (anything other than 'OK' really). Here is the code I am using inside the ProvideFault method of my error handler: fault = Message.CreateMessage(version, "", errorObject, new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(ErrorMessage))); var wbf = new WebBodyFormatMessageProperty(WebContentFormat.Json); fault.Properties.Add(WebBodyFormatMessageProperty.Name, wbf); var rmp = new HttpResponseMessageProperty(); rmp.StatusCode = System.Net.HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError; rmp.Headers.Add(HttpRequestHeader.ContentType, "application/json"); fault.Properties.Add(HttpResponseMessageProperty.Name, rmp); -- This returns with Content-Type: application/json, however the status code is 'OK' instead of 'InternalServerError'. fault = Message.CreateMessage(version, "", errorObject, new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(ErrorMessage))); var wbf = new WebBodyFormatMessageProperty(WebContentFormat.Json); fault.Properties.Add(WebBodyFormatMessageProperty.Name, wbf); var rmp = new HttpResponseMessageProperty(); rmp.StatusCode = System.Net.HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError; //rmp.Headers.Add(HttpRequestHeader.ContentType, "application/json"); fault.Properties.Add(HttpResponseMessageProperty.Name, rmp); -- This returns with the correct status code, however the content-type is now XML. fault = Message.CreateMessage(version, "", errorObject, new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(ErrorMessage))); var wbf = new WebBodyFormatMessageProperty(WebContentFormat.Json); fault.Properties.Add(WebBodyFormatMessageProperty.Name, wbf); var response = WebOperationContext.Current.OutgoingResponse; response.ContentType = "application/json"; response.StatusCode = HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError; -- This returns with the correct status code and the correct content-type! The problem is that the http body now has the text 'Failed to load source for: http://localhost:7000/bla..' instead of the actual JSON data.. Any ideas? I'm considering using the last approach and just sticking the JSON in the HTTP StatusMessage header field instead of in the body, but this doesn't seem quite as nice?

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  • oci_connect Blank Page in PHP

    - by Bryan
    UPDATE (3/8/2010) I installed Xdebug and have it tracing my code. This is the output I am getting: TRACE START [2010-03-08 17:53:05] 0.2090 327864 -> {main}() /data/aims3/http/octest.php:0 0.2091 327988 -> ini_set(string(14), string(1)) /data/aims3/http/octest.php:3 0.2093 327920 -> error_reporting(long) /data/aims3/http/octest.php:4 0.2094 328048 -> oci_connect(string(8), string(8), string(25)) /data/aims3/http/octest.php:6 The trace halts at that point. I have installed everything the same way on a local server and it works fine. To say I am at a complete loss would be putting it lightly. *NOTE: I ran make test and it returned FAIL on every test. I never ran this on my working machine to see if it reports the same errors. Any idea why make test would report FAIL but make doesn't report any error? I've installed the Oracle Instantclient with no reported errors along with the OCI8 PECL package and at a loss. Whenever I try to open a connection with oci_connect, it halts my entire PHP script. EXAMPLE: <?php ini_set ("display_errors", "1"); error_reporting(E_ALL); echo "before"; $conn = oci_connect("username", "password", "host"); echo "after"; ?> Returns a complete blank page. The module is loaded (seen in phpinfo) and everything installed with no errors. I am at a complete loss. CentOS: 5.4 Apache: 2.2.3 PHP: 5.3.1 InstantClient: 11.2 oci8: 1.4.1 Any thoughts? NOTES Apache Error Log reports nothing Attempted Debugging: 1: <?php ini_set ("display_errors", "1"); error_reporting(E_ALL); echo "before"; if(!function_exists('oci_connect')) die('Oracle Not Installed'); echo "after"; ?> Returns: beforeafter 2: Changing host to //host Returns: Same error

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  • C# Design Questions

    - by guazz
    How to approach unit testing of private methods? I have a class that loads Employee data into a database. Here is a sample: public class EmployeeFacade { public Employees EmployeeRepository = new Employees(); public TaxDatas TaxRepository = new TaxDatas(); public Accounts AccountRepository = new Accounts(); //and so on for about 20 more repositories etc. public bool LoadAllEmployeeData(Employee employee) { if (employee == null) throw new Exception("..."); EmployeeRepository emps = new EmployeeRepository(); bool exists = emps.FetchExisting(emps.Id); if (!exists) { emps.AddNew(); } try { emps.Id = employee.Id; emps.Name = employee.EmployeeDetails.PersonalDetails.Active.Names.FirstName; emps.SomeOtherAttribute; } catch() {} try { emps.Save(); } catch(){} try { LoadorUpdateTaxData(employee.TaxData); } catch() {} try { LoadorUpdateAccountData(employee.AccountData); } catch() {} ... etc. for about 20 more other employee objects } private bool LoadorUpdateTaxData(employeeId, TaxData taxData) { if (taxData == null) throw new Exception("..."); ...same format as above but using AccountRepository } private bool LoadorUpdateAccountData(employee.TaxData) { ...same format as above but using TaxRepository } } I am writing an application to take serialised objects(e.g. Employee above) and load the data to the database. I have a few design question that I would like opinions on: A - I am calling this class "EmployeeFacade" because I am (attempting?) to use the facade pattern. Is it good practace to name the pattern on the class name? B - Is it good to call the concrete entities of my DAL layer classes "Repositories" e.g. "EmployeeRepository" ? C - Is using the repositories in this way sensible or should I create a method on the repository itself to take, say, the Employee and then load the data from there e.g. EmployeeRepository.LoadAllEmployeeData(Employee employee)? I am aim for cohesive class and but this will requrie the repository to have knowledge of the Employee object which may not be good? D - Is there any nice way around of not having to check if an object is null at the begining of each method? E - I have a EmployeeRepository, TaxRepository, AccountRepository declared as public for unit testing purpose. These are really private enities but I need to be able to substitute these with stubs so that the won't write to my database(I overload the save() method to do nothing). Is there anyway around this or do I have to expose them? F - How can I test the private methods - or is this done (something tells me it's not)? G- "emps.Name = employee.EmployeeDetails.PersonalDetails.Active.Names.FirstName;" this breaks the Law of Demeter but how do I adjust my objects to abide by the law?

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  • Authorizing a computer to access a web application

    - by HackedByChinese
    I have a web application, and am tasked with adding secure sign-on to bolster security, akin to what Google has added to Google accounts. Use Case Essentially, when a user logs in, we want to detect if the user has previously authorized this computer. If the computer has not been authorized, the user is sent a one-time password (via email, SMS, or phone call) that they must enter, where the user may choose to remember this computer. In the web application, we will track authorized devices, allowing users to see when/where they logged in from that device last, and deauthorize any devices if they so choose. We require a solution that is very light touch (meaning, requiring no client-side software installation), and works with Safari, Chrome, Firefox, and IE 7+ (unfortunately). We will offer x509 security, which provides adequate security, but we still need a solution for customers that can't or won't use x509. My intention is to store authorization information using cookies (or, potentially, using local storage, degrading to flash cookies, and then normal cookies). At First Blush Track two separate values (local data or cookies): a hash representing a secure sign-on token, as well as a device token. Both values are driven (and recorded) by the web application, and dictated to the client. The SSO token is dependent on the device as well as a sequence number. This effectively allows devices to be deauthorized (all SSO tokens become invalid) and mitigates replay (not effectively, though, which is why I'm asking this question) through the use of a sequence number, and uses a nonce. Problem With this solution, it's possible for someone to just copy the SSO and device tokens and use in another request. While the sequence number will help me detect such an abuse and thus deauthorize the device, the detection and response can only happen after the valid device and malicious request both attempt access, which is ample time for damage to be done. I feel like using HMAC would be better. Track the device, the sequence, create a nonce, timestamp, and hash with a private key, then send the hash plus those values as plain text. Server does the same (in addition to validating the device and sequence) and compares. That seems much easier, and much more reliable.... assuming we can securely negotiate, exchange, and store private keys. Question So then, how can I securely negotiate a private key for authorized device, and then securely store that key? Is it more possible, at least, if I settle for storing the private key using local storage or flash cookies and just say it's "good enough"? Or, is there something I can do to my original draft to mitigate the vulnerability I describe?

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  • VBA - Access 03 - Iterating through a list box, with an if statement to evaluate

    - by Justin
    So I have a one list box with values like DeptA, DeptB, DeptC & DeptD. I have a method that causes these to automatically populate in this list box if they are applicable. So in other words, if they populate in this list box, I want the resulting logic to say they are "Yes" in a boolean field in the table. So to accomplish this I am trying to use this example of iteration to cycle through the list box first of all, and it works great: dim i as integer dim myval as string For i = o to me.lstResults.listcount - 1 myVal = lstResults.itemdata(i) Next i if i debug.print myval, i get the list of data items that i want from the list box. so now i am trying to evaluate that list so that I can have an UPDATE SQL statement to update the table as i need it to be done. so, i know this is a mistake, but this is what i tried to do (giving it as an example so that you can see what i am trying to get to here) dim sql as string dim i as integer dim myval as string dim db as database sql = "UPDATE tblMain SET " for i = 0 to me.lstResults.listcount - 1 myval = lstResults.itemdata(i) If MyVal = "DeptA" Then sql = sql & "DeptA = Yes" ElseIF myval = "DeptB" Then sql = sql & "DeptB = Yes" ElseIf MyVal = "DeptC" Then sql = sql & "DeptC = Yes" ElseIf MyVal = "DeptD" Then sql = sql & "DeptD = Yes" End If Next i debug.print (sql) sql = sql & ";" set db= currentdb db.execute(sql) msgbox "Good Luck!" So you can see why this is going to cause problems because the listbox that these values (DeptA, DeptB, etc) automatically populate in are dynamic....there is rarely one value in the listbox, and the list of values changes per OrderID (what the form I am using this on populates information for in the first place; unique instance). I am looking for something that will evaluate this list one at a time (i.e. iterate through the list of values, and look for "DeptA", and if it is found add yes to the SQL string, and if it not add no to the SQL string, then march on to the next iteration). Even though the listbox populates values dynamically, they are set values, meaning i know what could end up in it. Thanks for any help, Justin

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  • Finding minimum cut-sets between bounded subgraphs

    - by Tore
    If a game map is partitioned into subgraphs, how to minimize edges between subgraphs? I have a problem, Im trying to make A* searches through a grid based game like pacman or sokoban, but i need to find "enclosures". What do i mean by enclosures? subgraphs with as few cut edges as possible given a maximum size and minimum size for number of vertices for each subgraph that act as a soft constraints. Alternatively you could say i am looking to find bridges between subgraphs, but its generally the same problem. Given a game that looks like this, what i want to do is find enclosures so that i can properly find entrances to them and thus get a good heuristic for reaching vertices inside these enclosures. So what i want is to find these colored regions on any given map. My Motivation The reason for me bothering to do this and not just staying content with the performance of a simple manhattan distance heuristic is that an enclosure heuristic can give more optimal results and i would not have to actually do the A* to get some proper distance calculations and also for later adding competitive blocking of opponents within these enclosures when playing sokoban type games. Also the enclosure heuristic can be used for a minimax approach to finding goal vertices more properly. A possible solution to the problem is the Kernighan-Lin algorithm: function Kernighan-Lin(G(V,E)): determine a balanced initial partition of the nodes into sets A and B do A1 := A; B1 := B compute D values for all a in A1 and b in B1 for (i := 1 to |V|/2) find a[i] from A1 and b[i] from B1, such that g[i] = D[a[i]] + D[b[i]] - 2*c[a][b] is maximal move a[i] to B1 and b[i] to A1 remove a[i] and b[i] from further consideration in this pass update D values for the elements of A1 = A1 / a[i] and B1 = B1 / b[i] end for find k which maximizes g_max, the sum of g[1],...,g[k] if (g_max > 0) then Exchange a[1],a[2],...,a[k] with b[1],b[2],...,b[k] until (g_max <= 0) return G(V,E) My problem with this algorithm is its runtime at O(n^2 * lg(n)), i am thinking of limiting the nodes in A1 and B1 to the border of each subgraph to reduce the amount of work done. I also dont understand the c[a][b] cost in the algorithm, if a and b do not have an edge between them is the cost assumed to be 0 or infinity, or should i create an edge based on some heuristic. Do you know what c[a][b] is supposed to be when there is no edge between a and b? Do you think my problem is suitable to use a multi level problem? Why or why not? Do you have a good idea for how to reduce the work done with the kernighan-lin algorithm for my problem?

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  • How to improve compare of item in sorted List<MyItem> with item before and after current item?

    - by Oliver
    Does anyone know about a good way to accomplish this task? Currently i'm doing it more ore less this way, but i'm feeling someway unhappy with this code, unable to say what i could immediately improve. So if anyone has a smarter way of doing this job i would be happy to know. private bool Check(List<MyItem> list) { bool result = true; //MyItem implements IComparable<MyItem> list.Sort(); for (int pos = 0; pos < list.Count - 1; pos++) { bool previousCheckOk = true; if (pos != 0) { if (!CheckCollisionWithPrevious(pos)) { MarkAsFailed(pos); result = false; previousCheckOk = false; } else { MarkAsGood(pos); } } if (previousCheckOk && pos != list.Count - 1) { if (!CheckCollisionWithFollowing(pos)) { MarkAsFailed(pos); result = false; } else { MarkAsGood(pos); } } } return result; } private bool CheckCollisionWithPrevious(int pos) { bool checkOk = false; var previousItem = _Item[pos - 1]; // Doing some checks ... return checkOk; } private bool CheckCollisionWithFollowing(int pos) { bool checkOk = false; var followingItem = _Item[pos + 1]; // Doing some checks ... return checkOk; } Update After reading the answer from Aaronaught and a little weekend to refill full mind power i came up with the following solution, that looks far better now (and nearly the same i got from Aaronaught): public bool Check(DataGridView dataGridView) { bool result = true; _Items.Sort(); for (int pos = 1; pos < _Items.Count; pos++) { var previousItem = _Items[pos - 1]; var currentItem = _Items[pos]; if (previousItem.CollidesWith(currentItem)) { dataGridView.Rows[pos].ErrorText = "Offset collides with item named " + previousItem.Label; result = false; sb.AppendLine("Line " + pos); } } dataGridView.Refresh(); return result; }

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  • JavaScript recursion does not work properly

    - by misha-moroshko
    Hi, Could anyone say why the following recursive function does not work for me ? It should collect recursively all radio buttons in a given element. But, it does not found any for some reason !? Thanks !! <?xml version="1.0" encoding="Windows-1255"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <script type="text/javascript"> function AllInputs(radioElement) { this.radioInputs = ((arguments.length == 1) ? [radioElement] : []); } AllInputs.prototype.toString = function() { return "[object AllInputs: radioInputs: " + this.radioInputs.length + "]"; } AllInputs.prototype.add = function(otherAllInputs) { this.radioInputs = this.radioInputs.concat(otherAllInputs.radioInputs); } function getAllInputsOfElement(element) { if (element.tagName.toLowerCase() == "input") { if (element.getAttribute("type").toLowerCase() == "radio") { return new AllInputs(element); } else { return new AllInputs(); } } else { var result = new AllInputs(); for (i = 0; i < element.children.length; i++) { result.add(getAllInputsOfElement(element.children[i])); } return result; } } function main() { alert(getAllInputsOfElement(document.getElementById("MyTable"))); } </script> </head> <body onload="main()"> <table id="MyTable"> <tr><td>Day</td></tr> <tr><td> <input type="radio" name="DayOfTheWeek" value="1" /><label>Monday</label> <input type="radio" name="DayOfTheWeek" value="2" /><label>Tuesday</label> <input type="radio" name="DayOfTheWeek" value="3" /><label>Wednesday</label> </td></tr> </table> </body> </html>

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  • XML: Process large data

    - by Atmocreations
    Hello What XML-parser do you recommend for the following purpose: The XML-file (formatted, containing whitespaces) is around 800 MB. It mostly contains three types of tag (let's call them n, w and r). They have an attribute called id which i'd have to search for, as fast as possible. Removing attributes I don't need could save around 30%, maybe a bit more. First part for optimizing the second part: Is there any good tool (command line linux and windows if possible) to easily remove unused attributes in certain tags? I know that XSLT could be used. Or are there any easy alternatives? Also, I could split it into three files, one for each tag to gain speed for later parsing... Speed is not too important for this preparation of the data, of course it would be nice when it took rather minutes than hours. Second part: Once I have the data prepared, be it shortened or not, I should be able to search for the ID-attribute I was mentioning, this being time-critical. Estimations using wc -l tell me that there are around 3M N-tags and around 418K W-tags. The latter ones can contain up to approximately 20 subtags each. W-Tags also contain some, but they would be stripped away. "All I have to do" is navigating between tags containing certain id-attributes. Some tags have references to other id's, therefore giving me a tree, maybe even a graph. The original data is big (as mentioned), but the resultset shouldn't be too big as I only have to pick out certain elements. Now the question: What XML parsing library should I use for this kind of processing? I would use Java 6 in a first instance, with having in mind to be porting it to BlackBerry. Might it be useful to just create a flat file indexing the id's and pointing to an offset in the file? Is it even necessary to do the optimizations mentioned in the upper part? Or are there parser known to be quite as fast with the original data? Little note: To test, I took the id being on the very last line on the file and searching for the id using grep. This took around a minute on a Core 2 Duo. What happens if the file grows even bigger, let's say 5 GB? I appreciate any notice or recommendation. Thank you all very much in advance and regards

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  • Conflict between Jquery Validate and Asp.net MVC

    - by chobo2
    Hi I am using asp.net mvc 2.0 and jquery validate 1.7 (http://bassistance.de/jquery-plugins/jquery-plugin-validation/) What happens is this. A user can click on a link to edit a product. When a user clicks on which product they want to edit a jquery dialog box appears with a form of textboxes and dropdown lists. These html controls have information filled in them. Say if the user chooses to edit the Ipad product a dialog will appear and one of the form textboxes will have "Ipad" in it. Now this form gets rendered on the server side(the form is in a partial view). When loading the dialog box a ajax request is made to get that partial view and in the response part of the ajax call I do something like $('#EditDialog).html(ajaxresponse).dialog({...}); So I would have something like this rendered in my dialog box <form id="EditProduct"> Product Name: <input type="text" value="IPad" name="ProductName" /> </form> Now my jquery validate would be something like this. $("#EditProduct").validate( { errorContainer: "#Errorbox", errorLabelContainer: "#Errorbox ul", wrapper: "li", rules: { ProductName: "required" } }); So I know this works because I use the same validate for add product and if you try to leave ProductName blank it will show a validation error. Now it does not work with the edit one though and I think I know the reason why but not how to fix it. The value for the textbox is "IPad" this is how the Html.TextBoxFor() renders it. However if a user goes and changes the product name to "Iphone" or blank the value never changes. It is always "Ipad" in the html. So I think when the validate goes and looks it goes oh there is a value already in it. It is valid even though in reality it might be blank. When I post to the server through ajax it gets the right value and the server side validation stops it but my entire clientside validation is rendered useless because of this problem as it will never change the html.

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  • C# Nested Property Accessing overloading OR Sequential Operator Overloading

    - by Tim
    Hey, I've been searching around for a solution to a tricky problem we're having with our code base. To start, our code resembles the following: class User { int id; int accountId; Account account { get { return Account.Get(accountId); } } } class Account { int accountId; OnlinePresence Presence { get { return OnlinePresence.Get(accountId); } } public static Account Get(int accountId) { // hits a database and gets back our object. } } class OnlinePresence { int accountId; bool isOnline; public static OnlinePresence Get(int accountId) { // hits a database and gets back our object. } } What we're often doing in our code is trying to access the account Presence of a user by doing var presence = user.Account.Presence; The problem with this is that this is actually making two requests to the database. One to get the Account object, and then one to get the Presence object. We could easily knock this down to one request if we did the following : var presence = UserPresence.Get(user.id); This works, but sort of requires developers to have an understanding of the UserPresence class/methods that would be nice to eliminate. I've thought of a couple of cool ways to be able to handle this problem, and was wondering if anyone knows if these are possible, if there are other ways of handling this, or if we just need to think more as we're coding and do the UserPresence.Get instead of using properties. Overload nested accessors. It would be cool if inside the User class I could write some sort of "extension" that would say "any time a User object's Account property's Presence object is being accessed, do this instead". Overload the . operator with knowledge of what comes after. If I could somehow overload the . operator only in situations where the object on the right is also being "dotted" it would be great. Both of these seem like things that could be handled at compile time, but perhaps I'm missing something (would reflection make this difficult?). Am I looking at things completely incorrectly? Is there a way of enforcing this that removes the burden from the user of the business logic? Thanks! Tim

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  • Arranging models, views, controllers in a Kohana 3 project

    - by Pekka
    I'm looking at how to set up a mid-sized web application with Kohana 3. I have implemented MVC patterns in the past but never worked against a "formalized" MVC framework so I'm still getting my head around the terminology - toying around with basic examples, building views and templates, and so on. I'm progressing fairly well but I want to set up a real-world web project (one of my own that I've been planning for quite some time now) as a learning object. I learn best by example, but example-based documentation is a bit sparse for Kohana 3 right now - they say so themselves on the site. While I'm not worried about getting into the framework soon enough, I'm a bit concerned about arranging a healthily structured code base from the start - i.e. how to split up controllers, how to name them, and how to separate the functionality into the appropriate models. My application could, in its core, be described as a business directory with a main businesses table. Businesses can be listed by category and by street name. Each business has a detail page. Business owners can log in and edit their business's entry. Businesses can post offers into an offers table. I know this is pretty vague, but I don't want to cram too much information into this question. I'll be more than happy to go into more detail if needed. Supposing I have all the basic functionality worked out and in place already - list all businesses, edit business, list businesses by street name, create offer, and so on, and I'm just looking for how to fit the functionality into a MVC pattern and into a Kohana application structure that can be easily extended: Do you know real-life, publicly accessible examples of "database-heavy" applications like directories, online communities... with a log-in area built on Kohana 3 where I could take a peek how they do it? Are there conventions or best practices on how to structure an extendable login area for end users in a Kohana project that is not only able to handle a business directory page, but further products on separate pages as well? Do you know application structuring HOWTOs or best practices for Kohana 3 not mentioned in the user guide and the inofficial Wiki? Have you built something similar and could give me some recommendations?

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  • Design question for WinForms (C#) app, using Entity Framework

    - by cdotlister
    I am planning on writing a small home budget application for myself, as a learning excercise. I have built my database (SQL Server), and written a small console application to interact with it, and test out scenarios on my database. Once I am happy, my next step would be to start building the application - but I am already wondering what the best/standard design would be. I am palnning on using Entity Framework for handling my database entities... then linq to sql/objects for getting the data, all running under a WinForms (for now) application. My plan (I've never used EF... and most of my development background is Web apps) is to have my database... with Entity Framework in it's own project.. which has the connection to the database. This project would expose methods such as 'GetAccount()', 'GetAccount(int accountId)' etc. I'd then have a service project that references my EF project. And on top of that, my GUI project, which makes the calls to my service project. But I am stuck. Lets say I have a screen that displays a list of Account types (Debit, Credit, Loan...). Once I have selected one, the next drop down shows a list of accounts I have that suite that account type. So, my OnChange event on my DropDown on the account type control will make a call to the serviceLayer project, 'GetAccountTypes()', and I would expect back a List< of Account Types. However, the AccountType object ... what is that? That can't be the AccountType object from my EF project, as my GUI project doesn't have reference to it. Would I have to have some sort of Shared Library, shared between my GUI and my Service project, with a custom built AccountType object? The GUI can then expect back a list of these. So my service layer would have a method: public List<AccountType> GetAccountTypes() That would then make a call to a custom method in my EF project, which would probably be the same as the above method, except, it returns an list of EF.Data.AccountType (The Entity Framework generated Account Type object). The method would then have the linq code to get the data as I want it. Then my service layer will get that object, and transform it unto my custom AccountType object, and return it to the GUI. Does that sound at all like a good plan?

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  • Does weak typing offer any advantages?

    - by sub
    Don't confuse this with static vs. dynamic typing! You all know JavaScripts/PHPs infamous type systems: PHP example: echo "123abc"+2; // 125 - the reason for this is explained // in the PHP docs but still: This hurts echo "4"+1; // 5 - Oh please echo "ABC"*5; // 0 - WTF // That's too much, seriously now. // This here might be actually a use for weak typing, but no - // it has to output garbage. JavaScript example: // A good old JavaScript, maybe you'll do better? alert("4"+1); // 51 - Oh come on. alert("abc"*3); // NaN - What the... // Have your creators ever heard of the word "consistence"? Python example: # Python's type system is actually a mix # It spits errors on senseless things like the first example below AND # allows intelligent actions like the second example. >>> print("abc"+1) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#2>", line 1, in <module> print("abc"+1) TypeError: Can't convert 'int' object to str implicitly >>> print("abc"*5) abcabcabcabcabc Ruby example: puts 4+"1" // Type error - as supposed puts "abc"*4 // abcabcabcabc - makes sense After these examples it should be clear that PHP/JavaScript probably have the most inconsistent type systems out there. This is a fact and really not subjective. Now when having a closer look at the type systems of Ruby and Python it seems like they are having a much more intelligent and consistent type system. I think these examples weren't really necessary as we all know that PHP/JavaScript have a weak and Python/Ruby have a strong type system. I just wanted to mention why I'm asking this. Now I have two questions: When looking at those examples, what are the advantages of PHPs and JavaScripts type systems? I can only find downsides: They are inconsistent and I think we know that this is not good Types conversions are hardly controllable Bugs are more likely to happen and much harder to spot Do you prefer one of the both systems? Why? Personally I have worked with PHP, JavaScript and Python so far and must say that Pythons type system has really only advantages over PHPs and JavaScripts. Does anybody here not think so? Why then?

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  • Odd behavior in Django Form (readonly field/widget)

    - by jamida
    I'm having a problem with a test app I'm writing to verify some Django functionality. The test app is a small "grade book" application that is currently using Alex Gaynor's readonly field functionality http://lazypython.blogspot.com/2008/12/building-read-only-field-in-django.html There are 2 problems which may be related. First, when I flop the comment on these 2 lines below: # myform = GradeForm(data=request.POST, instance=mygrade) myform = GradeROForm(data=request.POST, instance=mygrade) it works like I expect, except of course that the student field is changeable. When the comments are the shown way, the "studentId" field is displayed as a number (not the name, problem 1) and when I hit submit I get an error saying that studentId needs to be a Student instance. I'm at a loss as to how to fix this. I'm not wedded to Alex Gaynor's code. ANY code will work. I'm relatively new to both Python and Django, so the hints I've seen on websites that say "making a read-only field is easy" are still beyond me. // models.py class Student(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=50) parent = models.CharField(max_length=50) def __unicode__(self): return self.name class Grade(models.Model): studentId = models.ForeignKey(Student) finalGrade = models.CharField(max_length=3) # testbed.grades.readonly is alex gaynor's code from testbed.grades.readonly import ReadOnlyField class GradeROForm(ModelForm): studentId = ReadOnlyField() class Meta: model=Grade class GradeForm(ModelForm): class Meta: model=Grade // views.py def modifyGrade(request,student): student = Student.objects.get(name=student) mygrade = Grade.objects.get(studentId=student) if request.method == "POST": # myform = GradeForm(data=request.POST, instance=mygrade) myform = GradeROForm(data=request.POST, instance=mygrade) if myform.is_valid(): grade = myform.save() info = "successfully updated %s" % grade.studentId else: # myform=GradeForm(instance=mygrade) myform=GradeROForm(instance=mygrade) return render_to_response('grades/modifyGrade.html',locals()) // template <p>{{ info }}</p> <form method="POST" action=""> <table> {{ myform.as_table }} </table> <input type="submit" value="Submit"> </form> // Alex Gaynor's code from django import forms from django.utils.html import escape from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe from django.forms.util import flatatt class ReadOnlyWidget(forms.Widget): def render(self, name, value, attrs): final_attrs = self.build_attrs(attrs, name=name) if hasattr(self, 'initial'): value = self.initial return mark_safe("<span %s>%s</span>" % (flatatt(final_attrs), escape(value) or '')) def _has_changed(self, initial, data): return False class ReadOnlyField(forms.FileField): widget = ReadOnlyWidget def __init__(self, widget=None, label=None, initial=None, help_text=None): forms.Field.__init__(self, label=label, initial=initial, help_text=help_text, widget=widget) def clean(self, value, initial): self.widget.initial = initial return initial

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