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  • Can't get RDFlib to work on windows

    - by john
    I have installed RDFlib 3.0 and everything that is needed, but when I run the following code I get an error. The code below is from: http://code.google.com/p/rdflib/wiki/IntroSparql. I have tried for hours to fix this but with no success. Can please someone help? import rdflib rdflib.plugin.register('sparql', rdflib.query.Processor, 'rdfextras.sparql.processor', 'Processor') rdflib.plugin.register('sparql', rdflib.query.Result, 'rdfextras.sparql.query', 'SPARQLQueryResult') from rdflib import ConjunctiveGraph g = ConjunctiveGraph() g.parse("http://bigasterisk.com/foaf.rdf") g.parse("http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/card.rdf") from rdflib import Namespace FOAF = Namespace("http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/") g.parse("http://danbri.livejournal.com/data/foaf") [g.add((s, FOAF['name'], n)) for s,_,n in g.triples((None, FOAF['member_name'], None))] for row in g.query( """SELECT ?aname ?bname WHERE { ?a foaf:knows ?b . ?a foaf:name ?aname . ?b foaf:name ?bname . }""", initNs=dict(foaf=Namespace("http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"))): print "%s knows %s" % row The error I get is: Traceback (most recent call last): File "...", line 18 in <module> initNs=dict(foaf=Namespace("http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"))): TypeError: query() got an unexpected keyword argument 'initNS'

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  • python can't start a new thread

    - by Giorgos Komnino
    I am building a multi threading application. I have setup a threadPool. [ A Queue of size N and N Workers that get data from the queue] When all tasks are done I use tasks.join() where tasks is the queue . The application seems to run smoothly until suddently at some point (after 20 minutes in example) it terminates with the error thread.error: can't start new thread Any ideas? Edit: The threads are daemon Threads and the code is like: while True: t0 = time.time() keyword_statuses = DBSession.query(KeywordStatus).filter(KeywordStatus.status==0).options(joinedload(KeywordStatus.keyword)).with_lockmode("update").limit(100) if keyword_statuses.count() == 0: DBSession.commit() break for kw_status in keyword_statuses: kw_status.status = 1 DBSession.commit() t0 = time.time() w = SWorker(threads_no=32, network_server='http://192.168.1.242:8180/', keywords=keyword_statuses, cities=cities, saver=MySqlRawSave(DBSession), loglevel='debug') w.work() print 'finished' When the daemon threads are killed? When the application finishes or when the work() finishes? Look at the thread pool and the worker (it's from a recipe ) from Queue import Queue from threading import Thread, Event, current_thread import time event = Event() class Worker(Thread): """Thread executing tasks from a given tasks queue""" def __init__(self, tasks): Thread.__init__(self) self.tasks = tasks self.daemon = True self.start() def run(self): '''Start processing tasks from the queue''' while True: event.wait() #time.sleep(0.1) try: func, args, callback = self.tasks.get() except Exception, e: print str(e) return else: if callback is None: func(args) else: callback(func(args)) self.tasks.task_done() class ThreadPool: """Pool of threads consuming tasks from a queue""" def __init__(self, num_threads): self.tasks = Queue(num_threads) for _ in range(num_threads): Worker(self.tasks) def add_task(self, func, args=None, callback=None): ''''Add a task to the queue''' self.tasks.put((func, args, callback)) def wait_completion(self): '''Wait for completion of all the tasks in the queue''' self.tasks.join() def broadcast_block_event(self): '''blocks running threads''' event.clear() def broadcast_unblock_event(self): '''unblocks running threads''' event.set() def get_event(self): '''returns the event object''' return event

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  • asp.net mvc Ajax.BeginForm clone.

    - by denis_n
    Hello, I'm using asp.net mvc ajax. The partial view is using Ajax.BeginForm (just an example): <div id="divPlaceholder"> <% using (Ajax.BeginForm(new AjaxOptions { UpdateTargetId = "divPlaceholder" })) { %> ... asp.net mvc controls and validation messages <input type="submit" value="Save" /> <% } %> </div> After update, if validation fails, the html is: <div id="divPlaceholder"> <div id="divPlaceholder"> ...form </div> </div> I don't like that the returned html is inserted, instead it should replace original div. Probably on POST I should not render <div> around form in partial view or render the div without id. What else can I do in this situation? I was thinking that maybe I should write a helper, something like Ajax.DivBeginForm, which will render form inside div on GET and hide the div on POST. Can somebody provide a good advice how to write such helper (Ajax.DivBeginForm)? I'd like it to work with using keyword: <% using (Ajax.DivBeginForm(new AjaxOptions { UpdateTargetId = "myId" })) { ... }%>

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  • Reporting Services - can't group by a column called "LanguageId"

    - by marc_s
    Folks, I have a really odd behavior here: I have a SQL Server 2008 Reporting Services report which gets grouped and sorted dynamically. One of the column in my data set which I display is called LanguageId and I was trying to get a grouping going by this LanguageId field. I checked, double-checked and triple-checked the data being returned - it does contain my expected values for LanguageId and everything seems fine and dandy. It just never worked - I didn't get the expected groups, I got things like a specific node actually changing its display value from one ID to another when expanding its subitems, and other really whacky stuff. I discovered that grouping and sorting by LanguageCaption works just fine. It also started working fine after I renamed LanguageId to MyLanguageId. So where on earth is this documented that LanguageId appears to be a system variable / reserved word / keyword of some sort in SQL Server Reporting Services that must be avoided at all costs?? I can't seem to find anything on that topic - even Mr. Google and Mrs. Bing came up empty so far....

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  • Why does C++ not allow multiple types in one auto statement?

    - by Walter
    The 2011 C++ standard introduced the new keyword auto, which can be used for defining variables instead of a type, i.e. auto p=make_pair(1,2.5); // pair<int,double> auto i=std::begin(c), end=std::end(c); // decltype(std::begin(c)) In the second line, i and end are of the same type, referred to as auto. The standard does not allow auto i=std::begin(container), e=std::end(container), x=*i; when x would be of different type. My question: why does the standard not allow this last line? It could be allowed by interpreting auto not as representing some to-be-decuded type, but as indicating that the type of any variable declared auto shall be deduced from its assigned value. Is there any good reason for the C++11 standard to not follow this approach? There is actually a use case for this, namely in the initialisation statement of for loops: for(auto i=std::begin(c), end=std::end(c), x=*i; i!=end; ++i, x+=*i) { ... } when the scope of the variables i, end, and x is limited to the for loop. AFAIK, this cannot be achieved in C++ unless those variables have a common type. Is this correct? (ugly tricks of putting all types inside a struct excluded) There may also be use cases in some variadic template applications.

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  • Which database I can used and relationship in it ??

    - by mimo-hamad
    My projece make me confused which I didn't find clear things that make me understand the required database and the relationships in it So, would a super one help me to solve it ?!! ;D this is required: 1) Model the data stored in the database (Identify the entities, roles, relationships, constraints, etc.) 2) Write the Oracle commands to create the database, find appropriate data, and populate the database 3) Write five different queries on your database, using the SELECT/FROM/WHERE construct provided in SQL. Your five queries should illustrate several different aspects of database querying, such as: a. Queries over more than one relation (by listing more than one relation in the FROM clause) b. Queries involving aggregate functions, such as SUM, COUNT, and AVG c. Queries involving complicated selects and joins d. Queries involving GROUP BY, HAVING or other similar functions. e. Queries that require the use of the DISTINCT keyword. And this the condition that we need to determine it to solve the required Q's above : 5) It is desired to develop an Internet membership club to buy products at special prices online. To join, new members must be referred by another existing member of the club. The system will keep the following information for each member: The member ID, referring member, birth date, member name, address, phone, mobile, credit card type, number and expiration date. The items are always shipped to the member's address noted in the membership application. The shipping fees will differ for each order.For each item to be requested, the member will select an item from a long list of possible items. For each item in the database, we store an item ID, an item name, description, and list price. The list price will be different from the actual sale price. The available quantity and the back-ordered quantity (the back-ordered quantity is the quantity on-order by the club from its suppliers) is also noted

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  • Am I mocking this helper function right in my Django test?

    - by CppLearner
    lib.py from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse def render_reverse(f, kwargs): """ kwargs is a dictionary, usually of the form {'args': [cbid]} """ return reverse(f, **kwargs) tests.py from lib import render_reverse, print_ls class LibTest(unittest.TestCase): def test_render_reverse_is_correct(self): #with patch('webclient.apps.codebundles.lib.reverse') as mock_reverse: with patch('django.core.urlresolvers.reverse') as mock_reverse: from lib import render_reverse mock_f = MagicMock(name='f', return_value='dummy_views') mock_kwargs = MagicMock(name='kwargs',return_value={'args':['123']}) mock_reverse.return_value = '/natrium/cb/details/123' response = render_reverse(mock_f(), mock_kwargs()) self.assertTrue('/natrium/cb/details/' in response) But instead, I get File "/var/lib/graphyte-webclient/graphyte-webenv/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py", line 296, in reverse "arguments '%s' not found." % (lookup_view_s, args, kwargs)) NoReverseMatch: Reverse for 'dummy_readfile' with arguments '('123',)' and keyword arguments '{}' not found. Why is it calling reverse instead of my mock_reverse (it is looking up my urls.py!!) The author of Mock library Michael Foord did a video cast here (around 9:17), and in the example he passed the mock object request to the view function index. Furthermore, he patched POll and assigned an expected return value. Isn't that what I am doing here? I patched reverse? Thanks.

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  • looking to streamline my RSS feed mashup

    - by Mark Cejas
    Hello crafty developers, I have aggregated RSS feeds from various sources with RSSowl, fetching directly from the social mention API. The RSS feeds are categorized into the following major categories: blogs, news, twitter, Q&A and social networking sites. Each major category is nested with a common group of RSS feeds that represent a particular client/brand ontology. Merging these feeds into the RSSowl reader application, allows me to conduct and save refined search queries (from the aggregated data) into a single file - that I can then tag and further segment for analysis. This scheme is utilized for my own research needs and has helped me considerably. However, I find this RSS mashup scheme kinda clumsy, it requires quite a bit of time to initially organize all of the feeds and I would like to be able to do further natural language processing to the data as well as eventually be able to rank the collected list of URL's into some order of media prominence - right I don't want to pay the ridiculous radian6 web analytics fees, when my intuition is telling me that with a bit of 'elbow grease' I can maybe leverage some available resources online to develop a functional low scale web mining application and get some good intelligence from it. I am now starting to learn a little about computer science - my background is in physical science/statistics so is my thinking in the right track? So, I guess I am imagining an application that allows me to query in a refined manner. A manner that allows me to search for keyword combinations, applying AND/OR operators, selectively focus my queries into particular sources - like a collection of blogs or twitter, or social networking communities, then save the results of my queries into a structured format that can then be manipulated and explored. Am I dreaming? I just had to get all of this out. any bit of advice and insight would be hugely appreciated. my best, Mark

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  • Is there a generic way of dealing with varying connection strings in C#?

    - by James Wiseman
    I have an application that needs to connect to a SQL database, and execute a SQL Agent Job. The connection string I am trying to access is stored in the registry, which is easily enough pulled out. This appliction is to be run on multiple computers, and I cannot guarantee the format of this connection string being consistent across these computers. Two that I have pulled out for example are: Data Source=Server1;Initial Catalog=DB1;Integrated Security=SSPI; Data Source=Server2;Initial Catalog=DB1;Provider=SQLNCLI.1;Integrated Security=SSPI;Auto Translate=False; I can use an object of type System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection to connect to the database with the first connection string, howevever, I get the following error when I pass the second to it: keyword not supported: 'provider' Similarly, I can use the an object of type System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection to connect to the database with the second connection string, howevever, I get the following error when I pass the first to it: An OLEDB Provider was not specified in the ConnectionString' I can solve this by scanning the string for 'Provider' and doing the connect conditionally, however I can't help but feel that there is a better way of doing this, and handle the connection strings in a more generic fashion. Does anyone have any suggestions?

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  • Generate and download a text file in javascript

    - by Mark B
    All my research so far suggests this can't be done, but I'm hoping someone here has some cunning ideas. I have a form on a website which allows users to bulk upload lots of URLs to add to a list on the server. There's quite a lot of server-side processing to do on each URL, so to avoid timeouts and to display progress, I've implemented the upload using jQuery to submit the URLs one at a time using ajax. This is all working nicely. However, part of the processing on each URL is deduplicating it against the complete list. The ajax call returns a status indicating either a successful upload or a rejection due to duplication. As the upload progresses, I tell the user how many URLs have been rejected as duplicates (along with overall progress and ETA). The problem now is how to give the user a complete list of the failed duplicate URLs. I've kept them in an array in my jQuery, and would like the user to be able to click on a link on the form to download a text file containing those URLs. Is this possible just using client-side processing? The server-side processing basically handles a single keyword at a time. I'd rather not have to store the duplicates in a database table with some kind of session key which gets sent with every ajax call, and is then used at the end to generate the text file server-side (and then gets cleaned up some time later). I can see how to do this, but it seems very clunky and a bit 20th century.

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  • (Oracle) How get total number of results when using a pagination query?

    - by BestPractices
    I am using Oracle 10g and the following paradigm to get a page of 15 results as a time (so that when the user is looking at page 2 of a search result, they see records 16-30). select * from ( select rownum rnum, a.* from (my_query) a where rownum <= 30 ) where rnum > 15; Right now I'm having to run a separate SQL statement to do a "select count" on "my_query" in order to get the total number of results for my_query (so that I can show it to the user and use it to figure out total number of pages, etc). Is there any way to get the total number of results without doing this via a second query, i.e. by getting it from above query? I've tried adding "max(rownum)", but it doesn't seem to work (I get an error [ORA-01747] that seems to indicate it doesnt like me having the keyword rownum in the group by). My rationale for wanting to get this from the original query rather than doing it in a separate SQL statement is that "my_query" is an expensive query so I'd rather not run it twice (once to get the count, and once to get the page of data) if I dont have to; but whatever solution I can come up with to get the number of results from within a single query (and at the same time get the page of data I need) should not add much if any additional overhead, if possible. Please advise. Here is exactly what I'm trying to do for which I receive an ORA-01747 error because I believe it doesnt like me having ROWNUM in the group by. Note, If there is another solution that doesnt use max(ROWNUM), but something else, that is perfectly fine too. This solution was my first thought as to what might work. SELECT * FROM (SELECT r.*, ROWNUM RNUM, max(ROWNUM) FROM (SELECT t0.ABC_SEQ_ID AS c0, t0.FIRST_NAME, t0.LAST_NAME, t1.SCORE FROM ABC t0, XYZ t1 WHERE (t0.XYZ_ID = 751) AND t0.XYZ_ID = t1.XYZ_ID ORDER BY t0.RANK ASC) r WHERE ROWNUM <= 30 GROUP BY r.*, ROWNUM) WHERE RNUM > 15

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  • SQL - Updating records based on most recent date

    - by Remnant
    I am having difficulty updating records within a database based on the most recent date and am looking for some guidance. By the way, I am new to SQL. As background, I have a windows forms application with SQL Express and am using ADO.NET to interact with the database. The application is designed to enable the user to track employee attendance on various courses that must be attended on a periodic basis (e.g. every 6 months, every year etc.). For example, they can pull back data to see the last time employees attended a given course and also update attendance dates if an employee has recently completed a course. I have three data tables: EmployeeDetailsTable - simple list of employees names, email address etc., each with unique ID CourseDetailsTable - simple list of courses, each with unique ID (e.g. 1, 2, 3 etc.) AttendanceRecordsTable - has 3 columns { EmployeeID, CourseID, AttendanceDate, Comments } For any given course, an employee will have an attendance history i.e. if the course needs to be attended each year then they will have one record for as many years as they have been at the company. What I want to be able to do is to update the 'Comments' field for a given employee and given course based on the most recent attendance date. What is the 'correct' SQL syntax for this? I have tried many things (like below) but cannot get it to work: UPDATE AttendanceRecordsTable SET Comments = @Comments WHERE AttendanceRecordsTable.EmployeeID = (SELECT EmployeeDetailsTable.EmployeeID FROM EmployeeDetailsTable WHERE (EmployeeDetailsTable.LastName =@ParameterLastName AND EmployeeDetailsTable.FirstName =@ParameterFirstName) AND AttendanceRecordsTable.CourseID = (SELECT CourseDetailsTable.CourseID FROM CourseDetailsTable WHERE CourseDetailsTable.CourseName =@CourseName)) GROUP BY MAX(AttendanceRecordsTable.LastDate) After much googling, I discovered that MAX is an aggregate function and so I need to use GROUP BY. I have also tried using the HAVING keyword but without success. Can anybody point me in the right direction? What is the 'conventional' syntax to update a database record based on the most recent date?

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  • asp.net ajax collapsible panel in ie8 problem

    - by stuart
    Anyone try this simple bit of code in an ie8 browswer and try refreshing the page, in ie8 you will get an error around getelementbyid on refresh. When i run it it complains of not being able to find control with id of 'ctl00_main_dd' <cc1:CollapsiblePanelExtender ID="CollapsiblePanelExtender2" runat="server" ImageControlID="Image2" CollapsedImage="~/App_Themes/IMStandard/icons/uparrow.png" ExpandedImage="~/App_Themes/IMStandard/icons/downarrow.png" CollapseControlID="dd" ExpandControlID="dd" TargetControlID="pnlQuickKeywordSearch" SuppressPostBack="true"> </cc1:CollapsiblePanelExtender> <asp:Panel ID="dd" runat="server"> <h3 class="loginHeader"> <asp:Image ID="Image2" runat="server" /> &nbsp;&nbsp;Quick Keyword search&nbsp;<asp:Image ID="HelpIconImage" runat="server" Width="16px" Height="16px" ImageUrl="~/App_Themes/IMStandard/icons/help.png" /></h3> </asp:Panel> <asp:Panel ID="pnlQuickKeywordSearch" Style="float: left; border: double 3px #C9DF86;" runat="server" > <div style="clear: both; padding: 5px;"> </div></asp:Panel> Anybody know why this is happening? is it a bug in ie8 or am i missing something? By the way, i am using masterpages, but i dont think that has anything to do with it. Thanks

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  • LINQ : How to query how to sort result by most similarity/equality

    - by aNui
    I want to do a search for Music instruments which has its informations Name, Category and Origin as I asked in my post. But now I want to sort/group the result by similarity/equality to the keyword such as. If I have the list { Harp, Piano, Drum, Guitar, Guitarrón } and if I queried "p" the result should be { Piano, Harp } but it shows Harp first because of the list's sequence and if I add {Grand Piano} to the list and query "piano" the result shoud be like { Piano, Grand Piano } here's my code static IEnumerable<MInstrument> InstrumentsSearch(IEnumerable<MInstrument> InstrumentsList, string query, MInstrument.Category[] SelectedCategories, MInstrument.Origin[] SelectedOrigins) { var result = InstrumentsList .Where(item => SelectedCategories.Contains(item.category)) .Where(item => SelectedOrigins.Contains(item.origin)) .Where(item => { if ( (" " + item.Name.ToLower()).Contains(" " + query.ToLower()) || item.Name.IndexOf(query) != -1 ) { return true; } return false; } ) .Take(30); return result.ToList<MInstrument>(); } Or the result may be like my old self-invented algorithm that I called "by order of occurence", that is just OK to me. Is there any way to do that, please tell me. Thanks in advance.

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  • array of structures, or structure of arrays?

    - by Jason S
    Hmmm. I have a table which is an array of structures I need to store in Java. The naive don't-worry-about-memory approach says do this: public class Record { final private int field1; final private int field2; final private long field3; /* constructor & accessors here */ } List<Record> records = new ArrayList<Record>(); If I end up using a large number ( 106 ) of records, where individual records are accessed occasionally, one at a time, how would I figure out how the preceding approach (an ArrayList) would compare with an optimized approach for storage costs: public class OptimizedRecordStore { final private int[] field1; final private int[] field2; final private long[] field3; Record getRecord(int i) { return new Record(field1[i],field2[i],field3[i]); } /* constructor and other accessors & methods */ } edit: assume the # of records is something that is changed infrequently or never I'm probably not going to use the OptimizedRecordStore approach, but I want to understand the storage cost issue so I can make that decision with confidence. obviously if I add/change the # of records in the OptimizedRecordStore approach above, I either have to replace the whole object with a new one, or remove the "final" keyword. kd304 brings up a good point that was in the back of my mind. In other situations similar to this, I need column access on the records, e.g. if field1 and field2 are "time" and "position", and it's important for me to get those values as an array for use with MATLAB, so I can graph/analyze them efficiently.

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  • Dealing with SQLException with spring,hibernate & Postgres

    - by mad
    Hi im working on a project using HibernateDaoSUpport from my Daos from Spring & spring-ws & hibernate & postgres who will be used in a national application (means a lot of users) Actually, every exception from hibernate is automatically transformed into some specific Spring dataAccesException. I have a table with a keyword on the dabatase & a unique constraint on the keywords : no duplicate keywords is allowed. I have found twows ways to deal with with that in the Insert Dao: 1- Check for the duplicate manually (with a select) prior to doing your insert. I means that the spring transaction will have a SERIALIZABLE isolation level. The obvious drawback is that we have now 2 queries for a simple insert.Advantage: independent of the database 2-let the insert gone & catch the SqlException & convert it to a userfriendly message & errorcode to the final consumer of our webservices. Solution 2: Spring has developped a way to translate specific exeptions into customized exceptions. see http://www.oracle.com/technology/pub/articles/marx_spring.html In my case i would have a ConstraintViolationException. Ideally i would like to write a custom SQLExceptionTranslator to map the duplicate word constraint in the database with a DuplicateWordException. But i can have many unique constraints on the same table. So i have to get the message of the SQLEXceptions in order to find the name of the constraint declared in the create table "uq_duplicate-constraint" for example. Now i have a strong dependency with the database. Thanks in advance for your answers & excuse me for my poor english (it is not my mother tongue)

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  • Should not a tail-recursive function also be faster?

    - by Balint Erdi
    I have the following Clojure code to calculate a number with a certain "factorable" property. (what exactly the code does is secondary). (defn factor-9 ([] (let [digits (take 9 (iterate #(inc %) 1)) nums (map (fn [x] ,(Integer. (apply str x))) (permutations digits))] (some (fn [x] (and (factor-9 x) x)) nums))) ([n] (or (= 1 (count (str n))) (and (divisible-by-length n) (factor-9 (quot n 10)))))) Now, I'm into TCO and realize that Clojure can only provide tail-recursion if explicitly told so using the recur keyword. So I've rewritten the code to do that (replacing factor-9 with recur being the only difference): (defn factor-9 ([] (let [digits (take 9 (iterate #(inc %) 1)) nums (map (fn [x] ,(Integer. (apply str x))) (permutations digits))] (some (fn [x] (and (factor-9 x) x)) nums))) ([n] (or (= 1 (count (str n))) (and (divisible-by-length n) (recur (quot n 10)))))) To my knowledge, TCO has a double benefit. The first one is that it does not use the stack as heavily as a non tail-recursive call and thus does not blow it on larger recursions. The second, I think is that consequently it's faster since it can be converted to a loop. Now, I've made a very rough benchmark and have not seen any difference between the two implementations although. Am I wrong in my second assumption or does this have something to do with running on the JVM (which does not have automatic TCO) and recur using a trick to achieve it? Thank you.

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  • JVM GC demote object to eden space?

    - by Kevin
    I'm guessing this isn't possible...but here goes. My understanding is that eden space is cheaper to collect than old gen space, especially when you start getting into very large heaps. Large heaps tend to come up with long running applications (server apps) and server apps a lot of the time want to use some kind of caches. Caches with some kind of eviction (LRU) tend to defeat some assumptions that GC makes (temporary objects die quickly). So cache evictions end up filling up old gen faster than you'd like and you end up with a more costly old gen collection. Now, it seems like this sort of thing could be avoided if java provided a way to mark a reference as about to die (delete keyword)? The difference between this and c++ is that the use is optional. And calling delete does not actually delete the object, but rather is a hint to the GC that it should demote the object back to Eden space (where it will be more easily collected). I'm guessing this feature doesn't exist, but, why not (is there a reason it's a bad idea)?

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  • multiple definition in header file

    - by Jérôme
    Here is a small code-example from which I'd like to ask a question : complex.h : #ifndef COMPLEX_H #define COMPLEX_H #include <iostream> class Complex { public: Complex(float Real, float Imaginary); float real() const { return m_Real; }; private: friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& o, const Complex& Cplx); float m_Real; float m_Imaginary; }; std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& o, const Complex& Cplx) { return o << Cplx.m_Real << " i" << Cplx.m_Imaginary; } #endif // COMPLEX_H complex.cpp : #include "complex.h" Complex::Complex(float Real, float Imaginary) { m_Real = Real; m_Imaginary = Imaginary; } main.cpp : #include "complex.h" #include <iostream> int main() { Complex Foo(3.4, 4.5); std::cout << Foo << "\n"; return 0; } When compiling this code, I get the following error : multiple definition of operator<<(std::ostream&, Complex const&) I've found that making this fonction inline solves the problem, but I don't understand why. Why does the compiler complain about multiple definition ? My header file is guarded (with #define COMPLEX_H). And, if complaining about the operator<< fonction, why not complain about the public real() fonction, which is defined in the header as well ? And is there another solution as using the inline keyword ?

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  • C++: calling non-member functions with the same syntax of member ones

    - by peoro
    One thing I'd like to do in C++ is to call non-member functions with the same syntax you call member functions: class A { }; void f( A & this ) { /* ... */ } // ... A a; a.f(); // this is the same as f(a); Of course this could only work as long as f is not virtual (since it cannot appear in A's virtual table. f doesn't need to access A's non-public members. f doesn't conflict with a function declared in A (A::f). I'd like such a syntax because in my opinion it would be quite comfortable and would push good habits: calling str.strip() on a std::string (where strip is a function defined by the user) would sound a lot better than calling strip( str );. most of the times (always?) classes provide some member functions which don't require to be member (ie: are not virtual and don't use non-public members). This breaks encapsulation, but is the most practical thing to do (due to point 1). My question here is: what do you think of such feature? Do you think it would be something nice, or something that would introduce more issues than the ones it aims to solve? Could it make sense to propose such a feature to the next standard (the one after C++0x)? Of course this is just a brief description of this idea; it is not complete; we'd probably need to explicitly mark a function with a special keyword to let it work like this and many other stuff.

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  • Strange problem with simple multithreading program in Java

    - by Elizabeth
    Hello, I am just starting play with multithreading programming. I would like to my program show alternately character '-' and '+' but it doesn't. My task is to use synchronized keyword. As far I have: class FunnyStringGenerator{ private char c; public FunnyStringGenerator(){ c = '-'; } public synchronized char next(){ if(c == '-'){ c = '+'; } else{ c = '-'; } return c; } } class ThreadToGenerateStr implements Runnable{ FunnyStringGenerator gen; public ThreadToGenerateStr(FunnyStringGenerator fsg){ gen = fsg; } @Override public void run() { for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++){ System.out.print(gen.next()); } } } public class Main{ public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { FunnyStringGenerator FSG = new FunnyStringGenerator(); ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); for(int i = 0; i < 20; i++){ exec.execute(new ThreadToGenerateStr(FSG)); } } } EDIT: I also testing Thread.sleep in run method instead for loop.

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  • Delphi: Transporting Objects to remote computers

    - by pr0wl
    Hallo. I am writing a tier2 ordering software for network usage. So we have client and server. On the client I create Objects of TBest in which the Product ID, the amount and the user who orders it are saved. (So this is a item of an Order). An order can have multiple items and those are saved in an array to later send the created order to the server. The class that holds the array is called TBestellung. So i created both TBest.toString: string; and TBest.fromString(source: string): TBest; Now, I send the toString result to the server via socket and on the server I create the object using fromString (its parsing the attributes received). This works as intended. Question: Is there a better and more elegant way to do that? Serialisation is a keyword, yes, but isn't that awful / difficult when you serialize an object (TBestellung in this case) that contains an Array of other Objects (TBest in this case)? //Small amendment: Before it gets asked. Yes I should create an extra (static) class for toString and fromString because otherwise the server needs to create an "empty" TBest in order to be able to use fromString.

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  • Manipulating a NSTextField via AppleScript

    - by Garry
    A little side project I'm working on is a digital life assistant, much like project JARVIS. What I'm trying to do is speak to my mac, have my words translated to text and then have the text interpreted by my program. Currently, my app is very simple, consisting of a single window containing a single wrapped NSTextView. Using MacSpeech Dictate, When I say the custom command "Jeeves", MacSpeech ensures that my app is frontmost, highlights any text in the TextField and clears it, then presses the Return key to trigger the textDidEndEditing method of NSTextField. This is done via Applescript. MacSpeech then switches to dictation mode and the next sentence I say will appear in the NSTextField. What I can't figure out is how to signify that I have finished saying a command to my program. I could simply say another keyword like "execute" or something similar that would send an AppleScript return keystroke to my app (thereby triggering the textDidEndEditing event) but this is cumbersome. Is there a notification that happens when text is pasted into a NSTextField? Would a timer work that would fire after maybe three seconds once my program becomes frontmost (three seconds should be sufficient for me to say a command)? Thanks,

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  • What does it mean to say "Instance variables are not over-rided" in java?

    - by Ankit
    I am aware of the concept called field hiding in java. But still I am having a confusion in relation to instance variable being not over-ridden. According to my present knowledge, overriding a method of super-class means that the JVM will call the sub-class's over-ridden method though the super-class's method is available to the sub-class. And I read the similar thing for field hiding via the link:- Hiding Fields So, in any case we are over-ridding the instance if we change the values of the inherited instance variable in the sub-class. I am confused please help. I am using the following super-class:- public class Animal{ File picture; String food; int hunger; int width, height; int xcoord, ycoord; public void makeNoise(){ ......... } public void eat(){ ............. } public void sleep(){ .......... } public void roam(){ ............. } } It has sub-classes like Tiger, cat, dog,hippo etc. The sub-classes over-ride the makeNoise(), eat and roam() method. But each sub-class also uses a different set of values for instance variables. So as per my confusion, I am kind-of overriding all the instance variables and 3 methods of the super-class Animal; and I still have the super-class instance variables available to the sub-class with the use of the super keyword.

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  • .NET Error with Dynamic T-SQL

    - by Phillip Theriault
    I am trying to create a TableAdapter in .NET using a stored procedure, but I'm getting an error "Incorrect syntax near the keyword 'WHERE'". I have narrowed down the problem in the stored procedure to the following lines: IF @NumRows > 0 SET @SQL += N' WHERE T1.RowNumber BETWEEN 1 and 10' ELSE SET @SQL += N' WHERE T1.RowNumber > 0' @NumRows is an input parameter that defaults to 0. However, if I remove either of those lines everything works fine (both WHERE clauses work fine by themselves when there is no IF/ELSE statement). It almost looks like .NET is ignoring the IF/ELSE and attempting to add the WHERE clause twice. It also works fine if I change it like so: IF @NumRows > 0 SET @SQL += N'' ELSE SET @SQL += N' WHERE T1.RowNumber > 0' One of the WHERE clauses has been removed, and there's no longer a conflict on the .NET side. So I'm pretty sure it has to do with the 2 WHERE clauses, and not with anything else. The sproc runs perfectly fine in SQL Server, and it even runs in .NET despite the error if I click "Preview Data". The only problem is that it won't auto-populate the list of fields, which I need for creating a report. Has anybody seen this before and have a suggestion?

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