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  • suggestions for firewall/router project using *BSD or Linux

    - by Adeodatus
    Hi All, I have a project in mind and I'd love to hear some ideas on some open source solutions with COTS hardware. I have a few 24 and/or 48 port managed layer2 switches with customers potentially on each port (though its usually about 20-30). Right now the switch has a bridged network and backhaul the traffic to our core to a centralized DHCP server. I need to move them to a NAT solution and, while doing this, I'd like to protect the customers on each port from the customer traffic on the other ports. I also need to be able to port forward from the public side of the firewall/nat box to specific hardware on the inside of the nat machine (easy enough, I know). My first thoughts are to build an appliance-like box (the fewer moving parts the better) that can do filtering and NAT with rfc1918 an address range being handed out via a DHCP server on the appliance. A caching DNS server on the appliance would be a plus since we backhaul everything to the core. I'd like to run FreeBSD but I'm open. Now, to try to limit the broadcast traffic thats visible I was thinking of doing each port on the switch as a different vlan and have the switch do trunking to the private NIC on the FreeBSD/appliance. I'd probably need to do some magic on the freebsd NIC to get this working but it should. We have the parts to build these systems. So, does this make sense? Are there any other solutions out there that we don't have to spend money on but can use our parts to create something? Are there any good distros that could do this already (monowall)?? I may or may not admin this solution so a secure web configuration and management tool would be a plus in the other admins' minds. Thoughts?

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  • Linux laptop encryption

    - by kaerast
    What are my options for encrypting the /home directories of my Ubuntu laptops? They are currently setup without any encryption and some have /home as a separate partition whilst others don't. Most of these laptops are single-user standalone laptops which are out on the road a lot. Is ecryptfs and the encrypted Private directory good enough or are there better, more secure, options? If somebody got hold of the laptop, how easy would it be for them to gain access to the encrypted files? Similar questions for encrypted lvm, truecrypt and any other solution I may not be aware of.

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  • Linux: close a program with command line (not kill it)

    - by CodeNoob
    Some applications only allow one running instance (like eclipse, if you want to use the same workspace). So if I log in from another location, I have to kill/close the application that was open when I previously logged in from another location. I always use kill command to kill the running process. But, if you kill a process, it might not save some states that are useful for future usage. However, if you "close" it properly byclicking on the close button, for example, it will save the states properly. Is there a way to properly "close" an application from command line? I know this can vary from applications, so let's be a bit more generic: how to send a signal to another running application, and this signal works just as if we click the "close" button in the top bar? thanks!

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  • Como instalar Windows (x86/x64) sobre Linux (Ubuntu)

    - by yorrany
    I installed Ubuntu edition (10.04) on my windows 7, completely eliminating it to the original installation. After I was forced to reverse the process, but could not find tools or explanations of how to do it. To clarify the equipment, it is: a netbook, acer, no optical drive cd / dvd, the process should be fully via USB. I hope I was clear enough, count on the support of you. Thank you. -- Instalei a edição Ubuntu (10.04) sobre meu Windows 7, eliminando completamente a a instalação original. Depois fui forçado à reverter o processo, mas não encontrei ferramentas ou explicações de como fazê-lo. Para esclarecer sobre o equipamento, trata-se de: um netbook, acer, sem leitor óptico de cd/dvd, o processo deverá ser totalmente via USB. Espero ter sido bastante claro, conto com o suporte de vocês. Muito obrigado.

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  • How to record screencast on Linux with mouse clicks and key hits shown

    - by zalun
    Basically I'm looking for an application. I know it's slightly off topic, but I'm looking for it to record a series of tutorials for a program I wrote. It's important to show the actions like mouse click, mouse right click, and all what's coming out from the keyboard. In the similar way to this video http://www.flickr.com/photos/jannis/3246408003/ which is made using OSX and ScreenFlick http://www.araelium.com/screenflick/ Is there such an option? Thanks

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  • Linux flash player settings dialog unclickable

    - by bullettime
    I'm using Slackware 13. When a flash app pops up the allow/deny dialog, I'm stuck because the buttons are unclickable. My adobe flash player version is 10,0,42,34. How can I fix this problem? Edit: I'm using fluxbox. I'm using an acer notebook with a synaptics touchpad... both the touchpad and the mouse can't interact with the dialog.

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  • Print full path of files and sizes with find in Linux

    - by cat pants
    Here are the specs: Find all files in / modified after the modification time of /tmp/test, exclude /proc and /sys from the search, and print the full path of the file along with human readable size. Here is what I have so far: find / \( -path /proc -o -path /sys \) -prune -o -newer /tmp/test -exec ls -lh {} \; | less The issue is that the full path doesn't get printed. Unfortunately, ls doesn't support printing the full path! And all solutions I have found that show how to print the full path suggest using find. :| Any ideas? Thanks!

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  • Linux Transparent Bridge for Network

    - by Blackninja543
    I am attempting to set up a semi-transparent bridge. I say semi because I want it to act as a transparent tap for all traffic moving through both sides of the bridge. What I also want is to have the "green zone" accessible to a web interface for the bridge that will display all results of the IDS and other network monitoring tools. My example would be as such: eth0 <--> bridge(br0) <--> eth1 The entire network would be on the same subset however anything coming from eth0 to eth1 would be accepted. The only time anything would be drop is if the eth0 attempted to access br0. If someone attempts to access the web interface on br0 through eth1 it will succeed. My biggest problem I feel is if I attempt to block anything from eth0 to br0 this will drop the bridge all together.

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  • Quick, Linux-compatible unit-aware calculator

    - by endolith
    I want to be able to press a keyboard combination, start typing a mathematical expression that includes units and slightly advanced math (not just a four-function calculator), and get a result immediately, in units that I specify, that I can copy and paste. Currently I open Firefox and press Ctrl+K, type in the search box, and it usually gives me a result in the drop-down from Google Calculator. It doesn't always, though, so I press "=" at the end, wait for a result, remove the equals, wait for a result, realize it doesn't understand the way I typed a unit, open the result in a new tab, etc. it sucks. Wolfram Alpha is smarter, but very much slower, and the output is all images, not text, and I don't have a quick widget for it, if such a thing could even exist. GNU units has a ton of units, which is great, and I can define my own units, which is great, but they have to be written in specific, unintuitive ways, it doesn't handle much advanced math, and I'd need to open a terminal, start units, etc. I hate the command line. I wasted a lot of time trying to make front-ends for units in Deskbar and Launchy, but I'm not a real coder and I don't use either of those anymore. Any other solutions or enhancements of these?

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  • linux grep question

    - by lepricon123
    how do i find a string in files in a directory. And these file names begin with letter a. I also want to get the number of occurrences of this string fromt he grep I run. I tried this cat * | grep -c string but it searches all files. I just want to search files that begin with letter a Thanks

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  • Linux's best filesystem to work with 10000's of files without overloading the system I/O

    - by mhambra
    Hi all. It is known that certain AMD64 Linuxes are subject of being unresponsive under heavy disk I/O (see Gentoo forums: AMD64 system slow/unresponsive during disk access (Part 2)), unfortunately have such one. I want to put /var/tmp/portage and /usr/portage trees to a separate partition, but what FS to choose for it? Requirements: * for journaling, performance is preffered over safe data read/write operations * optimized to read/write 10000 of small files Candidates: * ext2 without any journaling * BtrFS In Phoronix tests, BtrFS had demonstrated a good random access performance (fat better than XFS thereby it may be less CPU-aggressive). However, unpacking operation seems to be faster with XFS there, but it was tested that unpacking kernel tree to XFS makes my system to react slower for 51% disregard of any renice'd processes and/or schedulers. Why no ReiserFS? Google'd this (q: reiserfs ext2 cpu): 1 Apr 2006 ... Surprisingly, the ReiserFS and the XFS used significantly more CPU to remove file tree (86% and 65%) when other FS used about 15% (Ext3 and ... Is it same now?

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  • Scientific Linux - mysql and apachefail to start on reboot

    - by Derek Deed
    Both mysqld and httpd fail to restart following a reboot of the server, although chkconfig --list shows both daemons set to on for run levels 2,3,4 & 5 All control is being exectuted via Webmin Reboot server – MySQl and Apache not running MySQL Database Server MySQL version 5.1.69 MySQL is not running on your system - database list could not be retrieved. Click this button to start the MySQL database server on your system with the command /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start. This Webmin module cannot administer the database until it is started. Apache Webserver Apache version 2.2.15 Start Apache Search Docs.. Global configuration Existing virtual hosts Create virtual host Select all. | Invert selection. Default Server Defines the default settings for all other virtual servers, and processes any unhandled requests. Address Any Port Any Server Name Automatic Document Root /var/www/drupal Virtual Server Processes all requests on port 443 not handled by other virtual servers. Address Any Port 443 Server Name Automatic Document Root /var/www/drupal Select all. | Invert selection. chkconfig --list mysqld mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off chkconfig --list httpd httpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off Manually Restart Apache chkconfig --list httpd httpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off Manually Restart MySQL chkconfig --list mysqld mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off Everything now running okay; but no difference in the chkconfig outputs above. Set chkconfig --levels 235 httpd on /etc/init.d/httpd start The same for mysqld but no change in operation. Log files show that the shutdown has been completed successfully; but there is no indication of the service restarting until it is executed manually: 131112 13:59:15 InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 131112 13:59:16 InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 0 881747021 131112 13:59:16 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld: Shutdown complete 131112 13:59:16 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended 131112 14:09:52 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql 131112 14:09:52 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 8.0M 131112 14:09:52 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool [Tue Nov 12 13:59:13 2013] [notice] suEXEC mechanism enabled (wrapper: /usr/sbin/suexec) [Tue Nov 12 13:59:13 2013] [notice] Digest: generating secret for digest authentication ... [Tue Nov 12 13:59:13 2013] [notice] Digest: done [Tue Nov 12 13:59:14 2013] [notice] Apache/2.2.15 (Unix) DAV/2 PHP/5.3.3 mod_ssl/2.2.15 OpenSSL/1.0.0-fips configured -- resuming normal operations [Tue Nov 12 13:59:14 2013] [notice] caught SIGTERM, shutting down [Tue Nov 12 14:27:13 2013] [notice] suEXEC mechanism enabled (wrapper: /usr/sbin/suexec) [Tue Nov 12 14:27:13 2013] [notice] Digest: generating secret for digest authentication ... [Tue Nov 12 14:27:13 2013] [notice] Digest: done [Tue Nov 12 14:27:13 2013] [notice] Apache/2.2.15 (Unix) DAV/2 PHP/5.3.3 mod_ssl/2.2.15 OpenSSL/1.0.0-fips configured -- resuming normal operations Is anyone able to shed any light on this problem, Cheers, Derek.

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  • Linux command to concatenate audio files and output them to ogg

    - by hasen j
    What command-line tools do I need in order to concatenate several audio files and output them as one ogg (and/or mp3)? If you can provide the complete command to concatenate and output to ogg, that would be awesome. Edit: Input files (in my case, currently) are in wma format, but ideally it should be flexible enough to support a wide range of popular formats. Edit2: Just to clarify, I don't want to merge all wmas in a certain directory, I just want to concatenate 2 or 3 files into one. Thanks for the proposed solutions, but they all seem to require creating temporary files, if possible at all, I'd like to avoid that.

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  • Different block sizes for partition and underlying logical disk on HP Raid Controller (Linux)

    - by Wawrzek
    Following links collected in this thread I started to check blockdev and found the following output indicating different sizes for partition c0d9p1 and the underlying device (c0d9): [root@machine ~]# blockdev --report /dev/cciss/c0d9 RO RA SSZ BSZ StartSec Size Device rw 256 512 4096 0 3906963632 /dev/cciss/c0d9 [root@machine ~]# blockdev --report /dev/cciss/c0d9p1 RO RA SSZ BSZ StartSec Size Device rw 256 512 2048 1 3906959039 /dev/cciss/c0d9p1 We have a lot of small files, so yes the block size is smaller than normal. The device is a logical driver on an HP P410 raid controller, simple disk without any raid - RAID 0 on one disk to be precise. (Please note that above configuration is a feature not a bug). Therefore, I have the following questions. Can the above discrepancy in the block size affect disk performance? Can I control the block size using hpacucli?

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  • Linux: Combine two partitions?

    - by Jakobud
    This workstation is running Fedora 11. It has 4 HDDs raided into 4 partitions: / (31 gig) /boot (134 meg) /data (140 gig) /FC12 (31 gig) The previous employee that used my current workstation set it up this way. He apparently created the FC12 partition to test a Fedora 12 installation. I don't need Fedora 12 so I wiped that partition and now I'm wondering if its possible for me to combine the /FC12 partition into the / partition, so that the / partition will now be 62 gigs. Is this possible? If so, how? Can it be done w/o reinstalling the OS? I've toyed with Fedora's LVM admin interface but it seems very basic and there doesn't seem to be anything about combining partitions. I've also messed with other HDD utilities that are in Fedora (Palimpsest Disk Utlity) but all it seems to be able to do is mount and umount partitions.

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  • Exporting Environment Variables in Ubuntu Linux

    - by stanigator
    I know many people have asked about environment variables before, but I am having a hard time dealing with these paths while ensuring I don't mess around with the original settings. How would you go about executing these commands in Ubuntu in terms of environment variables? Thanks in advance! Please put /home/stanley/Downloads/ns-allinone-2.34/bin:/home/stanley/Downloads/ns-allinone-2.34/tcl8.4.18/unix:/home/stanley/Downloads/ns-allinone-2.34/tk8.4.18/unix into your PATH environment; so that you'll be able to run itm/tclsh/wish/xgraph. IMPORTANT NOTICES: (1) You MUST put /home/stanley/Downloads/ns-allinone-2.34/otcl-1.13, /home/stanley/Downloads/ns-allinone-2.34/lib, into your LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable. If it complains about X libraries, add path to your X libraries into LD_LIBRARY_PATH. If you are using csh, you can set it like: setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH If you are using sh, you can set it like: export LD_LIBRARY_PATH= (2) You MUST put /home/stanley/Downloads/ns-allinone-2.34/tcl8.4.18/library into your TCL_LIBRARY environmental variable. Otherwise ns/nam will complain during startup.

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  • What does S in linux file properties mean?

    - by penguin
    I'm creating directories and changing the permissions of them in perl with the following code: umask 0000; mkdir $path, 0770; chown $userid, $groupid, $path; Now when I do ls -l on a directory I've just created, they are as follows: drwxrws--- 2 user group 4096 Nov 3 15:34 test1 I notice for the group permissions, there's an s instead of x. Even if I chmod manually to remove all permissions for the user and group ("chmod g=" and "chmod u=", it's still there: d-----S--- 2 user group 4096 Nov 3 15:36 test2 The internet suggests S means everything in the folder is run as su or something? I don't quite understand what it means but I figure I should understand seeing as these are webroots so if there's a security implication, I ought to be aware of it. Many thanks for your help!

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  • Linux Unable to Write to Directory Despite Permissions

    - by Nick Q.
    I'm trying to give myself permissions to /var/www/ however for some reason I am unable to do so. Currently what I'm facing is this: nick@server1:/var$ ls -l drwxrwxr-x 5 root wwwusers 232 Mar 15 19:31 www nick@server1:/var$ groups nick wwwusers nick@server1:/var$ mkdir www/trying mkdir: cannot create directory `www/trying': Permission denied I am running Ubuntu 10.04 LTS on a VPS and am used to running unix on my own machine so I may be doing something absolutely stupid, but I would like to be able to have the group wwwusers be able to write to www.

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  • Linux: Dropbox alternative with sftp/rsync/... access

    - by Daniel
    Currently on my VPS I'm running couple of sites and Dropbox daemon to store backups. Problem is that VPS has 512M RAM and it was enough until new version of Wordpress (I don't know why, but now it consumes more memory) so I have a really bad choice: either stop Dropbox daemon and backups or to buy more memory (not that expensive but still). So I'm looking for some way to rsync data into Dropbox or similar service or figure out how to make Dropbox consume less memory. Any ideas?

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  • Hardening non-root standalone Linux Tomcat install

    - by NoozNooz42
    I want to know if you have any tips as to how to strengthen the security of a non-root install of Tomcat in standalone mode once Tomcat is already installed in a non-root account, in standalone mode. I precise this because, for example, I'm not at all interested by the answers given here (because both Java and Tomcat requires root priviledges there to be installed and I've got zero interest in running jsvc): http://serverfault.com/questions/43765 So far, here's what I've done for my non-root standalone Tomcat 6 install: download and install the JRE .bin provided by Oracle/Sun (no need to be root here) (no need for a full JDK anymore right seen that Jasper [Tomcat's JSP engine] has its own compiler now right?) download and tar -xzf tomcat 6 (no need to be root here) set up transparent port-forwarding (must be root here) Note that my distribution is a Debian one and I have exactly zero interest in downloading Debian package / backports / whatever... Because, once again, I DO NOT want to need to be root to install Java & Tomcat. The only moment I needed to be root was to configure the firewall to transparently do the port forwarding 80 <-- 8080 and 443 <-- 8443. I then deleted all the default webapps but one: cd ~/apache-tomcat-6.0.26/webapps rm -rf docs rm -rf examples/ rm -rf manager/ rm -rf ROOT/ What about the directory ~/apache-tomcat-6.0.26/webapps/host-manager, do I need it or can I delete it? So, once I've installed Tomcat standalone in a non-root account (and taken into account that I don't want to enter the root password anymore and that I don't plan to install the whole Apache shebang), what more can I do? Are there connectors I can disable? (how?)

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  • fdisk (linux) partitioning raid0

    - by Silverrocker
    I'm trying to create partitions for a slackware instalation on my computer (beside Windows 7) just to have a nice distro running mostly for school but when I run fdisk and print the partitiontable I get the following message: Partition x does not end on cylinder boundary. (in my case x = 1, just using x to help googlers). I must say I'm using a raid card (AMCC 3ware 9500S SATA RAID Controller). Maybe this is the problem. How can I fix this without loosing any data?

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  • How to block access to websites on a linux box [closed]

    - by user364952
    I'm just curious how many ways people can come up with to block access to a website. I simply intended to block (my own) access to news.ycombinator.com to stop my productivity drain. The first two methods I thought of were editing the hosts file to resolve news.ycombinator.com to 0.0.0.0 or adding a rule to iptables. iptables -A OUTPUT -d news.ycombinator.com -j REJECT Disclaimer: I do realise that the above two methods are easily by-passable. Doesn't help this is my own machine. What other ways does the internet know?

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  • Linux Experts Riddle: Network output of 10MB/s on 10GB/s NIC

    - by user150324
    I have two CentOS 6 servers. I am trying to transfer files between them. Source server has 10GB/s NIC nd destination server has 1GB/s NIC. Regardless to the command used nor the protocol, the transfer speed is ~1 Mega byte per second. The goal is at least couple dozens MB per second. I have tried: rsync (also with various encryptions), scp, wget, aftp, nc. Here's some testing results with iperf: [root@serv ~]# iperf -c XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX -i 1 ------------------------------------------------------------ Client connecting to XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX, TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 64.0 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [ 3] local XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX port 33180 connected with XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX port 5001 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 0.0- 1.0 sec 1.30 MBytes 10.9 Mbits/sec [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 1.0- 2.0 sec 1.28 MBytes 10.7 Mbits/sec [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 2.0- 3.0 sec 1.34 MBytes 11.3 Mbits/sec [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 3.0- 4.0 sec 1.53 MBytes 12.8 Mbits/sec [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 4.0- 5.0 sec 1.65 MBytes 13.8 Mbits/sec [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 5.0- 6.0 sec 1.79 MBytes 15.0 Mbits/sec [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 6.0- 7.0 sec 1.95 MBytes 16.3 Mbits/sec [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 7.0- 8.0 sec 1.98 MBytes 16.6 Mbits/sec [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 8.0- 9.0 sec 1.91 MBytes 16.0 Mbits/sec [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 9.0-10.0 sec 2.05 MBytes 17.2 Mbits/sec [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 0.0-10.0 sec 1.68 MBytes 14.0 Mbits/sec I guess HD is not the bottleneck here.

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