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• ASP.NET MVC Cookbook &ndash; public review

  - by Andrew Siemer - www.andrewsiemer.com

  I have recently started writing another book.  The topic of this book is ASP.NET MVC.  This book differs from my previous book in that rather than working towards building one project from end to end – this book will demonstrate specific topics from end to end.  It is a recipe book (hence the cookbook name) and will be part of the Packt Publishing cookbook series.  An example recipe in this book might be how to consume JSON, creating a master /details page, jquery modal popups, custom ActionResults, etc.  Basically anything recipe oriented around the topic of ASP.NET MVC might be acceptable.  If you are interested in helping out with the review process you can join the “ASP.NET MVC 2 Cookbook-review” group on Google here: http://groups.google.com/group/aspnet-mvc-2-cookbook-review Currently the suggested TOC for the project is listed.  Also, chapters 1, 2, and most of 8 are posted.  Chapter 5 should be available tonight or tomorrow. In addition to reporting any errors that you might find (much appreciated), I am very interested in hearing about recipes that you want included, expanded, or removed (as being redundant or overly simple).  Any input is appreciated!  Hearing user feedback after the book is complete is a little late in my opinion (unless it is positive feedback of course). Thank you!

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• SharePoint Designer 2010 Workflow Email Link To Item

  - by Brian Jackett

  In this post I’ll walk you through the process of sending an email that contains a link to the current item from a SharePoint Designer 2010 workflow.  This is a process that has been published on many other forums and blogs, but many that I have seen are more complex than seems necessary. Problem     A common request from SharePoint users is to get an email which contains a link to review/approve/edit the workflow item.  SharePoint list items contain an automatic property for Url Path, but unfortunately that Url is not properly formatted to retrieve the item if you include it directly on the message body.  I tried a few solutions suggested from other blogs or forums that took a substring of the Url Path property, concatenated the display form view Url, and mixed in some other strings.  While I was able to get this working in some scenarios I still had issues in general. Solution     My solution involved adding a hyperlink to the message body.  This ended up being far easier than I had expected and fairly intuitive once I found the correct property to use.  Follow these steps to see what I did.     First add a “Send an Email” action to your workflow.  Edit the action to pull up the email configuration dialog.  Click the “Add hyperlink” button seen below. When prompted for the address of the link click the fx button to perform a lookup.  Choose Workflow Context from the “data source” dropdown.  Choose Current Item URL from the “field from source” dropdown.  Click OK. Your Edit Hyperlink dialog should now look something like this. The end result will be a hyperlink added to your email pointing to the current workflow item.  Note: this link points to the non-modal dialog display form (display form similar to what you had in 2007). Conclusion     In this post I walked you through the steps to create a SharePoint Designer 2010 workflow with an email that contains a link to the current item.  While there are many other options for accomplishing this out on the web I found this to be a more concise process and easy to understand.  Hopefully you found this helpful as well.  Feel free to leave any comments or feedback if you’ve found other ways that were helpful to you.         -Frog Out

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• SSH not working over IPSec tunnel (Strongswan)

  - by PattPatel

  I configured a small network on a cloud virtual machine. This virtual machine has a static IP address assigned to eth0 interface that I'll call $EXTIP. mydomain.com points to $EXTIP. Inside, I have some linux containers, that get their ip through DHCP in the Subnet 10.0.0.0/24 (i called the virtual interface nat ). They run some services that can be reached through DNAT. Then I wanted to connect to these containers through an IPSec tunnel, so I configured StrongSwan. ipsec.conf: conn %default dpdaction=none rekey=no conn remote keyexchange=ikev2 ike=######## left=[$EXTIP] leftsubnet=10.0.1.0/24,10.0.0.0/24 leftauth=pubkey lefthostaccess=yes leftcert=########.pem leftfirewall=yes leftid="#########" right=%any rightsourceip=10.0.1.0/24 rightauth=######## rightid=%any rightsendcert=never eap_identity=%any auto=add type=tunnel Everything works fine, IPSec clients get IPs of the 10.0.1.0/24 subnet and can reach the containers subnet. My problem is that I'm not able to get SSH connections over the tunnel. It simply does not work, ssh client does not produce any output. Sniffing with tcpdump gives: tcpdump: 09:50:29.648206 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.0.1 tell mydomain.com, length 28 09:50:29.648246 ARP, Reply 10.0.0.1 is-at 00:ff:aa:00:00:01 (oui Unknown), length 28 09:50:29.648253 IP mydomain.com.54869 > 10.0.0.1.ssh: Flags [S], seq 4007849772, win 29200, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 1151153 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0 09:50:29.648296 IP 10.0.0.1.ssh > 10.0.1.2.54869: Flags [S.], seq 2809522632, ack 4007849773, win 14480, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 11482992 ecr 1151153,nop,wscale 6], length 0 09:50:29.677225 IP mydomain.com.54869 > 10.0.0.1.ssh: Flags [.], ack 2809522633, win 229, options [nop,nop,TS val 1151162 ecr 11482992], length 0 09:50:29.679370 IP mydomain.com.54869 > 10.0.0.1.ssh: Flags [P.], seq 0:23, ack 1, win 229, options [nop,nop,TS val 1151162 ecr 11482992], length 23 09:50:29.679403 IP 10.0.0.1.ssh > 10.0.1.2.54869: Flags [.], ack 24, win 227, options [nop,nop,TS val 11483002 ecr 1151162], length 0 09:50:29.684337 IP 10.0.0.1.ssh > 10.0.1.2.54869: Flags [P.], seq 1:32, ack 24, win 227, options [nop,nop,TS val 11483003 ecr 1151162], length 31 09:50:29.685471 IP 10.0.0.1.ssh > 10.0.1.2.54869: Flags [.], seq 32:1480, ack 24, win 227, options [nop,nop,TS val 11483003 ecr 1151162], length 1448 09:50:29.685519 IP mydomain.com > 10.0.0.1: ICMP mydomain.com unreachable - need to frag (mtu 1422), length 556 09:50:29.685567 IP 10.0.0.1.ssh > 10.0.1.2.54869: Flags [.], seq 32:1402, ack 24, win 227, options [nop,nop,TS val 11483003 ecr 1151162], length 1370 09:50:29.685572 IP 10.0.0.1.ssh > 10.0.1.2.54869: Flags [.], seq 1402:1480, ack 24, win 227, options [nop,nop,TS val 11483003 ecr 1151162], length 78 09:50:29.714601 IP mydomain.com.54869 > 10.0.0.1.ssh: Flags [.], ack 32, win 229, options [nop,nop,TS val 1151173 ecr 11483003], length 0 09:50:29.714642 IP 10.0.0.1.ssh > 10.0.1.2.54869: Flags [P.], seq 1480:1600, ack 24, win 227, options [nop,nop,TS val 11483012 ecr 1151173], length 120 09:50:29.723649 IP mydomain.com.54869 > 10.0.0.1.ssh: Flags [P.], seq 1393:1959, ack 32, win 229, options [nop,nop,TS val 1151174 ecr 11483003], length 566 09:50:29.723677 IP 10.0.0.1.ssh > 10.0.1.2.54869: Flags [.], ack 24, win 227, options [nop,nop,TS val 11483015 ecr 1151173,nop,nop,sack 1 {1394:1960}], length 0 09:50:29.725688 IP mydomain.com.54869 > 10.0.0.1.ssh: Flags [.], ack 1480, win 251, options [nop,nop,TS val 1151177 ecr 11483003], length 0 09:50:29.952394 IP 10.0.0.1.ssh > 10.0.1.2.54869: Flags [P.], seq 1480:1600, ack 24, win 227, options [nop,nop,TS val 11483084 ecr 1151173,nop,nop,sack 1 {1394:1960}], length 120 09:50:29.981056 IP mydomain.com.54869 > 10.0.0.1.ssh: Flags [.], ack 1600, win 251, options [nop,nop,TS val 1151253 ecr 11483084,nop,nop,sack 1 {1480:1600}], length 0 If you need it this is my iptables configuration file: iptables: *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [144:9669] :FORWARD DROP [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [97:15649] :interfacce-trusted - [0:0] :porte-trusted - [0:0] -A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -j interfacce-trusted -A FORWARD -j porte-trusted -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-unreachable -A FORWARD -d 10.0.0.1/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -m state --state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -d 10.0.0.1/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 443 -m state --state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -d 10.0.0.3/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 1234 -m state --state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A interfacce-trusted -i nat -j ACCEPT -A porte-trusted -d 10.0.0.1/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A porte-trusted -d 10.0.0.1/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT -A porte-trusted -d 10.0.0.3/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 1234 -j ACCEPT COMMIT *nat :PREROUTING ACCEPT [10:600] :INPUT ACCEPT [10:600] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [4:268] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [18:1108] -A PREROUTING -d [$EXTIP] -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.1:80 -A PREROUTING -d [$EXTIP] -p tcp -m tcp --dport 443 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.1:443 -A PREROUTING -d [$EXTIP] -p tcp -m tcp --dport 8069 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.3:1234 -A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.0.0/24 -o eth0 -m policy --dir out --pol ipsec -j ACCEPT -A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.1.0/24 -o nat -j MASQUERADE -A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE COMMIT Probably I'm missing something stupid... Thanks in advance for helping :))

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• Cannot copy MP3 files from a CD

  - by MountainX

  I purchased a set of spoken word audio CD's that have MP3 and FLAC audio files; I think they also play as regular audio CD's because I see a CDA directory and .cda files. But I'm only interested in playing the MP3 files by copying them to my phone. Dolphin file manager shows all the files on the CD. However, it will not copy any of them to my hard drive, which is what my goal is. Dolphin shows no error, but the copy progress is zero. Amarok will play the files but not easily. I only tried the flac files. To play a file, I click the file in Dolphin, then I have to cancel a job using KDE's notification system, then Amarok proceeds to copy the file to a tmp directory which takes a long time, then it finally plays. kb3 will rip the audio, but I would prefer to copy the files directly from the CD. Since Dolphin would not copy the files, I thought I would try the terminal, but I can't get that to work either. mount -t auto -o ro /dev/sr0 /mnt/temp that gives the error: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock, etc. I get the same error using -t iso9660 and -t udf. so I started troubleshooting: ~$ wodim --devices wodim: Overview of accessible drives (1 found) : ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 dev='/dev/sg1' rwrw-- : 'MATSHITA' 'DVD-RAM UJ8A0AS' ------------------------------------------------------------------------- /dev/sg1 is not a block device sudo file -s /dev/sr0 ERROR: cannot read /dev/sr0 (input/output error) sudo file -s /dev/sg1 just hangs How can I copy these files to my computer hard disk?

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• Collision Resolution

  - by ultifinitus

  Hey all, I'm making a simple side-scrolling game, and I would appreciate some input! My collision detection system is a simple bounding box detection, so it's really easy to implement. However my collision resolution is ridiculous! Currently I have a little formula like this: if (colliding(firstObject,secondObject)) firstObject.resolve_collision(yAxisOffset); if (colliding(firstObject,secondObject)) firstObject.resolve_collision(xAxisOffset); where yAxisOffset is only set if the first object's previous y position was outside the second object's collision frame, respectively xAxisOffset as well. Now this is working great, in general. However there is a single problem. When I have a stack of objects and I push the first object against that stack, the first object get's "stuck," on the stack. What's I think is happening is the object's collision system checks and resolves for collisions based on creation time, so If I check one axis, then the other, the object will "sink" object directly along the checking axis. This sinking action causes the collision detection routine to think there's a gap between our position and the other object's position, and when I finally check the object that I've already sunk into, my object's position is resolved to it's original position... All this is great, and I'm sure if I bang my head against a wall long enough i'll come up with a working algorithm, but I'd rather not =). So what in the heck do you think I should do? How could I change my collision resolution system to fix this? Here's the program (temporary link, not sure how long it'll last) (notes: arrow keys to navigate, click to drop block, x to jump) I'd appreciate any help you can offer!

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• SQL Azure and Trust Services

  - by BuckWoody

  Microsoft is working on a new Windows Azure service called “Trust Services”. Trust Services takes a certificate you upload and uses it to encrypt and decrypt sensitive data in the cloud. Of course, like any security service, there’s a bit more to it than that. I’ll give you a quick overview of how you can use this product to protect data you send to SQL Azure. The primary issue with storing data in the cloud is that you are in an environment that isn’t under your control – in fact, that’s the benefit of being in a distributed computing environment in the first place. On premises you’re able to encrypt data you don’t want anyone else to see, using various methods such as passwords (not very strong) or certificates (stronger). When you use a certificate, it’s vital that you create (or procure) and protect it yourself. When you store data remotely, regardless of IaaS, PaaS or SaaS, you don’t own the machines where the data lives. That means if you use a certificate from the cloud vendor to encrypt the data, you have to trust that the data won’t be accessed by the vendor. In some cases having a signed agreement with the vendor that they won’t access your data is sufficient, in other cases that doesn’t meet the requirements your system has for security. With the new Trust Services service, the basic process is that you use a Portal to create a Trust Server using policies and other controls. You place a X.509 Certificate you create or procure in that server. Using the Software development Kit (SDK), the developer has access to an Application Layer Encryption Framework to set fields of data they want to encrypt. From there, the data can be stored in SQL Azure as a standard field – only it is encrypted before it ever arrives. The portion of the client software that decrypts the data uses the same service, so the authenticated user sees the data if they are allowed to do so. The data remains encrypted “at rest”.  You can learn more about this product and check it out in the SQL Azure labs at Microsoft Codename "Trust Services"

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• What are the maths behind 'Raiden 2' purple laser?

  - by Aybe

  The path of the laser is affected by user input and enemies present on the screen. Here is a video, at 5:00 minutes the laser in question is shown : Raiden II (PS) - 1 Loop Clear - Part 2 UPDATE Here is a test using Inkscape, ship is at bottom, the first 4 enemies are targeted by the plasma. There seems to be a sort of pattern. I moved the ship first, then the handle from it to form a 45° angle, then while trying to fit the curve I found a pattern of parallel handles and continued so until I reached the last enemy. Update, 5/26/2012 : I started an XNA project using beziers, there is still some work needed, will update the question next week. Stay tuned ! Update : 5/30/2012 : It really seems that they are using Bézier curves, I think I will be able to replicate/imitate a plasma of such grade. There are two new topics I discovered since last time : Arc length, Runge's phenomenon, first one should help in having a linear movement possible over a Bézier curve, second should help in optimizing the number of vertices. Next time I will put a video so you can see the progress 8-)

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• Algorithm to shift the car

  - by Simran kaur

  I have a track that can be divided into n number of tracks and a car as GamObject. The track has transforms such that some part of the track's width lies in negative x axis and other in positive. Requirement: One move should cross one track. On every move(left or right), I want the car to reach exact centre of the next track on either sides i.e left or right. My code: Problem: : Because of negative values , somewhere I am missing out something that is making car move not in desirable positions and that's because of negative values only. variable tracks is the number of tracks the whole track is divided in. variable dist is the total width of the complete track. On left movement: if (Input.GetKeyDown (KeyCode.LeftArrow)) { if (this.transform.position.x < r.renderer.bounds.min.x + box.size.x) { this.transform.position = new Vector3 (r.renderer.bounds.min.x + Mathf.FloorToInt(box.size.x), this.transform.position.y, this.transform.position.z); } else { int tracknumber = Mathf.RoundToInt(dist - transform.position.x)/tracks; float averagedistance = (tracknumber*(dist/tracks) + (tracknumber-1)*(dist/tracks))/2; if(transform.position.x > averagedistoftracks) { amountofmovement = amountofmovement + (transform.position.x - averagedistance); } else { amountofmovement = amountofmovement - (averagedistance - transform.position.x); } this.transform.position = new Vector3 (this.transform.position.x - amountofmovement, this.transform.position.y, this.transform.position.z); } }

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• The best way to structure/design game code

  - by Edward

  My question is quite broad and related to the 2D game code design/architecture/structure. Usually the main game consists of the main loop where you update & render your world states. However, it's recommended for many purposes to separate rendering from the game-logic and so on. I am kinda confused about the whole situation. Many game engines/libs/sdks don't follow separation schema. They propagate a way where you define some scenes/stages and they contain some objects and the scene/stage controls the user input and so on. For example, in cocos2d(-x) and libgdx (stage2d) the games are usually done the way that the update logic happens at the same time/place as rendering. Also, the propagated way is to have a structure where an object knows how to draw itself - which is not a separation of updating & rendering. The same with Flash based games, they are usually done the way when an object (class) contains a swf or a texture and some data and holds some update logic itself, or updated from main Scene. And again this object already knows how to draw itself via "addChild". Also, some people recommend to use MVC pattern, which will require to completely obey the structure of those engines/libs/sdks. Maybe I am overthinking everything, but I am totally confused. I would be grateful if somebody could point me to a correct direction with the game code structures. What is your way of doing things in libgdx/cocos2d/flash?

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• Blur gets displaced compared to original image

  - by user1294203

  I have implemented a SSAO and I'm using a blur step to smooth it out. The problem is that the blurred texture is slightly displaced compared to the original. I'm blurring using a 4x4 kernel since that was my noise kernel in SSAO. The following is the blurring shader: float result = 0.0; for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++){ for(int j = 0; j < 4; j++){ vec2 offset = vec2(TEXEL_SIZE.x * i, TEXEL_SIZE.y * j); result += texture(aoSampler, TexCoord + offset).r; } } out_AO = vec4(vec3(0.0), result * 0.0625); Where TEXEL_SIZE is one over my window resolution. I was thinking that this is was an error based on how OpenGL counts the Texel center, so I tried displacing the texture coordinate I was using by 0.5 * TEXEL_SIZE, but there was still a slight displacement. The texture input to my blur shader, has wrap parameters: glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP); When I tell the blur shader to just output the the value of the pixel, the result is not displaced, so it must have something to do with how neighboring pixels are sampled. Any thoughts?

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• Redirect output of Python program to /dev/null

  - by STM

  I have a Python executable, written and compiled by somebody else, that I simply need to run once halfway down my own bash script. The program uses a text-based UI, therefore waits for input before proceeding, but the key operations it performs when starting are required in my bash script. A messy (and strange) procedure I know, but unfortunately I haven't got any other options. I've gotten around forcefully closing the program with a kill signal, but the program's TUI insists on outputting to wherever it's run. I've tried redirecting both stdout and stderr to /dev/null and running the program in the background by suffixing an ampersand, but simply can't get it to play ball. I believe the cause is the program spawns other processes, and the output redirection of the parent process doesn't affect them. Is there any trick I can utilise to redirect all output from child processes too?

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• How can I make an actual compact cassette "tape" mix-tape from iTunes?

  - by MikeN

  I want to make an actual compact cassette mix-tape as a gift for someone. I use iTunes to manage all of my music. So a few questions: If I gather a bunch of songs on a playlist for sides A/B of the tape, how can I ensure that the volume for all songs is the same as it plays on the tape? I was thinking of finding an old compact casette recorder and putting the single line sterio output of my Mac to the casette's microphone input. Is that a good way to record onto the actual tape? How long is each side of a compact tape? Is there a default speed the tape plays at? Let's say I want to mesh some songs together so that they will completely fill up one side of a tape (cut off 10 seconds off the end of one song or the beginning of another song), what's the best way to do that?

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• Content Based Routing with BRE and ESB

  - by Christopher House

  I've been working with BizTalk 2009 and the ESB toolkit for the past couple of days.  This is actually my first exposure to ESB and so far I'm pleased with how easy it is to work with. Initially we had planned to use UDDI for storing endpoint information.  However after discussing this with my client, we opted to look at BRE instead of UDDI since we're already storing transforms in BRE.  Fortunately making the change to BRE from UDDI was quite simple.  This solution of course has the added advantage of not needing to go through the convoluted process of registering our endpoints in UDDI. The first thing to remember if you want to do content based routing with BRE and ESB is that the pipleines included in the ESB toolkit don't include disassembler components.  This means that you'll need to first create a custom recieve pipeline with the necessary disassembler for your message type as well as the ESB components, itinerary selector and dispather. Next you need to create a BRE policy.  The ESB.ContextInfo vocabulary contains vocabulary links for the various items in the ESB context dictionary.  In this vocabulary, you'll find an item called Context Message Type, use this as the left hand side of your condition.  Set the right hand side to your message type, something like http://your.message.namespace/#yourrootelement.  Now find the ESB.EndPointInfo vocabulary.  This contains links to all the properties related to endpoint information.  Use the various set operators in your rule's action to configure your endpoint. In the example above, I'm using the WCF-SQL adapter. Now that the hard work is out of the way, you just need to configure the resolver in your itinerary. Nothing complicated here.  Just select BRE as your resolver implementation and select your policy from the drop-down list.  Note that when you select a policy, the Version field will be automatically filled in with the version of your policy.  If you leave this as-is, the resolver will always use that policy version.  Alternatively, you can clear the version number and the resolver will use the highest deployed version.

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• Is the development of CLI apps considered "backward"?

  - by user61852

  I am a DBA fledgling with a lot of experience in programming. I have developed several CLI, non interactive apps that solve some daily repetitive tasks or eliminate the human error from more complex albeit not so daily tasks. These tools are now part of our tool box. I find CLI apps are great because you can include them in an automated workflow. Also the Unix philosophy of doing a single thing but doing it well, and letting the output of a process be the input of another, is a great way of building a set of tools than would consolidate into an strategic advantage. My boss recently commented that developing CLI tools is "backward", or constitutes a "regression". I told him I disagreed, because most CLI tools that exist now are not legacy but are live projects with improved versions being released all the time. Is this kind of development considered "backwards" in the market? Does it look bad on a rèsumè? I also considered all solutions whether they are web or desktop, should have command line, non-interactive options. Some people consider this a waste of programming resources. Is this goal a worthy one in a software project?

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• Today I talk about you

  - by BuckWoody

  Some time back I posted a blog entry (mirrored here and here) asking you how you design databases. Out of those responses, my own experience, studies I read, and interviews I conducted, I collected a wealth of data. Thanks for your responses. So what am I going to do with that information? Well, all along I had planned for that to be used today. I am giving a presentation at an event called “TechReady” called “How Your Customers Design Databases”. This is a Microsoft-internal event, where technical professionals like myself, salespeople, and the product team get together to talk about what has been working, what doesn’t, what is coming and hopefully (fingers crossed here) what the product team can do to help us help the SQL Server community. I’ve mentioned before that I teach database design as part of a course I run at the University of Washington. I’m also planning to give a mini-lecture from that series at TechEd 2010, so if you’re coming stop by. I’d love to meet you. So today I talk about you – thanks for the input. I hope you and I can make a difference in the product. Might take a while, but it’s nice to know your voice is being heard. Share this post: email it! | bookmark it! | digg it! | reddit! | kick it! | live it!

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• Unity: parallel vectors and cross product, how to compare vectors

  - by Heisenbug

  I read this post explaining a method to understand if the angle between 2 given vectors and the normal to the plane described by them, is clockwise or anticlockwise: public static AngleDir GetAngleDirection(Vector3 beginDir, Vector3 endDir, Vector3 upDir) { Vector3 cross = Vector3.Cross(beginDir, endDir); float dot = Vector3.Dot(cross, upDir); if (dot > 0.0f) return AngleDir.CLOCK; else if (dot < 0.0f) return AngleDir.ANTICLOCK; return AngleDir.PARALLEL; } After having used it a little bit, I think it's wrong. If I supply the same vector as input (beginDir equal to endDir), the cross product is zero, but the dot product is a little bit more than zero. I think that to fix that I can simply check if the cross product is zero, means that the 2 vectors are parallel, but my code doesn't work. I tried the following solution: Vector3 cross = Vector3.Cross(beginDir, endDir); if (cross == Vector.zero) return AngleDir.PARALLEL; And it doesn't work because comparison between Vector.zero and cross is always different from zero (even if cross is actually [0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f]). I tried also this: Vector3 cross = Vector3.Cross(beginDir, endDir); if (cross.magnitude == 0.0f) return AngleDir.PARALLEL; it also fails because magnitude is slightly more than zero. So my question is: given 2 Vector3 in Unity, how to compare them? I need the elegant equivalent version of this: if (beginDir.x == endDir.x && beginDir.y == endDir.y && beginDir.z == endDir.z) return true;

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• Using INotifyPropertyChanged in background threads

  - by digitaldias

  Following up on a previous blog post where I exemplify databinding to objects, a reader was having some trouble with getting the UI to update. Here’s the rough UI: The idea is, when pressing Start, a background worker process starts ticking at the specified interval, then proceeds to increment the databound Elapsed value. The problem is that event propagation is limeted to current thread, meaning, you fire an event in one thread, then other threads of the same application will not catch it. The Code behind So, somewhere in my ViewModel, I have a corresponding bethod Start that initiates a background worker, for example: public void Start( ) { BackgroundWorker backgroundWorker = new BackgroundWorker( ); backgroundWorker.DoWork += IncrementTimerValue; backgroundWorker.RunWorkerAsync( ); } protected void IncrementTimerValue( object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e ) { do { if( this.ElapsedMs == 100 ) this.ElapsedMs = 0; else this.ElapsedMs++; }while( true ); } Assuming that there is a property: public int ElapsedMs { get { return _elapsedMs; } set { if( _elapsedMs == value ) return; _elapsedMs = value; NotifyThatPropertyChanged( "ElapsedMs" ); } } The above code will not work. If you step into this code in debug, you will find that INotifyPropertyChanged is called, but it does so in a different thread, and thus the UI never catches it, and does not update. One solution Knowing that the background thread updates the ElapsedMs member gives me a chance to activate BackgroundWorker class’ progress reporting mechanism to simply alert the main thread that something has happened, and that it is probably a good idea to refresh the ElapsedMs binding. public void Start( ) { BackgroundWorker backgroundWorker = new BackgroundWorker( ); backgroundWorker.DoWork += IncrementTimerValue; // Listen for progress report events backgroundWorker.WorkerReportsProgress = true; // Tell the UI that ElapsedMs needs to update backgroundWorker.RunWorkerCompleted += ( sender, e ) => { NotifyThatPropertyChanged( "ElapsedMs" ) }; backgroundWorker.RunWorkerAsync( ); } protected void IncrementTimerValue( object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e ) { do { if( this.ElapsedMs == 100 ) this.ElapsedMs = 0; else this.ElapsedMs++; // report any progress ( sender as BackgroundWorker ).ReportProgress( 0 ); }while( true ); } What happens above now is that I’ve used the BackgroundWorker cross thread mechanism to alert me of when it is ok for the UI to update it’s ElapsedMs field. Because the property itself is being updated in a different thread, I’m removing the NotifyThatPropertyChanged call from it’s Set method, and moving that responsability to the anonymous method that I created in the Start method. This is one way of solving the issue of having a background thread update your UI. I would be happy to hear of other cross-threading mechanisms for working in a MCP/MVC/MVVM pattern.

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• How or why would this mechanic (not) work to bring game balance to a singleplayer RPG? [closed]

  - by 0xFFF1

  Mechanic details The player, the monsters, and the merchants act as three separate parties. The player needs to beat up monsters for exp points and resources to sell and to buy potions from merchants to continue to fight. The monsters need healing and reviving to survive (also bought from merchants) and the merchants need potion ingredients from the player and the monsters to make potions to sell. These potions are only able to be processed in such bulk by merchants thus their potions would be cheaper than making them yourself. Only the monsters can farm ingredients in bulk. Only the player is or has to be overly aggressive (in bulk). Monsters can farm and produce "Level up candies" that do the work of exp. they are eaten right away after they are made and are never stockpiled or held for fear of the player and merchants who want to sell to the player. The monsters will defend themselves. Reviving is very expensive. The merchants can be found either with a concerned expression or a grinning expression based on how much profit they are making compared to their morale standing. The economies of each monster town and merchant city are distinct but interconnected. Magic Swords are worth a lot. So what I need to know is what concerns would there be to design a game around this mechanic and/or design this mechanic around a developing game. which would fare better? Is game balance an issue here? (how strong the monsters get or how quickly they die off based on the player's input into the system), Or is game balance solely in the hands of the player? (he decides if he overkills monsters or get underleveled.) What do I need to think about to make sure it isn't too easy or too hard to swing the amount/strength of monsters compared to the player and the amount of profit the merchants get vs the player. Would indicating how out of whack things are getting in game help with this?

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• Prevent audio recording applications from picking up non-microphone audio output

  - by hheimbuerger

  When talking to people over Mumble/Teamspeak/Ventrilo, I have a few who are broadcasting all of their audio output (e.g. music playing in the background, game sounds, etc.) whenever they are sending -- in addition to the microphone signal. I don't have this problem myself, so it's hard for me to troubleshoot remotely, but I'm interested in collecting solutions for this problem for Windows XP, Vista and 7, so that I can link them to this question. Links to other related SU questions are highly welcome as well, but I couldn't find any. Most people seem to try to either get microphone to feed back into the audio output or turn exactly that off, which is different from this problem. I'm talking about the opposite problem, the output being fed into the input.

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• mpd conflicting with other applications -- taking control of pulse?

  - by Jamie Schembri

  Simple explanation If mpd is playing and sound attempts to play through another application, x, sound from x will not be output. If sound from another application, x, is playing and mpd then attempts to play, no sound will be output from mpd whilst sound from x continues to play. Details I first noticed this problem with Flash, and this continues to be the most common scenario. I posted a question about this before realising it was not strictly Flash-related, but instead is something to do with mpd. My biggest frustration comes from trying to get mpd working again, as I can't seem to pin down any method. Sometimes pulseaudio -k seems to help, other times sudo /etc/init.d/mpd restart, others killing Chromium (due to Flash) with SIGTERM. Most of the time it's a combination of the above. I think this might be because I run mpd as another user and use pulseaudio. It is not run as root or current user. Also, mpd is compiled with pulse support. I have tried numerous things, however I honestly couldn't recite what, as it has been some time since. I'd rather not go poking around without some direction, but I'd be really happy to fix this problem once and for all. mpd.conf Simplified by removing comments/blank lines. music_directory "/var/lib/mpd/music" playlist_directory "/var/lib/mpd/playlists" db_file "/var/lib/mpd/tag_cache" log_file "/var/log/mpd/mpd.log" pid_file "/var/run/mpd/pid" state_file "/var/lib/mpd/state" user "mpd" bind_to_address "wilson" input { plugin "curl" } audio_output { type "pulse" name "My Pulse Output" } filesystem_charset "UTF-8" id3v1_encoding "UTF-8" Question For the sake of keeping this a question: does anyone know what is causing this, or how to fix it?

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• What is the fastest way to reload history commands begin with certain characters in linux?

  - by gerry

  In Dos we can input the first several characters to filter command history and find proper one rapidly. But how to do the same thing in Linux ? for example when I am testing a local server: cd sudo /etc/init.d/vsftpd start wget ... ls emacs ... sudo /etc/init.d/vsftpd restart sudo /etc/init.d/vsftpd stop ... In Dos you can easily type sudo and switch among the three commands beginning with it using arrow keys. But in Linux, is below command the best we can do ? historty | grep sudo I don't like it, because history can easily become a mess, and it also need mouse action.

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• How to join two collections with LINQ

  - by JustinGreenwood

  Here is a simple and complete example of how to perform joins on two collections with LINQ. I wrote it for a friend to show him, in one simple file, the power of LINQ queries and anonymous objects. In the file below, there are two simple data classes defined: Person and Item. In the beginning of the main method, two collections are created. Note that the Item's OwnerId field reference the PersonId of a Person object. The effect of the LINQ query below is equivalent to a SQL statement looking like this: select Person.PersonName as OwnerName, Item.ItemName as OwnedItem from Person inner join Item on Item.OwnerId = Person.PersonId order by Item.ItemName desc; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; namespace LinqJoinAnonymousObjects { class Program { class Person { public int PersonId { get; set; } public string PersonName { get; set; } } class Item { public string ItemName { get; set; } public int OwnerId { get; set; } } static void Main(string[] args) { // Create two collections: one of people, and another with their possessions. var people = new List<Person> { new Person { PersonId=1, PersonName="Justin" }, new Person { PersonId=2, PersonName="Arthur" }, new Person { PersonId=3, PersonName="Bob" } }; var items = new List<Item> { new Item { OwnerId=1, ItemName="Armor" }, new Item { OwnerId=1, ItemName="Book" }, new Item { OwnerId=2, ItemName="Chain Mail" }, new Item { OwnerId=2, ItemName="Excalibur" }, new Item { OwnerId=3, ItemName="Bubbles" }, new Item { OwnerId=3, ItemName="Gold" } }; // Create a new, anonymous composite result for person id=2. var compositeResult = from p in people join i in items on p.PersonId equals i.OwnerId where p.PersonId == 2 orderby i.ItemName descending select new { OwnerName = p.PersonName, OwnedItem = i.ItemName }; // The query doesn't evaluate until you iterate through the query or convert it to a list Console.WriteLine("[" + compositeResult.GetType().Name + "]"); // Convert to a list and loop through it. var compositeList = compositeResult.ToList(); Console.WriteLine("[" + compositeList.GetType().Name + "]"); foreach (var o in compositeList) { Console.WriteLine("\t[" + o.GetType().Name + "] " + o.OwnerName + " - " + o.OwnedItem); } Console.ReadKey(); } } } The output of the program is below: [WhereSelectEnumerableIterator`2] [List`1] [<>f__AnonymousType1`2] Arthur - Excalibur [<>f__AnonymousType1`2] Arthur - Chain Mail

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• Fuzzing for Security

  - by Sylvain Duloutre

  Yesterday, I attended an internal workshop about ethical hacking. Hacking skills like fuzzing can be used to quantitatively assess and measure security threats in software.  Fuzzing is a software testing technique used to discover coding errors and security loopholes in software, operating systems or networks by injecting massive amounts of random data, called fuzz, to the system in an attempt to make it crash. If the program contains a vulnerability that can leads to an exception, crash or server error (in the case of web apps), it can be determined that a vulnerability has been discovered.A fuzzer is a program that generates and injects random (and in general faulty) input to an application. Its main purpose is to make things easier and automated.There are typically two methods for producing fuzz data that is sent to a target, Generation or Mutation. Generational fuzzers are capable of building the data being sent based on a data model provided by the fuzzer creator. Sometimes this is simple and dumb as sending random bytes, swapping bytes or much smarter by knowing good values and combining them in interesting ways.Mutation on the other hand starts out with a known good "template" which is then modified. However, nothing that is not present in the "template" or "seed" will be produced.Generally fuzzers are good at finding buffer overflow, DoS, SQL Injection, Format String bugs etc. They do a poor job at finding vulnerabilites related to information disclosure, encryption flaws and any other vulnerability that does not cause the program to crash.  Fuzzing is simple and offers a high benefit-to-cost ratio but does not replace other proven testing techniques.What is your computer doing over the week-end ?

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• Using wget to download pdf files from a site that requires cookies to be set

  - by matt74tm

  I want to access a newspaper site and then download their epaper copies (in PDF). The site requires me to login using my email address and password and then it permits me to access those PDF URLs. I'm having trouble 'setting my session' in wget. When I login into the site from my browser, it sets two cookie values: [email protected] Password=12345 I tried: wget --post-data "[email protected]&Password=12345" http://epaper.abc.com/login.aspx However, that just downloaded the login page and saved it locally The FORM on the login page has two fields: txtUserID txtPassword and radiobuttons like this: <input id="rbtnManchester" type="radio" checked="checked" name="txtpub" value="44"> Another button: <input id="rbtnLondon" type="radio" name="txtpub" value="64"> If I post this to the login.aspx page, I get the same output wget --post-data "[email protected]&txtPassword=12345&txtpub=44" http://epaper.abc.com/login.aspx If I do: --save-cookies abc_cookies.txt it doesnt seem to have anything other than the default content. For the last if I do --debug as well it says: ... Set-Cookie: ASP.NET_SessionId=05kphcn4hjmblq45qgnjoe41; path=/; HttpOnly ... Stored cookie epaper.abc.com -1 (ANY) / <session> <insecure> [expiry none] ASP.NET_SessionId 05kphcn4hjmblq45qgnjoe41 Length: 107253 (105K) [text/html] Saving to: `login.aspx' ... Saving cookies to abc_cookies.txt. However, abc_cookies.txt shows ONLY the following: # HTTP cookie file. # Generated by Wget on 2011-08-16 08:03:05. # Edit at your own risk. (Not sure why I'm not getting any responses on SO - perhaps SU is a better forum - http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7064171/using-wget-to-download-pdf-files-from-a-site-that-requires-cookies-to-be-set) EDIT 1 C:\Temp>wget --cookies=on --keep-session-cookies --save-cookies abc_cookies.txt --post-data "txtUserID=abc%40gmail.com&txtPassword=password&txtpub=44&chkbox=checkbox&submit.x=48&submit.y=7" http://epaper.abc.com/login.aspx --debug SYSTEM_WGETRC = c:/progra~1/wget/etc/wgetrc syswgetrc = C:\Program Files (x86)\GnuWin32/etc/wgetrc DEBUG output created by Wget 1.11.4 on Windows-MinGW. --2011-08-18 08:15:59-- http://epaper.abc.com/login.aspx Resolving epaper.abc.com... seconds 0.00, 999.999.99.99 Caching epaper.abc.com => 999.999.99.99 Connecting to epaper.abc.com|999.999.99.99|:80... seconds 0.00, connected. Created socket 300. Releasing 0x00a2ae80 (new refcount 1). ---request begin--- POST /login.aspx HTTP/1.0 User-Agent: Wget/1.11.4 Accept: */* Host: epaper.abc.com Connection: Keep-Alive Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Content-Length: 100 ---request end--- [POST data: txtUserID=abc%40gmail.com&txtPassword=password&txtpub=44&chkbox=checkbox&submit.x=48&submit.y=7] HTTP request sent, awaiting response... ---response begin--- HTTP/1.1 200 OK Connection: keep-alive Date: Thu, 18 Aug 2011 02:46:17 GMT Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0 X-Powered-By: ASP.NET X-AspNet-Version: 2.0.50727 Set-Cookie: ASP.NET_SessionId=owcrje55yl45kgmhn43gq145; path=/; HttpOnly Cache-Control: private Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Content-Length: 107253 ---response end--- 200 OK Registered socket 300 for persistent reuse. Stored cookie epaper.abc.com -1 (ANY) / <session> <insecure> [expiry none] ASP.NET_SessionId owcrje55yl45kgmhn43gq145 Length: 107253 (105K) [text/html] Saving to: `login.aspx.1' 100%[======================================================================================================================>] 107,253 24.9K/s in 4.2s 2011-08-18 08:16:05 (24.9 KB/s) - `login.aspx.1' saved [107253/107253] Saving cookies to abc_cookies.txt. Done saving cookies. C:\Temp>wget --referer=http://epaper.abc.com/login.aspx --cookies=on --load-cookies abc_cookies.txt --keep-session-cookies --save-cookies abc_cookies.txt http://epaper.abc.com/PagePrint/16_08_2011_001.pdf --debug SYSTEM_WGETRC = c:/progra~1/wget/etc/wgetrc syswgetrc = C:\Program Files (x86)\GnuWin32/etc/wgetrc DEBUG output created by Wget 1.11.4 on Windows-MinGW. Stored cookie epaper.abc.com -1 (ANY) / <session> <insecure> [expiry none] ASP.NET_SessionId owcrje55yl45kgmhn43gq145 --2011-08-18 08:16:12-- http://epaper.abc.com/PagePrint/16_08_2011_001.pdf Resolving epaper.abc.com... seconds 0.00, 999.999.99.99 Caching epaper.abc.com => 999.999.99.99 Connecting to epaper.abc.com|999.999.99.99|:80... seconds 0.00, connected. Created socket 300. Releasing 0x00598290 (new refcount 1). ---request begin--- GET /PagePrint/16_08_2011_001.pdf HTTP/1.0 Referer: http://epaper.abc.com/login.aspx User-Agent: Wget/1.11.4 Accept: */* Host: epaper.abc.com Connection: Keep-Alive Cookie: ASP.NET_SessionId=owcrje55yl45kgmhn43gq145 ---request end--- HTTP request sent, awaiting response... ---response begin--- HTTP/1.1 200 OK Connection: keep-alive Date: Thu, 18 Aug 2011 02:46:30 GMT Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0 X-Powered-By: ASP.NET X-AspNet-Version: 2.0.50727 content-disposition: attachement; filename=Default_logo.gif Cache-Control: private Content-Type: image/GIF Content-Length: 4568 ---response end--- 200 OK Registered socket 300 for persistent reuse. Length: 4568 (4.5K) [image/GIF] Saving to: `16_08_2011_001.pdf' 100%[======================================================================================================================>] 4,568 7.74K/s in 0.6s 2011-08-18 08:16:14 (7.74 KB/s) - `16_08_2011_001.pdf' saved [4568/4568] Saving cookies to abc_cookies.txt. Done saving cookies. Contents of abc_cookies.txt epaper.abc.com FALSE / FALSE 0 ASP.NET_SessionId owcrje55yl45kgmhn43gq145

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• Why unhandled exceptions are useful

  - by Simon Cooper

  It’s the bane of most programmers’ lives – an unhandled exception causes your application or webapp to crash, an ugly dialog gets displayed to the user, and they come complaining to you. Then, somehow, you need to figure out what went wrong. Hopefully, you’ve got a log file, or some other way of reporting unhandled exceptions (obligatory employer plug: SmartAssembly reports an application’s unhandled exceptions straight to you, along with the entire state of the stack and variables at that point). If not, you have to try and replicate it yourself, or do some psychic debugging to try and figure out what’s wrong. However, it’s good that the program crashed. Or, more precisely, it is correct behaviour. An unhandled exception in your application means that, somewhere in your code, there is an assumption that you made that is actually invalid. Coding assumptions Let me explain a bit more. Every method, every line of code you write, depends on implicit assumptions that you have made. Take this following simple method, that copies a collection to an array and includes an item if it isn’t in the collection already, using a supplied IEqualityComparer: public static T[] ToArrayWithItem( ICollection<T> coll, T obj, IEqualityComparer<T> comparer) { // check if the object is in collection already // using the supplied comparer foreach (var item in coll) { if (comparer.Equals(item, obj)) { // it's in the collection already // simply copy the collection to an array // and return it T[] array = new T[coll.Count]; coll.CopyTo(array, 0); return array; } } // not in the collection // copy coll to an array, and add obj to it // then return it T[] array = new T[coll.Count+1]; coll.CopyTo(array, 0); array[array.Length-1] = obj; return array; } What’s all the assumptions made by this fairly simple bit of code? coll is never null comparer is never null coll.CopyTo(array, 0) will copy all the items in the collection into the array, in the order defined for the collection, starting at the first item in the array. The enumerator for coll returns all the items in the collection, in the order defined for the collection comparer.Equals returns true if the items are equal (for whatever definition of ‘equal’ the comparer uses), false otherwise comparer.Equals, coll.CopyTo, and the coll enumerator will never throw an exception or hang for any possible input and any possible values of T coll will have less than 4 billion items in it (this is a built-in limit of the CLR) array won’t be more than 2GB, both on 32 and 64-bit systems, for any possible values of T (again, a limit of the CLR) There are no threads that will modify coll while this method is running and, more esoterically: The C# compiler will compile this code to IL according to the C# specification The CLR and JIT compiler will produce machine code to execute the IL on the user’s computer The computer will execute the machine code correctly That’s a lot of assumptions. Now, it could be that all these assumptions are valid for the situations this method is called. But if this does crash out with an exception, or crash later on, then that shows one of the assumptions has been invalidated somehow. An unhandled exception shows that your code is running in a situation which you did not anticipate, and there is something about how your code runs that you do not understand. Debugging the problem is the process of learning more about the new situation and how your code interacts with it. When you understand the problem, the solution is (usually) obvious. The solution may be a one-line fix, the rewrite of a method or class, or a large-scale refactoring of the codebase, but whatever it is, the fix for the crash will incorporate the new information you’ve gained about your own code, along with the modified assumptions. When code is running with an assumption or invariant it depended on broken, then the result is ‘undefined behaviour’. Anything can happen, up to and including formatting the entire disk or making the user’s computer sentient and start doing a good impression of Skynet. You might think that those can’t happen, but at Halting problem levels of generality, as soon as an assumption the code depended on is broken, the program can do anything. That is why it’s important to fail-fast and stop the program as soon as an invariant is broken, to minimise the damage that is done. What does this mean in practice? To start with, document and check your assumptions. As with most things, there is a level of judgement required. How you check and document your assumptions depends on how the code is used (that’s some more assumptions you’ve made), how likely it is a method will be passed invalid arguments or called in an invalid state, how likely it is the assumptions will be broken, how expensive it is to check the assumptions, and how bad things are likely to get if the assumptions are broken. Now, some assumptions you can assume unless proven otherwise. You can safely assume the C# compiler, CLR, and computer all run the method correctly, unless you have evidence of a compiler, CLR or processor bug. You can also assume that interface implementations work the way you expect them to; implementing an interface is more than simply declaring methods with certain signatures in your type. The behaviour of those methods, and how they work, is part of the interface contract as well. For example, for members of a public API, it is very important to document your assumptions and check your state before running the bulk of the method, throwing ArgumentException, ArgumentNullException, InvalidOperationException, or another exception type as appropriate if the input or state is wrong. For internal and private methods, it is less important. If a private method expects collection items in a certain order, then you don’t necessarily need to explicitly check it in code, but you can add comments or documentation specifying what state you expect the collection to be in at a certain point. That way, anyone debugging your code can immediately see what’s wrong if this does ever become an issue. You can also use DEBUG preprocessor blocks and Debug.Assert to document and check your assumptions without incurring a performance hit in release builds. On my coding soapbox… A few pet peeves of mine around assumptions. Firstly, catch-all try blocks: try { ... } catch { } A catch-all hides exceptions generated by broken assumptions, and lets the program carry on in an unknown state. Later, an exception is likely to be generated due to further broken assumptions due to the unknown state, causing difficulties when debugging as the catch-all has hidden the original problem. It’s much better to let the program crash straight away, so you know where the problem is. You should only use a catch-all if you are sure that any exception generated in the try block is safe to ignore. That’s a pretty big ask! Secondly, using as when you should be casting. Doing this: (obj as IFoo).Method(); or this: IFoo foo = obj as IFoo; ... foo.Method(); when you should be doing this: ((IFoo)obj).Method(); or this: IFoo foo = (IFoo)obj; ... foo.Method(); There’s an assumption here that obj will always implement IFoo. If it doesn’t, then by using as instead of a cast you’ve turned an obvious InvalidCastException at the point of the cast that will probably tell you what type obj actually is, into a non-obvious NullReferenceException at some later point that gives you no information at all. If you believe obj is always an IFoo, then say so in code! Let it fail-fast if not, then it’s far easier to figure out what’s wrong. Thirdly, document your assumptions. If an algorithm depends on a non-trivial relationship between several objects or variables, then say so. A single-line comment will do. Don’t leave it up to whoever’s debugging your code after you to figure it out. Conclusion It’s better to crash out and fail-fast when an assumption is broken. If it doesn’t, then there’s likely to be further crashes along the way that hide the original problem. Or, even worse, your program will be running in an undefined state, where anything can happen. Unhandled exceptions aren’t good per-se, but they give you some very useful information about your code that you didn’t know before. And that can only be a good thing.

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