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• Wi-Fi Stick with ZD1211 chip refuses to work on Ubuntu >8.10. No clue.

  - by Benjamin Maus

  I have a machine running Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic *x86_64*). Everything is running smooth so far, except for the Wi-Fi USB Stick. The same device worked perfectly in 8.10. The wireless device is a GW-US54GXS using the Zydas Zd1211 chipset. Dmesg output after plugging in: [ 196.303436] phy0: Selected rate control algorithm 'minstrel' [ 196.304209] zd1211rw 2-1:1.0: phy0 [ 196.304227] usbcore: registered new interface driver zd1211rw [ 196.334137] usb 2-1: firmware: requesting zd1211/zd1211b_ub [ 196.357463] usb 2-1: firmware: requesting zd1211/zd1211b_uphr [ 196.402643] zd1211rw 2-1:1.0: firmware version 4725 [ 196.442611] zd1211rw 2-1:1.0: zd1211b chip 2019:5303 v4810 high 00-90-cc AL2230_RF pa0 ---N- [ 196.463814] usb 2-1: firmware: requesting zd1211/zd1211b_ub [ 196.466823] usb 2-1: firmware: requesting zd1211/zd1211b_uphr Syslog output: Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem kernel: [ 196.303436] phy0: Selected rate control algorithm 'minstrel' Nov 5 11:20:24 kierkegaard NetworkManager: <info> Found radio killswitch rfkill0 (at /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb2/2-1/2-1:1.0/ieee80211/phy0/rfkill0) (driver <unknown>) Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem kernel: [ 196.304209] zd1211rw 2-1:1.0: phy0 Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem kernel: [ 196.304227] usbcore: registered new interface driver zd1211rw Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem NetworkManager: SCPlugin-Ifupdown: devices added (path: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb2/2-1/2-1:1.0/net/wmaster0, iface: wmaster0) Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem NetworkManager: SCPlugin-Ifupdown: device added (path: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb2/2-1/2-1:1.0/net/wmaster0, iface: wmaster0): no ifupdown configuration found. Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem NetworkManager: SCPlugin-Ifupdown: devices added (path: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb2/2-1/2-1:1.0/net/wlan0, iface: wlan0) Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem NetworkManager: SCPlugin-Ifupdown: device added (path: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb2/2-1/2-1:1.0/net/wlan0, iface: wlan0): no ifupdown configuration found. Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): driver supports SSID scans (scan_capa 0x01). Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): new 802.11 WiFi device (driver: 'zd1211rw') Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): exported as /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/2 Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): now managed Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): device state change: 1 -> 2 (reason 2) Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): bringing up device. Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem kernel: [ 196.334137] usb 2-1: firmware: requesting zd1211/zd1211b_ub Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem kernel: [ 196.357463] usb 2-1: firmware: requesting zd1211/zd1211b_uphr Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem kernel: [ 196.402643] zd1211rw 2-1:1.0: firmware version 4725 Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem kernel: [ 196.442611] zd1211rw 2-1:1.0: zd1211b chip 2019:5303 v4810 high 00-90-cc AL2230_RF pa0 ---N- Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem NetworkManager: <WARN> nm_device_hw_bring_up(): (wlan0): device not up after timeout! Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem NetworkManager: <info> (wlan0): deactivating device (reason: 2). Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem kernel: [ 196.463814] usb 2-1: firmware: requesting zd1211/zd1211b_ub Nov 5 11:20:24 somesystem kernel: [ 196.466823] usb 2-1: firmware: requesting zd1211/zd1211b_uphr Nov 5 11:20:29 somesystem wpa_supplicant[978]: Could not set interface 'wlan0' UP Nov 5 11:20:29 somesystem wpa_supplicant[978]: Failed to initialize driver interface Nov 5 11:20:29 somesystem NetworkManager: <WARN> nm_supplicant_interface_add_cb(): Unexpected supplicant error getting interface: wpa_supplicant couldn't grab this interface. Gnome tells me in the network menu that the device was "not ready". It appears in iwconfig but not in ifconfig. The same symptoms appear when I boot from the live CD. How can I solve this dilemma?

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• Hour-long shutdown duration "shutting down hyper-v virtual machine management service"

  - by icelava

  I have a Windows 2008 R2 server that is a Hyper-V host (Dell PowerEdge T300). Today for the first time I encountered an odd situation; i lost connection with one of the guest machines but logging on physically it seems the guest OS is still running but no longer contactable via the network. I tried to shut down the guest machine (Windows XP) but it would not shut down, getting stuck in a "Not responding" dialog box that cannot be dismissed. I used the Hyper-V management console to reset the machine and it could not get out of resetting state. I tried to save another Windows 2003 guest machine, and it would be progress with its Saving state (0%). The other running Windows 2003 guest was stuck in the logon dialog. My first suspicion is perhaps one of the Windows update patches this week (10 Nov 2011) may something to do with it, which was still pending a system restart. Well, since I could not do anything with Hyper-V i proceeded with the Windows Update restart, and now it is stuck half an hour at "Shutting down hyper-v virtual machine management service" Prior to restarting I did not observe any hard disk errors reported in the system event log; doubt it is a disk-related condition. Shall I force a hard reboot? UPDATE Ok so i left it hanging over an hour while attending to other matters, and thankfully the host cleanly restarted. I can operate the guest machines fine now. Phew. Hyper-V must have been crawling for some reason. The VMs have been observed to become slow in the past when the host has been up for a long duration (two weeks to a month), but never this slow. Would love to know what types of performance monitoring items i can observe to give a hint why this can happen. UPDATE 2012-02-13 In the months ever since, Hyper-V has stalled into this state another two times. It appears so randomly and without any error event logs to hint what is causing it enter this "drunkard" state. Just an Hyper-V management service timeout. Log Name: System Source: Service Control Manager Date: 13/2/2012 9:16:48 AM Event ID: 7043 Task Category: None Level: Error Keywords: Classic User: N/A Computer: elune Description: The Hyper-V Virtual Machine Management service did not shut down properly after receiving a preshutdown control. Event Xml: <Event xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/win/2004/08/events/event"> <System> <Provider Name="Service Control Manager" Guid="{555908d1-a6d7-4695-8e1e-26931d2012f4}" EventSourceName="Service Control Manager" /> <EventID Qualifiers="49152">7043</EventID> <Version>0</Version> <Level>2</Level> <Task>0</Task> <Opcode>0</Opcode> <Keywords>0x8080000000000000</Keywords> <TimeCreated SystemTime="2012-02-13T01:16:48.882901900Z" /> <EventRecordID>567844</EventRecordID> <Correlation /> <Execution ProcessID="764" ThreadID="8484" /> <Channel>System</Channel> <Computer>elune</Computer> <Security /> </System> <EventData> <Data Name="param1">Hyper-V Virtual Machine Management</Data> </EventData> </Event> The only means out of it is to restart the system.

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• Can't communicate between lan ports on openwrt router

  - by ScaryAardvark

  I've got a WBMR-HP-G300H Buffalo Airstation router on which I've installed the lates OpenWRT software. All is working well (ADSL, WIFI etc) except for one niggle. I can't communicate between lan ports. i.e. if I have one computer connected on lan port 1 and I try to ping another computer on lan port 2 then I get "destination unreachable". I can ping both computers from the router itself and can also ping each computer from a seperate laptop connected wirelessly. All computers are in the same subnet range (10.0.0.?/24). I suspect that I may need to configure a vlan on the switch but everytime I try and do this with various google'ed configuration I keep freezing out all lan-ports and I have to revert back using a wirelessly connected laptop. Here's my /etc/config/network: config interface 'loopback' option ifname 'lo' option proto 'static' option ipaddr '127.0.0.1' option netmask '255.0.0.0' config interface 'lan' option type 'bridge' option proto 'static' option netmask '255.255.255.0' option ipaddr '10.0.0.1' option _orig_ifname 'eth0 wlan0' option _orig_bridge 'true' option ifname 'eth0' config adsl-device 'adsl' option fwannex 'a' option annex 'a2p' config interface 'wan' option _orig_ifname 'nas0' option _orig_bridge 'false' option proto 'pppoa' option encaps 'vc' option atmdev '0' option vci '38' option vpi '0' option username '?????????????' option password '??????????????' Any help would be warmly received. Here's some more config stuff. root@OpenWrt:~# ifconfig -a br-lan Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:24:A5:BD:66:08 inet addr:10.0.0.1 Bcast:10.0.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:226576 errors:0 dropped:346 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:269292 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:26771676 (25.5 MiB) TX bytes:183986450 (175.4 MiB) eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:24:A5:BD:66:08 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) ifb0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 36:60:EC:DF:13:A1 BROADCAST NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:32 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) ifb1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 4A:7B:75:67:54:E0 BROADCAST NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:32 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:780 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:780 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:58369 (57.0 KiB) TX bytes:58369 (57.0 KiB) mon.wlan0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-24-A5-BD-66-08-00-48-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:2424 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:32 RX bytes:320188 (312.6 KiB) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) pppoa-wan Link encap:Point-to-Point Protocol inet addr:81.136.179.204 P-t-P:81.134.80.1 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:258894 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:212976 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:3 RX bytes:177341656 (169.1 MiB) TX bytes:25192459 (24.0 MiB) wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:24:A5:BD:66:08 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:204063 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:245516 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:32 RX bytes:26613140 (25.3 MiB) TX bytes:162799765 (155.2 MiB) root@OpenWrt:~# brctl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces br-lan 8000.0024a5bd6608 no wlan0 eth0 root@OpenWrt:~# swconfig dev eth0 show Global attributes: enable_vlan: 0 Port 0: pvid: 0 link: port:0 link:up speed:1000baseT full-duplex txflow rxflow Port 1: pvid: 0 link: port:1 link:down Port 2: pvid: 0 link: port:2 link:down Port 3: pvid: 0 link: port:3 link:down Port 4: pvid: 0 link: port:4 link:up speed:100baseT full-duplex txflow rxflow auto Port 5: pvid: 0 link: port:5 link:up speed:100baseT full-duplex txflow rxflow auto Regards Mark.

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• Why are USB 2.0 devices crashing my system?

  - by BenAlabaster

  Background on the machine I'm having a problem with: The machine was inherited and appears to be circa 2003 (there's a date stamp on the power supply which leads me to this conclusion). I've got it set up as a Skype terminal for my 2 year old to keep in touch with her grandparents and other members of the family - which everyone loves. It has a generic baby-ATX motherboard with no identifying markings. CPU-Z identifies the motherboard model as VT8601 but doesn't provide me with any manufacturer name. There's one stamp on the motherboard that says "Rev.B". On board it has 10/100 LAN, 2 x USB 1.0, VGA, PS/2 for KB and mouse, parallel port, 2 x serial ports, 2 x IDE, 1 x floppy, 2 x SDRAM slots, 1 x CPU housing that is seating a 1.3GHz Intel Celeron CPU, 3 x PCI, 1 x AGP - although you can only use 2 of the PCI slots if you use the AGP slot due to the physical layout of the board. It's got 768Mb PC133 SDRAM - 1 x 512Mb & 1 x 256Mb installed as well as a D-LINK WDA-2320 54G Wi-Fi network card and a generic USB 2.0 expansion board containing 3 x external + 1 x internal USB connectors. All this is sitting in a slimline case. I don't know the wattage of the PSU, but can post this later if this proves to be helpful. The motherboard is running a version of Award BIOS for which I don't have the version number to hand but can again post this later if it would be helpful. It has an 80Gb Western Digital hard drive freshly formatted and built with Windows XP Professional with Service Pack 3 and all current patches. In addition to Windows XP, the only other software it's running is Skype 4.1 (4.2 crashes the machine as soon as it starts up). It's got a Daytek MV150 15" touch screen running through the VGA and COM1 with the most current drivers from the Daytek website and the most current version of ELO-Touchsystems drivers for the touch component. The webcam is a Logitech Webcam C200 with the latest drivers from the Logitech website. The problem If I hook any USB 2.0 devices to this machine, it hangs the whole machine and I have to hard boot it to get it back up. Workarounds found I can plug the same devices into the on board USB 1.0 connectors and everything works fine, albeit at reduced performance. I've tried 3 different kinds of USB thumb drives, 3 different makes/models of webcams and my iPhone all with the same effect. They're recognized and don't hang the machine when I hook them to the USB 1.0 but if I hook them to the USB 2.0 ports, the machine hangs within a couple of seconds of recognizing the devices were connected. Attempted solutions I've tried disabling all the on board devices that I'm not using - such as the on board LAN, the second COM port, the AGP connector etc. through the BIOS in an (perhaps misguided or futile) attempt to reduce the power consumption... I don't think it had any effect but it didn't do any harm. I was wondering if the PSU wattage just isn't enough to drive the USB 2.0 devices; I've seen this suggested but haven't found any confirmation that this could really be an issue - nor have I found a way to work around this issue - if indeed it is one. Any ideas? The only thing I haven't done which I only just thought of while writing this essay is trying the USB 2.0 card in a different PCI slot, or re-ordering the wi-fi and USB cards in the slots... although I'm not sure if this will make any difference. I've installed the USB card in another machine and it works without issue, so it's not a problem with the USB card itself. Other thoughts Perhaps this is an incompatibility between the USB 2.0 card and the BIOS, would re-flashing the BIOS with a newer version help? Do I need to be able to identify the manufacturer of the motherboard in order to be able to find a BIOS edition specific for this motherboard or will any version of Award BIOS function in its place? Question Does anyone have any ideas that could help me get my USB 2.0 devices hooked up to this machine?

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• How to use a different Ethernet connection

  - by SteveC

  I'm running a virtual machine at home which has a VPN connection to our main office, but I also want to connect to a share on another machine at home. When I check with IPCONFIG I can see two ethernet connections ... my work VPN ... Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection* 11: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : xxxx::xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxxxxx IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.254.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX and home local ... Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : lan Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : xxxx::xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxxxxx IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.70 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : What's weird is when I've been working before with a plugged-in ethernet cable I've not had any problem getting to the share? I can PING the other machine, but I can't access the share at ... \\othermachine\c$ I tried 'TRACERT` but that disappears off to the work network and eventually gets back to the local other machine after a few time-outs Is there anyway to "force" the connection to stay local ? UPDATE: the VPN is AEP SSL Tunnel

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• Why does my computer run slowly and freeze sometimes?

  - by Brae

  EDIT I disabled sound in the BIOS, rebooted and it hung. I removed the (previously) faulty HDD, rebooted and it hung. I have managed to get my Realtek audio manager open again after its mysterious disappearance. Subsequently my microphone is now working again, to fix it I had to uninstall audio drivers, disable audio in BIOS, install audio drivers, enable audio in BIOS. Access via network (with faulty HDD in) seems to not be triggering hangs at the moment. I think with the sound problem fixed it might play a little nicer, but I think its still going to hang. If it does, then I'm fairly sure its been narrowed down to the mobo. EDIT Pretty convinced my motherboard is the culprit, because nothing else seems to have any obvious problems (bar the hard drive, which the PC still hangs without it being plugged in) So thank you all for helping, once I get more rep ill up a few of the answers. My PC is doing some weird things... Sometimes when I open up a program, lets say Adobe Photoshop, it will load everything normally, nice and quick no problems and I can use it fine. Other times its a little odd, and it loads the program as if it's only using half of the CPU. It's pretty obvious when it does it, normally the loading screen skims past, but when it does this weird load you see it slowly tick though each thing, and the program itself becomes incredibly slow. Even Google Chrome does it sometimes. Yet when I exit and reopen the program without doing anything else, it typically opens fine without lagging. I think this problem is probably a symptom of something bigger, because of other problems I'm having. Random hangs; no matter what I have open or what I'm doing. My PC will sort of freeze up for a few seconds. If music is playing it will either loop the last second or two, or it will buzz. This only lasts for a few seconds then it returns to normal without having to restart. During this time all programs lock up and freeze, and the mouse and keyboard are useless. I am also having a weird issue with my audio jacks, without touching my PC at all, sometimes I will see a popup saying that I have unplugged something or plugged something in, neither of which has actually happened. Pretty sure this is cause by the motherboard. I recently had a 'Pink Screen of Death' (yes pink) which pointed to my audio drivers. The lockups seem to happen with some consistency when someone is accessing my shared files via my home LAN. Which leads me to believe either one of my hard drives is acting up or more likely the controller. One of my drives had a bit of a crash before, I used Spinrite and managed to recover my stuff and now the drive appears to be working okay. This is possibly adding to the problems. My best guess is something has gone wrong with my motherboard, possibly a power issue or a chip has died, I really don't know. So what I would like to know is: Have I have missed some obvious diagnostic to help figure out what it is, or should I just bite the bullet and assume its my motherboard acting up and buy a new system? dxdiag[64-bit] - http://pastebin.com/G30kb2TL PSOD (minidump) - http://pastebin.com/aZsv0H56 HWiNFO64 (system info / specs) - http://pastebin.com/X6h3K8g6

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• iptables rule(s) to send openvpn traffic from clients over an sshuttle tunnel?

  - by Sam Martin

  I have an Ubuntu 12.04 box with OpenVPN. The VPN is working as expected -- clients can connect, browse the Web, etc. The OpenVPN server IP is 10.8.0.1 on tun0. On that same box, I can use sshuttle to tunnel into another network to access a Web server on 10.10.0.9. sshuttle does its magic using the following iptables commands: iptables -t nat -N sshuttle-12300 iptables -t nat -F sshuttle-12300 iptables -t nat -I OUTPUT 1 -j sshuttle-12300 iptables -t nat -I PREROUTING 1 -j sshuttle-12300 iptables -t nat -A sshuttle-12300 -j REDIRECT --dest 10.10.0.0/24 -p tcp --to-ports 12300 -m ttl ! --ttl 42 iptables -t nat -A sshuttle-12300 -j RETURN --dest 127.0.0.0/8 -p tcp Is it possible to forward traffic from OpenVPN clients over the sshuttle tunnel to the remote Web server? I'd ultimately like to be able to set up any complicated tunneling on the server, and have relatively "dumb" clients (iPad, etc.) be able to access the remote servers via OpenVPN. Below is a basic diagram of the scenario: [Edit: added output from the OpenVPN box] $ sudo iptables -nL -v -t nat Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 1498 packets, 252K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1512 253K sshuttle-12300 all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 322 packets, 58984 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 584 packets, 43241 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 587 43421 sshuttle-12300 all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 589 packets, 43595 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1175 76298 MASQUERADE all -- * eth0 10.8.0.0/24 0.0.0.0/0 Chain sshuttle-12300 (2 references) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 17 1076 REDIRECT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 10.10.0.0/24 TTL match TTL != 42 redir ports 12300 0 0 RETURN tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 127.0.0.0/8 $ sudo iptables -nL -v -t filter Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 97493 packets, 30M bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 131K 109M ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 1370 89160 ACCEPT all -- * * 10.8.0.0/24 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 REJECT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-port-unreachable [Edit 2: more OpenVPN server output] $ netstat -r Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface default 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.8.0.0 10.8.0.2 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 10.8.0.2 * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 192.168.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 [Edit 3: still more debug output] IP forwarding appears to be enabled correctly on the OpenVPN server: # find /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/ -name forwarding -ls -execdir cat {} \; 18926 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 5 13:31 /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/forwarding 1 18954 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 5 13:31 /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/default/forwarding 1 18978 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 5 13:31 /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/eth0/forwarding 1 19003 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 5 13:31 /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/forwarding 1 19028 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 5 13:31 /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/tun0/forwarding 1 Client routing table: $ netstat -r Routing tables Internet: Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire 0/1 10.8.0.5 UGSc 8 48 tun0 default 192.168.1.1 UGSc 2 1652 en1 10.8.0.1/32 10.8.0.5 UGSc 1 0 tun0 10.8.0.5 10.8.0.6 UHr 13 0 tun0 10.10.0/24 10.8.0.5 UGSc 0 0 tun0 <snip> Traceroute from client: $ traceroute 10.10.0.9 traceroute to 10.10.0.9 (10.10.0.9), 64 hops max, 52 byte packets 1 10.8.0.1 (10.8.0.1) 5.403 ms 1.173 ms 1.086 ms 2 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 4.693 ms 2.110 ms 1.990 ms 3 l100.my-verizon-garbage (client-ext-ip) 7.453 ms 7.089 ms 6.248 ms 4 * * * 5 10.10.0.9 (10.10.0.9) 14.915 ms !N * 6.620 ms !N

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• What NAS setup for syncing over the internet?

  - by Jamse

  I have family living a few hours away and have a lot of files that I would like to share - especially lots of folders of digital photos, but also documents etc. - partially so they can see them, partially so I can have access when I visit them and partially for backup / redundancy purposes. My current hard drives on my main machine are getting pretty full anyway, and I have a MythTV box where my music is currently stored, so I was thinking of getting a NAS anyway. And at the other end my family have a few computers, so they would probably benefit from a NAS too. My general idea (though I'm willing to shift on this if there are any bright ideas about other ways of achieving my objectives) is to get a matching pair of NASs and have them sync over the internet. (To cut down on bandwidth use I would get them in sync locally to start with.) Having read around as best I can it seems that syncing over the internet is generally only a feature on quite high end units. However, I have seen that QNAP seem to feature this on their TS-110 and TS-210 units, which might work (they call it "remote replication"). They seem pretty reasonably priced for what they are, but of course with buying 2 of them and then adding the drives (say 1TB or 2TB each) I'd be looking at about £400 total. So, I'm looking for recommendations really. I don't want to spend more than the QNAPs would cost me, but any other ideas would be most appreciated. I am comfortable with technology and tinkering around, but I don't have as much time for that as I would like, so I guess I would favour solutions that require less tinkering rather than more (even though that's less fun!). Any thoughts would be welcome, as would any comments from people who have used the QNAP boxes for this. Thanks in advance. Some specifications: Two-way syncing. Changes made at either end should be synced to the other. There shouldn't be one unit that is effectively a read-only mirror of the other. Not real time. The syncing doesn't need to be real time - if it updated, say, daily overnight that would be fine. Set and forget. I would prefer minimal user interaction once set up - it would be great if syncs were scheduled and automatic. OS independence. I am running Windows XP plus an Ubuntu-based MythTV box. At the other end there are Windows 7 and Windows XP machines, plus a networked TV set top box which I think can play files off the network. Machine independence. I would favour a system that is self-contained, i.e. not reliant on any particular PC being switched on. If the system had enough else going for it I could perhaps work around it at this end, where I only have one PC that's used as such, but it would be harder at the other where there are at least two PCs that might be accessing the files. Notifications. I guess things like getting an email notification if the syncing fell over for any reason would be useful, though it's not a deal breaker.

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• VMware vSphere cluster design for site redundancy

  - by Stefan Radovanovici

  I have a question about the best design for site redudancy when using vSphere clusters. A bit of background info about our situation first though. We are a medium-sized company with two main offices, located in different countries. Our networks are linked by a Layer2 150Mbps leased line which is currently underused. We have a variety of services running for internal use within the company, some on physycal servers and some on existing vSphere clusters. In our department we also run several services (almost all running under various forms of Linux) like NTP, Syslog, jump servers, monitoring servers and so on. We have now the requirement that those servers need to be redundant within each location (which they are not at the moment) and also site redudant (which they are to some extent, the servers are duplicated in the 2nd location with configurations kept in sync via various methods at the application layer). There is no SAN available for us, at least not something that we can use at the moment. Cost is also an issue. While we do have some budget available for this, we can't afford to buy SANs for both locations for example. I looked at the VSA feature and it seems that this could be something for us but I am unsure how to solve the site-redudancy requirement. At the moment for testing purposes I am setting up in a lab a vSphere 5 with VSA on two ESXi hosts. I am currently using the Essentials Plus kit with VSA license, which allows me to build a VSA cluster on up to 3 hosts, together with a vCenter license to manage them. The hosts each have two dual-port network cards and two 600GB drives, running in Raid1. Hardware-wise this will be enough for us to run the all the services we need as VMs and will provide redundandcy within the site. At the moment I see only two option to have site redundancy: build an identical VSA cluter in the second location and keep the various services sync'ed at application layer (database sync, rsync and so on). simply move one of the hosts from the existing cluster to the second location, basically having the VSA cluster span the 150Mbps link between the sites. I would very much prefer the second option but I am unsure how well it'll work, if it can work at all. Technically it should, we can span the needed VLANs across the leased line and have them available in the second location. The advantage would be that we don't need to worry at all about sync'ing databases and the like. But I have the feeling that the bandwidth will not be enough, I have no way of knowing how much traffic will the VSA cluster generate between the hosts. I realize that this will most likely depend on the individual usage of the VMs but still, I have no idea how VSA replicates data between the ESXi hosts. Are these my only options or can my goals be achieved in some other way ? Is there perhaps a way to have some sort of "cold stand by" cluster in the second location where the VMs would be sync'ed once per night from the main location ? The idea is that in case the first site becomes unavailable, we would be able to bring all those VMs online there. We would be ok with the data being 1 day old. Any answers are appreciated. Best regards, Stefan

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• Drupal & nginx : a sound "general purpose" configuration?

  - by sbrattla

  After a bit back and forth with configuring Drupal and nginx to work together, I've come up with the below configuration for a site. It works well, both with private and public file systems. However, as I am fairly new to nginx I'd like to hear if there is something with this configuration that I should change (for Please note! I'm aiming towards getting feedback on a general purpose Drupal configuration. That is, a configuration which others who are trying out Drupal + nginx can "copy paste" to get up and running. server { listen 80; server_name www.example.* example.*; access_log /home/example/www/logs/access.log; error_log /home/example/www/logs/error.log; root /home/example/www/public_html; # Site Icon location = /favicon.ico { log_not_found off; access_log off; } # Search Engines location = /robots.txt { allow all; log_not_found off; access_log off; } # Drush location = /backup { deny all; } # Very rarely should these ever be accessed from outside # the local network. location ~* \.(txt|log)$ { allow 10.0.0.0/8; allow 172.16.0.0/12; allow 192.168.0.0/16; deny all; } location ~ \..*/.*\.php$ { return 403; } # Default location location / { try_files $uri @rewrite; } # Files managed by Drupal will be served via PHP. location ~* /system/files/ { access_log off; try_files $uri @rewrite; } ## Images and static content is treated different location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico|xml)$ { access_log off; expires 30d; } # Some Drupal modules enforce no slash (/) at the end # of the URL. location @rewrite { rewrite_log on; rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php?q=$1; } # PHP5-FPM is used to handle PHP. location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(.*)$; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/example.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; fastcgi_ignore_client_abort off; fastcgi_connect_timeout 60; fastcgi_send_timeout 180; fastcgi_read_timeout 180; fastcgi_buffer_size 128k; fastcgi_buffers 4 256k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k; } ## Disable viewing .htaccess & .htpassword location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } }

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• Samba doesnt require password on xbmc but does on ubuntu

  - by Chris

  I have samba setup on a fedora 13 machine, and I use it to share with my xbmc client in the family room. When I set this up there no password or anything was required I merely entered in paths such as: smb://<host>/<share> and all worked. Now on my ubuntu 10.04 machine when I try to access the same hosts, for example through smbmount though I receive an error. smbmount //media/Music ~/Music/ # media is in my /etc/hosts and resolves to # correct IP address for the machine I receive error: operation not permitted after pressing enter when it prompts for password. Here is my entry from /etc/samba/smb.conf: [global] workgroup = WORKGROUP server string = Samba Server Version %v # log files split per-machine: log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m # maximum size of 50KB per log file, then rotate: max log size = 50 security = user passdb backend = tdbsam ; security = domain ; passdb backend = tdbsam ; realm = MY_REALM ; password server = <NT-Server-Name> ; security = user ; passdb backend = tdbsam ; domain master = yes ; domain logons = yes ; logon script = %m.bat ; logon script = %u.bat ; logon path = \\%L\Profiles\%u ; logon path = ; add user script = /usr/sbin/useradd "%u" -n -g users ; add group script = /usr/sbin/groupadd "%g" ; add machine script = /usr/sbin/useradd -n -c "Workstation (%u)" -M -d /nohome -s /bin/false "%u" ; delete user script = /usr/sbin/userdel "%u" ; delete user from group script = /usr/sbin/userdel "%u" "%g" ; delete group script = /usr/sbin/groupdel "%g" ; local master = no ; os level = 33 ; preferred master = yes ; wins support = yes ; wins server = w.x.y.z ; wins proxy = yes ; dns proxy = yes load printers = yes cups options = raw ; printcap name = /etc/printcap # obtain a list of printers automatically on UNIX System V systems: ; printcap name = lpstat ; printing = cups ; map archive = no ; map hidden = no ; map read only = no ; map system = no ; store dos attributes = yes #============================ Share Definitions ============================== [homes] comment = Home Directories browseable = no writable = yes ; valid users = %S ; valid users = MYDOMAIN\%S # Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons: ; [netlogon] ; comment = Network Logon Service ; path = /var/lib/samba/netlogon ; guest ok = yes ; writable = no ; share modes = no # Un-comment the following to provide a specific roving profile share. # The default is to use the user's home directory: ; [Profiles] ; path = /var/lib/samba/profiles ; browseable = no ; guest ok = yes # A publicly accessible directory that is read only, except for users in the # "staff" group (which have write permissions): ; [public] ; comment = Public Stuff ; path = /home/samba ; public = yes ; writable = yes ; printable = no ; write list = +staff [tv] comment = TV path = /media/Isos/tv public = yes writable = yes printable = no write list = +media [music] comment = Music path = /media/Storage/music/ public = yes writable = yes printable = no write list = +media [pictures] comment = Pictures path = /media/Storage/pictures public = yes writable = yes printable = no write list = +media

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• My smtp server is spammed?

  - by Milos

  I have a server and the postfix client on it. Since several days, I noticed a lot of processes running there. When checked, there are a lot of emails sent. Here is an example from the mail log: Aug 18 11:54:56 mem postfix/smtpd[9963]: connect from dslb-188-096-082-167.188.096.pools.vodafone-ip.de[188.96.82.167] Aug 18 11:54:56 mem postfix/smtpd[9301]: connect from unknown[186.113.45.4] Aug 18 11:54:56 mem postfix/smtpd[9963]: 525E7114012D: client=dslb-188-096-082-167.188.096.pools.vodafone-ip.de[188.96.82.167] Aug 18 11:54:56 mem postfix/cleanup[9970]: 525E7114012D: message-id=<B55835C9027BFA9D16CCBB556DB2F48BB82DF004000480BA-db0c3ce8aa74446411898d0d2feb3001@email.filmforthoughtinc.com> Aug 18 11:54:56 mem postfix/qmgr[2581]: 525E7114012D: from=<[email protected]>, size=10702, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Aug 18 11:54:56 mem postfix/smtpd[9301]: EC52711401DC: client=unknown[186.113.45.4] Aug 18 11:54:57 mem postfix/smtpd[9963]: disconnect from dslb-188-096-082-167.188.096.pools.vodafone-ip.de[188.96.82.167] Aug 18 11:54:57 mem postfix/cleanup[8597]: EC52711401DC: message-id=<4C905D97606B436FE50C6F738DE014D9D84F2185BA815D81-1a4dbe6fc2bfcc8183f5faf901cfa15e@email.manguerasespecializadas.com> Aug 18 11:54:57 mem postfix/smtp[9971]: 525E7114012D: to=<[email protected]>, relay=mail.mdpi.com[209.237.236.228]:25, delay=1.2, delays=0.55/0/0.45/0.16, dsn=5.1.1, status=bounced (host mail.mdpi.com[209.237.236.228] said: 550 5.1.1 <[email protected]>: Recipient address rejected: mdpi.com (in reply to RCPT TO command)) Aug 18 11:54:57 mem postfix/cleanup[10067]: 8B1E11140268: message-id=<[email protected]> Aug 18 11:54:57 mem postfix/bounce[10001]: 525E7114012D: sender non-delivery notification: 8B1E11140268 Aug 18 11:54:57 mem postfix/qmgr[2581]: 8B1E11140268: from=<>, size=12693, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Aug 18 11:54:57 mem postfix/qmgr[2581]: 525E7114012D: removed Aug 18 11:54:57 mem postfix/qmgr[2581]: EC52711401DC: from=<[email protected]>, size=10978, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Aug 18 11:54:57 mem postfix/smtp[10013]: connect to aspmx.l.google.com[2607:f8b0:400d:c03::1b]:25: Network is unreachable Aug 18 11:54:57 mem postfix/smtpd[9301]: disconnect from unknown[186.113.45.4] Aug 18 11:54:58 mem postfix/smtp[10013]: 8B1E11140268: to=<[email protected]>, relay=aspmx.l.google.com[74.125.22.26]:25, delay=0.5, delays=0.06/0/0.28/0.16, dsn=5.1.1, status=bounced (host aspmx.l.google.com[74.125.22.26] said: 550-5.1.1 The email account that you tried to reach does not exist. Please try 550-5.1.1 double-checking the recipient's email address for typos or 550-5.1.1 unnecessary spaces. Learn more at 550 5.1.1 http://support.google.com/mail/bin/answer.py?answer=6596 l7si24621420qad.26 - gsmtp (in reply to RCPT TO command)) Aug 18 11:54:58 mem postfix/qmgr[2581]: 8B1E11140268: removed Aug 18 11:54:58 mem postfix/smtp[9971]: EC52711401DC: to=<[email protected]>, relay=mail.mdpi.com[209.237.236.228]:25, delay=1.2, delays=0.66/0/0.44/0.12, dsn=5.1.1, status=bounced (host mail.mdpi.com[209.237.236.228] said: 550 5.1.1 <[email protected]>: Recipient address rejected: mdpi.com (in reply to RCPT TO command)) Aug 18 11:54:58 mem postfix/cleanup[9970]: 414361140254: message-id=<[email protected]> Aug 18 11:54:58 mem postfix/bounce[10001]: EC52711401DC: sender non-delivery notification: 414361140254 Aug 18 11:54:58 mem postfix/qmgr[2581]: 414361140254: from=<>, size=13057, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Aug 18 11:54:58 mem postfix/qmgr[2581]: EC52711401DC: removed Aug 18 11:55:01 mem postfix/smtp[10002]: 414361140254: to=<[email protected]>, relay=manguerasespecializadas.com[99.198.96.210]:25, delay=2.9, delays=0.04/0/2.1/0.84, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 OK id=1XJPGs-0007BE-OI) Aug 18 11:55:01 mem postfix/qmgr[2581]: 414361140254: removed IS my server attacked, spammed? How to check that? Thank you.

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• Pushing DNSSEC updates with offline keys

  - by eggyal

  In a non-professional capacity, I look after the DNS of some 18 domains: mostly personal/vanity domains for immediate family. I outsource the whole shebang to an inexpensive managed hosting provider with a web interface through which I manage the zones; since the provider also offers DNSSEC, I have successfully deployed that too. These domains are so unimportant that an attack targetted against them seems much less likely than a general compromise of my provider's systems, at which point the records of all their customers might be changed to misdirect traffic (perhaps with extremely long TTLs). DNSSEC could protect against such an attack, but only if the zone's private keys are not held by the hosting provider. So, I wonder: how can one keep DNSSEC private keys offline yet still transfer signed zones to an outsourced DNS host? The most obvious answer (to me, at least) is to run one's own shadow/hidden master (from which the provider can slave) and then copy offline-signed zonefiles to the master as required. The problem is that the only machine I (want to*) control is my personal laptop, which usually connects from a typical home ADSL (behind NAT over a dynamically-assigned IP address). Having them slave from that (e.g. with a very long Expiry time on the zone for periods when my laptop is offline/unavailable) would not only require a Dynamic DNS record from which they can slave (if indeed they can slave from a named host rather than a static IP address), but would also involve me running a DNS server on my laptop and opening both it and my home network up to the incoming zone transfer requests: not ideal. I would prefer a much more push-oriented design, whereby my laptop initiates transfer of offline-signed zonefiles/updates to the provider's servers. I looked into whether nsupdate could fit the bill: documentation is a little sketchy, but my testing (with BIND 9.7) suggests it can indeed update DNSSEC zones, but only where the server holds the keys to perform the zone signing; I have not found a way to have it take an update including the relevant RRSIG/NSEC/etc. records and have the server accept them. Is this a supported use-case? If not, I suspect the only solutions which could fit the bill will involve non-DNS-based transfer of the zone updates and would welcome recommendations that are supported by (hopefully inexpensive) hosting providers: SFTP/SCP? rsync? RDBMS replication? Proprietary API? Finally, what would be the practical implications of such a setup? Key rotation is jumping out at me as being an obvious difficulty, especially if my laptop is offline for extended periods. But the zones are extremely stable, so perhaps I could get away with long-lived ZSKs**...? * Whilst I could run a shadow/hidden master on e.g. an outsourced VPS, I dislike the overhead of having to secure / manage / monitor / maintain yet another system; not to mention the additional financial costs of so doing. ** Okay, this would enable a concerted attacker to replay outdated records—but the risk and impact of such are both tolerable in the case of these domains.

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• Squid - Logging to MySQL without empty rows/skipped records?

  - by Lee Ward

  I'm trying to figure out how to make Squid proxy log to MySQL. I know ACL order is pretty important but I'm not sure if I understand exactly what ACLs are or do, it's difficult to explain, but hopefully you'll see where I'm going with this as you read! I have created the lines to make Squid interact with a helper in squid.conf as follows: external_acl_type mysql_log %LOGIN %SRC %PROTO %URI php /etc/squid3/custom/mysql_lg.php acl ex_log external mysql_log http_access allow ex_log The external ACL helper (mysql_lg.php) is a PHP script and is as follows: error_reporting(0); if (! defined(STDIN)) { define("STDIN", fopen("php://stdin", "r")); } $res = mysql_connect('localhost', 'squid', 'testsquidpw'); $dbres = mysql_select_db('squid', $res); while (!feof(STDIN)) { $line = trim(fgets(STDIN)); $fields = explode(' ', $line); $user = rawurldecode($fields[0]); $cli_ip = rawurldecode($fields[1]); $protocol = rawurldecode($fields[2]); $uri = rawurldecode($fields[3]); $q = "INSERT INTO logs (id, user, cli_ip, protocol, url) VALUES ('', '".$user."', '".$cli_ip."', '".$protocol."', '".$uri."');"; mysql_query($q) or die (mysql_error()); if ($fault) { fwrite(STDOUT, "ERR\n"); }; fwrite(STDOUT, "OK\n"); } The configuration I have right now looks like this: ## Authentication Handler auth_param ntlm program /usr/bin/ntlm_auth --helper-protocol=squid-2.5-ntlmssp auth_param ntlm children 30 auth_param negotiate program /usr/bin/ntlm_auth --helper-protocol=squid-2.5-basic auth_param negotiate children 5 # Allow squid to update log external_acl_type mysql_log %LOGIN %SRC %PROTO %URI php /etc/squid3/custom/mysql_lg.php acl ex_log external mysql_log http_access allow ex_log acl localnet src 172.16.45.0/24 acl AuthorizedUsers proxy_auth REQUIRED acl SSL_ports port 443 acl Safe_ports port 80 # http acl Safe_ports port 21 # ftp acl Safe_ports port 443 # https acl CONNECT method CONNECT acl blockeddomain url_regex "/etc/squid3/bl.acl" http_access deny blockeddomain deny_info ERR_BAD_GENERAL blockeddomain # Deny requests to certain unsafe ports http_access deny !Safe_ports # Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports # Allow the internal network access to this proxy http_access allow localnet # Allow authorized users access to this proxy http_access allow AuthorizedUsers # FINAL RULE - Deny all other access to this proxy http_access deny all From testing, the closer to the bottom I place the logging lines the less it logs. Oftentimes, it even places empty rows in to the MySQL table. The file-based logs in /var/log/squid3/access.log are correct but many of the rows in the access logs are missing from the MySQL logs. I can't help but think it's down to the order I'm putting lines in because I want to log everything to MySQL, unauthenticated requests, blocked requests, which category blocked a specific request. The reason I want this in MySQL is because I'm trying to have everything managed via a custom web-based frontend and want to avoid using any shell commands and access to system log files if I can help it. The end result is to make it as easy as possible to maintain without keeping staff waiting on the phone whilst I add a new rule and reload the server! Hopefully someone can help me out here because this is very much a learning experience for me and I'm pretty stumped. Many thanks in advance for any help!

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• ISP 5 Device Limit ... again

  - by Tommo

  Sorry for the delay in responding to the suggestions that were posted in my first question (ISP 5 Device Limit - double NAT the solution?). I've been travelling and have not been able to try anything. Below is what I've tried and where I have not been successful. Any more help gratefully appreciated. I figure I need to give a more comprehensive overview of what I've got and how it's set up. First of all - I am using all Apple products here. I am iMac, iPad, iPhone, Apple TV, Airport Express and Time Capsule. I used to like the way that it 'just worked'. Now I find that it requires a bit of encouragement before it 'just works'. So, as I stated in my original question; my ISP has a router in my building that is limiting me to 5 devices. I am hard wired into this router and I can neither access it physically nor logically (they won't let me access it). Also, I only appear to be able to connect to it through the LAN ports on my Time Capsule. Any device I connect appears to be on a rolling IP list with the following settings: Router 91.72.80.1 Devices then get assigned IPv4 addresses in the range (as far as I can see) from 91.72.80.2 onwards. SubNet Mask 255.255.255.0 DNS Servers 213.132.63.25, 80.227.2.4 I have my Time Capsule / Router in Bridge-Mode which means I am limited to the 5 devices and cannot use Guest Networks etc. What I've tried today. Static IPs: On all devices, I went from DHCP to Static and put in the same information when they had connected using DHCP. Somewhat surprisingly this did not work. None of the devices enjoyed any connection to the router and certainly no internet connection. Intentional Double-NAT - Time Capsule to 'DHCP and NAT': By selecting DHCP and NAT on my Router I was able to connect devices to my Time Capsule in the range 10.0.1.2 to 10.0.1.200. This offered no internet connectivity and didn't really help the situation. In this mode, however, I was able to force the devices - individually and laboriously - to look for the Router and previously listed DNSs by inputting the numbers from 'Bridge-mode' into the STATIC settings and then resetting the connection. The Router then appeared to assign a distinct IP address to the device and it worked on the network. I had this working for more than 5 devices. However, this is not a great solution because as soon as one of the mobile devices left the building it needed repointing to the Router. The connections were also not very stable. Especially when trying to hold onto a VPN. Spoofing a few MAC addresses: I'm afraid I don't really know what this would achieve, nor how to do it on an Apple device… So … I'm almost back at Square One. I have had to withdraw to the Bridge-Mode position again with the 5 device limit to see if there's a better course of action to follow. ANY help would be much appreciated. I am positive that I cannot be the only one suffering under this 5 device limit!

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• Configuring a PIX 506e for Asterisk

  - by orthogonal3

  Hi all! I'm having problems configuring a old Cisco PIX running 6.3 and wondered if anyone can lend a hand? Simply put I have a PIX 506e that I want to put in my VoIP data path. I can't update it and getting a compat version of Java for that version of PIX is tough so I can't log onto the web interface. The PIX straddles two networks..... 192.168.5.0 on the inside, ...50.0 on the outside both net masks are 255.255.255.0 I have a local Asterisk server cluster with a single service IP (<local asterisk>) SIP is on UDP 5060 and RTP (for the voip data) is on UDP 18000-18999 I know thats a big range but hey may as well. I need the 192.168.5.0 net to have web and ftp access for updates and the like. DHCP, DNS and NTP is already provided on that network so I don't need external DNS access. So I think I want the following rules: SIP or RTP from <my itsp> arriving at <outside voip ip> NATed to <local asterisk> SIP or RTP able to do the reverse route (should be covered by high sec - low sec??) HTTP and FTP access outbound for software update for the servers etc I have the following config at the minute - and I think I'm almost there (I hope)... interface ethernet0 auto interface ethernet1 auto nameif ethernet0 outside security0 nameif ethernet1 inside security100 enable password wouldyouliketobeapeppertoo encrypted passwd wouldyouliketobeapeppertoo encrypted hostname afirewall domain-name adomain fixup protocol dns maximum-length 512 fixup protocol ftp 21 fixup protocol h323 h225 1720 fixup protocol h323 ras 1718-1719 fixup protocol http 80 fixup protocol rsh 514 fixup protocol rtsp 554 fixup protocol sip 5060 fixup protocol sip udp 5060 fixup protocol skinny 2000 fixup protocol smtp 25 fixup protocol sqlnet 1521 fixup protocol tftp 69 access-list acl_ping permit icmp any any access-list voip permit ip host <my itsp> host <local asterisk> mtu outside 1500 mtu inside 1500 ip address outside <outside pix ip> 255.255.255.0 ip address inside <inside pix ip> 255.255.255.0 arp timeout 14400 global (outside) 1 <outside generic ip> nat (inside) 1 192.168.5.0 255.255.255.0 0 0 static (inside,outside) <outside voip ip> <local asterisk> netmask 255.255.255.255 0 0 static (outside,inside) <local asterisk> <outside voip ip> netmask 255.255.255.255 0 0 access-group acl_ping in interface outside access-group acl_ping in interface inside route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 <my next hop router> 1 route outside <my itsp> 255.255.255.255 <my next hop router> 1 I think I just need a hand with the access-lists and NAT/static rules. Would anyone be able to help as I've RTFM'd the Cisco docs a few times and they're heavy. Wishing I'd completed my CCNA now! Thanks all for any help, Phil

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• How can I make subversion reset the stored passwords/users and remember my authentication credential

  - by NicDumZ

  Hello folks! Background: I used to have everything working just fine on my fresh install: $ svn co https://domain:443/ test1 Error validating server certificate for 'https://domain:443': - The certificate is not issued by a trusted authority. Use the fingerprint to validate the certificate manually! Certificate information: - Hostname: **REMOVED** - Valid: **REMOVED** - Issuer: **REMOVED** - Fingerprint: **checked with issuer and REMOVED** (R)eject, accept (t)emporarily or accept (p)ermanently? p Authentication realm: <https://domain:443> Subversion repository Password for 'nicdumz-machine-hostname': Authentication realm: <https://domain:443> Subversion repository Username: nicdumz Password for 'nicdumz': # proceeds to checkout correctly $ svn co https://domain:443/ test2 # checkouts nicely, without asking for my password. At some point I needed to commit stuff using a different account. So I did that $ svn ci --username other.user Authentication realm: <https://domain:443> Subversion repository Password for 'other.user': # works fine But since then, everytime I want to commit as 'nicdumz' (default user, all repos have been checked-out with that user), it prompts me for my password: $ svn ci Authentication realm: <https://domain:443> Subversion repository Password for 'nicdumz': Hey come on, why :) The same happens if I want a fresh checkout, since read-access is also protected. So I tried fixing the issue by myself. I read around that ~/.subversion/auth was storing credentials, so I removed it from the way: $ cd ~/.subversion $ mv auth oldauth $ mkdir auth It seemed to work at first, because svn had forgotten about certificate validation: $ svn co https://domain:443/ test3 Error validating server certificate for 'https://domain:443': - The certificate is not issued by a trusted authority. Use the fingerprint to validate the certificate manually! Certificate information: - Hostname: **REMOVED** - Valid: **REMOVED** - Issuer: **REMOVED** - Fingerprint: **checked with issuer and REMOVED** (R)eject, accept (t)emporarily or accept (p)ermanently? p Authentication realm: <https://domain:443> Subversion repository Password for 'nicdumz-machine-hostname': Authentication realm: <https://domain:443> Subversion repository Username: nicdumz Password for 'nicdumz': # proceeds to checkout correctly $ svn up Authentication realm: <https://domain:443> Subversion repository Password for 'nicdumz': What? how is this happening? If you have suggestions to investigate more about the behaviour, I am very interested. If I'm correct, there is no way to do a verbose svn up or anything of the like, so I'm not sure should I go for investigation. Oh, and for what it's worth: $ svn --version svn, version 1.6.6 (r40053) compiled Oct 26 2009, 06:19:08 Copyright (C) 2000-2009 CollabNet. Subversion is open source software, see http://subversion.tigris.org/ This product includes software developed by CollabNet (http://www.Collab.Net/). The following repository access (RA) modules are available: * ra_neon : Module for accessing a repository via WebDAV protocol using Neon. - handles 'http' scheme - handles 'https' scheme * ra_svn : Module for accessing a repository using the svn network protocol. - with Cyrus SASL authentication - handles 'svn' scheme * ra_local : Module for accessing a repository on local disk. - handles 'file' scheme * ra_serf : Module for accessing a repository via WebDAV protocol using serf. - handles 'http' scheme - handles 'https' scheme

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• IPv6 host route is deleted after PMTU expires

  - by SAPikachu

  I am experimenting my new IPv6 tunnel setup between my local Ubuntu box and a scratch Linode. I set up some docker containers, configured 6in4 tunnel server and IPv6 forwarding on the Linode: # uname -a Linux argo 3.15.4-x86_64-linode45 #1 SMP Mon Jul 7 08:42:36 EDT 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux # ip addr .. snipped .. 48: sit-sapikachu: <POINTOPOINT,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1472 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default link/sit 106.185.41.115 peer 1.2.3.4 inet6 fd00::1/64 scope global valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::6ab9:2973/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 13: docker0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default link/ether 56:84:7a:fe:97:99 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.17.42.1/16 scope global docker0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fc00::1/64 scope global valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::5484:7aff:fefe:9799/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever // Docker containers are bridged to docker0 On my local box, I configured a 6in4 tunnel interface to connect to the Linode box, and added a host route to one of the docker container: # uname -a Linux sapikachu-netbox 3.13.0-24-generic #47-Ubuntu SMP Fri May 2 23:30:00 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux # ip addr .. snipped .. 16: sit-argo: <POINTOPOINT,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1480 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default link/sit 0.0.0.0 peer 106.185.41.115 inet6 fd00::2/64 scope global valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::a97:302/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::ac19:1/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::c0a8:1f0/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::c0a8:1fa/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether *** brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff .. snipped .. inet6 fd00:0:1::1/64 scope global valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::2e0:6fff:fe0e:365e/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever # ip route replace fc00::1875:8606:d8c1:8a9d via fd00::1 # Add route to docker container # ip -6 route .. snipped unrelated routes fc00::1875:8606:d8c1:8a9d via fd00::1 dev sit-argo metric 1024 expires 590sec mtu 1472 fd00::/64 dev sit-argo proto kernel metric 256 fd00:0:1::/64 dev eth0 proto kernel metric 256 fe80::/64 dev sit-argo proto kernel metric 256 (Note that tunnel MTU on my local box is different from the server, this is intentional for testing) After adding the host route to the docker container (fc00::1875:8606:d8c1:8a9d), I can ping the container without problem until the route expires. After that I couldn't get reply any more. If I run ip -6 route in a few seconds after expiration, expiration time of the host route will be a negative number: fc00::1875:8606:d8c1:8a9d via fd00::1 dev sit-argo metric 1024 expires -1sec And output of ip route get fc00::1875:8606:d8c1:8a9d shows that it is routed to my default IPv6 gateway (which fails to route it correctly of course, since the address is not globally routable). After some time, the host route disappears without a trace. This problem won't happen if I do either one of the following things: Set MTU of tunnel on my local box to be the same as the server (1472). The route won't have expiration time in both ip -6 route and ip route get in this case. Instead of adding a host route, add a route with network mask (even /127 works). In this case ip -6 route shows the route without expiration time, ip route get shows expiration time but it will be correctly refreshed after expiration. Although this problem can be easily resolved, I am curious to know why this happens. Is there error in my configuration, or is this a kernel bug?

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• Trying to prevent Windows from hibernating/sleeping automatically

  - by user328821

  My Dell XPS 8700 (Win 7) suddenly began putting itself to sleep at 6pm daily, even if I'm typing. I don't know what caused this to occur, except possibly a windows update that took place in the middle of the night. I initially went into settings for power and saw 2 plans set up, one from Dell and the other window's Power saver plan. I set both to never for sleep and hibernate yet it still occurred. I have current drivers and a fairly new UPS that has software to set to shutdown only after power loss. Dell is of little help, can anyone point me in the right direction? I did do the powerdfg -energy program and came up with this: Power Efficiency Diagnostics Report Scan Time 2014-05-08T19:21:48Z Scan Duration 60 seconds System Manufacturer Dell Inc. System Product Name XPS 8700 BIOS Date 08/23/2013 BIOS Version A04 OS Build 7601 Platform Role PlatformRoleDesktop Plugged In true Process Count 115 Thread Count 1631 Report GUID {097caf99-039b-44c3-b154-d797bfbfdfcc} Analysis Results Errors Power Policy:Sleep timeout is disabled (Plugged In) The computer is not configured to automatically sleep after a period of inactivity. System Availability Requests:System Required Request The device or driver has made a request to prevent the system from automatically entering sleep. Requesting Driver Instance HDAUDIO\FUNC_01&VEN_10EC&DEV_0899&SUBSYS_102805B7&REV_1000\4&220b1bbc&0&0001 Requesting Driver Device Realtek High Definition Audio CPU Utilization:Processor utilization is high The average processor utilization during the trace was high. The system will consume less power when the average processor utilization is very low. Review processor utilization for individual processes to determine which applications and services contribute the most to total processor utilization. Average Utilization (%) 9.48 Warnings Platform Timer Resolution:Platform Timer Resolution The default platform timer resolution is 15.6ms (15625000ns) and should be used whenever the system is idle. If the timer resolution is increased, processor power management technologies may not be effective. The timer resolution may be increased due to multimedia playback or graphical animations. Current Timer Resolution (100ns units) 10000 Maximum Timer Period (100ns units) 156001 Platform Timer Resolution:Outstanding Kernel Timer Request A kernel component or device driver has requested a timer resolution smaller than the platform maximum timer resolution. Requested Period 10000 Request Count 2 Platform Timer Resolution:Outstanding Timer Request A program or service has requested a timer resolution smaller than the platform maximum timer resolution. Requested Period 10000 Requesting Process ID 8672 Requesting Process Path \Device\HarddiskVolume3\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Firefox\firefox.exe Platform Timer Resolution:Outstanding Timer Request A program or service has requested a timer resolution smaller than the platform maximum timer resolution. Requested Period 100000 Requesting Process ID 1212 Requesting Process Path \Device\HarddiskVolume3\Windows\System32\svchost.exe Power Policy:802.11 Radio Power Policy is Maximum Performance (Plugged In) The current power policy for 802.11-compatible wireless network adapters is not configured to use low-power modes. CPU Utilization:Individual process with significant processor utilization. This process is responsible for a significant portion of the total processor utilization recorded during the trace. Process Name audiodg.exe PID 1304 Average Utilization (%) 4.73 Module Average Module Utilization (%) \Device\HarddiskVolume3\Windows\System32\msvcrt.dll 1.88 \Device\HarddiskVolume3\Windows\System32\MaxxAudioAPO5064.dll 1.77 \Device\HarddiskVolume3\Windows\System32\AudioEng.dll 0.80 CPU Utilization:Individual process with significant processor utilization. This process is responsible for a significant portion of the total processor utilization recorded during the trace. Process Name thunderbird.exe PID 6036 Average Utilization (%) 0.35 Module Average Module Utilization (%) \Device\HarddiskVolume3\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Thunderbird\xul.dll 0.16 \Device\HarddiskVolume3\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Thunderbird\mozjs.dll 0.05 \SystemRoot\System32\win32k.sys 0.03 CPU Utilization:Individual process with significant processor utilization. This process is responsible for a significant portion of the total processor utilization recorded during the trace. Process Name dwm.exe PID 1340 Average Utilization (%) 0.25 Module Average Module Utilization (%) \Device\HarddiskVolume3\Windows\System32\dwmcore.dll 0.08 \Device\HarddiskVolume3\Windows\System32\nvwgf2umx.dll 0.05 \SystemRoot\system32\ntoskrnl.exe 0.03 CPU Utilization:Individual process with significant processor utilization. This process is responsible for a significant portion of the total processor utilization recorded during the trace.

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• Set source address to use tun device does not work (Debian Squeeze)

  - by A. Donda

  there have been similar questions on StackExchange but none of the answers helped me, so I'll try a question of my own. I have a VPN connection via OpenVPN. By default, all traffic is redirected through the tunnel using OpenVPN's "two more specific routes" trick, but I disabled that. My routing table is like this: 198.144.156.141 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 eth0 10.30.92.5 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun1 10.30.92.1 10.30.92.5 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 tun1 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 10.30.92.5 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 tun1 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 And the interface configuration is like this: # ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr XX-XX- inet addr:192.168.2.100 Bcast:192.168.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::211:9ff:fe8d:acbd/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:394869 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:293489 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:388519578 (370.5 MiB) TX bytes:148817487 (141.9 MiB) Interrupt:20 Base address:0x6f00 tun1 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:10.30.92.6 P-t-P:10.30.92.5 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:64 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:67 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:9885 (9.6 KiB) TX bytes:4380 (4.2 KiB) plus the lo device. The routing table has two default routes, one via eth0 through my local network router (DSL modem) at 192.168.2.1, and another via tun1 through the VPN's gateway. With this configuration, if I connect to a site, the route chosen is the direct one (because it has less hops?): # traceroute 8.8.8.8 -n traceroute to 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.2.1 0.427 ms 0.491 ms 0.610 ms 2 213.191.89.13 17.981 ms 20.137 ms 22.141 ms 3 62.109.108.48 23.681 ms 25.009 ms 26.401 ms ... This is fine, because my goal is to send only traffic from specific applications through the tunnel (esp. transmission, using its -i / bind-address-ipv4 option). To test whether this can work at all, I check it first with traceroute's -s option: # traceroute 8.8.8.8 -n -s 10.30.92.6 traceroute to 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 * * * 2 * * * 3 * * * ... This I take to mean that connection using the tunnel's local address as source is not possible. What is possible (though only as root) is to specify the source interface: # traceroute 8.8.8.8 -n -i tun1 traceroute to 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 10.30.92.1 129.337 ms 297.758 ms 297.725 ms 2 * * * 3 198.144.152.17 297.653 ms 297.652 ms 297.650 ms ... So apparently the tun1 interface is working and it is possible to send packets through it. But selecting the source interface is not implemented in my actual target application (transmission), so I would like to get source address selection to work. What am I doing wrong?

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• Windows 7 is stuck at "Starting Windows" when I attempt to boot computer

  - by Eli

  Basically, whenever I turn on my computer, it gets to the Starting Windows phase and just stays there. The startup animation still plays, yet it gets nowhere. I have tried booting into safe mode, however it gets stuck at loading CLASSPNP.SYS. It then freezes there and doesn't continue booting. I have tried booting into recovery mode from the hard drive, and it freezes after displaying the background image. I have tried booting from a recovery CD, which works, and I was able to use system restore. However, using system restore did not fix it, and it still is stuck at the Starting Windows screen. I have tried booting a Windows CD (Windows 8 Retail Installer) to see if I could upgrade it to fix this issue, however that froze at a blank screen after it got past the boot logo. I have tried changing around the BIOS settings (including resetting), to no avail. I have tried re-plugging the internal PSU cables (this is a custom-built desktop), yet this has changed nothing. I can boot into a loopback Ubuntu install on the same drive, which works fine, other than the fact that it has issues with some of the USB ports and the network card. This system has worked fine for the past few months, completely stable, and nothing in the configuration has changed before this error started happening. Startup Repair on the Windows recovery CD doesn't find any issues. Unplugging my secondary hard drive or swapping around memory doesn't change anything. The hard drive itself is fine, it hasn't shown any signs of failure and once again, boots my other OS fine. If anyone could help with this, that would be great. I can't seem to find any possible solution to this. If it makes any difference, my system specs are as follows: AMD FX-8320 Gigabyte GA-970A-D3 4GB of DDR3 Radeon HD 6870 550w PSU I'd like to not have to reinstall Windows, for I have more than a terabyte of data that I would have to back up if that becomes the only option. EDIT: I have since tried the following: Tried the solution involving restoring files from RegBackup, which changed nothing. Tried testing everything with Hiren's boot CD, everything comes back as fine. Tried disabling everything unnecessary in the BIOS and unplugging everything unneeded, it still hangs. Tried swapping out every possible combination of RAM, it still has the same result. The RAM is not at fault it seems Tried every GPU I own (which is many!) and it still hangs at the exact same place. Tried minimizing the power consumption as much as possible, even using an old PCI graphics card. It still hangs at the same place in the same way, signifying that it's not the PSU at fault. Tried resetting the BIOS again, still nothing. Tried every possible combination of BIOS options, even downclocking everything, it still hangs in the same spot. Tried upgrading the BIOS from version FB to FD, which changed nothing. Based on this, I would conclude the motherboard to be at fault. Are there any other possibilities? I don't want to spend $150 for a new motherboard. EDIT 2: This is what it gets stuck at when I try to boot into safe mode: Note the slight graphical corruption at the top of the screen. No matter how I set up the system, this seems to be there. In addition, either it has stopped booting into safe mode now, or it takes upwards of 2+ hours, and I haven't left it running for that long.

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• Backup, Migrate or Clone Failing CentOS 4 (LVM)

  - by Hegelworm

  I've been running a BlueQuartz CentOS 4 system (Nuonce.net distro) for a few years now and although the hard drive (Deskstar) has always been a bit noisy, on a few recent occasions I've heard it having trouble spinning up. Basically, I want to clone this drive to a similar sized one (80 Gig). I've spent many hours reading upon dd, dd_rescue, rsync, clonezilla and LVM mirroring yet the sheer number of options and nightmarish accounts has left me frozen - unable to make an informed decision as to how to start. I've made a few attempts. dd failed after about 2 hours, as, although the drives appeared to be identical on the surface (ATA Seagate Barracudas, Thai not Chinese), the destination drive is slightly smaller. My most recent attempt involved using a Debian CD to format the new drive and then rsync-ing everything over and editing the new drive's grub and fstab to reflect the changes. No joy here either as I hadn't chosen LVM when partitioning the destination drive and it wouldn't boot. As you can probably tell, I'm out of my depth here and a panic-invoking mixture of caution and frustration has prompted me to sign up here. The server itself, although not strictly a production environment, has a very specific installation of Festival, LAME and ffMpeg and provides the back-end for a Text-to-Speech jQuery plugin that I've built over the last 2 years. I'm also planning to rebuild the whole TTS system on Debian as the existing CentOS system still has PHP4 etc. For now though, I'd really like to just shift everything over to a new drive. As this is my first post, please feel free to lay any house rules on me that I might've overlooked; I've been hovering around StackOverflow for a while now but have only just signed up. Many thanks. Update: Thanks for your responses so far - it's much appreciated and makes me feel a little more confident when I can double-check things here. I had the idea of doing a fresh install of CentOS (from the original disk) on the new drive so the partitions and LVM were all set up correctly (after disconnecting my source drive to prevent painful mistakes). I then booted into rescue mode from the same CD, and, to avoid a conflicting label, changed the /boot partition's label using e2label to /bootnew. I then changed the VolGroup name using lvm vgrename from VolGroup00 to VolGroup001. I could then boot with both drives in. After mounting the new drive (via its VolGroup001 alias) into /newhd, I rsync-ed over everything I could to the new drive, using -avr switches and backslashes. Like mentioned here. I then disconnected my original source drive again, booted from the liveCD again, changed back the boot partition label from /bootnew to /boot using e2label and then renamed the VolGroup back to VolGroup00. I then rebooted and it went through the familiar start-up routine only to not find a host of files in proc, usr, lib, var etc. The boot did complete but there were lots of red 'FAILS'. I could log in with my existing creds, but the network was kaput, I couldn't startX (desktop GUI) and there were also a few (a lot) of error messages pertaining to iptables. Back to square one. I naively thought I'd nailed it. Shall I just buy a bigger hard drive and attempt the dd route? I've read that this can mess with LVM setups and there's the added risk of working on two unmounted drives at once with a low-level tool. Thanks again.

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• Exchange 2003 mail non-delivery (NDR), spam activity? events 7002 & 7004

  - by HighTechGeek

  Windows Server 2003 Small Business Server SP2 Exchange Version 6.5 (Build 7638.2: Service Pack 2) This network has been neglected and has been having email problems for years and was on many blacklists. I was called in after the server eventually crashed... I got the server back up and running, but email problems persist. Outgoing mail delivery is sporadic. Sometimes the mail goes through, sometimes a delayed delivery report is generated after a day or more, and sometimes it seems to go through, but the recipient never receives it. Not sure if spammers are successfully using the server as a relay (see event entries below after turning on maximum SMTP logging)... User PCs infected with viruses and server was blacklisted on many sites (I used mxtoolbox.com) I have cleaned all the PCs and changed all passwords (including administrator) I have requested removal from all of the blacklists - most have removed the listing, some take more time. I have setup rDNS pointer records with the ISP (Comcast) - that was one reason for some of the blacklistings. I have tested that it's not an open relay using telnet as described here: www.amset.info/exchange/smtp-openrelay.asp I followed the advise of a Spamhaus & Microsoft article to enable maximum SMTP logging. http://www.spamhaus.org/faq/answers.lasso?section=isp%20spam%20issues#320 which directed me to Microsoft KB article 895853, specifically, the part 2/3 down titled: "If mail relay occurs from an account on an Exchange computer that is not configured as an open relay" . The Application Event Log is filling with this type of activity (Event ID 7002, 7002 & 3018 errors): Event Type: Error Event Source: MSExchangeTransport Event Category: SMTP Protocol Event ID: 7004 Date: 1/18/2011 Time: 7:33:29 AM User: N/A Computer: SERVER Description: This is an SMTP protocol error log for virtual server ID 1, connection #621. The remote host "212.52.84.180", responded to the SMTP command "rcpt" with "550 #5.1.0 Address rejected [email protected] ". The full command sent was "RCPT TO: ". This will probably cause the connection to fail. and this: Event Type: Warning Event Source: MSExchangeTransport Event Category: SMTP Protocol Event ID: 7002 Date: 1/18/2011 Time: 7:33:29 AM User: N/A Computer: SERVER Description: This is an SMTP protocol warning log for virtual server ID 1, connection #620. The remote host "212.52.84.170", responded to the SMTP command "rcpt" with "452 Too many recipients received this hour ". The full command sent was "RCPT TO: ". This may cause the connection to fail. or a variant of: Event Type: Warning Event Source: MSExchangeTransport Event Category: SMTP Protocol Event ID: 7002 Date: 1/18/2011 Time: 8:39:21 AM User: N/A Computer: SERVER Description: This is an SMTP protocol warning log for virtual server ID 1, connection #661. The remote host "82.57.200.133", responded to the SMTP command "rcpt" with "421 Service not available - too busy ". The full command sent was "RCPT TO: ". This may cause the connection to fail. also Event Type: Error Event Source: MSExchangeTransport Event Category: NDR Event ID: 3018 Date: 1/18/2011 Time: 9:49:37 AM User: N/A Computer: SERVER Description: A non-delivery report with a status code of 5.4.0 was generated for recipient rfc822;[email protected] (Message-ID ). Causes: This message indicates a DNS problem or an IP address configuration problem Solution: Check the DNS using nslookup or dnsq. Verify the IP address is in IPv4 literal format. Data: 0000: ef 02 04 c0 ï..À Any guidance and/or suggestions and/or tests to perform would be greatly appreciated.

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• How broken is routing strategy that causes a martian packet (so far only) during tracepath?

  - by lkraav

  I believe I've achieved a table that routes packets from and to eth1/192.168.3.x through 192.168.3.1, and packets from and to eth0/192.168.1.x through 192.168.1.1 (helpful source). Question: when doing tracepath from 192.168.3.20 (from within vserver), I'm getting kernel: [318535.927489] martian source 192.168.3.20 from 212.47.223.33, on dev eth0 at or near the target IP, while intermediary hops go without (log below). I don't understand why this packet is arriving on eth0, instead of eth1, even after reading this: Note that you may see packets from non-routable IP addresses when running the traceroute or tracepath commands. While packets cannot be routed to these routers, packets sent between 2 routers only need to know the address of the next hop within the local networks, which could be a non-routable address. Can someone explain that paragraph in human language? Based on short initial trials so far, everything else seems to work without causing martians. Is this contained to the nature of tracepath operation or do I have some other bigger routing problem that will cause work traffic breakage? Side note: is it possible to inspect martian packet with tcpdump or wireshark or anything of the sort? I'm have not been able to get it to show up on my own. vserver-20 / # tracepath -n 212.47.223.33 1: 192.168.3.2 0.064ms pmtu 1500 1: 192.168.3.1 1.076ms 1: 192.168.3.1 1.259ms 2: 90.191.8.2 1.908ms 3: 90.190.134.194 2.595ms 4: 194.126.123.94 2.136ms asymm 5 5: 195.250.170.22 2.266ms asymm 6 6: 212.47.201.86 2.390ms asymm 7 7: no reply 8: no reply 9: no reply ^C Host routing: $ sudo ip addr 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo 2: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop state DOWN link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0 3: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,PROMISC,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:24:1d:de:b3:5d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.1.2/24 scope global eth0 4: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,PROMISC,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:46:46:a3:6a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.3.2/27 scope global eth1 inet 192.168.3.20/27 brd 192.168.3.31 scope global secondary eth1 # linux-vserver instance $ sudo ip route default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth0 metric 3 unreachable 127.0.0.0/8 scope host 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.2 192.168.3.0/27 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.3.2 $ sudo ip rule 0: from all lookup local 32764: from all to 192.168.3.0/27 lookup dmz 32765: from 192.168.3.0/27 lookup dmz 32766: from all lookup main 32767: from all lookup default $ sudo ip route show table dmz default via 192.168.3.1 dev eth1 metric 4 192.168.3.0/27 dev eth1 scope link metric 4 Gateway routing # ip route 10.24.0.2 dev tun0 proto kernel scope link src 10.24.0.1 10.24.0.0/24 via 10.24.0.2 dev tun0 192.168.3.0/24 dev br-dmz proto kernel scope link src 192.168.3.1 192.168.1.0/24 dev br-lan proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.1 $ISP_NET/23 dev eth0.1 proto kernel scope link src $WAN_IP default via $ISP_GW dev eth0.1 Additional background Options for non-virtualized network interface isolation?

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• Week in Geek: USDA Chooses Microsoft for Cloud Services Edition

  - by Asian Angel

  This week we learned how to create geeky LED holiday lights with old bottles, dig deeper in Windows Defrag via the command prompt, use Google Chrome’s drag/drop feature to upload files easier, find great gift recommendations by looking through the How-To Geek holiday gift guide, and have fun adding Merry Christmas fonts to our computers. Photo by ntr23. Random Geek Links It has been a busy week, so we have extra news link goodness with information that is good for you to know. USDA making the move to Microsoft The U.S. Department of Agriculture has announced that it has chosen Microsoft to host things like e-mail, instant messaging, and collaboration through the software giant’s Business Productivity Online Suite. Google says it was cut off from USDA project bid Google is claiming that it was not given a chance to bid on a cloud-computing project for the U.S. Department of Agriculture, for which the contract was awarded to rival Microsoft. Apache is being forced into a Java Fork When Oracle rolled over Apache and Google’s objections to its Java plans in December, the scene was set for Apache to leave and, eventually, force a Java code fork. Tumblr explains daylong outage After experiencing an outage that started on Sunday afternoon and stretched through most of the day yesterday, Tumblr has explained what happened. Google demos Chrome OS, launches pilot program During a press briefing this week in San Francisco, Google launched the Chrome application store and demonstrated Chrome OS, its browser-centric netbook operating system. Don’t expect Spotify in U.S. this holiday season As of last week, Spotify had yet to sign a single licensing deal with a major label, after spending more than a year negotiating, multiple music sources told CNET. December 2010 Patch Tuesday will come with most bulletins ever According to the Microsoft Security Response Center, Microsoft will issue 17 Security Bulletins addressing 40 vulnerabilities on Tuesday, December 14. It will also host a webcast to address customer questions the following day. Hacker plants back door in Symbian firmware Indian hacker Atul Alex has had a look at the firmware for Symbian S60 smartphones and come up with a back door for it. PC quarantines raise tough complexities The concept of quarantining PCs to prevent widespread infection is “interesting, but difficult to implement, with far too many problems”, said security experts. Symantec: DDoS attacks hard to defend It has surfaced that the distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks on Visa and MasterCard Web sites on Wednesday were carried out by a toolkit known as low orbit ion cannon (LOIC). Web Sockets and the risks of unfinished standards Enthusiasm for a promising new standard called Web Sockets has quickly cooled in some quarters as a potential security problem led some browser makers to hastily postpone support. Internet Explorer 9 to get tracking protection Microsoft is making changes to Internet Explorer 9’s security features that will better enable users to keep sites from tracking their activity across browsing sessions. NASA sold PCs with sensitive data NASA failed to remove sensitive data from computers that it sold, according to an audit report released this week. Cybercrooks create fake Amazon receipts The bad guys have created yet another online scam, this one involving fake Amazon receipts. World of Warcraft character move fees waived Until December 22, Blizzard will allow free realm transfers from 25 highly populated servers to alleviate log-in queues or performance issues. (The free transfers are one-way and one-time only.) SpaceX Dragon reaches orbit atop a Falcon with a fiery tail The Space Exploration Technologies corporation has become the first nongovernmental entity to put a vehicle into low Earth orbit. Geek Video of the Week If birds have wings, then why are the Angry Birds using slingshots? Photo by Dorkly Bits. Wait… Birds have Wings, Why are the Angry Ones Using Slingshots? Sysadmin Geek Tips How To Setup Email Alerts on Linux Using Gmail or SMTP Linux machines may require administrative intervention in countless ways, but without manually logging into them how would you know about it? Here’s how to setup emails to get notified when your machines want some tender love and attention. Random TinyHacker Links Red Panda Webcam Support Firefox and the Knoxville Zoo’s Red Panda program. Christmas Icons (Icons we like) Superb set of holiday icons by lgp85 at deviantArt. Download the .zip and use as .png or convert to .ico at Convertico.com or with tiny app Imagicon. Super User Questions Enjoy reading the great answers to this week’s popular questions from Super User Useful USB boot disks? DVD/CD burning .zip: is it more reliable, faster, longer lasting to burn a zip of files rather than the files as a folder? What are other ways to backup my files if I do not have an external drive? Anti virus what is the difference between these all? How can I block all Facebook elements/content? How-To Geek Weekly Article Recap Have you had a busy week between work and preparing for the holidays? Get caught up on your HTG reading with our hottest articles of the week. 20 Windows Keyboard Shortcuts You Might Not Know The 50 Best Registry Hacks that Make Windows Better LCD? LED? Plasma? The How-To Geek Guide to HDTV Technology HTG Explains: Which Linux File System Should You Choose? How to Use and Customize Google Chrome Web Apps One Year Ago on How-To Geek This week’s batch of retro geeky goodness is all about customizing Windows 7. ClassicShell Adds Classic Start Menu and Explorer Features to Windows 7 Get an Aero-Styled Classic Start Menu in Windows 7 Customize the Windows 7 Logon Screen Get the Classic Style Network Activity Indicator Back in Windows 7 How To Enable Check Boxes for Items In Windows 7 The Geek Note We would like you to join us in welcoming Jason Fitzpatrick to the writing staff here at How-To Geek. He started with us this past week, so take some time to read through his articles about the Wii, Kindle, & PlayStation 2 Peripherals and leave a friendly comment to say “Hi”! Got a great tip to share? Make sure to send it in to us at [email protected]. Photo by real00. Latest Features How-To Geek ETC The 50 Best Registry Hacks that Make Windows Better The How-To Geek Holiday Gift Guide (Geeky Stuff We Like) LCD? LED? Plasma? The How-To Geek Guide to HDTV Technology The How-To Geek Guide to Learning Photoshop, Part 8: Filters Improve Digital Photography by Calibrating Your Monitor Our Favorite Tech: What We’re Thankful For at How-To Geek Settle into Orbit with the Voyage Theme for Chrome and Iron Awesome Safari Compass Icons Set Escape from the Exploding Planet Wallpaper Move Your Tumblr Blog to WordPress Pytask is an Easy to Use To-Do List Manager for Your Ubuntu System Snowy Christmas House Personas Theme for Firefox

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