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  • How to do safely test Biztalk app by manipulating the Windows OS system time w/o breaking the Active Directory?

    - by melaos
    i have a biztalk - window service tied middleware application which talks to other system. recently we had a request to test for scenarios which relates to the date. as we have a lot of places in the application which uses the .net Datetime.Now value, we don't really want to go into the code level and change all these values. so we're looking at the simplest way to test which is to just change the OS time. but what we notice is that sometimes when we change the system date time, we will get account lock out due to Active Directory. So my question is what's a good and safe way that i can test for future dates, etc by changing the windows OS system date time but without causing any issues with the Active Directory. And where can i find out more about AD and how it issues token and what's the correlation with the system date time changes. Thanks! ~m

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  • Running suspicious X programs in GNU/Linux

    - by Vi
    What the most harmful thing can malware program started as separate limited user account do if it has access to the X server? Network and filesystem things are already considered by chroot and netfilter. It obviously can lock the screen and I will need to switch to other vt and kill it manually. Can it for example disrupt other GUI programs on the same X server (access to root terminal in nearby window)? I know that it is safer to run it in separate X server, for example, in Xtightvnc or even some virtual machine, but how dangerous is to just run it like other programs?

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  • When I try to install Windows 7 on dell inspiron 1420 which came with Ubuntu freezes at the beginnin

    - by draganstankovic
    I have searched many forums and tried a lot of suggested solutions but nothing works. I am sure that installation disk is ok cause it worked before (I was able to install Windows7 on my other notebook - MSI). What happens is: I boot with installation CD, it says 'Windows is loading files...' Then it says Starting Windows (mouse laser works at that moment). Then I get the screen with window which has a title "Install Windows" with options to choose language, keyboard, etc. and asking me to click next. But, the problem is that at that moment mouse and keyboard don't work at all. Mouse's laser is turned off, and if I press CAPS LOCK on keyboard it doesn't turn the LED on. Do you have any suggestions? Thanks!

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  • Realtime website slowness (PHP/MYSQL)

    - by 3s2ng
    We got a website with realtime transactions. The past few days we experienced some slowness during a period of time. Usually the slowness last for 5 minutes. And also during the slowness we noticed that sometimes we can not connect to SSH and FTP or sometimes very slow to connect to those services. Currently we are trying to identify the issue. We already setup database monitoring tool. Now are about to signup with pingdom.com My question is. If the website is too slow due to the database (table or row lock) will it affect the other services like SSH and FTP? Does the ping correlates the page load and the connection between my PC and server? Thanks, Mark

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  • having public computers without joining the domain

    - by MCarter
    Good Morning, I would like to know what is the best arrangement for setting up 24 computers at a facility. We do not want these computers to join our domain because of security concerns. We plan on having these public computers connect to our wifi network. If anyone knows of the best way to approach this, that would be great! We also need to add printers to these public computers. We would also like to lock each computer down. Since we are not connecting by network, I assume we would have to configure each group policy.

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  • Can't delete profile

    - by generic_noob
    Hi All, I have a client machine (XP SP3) which used to be connected to a windows 2003 domain, but the server has since gone down due to a hard drive failure, however the profiles still remain in 'documents and settings'. I have a local admin account on the same machine (in the administrator's group), except when i try to remove the profiles manually from System Properties - Advanced - User Profiles - Settings, the delete button is disabled. Also, Windows prevents me from deleting or renaming the user's profile folder as well, due to a lock with ntuser.dat Any thoughts on this would be greatly appreciated, Cheers!

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  • Windows 8: 100% disk active time, no actual data transferred

    - by fingerbangpalateclick
    Occasionally, like several times an hour, my hard drive will appear to lock up: Task Manager will show 100% active time with read and write speeds of 0. I can still switch between open windows, but anything that requires a disk access will stall for around a minute until the hard disk starts working properly again. It happens at apparently random intervals, and only happens in Windows 8. Not 7, nor Linux. It is probably not a problem with the disk itself: This is a relatively new hard drive, and S.M.A.R.T. is showing no errors. Only happens in Windows 8: not any other OS that has used the same partition, or different partitions. So, what is going on? How can I fix this? Note: this is a different problem then this one: Extremely high disk activity without any real usage My task manager would look similar, but Average Response Time, Read Speed, and Write Speed would all be 0.

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  • RDC stops working after a period of time.

    - by xjerx
    I have a workstation with RDC configured for the employee. When they leave at the end of their day they lock the pc (windows key + l). They go home connect to our VPN and log back in. Everything works fine. The following morning they will attempt to log in before they return to the office. The computer does not respond to the RDC request. I've found that it becomes completely inactive to any ICMP requests. Once the user reboots the computer everything works fine again. I'm going to turn off RDC, reboot, turn RDC back on and reboot again to see if it fixes the problem. Until then does anyone have any other ideas?

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  • Microsoft Enterprise Library Caching Application Block not thread safe?!

    - by AlanR
    Good aftenoon, I created a super simple console app to test out the Enterprise Library Caching Application Block, and the behavior is blaffling. I'm hoping I screwed something that's easy to fix in the setup. Have each item expire after 5 seconds for testing purposes. Basic setup -- "every second pick a number between 0 and 2. if the cache doesn't already have it, put it in there -- otherwise just grab it from the cache. Do this inside a LOCK statement to ensure thread safety. APP.CONFIG: <configuration> <configSections> <section name="cachingConfiguration" type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Caching.Configuration.CacheManagerSettings, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Caching, Version=4.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" /> </configSections> <cachingConfiguration defaultCacheManager="Cache Manager"> <cacheManagers> <add expirationPollFrequencyInSeconds="1" maximumElementsInCacheBeforeScavenging="1000" numberToRemoveWhenScavenging="10" backingStoreName="Null Storage" type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Caching.CacheManager, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Caching, Version=4.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" name="Cache Manager" /> </cacheManagers> <backingStores> <add encryptionProviderName="" type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Caching.BackingStoreImplementations.NullBackingStore, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Caching, Version=4.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" name="Null Storage" /> </backingStores> </cachingConfiguration> </configuration> C#: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Common; using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Caching; using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Caching.Expirations; namespace ConsoleApplication1 { class Program { public static ICacheManager cache = CacheFactory.GetCacheManager("Cache Manager"); static void Main(string[] args) { while (true) { System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000); // sleep for one second. var key = new Random().Next(3).ToString(); string value; lock (cache) { if (!cache.Contains(key)) { cache.Add(key, key, CacheItemPriority.Normal, null, new SlidingTime(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5))); } value = (string)cache.GetData(key); } Console.WriteLine("{0} --> '{1}'", key, value); //if (null == value) throw new Exception(); } } } } OUPUT -- How can I prevent the cache to returning nulls? 2 --> '2' 1 --> '1' 2 --> '2' 0 --> '0' 2 --> '2' 0 --> '0' 1 --> '' 0 --> '0' 1 --> '1' 2 --> '' 0 --> '0' 2 --> '2' 0 --> '0' 1 --> '' 2 --> '2' 1 --> '1' Press any key to continue . . . Thanks in advance, -Alan.

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  • SqlBulkCopy is slow, doesn't utilize full network speed

    - by Alex
    Hi, for that past couple of weeks I have been creating generic script that is able to copy databases. The goal is to be able to specify any database on some server and copy it to some other location, and it should only copy the specified content. The exact content to be copied over is specified in a configuration file. This script is going to be used on some 10 different databases and run weekly. And in the end we are copying only about 3%-20% of databases which are as large as 500GB. I have been using the SMO assemblies to achieve this. This is my first time working with SMO and it took a while to create generic way to copy the schema objects, filegroups ...etc. (Actually helped find some bad stored procs). Overall I have a working script which is lacking on performance (and at times times out) and was hoping you guys would be able to help. When executing the WriteToServer command to copy large amount of data ( 6GB) it reaches my timeout period of 1hr. Here is the core code for copying table data. The script is written in PowerShell. $query = ("SELECT * FROM $selectedTable " + $global:selectiveTables.Get_Item($selectedTable)).Trim() Write-LogOutput "Copying $selectedTable : '$query'" $cmd = New-Object Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand -argumentList $query, $source $cmd.CommandTimeout = 120; $bulkData = ([Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy]$destination) $bulkData.DestinationTableName = $selectedTable; $bulkData.BulkCopyTimeout = $global:tableCopyDataTimeout # = 3600 $reader = $cmd.ExecuteReader(); $bulkData.WriteToServer($reader); # Takes forever here on large tables The source and target databases are located on different servers so I kept track of the network speed as well. The network utilization never went over 1% which was quite surprising to me. But when I just transfer some large files between the servers, the network utilization spikes up to 10%. I have tried setting the $bulkData.BatchSize to 5000 but nothing really changed. Increasing the BulkCopyTimeout to an even greater amount would only solve the timeout. I really would like to know why the network is not being used fully. Anyone else had this problem? Any suggestions on networking or bulk copy will be appreciated. And please let me know if you need more information. Thanks. UPDATE I have tweaked several options that increase the performance of SqlBulkCopy, such as setting the transaction logging to simple and providing a table lock to SqlBulkCopy instead of the default row lock. Also some tables are better optimized for certain batch sizes. Overall, the duration of the copy was decreased by some 15%. And what we will do is execute the copy of each database simultaneously on different servers. But I am still having a timeout issue when copying one of the databases. When copying one of the larger databases, there is a table for which I consistently get the following exception: System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException: Timeout expired. The timeout period elapsed prior to completion of the operation or the server is not responding. It is thrown about 16 after it starts copying the table which is no where near my BulkCopyTimeout. Even though I get the exception that table is fully copied in the end. Also, if I truncate that table and restart my process for that table only, the tables is copied over without any issues. But going through the process of copying that entire database fails always for that one table. I have tried executing the entire process and reseting the connection before copying that faulty table, but it still errored out. My SqlBulkCopy and Reader are closed after each table. Any suggestions as to what else could be causing the script to fail at the point each time?

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  • IE attachEvent on object tag causes memory corruption

    - by larswa
    I've an ActiveX Control within an embedded IE8 HTML page that has the following event MessageReceived([in] BSTR srcWindowId, [in] BSTR json). On Windows the event is registered with OCX.attachEvent("MessageReceived", onMessageReceivedFunc). Following code fires the event in the HTML page. HRESULT Fire_MessageReceived(BSTR id, BSTR json) { CComVariant varResult; T* pT = static_cast<T*>(this); int nConnectionIndex; CComVariant* pvars = new CComVariant[2]; int nConnections = m_vec.GetSize(); for (nConnectionIndex = 0; nConnectionIndex < nConnections; nConnectionIndex++) { pT->Lock(); CComPtr<IUnknown> sp = m_vec.GetAt(nConnectionIndex); pT->Unlock(); IDispatch* pDispatch = reinterpret_cast<IDispatch*>(sp.p); if (pDispatch != NULL) { VariantClear(&varResult); pvars[1] = id; pvars[0] = json; DISPPARAMS disp = { pvars, NULL, 2, 0 }; pDispatch->Invoke(0x1, IID_NULL, LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_METHOD, &disp, &varResult, NULL, NULL); } } delete[] pvars; // -> Memory Corruption here! return varResult.scode; } After I enabled gflags.exe with application verifier, the following strange behaviour occur: After Invoke() that is executing the JavaScript callback, the BSTR from pvars[1] is copied to pvars[0] for some unknown reason!? The delete[] of pvars causes a double free of the same string then which ends in a heap corruption. Does anybody has an idea whats going on here? Is this a IE bug or is there a trick within the OCX Implementation that I'm missing? If I use the tag like: <script for="OCX" event="MessageReceived(id, json)" language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript"> window.onMessageReceivedFunc(windowId, json); </script> ... the strange copy operation does not occur. The following code also seem to be ok due to the fact that the caller of Fire_MessageReceived() is responsible for freeing the BSTRs. HRESULT Fire_MessageReceived(BSTR srcWindowId, BSTR json) { CComVariant varResult; T* pT = static_cast<T*>(this); int nConnectionIndex; VARIANT pvars[2]; int nConnections = m_vec.GetSize(); for (nConnectionIndex = 0; nConnectionIndex < nConnections; nConnectionIndex++) { pT->Lock(); CComPtr<IUnknown> sp = m_vec.GetAt(nConnectionIndex); pT->Unlock(); IDispatch* pDispatch = reinterpret_cast<IDispatch*>(sp.p); if (pDispatch != NULL) { VariantClear(&varResult); pvars[1].vt = VT_BSTR; pvars[1].bstrVal = srcWindowId; pvars[0].vt = VT_BSTR; pvars[0].bstrVal = json; DISPPARAMS disp = { pvars, NULL, 2, 0 }; pDispatch->Invoke(0x1, IID_NULL, LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_METHOD, &disp, &varResult, NULL, NULL); } } delete[] pvars; return varResult.scode; } Thanks!

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  • unsigned char* buffer (FreeType2 Bitmap) to System::Drawing::Bitmap.

    - by Dennis Roche
    Hi, I'm trying to convert a FreeType2 bitmap to a System::Drawing::Bitmap in C++/CLI. FT_Bitmap has a unsigned char* buffer that contains the data to write. I have got somewhat working save it disk as a *.tga, but when saving as *.bmp it renders incorrectly. I believe that the size of byte[] is incorrect and that my data is truncated. Any hints/tips/ideas on what is going on here would be greatly appreciated. Links to articles explaining byte layout and pixel formats etc. would be helpful. Thanks!! C++/CLI code. FT_Bitmap *bitmap = &face->glyph->bitmap; int width = (face->bitmap->metrics.width / 64); int height = (face->bitmap->metrics.height / 64); // must be aligned on a 32 bit boundary or 4 bytes int depth = 8; int stride = ((width * depth + 31) & ~31) >> 3; int bytes = (int)(stride * height); // as *.tga void *buffer = bytes ? malloc(bytes) : NULL; if (buffer) { memset(buffer, 0, bytes); for (int i = 0; i < glyph->rows; ++i) memcpy((char *)buffer + (i * width), glyph->buffer + (i * glyph->pitch), glyph->pitch); WriteTGA("Test.tga", buffer, width, height); } // as *.bmp array<Byte>^ values = gcnew array<Byte>(bytes); Marshal::Copy((IntPtr)glyph->buffer, values, 0, bytes); Bitmap^ systemBitmap = gcnew Bitmap(width, height, PixelFormat::Format24bppRgb); // create bitmap data, lock pixels to be written. BitmapData^ bitmapData = systemBitmap->LockBits(Rectangle(0, 0, width, height), ImageLockMode::WriteOnly, bitmap->PixelFormat); Marshal::Copy(values, 0, bitmapData->Scan0, bytes); systemBitmap->UnlockBits(bitmapData); systemBitmap->Save("Test.bmp"); Reference, FT_Bitmap typedef struct FT_Bitmap_ { int rows; int width; int pitch; unsigned char* buffer; short num_grays; char pixel_mode; char palette_mode; void* palette; } FT_Bitmap; Reference, WriteTGA bool WriteTGA(const char *filename, void *pxl, uint16 width, uint16 height) { FILE *fp = NULL; fopen_s(&fp, filename, "wb"); if (fp) { TGAHeader header; memset(&header, 0, sizeof(TGAHeader)); header.imageType = 3; header.width = width; header.height = height; header.depth = 8; header.descriptor = 0x20; fwrite(&header, sizeof(header), 1, fp); fwrite(pxl, sizeof(uint8) * width * height, 1, fp); fclose(fp); return true; } return false; } Update FT_Bitmap *bitmap = &face->glyph->bitmap; // stride must be aligned on a 32 bit boundary or 4 bytes int depth = 8; int stride = ((width * depth + 31) & ~31) >> 3; int bytes = (int)(stride * height); target = gcnew Bitmap(width, height, PixelFormat::Format8bppIndexed); // create bitmap data, lock pixels to be written. BitmapData^ bitmapData = target->LockBits(Rectangle(0, 0, width, height), ImageLockMode::WriteOnly, target->PixelFormat); array<Byte>^ values = gcnew array<Byte>(bytes); Marshal::Copy((IntPtr)bitmap->buffer, values, 0, bytes); Marshal::Copy(values, 0, bitmapData->Scan0, bytes); target->UnlockBits(bitmapData);

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  • Twitter Bootstrap modal spans, side-by-side divs and "control-group"?

    - by Federico Stango
    I'm trying my best to have a good looking modal login form but for some reasons it seems that no matter how I nest divs, I cannot obtain the proper shape. What I need is a big "lock" image side-by-side with a username/password form. The best I could do adds a horizontal scroller by the modal bottom and shows the input gadgets fairly distant from the image partly hidden on the right side of the modal canvas. Inspecting with FireBug it seems that the spans in row-fluid are ok but the "control-label" and "controls" class adds way too much space on the left by width (for the labels) and margin-left (for the controls). How would you solve it? Am I doing something wrong with divs and classes nesting? This is the current modal without the main wrapper as it gets added by some js code that loads modal contents through ajax: <form class="form-horizontal" id="login" name="login" method="post" action="<?php echo site_url('user/login'); ?>"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">&times;</button> <h3>Login</h3> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <?php if ( isset($error) ) { ?> <div class="row"> <div class="alert alert-error"> <strong>Warning!</strong> <?php echo $error; ?> </div> </div> <?php } ?> <div class="row-fluid"> <div class="span4"> <img src="skins/frontend/base/images/lock.png" width="96px" height="96px" /> </div> <div class="span8"> <div class="control-group"> <label class="control-label" for="email">Email</label> <div class="controls"><input type="text" placeholder="Type your email" id="email" name="email" /></div> <?php echo form_error('email', '<div id="error_email" class="alert alert-error">* ', '</div>'); ?> </div> <div class="control-group"> <label class="control-label" for="password">Password</label> <div class="controls"><input type="password" placeholder="Password" id="password" name="password" /></div> <?php echo form_error('password', '<div id="error_password" class="alert alert-error">* ', '</div>'); ?> </div> <div class="control-group"> <div class="controls"><label class="checkbox inline"><input type="checkbox" id="remember" name="remember" checked="checked" />&nbsp;Remember Me</label></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Login</button> </div> </form> Just don't take into account the php code you see... :) Thanks in advance for all the support you can give! Federico

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  • ASP.NET- using System.IO.File.Delete() to delete file(s) from directory inside wwwroot?

    - by Jim S
    Hello, I have a ASP.NET SOAP web service whose web method creates a PDF file, writes it to the "Download" directory of the applicaton, and returns the URL to the user. Code: //Create the map images (MapPrinter) and insert them on the PDF (PagePrinter). MemoryStream mstream = null; FileStream fs = null; try { //Create the memorystream storing the pdf created. mstream = pgPrinter.GenerateMapImage(); //Convert the memorystream to an array of bytes. byte[] byteArray = mstream.ToArray(); //return byteArray; //Save PDF file to site's Download folder with a unique name. System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder(Global.PhysicalDownloadPath); sb.Append("\\"); string fileName = Guid.NewGuid().ToString() + ".pdf"; sb.Append(fileName); string filePath = sb.ToString(); fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.CreateNew); fs.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length); string requestURI = this.Context.Request.Url.AbsoluteUri; string virtPath = requestURI.Remove(requestURI.IndexOf("Service.asmx")) + "Download/" + fileName; return virtPath; } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception("An error has occurred creating the map pdf.", ex); } finally { if (mstream != null) mstream.Close(); if (fs != null) fs.Close(); //Clean up resources if (pgPrinter != null) pgPrinter.Dispose(); } Then in the Global.asax file of the web service, I set up a Timer in the Application_Start event listener. In the Timer's ElapsedEvent listener I look for any files in the Download directory that are older than the Timer interval (for testing = 1 min., for deployment ~20 min.) and delete them. Code: //Interval to check for old files (milliseconds), also set to delete files older than now minus this interval. private static double deleteTimeInterval; private static System.Timers.Timer timer; //Physical path to Download folder. Everything in this folder will be checked for deletion. public static string PhysicalDownloadPath; void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { // Code that runs on application startup deleteTimeInterval = Convert.ToDouble(System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["FileDeleteInterval"]); //Create timer with interval (milliseconds) whose elapse event will trigger the delete of old files //in the Download directory. timer = new System.Timers.Timer(deleteTimeInterval); timer.Enabled = true; timer.AutoReset = true; timer.Elapsed += new System.Timers.ElapsedEventHandler(OnTimedEvent); PhysicalDownloadPath = System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironment.ApplicationPhysicalPath + "Download"; } private static void OnTimedEvent(object source, System.Timers.ElapsedEventArgs e) { //Delete the files older than the time interval in the Download folder. var folder = new System.IO.DirectoryInfo(PhysicalDownloadPath); System.IO.FileInfo[] files = folder.GetFiles(); foreach (var file in files) { if (file.CreationTime < DateTime.Now.AddMilliseconds(-deleteTimeInterval)) { string path = PhysicalDownloadPath + "\\" + file.Name; System.IO.File.Delete(path); } } } This works perfectly, with one exception. When I publish the web service application to inetpub\wwwroot (Windows 7, IIS7) it does not delete the old files in the Download directory. The app works perfect when I publish to IIS from a physical directory not in wwwroot. Obviously, it seems IIS places some sort of lock on files in the web root. I have tested impersonating an admin user to run the app and it still does not work. Any tips on how to circumvent the lock programmatically when in wwwroot? The client will probably want the app published to the root directory. Thank you very much.

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  • How can I get SQL Server transactions to use record-level locks?

    - by Joe White
    We have an application that was originally written as a desktop app, lo these many years ago. It starts a transaction whenever you open an edit screen, and commits if you click OK, or rolls back if you click Cancel. This worked okay for a desktop app, but now we're trying to move to ADO.NET and SQL Server, and the long-running transactions are problematic. I found that we'll have a problem when multiple users are all trying to edit (different subsets of) the same table at the same time. In our old database, each user's transaction would acquire record-level locks to every record they modified during their transaction; since different users were editing different records, everyone gets their own locks and everything works. But in SQL Server, as soon as one user edits a record inside a transaction, SQL Server appears to get a lock on the entire table. When a second user tries to edit a different record in the same table, the second user's app simply locks up, because the SqlConnection blocks until the first user either commits or rolls back. I'm aware that long-running transactions are bad, and I know that the best solution would be to change these screens so that they no longer keep transactions open for a long time. But since that would mean some invasive and risky changes, I also want to research whether there's a way to get this code up and running as-is, just so I know what my options are. How can I get two different users' transactions in SQL Server to lock individual records instead of the entire table? Here's a quick-and-dirty console app that illustrates the issue. I've created a database called "test1", with one table called "Values" that just has ID (int) and Value (nvarchar) columns. If you run the app, it asks for an ID to modify, starts a transaction, modifies that record, and then leaves the transaction open until you press ENTER. I want to be able to start the program and tell it to update ID 1; let it get its transaction and modify the record; start a second copy of the program and tell it to update ID 2; have it able to update (and commit) while the first app's transaction is still open. Currently it freezes at step 4, until I go back to the first copy of the app and close it or press ENTER so it commits. The call to command.ExecuteNonQuery blocks until the first connection is closed. public static void Main() { Console.Write("ID to update: "); var id = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine()); Console.WriteLine("Starting transaction"); using (var scope = new TransactionScope()) using (var connection = new SqlConnection(@"Data Source=localhost\sqlexpress;Initial Catalog=test1;Integrated Security=True")) { connection.Open(); var command = connection.CreateCommand(); command.CommandText = "UPDATE [Values] SET Value = 'Value' WHERE ID = " + id; Console.WriteLine("Updating record"); command.ExecuteNonQuery(); Console.Write("Press ENTER to end transaction: "); Console.ReadLine(); scope.Complete(); } } Here are some things I've already tried, with no change in behavior: Changing the transaction isolation level to "read uncommitted" Specifying a "WITH (ROWLOCK)" on the UPDATE statement

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  • Self-updating collection concurrency issues

    - by DEHAAS
    I am trying to build a self-updating collection. Each item in the collection has a position (x,y). When the position is changed, an event is fired, and the collection will relocate the item. Internally the collection is using a “jagged dictionary”. The outer dictionary uses the x-coordinate a key, while the nested dictionary uses the y-coordinate a key. The nested dictionary then has a list of items as value. The collection also maintains a dictionary to store the items position as stored in the nested dictionaries – item to stored location lookup. I am having some trouble making the collection thread safe, which I really need. Source code for the collection: public class PositionCollection<TItem, TCoordinate> : ICollection<TItem> where TItem : IPositionable<TCoordinate> where TCoordinate : struct, IConvertible { private readonly object itemsLock = new object(); private readonly Dictionary<TCoordinate, Dictionary<TCoordinate, List<TItem>>> items; private readonly Dictionary<TItem, Vector<TCoordinate>> storedPositionLookup; public PositionCollection() { this.items = new Dictionary<TCoordinate, Dictionary<TCoordinate, List<TItem>>>(); this.storedPositionLookup = new Dictionary<TItem, Vector<TCoordinate>>(); } public void Add(TItem item) { if (item.Position == null) { throw new ArgumentException("Item must have a valid position."); } lock (this.itemsLock) { if (!this.items.ContainsKey(item.Position.X)) { this.items.Add(item.Position.X, new Dictionary<TCoordinate, List<TItem>>()); } Dictionary<TCoordinate, List<TItem>> xRow = this.items[item.Position.X]; if (!xRow.ContainsKey(item.Position.Y)) { xRow.Add(item.Position.Y, new List<TItem>()); } xRow[item.Position.Y].Add(item); if (this.storedPositionLookup.ContainsKey(item)) { this.storedPositionLookup[item] = new Vector<TCoordinate>(item.Position); } else { this.storedPositionLookup.Add(item, new Vector<TCoordinate>(item.Position)); // Store a copy of the original position } item.Position.PropertyChanged += (object sender, PropertyChangedEventArgs eventArgs) => this.UpdatePosition(item, eventArgs.PropertyName); } } private void UpdatePosition(TItem item, string propertyName) { lock (this.itemsLock) { Vector<TCoordinate> storedPosition = this.storedPositionLookup[item]; this.RemoveAt(storedPosition, item); this.storedPositionLookup.Remove(item); } } } I have written a simple unit test to check for concurrency issues: [TestMethod] public void TestThreadedPositionChange() { PositionCollection<Crate, int> collection = new PositionCollection<Crate, int>(); Crate crate = new Crate(new Vector<int>(5, 5)); collection.Add(crate); Parallel.For(0, 100, new Action<int>((i) => crate.Position.X += 1)); Crate same = collection[105, 5].First(); Assert.AreEqual(crate, same); } The actual stored position varies every time I run the test. I appreciate any feedback you may have.

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  • mysql_close doesn't kill locked sql requests

    - by Nikita
    I use mysqld Ver 5.1.37-2-log for debian-linux-gnu I perform mysql calls from c++ code with functions mysql_query. The problem occurs when mysql_query execute procedure, procedure locked on locked table, so mysql_query hangs. If send kill signal to application then we can see lock until table is locked. Create the following SQL table and procedure CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `tabletolock` ( `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) )ENGINE = InnoDB; DELIMITER $$ DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `LOCK_PROCEDURE` $$ CREATE PROCEDURE `LOCK_PROCEDURE`() BEGIN SELECT id INTO @id FROM tabletolock; END $$ DELOMITER; There are sql commands to reproduce the problem: 1. in one terminal execute lock tables tabletolock write; 2. in another terminal execute call LOCK_PROCEDURE(); 3. In first terminal exeute show processlist and see | 2492 | root | localhost | syn_db | Query | 12 | Locked | SELECT id INTO @id FROM tabletolock | Then perfrom Ctrl-C in second terminal to interrupt our procudere and see processlist again. It is not changed, we already see locked select request and can teminate it by unlock tables or kill commands. Problem described is occured with mysql command line client. Also such problem exists when we use functions mysql_query and mysql_close. Example of c code: #include <iostream> #include <mysql/mysql.h> #include <mysql/errmsg.h> #include <signal.h> // g++ -Wall -g -fPIC -lmysqlclient dbtest.cpp using namespace std; MYSQL * connection = NULL; void closeconnection() { if(connection != NULL) { cout << "close connection !\n"; mysql_close(connection); mysql_thread_end(); delete connection; mysql_library_end(); } } void sigkill(int s) { closeconnection(); signal(SIGINT, NULL); raise(s); } int main(int argc, char ** argv) { signal(SIGINT, sigkill); connection = new MYSQL; mysql_init(connection); mysql_options(connection, MYSQL_READ_DEFAULT_GROUP, "nnfc"); if (!mysql_real_connect(connection, "127.0.0.1", "user", "password", "db", 3306, NULL, CLIENT_MULTI_RESULTS)) { delete connection; cout << "cannot connect\n"; return -1; } cout << "before procedure call\n"; mysql_query(connection, "CALL LOCK_PROCEDURE();"); cout << "after procedure call\n"; closeconnection(); return 0; } Compile it, and perform the folloing actions: 1. in first terminal local tables tabletolock write; 2. run program ./a.out 3. interrupt program Ctrl-C. on the screen we see that closeconnection function is called, so connection is closed. 4. in first terminal execute show processlist and see that procedure was not intrrupted. My question is how to terminate such locked calls from c code? Thank you in advance!

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  • Using VBA / Macro to highlight changes in excel

    - by Zaj
    I have a spread sheet that I send out to various locations to have information on it updated and then sent back to me. However, I had to put validation and lock the cells to force users to input accurate information. Then I can to use VBA to disable the work around of cut copy and paste functions. And additionally I inserted a VBA function to force users to open the excel file in Macros. Now I'm trying to track the changes so that I know what was updated when I recieve the sheet back. However everytime i do this I get an error when someone savesthe document and randomly it will lock me out of the document completely. I have my code pasted below, can some one help me create code in the VBA forum to highlight changes instead of through excel's share/track changes option? ThisWorkbook (Code): Option Explicit Const WelcomePage = "Macros" Private Sub Workbook_BeforeClose(Cancel As Boolean) Call ToggleCutCopyAndPaste(True) 'Turn off events to prevent unwanted loops Application.EnableEvents = False 'Evaluate if workbook is saved and emulate default propmts With ThisWorkbook If Not .Saved Then Select Case MsgBox("Do you want to save the changes you made to '" & .Name & "'?", _ vbYesNoCancel + vbExclamation) Case Is = vbYes 'Call customized save routine Call CustomSave Case Is = vbNo 'Do not save Case Is = vbCancel 'Set up procedure to cancel close Cancel = True End Select End If 'If Cancel was clicked, turn events back on and cancel close, 'otherwise close the workbook without saving further changes If Not Cancel = True Then .Saved = True Application.EnableEvents = True .Close savechanges:=False Else Application.EnableEvents = True End If End With End Sub Private Sub Workbook_BeforeSave(ByVal SaveAsUI As Boolean, Cancel As Boolean) 'Turn off events to prevent unwanted loops Application.EnableEvents = False 'Call customized save routine and set workbook's saved property to true '(To cancel regular saving) Call CustomSave(SaveAsUI) Cancel = True 'Turn events back on an set saved property to true Application.EnableEvents = True ThisWorkbook.Saved = True End Sub Private Sub Workbook_Open() Call ToggleCutCopyAndPaste(False) 'Unhide all worksheets Application.ScreenUpdating = False Call ShowAllSheets Application.ScreenUpdating = True End Sub Private Sub CustomSave(Optional SaveAs As Boolean) Dim ws As Worksheet, aWs As Worksheet, newFname As String 'Turn off screen flashing Application.ScreenUpdating = False 'Record active worksheet Set aWs = ActiveSheet 'Hide all sheets Call HideAllSheets 'Save workbook directly or prompt for saveas filename If SaveAs = True Then newFname = Application.GetSaveAsFilename( _ fileFilter:="Excel Files (*.xls), *.xls") If Not newFname = "False" Then ThisWorkbook.SaveAs newFname Else ThisWorkbook.Save End If 'Restore file to where user was Call ShowAllSheets aWs.Activate 'Restore screen updates Application.ScreenUpdating = True End Sub Private Sub HideAllSheets() 'Hide all worksheets except the macro welcome page Dim ws As Worksheet Worksheets(WelcomePage).Visible = xlSheetVisible For Each ws In ThisWorkbook.Worksheets If Not ws.Name = WelcomePage Then ws.Visible = xlSheetVeryHidden Next ws Worksheets(WelcomePage).Activate End Sub Private Sub ShowAllSheets() 'Show all worksheets except the macro welcome page Dim ws As Worksheet For Each ws In ThisWorkbook.Worksheets If Not ws.Name = WelcomePage Then ws.Visible = xlSheetVisible Next ws Worksheets(WelcomePage).Visible = xlSheetVeryHidden End Sub Private Sub Workbook_Activate() Call ToggleCutCopyAndPaste(False) End Sub Private Sub Workbook_Deactivate() Call ToggleCutCopyAndPaste(True) End Sub This is in my ModuleCode: Option Explicit Sub ToggleCutCopyAndPaste(Allow As Boolean) 'Activate/deactivate cut, copy, paste and pastespecial menu items Call EnableMenuItem(21, Allow) ' cut Call EnableMenuItem(19, Allow) ' copy Call EnableMenuItem(22, Allow) ' paste Call EnableMenuItem(755, Allow) ' pastespecial 'Activate/deactivate drag and drop ability Application.CellDragAndDrop = Allow 'Activate/deactivate cut, copy, paste and pastespecial shortcut keys With Application Select Case Allow Case Is = False .OnKey "^c", "CutCopyPasteDisabled" .OnKey "^v", "CutCopyPasteDisabled" .OnKey "^x", "CutCopyPasteDisabled" .OnKey "+{DEL}", "CutCopyPasteDisabled" .OnKey "^{INSERT}", "CutCopyPasteDisabled" Case Is = True .OnKey "^c" .OnKey "^v" .OnKey "^x" .OnKey "+{DEL}" .OnKey "^{INSERT}" End Select End With End Sub Sub EnableMenuItem(ctlId As Integer, Enabled As Boolean) 'Activate/Deactivate specific menu item Dim cBar As CommandBar Dim cBarCtrl As CommandBarControl For Each cBar In Application.CommandBars If cBar.Name <> "Clipboard" Then Set cBarCtrl = cBar.FindControl(ID:=ctlId, recursive:=True) If Not cBarCtrl Is Nothing Then cBarCtrl.Enabled = Enabled End If Next End Sub Sub CutCopyPasteDisabled() 'Inform user that the functions have been disabled MsgBox " Cutting, copying and pasting have been disabled in this workbook. Please hard key in data. " End Sub

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  • C# Alternating threads

    - by Mutoh
    Imagine a situation in which there are one king and n number of minions submissed to him. When the king says "One!", one of the minions says "Two!", but only one of them. That is, only the fastest minion speaks while the others must wait for another call of the king. This is my try: using System; using System.Threading; class Program { static bool leaderGO = false; void Leader() { do { lock(this) { //Console.WriteLine("? {0}", leaderGO); if (leaderGO) Monitor.Wait(this); Console.WriteLine("> One!"); Thread.Sleep(200); leaderGO = true; Monitor.Pulse(this); } } while(true); } void Follower (char chant) { do { lock(this) { //Console.WriteLine("! {0}", leaderGO); if (!leaderGO) Monitor.Wait(this); Console.WriteLine("{0} Two!", chant); leaderGO = false; Monitor.Pulse(this); } } while(true); } static void Main() { Console.WriteLine("Go!\n"); Program m = new Program(); Thread king = new Thread(() => m.Leader()); Thread minion1 = new Thread(() => m.Follower('#')); Thread minion2 = new Thread(() => m.Follower('$')); king.Start(); minion1.Start(); minion2.Start(); Console.ReadKey(); king.Abort(); minion1.Abort(); minion2.Abort(); } } The expected output would be this (# and $ representing the two different minions): > One! # Two! > One! $ Two! > One! $ Two! ... The order in which they'd appear doesn't matter, it'd be random. The problem, however, is that this code, when compiled, produces this instead: > One! # Two! $ Two! > One! # Two! > One! $ Two! # Two! ... That is, more than one minion speaks at the same time. This would cause quite the tumult with even more minions, and a king shoudln't allow a meddling of this kind. What would be a possible solution?

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  • SharpDX: Render to bitmap using Direct2D 1.1

    - by mwhouser
    I have a command line application that I am currently using SharpDX (Direct2D 1.0) to render to PNG files. This is a window-less application. It's currently creating a SharpDX.WIC.WicBitmap, a WicRenderTarget, then rendering to that. I then save the WicBitmap to the PNG file. For various reasons, I need to migrate to Direct2D 1.1 to take advantage of some of the effects available in 1.1. I'm trying to get a SharpDX.Direct2D1.Bitmap that I can save as PNG. I cannot use FromWicBitmap because that copies the bitmap, it does not share it. I see CreateSharedBitmap in the Direct2D1 API that takes a IWICBitmapLock. However, I do not see this implemented as a constructor of SharpDX.Direct2D.Bitmap. This is what I'm trying to do: // Bunch of setup var d2dDevice = new SharpDX.Direct2D1.Device(dxgiDevice); var d2dDeviceContext = new SharpDX.Direct2D1.DeviceContext(d2dDevice, SharpDX.Direct2D1.DeviceContextOptions.None); using (var wicFactory = new SharpDX.WIC.ImagingFactory()) { using (SharpDX.WIC.Bitmap wicBitmap = new SharpDX.WIC.Bitmap(wicFactory, 500, 500, SharpDX.WIC.PixelFormat.Format32bppPBGRA, SharpDX.WIC.BitmapCreateCacheOption.CacheOnDemand)) { var wicLock = wicBitmap.Lock(SharpDX.WIC.BitmapLockFlags.Write); var props = new SharpDX.Direct2D1.BitmapProperties1(); props.BitmapOptions = SharpDX.Direct2D1.BitmapOptions.Target; var bitmap = new SharpDX.Direct2D1.Bitmap1(d2dDeviceContext, wicLock, props); // This is not available d2dDeviceContext.Target = bitmap; // Do the drawing // Save the PNG } } Is there a way to do what I'm trying to accomplish?

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  • Oracle Announces Oracle Cloud Office and Oracle Open Office 3.3

    - by Paulo Folgado
    Oracle today introduced Oracle Cloud Office and Oracle Open Office 3.3, two complete, open standards-based office productivity suites for the desktop, web and mobile devices - helping users significantly improve productivity, reduce costs and achieve greater innovation across the enterprise.Oracle Cloud Office 1.0 is a web and mobile office suite that enables web 2.0-style collaboration and mobile document access. Compatibility with Microsoft Office and integration with Oracle Open Office enable rich and seamless offline editing of complex presentations, text and spreadsheet documents. Oracle Open Office 3.3 includes new enterprise connectors to Oracle Business Intelligence, Oracle E-Business Suite, other Oracle Applications and Microsoft Sharepoint, to allow for fast, seamless integration into existing enterprise software stacks. In addition, it adds increased stability, compatibility and performance at up to five times lower license cost compared to Microsoft Office. Based on the Open Document Format (ODF) and open web standards, Oracle Office enables users to share files on any system as it is compatible with both legacy Microsoft Office documents and modern web 2.0 publishing. The Oracle Office APIs and open standards-based approach provides IT users with flexibility, lower short and long-term costs and freedom from vendor lock-in - enabling organizations to build a complete Open Standard Office Stack. If you're interested to learn more, read our today's press release or visit oracle.com/office.

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  • Oracle Announces Oracle Cloud Office and Oracle Open Office 3.3

    - by Harald Behnke
    Oracle today introduced Oracle Cloud Office and Oracle Open Office 3.3, two complete, open standards-based office productivity suites for the desktop, web and mobile devices - helping users significantly improve productivity, reduce costs and achieve greater innovation across the enterprise.(View image)Oracle Cloud Office 1.0 is a web and mobile office suite that enables web 2.0-style collaboration and mobile document access. Compatibility with Microsoft Office and integration with Oracle Open Office enable rich and seamless offline editing of complex presentations, text and spreadsheet documents. Oracle Open Office 3.3 includes new enterprise connectors to Oracle Business Intelligence, Oracle E-Business Suite, other Oracle Applications and Microsoft Sharepoint, to allow for fast, seamless integration into existing enterprise software stacks. In addition, it adds increased stability, compatibility and performance at up to five times lower license cost compared to Microsoft Office. Based on the Open Document Format (ODF) and open web standards, Oracle Office enables users to share files on any system as it is compatible with both legacy Microsoft Office documents and modern web 2.0 publishing. The Oracle Office APIs and open standards-based approach provides IT users with flexibility, lower short and long-term costs and freedom from vendor lock-in - enabling organizations to build a complete Open Standard Office Stack. If you're interested to learn more, read our today's press release or visit oracle.com/office.

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  • PowerShell Script to Deploy Multiple VM on Azure in Parallel #azure #powershell

    - by Marco Russo (SQLBI)
    This blog is usually dedicated to Business Intelligence and SQL Server, but I didn’t found easily on the web simple PowerShell scripts to help me deploying a number of virtual machines on Azure that I use for testing and development. Since I need to deploy, start, stop and remove many virtual machines created from a common image I created (you know, Tabular is not part of the standard images provided by Microsoft…), I wanted to minimize the time required to execute every operation from my Windows Azure PowerShell console (but I suggest you using Windows PowerShell ISE), so I also wanted to fire the commands as soon as possible in parallel, without losing the result in the console. In order to execute multiple commands in parallel, I used the Start-Job cmdlet, and using Get-Job and Receive-Job I wait for job completion and display the messages generated during background command execution. This technique allows me to reduce execution time when I have to deploy, start, stop or remove virtual machines. Please note that a few operations on Azure acquire an exclusive lock and cannot be really executed in parallel, but only one part of their execution time is subject to this lock. Thus, you obtain a better response time also in these scenarios (this is the case of the provisioning of a new VM). Finally, when you remove the VMs you still have the disk containing the virtual machine to remove. This cannot be done just after the VM removal, because you have to wait that the removal operation is completed on Azure. So I wrote a script that you have to run a few minutes after VMs removal and delete disks (and VHD) no longer related to a VM. I just check that the disk were associated to the original image name used to provision the VMs (so I don’t remove other disks deployed by other batches that I might want to preserve). These examples are specific for my scenario, if you need more complex configurations you have to change and adapt the code. But if your need is to create multiple instances of the same VM running in a workgroup, these scripts should be good enough. I prepared the following PowerShell scripts: ProvisionVMs: Provision many VMs in parallel starting from the same image. It creates one service for each VM. RemoveVMs: Remove all the VMs in parallel – it also remove the service created for the VM StartVMs: Starts all the VMs in parallel StopVMs: Stops all the VMs in parallel RemoveOrphanDisks: Remove all the disks no longer used by any VMs. Run this script a few minutes after RemoveVMs script. ProvisionVMs # Name of subscription $SubscriptionName = "Copy the SubscriptionName property you get from Get-AzureSubscription"   # Name of storage account (where VMs will be deployed) $StorageAccount = "Copy the Label property you get from Get-AzureStorageAccount"   function ProvisionVM( [string]$VmName ) {     Start-Job -ArgumentList $VmName {         param($VmName) $Location = "Copy the Location property you get from Get-AzureStorageAccount" $InstanceSize = "A5" # You can use any other instance, such as Large, A6, and so on $AdminUsername = "UserName" # Write the name of the administrator account in the new VM $Password = "Password"      # Write the password of the administrator account in the new VM $Image = "Copy the ImageName property you get from Get-AzureVMImage" # You can list your own images using the following command: # Get-AzureVMImage | Where-Object {$_.PublisherName -eq "User" }         New-AzureVMConfig -Name $VmName -ImageName $Image -InstanceSize $InstanceSize |             Add-AzureProvisioningConfig -Windows -Password $Password -AdminUsername $AdminUsername|             New-AzureVM -Location $Location -ServiceName "$VmName" -Verbose     } }   # Set the proper storage - you might remove this line if you have only one storage in the subscription Set-AzureSubscription -SubscriptionName $SubscriptionName -CurrentStorageAccount $StorageAccount   # Select the subscription - this line is fundamental if you have access to multiple subscription # You might remove this line if you have only one subscription Select-AzureSubscription -SubscriptionName $SubscriptionName   # Every line in the following list provisions one VM using the name specified in the argument # You can change the number of lines - use a unique name for every VM - don't reuse names # already used in other VMs already deployed ProvisionVM "test10" ProvisionVM "test11" ProvisionVM "test12" ProvisionVM "test13" ProvisionVM "test14" ProvisionVM "test15" ProvisionVM "test16" ProvisionVM "test17" ProvisionVM "test18" ProvisionVM "test19" ProvisionVM "test20"   # Wait for all to complete While (Get-Job -State "Running") {     Get-Job -State "Completed" | Receive-Job     Start-Sleep 1 }   # Display output from all jobs Get-Job | Receive-Job   # Cleanup of jobs Remove-Job *   # Displays batch completed echo "Provisioning VM Completed" RemoveVMs # Name of subscription $SubscriptionName = "Copy the SubscriptionName property you get from Get-AzureSubscription"   function RemoveVM( [string]$VmName ) {     Start-Job -ArgumentList $VmName {         param($VmName)         Remove-AzureService -ServiceName $VmName -Force -Verbose     } }   # Select the subscription - this line is fundamental if you have access to multiple subscription # You might remove this line if you have only one subscription Select-AzureSubscription -SubscriptionName $SubscriptionName   # Every line in the following list remove one VM using the name specified in the argument # You can change the number of lines - use a unique name for every VM - don't reuse names # already used in other VMs already deployed RemoveVM "test10" RemoveVM "test11" RemoveVM "test12" RemoveVM "test13" RemoveVM "test14" RemoveVM "test15" RemoveVM "test16" RemoveVM "test17" RemoveVM "test18" RemoveVM "test19" RemoveVM "test20"   # Wait for all to complete While (Get-Job -State "Running") {     Get-Job -State "Completed" | Receive-Job     Start-Sleep 1 }   # Display output from all jobs Get-Job | Receive-Job   # Cleanup Remove-Job *   # Displays batch completed echo "Remove VM Completed" StartVMs # Name of subscription $SubscriptionName = "Copy the SubscriptionName property you get from Get-AzureSubscription"   function StartVM( [string]$VmName ) {     Start-Job -ArgumentList $VmName {         param($VmName)         Start-AzureVM -Name $VmName -ServiceName $VmName -Verbose     } }   # Select the subscription - this line is fundamental if you have access to multiple subscription # You might remove this line if you have only one subscription Select-AzureSubscription -SubscriptionName $SubscriptionName   # Every line in the following list starts one VM using the name specified in the argument # You can change the number of lines - use a unique name for every VM - don't reuse names # already used in other VMs already deployed StartVM "test10" StartVM "test11" StartVM "test11" StartVM "test12" StartVM "test13" StartVM "test14" StartVM "test15" StartVM "test16" StartVM "test17" StartVM "test18" StartVM "test19" StartVM "test20"   # Wait for all to complete While (Get-Job -State "Running") {     Get-Job -State "Completed" | Receive-Job     Start-Sleep 1 }   # Display output from all jobs Get-Job | Receive-Job   # Cleanup Remove-Job *   # Displays batch completed echo "Start VM Completed"   StopVMs # Name of subscription $SubscriptionName = "Copy the SubscriptionName property you get from Get-AzureSubscription"   function StopVM( [string]$VmName ) {     Start-Job -ArgumentList $VmName {         param($VmName)         Stop-AzureVM -Name $VmName -ServiceName $VmName -Verbose -Force     } }   # Select the subscription - this line is fundamental if you have access to multiple subscription # You might remove this line if you have only one subscription Select-AzureSubscription -SubscriptionName $SubscriptionName   # Every line in the following list stops one VM using the name specified in the argument # You can change the number of lines - use a unique name for every VM - don't reuse names # already used in other VMs already deployed StopVM "test10" StopVM "test11" StopVM "test12" StopVM "test13" StopVM "test14" StopVM "test15" StopVM "test16" StopVM "test17" StopVM "test18" StopVM "test19" StopVM "test20"   # Wait for all to complete While (Get-Job -State "Running") {     Get-Job -State "Completed" | Receive-Job     Start-Sleep 1 }   # Display output from all jobs Get-Job | Receive-Job   # Cleanup Remove-Job *   # Displays batch completed echo "Stop VM Completed" RemoveOrphanDisks $Image = "Copy the ImageName property you get from Get-AzureVMImage" # You can list your own images using the following command: # Get-AzureVMImage | Where-Object {$_.PublisherName -eq "User" }   # Remove all orphan disks coming from the image specified in $ImageName Get-AzureDisk |     Where-Object {$_.attachedto -eq $null -and $_.SourceImageName -eq $ImageName} |     Remove-AzureDisk -DeleteVHD -Verbose  

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  • Parallelism in .NET – Introduction

    - by Reed
    Parallel programming is something that every professional developer should understand, but is rarely discussed or taught in detail in a formal manner.  Software users are no longer content with applications that lock up the user interface regularly, or take large amounts of time to process data unnecessarily.  Modern development requires the use of parallelism.  There is no longer any excuses for us as developers. Learning to write parallel software is challenging.  It requires more than reading that one chapter on parallelism in our programming language book of choice… Today’s systems are no longer getting faster with each generation; in many cases, newer computers are actually slower than previous generation systems.  Modern hardware is shifting towards conservation of power, with processing scalability coming from having multiple computer cores, not faster and faster CPUs.  Our CPU frequencies no longer double on a regular basis, but Moore’s Law is still holding strong.  Now, however, instead of scaling transistors in order to make processors faster, hardware manufacturers are scaling the transistors in order to add more discrete hardware processing threads to the system. This changes how we should think about software.  In order to take advantage of modern systems, we need to redesign and rewrite our algorithms to work in parallel.  As with any design domain, it helps tremendously to have a common language, as well as a common set of patterns and tools. For .NET developers, this is an exciting time for parallel programming.  Version 4 of the .NET Framework is adding the Task Parallel Library.  This has been back-ported to .NET 3.5sp1 as part of the Reactive Extensions for .NET, and is available for use today in both .NET 3.5 and .NET 4.0 beta. In order to fully utilize the Task Parallel Library and parallelism, both in .NET 4 and previous versions, we need to understand the proper terminology.  For this series, I will provide an introduction to some of the basic concepts in parallelism, and relate them to the tools available in .NET.

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  • SQL Server and Hyper-V Dynamic Memory Part 2

    - by SQLOS Team
    Part 1 of this series was an introduction and overview of Hyper-V Dynamic Memory. This part looks at SQL Server memory management and how the SQL engine responds to changing OS memory conditions.   Part 2: SQL Server Memory Management As with any Windows process, sqlserver.exe has a virtual address space (VAS) of 4GB on 32-bit and 8TB in 64-bit editions. Pages in its VAS are mapped to pages in physical memory when the memory is committed and referenced for the first time. The collection of VAS pages that have been recently referenced is known as the Working Set. How and when SQL Server allocates virtual memory and grows its working set depends on the memory model it uses. SQL Server supports three basic memory models:   1. Conventional Memory Model   The Conventional model is the default SQL Server memory model and has the following properties: - Dynamic - can grow or shrink its working set in response to load and external (operating system) memory conditions. - OS uses 4K pages – (not to be confused with SQL Server “pages” which are 8K regions of committed memory).- Pageable - Can be paged out to disk by the operating system.   2. Locked Page Model The locked page memory model is set when SQL Server is started with "Lock Pages in Memory" privilege*. It has the following characteristics: - Dynamic - can grow or shrink its working set in the same way as the Conventional model.- OS uses 4K pages - Non-Pageable – When memory is committed it is locked in memory, meaning that it will remain backed by physical memory and will not be paged out by the operating system. A common misconception is to interpret "locked" as non-dynamic. A SQL Server instance using the locked page memory model will grow and shrink (allocate memory and release memory) in response to changing workload and OS memory conditions in the same way as it does with the conventional model.   This is an important consideration when we look at Hyper-V Dynamic Memory – “locked” memory works perfectly well with “dynamic” memory.   * Note in “Denali” (Standard Edition and above), and in SQL 2008 R2 64-bit (Enterprise and above editions) the Lock Pages in Memory privilege is all that is required to set this model. In 2008 R2 64-Bit standard edition it also requires trace flag 845 to be set, in 2008 R2 32-bit editions it requires sp_configure 'awe enabled' 1.   3. Large Page Model The Large page model is set using trace flag 834 and potentially offers a small performance boost for systems that are configured with large pages. It is characterized by: - Static - memory is allocated at startup and does not change. - OS uses large (>2MB) pages - Non-Pageable The large page model is supported with Hyper-V Dynamic Memory (and Hyper-V also supports large pages), but you get no benefit from using Dynamic Memory with this model since SQL Server memory does not grow or shrink. The rest of this article will focus on the locked and conventional SQL Server memory models.   When does SQL Server grow? For “dynamic” configurations (Conventional and Locked memory models), the sqlservr.exe process grows – allocates and commits memory from the OS – in response to a workload. As much memory is allocated as is required to optimally run the query and buffer data for future queries, subject to limitations imposed by:   - SQL Server max server memory setting. If this configuration option is set, the buffer pool is not allowed to grow to more than this value. In SQL Server 2008 this value represents single page allocations, and in “Denali” it represents any size page allocations and also managed CLR procedure allocations.   - Memory signals from OS. The operating system sets a signal on memory resource notification objects to indicate whether it has memory available or whether it is low on available memory. If there is only 32MB free for every 4GB of memory a low memory signal is set, which continues until 64MB/4GB is free. If there is 96MB/4GB free the operating system sets a high memory signal. SQL Server only allocates memory when the high memory signal is set.   To summarize, for SQL Server to grow you need three conditions: a workload, max server memory setting higher than the current allocation, high memory signals from the OS.    When does SQL Server shrink caches? SQL Server as a rule does not like to return memory to the OS, but it will shrink its caches in response to memory pressure. Memory pressure can be divided into “internal” and “external”.   - External memory pressure occurs when the operating system is running low on memory and low memory signals are set. The SQL Server Resource Monitor checks for low memory signals approximately every 5 seconds and it will attempt to free memory until the signals stop.   To free memory SQL Server does the following: ·         Frees unused memory. ·         Notifies Memory Manager Clients to release memory o   Caches – Free unreferenced cache objects. o   Buffer pool - Based on oldest access times.   The freed memory is released back to the operating system. This process continues until the low memory resource notifications stop.    - Internal memory pressure occurs when the size of different caches and allocations increase but the SQL Server process needs to keep its total memory within a target value. For example if max server memory is set and certain caches are growing large, it will cause SQL to free memory for re-use internally, but not to release memory back to the OS. If you lower the value of max server memory you will generate internal memory pressure that will cause SQL to release memory back to the OS.    Memory pressure handling has not changed much since SQL 2005 and it was described in detail in a blog post by Slava Oks.   Note that SQL Server Express is an exception to the above behavior. Unlike other editions it does not assume it is the most important process running on the system but tries to be more “desktop” friendly. It will empty its working set after a period of inactivity.   How does SQL Server respond to changing OS memory?    In SQL Server 2005 support for Hot-Add memory was introduced. This feature, available in Enterprise and above editions, allows the server to make use of any extra physical memory that was added after SQL Server started. Being able to add physical memory when the system is running is limited to specialized hardware, but with the Hyper-V Dynamic Memory feature, when new memory is allocated to a guest virtual machine, it looks like hot-add physical memory to the guest. What this means is that thanks to the hot-add memory feature, SQL Server 2005 and higher can dynamically grow if more “physical” memory is granted to a guest VM by Hyper-V dynamic memory.   SQL Server checks OS memory every second and dynamically adjusts its “target” (based on available OS memory and max server memory) accordingly.   In “Denali” Standard Edition will also have sqlserver.exe support for hot-add memory when running virtualized (i.e. detecting and acting on Hyper-V Dynamic Memory allocations).   How does a SQL Server workload in a guest VM impact Hyper-V dynamic memory scheduling?   When a SQL workload causes the sqlserver.exe process to grow its working set, the Hyper-V memory scheduler will detect memory pressure in the guest VM and add memory to it. SQL Server will then detect the extra memory and grow according to workload demand. In our tests we have seen this feedback process cause a guest VM to grow quickly in response to SQL workload - we are still working on characterizing this ramp-up.    How does SQL Server respond when Hyper-V removes memory from a guest VM through ballooning?   If pressure from other VM's cause Hyper-V Dynamic Memory to take memory away from a VM through ballooning (allocating memory with a virtual device driver and returning it to the host OS), Windows Memory Manager will page out unlocked portions of memory and signal low resource notification events. When SQL Server detects these events it will shrink memory until the low memory notifications stop (see cache shrinking description above).    This raises another question. Can we make SQL Server release memory more readily and hence behave more "dynamically" without compromising performance? In certain circumstances where the application workload is predictable it may be possible to have a job which varies "max server memory" according to need, lowering it when the engine is inactive and raising it before a period of activity. This would have limited applicaability but it is something we're looking into.   What Memory Management changes are there in SQL Server “Denali”?   In SQL Server “Denali” (aka SQL11) the Memory Manager has been re-written to be more efficient. The main changes are summarized in this post. An important change with respect to Hyper-V Dynamic Memory support is that now the max server memory setting includes any size page allocations and managed CLR procedure allocations it now represents a closer approximation to total sqlserver.exe memory usage. This makes it easier to calculate a value for max server memory, which becomes important when configuring virtual machines to work well with Hyper-V Dynamic Memory Startup and Maximum RAM settings.   Another important change is no more AWE or hot-add support for 32-bit edition. This means if you're running a 32-bit edition of Denali you're limited to a 4GB address space and will not be able to take advantage of dynamically added OS memory that wasn't present when SQL Server started (though Hyper-V Dynamic Memory is still a supported configuration).   In part 3 we’ll develop some best practices for configuring and using SQL Server with Dynamic Memory. Originally posted at http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqlosteam/

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