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• Was API hooking done as needed for Stuxnet to work? I don't think so

  - by The Kaykay

  Caveat: I am a political science student and I have tried my level best to understand the technicalities; if I still sound naive please overlook that. In the Symantec report on Stuxnet, the authors say that once the worm infects the 32-bit Windows computer which has a WINCC setup on it, Stuxnet does many things and that it specifically hooks the function CreateFileA(). This function is the route which the worm uses to actually infect the .s7p project files that are used to program the PLCs. ie when the PLC programmer opens a file with .s7p the control transfers to the hooked function CreateFileA_hook() instead of CreateFileA(). Once Stuxnet gains the control it covertly inserts code blocks into the PLC without the programmers knowledge and hides it from his view. However, it should be noted that there is also one more function called CreateFileW() which does the same task as CreateFileA() but both work on different character sets. CreateFileA works with ASCII character set and CreateFileW works with wide characters or Unicode character set. Farsi (the language of the Iranians) is a language that needs unicode character set and not ASCII Characters. I'm assuming that the developers of any famous commercial software (for ex. WinCC) that will be sold in many countries will take 'Localization' and/or 'Internationalization' into consideration while it is being developed in order to make the product fail-safe ie. the software developers would use UNICODE while compiling their code and not just 'ASCII'. Thus, I think that CreateFileW() would have been invoked on a WINCC system in Iran instead of CreateFileA(). Do you agree? My question is: If Stuxnet has hooked only the function CreateFileA() then based on the above assumption there is a significant chance that it did not work at all? I think my doubt will get clarified if: my assumption is proved wrong, or the Symantec report is proved incorrect. Please help me clarify this doubt. Note: I had posted this question on the general stackexchange website and did not get appropriate responses that I was looking for so I'm posting it here.

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• Perfomance of 8 bit operations on 64 bit architechture

  - by wobbily_col

  I am usually a Python / Database programmer, and I am considering using C for a problem. I have a set of sequences, 8 characters long with 4 possible characters. My problem involves combining sets of these sequences and filtering which sets match a criteria. The combinations of 5 run into billions of rows and takes around an hour to run. So I can represent each sequence as 2 bytes. If I am working on a 64 bit architechture will I gain any advantage by keeping these data structures as 2 bytes when I generate the combinations, or will I be as well storing them as 8 bytes / double ? (64 bit = 8 x 8) If I am on a 64 bit architecture, all registers will be 64 bit, so in terms of operations that shouldn´t be any faster (please correct me if I am wrong). Will I gain anything from the smaller storage requirements - can I fit more combinations in memory, or will they all take up 64 bits anyway? And finally, am I likley to gain anything coding in C. I have a first version, which stores the sequence as a small int in a MySQL database. It then self joins the tabe to itself a number of times in order to generate all the possible combinations. The performance is acceptable, depending on how many combinations are generated. I assume the database must involve some overhead.

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• What are some Java patterns well-suited for fast, algorithmic coding?

  - by Casey Chu

  I'm in college, and I've recently started competing in programming competitions with my friends. These competitions involve solving algorithmic problems quickly. It's a lot of fun, but there's one problem: I'm forced to use Java. (My teammates use Java.) Background: I'm a self-taught JavaScript programmer, and it hurts to write Java code. I find it very verbose and inflexible, and I feel slowed down when having to declare types and decide which of the eighty list data structure to use. I'm also frustrated about the lack of functional programming features and how verbose using regular expressions, arrays, and dictionaries are. As an example, consider the problem of finding the length of the longest string of consecutive characters in a given string. So the string XX22BBBBccXX222 would give 4, for the string of four Bs. In Java, I'd have to loop through and manually count characters and manually keep track of the maximum. (That's at least as far as I'm aware -- I'm not as familiar with Java as I am with JavaScript.) In JavaScript, I'd find it like this: var max = Math.max.apply(Math, str.match(/(.)\1*/g).map(function (s) { return s.length; })); Much quicker and simpler, in my book. The question: what are some Java features, techniques, or patterns well-suited for fast, algorithmic coding?

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• BI Publisher : Formatting Issues

  - by Manoj Madhusoodanan

  While creating BI Publisher reports the formatting issues are quite common.Here I am discussing some common issues related to BIP report development. 1) First issue is related to column formatting.When you want to display some data which has leading zeros or trailing zeros after '.' in EXCEL output you will not get the desired output.But in PDF it will come as what you are expecting.This is not with the issue of your data. This is due to the unique nature of EXCEL cell format.When you are trying to put a text data in a cell with out making any change to cell format it will treat as number and it will truncate all leading zeros and all trailing zeros after '.' . So what you have to do is to convert that data into a format which EXCEL can treat as text. Eg: If you want to display 0020100 convert this data into ="0020100". Same way for 23789.02300 to ="23789.02300".   Note: This is applicable to EXCEL output only.If you have multiple output type apply it only for EXCEL. 2) Second is related to report size issue in PDF output type.If the number of columns are more and if you want to show most of the columns in one row andif it is a PDF output you can choose the paper size as Legal (8.5 x 14''). You will get more spaces in the template to accommodate more columns. 3) If your XML data contains special characters like &,<,> etc ..  pass the data to DBMS_XMLGEN.CONVERT function.It will replace special characters with corresponding XML notations. Eg: (a>b) & (c!=d) to  (a&gt;b) &amp; (c!=d)

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• Working with documents and SharePoint - Best practices

  - by KunaalKapoor

  Follow these simple guidelines to make collaboration using SharePoint easier:1. File Name:While it is allowed to use spaces in your filename (and maybe it seems even logical to do so), don’t use them if your file will end up (or is born on) SharePoint. When you use the “download a copy” functionality, SharePoint will replace the spaces with an “_”. This might (will) result in inconsistency when you upload the “same” file again, since SharePoint will see this as a different file (since the filename is different). I recommend using a filename with Capitalization style naming guideline. For instance: the document “Overall governance model.docx” would be named “OverallGovernanceModel.docx”Use the TITLE field in the office applications to give your document a title (and subtitle and keywords, .) The title column can be used in a view in a library. You can get to the document properties by clicking on 'Office Button/Prepare/Properties'. (Office 2007). This is metadata that is stored with the document, and will remain in the document (even if you exchange this document via e-mail, via an external hard drive). The filename cannot be longer than 128 characters. (and that is IMHO far beyond reasonable) You cannot use any of these characters: ” # % & * : < > ? \ / { | } ~ 2. Versioning:SharePoint has a built-in versioning system. You can work with major (published) versions, and minor (draft) versions. Of each of these two document types, you can store a numbers of versions that are kept. Watch out, each version is saved, not only the delta between 2 versions, and this counts to your Site Collection Quota. (Example: you have a Word document with a size of 2 MB. When you keep 5 Drafts this will result in storing (and consuming) 10 MB.So, don’t call your document “NewUserAccountProcessDRAFTv1.docx”, but “NewUserAccountProcess.docx” and use versioning setting in your library.You can enable views on your library to display the version number.You can enable the version number to be displayed in a Word document.3. Use MetadataUse metadata to assign other properties to documents, so it can be easily identified, sorted- or grouped by.

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• Windows 8 and Cisco AnyConnect client issue

  - by Enrique Lima

  As many of us are doing these days, I have fully moved to Windows 8 on my PCs (laptops and desktops).  And in my role as a consultant I work with many clients, many of them use different vpn technologies.  While pretty much every single vpn client I had installed needed a trick or two to work, well Cisco’s AnyConnect vpn client had some issues.  Installation went well, no problem there.  The problem appeared when I attempted to connect, as I received the following message: Pretty clear what the issue is, right? right??!!?? Doing a bit of research (Google knows!), I cam across the following fix: Using our new favorite shortcut:  Windows Key + X Then Run > regedit. We then Navigate to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\vpnva From the image you can tell there are additional characters in the DisplayName that interfere with the device being able to be correctly identified. This is what it looks like originally. We will remove those characters so it looks more like: Close all open windows and attempt your connection.

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• Index Check and Correct Character Display in a Console Hangman Game for Java

  - by Jen

  I have this problem wherein, I can not display the correct characters given by the character. Here's what I meant: String words, in; String replaced_words; Scanner s = new Scanner (System.in); System.out.println("Enter a line of words basing on an event, verse, place or a name of a person."); words = s.nextLine(); System.out.println("The words you just placed are now accepted."); //using char array method, we tried to place the words into a characters array. char [] c = words.toCharArray(); // we need to replace the replaced_words = words.replace(' ', '_').replaceAll("[^\\-]", "-"); for (int i = 0; i < replaced_words.length(); i++) { System.out.print(replaced_words.charAt(i) + " "); } System.out.println("Now, please input a character, guessing the words you just placed."); in = s.nextLine(); in that code, want that the user, when types a word (or should it be character?), any of the correct character the user inputs will be displayed, and changes the hyphen to it...(more like the hangman series of games). How can I achieve this?

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• String manipulation functions in SQL Server 2000 / 2005

  - by Vipin

  SQL Server provides a range of string manipulation functions. I was aware of most of those in back of the mind, but when I needed to use one, I had to dig it out either from SQL server help file or from google. So, I thought I will list some of the functions which performs some common operations in SQL server. Hope it will be helpful to you all. Len (' String_Expression' ) - returns the length of input String_Expression. Example - Select Len('Vipin') Output - 5 Left ( 'String_Expression', int_characters ) - returns int_characters characters from the left of the String_Expression.     Example - Select Left('Vipin',3), Right('Vipin',3) Output -  Vip,  Pin  LTrim ( 'String_Expression' ) - removes spaces from left of the input 'String_Expression'  RTrim ( 'String_Expression' ) - removes spaces from right of the input 'String_Expression' Note - To removes spaces from both ends of the string_expression use Ltrim and RTrim in conjunction Example - Select LTrim(' Vipin '), RTrim(' Vipin ') , LTrim ( RTrim(' Vipin ')) Output - 'Vipin ' , ' Vipin' , 'Vipin' (Single quote marks ' ' are not part of the SQL output, it's just been included to demonstrate the presence of space at the end of string.) Substring ( 'String_Expression' , int_start , int_length ) - this function returns the part of string_expression. Right ( 'String_Expression', int_characters ) - returns int_characters characters from the right of the String_Expression.

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• How can I remove unmounted SD Card icons from my desktop?

  - by user75286

  I have been using some audio utilities in Ubuntu 11.10 to tweak .mp3 files on my phone (Motorola Photon 4G). I connect via USB... both my phone and the internal SD card are mounted as two separate drives. The SD card has an unusual drive name with some odd characters. When I'm finished, I unmount my phone (or "safely remove drive"), but the SD card can't be unmounted. I've mounted and unmounted my phone on 4 occasions now, and there are now 4 SD card drive icons that I can't remove from the desktop. I tried using the gconf-editor/apps/nautilus/desktop trick to make drives invisible and it's not working. Right-clicking on the icons and selecting "unmount" produced the following error message; (I can't type the unusual drive name characters... replaced with xxx) Unable to unmount xxx umount: /media/xxx is not mounted (according to mtab) How can I remove the unwanted icons from the desktop and is there a method for avoiding this problem in the future? Thanks!

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• Good sysadmin practise?

  - by Randomthrowaway

  Throwaway account here. Recently our sysadmin sent us the following email (I removed the names): Hi, I had a situation yesterday (not mentioning names) when I had to perform a three way md5 checksum verification over the phone, more than once. If we can stick to the same standards then this will save any confusion if you are ever asked to repeat something over the phone or in the office for clarification. This is of particular importance when trying to speak or say this over the phone … m4f7s29gsd32156ffsdf … that’s really difficult to get right on a bad line. The rule is very simple: 1) Speak in blocks of 4 characters and continue until the end. The recipient can read back or ask for verification on one of the blocks. 2) Use the same language! http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenetic_alphabet#NATO Myself, xxx and a few others I know all speak the NATO phonetic alphabet (aka police speak) and this makes it so much easier and saves so much time. If you want to learn quickly then all you really need is A to F and 0 to 9. 0 to 9 is really easy, A to F is only 6 characters to learn. Could you tell me if forcing the developers to learn NATO alphabet is a good practise, or if there are ways (and which ways) to avoid being in such a situation?

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• Deploying InfoPath forms &ndash; idiosyncrasies

  - by PointsToShare

  Well, I have written a sophisticated PowerShell script to expedite the deployment of InfoPath forms - .XSN file.  Along the way by way of trial and error (mostly error and error), I discovered a few little things. Here they are. •    Regardless of how the install command is run – PowerShell or the GUI in Central Admin – SharePoint enwraps the XSN inside a solution – WSP, then installs and deploys the solution. •    The solution is named by concatenating “form-“ with the first 16 characters (or less if the file name is shorter than 16) of the file name and the required WSP at the end. So if the form name was MyInfopathForm.xsn the solution name will be form-MyInfopathForm.wsp, but for WithdrawalOfRequestsForRefund.xsn it will be named form-WithdrawalOfRequ.wsp •    It only gets worse! Had there already been a solution file with the same name, Microsoft appends a three digit number to the name, like MyInfopathForm-123.wsp. Remember a digit is a finger, I suspect a middle finger, so when you deploy the same form – many versions of it, or as it was in my case – testing a script time and again, you’ll end up with many such digit (middle finger) appended solutions, all un-deployed except the last one. This is not a bug. It’s a feature!   Well, there are ways around it. When by hand, remove the solution from the solution store before deploying the form again. In the script I do the same thing. And finally - an important caveat; Make sure that all your form names are unique in the first 16 characters. If you also have a form with the name forWithdrawalOfRequestForRelief.xsn, you’re in trouble! That’s all folks!

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• Site Directory in SharePoint 2010

  - by Enrique Lima

  Sometimes there are so many changes to the environment in which we work and live in that something will escape our attention. In discussing functionality with a client today, the topic of Site Directory came up and the comment of “well, we use it but it is too bad it is not available in 2010” was made … and huge sense of huh?!? came to me. Well, the item that escaped me came to light (and I know there are others).  So researching about it was not only an option it was/is my duty. Found an excellent post by Bill Baer on the subject.  And not only that but there is a reference to a potential and possible solution.  This is something that is being worked on through codeplex, here is the link .. http://spsitedirectory2010.codeplex.com/

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• HTML5 - Does it have the power to handle a large 2D game with a huge world?

  - by user15858

  I have been using XNA game studio, but due to private reasons (as well as the ability to publish anywhere & my heavy interest in isogenic engine), I would like to switch to HTML5. However, I have very high 2D graphic demands for my game. The game itself will have a HDD size of anywhere between 6GB (min) to 12GB (max) which would be a full game deployed offline. The size of the images aren't significantly large, so streaming would be entirely possible if only those assets required were streamed as needed. The game has a massive file size because of the sheer amount of content. For some images or spritesheets, they would be quite massive. (ex. a very large Dragon, which if animated in a spritesheet would be split into two 4096x4096 sheets or one 8192x8192 sheet). Most assets would be very small, and about 7MB for a full character with 15 animations in every direction (all animations not required immediately) so in the size of a few hundred KB to download before the game loads. My question, however, is if the graphical power of HTML5 is enough to animate several characters on screen at once, when it flips through frames quite rapidly. All my sprites have about 25 frames per animation, 5 directions (a spritesheet for each direction & animation), and run at 30fps. Upon changing direction, animation, or a new character entering, spritesheets would change and be constantly loading/unloading. If I pack all directions in a single sheet, it would be about 2048x2048 per sheet. Most frameworks have no problem with this, but I am afraid from what I read that HTML5's graphical capabilities will limit me. Since it takes significant time simply to animate characters in any language, I'd like a quick answer.

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• Should sanity be a property of a programmer or a program?

  - by toplel32

  I design and implement languages, that can range from object notations to markup languages. In many cases I have considered restrictions in favor of sanity (common knowledge), like in the case of control characters in identifiers. There are two consequences to consider before doing this: It takes extra computation It narrows liberty I'm interested to learn how developers think of decisions like this. As you may know Microsoft C# is very open on the contrary. If you really want to prefix your integer as Long with 'l' instead of 'L' and so risk other developers of confusing '1' and 'l', no problem. If you want to name your variables in non-latin script so they will contrast with C#'s latin keywords, no problem. Or if you want to distribute a string over multiple lines and so break a series of indentation, no problem. It is cheap to ensure consistency with restrictions and this makes it tempting to implement. But in the case of disallowing non-latin characters (concerning the second example), it means a discredit to Unicode, because one would not take full advantage of its capacity.

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• Programmatically closing a dialog box - win32 [migrated]

  - by user1697579

  I'm working on an application to detect a pop-up dialog and then automatically dismiss it. I'm writing this as a C++/Win32 app. The dialog box is generated by IE 7 and I can detect the window, but several methods to get the OK button to "click" have failed. Doing searches for other people's solutions, sending these messages to the button handle seems to have worked in a lot of situations: PostMessage( handle, WM_LBUTTONDOWN, 0, 0 ); PostMessage( handle, WM_LBUTTONUP, 0, 0 ); PostMessage( handle, BM_SETSTATE, 1, 0 ); It has no effect on the button state in my tests though. I can send tab characters to the main window and see that the OK button gets focus, but then sending return characters does nothing. To learn more about this I used Spy++ to get information about the window hierarchy and what messages are delievered when I manually click the OK button. Looking at the message log and reading about WM_MOUSEACTIVATE seamed to offer a solution. The log info shows that 0002166C was the button window. So in my code I tried this: GetClassNameA( handle, str, str_size ); if( strcmp( str, "Internet Explorer_Server" ) != 0 ) return TRUE; // Not the window we're interested in. // Send a message to activate the button window and have it process a mouse click. PostMessage( handle, WM_MOUSEACTIVATE, (WPARAM) dialog_handle, MAKELPARAM( HTCLIENT, WM_LBUTTONDOWN ); Based on the window hierarchy and message log, I think the window with the class name "Internet Explorer_Server" is the button. Maybe I'm wrong, because it does seem like an odd class name for a button... Below is a link to the window hierarchy image, message log when I manually click the OK button. Last is the code that's executed on a 1 second timer ticket, looking for the window. Any insight and help is appreciated! Image of the window hierarchy, source, window messages, and test dialog source are available here: https://sites.google.com/site/matthewmillersmiscellanea/Home/

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• Online Password Security Tactics

  - by BuckWoody

  Recently two more large databases were attacked and compromised, one at the popular Gawker Media sites and the other at McDonald’s. Every time this kind of thing happens (which is FAR too often) it should remind the technical professional to ensure that they secure their systems correctly. If you write software that stores passwords, it should be heavily encrypted, and not human-readable in any storage. I advocate a different store for the login and password, so that if one is compromised, the other is not. I also advocate that you set a bit flag when a user changes their password, and send out a reminder to change passwords if that bit isn’t changed every three or six months.    But this post is about the *other* side – what to do to secure your own passwords, especially those you use online, either in a cloud service or at a provider. While you’re not in control of these breaches, there are some things you can do to help protect yourself. Most of these are obvious, but they contain a few little twists that make the process easier.   Use Complex Passwords This is easily stated, and probably one of the most un-heeded piece of advice. There are three main concepts here: ·         Don’t use a dictionary-based word ·         Use mixed case ·         Use punctuation, special characters and so on   So this: password Isn’t nearly as safe as this: P@ssw03d   Of course, this only helps if the site that stores your password encrypts it. Gawker does, so theoretically if you had the second password you’re in better shape, at least, than the first. Dictionary words are quickly broken, regardless of the encryption, so the more unusual characters you use, and the farther away from the dictionary words you get, the better.   Of course, this doesn’t help, not even a little, if the site stores the passwords in clear text, or the key to their encryption is broken. In that case…   Use a Different Password at Every Site What? I have hundreds of sites! Are you kidding me? Nope – I’m not. If you use the same password at every site, when a site gets attacked, the attacker will store your name and password value for attacks at other sites. So the only safe thing to do is to use different names or passwords (or both) at each site. Of course, most sites use your e-mail as a username, so you’re kind of hosed there. So even though you have hundreds of sites you visit, you need to have at least a different password at each site.   But it’s easier than you think – if you use an algorithm.   What I’m describing is to pick a “root” password, and then modify that based on the site or purpose. That way, if the site is compromised, you can still use that root password for the other sites.   Let’s take that second password: P@ssw03d   And now you can append, prepend or intersperse that password with other characters to make it unique to the site. That way you can easily remember the root password, but make it unique to the site. For instance, perhaps you read a lot of information on Gawker – how about these:   P@ssw03dRead ReadP@ssw03d PR@esasdw03d   If you have lots of sites, tracking even this can be difficult, so I recommend you use password software such as Password Safe or some other tool to have a secure database of your passwords at each site. DO NOT store this on the web. DO NOT use an Office document (Microsoft or otherwise) that is “encrypted” – the encryption office automation packages use is very trivial, and easily broken. A quick web search for tools to do that should show you how bad a choice this is.   Change Your Password on a Schedule I know. It’s a real pain. And it doesn’t seem worth it…until your account gets hacked. A quick note here – whenever a site gets hacked (and I find out about it) I change the password at that site immediately (or quit doing business with them) and then change the root password on every site, as quickly as I can.   If you follow the tip above, it’s not as hard. Just add another number, year, month, day, something like that into the mix. It’s not unlike making a Primary Key in an RDBMS.   P@ssw03dRead10242010   Change the site, and then update your password database. I do this about once a month, on the first or last day, during staff meetings. (J)   If you have other tips, post them here. We can all learn from each other on this.

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• The Joy Of Hex

  - by Jim Giercyk

  While working on a mainframe integration project, it occurred to me that some basic computer concepts are slipping into obscurity. For example, just about anyone can tell you that a 64-bit processor is faster than a 32-bit processer. A grade school child could tell you that a computer “speaks” in ‘1’s and ‘0’s. Some people can even tell you that there are 8 bits in a byte. However, I have found that even the most seasoned developers often can’t explain the theory behind those statements. That is not a knock on programmers; in the age of IntelliSense, what reason do we have to work with data at the bit level? Many computer theory classes treat bit-level programming as a thing of the past, no longer necessary now that storage space is plentiful. The trouble with that mindset is that the world is full of legacy systems that run programs written in the 1970’s.  Today our jobs require us to extract data from those systems, regardless of the format, and that often involves low-level programming. Because it seems knowledge of the low-level concepts is waning in recent times, I thought a review would be in order.       CHARACTER: See Spot Run HEX: 53 65 65 20 53 70 6F 74 20 52 75 6E DECIMAL: 83 101 101 32 83 112 111 116 32 82 117 110 BINARY: 01010011 01100101 01100101 00100000 01010011 01110000 01101111 01110100 00100000 01010010 01110101 01101110 In this example, I have broken down the words “See Spot Run” to a level computers can understand – machine language.     CHARACTER:  The character level is what is rendered by the computer.  A “Character Set” or “Code Page” contains 256 characters, both printable and unprintable.  Each character represents 1 BYTE of data.  For example, the character string “See Spot Run” is 12 Bytes long, exclusive of the quotation marks.  Remember, a SPACE is an unprintable character, but it still requires a byte.  In the example I have used the default Windows character set, ASCII, which you can see here:  http://www.asciitable.com/ HEX:  Hex is short for hexadecimal, or Base 16.  Humans are comfortable thinking in base ten, perhaps because they have 10 fingers and 10 toes; fingers and toes are called digits, so it’s not much of a stretch.  Computers think in Base 16, with numeric values ranging from zero to fifteen, or 0 – F.  Each decimal place has a possible 16 values as opposed to a possible 10 values in base 10.  Therefore, the number 10 in Hex is equal to the number 16 in Decimal.  DECIMAL:  The Decimal conversion is strictly for us humans to use for calculations and conversions.  It is much easier for us humans to calculate that [30 – 10 = 20] in decimal than it is for us to calculate [1E – A = 14] in Hex.  In the old days, an error in a program could be found by determining the displacement from the entry point of a module.  Since those values were dumped from the computers head, they were in hex. A programmer needed to convert them to decimal, do the equation and convert back to hex.  This gets into relative and absolute addressing, a topic for another day.  BINARY:  Binary, or machine code, is where any value can be expressed in 1s and 0s.  It is really Base 2, because each decimal place can have a possibility of only 2 characters, a 1 or a 0.  In Binary, the number 10 is equal to the number 2 in decimal. Why only 1s and 0s?  Very simply, computers are made up of lots and lots of transistors which at any given moment can be ON ( 1 ) or OFF ( 0 ).  Each transistor is a bit, and the order that the transistors fire (or not fire) is what distinguishes one value from  another in the computers head (or CPU).  Consider 32 bit vs 64 bit processing…..a 64 bit processor has the capability to read 64 transistors at a time.  A 32 bit processor can only read half as many at a time, so in theory the 64 bit processor should be much faster.  There are many more factors involved in CPU performance, but that is the fundamental difference.    DECIMAL HEX BINARY 0 0 0000 1 1 0001 2 2 0010 3 3 0011 4 4 0100 5 5 0101 6 6 0110 7 7 0111 8 8 1000 9 9 1001 10 A 1010 11 B 1011 12 C 1100 13 D 1101 14 E 1110 15 F 1111   Remember that each character is a BYTE, there are 2 HEX characters in a byte (called nibbles) and 8 BITS in a byte.  I hope you enjoyed reading about the theory of data processing.  This is just a high-level explanation, and there is much more to be learned.  It is safe to say that, no matter how advanced our programming languages and visual studios become, they are nothing more than a way to interpret bits and bytes.  There is nothing like the joy of hex to get the mind racing.

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• Is it possible for double-escaping to cause harm to the DB?

  - by waiwai933

  If I accidentally double escape a string, can the DB be harmed? For the purposes of this question, let's say I'm not using parametrized queries For example, let's say I get the following input: bob's bike And I escape that: bob\'s bike But my code is horrible, and escapes it again: bob\\\'s bike Now, if I insert that into a DB, the value in the DB will be bob\'s bike Which, while is not what I want, won't harm the DB. Is it possible for any input that's double escaped to do something malicious to the DB assuming that I take all other necessary security precautions?

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• How to "escape" a whole String - an SQL query

  - by Ankur

  When I add a relative path to an SQL query as a String all the \ get removed. I am trying to add the String ("pics\\"+onlyFile) and as you can see I have escaped the \ character so I don't understand why it is being removed. onlyFile is a variable containing a file name. The value of the "src" variable (the one I am discussing) just before the SQL statement is correct, hence it is something happening when it is added to the SQL query.

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• Hello-World-grade landscape Android app fails to start (complete code included)

  - by WingedCat

  I'm trying to develop a simple Android app, fixed in landscape mode. I am using Eclipse 1.3, compiling for Android SDK version 7 (OS version 2.1). When I try to run it in the emulator, it crashes on boot. (It gets as far as the unlock slider, but shortly after that when trying to launch the application itself, I get "The application Failtest (process com.wcs.failtest) has stopped unexpectedly. Please try again.".) Here is main.xml (with the tags escaped so this displays properly): <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="480px" android:layout_height="320px" > <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="96px" android:layout_height="320px" android:id="@+id/action_menu" > <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="96px" android:layout_height="48px" > <Button android:layout_width="48px" android:layout_height="48px" android:background="#f00" android:id="@+id/action_button_11" /> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout> Here is AndroidManifest.xml (again with the tags escaped so this displays properly): <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.wcs.failtest" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0"> <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name" android:theme="@android:style/Theme.NoTitleBar.Fullscreen"> <activity android:name=".FailtestActivity" android:screenOrientation="landscape" android:label="@string/app_name"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="7" /> </manifest> And here is FailtestActivity.java: package com.wcs.failtest; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.Button; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.view.View; public class FailtestActivity extends Activity { private OnClickListener action11Listener = new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { } }; /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); Button button; button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.action_button_11); button.setOnClickListener(action11Listener); setContentView(R.layout.main); } } I suspect it is something simple I'm overlooking. What is it?

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• Use of @keyword in C# -- bad idea?

  - by Robert Fraser

  In my naming convention, I use _name for private member variables. I noticed that if I auto-generate a constructor with ReSharper, if the member is a keyword, it will generate an escaped keyword. For example: class IntrinsicFunctionCall { private Parameter[] _params; public IntrinsicFunctionCall(Parameter[] @params) { _params = @params; } } Is this generally considered bad practice or is it OK? It happens quite frequently with @params and @interface.

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• Java RegEx find, except when between quotes

  - by user1833511

  I need a Java RegEx to split, or find something in a string, but exclude stuff that's between double quotes. What I do now is this: String withoutQuotes = str.replaceAll("\\\".*?\\\"", "placeholder"); withoutQuotes = withoutQuotes.replaceAll(" ",""); but this doesn't work nice with indexOf, and I also need to be able to split, for example: String str = "hello;world;how;\"are;you?\"" String[] strArray = str.split(/*some regex*/); // strArray now contains: ["hello", "world", "how", "\"are you?\"] quotes are always balanced quotes can be escaped with \" Any help is appreciated

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• W3C Markup Validation errors with jQuery

  - by FFish

  Running a validation on my pages where I used jQuery gives me lots of errors.. I escaped the closing tags but keep getting errors. <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { $("#main").html('<p>hello world<\/p>'); }); </script>

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• Use regular expressions to match an ? but not a \?

  - by J.Milly

  I have a PHP regular expression that has been functioning fairly well to parse some odd legacy client templates until recently when we found an escaped question mark (\?) included in a template expression. I'm not strong enough with my regular expression-fu to wrap my feeble noodle around a negative look ahead or some techno-mumbo-jumbo so, tips or points in the right direction would be greatly appreciated. My PHP: preg_match_all("/\{\{IF (.*)\?(.*):(.*)\}\}/U", $template, $m, PREG_SET_ORDER);

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• how to unescape XML in java

  - by Bas Hendriks

  Hi, I need to unescape a xml string containing escaped XML tags: &lt; &gt; &amp; etc... I did find some libs that can perform this task, but i'd rather use a single method that can perform this task. Can someone help? cheers, Bas Hendriks

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