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  • $_GET['page'] loading content incorrectly

    - by s32ialx
    OK so here is my previous post PHP Templated Site w/ file_get_content links now i got that issue resolved BUT the problem is now that the content loads it displays UNDER the div i placed #CONTENT# inside so the styles are being ignored and it's posting #CONTENT# outside the divs at positions 0,0 any suggestions? Found out whats happening by using "View Source" seems that it's putting all of the #CONTENT#, content that's being loaded in front of the tag. Like this <doctype...> <div class="home"> blah blah </div> <head> <script src=""></script> </head> <body> <div class="header"></div> <div class="contents"> #CONTENT# < where content SHOULD load </div> <div class="footer"></div> </body> so anyone got a fix? OK so a better description I'll add relevant screen-shots Whats happening is /* file.class.php */ <?php $file = new file(); class file{ var $path = "templates/clean"; var $ext = "tpl"; function loadfile($filename){ return file_get_contents($this->path . "/" . $filename . "." . $this->ext); } function css($val,$content='',$contentvar='#CSS#') { if(is_array($val)) { $css = 'style="'; foreach($val as $p) { $css .= $p . ";"; } $css .= '"'; } else { $css = 'style="' . $val . '"'; } if($content!='') { return str_replace($contentvar,' ' . $css,$content); } else { return $css; } } function setsize($content,$width='-1',$height='-1',$border='-1'){ $css = ''; if($width!='-1') { $css = $css . "width=\"".$width."\""; } if($height!='-1') { $css = $css . "height=\"".$height."\""; } if($border!='-1') { $css = $css . "border=\"" . $border . "\""; } return str_replace('#SIZE#',' ' . $css,$content); } function setcontent($content,$newcontent,$vartoreplace='#CONTENT#'){ $val = str_replace($vartoreplace,$newcontent,$content); return $val; } function p($content) { $v = $content; $v = str_replace('#CONTENT#','',$v); $v = str_replace('#SIZE#','',$v); print $v; } } if (isset($_GET['page'])) { $content = $_GET['page'].'.php'; } else { $content = 'main.php'; } ?> is calling for a file_get_contents at the bottom which I use in /* index.php */ <?php include('classes/file.class.php'); // load the templates $header = $file->loadfile('header'); $body = $file->loadfile('body'); $footer = $file->loadfile('footer'); // fill body.tpl #CONTENT# slot with $content $body = $file->setcontent($body, $content); // cleanup and output the full page $file->p($header . $body . $footer); ?> and loads into /* body.tpl */ <div id="bodys"> <div id="bodt"></div> <div id="bodm"> <div id="contents"> #CONTENT# </div> </div> <div id="bodb"></div> </div> but the issue is as follows the $content loads properly img tags etc <h2> tags etc but CSS styling is TOTALY ignored for position width z-index etc. and as follows here's the screen-shot JUST incase you require the css for where $content is being loaded #bodys { top:91px; position:absolute; width:100%; } #bodt { margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; top:3px; position:relative; width:820px; height:42px; background-image:url('images/pagetop.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; z-index: 0; } #bodm { margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; top:3px; position:relative; width:820px; background-image:url('images/pagemid.png'); background-repeat:repeat-y; z-index: 0; } #bodb { margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; bottom:-42px; position:relative; width:820px; height:42px; background-image:url('images/pagebot.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; z-index:-1; } #menuo { position:absolute; bottom:-2px; z-index:199; } #contents { position:relative; top:5px; left:25px; width:770px; z-index:10; overflow: auto; color: #000000; line-height: 1.3em; font-size: 12px; } #content { position:absolute; top:5px; left:25px; width:760px; z-index:1; color: #000000; line-height: 1.3em; font-size: 12px; } #contents p{ margin-bottom: 0.7em; } #contents a{ font-weight:bold; color: #6fa5fd; border-bottom: 1px dotted #6fa5fd; }

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  • (PHP) Validation, Security and Speed - Does my app have these?

    - by Devner
    Hi all, I am currently working on a building community website in PHP. This contains forms that a user can fill right from registration to lot of other functionality. I am not an Object-oriented guy, so I am using functions most of the time to handle my application. I know I have to learn OOPS, but currently need to develop this website and get it running soon. Anyway, here's a sample of what I let my app. do: Consider a page (register.php) that has a form where a user has 3 fields to fill up, say: First Name, Last Name and Email. Upon submission of this form, I want to validate the form and show the corresponding errors to the users: <form id="form1" name="form1" method="post" action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>"> <label for="name">Name:</label> <input type="text" name="name" id="name" /><br /> <label for="lname">Last Name:</label> <input type="text" name="lname" id="lname" /><br /> <label for="email">Email:</label> <input type="text" name="email" id="email" /><br /> <input type="submit" name="submit" id="submit" value="Submit" /> </form> This form will POST the info to the same page. So here's the code that will process the POST'ed info: <?php require("functions.php"); if( isset($_POST['submit']) ) { $errors = fn_register(); if( count($errors) ) { //Show error messages } else { //Send welcome mail to the user or do database stuff... } } ?> <?php //functions.php page: function sql_quote( $value ) { if( get_magic_quotes_gpc() ) { $value = stripslashes( $value ); } else { $value = addslashes( $value ); } if( function_exists( "mysql_real_escape_string" ) ) { $value = mysql_real_escape_string( $value ); } return $value; } function clean($str) { $str = strip_tags($str, '<br>,<br />'); $str = trim($str); $str = sql_quote($str); return $str; } foreach ($_POST as &$value) { if (!is_array($value)) { $value = clean($value); } else { clean($value); } } foreach ($_GET as &$value) { if (!is_array($value)) { $value = clean($value); } else { clean($value); } } function validate_name( $fld, $min, $max, $rule, $label ) { if( $rule == 'required' ) { if ( trim($fld) == '' ) { $str = "$label: Cannot be left blank."; return $str; } } if ( isset($fld) && trim($fld) != '' ) { if ( isset($fld) && $fld != '' && !preg_match("/^[a-zA-Z\ ]+$/", $fld)) { $str = "$label: Invalid characters used! Only Lowercase, Uppercase alphabets and Spaces are allowed"; } else if ( strlen($fld) < $min or strlen($fld) > $max ) { $curr_char = strlen($fld); $str = "$label: Must be atleast $min character &amp; less than $max char. Entered characters: $curr_char"; } else { $str = 0; } } else { $str = 0; } return $str; } function validate_email( $fld, $min, $max, $rule, $label ) { if( $rule == 'required' ) { if ( trim($fld) == '' ) { $str = "$label: Cannot be left blank."; return $str; } } if ( isset($fld) && trim($fld) != '' ) { if ( !eregi('^[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+\.([a-zA-Z]{2,4})$', $fld) ) { $str = "$label: Invalid format. Please check."; } else if ( strlen($fld) < $min or strlen($fld) > $max ) { $curr_char = strlen($fld); $str = "$label: Must be atleast $min character &amp; less than $max char. Entered characters: $curr_char"; } else { $str = 0; } } else { $str = 0; } return $str; } function val_rules( $str, $val_type, $rule='required' ){ switch ($val_type) { case 'name': $val = validate_name( $str, 3, 20, $rule, 'First Name'); break; case 'lname': $val = validate_name( $str, 10, 20, $rule, 'Last Name'); break; case 'email': $val = validate_email( $str, 10, 60, $rule, 'Email'); break; } return $val; } function fn_register() { $errors = array(); $val_name = val_rules( $_POST['name'], 'name' ); $val_lname = val_rules( $_POST['lname'], 'lname', 'optional' ); $val_email = val_rules( $_POST['email'], 'email' ); if ( $val_name != '0' ) { $errors['name'] = $val_name; } if ( $val_lname != '0' ) { $errors['lname'] = $val_lname; } if ( $val_email != '0' ) { $errors['email'] = $val_email; } return $errors; } //END of functions.php page ?> OK, now it might look like there's a lot, but lemme break it down target wise: 1. I wanted the foreach ($_POST as &$value) and foreach ($_GET as &$value) loops to loop through the received info from the user submission and strip/remove all malicious input. I am calling a function called clean on the input first to achieve the objective as stated above. This function will process each of the input, whether individual field values or even arrays and allow only tags and remove everything else. The rest of it is obvious. Once this happens, the new/cleaned values will be processed by the fn_register() function and based on the values returned after the validation, we get the corresponding errors or NULL values (as applicable). So here's my questions: 1. This pretty much makes me feel secure as I am forcing the user to correct malicious data and won't process the final data unless the errors are corrected. Am I correct? Does the method that I follow guarantee the speed (as I am using lots of functions and their corresponding calls)? The fields of a form differ and the minimum number of fields I may have at any given point of time in any form may be 3 and can go upto as high as 100 (or even more, I am not sure as the website is still being developed). Will having 100's of fields and their validation in the above way, reduce the speed of application (say upto half a million users are accessing the website at the same time?). What can I do to improve the speed and reduce function calls (if possible)? 3, Can I do something to improve the current ways of validation? I am holding off object oriented approach and using FILTERS in PHP for the later. So please, I request you all to suggest me way to improve/tweak the current ways and suggest me if the script is vulnerable or safe enough to be used in a Live production environment. If not, what I can do to be able to use it live? Thank you all in advance.

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  • How to take first 4 time for each person.

    - by Gopal
    Using Access Database Table ID Time 001 100000 001 100005 001 103000 001 102500 001 110000 001 120000 001 113000 ..., From the above table, i want to take first four time Query like Select id, min(time) from table group by id I want to take first four min(time) for each person Expected Output ID Time 001 100000 001 100005 001 102500 001 103000 002 ..., How to make a query for this condition?

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  • C# method to scale values?

    - by John S
    Hello, I have a value range from 0 to 255. There is a method that returns an array with a min and max values within this range, i.e: 13, 15, 20, 27, 50 ... 240 where 13 is the min and 240 is the max I need to scale these values so that 13 becomes 0 and 240 becomes 255 and scale all the other values between them proportionally. Is there any C# method that does that? thanks!

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  • What is a good way of Enhancing contrast of color images?

    - by erjik
    I split color image for 3 channels and made a contrast enhancement of each channel. Then merged them together, I like the image at the result, but it has different colors. Black objects became yellow and so on... EDIT: The algorithm I used is to calculate the 5th percentile and the 95th percentile as min and max values, and then expand the values of image so that it will have min and max values as 0 and 255. If there is a better approach please tell me.

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  • Why can't I put a jquery-ui progressbar inside a div with fixed position?

    - by Matthew
    I started the source from this progressbar example, and it works fine. My only change was to set the width of the progressbar to "20%". <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <link href="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.8/themes/base/jquery-ui.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/> <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.8/jquery-ui.min.js"></script> <script> $(document).ready(function() { $("#progressbar").progressbar({ value: 37 }).css({ width : "20%"}); }); </script> </head> <body style="font-size:62.5%;"> <div id="progressbar"></div> </body> </html> I then put the progressbar inside another div, and used css to fix that div in the upper-right-hand corner. <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <link href="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.8/themes/base/jquery-ui.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/> <style type="text/css"> #testContainer { position : fixed; top : 6; right : 6; } </style> <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.8/jquery-ui.min.js"></script> <script> $(document).ready(function() { $("#progressbar").progressbar({ value: 37 }).css({ width : "20%"}); }); </script> </head> <body style="font-size:62.5%;"> <div id="testContainer"> <div id="progressbar"></div> </div> </body> </html> The progressbar becomes a slim vertical line on the left side of the screen. What am I doing wrong? I'm new to web development in general, and jquery in particular, so please forgive me if this is a stupid question.

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  • weird performance in C++ (VC 2010)

    - by raicuandi
    Hello, I have this loop written in C++, that compiled with MSVC2010 takes a long time to run. (300ms) for (int i=0; i<h; i++) { for (int j=0; j<w; j++) { if (buf[i*w+j] > 0) { const int sy = max(0, i - hr); const int ey = min(h, i + hr + 1); const int sx = max(0, j - hr); const int ex = min(w, j + hr + 1); float val = 0; for (int k=sy; k < ey; k++) { for (int m=sx; m < ex; m++) { val += original[k*w + m] * ds[k - i + hr][m - j + hr]; } } heat_map[i*w + j] = val; } } } It seemed a bit strange to me, so I did some tests then changed a few bits to inline assembly: (specifically, the code that sums "val") for (int i=0; i<h; i++) { for (int j=0; j<w; j++) { if (buf[i*w+j] > 0) { const int sy = max(0, i - hr); const int ey = min(h, i + hr + 1); const int sx = max(0, j - hr); const int ex = min(w, j + hr + 1); __asm { fldz } for (int k=sy; k < ey; k++) { for (int m=sx; m < ex; m++) { float val = original[k*w + m] * ds[k - i + hr][m - j + hr]; __asm { fld val fadd } } } float val1; __asm { fstp val1 } heat_map[i*w + j] = val1; } } } Now it runs in half the time, 150ms. It does exactly the same thing, but why is it twice as quick? In both cases it was run in Release mode with optimizations on. Am I doing anything wrong in my original C++ code?

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  • in R, question about generate table

    - by alex
    a = matrix(1:25,5,5) B = capture.output(for (X in 1:5){ A = c(min(a[,X]),quantile(a[,X],0.25),median(a[,X]),quantile(a[,X],0.75),max(a[,X]),mean(a[,X]),sd(a[,X])/m^(1/2),var(a[,X])) cat(A,"\n") }) matrix(B,8,5) what i was trying to do is to generate a table which each column has those element in A and in that order. i try to use the matrix, but seems like it dont reli work here...can anyone help 1 2 3 4 5 min 1st quartile median SEM VAR THIS IS WHAT I WANT THE TABLE LOOKS LIKE ..

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  • Is generating real random numbers this easy in C#?

    - by JL
    I found this code using Google. private int RandomNumber(int min, int max) { Random random = new Random(); return random.Next(min, max); } Is this really all there is to generating REAL random numbers in C#? I intend to generate on a small scale between values 1-10. Thanks

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  • Random generates same number in java

    - by user1613360
    This is my java code. import java.io.*; import java.util.*; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; class search { private int numelem; private int[] input=new int[100]; public void setNumofelem() { System.out.println("Enter the total numebr of elements"); Scanner yz=new Scanner(System.in); numelem=yz.nextInt(); } public void randomnumber() throws Exception { int max=500,min=1,n=numelem; Random rand = new Random(); for (int j=0;j < n;j++) { input[j]=rand.nextInt(max)+1; } } public void printinput() { int b=numelem,t=0; while(true) if(b!=0) { System.out.print(" "+input[t]); b--; t++; } else break; } } public class mycode { public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception { search a=new search(); a.setNumofelem(); a.randomnumber(); a.printinput(); } } Now the function randomnumber() just returns the same number.The function executes perfectly if I execute it as a separate java program but fails miserably if I call it using an object.I have also tried the following variations but nothing works everything return the same number. Variation 1: public void randomnumber() throws Exception { int max=500,min=1,n=numelem; Random rand = new Random(); for (int j=0;j < n;j++) { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); input[j]=rand.nextInt(max)+1; } } Variation 2: public void randomnumber() throws Exception { int max=500,min=1,n=numelem; Random rand = new Random(); for (int j=0;j < n;j++) { rand.setSeed(System.nanoTime()); input[j]=rand.nextInt(max)+1; } } Variation 3: public void randomnumber() throws Exception { int max=500,min=1,n=numelem; Random rand = new Random(); for (int j=0;j < n;j++) { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); rand.setSeed(System.nanoTime()); input[j]=rand.nextInt(max)+1; } } Sample input/Output: Enter the number of elements: 5 23 23 23 23 23 23

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  • Dynamic jQuery Validate error messages with AddMethod based on the element

    - by mcpDESIGNS
    Let's say I have a custom AddMethod to jQuery Validate like: $.validator.addMethod('min-length', function (val, element) { // do stuff // the error message here needs to be dynamic }, 'The field cannot be less than than ' + element.attr('data-min') + // it is within the closure, but it can't grab it ' length.'); I can't figure out a way to get the element variable in question, and get any values from it. What am I missing here?

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  • C# Random generation

    - by Betamoo
    I have just passed this article online: C# Corner and C# Corner and his article (a software developer with over 13 years of experience) recommended using System.Random as follows: private int RandomNumber(int min, int max) { Random random = new Random(); return random.Next(min, max); } Isn't that would give him the same number every time ?? Edit: So my question will become: How does Random choose its seed? a constant or current time value? Thanks

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  • CSS list menu; extra padding on rollover of buttons

    - by user1669878
    I have been going crazy trying to figure out why there is extra padding showing up on my navigation buttons when I rollover them. It's only showing up to the left and right of them though. Here's a link to the screenshot of what it looks like: http://i179.photobucket.com/albums/w319/jdauel/Screenshot2012-09-13at25417PM.png I think it has something to do with my CSS but I have no idea anymore. Please help me??? I tried using Firebug to figure it out with no prevail. Here's the code: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>Farren's Photography</title> <style type="text/css"> html { height: 100%; width: 100%; } body { margin: 0px; } #container { font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 1.2em; color: #000; background-color: #06F; text-align: left; padding: 0px; height: 650px; width: 960px; margin-right: auto; margin-left: auto; background-image: url(images/background_image.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; margin-top: 45px; } a:link { color: #FFF; } a:visited { color: #FFF; } a:hover { color: #FFF; } #container #logo { } #container #logo #fp-logo { background-image: url(images/logo.png); height: 137px; width: 408px; text-indent: -9999px; display: block; } #logo { height: 137px; width: 408px; position: relative; padding-top: 35px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 35px; } #main { background-color: #FFF; min-height: 383px; width: 707px; position: relative; left: 217px; top: 16px; right: 36px; bottom: 113px; } #container #navbar { font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 14px; color: #FFF; text-align: right; height: 45px; background-color: #CC0000; position: relative; top: 8px; bottom: 0px; left: 0px; right: 0px; } #container #navbar ul li a { text-decoration: none; } #container #navbar ul { list-style-type: none; padding-top: 16px; } #container #navbar ul li { display: inline; background-color: #280803; margin: 0px; height: 0px; width: 0px; position: relative; padding-top: 16px; padding-right: 15px; padding-bottom: 17px; padding-left: 15px; } #container #navbar ul li a:link { text-decoration: none; color: #FFF; } #container #navbar ul li a:visited { text-decoration: none; color: #FFF; } #container #navbar ul li a:hover { text-decoration: none; color: #FFF; background-color: #027e8e; padding-top: 16px; padding-right: 15px; padding-bottom: 17px; padding-left: 15px; margin: 0px; } #footer { font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small; height: 28px; position: relative; top: 8px; color: #FFF; font-style: italic; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="container"> <div id="logo"><a href="http://www.farrensphotography.com" title="Farren's Photography" target="_self" id="fp-logo">Farren's Photography</a></div><!-- end logo --> <div id="main"> <div id="content"> </div><!-- end content --> </div><!-- end main --> <div id="navbar"> <ul> <li><a href="index.html" target="_self">Home</a></li> <li><a href="portfolio.html" target="_self">Portfolio</a></li> <li><a href="mystyle.html" target="_self">My Style</a></li> <li><a href="specials.html" target="_self">Specials</a></li> <li><a href="pricing.html" target="_self">Pricing</a></li> <li><a href="contact.html" target="_self">Contact</a></li> </ul> </div> <!-- end navbar --> <div id="footer"> <div id="copyright">All images copyright© Farrens Photography </div><!-- end copyright --> <div id="network">Facebook button </div><!-- end network --> </div><!-- end footer --> </div><!-- end container --> </body> </html>

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  • Change background color of JQuery slider

    - by DotnetDude
    I understand I can set the background color of the value from min to the current slider selection by doing a: #slider .ui-slider-range { background: #88ac0b; } How do I set the background color for the entire slider (not just from the min or max to the selected value)

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  • Minimum range of 3 sets

    - by user343882
    We have three sets S1, S2, S3. I need to find x,y,z such that x E S1 y E S2 z E S3 let min denote the minimum value out of x,y,z let max denote the maximum value out of x,y,z The range denoted by max-min should be the MINIMUM possible value

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  • Introduction to the ASP.NET Web API

    - by Stephen.Walther
    I am a huge fan of Ajax. If you want to create a great experience for the users of your website – regardless of whether you are building an ASP.NET MVC or an ASP.NET Web Forms site — then you need to use Ajax. Otherwise, you are just being cruel to your customers. We use Ajax extensively in several of the ASP.NET applications that my company, Superexpert.com, builds. We expose data from the server as JSON and use jQuery to retrieve and update that data from the browser. One challenge, when building an ASP.NET website, is deciding on which technology to use to expose JSON data from the server. For example, how do you expose a list of products from the server as JSON so you can retrieve the list of products with jQuery? You have a number of options (too many options) including ASMX Web services, WCF Web Services, ASHX Generic Handlers, WCF Data Services, and MVC controller actions. Fortunately, the world has just been simplified. With the release of ASP.NET 4 Beta, Microsoft has introduced a new technology for exposing JSON from the server named the ASP.NET Web API. You can use the ASP.NET Web API with both ASP.NET MVC and ASP.NET Web Forms applications. The goal of this blog post is to provide you with a brief overview of the features of the new ASP.NET Web API. You learn how to use the ASP.NET Web API to retrieve, insert, update, and delete database records with jQuery. We also discuss how you can perform form validation when using the Web API and use OData when using the Web API. Creating an ASP.NET Web API Controller The ASP.NET Web API exposes JSON data through a new type of controller called an API controller. You can add an API controller to an existing ASP.NET MVC 4 project through the standard Add Controller dialog box. Right-click your Controllers folder and select Add, Controller. In the dialog box, name your controller MovieController and select the Empty API controller template: A brand new API controller looks like this: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Controllers { public class MovieController : ApiController { } } An API controller, unlike a standard MVC controller, derives from the base ApiController class instead of the base Controller class. Using jQuery to Retrieve, Insert, Update, and Delete Data Let’s create an Ajaxified Movie Database application. We’ll retrieve, insert, update, and delete movies using jQuery with the MovieController which we just created. Our Movie model class looks like this: namespace MyWebAPIApp.Models { public class Movie { public int Id { get; set; } public string Title { get; set; } public string Director { get; set; } } } Our application will consist of a single HTML page named Movies.html. We’ll place all of our jQuery code in the Movies.html page. Getting a Single Record with the ASP.NET Web API To support retrieving a single movie from the server, we need to add a Get method to our API controller: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; using MyWebAPIApp.Models; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Controllers { public class MovieController : ApiController { public Movie GetMovie(int id) { // Return movie by id if (id == 1) { return new Movie { Id = 1, Title = "Star Wars", Director = "Lucas" }; } // Otherwise, movie was not found throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); } } } In the code above, the GetMovie() method accepts the Id of a movie. If the Id has the value 1 then the method returns the movie Star Wars. Otherwise, the method throws an exception and returns 404 Not Found HTTP status code. After building your project, you can invoke the MovieController.GetMovie() method by entering the following URL in your web browser address bar: http://localhost:[port]/api/movie/1 (You’ll need to enter the correct randomly generated port). In the URL api/movie/1, the first “api” segment indicates that this is a Web API route. The “movie” segment indicates that the MovieController should be invoked. You do not specify the name of the action. Instead, the HTTP method used to make the request – GET, POST, PUT, DELETE — is used to identify the action to invoke. The ASP.NET Web API uses different routing conventions than normal ASP.NET MVC controllers. When you make an HTTP GET request then any API controller method with a name that starts with “GET” is invoked. So, we could have called our API controller action GetPopcorn() instead of GetMovie() and it would still be invoked by the URL api/movie/1. The default route for the Web API is defined in the Global.asax file and it looks like this: routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "DefaultApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional } ); We can invoke our GetMovie() controller action with the jQuery code in the following HTML page: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Get Movie</title> </head> <body> <div> Title: <span id="title"></span> </div> <div> Director: <span id="director"></span> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> getMovie(1, function (movie) { $("#title").html(movie.Title); $("#director").html(movie.Director); }); function getMovie(id, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: { id: id }, type: "GET", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 200: function (movie) { callback(movie); }, 404: function () { alert("Not Found!"); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> In the code above, the jQuery $.ajax() method is used to invoke the GetMovie() method. Notice that the Ajax call handles two HTTP response codes. When the GetMove() method successfully returns a movie, the method returns a 200 status code. In that case, the details of the movie are displayed in the HTML page. Otherwise, if the movie is not found, the GetMovie() method returns a 404 status code. In that case, the page simply displays an alert box indicating that the movie was not found (hopefully, you would implement something more graceful in an actual application). You can use your browser’s Developer Tools to see what is going on in the background when you open the HTML page (hit F12 in the most recent version of most browsers). For example, you can use the Network tab in Google Chrome to see the Ajax request which invokes the GetMovie() method: Getting a Set of Records with the ASP.NET Web API Let’s modify our Movie API controller so that it returns a collection of movies. The following Movie controller has a new ListMovies() method which returns a (hard-coded) collection of movies: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; using MyWebAPIApp.Models; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Controllers { public class MovieController : ApiController { public IEnumerable<Movie> ListMovies() { return new List<Movie> { new Movie {Id=1, Title="Star Wars", Director="Lucas"}, new Movie {Id=1, Title="King Kong", Director="Jackson"}, new Movie {Id=1, Title="Memento", Director="Nolan"} }; } } } Because we named our action ListMovies(), the default Web API route will never match it. Therefore, we need to add the following custom route to our Global.asax file (at the top of the RegisterRoutes() method): routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "ActionApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional } ); This route enables us to invoke the ListMovies() method with the URL /api/movie/listmovies. Now that we have exposed our collection of movies from the server, we can retrieve and display the list of movies using jQuery in our HTML page: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>List Movies</title> </head> <body> <div id="movies"></div> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> listMovies(function (movies) { var strMovies=""; $.each(movies, function (index, movie) { strMovies += "<div>" + movie.Title + "</div>"; }); $("#movies").html(strMovies); }); function listMovies(callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie/ListMovies", data: {}, type: "GET", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", }).then(function(movies){ callback(movies); }); } </script> </body> </html>     Inserting a Record with the ASP.NET Web API Now let’s modify our Movie API controller so it supports creating new records: public HttpResponseMessage<Movie> PostMovie(Movie movieToCreate) { // Add movieToCreate to the database and update primary key movieToCreate.Id = 23; // Build a response that contains the location of the new movie var response = new HttpResponseMessage<Movie>(movieToCreate, HttpStatusCode.Created); var relativePath = "/api/movie/" + movieToCreate.Id; response.Headers.Location = new Uri(Request.RequestUri, relativePath); return response; } The PostMovie() method in the code above accepts a movieToCreate parameter. We don’t actually store the new movie anywhere. In real life, you will want to call a service method to store the new movie in a database. When you create a new resource, such as a new movie, you should return the location of the new resource. In the code above, the URL where the new movie can be retrieved is assigned to the Location header returned in the PostMovie() response. Because the name of our method starts with “Post”, we don’t need to create a custom route. The PostMovie() method can be invoked with the URL /Movie/PostMovie – just as long as the method is invoked within the context of a HTTP POST request. The following HTML page invokes the PostMovie() method. <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Create Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var movieToCreate = { title: "The Hobbit", director: "Jackson" }; createMovie(movieToCreate, function (newMovie) { alert("New movie created with an Id of " + newMovie.Id); }); function createMovie(movieToCreate, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify( movieToCreate ), type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 201: function (newMovie) { callback(newMovie); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> This page creates a new movie (the Hobbit) by calling the createMovie() method. The page simply displays the Id of the new movie: The HTTP Post operation is performed with the following call to the jQuery $.ajax() method: $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify( movieToCreate ), type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 201: function (newMovie) { callback(newMovie); } } }); Notice that the type of Ajax request is a POST request. This is required to match the PostMovie() method. Notice, furthermore, that the new movie is converted into JSON using JSON.stringify(). The JSON.stringify() method takes a JavaScript object and converts it into a JSON string. Finally, notice that success is represented with a 201 status code. The HttpStatusCode.Created value returned from the PostMovie() method returns a 201 status code. Updating a Record with the ASP.NET Web API Here’s how we can modify the Movie API controller to support updating an existing record. In this case, we need to create a PUT method to handle an HTTP PUT request: public void PutMovie(Movie movieToUpdate) { if (movieToUpdate.Id == 1) { // Update the movie in the database return; } // If you can't find the movie to update throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); } Unlike our PostMovie() method, the PutMovie() method does not return a result. The action either updates the database or, if the movie cannot be found, returns an HTTP Status code of 404. The following HTML page illustrates how you can invoke the PutMovie() method: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Put Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var movieToUpdate = { id: 1, title: "The Hobbit", director: "Jackson" }; updateMovie(movieToUpdate, function () { alert("Movie updated!"); }); function updateMovie(movieToUpdate, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify(movieToUpdate), type: "PUT", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 200: function () { callback(); }, 404: function () { alert("Movie not found!"); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> Deleting a Record with the ASP.NET Web API Here’s the code for deleting a movie: public HttpResponseMessage DeleteMovie(int id) { // Delete the movie from the database // Return status code return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.NoContent); } This method simply deletes the movie (well, not really, but pretend that it does) and returns a No Content status code (204). The following page illustrates how you can invoke the DeleteMovie() action: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Delete Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> deleteMovie(1, function () { alert("Movie deleted!"); }); function deleteMovie(id, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify({id:id}), type: "DELETE", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 204: function () { callback(); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> Performing Validation How do you perform form validation when using the ASP.NET Web API? Because validation in ASP.NET MVC is driven by the Default Model Binder, and because the Web API uses the Default Model Binder, you get validation for free. Let’s modify our Movie class so it includes some of the standard validation attributes: using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Models { public class Movie { public int Id { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage="Title is required!")] [StringLength(5, ErrorMessage="Title cannot be more than 5 characters!")] public string Title { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage="Director is required!")] public string Director { get; set; } } } In the code above, the Required validation attribute is used to make both the Title and Director properties required. The StringLength attribute is used to require the length of the movie title to be no more than 5 characters. Now let’s modify our PostMovie() action to validate a movie before adding the movie to the database: public HttpResponseMessage PostMovie(Movie movieToCreate) { // Validate movie if (!ModelState.IsValid) { var errors = new JsonArray(); foreach (var prop in ModelState.Values) { if (prop.Errors.Any()) { errors.Add(prop.Errors.First().ErrorMessage); } } return new HttpResponseMessage<JsonValue>(errors, HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); } // Add movieToCreate to the database and update primary key movieToCreate.Id = 23; // Build a response that contains the location of the new movie var response = new HttpResponseMessage<Movie>(movieToCreate, HttpStatusCode.Created); var relativePath = "/api/movie/" + movieToCreate.Id; response.Headers.Location = new Uri(Request.RequestUri, relativePath); return response; } If ModelState.IsValid has the value false then the errors in model state are copied to a new JSON array. Each property – such as the Title and Director property — can have multiple errors. In the code above, only the first error message is copied over. The JSON array is returned with a Bad Request status code (400 status code). The following HTML page illustrates how you can invoke our modified PostMovie() action and display any error messages: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Create Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var movieToCreate = { title: "The Hobbit", director: "" }; createMovie(movieToCreate, function (newMovie) { alert("New movie created with an Id of " + newMovie.Id); }, function (errors) { var strErrors = ""; $.each(errors, function(index, err) { strErrors += "*" + err + "\n"; }); alert(strErrors); } ); function createMovie(movieToCreate, success, fail) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify(movieToCreate), type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 201: function (newMovie) { success(newMovie); }, 400: function (xhr) { var errors = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText); fail(errors); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> The createMovie() function performs an Ajax request and handles either a 201 or a 400 status code from the response. If a 201 status code is returned then there were no validation errors and the new movie was created. If, on the other hand, a 400 status code is returned then there was a validation error. The validation errors are retrieved from the XmlHttpRequest responseText property. The error messages are displayed in an alert: (Please don’t use JavaScript alert dialogs to display validation errors, I just did it this way out of pure laziness) This validation code in our PostMovie() method is pretty generic. There is nothing specific about this code to the PostMovie() method. In the following video, Jon Galloway demonstrates how to create a global Validation filter which can be used with any API controller action: http://www.asp.net/web-api/overview/web-api-routing-and-actions/video-custom-validation His validation filter looks like this: using System.Json; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http.Controllers; using System.Web.Http.Filters; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Filters { public class ValidationActionFilter:ActionFilterAttribute { public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext actionContext) { var modelState = actionContext.ModelState; if (!modelState.IsValid) { dynamic errors = new JsonObject(); foreach (var key in modelState.Keys) { var state = modelState[key]; if (state.Errors.Any()) { errors[key] = state.Errors.First().ErrorMessage; } } actionContext.Response = new HttpResponseMessage<JsonValue>(errors, HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); } } } } And you can register the validation filter in the Application_Start() method in the Global.asax file like this: GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Filters.Add(new ValidationActionFilter()); After you register the Validation filter, validation error messages are returned from any API controller action method automatically when validation fails. You don’t need to add any special logic to any of your API controller actions to take advantage of the filter. Querying using OData The OData protocol is an open protocol created by Microsoft which enables you to perform queries over the web. The official website for OData is located here: http://odata.org For example, here are some of the query options which you can use with OData: · $orderby – Enables you to retrieve results in a certain order. · $top – Enables you to retrieve a certain number of results. · $skip – Enables you to skip over a certain number of results (use with $top for paging). · $filter – Enables you to filter the results returned. The ASP.NET Web API supports a subset of the OData protocol. You can use all of the query options listed above when interacting with an API controller. The only requirement is that the API controller action returns its data as IQueryable. For example, the following Movie controller has an action named GetMovies() which returns an IQueryable of movies: public IQueryable<Movie> GetMovies() { return new List<Movie> { new Movie {Id=1, Title="Star Wars", Director="Lucas"}, new Movie {Id=2, Title="King Kong", Director="Jackson"}, new Movie {Id=3, Title="Willow", Director="Lucas"}, new Movie {Id=4, Title="Shrek", Director="Smith"}, new Movie {Id=5, Title="Memento", Director="Nolan"} }.AsQueryable(); } If you enter the following URL in your browser: /api/movie?$top=2&$orderby=Title Then you will limit the movies returned to the top 2 in order of the movie Title. You will get the following results: By using the $top option in combination with the $skip option, you can enable client-side paging. For example, you can use $top and $skip to page through thousands of products, 10 products at a time. The $filter query option is very powerful. You can use this option to filter the results from a query. Here are some examples: Return every movie directed by Lucas: /api/movie?$filter=Director eq ‘Lucas’ Return every movie which has a title which starts with ‘S’: /api/movie?$filter=startswith(Title,’S') Return every movie which has an Id greater than 2: /api/movie?$filter=Id gt 2 The complete documentation for the $filter option is located here: http://www.odata.org/developers/protocols/uri-conventions#FilterSystemQueryOption Summary The goal of this blog entry was to provide you with an overview of the new ASP.NET Web API introduced with the Beta release of ASP.NET 4. In this post, I discussed how you can retrieve, insert, update, and delete data by using jQuery with the Web API. I also discussed how you can use the standard validation attributes with the Web API. You learned how to return validation error messages to the client and display the error messages using jQuery. Finally, we briefly discussed how the ASP.NET Web API supports the OData protocol. For example, you learned how to filter records returned from an API controller action by using the $filter query option. I’m excited about the new Web API. This is a feature which I expect to use with almost every ASP.NET application which I build in the future.

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  • Introduction to the ASP.NET Web API

    - by Stephen.Walther
    I am a huge fan of Ajax. If you want to create a great experience for the users of your website – regardless of whether you are building an ASP.NET MVC or an ASP.NET Web Forms site — then you need to use Ajax. Otherwise, you are just being cruel to your customers. We use Ajax extensively in several of the ASP.NET applications that my company, Superexpert.com, builds. We expose data from the server as JSON and use jQuery to retrieve and update that data from the browser. One challenge, when building an ASP.NET website, is deciding on which technology to use to expose JSON data from the server. For example, how do you expose a list of products from the server as JSON so you can retrieve the list of products with jQuery? You have a number of options (too many options) including ASMX Web services, WCF Web Services, ASHX Generic Handlers, WCF Data Services, and MVC controller actions. Fortunately, the world has just been simplified. With the release of ASP.NET 4 Beta, Microsoft has introduced a new technology for exposing JSON from the server named the ASP.NET Web API. You can use the ASP.NET Web API with both ASP.NET MVC and ASP.NET Web Forms applications. The goal of this blog post is to provide you with a brief overview of the features of the new ASP.NET Web API. You learn how to use the ASP.NET Web API to retrieve, insert, update, and delete database records with jQuery. We also discuss how you can perform form validation when using the Web API and use OData when using the Web API. Creating an ASP.NET Web API Controller The ASP.NET Web API exposes JSON data through a new type of controller called an API controller. You can add an API controller to an existing ASP.NET MVC 4 project through the standard Add Controller dialog box. Right-click your Controllers folder and select Add, Controller. In the dialog box, name your controller MovieController and select the Empty API controller template: A brand new API controller looks like this: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Controllers { public class MovieController : ApiController { } } An API controller, unlike a standard MVC controller, derives from the base ApiController class instead of the base Controller class. Using jQuery to Retrieve, Insert, Update, and Delete Data Let’s create an Ajaxified Movie Database application. We’ll retrieve, insert, update, and delete movies using jQuery with the MovieController which we just created. Our Movie model class looks like this: namespace MyWebAPIApp.Models { public class Movie { public int Id { get; set; } public string Title { get; set; } public string Director { get; set; } } } Our application will consist of a single HTML page named Movies.html. We’ll place all of our jQuery code in the Movies.html page. Getting a Single Record with the ASP.NET Web API To support retrieving a single movie from the server, we need to add a Get method to our API controller: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; using MyWebAPIApp.Models; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Controllers { public class MovieController : ApiController { public Movie GetMovie(int id) { // Return movie by id if (id == 1) { return new Movie { Id = 1, Title = "Star Wars", Director = "Lucas" }; } // Otherwise, movie was not found throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); } } } In the code above, the GetMovie() method accepts the Id of a movie. If the Id has the value 1 then the method returns the movie Star Wars. Otherwise, the method throws an exception and returns 404 Not Found HTTP status code. After building your project, you can invoke the MovieController.GetMovie() method by entering the following URL in your web browser address bar: http://localhost:[port]/api/movie/1 (You’ll need to enter the correct randomly generated port). In the URL api/movie/1, the first “api” segment indicates that this is a Web API route. The “movie” segment indicates that the MovieController should be invoked. You do not specify the name of the action. Instead, the HTTP method used to make the request – GET, POST, PUT, DELETE — is used to identify the action to invoke. The ASP.NET Web API uses different routing conventions than normal ASP.NET MVC controllers. When you make an HTTP GET request then any API controller method with a name that starts with “GET” is invoked. So, we could have called our API controller action GetPopcorn() instead of GetMovie() and it would still be invoked by the URL api/movie/1. The default route for the Web API is defined in the Global.asax file and it looks like this: routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "DefaultApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional } ); We can invoke our GetMovie() controller action with the jQuery code in the following HTML page: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Get Movie</title> </head> <body> <div> Title: <span id="title"></span> </div> <div> Director: <span id="director"></span> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> getMovie(1, function (movie) { $("#title").html(movie.Title); $("#director").html(movie.Director); }); function getMovie(id, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: { id: id }, type: "GET", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 200: function (movie) { callback(movie); }, 404: function () { alert("Not Found!"); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> In the code above, the jQuery $.ajax() method is used to invoke the GetMovie() method. Notice that the Ajax call handles two HTTP response codes. When the GetMove() method successfully returns a movie, the method returns a 200 status code. In that case, the details of the movie are displayed in the HTML page. Otherwise, if the movie is not found, the GetMovie() method returns a 404 status code. In that case, the page simply displays an alert box indicating that the movie was not found (hopefully, you would implement something more graceful in an actual application). You can use your browser’s Developer Tools to see what is going on in the background when you open the HTML page (hit F12 in the most recent version of most browsers). For example, you can use the Network tab in Google Chrome to see the Ajax request which invokes the GetMovie() method: Getting a Set of Records with the ASP.NET Web API Let’s modify our Movie API controller so that it returns a collection of movies. The following Movie controller has a new ListMovies() method which returns a (hard-coded) collection of movies: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; using MyWebAPIApp.Models; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Controllers { public class MovieController : ApiController { public IEnumerable<Movie> ListMovies() { return new List<Movie> { new Movie {Id=1, Title="Star Wars", Director="Lucas"}, new Movie {Id=1, Title="King Kong", Director="Jackson"}, new Movie {Id=1, Title="Memento", Director="Nolan"} }; } } } Because we named our action ListMovies(), the default Web API route will never match it. Therefore, we need to add the following custom route to our Global.asax file (at the top of the RegisterRoutes() method): routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "ActionApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional } ); This route enables us to invoke the ListMovies() method with the URL /api/movie/listmovies. Now that we have exposed our collection of movies from the server, we can retrieve and display the list of movies using jQuery in our HTML page: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>List Movies</title> </head> <body> <div id="movies"></div> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> listMovies(function (movies) { var strMovies=""; $.each(movies, function (index, movie) { strMovies += "<div>" + movie.Title + "</div>"; }); $("#movies").html(strMovies); }); function listMovies(callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie/ListMovies", data: {}, type: "GET", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", }).then(function(movies){ callback(movies); }); } </script> </body> </html>     Inserting a Record with the ASP.NET Web API Now let’s modify our Movie API controller so it supports creating new records: public HttpResponseMessage<Movie> PostMovie(Movie movieToCreate) { // Add movieToCreate to the database and update primary key movieToCreate.Id = 23; // Build a response that contains the location of the new movie var response = new HttpResponseMessage<Movie>(movieToCreate, HttpStatusCode.Created); var relativePath = "/api/movie/" + movieToCreate.Id; response.Headers.Location = new Uri(Request.RequestUri, relativePath); return response; } The PostMovie() method in the code above accepts a movieToCreate parameter. We don’t actually store the new movie anywhere. In real life, you will want to call a service method to store the new movie in a database. When you create a new resource, such as a new movie, you should return the location of the new resource. In the code above, the URL where the new movie can be retrieved is assigned to the Location header returned in the PostMovie() response. Because the name of our method starts with “Post”, we don’t need to create a custom route. The PostMovie() method can be invoked with the URL /Movie/PostMovie – just as long as the method is invoked within the context of a HTTP POST request. The following HTML page invokes the PostMovie() method. <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Create Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var movieToCreate = { title: "The Hobbit", director: "Jackson" }; createMovie(movieToCreate, function (newMovie) { alert("New movie created with an Id of " + newMovie.Id); }); function createMovie(movieToCreate, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify( movieToCreate ), type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 201: function (newMovie) { callback(newMovie); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> This page creates a new movie (the Hobbit) by calling the createMovie() method. The page simply displays the Id of the new movie: The HTTP Post operation is performed with the following call to the jQuery $.ajax() method: $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify( movieToCreate ), type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 201: function (newMovie) { callback(newMovie); } } }); Notice that the type of Ajax request is a POST request. This is required to match the PostMovie() method. Notice, furthermore, that the new movie is converted into JSON using JSON.stringify(). The JSON.stringify() method takes a JavaScript object and converts it into a JSON string. Finally, notice that success is represented with a 201 status code. The HttpStatusCode.Created value returned from the PostMovie() method returns a 201 status code. Updating a Record with the ASP.NET Web API Here’s how we can modify the Movie API controller to support updating an existing record. In this case, we need to create a PUT method to handle an HTTP PUT request: public void PutMovie(Movie movieToUpdate) { if (movieToUpdate.Id == 1) { // Update the movie in the database return; } // If you can't find the movie to update throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); } Unlike our PostMovie() method, the PutMovie() method does not return a result. The action either updates the database or, if the movie cannot be found, returns an HTTP Status code of 404. The following HTML page illustrates how you can invoke the PutMovie() method: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Put Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var movieToUpdate = { id: 1, title: "The Hobbit", director: "Jackson" }; updateMovie(movieToUpdate, function () { alert("Movie updated!"); }); function updateMovie(movieToUpdate, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify(movieToUpdate), type: "PUT", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 200: function () { callback(); }, 404: function () { alert("Movie not found!"); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> Deleting a Record with the ASP.NET Web API Here’s the code for deleting a movie: public HttpResponseMessage DeleteMovie(int id) { // Delete the movie from the database // Return status code return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.NoContent); } This method simply deletes the movie (well, not really, but pretend that it does) and returns a No Content status code (204). The following page illustrates how you can invoke the DeleteMovie() action: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Delete Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> deleteMovie(1, function () { alert("Movie deleted!"); }); function deleteMovie(id, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify({id:id}), type: "DELETE", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 204: function () { callback(); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> Performing Validation How do you perform form validation when using the ASP.NET Web API? Because validation in ASP.NET MVC is driven by the Default Model Binder, and because the Web API uses the Default Model Binder, you get validation for free. Let’s modify our Movie class so it includes some of the standard validation attributes: using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Models { public class Movie { public int Id { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage="Title is required!")] [StringLength(5, ErrorMessage="Title cannot be more than 5 characters!")] public string Title { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage="Director is required!")] public string Director { get; set; } } } In the code above, the Required validation attribute is used to make both the Title and Director properties required. The StringLength attribute is used to require the length of the movie title to be no more than 5 characters. Now let’s modify our PostMovie() action to validate a movie before adding the movie to the database: public HttpResponseMessage PostMovie(Movie movieToCreate) { // Validate movie if (!ModelState.IsValid) { var errors = new JsonArray(); foreach (var prop in ModelState.Values) { if (prop.Errors.Any()) { errors.Add(prop.Errors.First().ErrorMessage); } } return new HttpResponseMessage<JsonValue>(errors, HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); } // Add movieToCreate to the database and update primary key movieToCreate.Id = 23; // Build a response that contains the location of the new movie var response = new HttpResponseMessage<Movie>(movieToCreate, HttpStatusCode.Created); var relativePath = "/api/movie/" + movieToCreate.Id; response.Headers.Location = new Uri(Request.RequestUri, relativePath); return response; } If ModelState.IsValid has the value false then the errors in model state are copied to a new JSON array. Each property – such as the Title and Director property — can have multiple errors. In the code above, only the first error message is copied over. The JSON array is returned with a Bad Request status code (400 status code). The following HTML page illustrates how you can invoke our modified PostMovie() action and display any error messages: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Create Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var movieToCreate = { title: "The Hobbit", director: "" }; createMovie(movieToCreate, function (newMovie) { alert("New movie created with an Id of " + newMovie.Id); }, function (errors) { var strErrors = ""; $.each(errors, function(index, err) { strErrors += "*" + err + "n"; }); alert(strErrors); } ); function createMovie(movieToCreate, success, fail) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify(movieToCreate), type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 201: function (newMovie) { success(newMovie); }, 400: function (xhr) { var errors = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText); fail(errors); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> The createMovie() function performs an Ajax request and handles either a 201 or a 400 status code from the response. If a 201 status code is returned then there were no validation errors and the new movie was created. If, on the other hand, a 400 status code is returned then there was a validation error. The validation errors are retrieved from the XmlHttpRequest responseText property. The error messages are displayed in an alert: (Please don’t use JavaScript alert dialogs to display validation errors, I just did it this way out of pure laziness) This validation code in our PostMovie() method is pretty generic. There is nothing specific about this code to the PostMovie() method. In the following video, Jon Galloway demonstrates how to create a global Validation filter which can be used with any API controller action: http://www.asp.net/web-api/overview/web-api-routing-and-actions/video-custom-validation His validation filter looks like this: using System.Json; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http.Controllers; using System.Web.Http.Filters; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Filters { public class ValidationActionFilter:ActionFilterAttribute { public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext actionContext) { var modelState = actionContext.ModelState; if (!modelState.IsValid) { dynamic errors = new JsonObject(); foreach (var key in modelState.Keys) { var state = modelState[key]; if (state.Errors.Any()) { errors[key] = state.Errors.First().ErrorMessage; } } actionContext.Response = new HttpResponseMessage<JsonValue>(errors, HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); } } } } And you can register the validation filter in the Application_Start() method in the Global.asax file like this: GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Filters.Add(new ValidationActionFilter()); After you register the Validation filter, validation error messages are returned from any API controller action method automatically when validation fails. You don’t need to add any special logic to any of your API controller actions to take advantage of the filter. Querying using OData The OData protocol is an open protocol created by Microsoft which enables you to perform queries over the web. The official website for OData is located here: http://odata.org For example, here are some of the query options which you can use with OData: · $orderby – Enables you to retrieve results in a certain order. · $top – Enables you to retrieve a certain number of results. · $skip – Enables you to skip over a certain number of results (use with $top for paging). · $filter – Enables you to filter the results returned. The ASP.NET Web API supports a subset of the OData protocol. You can use all of the query options listed above when interacting with an API controller. The only requirement is that the API controller action returns its data as IQueryable. For example, the following Movie controller has an action named GetMovies() which returns an IQueryable of movies: public IQueryable<Movie> GetMovies() { return new List<Movie> { new Movie {Id=1, Title="Star Wars", Director="Lucas"}, new Movie {Id=2, Title="King Kong", Director="Jackson"}, new Movie {Id=3, Title="Willow", Director="Lucas"}, new Movie {Id=4, Title="Shrek", Director="Smith"}, new Movie {Id=5, Title="Memento", Director="Nolan"} }.AsQueryable(); } If you enter the following URL in your browser: /api/movie?$top=2&$orderby=Title Then you will limit the movies returned to the top 2 in order of the movie Title. You will get the following results: By using the $top option in combination with the $skip option, you can enable client-side paging. For example, you can use $top and $skip to page through thousands of products, 10 products at a time. The $filter query option is very powerful. You can use this option to filter the results from a query. Here are some examples: Return every movie directed by Lucas: /api/movie?$filter=Director eq ‘Lucas’ Return every movie which has a title which starts with ‘S’: /api/movie?$filter=startswith(Title,’S') Return every movie which has an Id greater than 2: /api/movie?$filter=Id gt 2 The complete documentation for the $filter option is located here: http://www.odata.org/developers/protocols/uri-conventions#FilterSystemQueryOption Summary The goal of this blog entry was to provide you with an overview of the new ASP.NET Web API introduced with the Beta release of ASP.NET 4. In this post, I discussed how you can retrieve, insert, update, and delete data by using jQuery with the Web API. I also discussed how you can use the standard validation attributes with the Web API. You learned how to return validation error messages to the client and display the error messages using jQuery. Finally, we briefly discussed how the ASP.NET Web API supports the OData protocol. For example, you learned how to filter records returned from an API controller action by using the $filter query option. I’m excited about the new Web API. This is a feature which I expect to use with almost every ASP.NET application which I build in the future.

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  • WPF: adding Style to a slider

    - by user279244
    Hi I am using a Slider and putting a style element over it as follows... But however, I am not able to figure out why the style is not getting reflected. The RepeatButtons are not still visible. Thanks in advance <ResourceDictionary> <LinearGradientBrush x:Key="Stroke_Gradient" EndPoint="0.5,1" StartPoint="0.5,0"> <GradientStop Color="#FF6E6E6E" Offset="0"/> <GradientStop Color="#FFFFFFFF" Offset="0.496"/> <GradientStop Color="#FF6E6E6E" Offset="1"/> </LinearGradientBrush> <Style x:Key="ScrollBar_RepeatButtonStyle1" d:IsControlPart="True" TargetType="{x:Type RepeatButton}"> <Setter Property="Background" Value="#FF6E6E6E"/> <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="#FFFFFFFF"/> <Setter Property="IsTabStop" Value="false"/> <Setter Property="Focusable" Value="false"/> <Setter Property="Template"> <Setter.Value> <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type RepeatButton}"> <Grid> <Rectangle Fill="{TemplateBinding Background}" Stroke="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" StrokeThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}"/> </Grid> </ControlTemplate> </Setter.Value> </Setter> </Style> <ImageBrush x:Key="zoomBkgrnd" TileMode="None" ImageSource="zoombg.png" Stretch="Uniform"/> <Style x:Key="{x:Type Slider}" TargetType="{x:Type Slider}"> <Setter Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource zoomBkgrnd}"/> <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="{StaticResource zoomBkgrnd}"/> <Setter Property="Template"> <Setter.Value> <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Slider}"> <Grid x:Name="GridRoot"> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/> <RowDefinition Height="Auto" /> <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <!-- TickBar shows the ticks for Slider --> <TickBar Visibility="Collapsed" x:Name="TopTick" Height="4" SnapsToDevicePixels="True" Placement="Top" Fill="{StaticResource zoomBkgrnd}"/> <Border Grid.Row="1" Margin="0" x:Name="Border" Height="4" Background="{StaticResource zoomBkgrnd}" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" CornerRadius="2"/> <!-- The Track lays out the repeat buttons and thumb --> <Track Grid.Row="1" x:Name="PART_Track"> <Track.Thumb> <Thumb Width="10" Height="20" /> </Track.Thumb> <Track.IncreaseRepeatButton> <RepeatButton Style="{DynamicResource ScrollBar_RepeatButtonStyle1}" Command="Slider.IncreaseLarge"/> </Track.IncreaseRepeatButton> <Track.DecreaseRepeatButton> <RepeatButton Style="{DynamicResource ScrollBar_RepeatButtonStyle1}" Command="Slider.DecreaseLarge"/> </Track.DecreaseRepeatButton> </Track> <TickBar Visibility="Collapsed" Grid.Row="2" x:Name="BottomTick" Height="4" SnapsToDevicePixels="True" Placement="Bottom" Fill="{TemplateBinding Foreground}"/> </Grid> <ControlTemplate.Triggers> <Trigger Property="TickPlacement" Value="TopLeft"> <Setter Property="Visibility" Value="Visible" TargetName="TopTick"/> </Trigger> <Trigger Property="TickPlacement" Value="BottomRight"> <Setter Property="Visibility" Value="Visible" TargetName="BottomTick"/> </Trigger> <Trigger Property="TickPlacement" Value="Both"> <Setter Property="Visibility" Value="Visible" TargetName="TopTick"/> <Setter Property="Visibility" Value="Visible" TargetName="BottomTick"/> </Trigger> <Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="false"> <Setter Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource zoomBkgrnd}" TargetName="Border"/> <Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="{StaticResource zoomBkgrnd}" TargetName="Border"/> </Trigger> <!-- Use a rotation to create a Vertical Slider form the default Horizontal --> <Trigger Property="Orientation" Value="Vertical"> <Setter Property="LayoutTransform" TargetName="GridRoot"> <Setter.Value> <RotateTransform Angle="-90"/> </Setter.Value> </Setter> <!-- Track rotates itself based on orientation so need to force it back --> <Setter TargetName="PART_Track" Property="Orientation" Value="Horizontal"/> </Trigger> </ControlTemplate.Triggers> </ControlTemplate> </Setter.Value> </Setter> </Style> </ResourceDictionary>

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  • Am I going about this the right way?

    - by Psytronic
    Hey Guys, I'm starting a WPF project, and just finished the base of the UI, it seems very convoluted though, so I'm not sure if I've gone around laying it out in the right way. I don't want to get to start developing the back-end and realise that I've done the front wrong, and make life harder for myself. Coming from a background of <DIV's and CSS to style this is a lot different, and really want to get it right from the start. Essentially it's a one week calendar (7 days, Mon-Sunday, defaulting to the current week.) Which will eventually link up to a DB and if I have an appointment for something on this day it will show it in the relevant day. I've opted for a Grid rather than ListView because of the way it will work I will not be binding the results to a collection or anything along those lines. Rather I will be filling out a Combo box within the canvas for each day (yet to be placed in the code) for each event and on selection it will show me further details. XAML: <Window x:Class="WOW_Widget.Window1" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:s="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib" xmlns:Extensions="clr-namespace:WOW_Widget" DataContext="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}}" Title="Window1" Height="239" Width="831" <Window.Resources <LinearGradientBrush x:Key="NormalBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1" <GradientBrush.GradientStops <GradientStopCollection <GradientStop Offset="1.0" Color="White"/ <GradientStop Offset="0.0" Color="LightSlateGray"/ </GradientStopCollection </GradientBrush.GradientStops </LinearGradientBrush <LinearGradientBrush x:Key="grdDayHeader" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1" <GradientBrush.GradientStops <GradientStopCollection <GradientStop Offset="0.0" Color="Peru" / <GradientStop Offset="1.0" Color="White" / </GradientStopCollection </GradientBrush.GradientStops </LinearGradientBrush <LinearGradientBrush x:Key="grdToday" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1" <GradientBrush.GradientStops <GradientStopCollection <GradientStop Offset="0.0" Color="LimeGreen"/ <GradientStop Offset="1.0" Color="DarkGreen" / </GradientStopCollection </GradientBrush.GradientStops </LinearGradientBrush <Style TargetType="{x:Type GridViewColumnHeader}" <Setter Property="Background" Value="Khaki" / </Style <Style x:Key="DayHeader" TargetType="{x:Type Label}" <Setter Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource grdDayHeader}" / <Setter Property="Width" Value="111" / <Setter Property="Height" Value="25" / <Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="Center" / </Style <Style x:Key="DayField" <Setter Property="Canvas.Width" Value="111" / <Setter Property="Canvas.Height" Value="60" / <Setter Property="Canvas.Background" Value="White" / </Style <Style x:Key="Today" <Setter Property="Canvas.Background" Value="{StaticResource grdToday}" / </Style <Style x:Key="CalendarColSpacer" <Setter Property="Canvas.Width" Value="1" / <Setter Property="Canvas.Background" Value="Black" / </Style <Style x:Key="CalendarRowSpacer" <Setter Property="Canvas.Height" Value="1" / <Setter Property="Canvas.Background" Value="Black" / </Style </Window.Resources <Grid Background="{StaticResource NormalBrush}" <Border BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="1" Width="785" Height="86" Margin="12,12,12,104" <Canvas Height="86" Width="785" VerticalAlignment="Top" <Grid <Grid.ColumnDefinitions <ColumnDefinition / <ColumnDefinition / <ColumnDefinition / <ColumnDefinition / <ColumnDefinition / <ColumnDefinition / <ColumnDefinition / <ColumnDefinition / <ColumnDefinition / <ColumnDefinition / <ColumnDefinition / <ColumnDefinition / <ColumnDefinition / </Grid.ColumnDefinitions <Grid.RowDefinitions <RowDefinition / <RowDefinition / <RowDefinition / </Grid.RowDefinitions <Label Grid.Column="0" Grid.Row="0" Content="Monday" Style="{StaticResource DayHeader}" / <Canvas Grid.Column="1" Grid.RowSpan="3" Grid.Row="0" Style="{StaticResource CalendarColSpacer}" / <Label Grid.Column="2" Grid.Row="0" Content="Tuesday" Style="{StaticResource DayHeader}" / <Canvas Grid.Column="3" Grid.RowSpan="3" Grid.Row="0" Style="{StaticResource CalendarColSpacer}" / <Label Grid.Column="4" Grid.Row="0" Content="Wednesday" Style="{StaticResource DayHeader}" / <Canvas Grid.Column="5" Grid.RowSpan="3" Grid.Row="0" Style="{StaticResource CalendarColSpacer}" / <Label Grid.Column="6" Grid.Row="0" Content="Thursday" Style="{StaticResource DayHeader}" / <Canvas Grid.Column="7" Grid.RowSpan="3" Grid.Row="0" Style="{StaticResource CalendarColSpacer}" / <Label Grid.Column="8" Grid.Row="0" Content="Friday" Style="{StaticResource DayHeader}" / <Canvas Grid.Column="9" Grid.RowSpan="3" Grid.Row="0" Style="{StaticResource CalendarColSpacer}" / <Label Grid.Column="10" Grid.Row="0" Content="Saturday" Style="{StaticResource DayHeader}" / <Canvas Grid.Column="11" Grid.RowSpan="3" Grid.Row="0" Style="{StaticResource CalendarColSpacer}" / <Label Grid.Column="12" Grid.Row="0" Content="Sunday" Style="{StaticResource DayHeader}" / <Canvas Grid.Column="0" Grid.ColumnSpan="13" Grid.Row="1" Style="{StaticResource CalendarRowSpacer}" / <Canvas Grid.Column="0" Grid.Row="2" Margin="0" Style="{StaticResource DayField}" <Label Name="lblMondayDate" / </Canvas <Canvas Grid.Column="2" Grid.Row="2" Margin="0" Style="{StaticResource DayField}" <Label Name="lblTuesdayDate" / </Canvas <Canvas Grid.Column="4" Grid.Row="2" Margin="0" Style="{StaticResource DayField}" <Label Name="lblWednesdayDate" / </Canvas <Canvas Grid.Column="6" Grid.Row="2" Margin="0" Style="{StaticResource DayField}" <Label Name="lblThursdayDate" / </Canvas <Canvas Grid.Column="8" Grid.Row="2" Margin="0" Style="{StaticResource DayField}" <Label Name="lblFridayDate" / </Canvas <Canvas Grid.Column="10" Grid.Row="2" Margin="0" Style="{StaticResource DayField}" <Label Name="lblSaturdayDate" / </Canvas <Canvas Grid.Column="12" Grid.Row="2" Margin="0" Style="{StaticResource DayField}" <Label Name="lblSundayDate" / </Canvas </Grid </Canvas </Border <Canvas Height="86" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Margin="0,0,12,12" Name="canvas1" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Width="198"</Canvas </Grid </Window CS: public partial class Window1 : Window { private DateTime today = new DateTime(); private Label[] Dates = new Label[7]; public Window1() { DateTime start = today = DateTime.Now; int day = (int)today.DayOfWeek; while (day != 1) { start = start.Subtract(new TimeSpan(1, 0, 0, 0)); day--; } InitializeComponent(); Dates[0] = lblMondayDate; Dates[1] = lblTuesdayDate; Dates[2] = lblWednesdayDate; Dates[3] = lblThursdayDate; Dates[4] = lblFridayDate; Dates[5] = lblSaturdayDate; Dates[6] = lblSundayDate; FillWeek(start); } private void FillWeek(DateTime start) { for (int d = 0; d < Dates.Length; d++) { TimeSpan td = new TimeSpan(d, 0, 0, 0); DateTime _day = start.Add(td); if (_day.Date == today.Date) { Canvas dayCanvas = (Canvas)Dates[d].Parent; dayCanvas.Style = (Style)this.Resources["Today"]; } Dates[d].Content = (int)start.Add(td).Day; } } } Thanks for any tips you guys can give Psytronic

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  • How to Stich to Image objects in Java

    - by Imran
    Hi, I have a scenario in which i`m getting a number of tiles (e.g.12) from my mapping server. Now for buffering and offline functions I need to join them all back again so that we have to deal with 1 single image object instead of 12. I ve tried to do it without JAI my code is below. package imagemerge; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.image.*; import java.awt.event.*; public class ImageSticher extends WindowAdapter { Image tile1; Image tile2; Image result; ColorModel colorModel; int width,height,widthr,heightr; //int t1,t2; int t12[]; public ImageSticher() { } public ImageSticher (Image img1,Image img2,int w,int h) { tile1=img1; tile2=img2; width=w; height=h; colorModel=ColorModel.getRGBdefault(); } public Image horizontalStich() throws Exception { widthr=width*2; heightr=height; t12=new int[widthr * heightr]; int t1[]=new int[width*height]; PixelGrabber p1 =new PixelGrabber(tile1, 0, 0, width, height, t1, 0, width); p1.grabPixels(); int t2[]=new int[width*height]; PixelGrabber p2 =new PixelGrabber(tile2, 0, 0, width, height, t1, 0, width); p2.grabPixels(); int y, x, rp, rpi; int red1, red2, redr; int green1, green2, greenr; int blue1, blue2, bluer; int alpha1, alpha2, alphar; for(y=0;y<heightr;y++) { for(x=0;x<widthr;x++) { //System.out.println(x); rpi=y*widthr+x; // index of resulting pixel; rp=0; //initializing resulting pixel System.out.println(rpi); if(x<(widthr/2)) // x is less than width , copy first tile { //System.out.println("tile1="+x); blue1 = t1[rpi] & 0x00ff; // ERROR occurs here green1=(t1[rpi] >> 8) & 0x00ff; red1=(t1[rpi] >> 16) & 0x00ff; alpha1 = (t1[rpi] >> 24) & 0x00ff; redr = (int)(red1 * 1.0); // copying red band pixel into redresult,,,,1.0 is the alpha valye redr = (redr < 0)?(0):((redr>255)?(255):(redr)); greenr = (int)(green1 * 1.0); // redr = (int)(red1 * 1.0); // greenr = (greenr < 0)?(0):((greenr>255)?(255):(greenr)); bluer = (int)(blue1 * 1.0); bluer = (bluer < 0)?(0):((bluer>255)?(255):(bluer)); alphar = 255; //resulting pixel computed rp = (((((alphar << 8) + (redr & 0x0ff)) << 8) + (greenr & 0x0ff)) << 8) + (bluer & 0x0ff); } else // index is ahead of half way...copy second tile { blue2 = t2[rpi] & 0x00ff; // blue band bit of first tile green2=(t2[rpi] >> 8) & 0x00ff; red2=(t2[rpi] >> 16) & 0x00ff; alpha2 = (t2[rpi] >> 24) & 0x00ff; redr = (int)(red2 * 1.0); // copying red band pixel into redresult,,,,1.0 is the alpha valye redr = (redr < 0)?(0):((redr>255)?(255):(redr)); greenr = (int)(green2 * 1.0); // redr = (int)(red2 * 1.0); // greenr = (greenr < 0)?(0):((greenr>255)?(255):(greenr)); bluer = (int)(blue2 * 1.0); bluer = (bluer < 0)?(0):((bluer>255)?(255):(bluer)); alphar = 255; //resulting pixel computed rp = (((((alphar << 8) + (redr & 0x0ff)) << 8) + (greenr & 0x0ff)) << 8) + (bluer & 0x0ff); } t12[rpi] = rp; // copying resulting pixel in the result int array which will be converted to image } } MemoryImageSource mis; if (t12!=null) { mis = new MemoryImageSource(widthr, heightr, colorModel, t12, 0, widthr); result = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().createImage(mis); return result; } return null; } } now to check the my theory Im trying to join or stich two tiles horizontaly but im getting the error : java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 90000 at imagemerge.ImageSticher.horizontalStich(ImageSticher.java:69) at imageStream.ImageStream.getImage(ImageStream.java:75) at imageStream.ImageStream.main(ImageStream.java:28) is there some kind of limitation because when stiching two images of 300 x 300 horizontally it means the resulting image will be 600 x 300 ... that would make 180000 index size but its giving error at 90000, what am I doing wrong here

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  • Graphics.MeasureCharacterRanges giving wrong size calculations in C#.Net?

    - by Owen Blacker
    I'm trying to render some text into a specific part of an image in a Web Forms app. The text will be user entered, so I want to vary the font size to make sure it fits within the bounding box. I have code that was doing this fine on my proof-of-concept implementation, but I'm now trying it against the assets from the designer, which are larger, and I'm getting some odd results. I'm running the size calculation as follows: StringFormat fmt = new StringFormat(); fmt.Alignment = StringAlignment.Center; fmt.LineAlignment = StringAlignment.Near; fmt.FormatFlags = StringFormatFlags.NoClip; fmt.Trimming = StringTrimming.None; int size = __startingSize; Font font = __fonts.GetFontBySize(size); while (GetStringBounds(text, font, fmt).IsLargerThan(__textBoundingBox)) { context.Trace.Write("MyHandler.ProcessRequest", "Decrementing font size to " + size + ", as size is " + GetStringBounds(text, font, fmt).Size() + " and limit is " + __textBoundingBox.Size()); size--; if (size < __minimumSize) { break; } font = __fonts.GetFontBySize(size); } context.Trace.Write("MyHandler.ProcessRequest", "Writing " + text + " in " + font.FontFamily.Name + " at " + font.SizeInPoints + "pt, size is " + GetStringBounds(text, font, fmt).Size() + " and limit is " + __textBoundingBox.Size()); I then use the following line to render the text onto an image I'm pulling from the filesystem: g.DrawString(text, font, __brush, __textBoundingBox, fmt); where: __fonts is a PrivateFontCollection, PrivateFontCollection.GetFontBySize is an extension method that returns a FontFamily RectangleF __textBoundingBox = new RectangleF(150, 110, 212, 64); int __minimumSize = 8; int __startingSize = 48; Brush __brush = Brushes.White; int size starts out at 48 and decrements within that loop Graphics g has SmoothingMode.AntiAlias and TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias set context is a System.Web.HttpContext (this is an excerpt from the ProcessRequest method of an IHttpHandler) The other methods are: private static RectangleF GetStringBounds(string text, Font font, StringFormat fmt) { CharacterRange[] range = { new CharacterRange(0, text.Length) }; StringFormat myFormat = fmt.Clone() as StringFormat; myFormat.SetMeasurableCharacterRanges(range); using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(new Bitmap( (int) __textBoundingBox.Width - 1, (int) __textBoundingBox.Height - 1))) { g.SmoothingMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.SmoothingMode.AntiAlias; g.TextRenderingHint = System.Drawing.Text.TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias; Region[] regions = g.MeasureCharacterRanges(text, font, __textBoundingBox, myFormat); return regions[0].GetBounds(g); } } public static string Size(this RectangleF rect) { return rect.Width + "×" + rect.Height; } public static bool IsLargerThan(this RectangleF a, RectangleF b) { return (a.Width > b.Width) || (a.Height > b.Height); } Now I have two problems. Firstly, the text sometimes insists on wrapping by inserting a line-break within a word, when it should just fail to fit and cause the while loop to decrement again. I can't see why it is that Graphics.MeasureCharacterRanges thinks that this fits within the box when it shouldn't be word-wrapping within a word. This behaviour is exhibited irrespective of the character set used (I get it in Latin alphabet words, as well as other parts of the Unicode range, like Cyrillic, Greek, Georgian and Armenian). Is there some setting I should be using to force Graphics.MeasureCharacterRanges only to be word-wrapping at whitespace characters (or hyphens)? This first problem is the same as post 2499067. Secondly, in scaling up to the new image and font size, Graphics.MeasureCharacterRanges is giving me heights that are wildly off. The RectangleF I am drawing within corresponds to a visually apparent area of the image, so I can easily see when the text is being decremented more than is necessary. Yet when I pass it some text, the GetBounds call is giving me a height that is almost double what it's actually taking. Using trial and error to set the __minimumSize to force an exit from the while loop, I can see that 24pt text fits within the bounding box, yet Graphics.MeasureCharacterRanges is reporting that the height of that text, once rendered to the image, is 122px (when the bounding box is 64px tall and it fits within that box). Indeed, without forcing the matter, the while loop iterates to 18pt, at which point Graphics.MeasureCharacterRanges returns a value that fits. The trace log excerpt is as follows: Decrementing font size to 24, as size is 193×122 and limit is 212×64 Decrementing font size to 23, as size is 191×117 and limit is 212×64 Decrementing font size to 22, as size is 200×75 and limit is 212×64 Decrementing font size to 21, as size is 192×71 and limit is 212×64 Decrementing font size to 20, as size is 198×68 and limit is 212×64 Decrementing font size to 19, as size is 185×65 and limit is 212×64 Writing VENNEGOOR of HESSELINK in DIN-Black at 18pt, size is 178×61 and limit is 212×64 So why is Graphics.MeasureCharacterRanges giving me a wrong result? I could understand it being, say, the line height of the font if the loop stopped around 21pt (which would visually fit, if I screenshot the results and measure it in Paint.Net), but it's going far further than it should be doing because, frankly, it's returning the wrong damn results. Any and all help gratefully received. Thanks!

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  • Formatting jquery timeline?

    - by Beginner
    I am using a timeline plugin from here This is my current code: <ul id="dates"> <li><a href="#1940s">1940s</a></li> <li><a href="#1950s" class="selected">1950s</a></li> <li><a href="#1960s">1960s</a></li> <li><a href="#1970s">1970s</a></li> <li><a href="#1980s">1980s</a></li> <li><a href="#1990s">1990s</a></li> <li><a href="#2000s">2000s</a></li> </ul> <ul id="issues"> <li id="1940s"><img src="/gfx/timeline/1950.jpg" /> <h1>1940's</h1> <p>Ronald.</p> </li> <li id="1950s"><img src="/gfx/timeline/1960.jpg" /> <h1>1950's</h1> <p>Eddy.</p> </li> <li id="1960s"><img src="/gfx/timeline/1970.jpg" /> <h1>1960's</h1> <p>1960s</p> </li> <li id="1970s"><img src="/gfx/timeline/1980.jpg" /> <h1>1970's</h1> <p>1970s</p> </li> <li id="1980s"><img src="/gfx/timeline/1990.jpg" /> <h1>1980's</h1> <p>1980s</p> </li> <li id="1990s"><img src="/gfx/timeline/1990.jpg" /> <h1>1990's</h1> <p>1990s</p> </li> <li id="2000s"><img src="/gfx/timeline/2000.jpg" /> <h1>2000s</h1> <p>2000s</p> </li> </ul> But I don't understand how I can make it look like this... Any assistance?thanks Current CSS: #timeline { width: 660px; height: 350px; overflow: hidden; margin: 100px auto; position: relative; background: url('Img/vline.png') left 65px repeat-x; } #dates { width: 660px; height: 60px; overflow: hidden; } #dates li { list-style: none; float: left; width: 100px; height: 50px; font-size: 24px; text-align: center; background: url('Img/hline.png') center bottom no-repeat; } #dates a { line-height: 38px; text-decoration:none; color:#999; font-size:15px; font-weight:bold; } #dates .selected { font-size: 38px; color:#000; } #issues { width: 660px; height: 350px; overflow: hidden; } #issues li { width: 660px; height: 350px; list-style: none; float: left; } #issues li img { float: right; margin: 100px 30px 10px 50px; } #issues li h1 { color: #999; font-size: 20px; margin: 20px 0; } #issues li p { font-size: 14px; margin-right: 70px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 22px; }

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