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• Logging Errors with messages in Codeigniter

  - by user1260776

  I’m using codeigniter on a production server, and I’m not able to properly log the errors generated to the file. I edited php.ini like this- error_reporting = E_ALL | E_NOTICE | E_STRICT|E_WARNING display_errors = Off log_errors = On error_log = "/var/log/php-scripts.log" // This is where I would like to log all the errors and notices.. And php-scripts.log is able to show the logs like this- [06-Jun-2012 03:22:20 UTC] PHP Deprecated: Directive 'safe_mode' is deprecated in PHP 5.3 and greater in Unknown on line 0 [06-Jun-2012 03:26:06 UTC] PHP Deprecated: Directive 'safe_mode' is deprecated in PHP 5.3 and greater in Unknown on line 0 [06-Jun-2012 03:30:05 UTC] PHP Deprecated: Directive 'safe_mode' is deprecated in PHP 5.3 and greater in Unknown on line 0 [06-Jun-2012 03:30:07 UTC] PHP Deprecated: Directive 'safe_mode' is deprecated in PHP 5.3 and greater in Unknown on line 0 [06-Jun-2012 03:30:11 UTC] PHP Deprecated: Directive 'safe_mode' is deprecated in PHP 5.3 and greater in Unknown on line 0 Now, the “index.php” settings in my “public_html” folder, (i’ve rest of CI folder outside public_html) I’ve these settings- define('ENVIRONMENT', 'production'); if (defined('ENVIRONMENT')) { switch (ENVIRONMENT) { case 'development': error_reporting(E_ALL); break; case 'testing': case 'production': error_reporting(0); break; default: exit('The application environment is not set correctly.'); } } Though everything seems to be fine, now, I’ll just change Environment to “development”, this is what I get on my website homepage- A PHP Error was encountered Severity: Warning Message: fclose() expects parameter 1 to be resource, null given Filename: core/Common.php Line Number: 91 A PHP Error was encountered Severity: Warning Message: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/theuser/codeigniter/system/core/Exceptions.php:185) Filename: core/Security.php Line Number: 188 The “rest” of the page is also displayed. And when I look at php-scripts.log, I’m not able to see any of these logs there- [06-Jun-2012 03:22:20 UTC] PHP Deprecated: Directive ‘safe_mode’ is deprecated in PHP 5.3 and greater in Unknown on line 0 [06-Jun-2012 03:26:06 UTC] PHP Deprecated: Directive ‘safe_mode’ is deprecated in PHP 5.3 and greater in Unknown on line 0 [06-Jun-2012 03:30:05 UTC] PHP Deprecated: Directive ‘safe_mode’ is deprecated in PHP 5.3 and greater in Unknown on line 0 [06-Jun-2012 03:30:07 UTC] PHP Deprecated: Directive ‘safe_mode’ is deprecated in PHP 5.3 and greater in Unknown on line 0 [06-Jun-2012 03:30:11 UTC] PHP Deprecated: Directive ‘safe_mode’ is deprecated in PHP 5.3 and greater in Unknown on line 0 [06-Jun-2012 03:30:45 UTC] PHP Deprecated: Directive ‘safe_mode’ is deprecated in PHP 5.3 and greater in Unknown on line 0 [06-Jun-2012 03:37:41 UTC] PHP Deprecated: Directive ‘safe_mode’ is deprecated in PHP 5.3 and greater in Unknown on line 0 One more thing is I don’t know how/where codeigniter itself would log all the errors. The permissions of “application/logs” folder is “777”, but there is no log file (I was expecting that CodeIgniter would automatically create a log file, should I create one, if I’ve to log errors there). I’ve set these configurations in config/config.php $config['log_threshold'] = 4; $config['log_path'] = ''; //hoping it would log errors at "default" location... Ideally, I just wish all those errors, warning, and notices (with messages) that were displayed on my webpage were sent to log-file /var/log/php-scripts.log when the “Environment” is “Production”. If it’s not possible, I would also be fine, If i can log it somewhere else. Now, I’m confused as to what should be the settings in the “index.php” page or some other configuration, so as to supress all the errors and warnings on the webpage when environment is "Production", and send all those errors, warnings, and notices to php-scripts.log. (or any other file) my php version is PHP 5.3.13 with Suhosin v0.9.33 Please help me with this. Thank you

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• PHP: How do I loop through every XML file in a directory?

  - by celebritarian

  Hi! I'm building a simple application. It's a user interface to an online order system. Basically, the system is going to work like this: Other companies upload their purchase orders to our FTP server. These orders are simple XML files (containing things like customer data, address information, ordered products and the quantities…) I've built a simple user interface in HTML5, jQuery and CSS — all powered by PHP. PHP reads the content of an order (using the built-in features of SimpleXML) and displays it on the web page. So, it's a web app, supposed to always be running in a browser at the office. The PHP app will display the content of all orders. Every fifteen minutes or so, the app will check for new orders. How do I loop through all XML files in a directory? Right now, my app is able to read the content of a single XML file, and display it in a nice way on the page. My current code looks like this: // pick a random order that I know exists in the Order directory: $xml_file = file_get_contents("Order/6366246.xml",FILE_TEXT); $xml = new SimpleXMLElement($xml_file); // start echo basic order information, like order number: echo $xml->OrderHead->ShopPO; // more information about the order and the customer goes here… echo "<ul>"; // loop through each order line, and echo all quantities and products: foreach ($xml->OrderLines->OrderLine as $orderline) { echo "<tr>\n". "<li>".$orderline->Quantity." st.</li>\n". "<li>".$orderline->SKU."</li>\n"; } echo "</ul>"; // more information about delivery options, address information etc. goes here… So, that's my code. Pretty simple. It only needs to do one thing — print out the content of all order files on the screen — so me and my colleagues can see the order, confirm it and deliver it. That's it. But right now — as you can see — I'm selecting one single order at a time, located in the Order directory. But how do I loop through the entire Order directory, and read aand display the content of each order (like above)? I'm stuck. I don't really know how you get all (xml) files in a directory and then do something with the files (like reading them and echo out the data, like I want to). -- I'd really appreciate some help. I'm not very experienced with PHP/server-side programming, so if you could help me out here I'd be very grateful. Thanks a lot in advance! // Björn (celebritarian at me dot com)

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• How color attributes work in VBO?

  - by Jayesh

  I am coding to OpenGL ES 2.0 (Webgl). I am using VBOs to draw primitives. I have vertex array, color array and array of indices. I have looked at sample codes, books and tutorial, but one thing I don't get - if color is defined per vertex how does it affect the polygonal surfaces adjacent to those vertices? (I am a newbie to OpenGL(ES)) I will explain with an example. I have a cube to draw. From what I read in OpenGLES book, the color is defined as an vertex attribute. In that case, if I want to draw 6 faces of the cube with 6 different colors how should I define the colors. The source of my confusion is: each vertex is common to 3 faces, then how will it help defining a color per vertex? (Or should the color be defined per index?). The fact that we need to subdivide these faces into triangles, makes it harder for me to understand how this relationship works. The same confusion goes for edges. Instead of drawing triangles, let's say I want to draw edges using LINES primitives. Each edge of different color. How am I supposed to define color attributes in that case? I have seen few working examples. Specifically this tutorial: http://learningwebgl.com/blog/?p=370 I see how color array is defined in the above example to draw a cube with 6 different colored faces, but I don't understand why is defined that way. (Why is each color copied 4 times into unpackedColors for instance?) Can someone explain how color attributes work in VBO? [The link above seems inaccessible, so I will post the relevant code here] cubeVertexPositionBuffer = gl.createBuffer(); gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, cubeVertexPositionBuffer); vertices = [ // Front face -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, // Back face -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, // Top face -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, // Bottom face -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, // Right face 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, // Left face -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, ]; gl.bufferData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, new WebGLFloatArray(vertices), gl.STATIC_DRAW); cubeVertexPositionBuffer.itemSize = 3; cubeVertexPositionBuffer.numItems = 24; cubeVertexColorBuffer = gl.createBuffer(); gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, cubeVertexColorBuffer); var colors = [ [1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0], // Front face [1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0], // Back face [0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0], // Top face [1.0, 0.5, 0.5, 1.0], // Bottom face [1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0], // Right face [0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0], // Left face ]; var unpackedColors = [] for (var i in colors) { var color = colors[i]; for (var j=0; j < 4; j++) { unpackedColors = unpackedColors.concat(color); } } gl.bufferData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, new WebGLFloatArray(unpackedColors), gl.STATIC_DRAW); cubeVertexColorBuffer.itemSize = 4; cubeVertexColorBuffer.numItems = 24; cubeVertexIndexBuffer = gl.createBuffer(); gl.bindBuffer(gl.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, cubeVertexIndexBuffer); var cubeVertexIndices = [ 0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3, // Front face 4, 5, 6, 4, 6, 7, // Back face 8, 9, 10, 8, 10, 11, // Top face 12, 13, 14, 12, 14, 15, // Bottom face 16, 17, 18, 16, 18, 19, // Right face 20, 21, 22, 20, 22, 23 // Left face ] gl.bufferData(gl.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, new WebGLUnsignedShortArray(cubeVertexIndices), gl.STATIC_DRAW); cubeVertexIndexBuffer.itemSize = 1; cubeVertexIndexBuffer.numItems = 36;

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• mySQL to XLS using PHP?

  - by kielie

  Hi guys, how can I create a .XLS document from a mySQL table using PHP? I have tried just about everything, with no success. Basically, I need to take form data, and input it into a database, which I have done, and then I need to retrieve that table data and parse it into a microsoft excel file, which needs to be saved automatically onto the web server. <?php // DB TABLE Exporter // // How to use: // // Place this file in a safe place, edit the info just below here // browse to the file, enjoy! // CHANGE THIS STUFF FOR WHAT YOU NEED TO DO $dbhost = "-"; $dbuser = "-"; $dbpass = "-"; $dbname = "-"; $dbtable = "-"; // END CHANGING STUFF $cdate = date("Y-m-d"); // get current date // first thing that we are going to do is make some functions for writing out // and excel file. These functions do some hex writing and to be honest I got // them from some where else but hey it works so I am not going to question it // just reuse // This one makes the beginning of the xls file function xlsBOF() { echo pack("ssssss", 0x809, 0x8, 0x0, 0x10, 0x0, 0x0); return; } // This one makes the end of the xls file function xlsEOF() { echo pack("ss", 0x0A, 0x00); return; } // this will write text in the cell you specify function xlsWriteLabel($Row, $Col, $Value ) { $L = strlen($Value); echo pack("ssssss", 0x204, 8 + $L, $Row, $Col, 0x0, $L); echo $Value; return; } // make the connection an DB query $dbc = mysql_connect( $dbhost , $dbuser , $dbpass ) or die( mysql_error() ); mysql_select_db( $dbname ); $q = "SELECT * FROM ".$dbtable." WHERE date ='$cdate'"; $qr = mysql_query( $q ) or die( mysql_error() ); // start the file xlsBOF(); // these will be used for keeping things in order. $col = 0; $row = 0; // This tells us that we are on the first row $first = true; while( $qrow = mysql_fetch_assoc( $qr ) ) { // Ok we are on the first row // lets make some headers of sorts if( $first ) { foreach( $qrow as $k => $v ) { // take the key and make label // make it uppper case and replace _ with ' ' xlsWriteLabel( $row, $col, strtoupper( ereg_replace( "_" , " " , $k ) ) ); $col++; } // prepare for the first real data row $col = 0; $row++; $first = false; } // go through the data foreach( $qrow as $k => $v ) { // write it out xlsWriteLabel( $row, $col, $v ); $col++; } // reset col and goto next row $col = 0; $row++; } xlsEOF(); exit(); ?> I just can't seem to figure out how to integrate fwrite into all that to write the generated data into a .xls file, how would I go about doing that? I need to get this working quite urgently, so any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanx guys.

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• Ruby on rails model and controllers inside of different namespaces

  - by Nelson LaQuet

  OK. This is insane. I'm new to RoR and I really want to get into it as everything about it that I have seen so far makes it more appealing to the type of work that I do. However, I can't seem to accomplish a very simple thing with RoR. I want these controlers: /admin/blog/entries (index/show/edit/delete) /admin/blog/categories (index/show/edit/delete) /admin/blog/comments (index/show/edit/delete) ... and so on And these models: Blog::Entry (table: blog_entries) Blog::Category (table: blog_categories) Blog::Comments (table: blog_comments) ... and so on Now, I have already gone though quite a bit of misery to make this work. My first attempt was with generating scaffolding (I'm using 2.2.2). I generated my scaffolding, but had to move my model, then fix the references to the model in my controller (see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/903258/ruby-on-rails-model-inside-namespace-cant-be-found-in-controller). That is already a big of a pain, but hey, I got it to work. Now though form_for won't work and I cannot figure out how to use the url helpers (I have no idea what these are called... they are the automatically generated methods that return URLs to controllers associated with a model). I cannot figure out what their name is. My model is Blog::Entries. I have tried to mess with the route.rb's map's resource method, but no luck. When I attempt to use form_for with my model, I get this error undefined method `blog_entries_path' for #<ActionView::Base:0xb6848080> Now. This is really quite frustrating. I am not going to completely destroy my code's organization in order to use this framework, and if I cannot figure out how to accomplish this simple task (I have been researching this for at least 5 hours) then I simply cannot continue. Are there any ideas on how to accomplish this? Thanks EDIT Here are my routes: admin_blog_entries GET /admin_blog_entries {:controller=>"admin_blog_entries", :action=>"index"} formatted_admin_blog_entries GET /admin_blog_entries.:format {:controller=>"admin_blog_entries", :action=>"index"} POST /admin_blog_entries {:controller=>"admin_blog_entries", :action=>"create"} POST /admin_blog_entries.:format {:controller=>"admin_blog_entries", :action=>"create"} new_admin_blog_entry GET /admin_blog_entries/new {:controller=>"admin_blog_entries", :action=>"new"} formatted_new_admin_blog_entry GET /admin_blog_entries/new.:format {:controller=>"admin_blog_entries", :action=>"new"} edit_admin_blog_entry GET /admin_blog_entries/:id/edit {:controller=>"admin_blog_entries", :action=>"edit"} formatted_edit_admin_blog_entry GET /admin_blog_entries/:id/edit.:format {:controller=>"admin_blog_entries", :action=>"edit"} admin_blog_entry GET /admin_blog_entries/:id {:controller=>"admin_blog_entries", :action=>"show"} formatted_admin_blog_entry GET /admin_blog_entries/:id.:format {:controller=>"admin_blog_entries", :action=>"show"} PUT /admin_blog_entries/:id {:controller=>"admin_blog_entries", :action=>"update"} PUT /admin_blog_entries/:id.:format {:controller=>"admin_blog_entries", :action=>"update"} DELETE /admin_blog_entries/:id {:controller=>"admin_blog_entries", :action=>"destroy"} DELE

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• Scrolling a canvas as a shape you're moving approaches its edges

  - by Steven Sproat

  Hi, I develop a Python-based drawing program, Whyteboard. I have tools that the user can create new shapes on the canvas, such as text/images/rectangles/circles/polygons. I also have a Select tool that allows the users to modify these shapes - for example, moving a shape's position, resizing, or editing polygon's points' positions. I'm adding in a new feature where moving or resizing a point near the canvas edge will automatically scroll the canvas. I think it's a good idea in terms of program usability, and annoys me when other program's don't have this feature. I've made some good progress on coding this; below is some Python code to demonstrate what I'm doing. These functions demonstrate how some shapes calculate their "edges": def find_edges(self): """A line.""" self.edges = {EDGE_TOP: min(self.y, self.y2), EDGE_RIGHT: max(self.x, self.x2), EDGE_BOTTOM: max(self.y, self.y2), EDGE_LEFT: min(self. x, self.x2)} def find_edges(self): """An image""" self.edges = {EDGE_TOP: self.y, EDGE_RIGHT: self.x + self.image.GetWidth(), EDGE_BOTTOM: self.y + self.image.GetWidth(), EDGE_LEFT: self.x} def find_edges(self): """Get the bounding rectangle for the polygon""" xmin = min(x for x, y in self.points) ymin = min(y for x, y in self.points) xmax = max(x for x, y in self.points) ymax = max(y for x, y in self.points) self.edges = {EDGE_TOP: ymin, EDGE_RIGHT: xmax, EDGE_BOTTOM: ymax, EDGE_LEFT: xmin} And here's the code I have so far to implement the scrolling when a shape nears the edge: def check_canvas_scroll(self, x, y, moving=False): """ We check that the x/y coords are within 50px from the edge of the canvas and scroll the canvas accordingly. If the shape is being moved, we need to check specific edges of the shape (e.g. left/right side of rectangle) """ size = self.board.GetClientSizeTuple() # visible area of the canvas if not self.board.area > size: # canvas is too small to need to scroll return start = self.board.GetViewStart() # user's starting "viewport" scroll = (-1, -1) # -1 means no change if moving: if self.shape.edges[EDGE_RIGHT] > start[0] + size[0] - 50: scroll = (start[0] + 5, -1) if self.shape.edges[EDGE_BOTTOM] > start[1] + size[1] - 50: scroll = (-1, start[1] + 5) # snip others else: if x > start[0] + size[0] - 50: scroll = (start[0] + 5, -1) if y > start[1] + size[1] - 50: scroll = (-1, start[1] + 5) # snip others self.board.Scroll(*scroll) This code actually works pretty well. If we're moving a shape, then we need to know its edges to calculate when they're coming close to the canvas edge. If we're resizing just a single point, then we just use the x/y coords of that point to see if it's close to the edge. The problem I'm having is a little tricky to describe - basically, if you move a shape to the left, and stop moving it, if you positioned the shape within the 50px from the canvas, then the next time you go to move the shape, the code that says "ok, is this shape close to the end?" gets triggered, and the canvas scrolls to the left, even if you're moving the shape to the right. Can anyone think on how to stop this? I created a youtube video to demonstrate the issue. At about 0:54, I move a polygon to the left of the canvas and position it there. The next time I move it, the canvas scrolls to the left even though I'm moving it right Another thing I'd like to add, but I'm stuck on is the scroll gaining momentum the longer a shape is scrolling? So, with a large canvas, you're not moving a shape for ages, moving 5px at a time, when you need to cover a 2000px distance. Any suggestions there? Thanks all - sorry for the super long question!

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• Oracle Unicode problem when using NLS_CHARACTERSET is WE8ISO8859P1 and NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET is AL16UTF16, and ColdFusion as programming language

  - by tsurahman

  I have 2 Oracle 10g database, XE and Enterprise XE Enterprise and this are the data type I've use in the test table and then I tried to test to insert some Unicode char from http://www.sustainablegis.com/unicode/ and the results are XE Enterprise for this test, I use ColdFusion 9 developer edition <cfprocessingDirective pageencoding="utf-8"> <cfset setEncoding("form","utf-8")> <form action="" method="post"> Unicode : <br> <textarea name="txaUnicode" id="txaUnicode" cols="50" rows="10"></textarea> <br><br> Language : <br> <input type="Text" name="txtLanguage" id="txtLanguage"> <br><br> <input type="Submit"> </form> <cfset dsn = "theDSN"> <cfif StructKeyExists(FORM, "FIELDNAMES")> <cfquery name="qryInsert" datasource="#dsn#"> INSERT INTO UNICODE ( C_VARCHAR2, C_CHAR, C_CLOB, C_NVARCHAR2, LANGUAGE ) VALUES ( <cfqueryparam cfsqltype="CF_SQL_VARCHAR" value="#FORM.TXAUNICODE#">, <cfqueryparam cfsqltype="CF_SQL_CHAR" value="#FORM.TXAUNICODE#">, <cfqueryparam cfsqltype="CF_SQL_LONGVARCHAR" value="#FORM.TXAUNICODE#">, <cfqueryparam cfsqltype="CF_SQL_VARCHAR" value="#FORM.TXAUNICODE#">, <cfqueryparam cfsqltype="CF_SQL_VARCHAR" value="#FORM.TXTLANGUAGE#"> ) </cfquery> </cfif> <cfquery name="qryUnicode" datasource="#dsn#"> SELECT * FROM UNICODE ORDER BY LANGUAGE </cfquery> <table border="1"> <thead> <tr> <th>LANGUAGE</th> <th>C_VARCHAR2</th> <th>C_CHAR</th> <th>C_CLOB</th> <th>C_NVARCHAR2</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <cfoutput query="qryUnicode"> <tr> <td>#qryUnicode.LANGUAGE#</td> <td>#qryUnicode.C_VARCHAR2#</td> <td>#qryUnicode.C_CHAR#</td> <td>#qryUnicode.C_CLOB#</td> <td>#qryUnicode.C_NVARCHAR2#</td> </tr> </cfoutput> </tbody> </table> from this guide http://www.stanford.edu/dept/itss/docs/oracle/10g/server.101/b10749/ch6unicode.htm#i1007297 I think for my Enterprise database it should produce same thing as XE (at least for NVARCHAR2 column) since the typical solution from that guide said: Use NCHAR and NVARCHAR2 datatypes to store Unicode characters Keep WE8ISO8859P1 as the database character set Use AL16UTF16 as the national character set So, how to make it works too in my Enterprise database? Thank you :)

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• Scaling an image using the mouse in C#

  - by Gaax

  Hey guys... I'm trying to use the position of the mouse to calculate the scaling factor for scaling an image. Basically, the further you get away from the center of the image, the bigger it gets; and the closer to the center you get, the smaller it gets. I have some code so far but it's acting really strange and I have absolutely no more ideas. First I'll let you know, one thing I was trying to do is average out 5 distances to get a more smooth resize animation. Here's my code: private void pictureBoxScale_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { if (rotateScaleMode && isDraggingToScale) { // For Scaling int sourceWidth = pictureBox1.Image.Width; int sourceHeight = pictureBox1.Image.Height; float dCurrCent = 0; // distance between the current mouse pos and the center of the image float dPrevCent = 0; // distance between the previous mouse pos and the center of the image System.Drawing.Point imgCenter = new System.Drawing.Point(); imgCenter.X = pictureBox1.Location.X + (sourceWidth / 2); imgCenter.Y = pictureBox1.Location.Y + (sourceHeight / 2); // Calculating the distance between the current mouse location and the center of the image dCurrCent = (float)Math.Sqrt(Math.Pow(e.X - imgCenter.X, 2) + Math.Pow(e.Y - imgCenter.Y, 2)); // Calculating the distance between the previous mouse location and the center of the image dPrevCent = (float)Math.Sqrt(Math.Pow(prevMouseLoc.X - imgCenter.X, 2) + Math.Pow(prevMouseLoc.Y - imgCenter.Y, 2)); if (smoothScaleCount < 5) { dCurrCentSmooth[smoothScaleCount] = dCurrCent; dPrevCentSmooth[smoothScaleCount] = dPrevCent; } if (smoothScaleCount == 4) { float currCentSum = 0; float prevCentSum = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { currCentSum += dCurrCentSmooth[i]; } for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { prevCentSum += dPrevCentSmooth[i]; } float scaleAvg = (currCentSum / 5) / (prevCentSum / 5); int destWidth = (int)(sourceWidth * scaleAvg); int destHeight = (int)(sourceHeight * scaleAvg); // If statement is for limiting the size of the image if (destWidth > (currentRotatedImage.Width / 2) && destWidth < (currentRotatedImage.Width * 3) && destHeight > (currentRotatedImage.Height / 2) && destWidth < (currentRotatedImage.Width * 3)) { AForge.Imaging.Filters.ResizeBilinear resizeFilter = new AForge.Imaging.Filters.ResizeBilinear(destWidth, destHeight); pictureBox1.Image = resizeFilter.Apply((Bitmap)currentRotatedImage); pictureBox1.Size = pictureBox1.Image.Size; pictureBox1.Refresh(); } smoothScaleCount = -1; } prevMouseLoc = e.Location; currentScaledImage = pictureBox1.Image; smoothScaleCount++; } }

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• Round-twice error in .NET's Double.ToString method

  - by Jeppe Stig Nielsen

  Mathematically, consider for this question the rational number 8725724278030350 / 2**48 where ** in the denominator denotes exponentiation, i.e. the denominator is 2 to the 48th power. (The fraction is not in lowest terms, reducible by 2.) This number is exactly representable as a System.Double. Its decimal expansion is 31.0000000000000'49'73799150320701301097869873046875 (exact) where the apostrophes do not represent missing digits but merely mark the boudaries where rounding to 15 resp. 17 digits is to be performed. Note the following: If this number is rounded to 15 digits, the result will be 31 (followed by thirteen 0s) because the next digits (49...) begin with a 4 (meaning round down). But if the number is first rounded to 17 digits and then rounded to 15 digits, the result could be 31.0000000000001. This is because the first rounding rounds up by increasing the 49... digits to 50 (terminates) (next digits were 73...), and the second rounding might then round up again (when the midpoint-rounding rule says "round away from zero"). (There are many more numbers with the above characteristics, of course.) Now, it turns out that .NET's standard string representation of this number is "31.0000000000001". The question: Isn't this a bug? By standard string representation we mean the String produced by the parameterles Double.ToString() instance method which is of course identical to what is produced by ToString("G"). An interesting thing to note is that if you cast the above number to System.Decimal then you get a decimal that is 31 exactly! See this Stack Overflow question for a discussion of the surprising fact that casting a Double to Decimal involves first rounding to 15 digits. This means that casting to Decimal makes a correct round to 15 digits, whereas calling ToSting() makes an incorrect one. To sum up, we have a floating-point number that, when output to the user, is 31.0000000000001, but when converted to Decimal (where 29 digits are available), becomes 31 exactly. This is unfortunate. Here's some C# code for you to verify the problem: static void Main() { const double evil = 31.0000000000000497; string exactString = DoubleConverter.ToExactString(evil); // Jon Skeet, http://csharpindepth.com/Articles/General/FloatingPoint.aspx Console.WriteLine("Exact value (Jon Skeet): {0}", exactString); // writes 31.00000000000004973799150320701301097869873046875 Console.WriteLine("General format (G): {0}", evil); // writes 31.0000000000001 Console.WriteLine("Round-trip format (R): {0:R}", evil); // writes 31.00000000000005 Console.WriteLine(); Console.WriteLine("Binary repr.: {0}", String.Join(", ", BitConverter.GetBytes(evil).Select(b => "0x" + b.ToString("X2")))); Console.WriteLine(); decimal converted = (decimal)evil; Console.WriteLine("Decimal version: {0}", converted); // writes 31 decimal preciseDecimal = decimal.Parse(exactString, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture); Console.WriteLine("Better decimal: {0}", preciseDecimal); // writes 31.000000000000049737991503207 } The above code uses Skeet's ToExactString method. If you don't want to use his stuff (can be found through the URL), just delete the code lines above dependent on exactString. You can still see how the Double in question (evil) is rounded and cast.

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• Someone please help google create instuctions that windows users understand. googles "instructions"

  - by nathan

  Below are the only instructions i managed to find from google on how to install the android NDK, it is written as if we all run Linux and presumes we all understand what these obscure tools are. My comments and questions appear in Italics if somone who knows unix and windows would translate for google that would be great! Android NDK Installation Introduction: Please read docs/OVERVIEW.TXT to understand what the Android NDK is and is not. This file gives instructions on how to properly setup your NDK. I. Requirements: The Android NDK currently requires a Linux, OS X or Windows host operating system. Windows users will need to install Cygwin (http://www.cygwin.com) to use it. Note that running the NDK under MSys is not supported. You will need to have the Android SDK and its dependencies installed. The NDK cannot generate final application packages (.apk files), only the shared library files that can go into them. IMPORTANT: The Android NDK can only be used to target system images using the Cupcake (1.5) or later releases of the platform. This is due to subtle toolchain and ABI related changed that make it incompatible with 1.0 and 1.1 system images. The NDK requires GNU Make 3.81 or later being available on your development system. Earlier versions of GNU Make might work but have not been tested. You can check this by running 'make -v' from the command-line. The output should look like: GNU Make 3.81 Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. ... On certain systems, GNU Make might be available through a different command like 'gmake' or 'gnumake'. For these systems, replace 'make' by the appropriate command when invoking the NDK build system as described in the documentation. Great some strange thing called gnu make.. if your not going to tell me what it does maybe you then at least you could give me a URL to it? The NDK also requires a Nawk or GNU Awk executable being available on your development system. Note that the original 'awk' program doesn't implement the 'match' and 'substr' functions used by the NDK build system. Ok another tool, with 1 of 2 possible names, but not the third... and again where should i download this?? On Windows, you will need to install a recent release of Cygwin to use the NDK. See http://www.cygwin.com for instructions. Woohoo a URL! download took about a day because these install instructions do not specify what parts to download. II. Preparing your installation prebuilt cross-toolchain binaries: After installing and unarchiving the NDK, you will need to run the following command from the root folder: build/host-setup.sh hello? windows dont run nothing but .exe .com or .dll, just tell me how you want me to run it.. This will test your setup and make sure the NDK can work properly. Nothing is said about where any of these things need to be installed to (what directory)

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• How to generate a Program template by generating an abstract class

  - by Byron-Lim Timothy Steffan

  i have the following problem. The 1st step is to implement a program, which follows a specific protocol on startup. Therefore, functions as onInit, onConfigRequest, etc. will be necessary. (These are triggered e.g. by incoming message on a TCP Port) My goal is to generate a class for example abstract one, which has abstract functions as onInit(), etc. A programmer should just inherit from this base class and should merely override these abstract functions of the base class. The rest as of the protocol e.g. should be simply handled in the background (using the code of the base class) and should not need to appear in the programmers code. What is the correct design strategy for such tasks? and how do I deal with, that the static main method is not inheritable? What are the key-tags for this problem? (I have problem searching for a solution since I lack clear statements on this problem) Goal is to create some sort of library/class, which - included in ones code - results in executables following the protocol. EDIT (new explanation): Okay let me try to explain more detailled: In this case programs should be clients within a client server architecture. We have a client server connection via TCP/IP. Each program needs to follow a specific protocol upon program start: As soon as my program starts and gets connected to the server it will receive an Init Message (TcpClient), when this happens it should trigger the function onInit(). (Should this be implemented by an event system?) After onInit() a acknowledgement message should be sent to the server. Afterwards there are some other steps as e.g. a config message from the server which triggers an onConfig and so on. Let's concentrate on the onInit function. The idea is, that onInit (and onConfig and so on) should be the only functions the programmer should edit while the overall protocol messaging is hidden for him. Therefore, I thought using an abstract class with the abstract methods onInit(), onConfig() in it should be the right thing. The static Main class I would like to hide, since within it e.g. there will be some part which connects to the tcp port, which reacts on the Init Message and which will call the onInit function. 2 problems here: 1. the static main class cant be inherited, isn it? 2. I cannot call abstract functions from the main class in the abstract master class. Let me give an Pseudo-example for my ideas: public abstract class MasterClass { static void Main(string[] args){ 1. open TCP connection 2. waiting for Init Message from server 3. onInit(); 4. Send Acknowledgement, that Init Routine has ended successfully 5. waiting for Config message from server 6..... } public abstract void onInit(); public abstract void onConfig(); } I hope you get the idea now! The programmer should afterwards inherit from this masterclass and merely need to edit the functions onInit and so on. Is this way possible? How? What else do you recommend for solving this? EDIT: The strategy ideo provided below is a good one! Check out my comment on that.

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• Is it possible to embed Cockburn style textual UML Use Case content in the code base to improve code

  - by fooledbyprimes

  experimenting with Cockburn use cases in code I was writing some complicated UI code. I decided to employ Cockburn use cases with fish,kite,and sea levels (discussed by Martin Fowler in his book 'UML Distilled'). I wrapped Cockburn use cases in static C# objects so that I could test logical conditions against static constants which represented steps in a UI workflow. The idea was that you could read the code and know what it was doing because the wrapped objects and their public contants gave you ENGLISH use cases via namespaces. Also, I was going to use reflection to pump out error messages that included the described use cases. The idea is that the stack trace could include some UI use case steps IN ENGLISH.... It turned out to be a fun way to achieve a mini,psuedo light-weight Domain Language but without having to write a DSL compiler. So my question is whether or not this is a good way to do this? Has anyone out there ever done something similar? c# example snippets follow Assume we have some aspx page which has 3 user controls (with lots of clickable stuff). User must click on stuff in one particular user control (possibly making some kind of selection) and then the UI must visually cue the user that the selection was successful. Now, while that item is selected, the user must browse through a gridview to find an item within one of the other user controls and then select something. This sounds like an easy thing to manage but the code can get ugly. In my case, the user controls all sent event messages which were captured by the main page. This way, the page acted like a central processor of UI events and could keep track of what happens when the user is clicking around. So, in the main aspx page, we capture the first user control's event. using MyCompany.MyApp.Web.UseCases; protected void MyFirstUserControl_SomeUIWorkflowRequestCommingIn(object sender, EventArgs e) { // some code here to respond and make "state" changes or whatever // // blah blah blah // finally we have this (how did we know to call fish level method?? because we knew when we wrote the code to send the event in the user control) UpdateUserInterfaceOnFishLevelUseCaseGoalSuccess(FishLevel.SomeNamedUIWorkflow.SelectedItemForPurchase) } protected void UpdateUserInterfaceOnFishLevelGoalSuccess(FishLevel.SomeNamedUIWorkflow goal) { switch (goal) { case FishLevel.SomeNamedUIWorkflow.NewMasterItemSelected: //call some UI related methods here including methods for the other user controls if necessary.... break; case FishLevel.SomeNamedUIWorkFlow.DrillDownOnDetails: //call some UI related methods here including methods for the other user controls if necessary.... break; case FishLevel.SomeNamedUIWorkFlow.CancelMultiSelect: //call some UI related methods here including methods for the other user controls if necessary.... break; // more cases... } } } //also we have protected void UpdateUserInterfaceOnSeaLevelGoalSuccess(SeaLevel.SomeNamedUIWorkflow goal) { switch (goal) { case SeaLevel.CheckOutWorkflow.ChangedCreditCard: // do stuff // more cases... } } } So, in the MyCompany.MyApp.Web.UseCases namespace we might have code like this: class SeaLevel... class FishLevel... class KiteLevel... The workflow use cases embedded in the classes could be inner classes or static methods or enumerations or whatever gives you the cleanest namespace. I can't remember what I did originally but you get the picture.

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• PHP: Strange Date Problem

  - by Me-and-Coding

  Hi, I have two users in my database whose birth date is set to: 1985-01-26 And then i have function which when provided the users' date, tells how many days are left in the birthday. Here is the function: function retage($iy,$im,$id) { if(!empty($iy)>0 && intval($im)>0 && intval($id)>0) { $tdo=$iy.'-'.$im.'-'.$id; $tdc=date('Y').'-'.$im.'-'.$id; /*echo "<br/>";*/ $cd=date('Y-n-j'); /*echo "<br/>";*/ if(strtotime($tdc)>strtotime($cd))//coming { $ty=floor((strtotime($tdc)-strtotime($tdo))/(3600*24*365)); $td=floor((strtotime($tdc)-strtotime($cd))/(24*3600)); if($td==1) { $td=round((strtotime($tdc)-strtotime($cd))/(24*3600)).' day to go'; } else { $td=round((strtotime($tdc)-strtotime($cd))/(24*3600)).' days to go'; } $ty='<font color="#C7C5C5">is turning '.$ty.' on <br>'.date('M jS Y',strtotime($tdc)).'</font>'; //return 'is turning '.$ty.' on '.$tdc; } elseif(strtotime($tdc)<strtotime($cd))//past { $ty=floor((strtotime($tdc)-strtotime($tdo))/(3600*24*365)); if($ty>0) { //$td='gone '.floor((strtotime($cd)-strtotime($tdc))/(24*3600)).' days ago'; $ndays=floor((strtotime($cd)-strtotime($tdc))/(24*3600)); if($ndays==1) $td=' gone '.round((strtotime($cd)-strtotime($tdc))/(24*3600)).' day ago'; else $td=' gone '.round((strtotime($cd)-strtotime($tdc))/(24*3600)).' days ago'; $ty='<font color="#C7C5C5">had turned '.$ty.' on <br>'.date('M jS Y',strtotime($tdc)).'</font>'; //return 'had turned '.$ty.' on '.$tdc; } else { $tdc=(date('Y')+1).'-'.$im.'-'.$id; $ty=floor((strtotime($tdc)-strtotime($tdo))/(3600*24*365)); //$td=floor((strtotime($tdc)-strtotime($cd))/(24*3600)).' days to go'; $td=floor((strtotime($tdc)-strtotime($cd))/(24*3600)); if($td==1) { $td=round((strtotime($tdc)-strtotime($cd))/(24*3600)).' day to go'; } else { $td=round((strtotime($tdc)-strtotime($cd))/(24*3600)).' days to go'; } $ty='<font color="#C7C5C5">is turning '.$ty.' on <br>'.date('M jS Y',strtotime($tdc)).'</font>'; //return 'is turning '.$ty.' on '.$tdc; } } else//today { $ty=floor((strtotime($tdc)-strtotime($tdo))/(3600*24*365)); if($ty>0) { $td='today'; $ty='<font color="#C7C5C5">has turned <br>'.$ty.' on today </font>'; //return 'has turned '.$ty.' on today'; } else { $ty='<font color="#C7C5C5">today</font>';$td=''; //return ''; } } } else { $ty='';$td=''; //return ''; } $ta[0]=$ty; $ta[1]=$td ; return $ta; } I use below code to show the days remaining: while($rs=mysql_fetch_array($result)) { if (isset($rs['byear'],$rs['bmonth'],$rs['bdate'])) { $tmptxt = retage($rs['byear'],$rs['bmonth'],$rs['bdate']); echo $tmptxt[1]; } } The strange thing is that for one user, the days remaining is shown correctly eg: gone 120 days ago And for other user having same birth date, this is shown: Jan 1st 1970 -14755 days to go Strange: When I use the same function outside of the loop and test with date 1985-01-26, the correct result is shown. Note: You can check out the function for yourself. Could you please tell what could be wrong there, your help will be highly appreciated. Thanks.

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• EF Code first + Delete Child Object from Parent?

  - by ebb

  I have a one-to-many relationship between my table Case and my other table CaseReplies. I'm using EF Code First and now wants to delete a CaseReply from a Case object, however it seems impossible to do such thing because it just tries to remove the CaseId from the specific CaseReply record and not the record itself.. short: Case just removes the relationship between itself and the CaseReply.. it does not delete the CaseReply. My code: // Case.cs (Case Object) public class Case { [Key] public int Id { get; set; } public string Topic { get; set; } public string Message { get; set; } public DateTime Date { get; set; } public Guid UserId { get; set; } public virtual User User { get; set; } public virtual ICollection<CaseReply> Replies { get; set; } } // CaseReply.cs (CaseReply Object) public class CaseReply { [Key] public int Id { get; set; } public string Message { get; set; } public DateTime Date { get; set; } public int CaseId { get; set; } public Guid UserId { get; set; } public virtual User User { get; set; } public virtual Case Case { get; set; } } // RepositoryBase.cs public class RepositoryBase<T> : IRepository<T> where T : class { public IDbContext Context { get; private set; } public IDbSet<T> ObjectSet { get; private set; } public RepositoryBase(IDbContext context) { Contract.Requires(context != null); Context = context; if (context != null) { ObjectSet = Context.CreateDbSet<T>(); if (ObjectSet == null) { throw new InvalidOperationException(); } } } public IRepository<T> Remove(T entity) { ObjectSet.Remove(entity); return this; } public IRepository<T> SaveChanges() { Context.SaveChanges(); return this; } } // CaseRepository.cs public class CaseRepository : RepositoryBase<Case>, ICaseRepository { public CaseRepository(IDbContext context) : base(context) { Contract.Requires(context != null); } public bool RemoveCaseReplyFromCase(int caseId, int caseReplyId) { Case caseToRemoveReplyFrom = ObjectSet.Include(x => x.Replies).FirstOrDefault(x => x.Id == caseId); var delete = caseToRemoveReplyFrom.Replies.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Id == caseReplyId); caseToRemoveReplyFrom.Replies.Remove(delete); return Context.SaveChanges() >= 1; } } Thanks in advance.

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• Is Fast Enumeration messing with my text output?

  - by Dan Ray

  Here I am iterating through an array of NSDictionary objects (inside the parsed JSON response of the EXCELLENT MapQuest directions API). I want to build up an HTML string to put into a UIWebView. My code says: for (NSDictionary *leg in legs ) { NSString *thisLeg = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"<br>%@ - %@", [leg valueForKey:@"narrative"], [leg valueForKey:@"distance"]]; NSLog(@"This leg's string is %@", thisLeg); [directionsOutput appendString:thisLeg]; } The content of directionsOutput (which is an NSMutableString) contains ALL the values for [leg valueForKey:@"narrative"], wrapped up in parens, followed by a hyphen, followed by all the parenthesized values for [leg valueForKey:@"distance"]. So I put in that NSLog call... and I get the same thing there! It appears that the for() is somehow batching up our output values as we iterate, and putting out the output only once. How do I make it not do this but instead do what I actually want, which is an iterative output as I iterate? Here's what NSLog gets. Yes, I know I need to figure out NSNumberFormatter. ;-) This leg's string is ( "Start out going NORTH on INFINITE LOOP.", "Turn LEFT to stay on INFINITE LOOP.", "Turn RIGHT onto N DE ANZA BLVD.", "Merge onto I-280 S toward SAN JOSE.", "Merge onto CA-87 S via EXIT 3A.", "Take the exit on the LEFT.", "Merge onto CA-85 S via EXIT 1A on the LEFT toward GILROY.", "Merge onto US-101 S via EXIT 1A on the LEFT toward LOS ANGELES.", "Take the CA-152 E/10TH ST exit, EXIT 356.", "Turn LEFT onto CA-152/E 10TH ST/PACHECO PASS HWY. Continue to follow CA-152/PACHECO PASS HWY.", "Turn SLIGHT RIGHT.", "Turn SLIGHT RIGHT onto PACHECO PASS HWY/CA-152 E. Continue to follow CA-152 E.", "Merge onto I-5 S toward LOS ANGELES.", "Take the CA-46 exit, EXIT 278, toward LOST HILLS/WASCO.", "Turn LEFT onto CA-46/PASO ROBLES HWY. Continue to follow CA-46.", "Merge onto CA-99 S toward BAKERSFIELD.", "Merge onto CA-58 E via EXIT 24 toward TEHACHAPI/MOJAVE.", "Merge onto I-15 N via the exit on the LEFT toward I-40/LAS VEGAS.", "Keep RIGHT to take I-40 E via EXIT 140A toward NEEDLES (Passing through ARIZONA, NEW MEXICO, TEXAS, OKLAHOMA, and ARKANSAS, then crossing into TENNESSEE).", "Merge onto I-40 E via EXIT 12C on the LEFT toward NASHVILLE (Crossing into NORTH CAROLINA).", "Merge onto I-40 BR E/US-421 S via EXIT 188 on the LEFT toward WINSTON-SALEM.", "Take the CLOVERDALE AVE exit, EXIT 4.", "Turn LEFT onto CLOVERDALE AVE SW.", "Turn SLIGHT LEFT onto N HAWTHORNE RD.", "Turn RIGHT onto W NORTHWEST BLVD.", "1047 W NORTHWEST BLVD is on the LEFT." ) - ( 0.0020000000949949026, 0.07800000160932541, 0.14000000059604645, 7.827000141143799, 5.0329999923706055, 0.15299999713897705, 5.050000190734863, 20.871000289916992, 0.3050000071525574, 2.802999973297119, 0.10199999809265137, 37.78000259399414, 124.50700378417969, 0.3970000147819519, 25.264001846313477, 20.475000381469727, 125.8580093383789, 4.538000106811523, 1693.0350341796875, 628.8970336914062, 3.7990000247955322, 0.19099999964237213, 0.4099999964237213, 0.257999986410141, 0.5170000195503235, 0 )

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• Help with this code.

  - by karthick6891

  Heading ##Hey guys i need help with this code.The short version is,i have to do match the follwing by using drag and drop in jquery and later i need to show a message whether it is right or wrong. var output = "Wrong"; var old_item ; var new_item ; var newObjArray=[]; $(function() { var $gallery = $('.gallery'), $trash = $('.trash'); $('div',$gallery).draggable({ revert: 'invalid', containment: 'document', helper: 'clone', cursor: 'move', }); // let the trash be droppable, accepting the gallery items $trash.droppable({ //accept: '#gallery div', //activeClass: 'ui-state-highlight', tolerance: 'touch', drop: function(ev, ui) { new_item = ui.draggable; $(this).droppable("option","activeClass",'.ui-state-highlight'); if(contains(newObjArray,ui.draggable)) { newObjArray.pop(ui.draggable); } newObjArray.push(ui.draggable); deleteImage(ui.draggable,$(this)); } }); // let the gallery be droppable as well, accepting items from the trash $gallery.droppable({ //accept: '#trash li', activeClass: 'custom-state-active', drop: function(ev, ui) { recycleImage(ui.draggable); } }); // image deletion function function deleteImage($item,element) { var $list; $item.fadeOut(10,function() { if($(".ui-widget-content", element).length <1){ old_item = $item; $list = $('<div class="gallery ui-helper-reset"/>').appendTo(element); //$('ul',$trash).length ? $('ul',$trash) : $('<ul class="gallery ui-helper-reset"/>').appendTo($trash); $item.appendTo($list).fadeIn(10); } else{ recycleImage($(".ui-widget-content",element)); $list = $('<div class="gallery ui-helper-reset"/>').appendTo(element); $item.appendTo($list).fadeIn(10); old_item = $item; } }); } //check for given answer // image recycle function function recycleImage($item) { $item.fadeOut(10,function() { $item.find("img").end().appendTo($gallery).fadeIn(10); }); } // image preview function, demonstrating the ui.dialog used as a modal window }); function checkOrder(){ if(newObjArray==null){ } else if(newObjArray!=null){ if(newObjArray[0].attr("id")=="5"&& newObjArray[1].attr("id")=="1" && newObjArray[2].attr("id")=="3" && newObjArray[3].attr("id")=="2" && newObjArray[4].attr("id")=="4"){ parent.parent.increaseCorrectA(); } else{ parent.parent.increaseWrongA(); } } } function contains(a, obj) { var i = a.length; while (i--) { if (a[i] === obj) { return true; } } return false; } I am calling the function checkOrder() from the html page after the matching of items is over.What happens here is i have just stored the user responses on the draggable over droppable in an array,based on it's position.It is a bad practice cause,i am saying whether it's right or wrong through its position in the array.The only thing i can do is get the draggable's id present in the droppable.But i dont know how to get that inside the function checkOrder().Any ideas please?

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• Trying to sentinel loop this program.

  - by roger34

  Okay, I spent all this time making this for class but I have one thing that I can't quite get: I need this to sentinel loop continuously (exiting upon entering x) so that the System.out.println("What type of Employee? Enter 'o' for Office " + "Clerical, 'f' for Factory, or 's' for Saleperson. Enter 'x' to exit." ); line comes back up after they enter the first round of information. Also, I can't leave this up long on the (very) off chance a classmate might see this and steal the code. Full code following: import java.util.Scanner; public class Project1 { public static void main (String args[]){ Scanner inp = new Scanner( System.in ); double totalPay; System.out.println("What type of Employee? Enter 'o' for Office " + "Clerical, 'f' for Factory, or 's' for Saleperson. Enter 'x' to exit." ); String response= inp.nextLine(); while (!response.toLowerCase().equals("o")&&!response.toLowerCase().equals("f") &&!response.toLowerCase().equals("s")&&!response.toLowerCase().equals("x")){ System.out.print("\nInvalid selection,please enter your choice again:\n"); response=inp.nextLine(); } char choice = response.toLowerCase().charAt( 0 ); switch (choice){ case 'o': System.out.println("Enter your hourly rate:"); double officeRate=inp.nextDouble(); System.out.println("Enter the number of hours worked:"); double officeHours=inp.nextDouble(); totalPay = officeCalc(officeRate,officeHours); taxCalc(totalPay); break; case 'f': System.out.println("How many Widgets did you produce during the week?"); double widgets=inp.nextDouble(); totalPay=factoryCalc(widgets); taxCalc(totalPay); break; case 's': System.out.println("What were your total sales for the week?"); double totalSales=inp.nextDouble(); totalPay=salesCalc(totalSales); taxCalc(totalPay); break; } } public static double taxCalc(double totalPay){ double federal=totalPay*.22; double state =totalPay*.055; double netPay = totalPay - federal - state; federal =federal*Math.pow(10,2); federal =Math.round(federal); federal= federal/Math.pow(10,2); state =state*Math.pow(10,2); state =Math.round(state); state= state/Math.pow(10,2); totalPay =totalPay*Math.pow(10,2); totalPay =Math.round(totalPay); totalPay= totalPay/Math.pow(10,2); netPay =netPay*Math.pow(10,2); netPay =Math.round(netPay); netPay= netPay/Math.pow(10,2); System.out.printf("\nTotal Pay \t: %1$.2f.\n", totalPay); System.out.printf("State W/H \t: %1$.2f.\n", state); System.out.printf("Federal W/H : %1$.2f.\n", federal); System.out.printf("Net Pay \t: %1$.2f.\n", netPay); return totalPay; } public static double officeCalc(double officeRate,double officeHours){ double overtime=0; if (officeHours>=40) overtime = officeHours-40; else overtime = 0; if (officeHours >= 40) officeHours = 40; double otRate = officeRate * 1.5; double totalPay= (officeRate * officeHours) + (otRate*overtime); return totalPay; } public static double factoryCalc(double widgets){ double totalPay=widgets*.35 +300; return totalPay; } public static double salesCalc(double totalSales){ double totalPay = totalSales * .05 + 500; return totalPay; } }

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• NPE when drawing TabWidget in android (only on HTC Magic?)

  - by David Hedlund

  I've received report from the user of an app I've written that he gets FC whenever starting a certain activity. I have not been able to reproduce the issue on the emulator or on my HTC Hero (running 1.5), but this user running HTC Magic (with 1.6) is facing this error every time. What bothers me is that no single step in the stacktrace actually includes any code in my app (com.filmtipset) 01-07 00:10:26.773 I/ActivityManager( 141): Starting activity: Intent { cmp=com.filmtipset/.ViewMovie (has extras) } 01-07 00:10:27.023 D/AndroidRuntime( 2402): Shutting down VM 01-07 00:10:27.023 W/dalvikvm( 2402): threadid=3: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x4001e170) 01-07 00:10:27.023 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): Uncaught handler: thread main exiting due to uncaught exception 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): java.lang.NullPointerException 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.widget.TabWidget.dispatchDraw(TabWidget.java:173) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1529) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1258) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1529) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1258) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1529) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1258) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.view.View.draw(View.java:6552) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.widget.FrameLayout.draw(FrameLayout.java:352) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1531) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1258) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.view.View.draw(View.java:6552) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.widget.FrameLayout.draw(FrameLayout.java:352) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.draw(PhoneWindow.java:1883) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.view.ViewRoot.draw(ViewRoot.java:1332) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.view.ViewRoot.performTraversals(ViewRoot.java:1097) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.view.ViewRoot.handleMessage(ViewRoot.java:1613) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4320) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:791) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:549) 01-07 00:10:27.083 E/AndroidRuntime( 2402): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) Full dump here if I've missed anything of interest I'm guessing, then, that there might be something wrong with my layout. It's quite verbose, so I'm posting it here, rather than pasting the whole thing on SO. There is a tabwidget, where one tab is connected to the scrollview, svFilmInfo, and one to the linear layout llComments. The tab host is populated as such: Drawable commentSelector = getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.tabcomment); Drawable infoSelector = getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.tabinfo); mTabHost = getTabHost(); mTabHost.getTabWidget().setBackgroundColor(Color.BLACK); mTabHost.addTab(mTabHost.newTabSpec("tabInfo").setIndicator("Filminfo", infoSelector).setContent(R.id.svFilmInfo)); mTabHost.addTab(mTabHost.newTabSpec("tabInfo").setIndicator("Kommentarer", commentSelector).setContent(R.id.llComments)); Since I cannot reproduce the error myself, and since I cannot find any mention in the stack trace of what might be causing the error, I don't quite know where to start troubleshooting this. I'd appreciate any pointers.

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• Register NSService with Command Alt NSKeyEquivalent

  - by mahal tertin

  my Application provides a Global Service. I'd like to install the service with a command-alt-key combination. the thing i do now is not very error prone and really hard to debug as don't really see what's happening: inside Info.plist: <key>NSServices</key> <array> <dict> <key>NSSendTypes</key> <array> <string></string> </array> <key>NSReturnTypes</key> <array> <string></string> </array> <key>NSMenuItem</key> <dict> <key>default</key> <string>Go To Window in ${PRODUCT_NAME}</string> </dict> <key>NSMessage</key> <string>bringZFToForegroundZoomOut</string> <key>NSPortName</key> <string>com.raskinformac.${PRODUCT_NAME:identifier}</string> </dict> </array> and in the code: CFStringRef serviceStatusName = (CFStringRef)[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ - %@ - %@", appIdentifier, appName, methodNameForService]; CFStringRef serviceStatusRoot = CFSTR("NSServicesStatus"); CFPropertyListRef pbsAllServices = (CFPropertyListRef) CFMakeCollectable ( CFPreferencesCopyAppValue(serviceStatusRoot, CFSTR("pbs")) ); // the user did not configure any custom services BOOL otherServicesDefined = pbsAllServices != NULL; BOOL ourServiceDefined = NO; if ( otherServicesDefined ) { ourServiceDefined = NULL != CFDictionaryGetValue((CFDictionaryRef)pbsAllServices, serviceStatusName); } NSUpdateDynamicServices(); NSMutableDictionary *pbsAllServicesNew = nil; if (otherServicesDefined) { pbsAllServicesNew = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithDictionary:(NSDictionary*)pbsAllServices]; } else { pbsAllServicesNew = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithCapacity:1]; } NSDictionary *serviceStatus = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: (id)kCFBooleanTrue, @"enabled_context_menu", (id)kCFBooleanTrue, @"enabled_services_menu", @"@~r", @"key_equivalent", nil]; [pbsAllServicesNew setObject:serviceStatus forKey:(NSString*)serviceStatusName]; CFPreferencesSetAppValue ( serviceStatusRoot, (CFPropertyListRef) pbsAllServicesNew, CFSTR("pbs")); Boolean result = CFPreferencesAppSynchronize(CFSTR("pbs")); if (result) { NSUpdateDynamicServices(); JLog(@"successfully installed our alt-command-R service"); } else { ALog(@"couldn't install our alt-command-R service"); } and to change the service: // once installed, its's a bit tricky to set new ones (works only in RELEASE somehow?) // quit finder // open "~/Library/Preferences/pbs.plist" and remove ch.ana.Zoom - Reveal Window in Zoom - bringZFToForegroundZoomOut inside NSServicesStatus and save // start app // /System/Library/CoreServices/pbs -dump_pboard (to see if it hat actually done what we wanted, might be empty) // /System/Library/CoreServices/pbs (to add the new services) // /System/Library/CoreServices/pbs -dump_pboard (see new linking) // and then /System/Library/CoreServices/Finder.app/Contents/MacOS/Finder -NSDebugServices MY.APP.IDENTIFIER to restart finder so my question: is there a easier way to enable a Service with cmd-option-key? if yes, i'd gladly implement it in my software.

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• C++ std::vector problems

  - by Faur Ioan-Aurel

  For 2 days i tried to explain myself some of the things that are happening in my c++ code,and i can't get a good explanation.I must say that i'm more a java programmer.Long time i used quite a bit the C language but i guess Java erased those skills and now i'm hitting a wall trying to port a few classes from java to c++. So let's say that we have this 2 classes: class ForwardNetwork { protected: ForwardLayer* inputLayer; ForwardLayer* outputLayer; vector<ForwardLayer* > layers; public: void ForwardNetwork::getLayers(std::vector< ForwardLayer* >& result ) { for(int i= 0 ;i< layers.size(); i++){ ForwardLayer* lay = dynamic_cast<ForwardLayer*>(this->layers.at(i)); if(lay != NULL) result.push_back(lay); else cout << "Layer at#" << i << " is null" << endl; } } void ForwardNetwork::addLayer ( ForwardLayer* layer ) { if(layer != NULL) cout << "Before push layer is not null" << endl; //setup the forward and back pointer if ( this->outputLayer != NULL ) { layer->setPrevious ( this->outputLayer ); this->outputLayer->setNext ( layer ); } //update the input layer and outputLayer variables if ( this->layers.size() == 0 ) this->inputLayer = this->outputLayer = layer; else this->outputLayer = layer; //push layer in vector this->layers.push_back ( layer ); for(int i = 0; i< layers.size();i++) if(layers[i] != NULL) cout << "Check::Layer[" << i << "] is not null!" << endl; } }; Second class: class Backpropagation : public Train { public: Backpropagation::Backpropagation ( FeedForwardNetwork* network ){ this->network = network; vector<FeedforwardLayer*> vec; network->getLayers(vec); } }; Now if i add from main() some layers into network via addLayer(..) method it's all good.My vector is just as it should.But after i call Backpropagation() constructor with a network object ,when i enter getLayers(), some of my objects from vector have their address set to NULL(they are randomly chosen:for example if i run my app once with 3 layer's into vector ,the first object from vector is null.If i run it second time first 2 objects are null,third time just first object null and so on). Now i can't explain why this is happening.I must say that all the objects that should be in vector they also live inside the network and they are not NULL; This happens everywhere after i done with addLayer() so not just in the getLayers(). I cant get a good grasp to this problem.I thought first that i might modify my vector.But i can't find such thing. Also why if the reference from vector is NULL ,the reference that lives inside ForwardNetwork as a linked list (inputLayer and outputLayer) is not NULL? I must ask for your help.Please ,if you have some advices don't hesitate! PS: as compiler i use g++ part of gcc 4.6.1 under ubuntu 11.10

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• Run unit tests in Jenkins / Hudson in automated fashion from dev to build server

  - by Kevin Donde

  We are currently running a Jenkins (Hudson) CI server to build and package our .net web projects and database projects. Everything is working great but I want to start writing unit tests and then only passing the build if the unit tests pass. We are using the built in msbuild task to build the web project. With the following arguments ... MsBuild Version .NET 4.0 MsBuild Build File ./WebProjectFolder/WebProject.csproj Command Line Arguments ./target:Rebuild /p:Configuration=Release;DeployOnBuild=True;PackageLocation=".\obj\Release\WebProject.zip";PackageAsSingleFile=True We need to run automated tests over our code that run automatically when we build on our machines (post build event possibly) but also run when Jenkins does a build for that project. If you run it like this it doesn't build the unit tests project because the web project doesn't reference the test project. The test project would reference the web project but I'm pretty sure that would be butchering our automated builds as they exist primarily to build and package our deployments. Running these tests should be a step in that automated build and package process. Options ... Create two Jenkins jobs. one to run the tests ... if the tests pass another build is triggered which builds and packages the web project. Put the post build event on the test project. Build the solution instead of the project (make sure the solution contains the required tests) and put post build events on any test projects that would run the nunit console to run the tests. Then use the command line to copy all the required files from each of the bin and content directories into a package. Just build the test project in jenkins instead of the web project in jenkins. The test project would reference the web project (depending on what you're testing) and build it. Problems ... There's two jobs and not one. Two things to debug not one. One to see if the tests passed and one to build and compile the web project. The tests could pass but the build could fail if its something that isn't used by what you're testing ... This requires us to know exactly what goes into the build. Right now msbuild does it all for us. If you have multiple teams working on a project everytime an extra folder is created you have to worry about the possibly brittle command line statements. This seems like a corruption of our main purpose here. The tests should be a step in this process not the overriding most important thing in this process. I'm also not 100% sure that a triggered build is the same as a normal build does it do all the same things as a normal build. Move all the correct files in the same way move them all into the same directories etc. Initial problem. We want to run our tests whenever our main project is built. But adding a post build event to the web project that runs against the test project doesn't work because the web project doesn't reference the test project and won't trigger a build of this project. I could go on ... but that's enough ... We've spent about a week trying to make this work nicely but haven't succeeded. Feel free to edit this if you feel you can get a better response ...

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• Force close message when preferences are called via menu button

  - by Dan T

  I see no problem in the code. Help? preferences.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <ListPreference android:title="Gender" android:summary="Are you male or female?" android:key="genderPref" android:defaultValue="male" android:entries="@array/genderArray" android:entryValues="@array/genderValues" /> <ListPreference android:title="Weight" android:summary="How much do you weigh?" android:key="weightPref" android:defaultValue="180" android:entries="@array/weightArray" android:entryValues="@array/weightValues" /> </PreferenceScreen> arrays.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <string-array name="genderArray"> <item>Male</item> <item>Female</item> </string-array> <string-array name="genderValues"> <item>male</item> <item>female</item> </string-array> <string-array name="weightArray"> <item>120</item> <item>150</item> <item>180</item> <item>210</item> <item>240</item> <item>270</item> </string-array> <string-array name="weightValues"> <item>120</item> <item>150</item> <item>180</item> <item>210</item> <item>240</item> <item>270</item> </string-array> </resources> Preferences.java: package com.dantoth.drinkingbuddy; import android.os.Bundle; import android.preference.PreferenceActivity; public class Preferences extends PreferenceActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.preferences); }; } butts.xml (idk why it's butts but I've gotten used to it now. really just sets up the menu button) <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <item android:id="@+id/settings" android:title="Settings" android:icon="@drawable/ic_menu_settings" /> <item android:id="@+id/archive" android:title="Archive" android:icon="@drawable/ic_menu_archive" /> <item android:id="@+id/new_session" android:title="New Session" android:icon="@drawable/ic_menu_new" /> <item android:id="@+id/about" android:title="About" android:icon="@drawable/ic_menu_about" /> </menu> within DrinkingBuddy.java: @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { switch (item.getItemId()) { case R.id.settings: startActivity(new Intent(this, Preferences.class)); return true; case R.id.archive: Toast.makeText(this, "Expect to see your old drinking sessions here.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); return true; //ETC. } return false; That's it. I can press the menu button on the phone and see the menu items I created, but when I click on the "Settings" (r.id.settings) it FC. Do I have to do anything to the manifest/other thing to get this to work??

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• Javascript Closures - What are the negatives?

  - by vol7ron

  Question: There seem to be many benefits to Closures, but what are the negatives (memory leakage? obfuscation problems? bandwidth increasage?)? Additionally, is my understanding of Closures correct? Finally, once closures are created, can they be destroyed? I've been reading a little bit about Javascript Closures. I hope someone a little more knowledgeable will guide my assertions, correcting me where wrong. Benefits of Closures: Encapsulate the variables to a local scope, by using an internal function. The anonymity of the function is insignificant. What I've found helpful is to do some basic testing, regarding local/global scope: <script type="text/javascript"> var global_text = ""; var global_count = 0; var global_num1 = 10; var global_num2 = 20; var global_num3 = 30; function outerFunc() { var local_count = local_count || 0; alert("global_num1: " + global_num1); // global_num1: undefined var global_num1 = global_num1 || 0; alert("global_num1: " + global_num1); // global_num1: 0 alert("global_num2: " + global_num2); // global_num2: 20 global_num2 = global_num2 || 0; // (notice) no definition with 'var' alert("global_num2: " + global_num2); // global_num2: 20 global_num2 = 0; alert("local_count: " + local_count); // local_count: 0 function output() { global_num3++; alert("local_count: " + local_count + "\n" + "global_count: " + global_count + "\n" + "global_text: " + global_text ); local_count++; } local_count++; global_count++; return output; } var myFunc = outerFunc(); myFunc(); /* Outputs: ********************** * local_count: 1 * global_count: 1 * global_text: **********************/ global_text = "global"; myFunc(); /* Outputs: ********************** * local_count: 2 * global_count: 1 * global_text: global **********************/ var local_count = 100; myFunc(); /* Outputs: ********************** * local_count: 3 * global_count: 1 * global_text: global **********************/ alert("global_num1: " + global_num1); // global_num1: 10 alert("global_num2: " + global_num2); // global_num2: 0 alert("global_num3: " + global_num3); // global_num3: 33 </script> Interesting things I took out of it: The alerts in outerFunc are only called once, which is when the outerFunc call is assigned to myFunc (myFunc = outerFunc()). This assignment seems to keep the outerFunc open, in what I would like to call a persistent state. Everytime myFunc is called, the return is executed. In this case, the return is the internal function. Something really interesting is the localization that occurs when defining local variables. Notice the difference in the first alert between global_num1 and global_num2, even before the variable is trying to be created, global_num1 is considered undefined because the 'var' was used to signify a local variable to that function. -- This has been talked about before, in the order of operation for the Javascript engine, it's just nice to see this put to work. Globals can still be used, but local variables will override them. Notice before the third myFunc call, a global variable called local_count is created, but it as no effect on the internal function, which has a variable that goes by the same name. Conversely, each function call has the ability to modify global variables, as noticed by global_var3. Post Thoughts: Even though the code is straightforward, it is cluttered by alerts for you guys, so you can plug and play. I know there are other examples of closures, many of which use anonymous functions in combination with looping structures, but I think this is good for a 101-starter course to see the effects. The one thing I'm concerned with is the negative impact closures will have on memory. Because it keeps the function environment open, it is also keeping those variables stored in memory, which may/may not have performance implications, especially regarding DOM traversals and garbage collection. I'm also not sure what kind of role this will play in terms of memory leakage and I'm not sure if the closure can be removed from memory by a simple "delete myFunc;." Hope this helps someone, vol7ron

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• Duplication of menu items with ViewPager and Fragments

  - by Julian

  I'm building an Android Application (minimum SDK Level 10, Gingerbread 2.3.3) with some Fragments in a ViewPager. I'm using ActionBarSherlock to create an ActionBar and android-viewpagertabs to add tabs to the ViewPager just like in the Market client. I have one global menu item that I want to be shown on every tab/fragment. On the first of the three tabs I want to have two additional menu items. But now two strange things happen: First if I start the app, everything seems to be fine, I can see all three menu items on the first page and only one item if i swipe to the second and third tab. But if I swipe back to the second tab from the third one, I can see all three items again which shouldn't happen. If I swipe back to the first and then again to the second tab, everything is fine again. The other strange thing is that every time I rotate the device, the menu items from the fragment are added again, even though they are already in the menu. Code of the FragmentActivity that displays the ViewPager and its tabs: public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity { public static final String TAG = "MainActivity"; private ActionBar actionBar; private Adapter adapter; private ViewPager viewPager; private ViewPagerTabs tabs; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.volksempfaenger); actionBar = getSupportActionBar(); adapter = new Adapter(getSupportFragmentManager()); adapter.addFragment(getString(R.string.title_tab_subscriptions), SubscriptionGridFragment.class); // adding more fragments here viewPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.viewpager); viewPager.setAdapter(adapter); tabs = (ViewPagerTabs) findViewById(R.id.tabs); tabs.setViewPager(viewPager); } public static class Adapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter implements ViewPagerTabProvider { private FragmentManager fragmentManager; private ArrayList<Class<? extends Fragment>> fragments; private ArrayList<String> titles; public Adapter(FragmentManager fm) { super(fm); fragmentManager = fm; fragments = new ArrayList<Class<? extends Fragment>>(); titles = new ArrayList<String>(); } public void addFragment(String title, Class<? extends Fragment> fragment) { titles.add(title); fragments.add(fragment); } @Override public int getCount() { return fragments.size(); } public String getTitle(int position) { return titles.get(position); } @Override public Fragment getItem(int position) { try { return fragments.get(position).newInstance(); } catch (InstantiationException e) { Log.wtf(TAG, e); } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { Log.wtf(TAG, e); } return null; } @Override public Object instantiateItem(View container, int position) { FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager .beginTransaction(); Fragment f = getItem(position); fragmentTransaction.add(container.getId(), f); fragmentTransaction.commit(); return f; } } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { BaseActivity.addGlobalMenu(this, menu); return true; } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { return BaseActivity.handleGlobalMenu(this, item); } } Code of the fragment that shall have its own menu items: public class SubscriptionGridFragment extends Fragment { private GridView subscriptionList; private SubscriptionListAdapter adapter; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setHasOptionsMenu(true); } // ... @Override public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater) { inflater.inflate(R.menu.subscription_list, menu); } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { // ... } }

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• Unknown error sourcing a script containing 'typeset -r' wrapped in command substitution

  - by Bernard Assaf

  I wish to source a script, print the value of a variable this script defines, and then have this value be assigned to a variable on the command line with command substitution wrapping the source/print commands. This works on ksh88 but not on ksh93 and I am wondering why. $ cat typeset_err.ksh #!/bin/ksh unset _typeset_var typeset -i -r _typeset_var=1 DIR=init # this is the variable I want to print When run on ksh88 (in this case, an AIX 6.1 box), the output is as follows: $ A=$(. ./typeset_err.ksh; print $DIR) $ echo $A init When run on ksh93 (in this case, a Linux machine), the output is as follows: $ A=$(. ./typeset_err.ksh; print $DIR) -ksh: _typeset_var: is read only $ print $A ($A is undefined) The above is just an example script. The actual thing I wish to accomplish is to source a script that sets values to many variables, so that I can print just one of its values, e.g. $DIR, and have $A equal that value. I do not know in advance the value of $DIR, but I need to copy files to $DIR during execution of a different batch script. Therefore the idea I had was to source the script in order to define its variables, print the one I wanted, then have that print's output be assigned to another variable via $(...) syntax. Admittedly a bit of a hack, but I don't want to source the entire sub-script in the batch script's environment because I only need one of its variables. The typeset -r code in the beginning is the error. The script I'm sourcing contains this in order to provide a semaphore of sorts--to prevent the script from being sourced more than once in the environment. (There is an if statement in the real script that checks for _typeset_var = 1, and exits if it is already set.) So I know I can take this out and get $DIR to print fine, but the constraints of the problem include keeping the typeset -i -r. In the example script I put an unset in first, to ensure _typeset_var isn't already defined. By the way I do know that it is not possible to unset a typeset -r variable, according to ksh93's man page for ksh. There are ways to code around this error. The favorite now is to not use typeset, but just set the semaphore without typeset (e.g. _typeset_var=1), but the error with the code as-is remains as a curiosity to me, and I want to see if anyone can explain why this is happening. By the way, another idea I abandoned was to grep the variable I need out of its containing script, then print that one variable for $A to be set to; however, the variable ($DIR in the example above) might be set to another variable's value (e.g. DIR=$dom/init), and that other variable might be defined earlier in the script; therefore, I need to source the entire script to make sure I all variables are defined so that $DIR is correctly defined when sourcing.

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