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• Add a small RAID card? Will it help overall stability and performance of my nine hard drives?

  - by Ray

  Hi, Will I get any extra genuine added performance and RAID stability if I insert a basic RAID card into a PCI-E x1 slot? I am considering the Adaptec 1220SA - 2 port SATA , pci-express (1x) , raid 0/1. Ok it only supports two SATA drives. Purpose is to help support the eight internal hard drives (1TB each), a DVD drive and an external e-SATA connected 2TB hard drive - by dealing with two of the internal hard drives. My current configuration of eight internal 1TB Barracuda (7200.12) SATA hard drives, one external 2TB SATA Western Digital Green Drive (e-SATA) and one DVD drive can already be supported by the Intel P55 & JMicron controllers on the ASUS motherboard : the Intel P55 (controls six HDD; configured as three x RAID 1), and the JMicron (controls two HDD as one RAID 1, as well as the DVD drive and the external SATA drive via the motherboard's e-SATA port (controlled by the JMicron)). Bigger picture details : I have an ASUS motherboard designed for the LGA1156 type processor and it includes the Intel P55 Express Chipset and JMicron. I am using the Intel Core i7-870 processor, and have 8GB DDR3 (1333) memory (four x 2GB Corsair DIMMs). Enough overall power. The power supply is more than sufficicient for the system. Corsair AX850. The system will never need the full 850 watts (future : second graphics card). The RAID card would provide hardware RAID 1 for two of the eight intrnal drives. It would either reduce the load on : the Intel P55 firmware RAID support, or replace the JMicron controller's RAID 1 set. I am busy installing the above configuration using Windows 7 Ultimate 64-bit as the OS. The RAID card is a last minute addition to the plan. Is it worth spending the extra R700 - R900 on the Adaptec 1220SA, or equivalent RAID card? I cannot afford to spend yet another R2000 - R3000 on a RAID card that would support many SATA2 hard drives, with a better RAID, example the RAID 5. My Issue & assumption : I am trusting that the Intel P55 chipset can properly handle six drives, configured as three * RAID 1. I am assuming that the JMicron can handle, using its RED SATA ports, one RAID-1 (two HDDs). The DVD drive connects to the JMicron optical SATA port 1 (white port 1). White port 2 is not used. The e-SATA connection is from the JMicron straight to, and through the motherboard - to an on-board (rear panel) e-SATA port. Am I being a little hopeful in only using the on-board Intel P55 and the JMicron? Is it a waste of money to install a RAID card that handles two SATA2 drives? OR Is it wisdom to take the pressure a little off the Intel P55? Obviously I am interested in data security, hence RAID 1, not RAID Zero. RAID 5 would be nice. The CPU, Intel Core i7-870 will provide the clout. Context to nine drives : I am using virtualisation with Windows 7 Ultimate. Bootable VMs. The operating system gets a mirror. Loaded apps gets a mirror. The current design data is kept in another mirror and Another mirror is back-up one and / or VM territory. Then the external 2TB drive (via e-SATA) is the next layer of data security and then finally, I use off-site data security. Thanks.

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• Slow disk transfer rate

  - by Nooklez

  I have problem with slow disk transfer rate. It's static files server for our website. I was making backup of data and noticed that tar is very slow. So I did hdparm -t and... hdparm -t /dev/sda3 /dev/sda3: Timing buffered disk reads: 6 MB in 4.70 seconds = 1.28 MB/sec It's low traffic hour now on our site, so huge I/O traffic is not a reason (iotop show less than 1 MB/s). It's RAID10 setup (2x2 SATA drives). Unit UnitType Status %RCmpl %V/I/M Stripe Size(GB) Cache AVrfy ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ u0 RAID-10 OK - - 64K 1396.96 W ON VPort Status Unit Size Type Phy Encl-Slot Model ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ p0 OK u0 698.63 GB SATA 0 - WDC WD7500AADS-00M2 p1 OK u0 698.63 GB SATA 1 - WDC WD7500AADS-00M2 p2 OK u0 698.63 GB SATA 2 - WDC WD7500AADS-00M2 p3 OK u0 698.63 GB SATA 3 - WDC WD7500AADS-00M2 We have recently changed almost all components of server (excluding 3ware controller + disks). And I think problems started since then. Can it be configuration problem or hardware? EDIT: I found something like that in dmesg [166843.625843] irq 16: nobody cared (try booting with the "irqpoll" option) [166843.625846] Pid: 0, comm: swapper Not tainted 3.1.5-gentoo #3 [166843.625847] Call Trace: [166843.625848] <IRQ> [<ffffffff810859d5>] __report_bad_irq+0x35/0xc1 [166843.625856] [<ffffffff81085cec>] note_interrupt+0x165/0x1e1 [166843.625859] [<ffffffff8108445f>] handle_irq_event_percpu+0x16f/0x187 [166843.625861] [<ffffffff810844a9>] handle_irq_event+0x32/0x51 [166843.625863] [<ffffffff8108640b>] handle_fasteoi_irq+0x75/0x99 [166843.625866] [<ffffffff810039d7>] handle_irq+0x83/0x8b [166843.625868] [<ffffffff810036ad>] do_IRQ+0x48/0xa0 [166843.625871] [<ffffffff8155082b>] common_interrupt+0x6b/0x6b [166843.625872] <EOI> [<ffffffff812981e8>] ? acpi_safe_halt+0x22/0x35 [166843.625877] [<ffffffff812981e2>] ? acpi_safe_halt+0x1c/0x35 [166843.625879] [<ffffffff81298216>] acpi_idle_do_entry+0x1b/0x2b [166843.625881] [<ffffffff81298276>] acpi_idle_enter_c1+0x50/0x99 [166843.625884] [<ffffffff813b792a>] cpuidle_idle_call+0xed/0x171 [166843.625886] [<ffffffff81001257>] cpu_idle+0x55/0x81 [166843.625888] [<ffffffff81532a69>] rest_init+0x6d/0x6f [166843.625891] [<ffffffff81aa1aca>] start_kernel+0x329/0x334 [166843.625893] [<ffffffff81aa12a6>] x86_64_start_reservations+0xb6/0xba [166843.625894] [<ffffffff81aa139c>] x86_64_start_kernel+0xf2/0xf9 [166843.625896] handlers: [166843.625898] [<ffffffff812dc8de>] twl_interrupt [166843.625900] Disabling IRQ #16 It's related to problem? EDIT #2: Based on feedback in comments, here is more informations. cat /proc/interrupts 16: 390813 0 0 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi 3w-sas Controller model: [ 1.095350] 3ware Storage Controller device driver for Linux v1.26.02.003. [ 1.095467] 3ware 9000 Storage Controller device driver for Linux v2.26.02.014. [ 1.095641] LSI 3ware SAS/SATA-RAID Controller device driver for Linux v3.26.02.000. [ 1.095787] 3w-sas 0000:01:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 1.095881] 3w-sas 0000:01:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 1.910801] 3w-sas: scsi0: Found an LSI 3ware 9750-4i Controller at 0xfe560000, IRQ: 16. [ 2.216537] 3w-sas: scsi0: Firmware FH9X 5.08.00.008, BIOS BE9X 5.07.00.011, Phys: 8. [ 2.216836] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access LSI 9750-4i DISK 5.08 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 And motherboard: description: Motherboard product: P8H67-M vendor: ASUSTeK Computer INC.

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• Intermittent lockups, unable to diagnose in over a year

  - by Magsol

  Here's a real doosie; I may just give my firstborn child to whomever helps me solve this problem. In July 2008, I assembled what would be my desktop computer for graduate school. Here are the specs of the machine I built: Thermaltake 750W PSU Corsair Dominator 2x2GB 240-pin SDRAM Thermaltake Tower Asus P5K Deluxe Motherboard Intel Core 2 Quad Q9300 2.5GHz CPU 2 x GeForce 8600 GT WD Caviar Blue 640GB hard drive CD burner DVD burner Soon thereafter, I ordered a new motherboard (because I was an idiot; that first motherboard supported CrossFire, not SLI), an Asus P5N-D. I was originally running Windows XP SP3. Pretty much right into the start of the fall semester, my desktop would simply lock up after awhile. If my system was largely idling, it would be after 1-3 days. If was gaming, it often happened an hour or two into my gaming session, indicating a link to activity level. Here's where it started getting interesting. I started looking at the system temps. The CPU was warmer than it should have been (~60s C), so I purchased some more efficient cooling compound a way better cooler for it. Now it hardly goes over 40 C. Intel was even kind enough to swap it out for free, just to rule it out. Lockups continued. The graphics cards were also running pretty warm: about 60 C idling. Removing one of them seemed to improve stability a little bit...as in, it wouldn't lock up quite as frequently, but still always eventually locked up. But it didn't matter which card I used or removed, the lockups continued. I reverted back to the original motherboard, the P5K Deluxe. Lockups continued. I purchased an entirely new motherboard, eVGA's nForce 750i. Lockups continued. Ran memtest86+ over and over and over, with no errors. Even RMA'd the memory. Lockups continued. Replaced the PSU with a Corsair 750W PSU. Lockups continued. Tried disconnecting all IDE drives (HDDs are SATA). Lockups continued. Replaced both graphics cards with a single Radeon HD 4980. Average temps are now always around 50 C when idling, 60 C only when gaming. Lockups continued. Throughout the whole ordeal, the system has been upgraded from Windows XP SP3 to Vista 32-bit, to Vista 64-bit, and is now at Windows 7 64-bit. Lockups have occurred at every step along the way (each OS was in place for at least a few months before the next upgrade). Edit: By "upgrade" I mean clean install each time. In addition to those reformats, I have performed many, many other reformats of the system and a reinstall of whatever OS had been previously installed in an attempt to rectify this problem, to no avail./Edit When the system locks up, there's no blue screen, no reboot, no error message of any kind. It simply freezes in place until I hit the reset button. Very, very rarely, once Windows boots back up, the system informs me that Windows has recovered from an error, but it can never find the source aside from some piece of hardware. I've swapped out every component in this computer, and there are more fans in it than I care to count...though for the sake of completeness: top 80mm case fan (out) rear 80mm case fan (out) rear 120mm case fan (out) front 120mm case fan (in) side 250mm case fan (in) giant CPU fan on-board motherboard fan (the eVGA board) triple-fan memory setup (came with the memory) PSU internal fan another 120mm fan I stuck on the underside of the video card to keep hot air from collecting at the bottom of the case I'm truly out of ideas. ANY help at all would be oh-so-very GREATLY appreciated. Thank you!

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• How to diagnose computer lockups and freezes?

  - by Scott Mitchell

  I built a desktop computer a couple years back with the following specs: CPU: Intel Core 2 Quad Q9300 Yorkfield 2.5GHz 6 MB L2 Cache LGA 775 95W Quad-Core Processor BX80580Q9300 Motherboard: EVGA 122-CK-NF68-T1 LGA 775 NVIDIA nForce 680i SLI ATX Intel Motherboard Video Card: Two EVGA 256-P2-N758-TR GeForce 8600GT SCC 256 MB 128-bit GDDR3 PCI Express x16 SLI Supported Video Card PSU: SeaSonic S12 Energy Plus SS-550HT 550W ATX12V V2.3 / EPS12V V2.91 SLI Certified CrossFire Ready 80 PLUS Certified Active PFC Power Supply Memory: Two G.SKILL 4 GB (2 x 2 GB) 240-Pin DDR2 SDRAM DDR2 800 (PC2 6400) Dual Channel Kit Desktop Memory Model F2-6400CL5D-4GBPQ Since its inception, the machine has periodically locked up, the regularity having varied over the years from once a day to once a month. Typically, lockups happen once every few days. By "lockup" I mean my computer just freezes. The screen locks up, I can't move the mouse. Hitting keys on my keyboard that normally turn LEDs on or off on the keyboard (such as Caps Lock) no longer turn the LEDs on or off. If there was music playing at the time of the lockup, noise keeps coming out of the speakers, but it's just the current frequency/note that plays indefinitely. There is no BSOD. When such a lockup occurs I have to do a hard reboot by either turning off the computer or hitting the reset button. I have the most recent version of the NVIDIA hardware drivers, and update them semi-regularly, but that hasn't seemed to help. I am currently using Windows 7 x64, but was previously using Windows Server 2003 x64 and having the same lockup issues. My guess is that it's somehow video driver or motherboard related, but I don't know how to go about diagnosing this problem to narrow down which of the two is the culprit. Additional information re: cooling Regarding cooling... I've not installed any after-market cooling systems aside from two regular fans I scavenged from an older computer. The fan atop the CPU is the one that shipped with it. One of the two scavenged fans I added it located at the bottom tower of the corner, in an attempt to create some airflow from front to back. The second fan is pointed directly at the two video cards. SpeedFan installation and readings Per studiohack's suggestion, I installed SpeedFan, which provided the following temperature readings: GPU: 63C GPU: 65C System: 76C CPU: 64C AUX: 36C Core 0: 78C Core 1: 76C Core 2: 79C Core 3: 79C Update #3: Another Lockup :-( Well, I had another lockup last night. :-( SpeedFan reported the CPU temp at 38 C when it happened, and there was no spike in temperature leading up to the freeze. One thing I notice is that the freeze seems more likely to happen if I am watching a video. In fact, of the last 5 freezes over the past month, 4 of them have been while watching a video on Flickr. Not necessarily the same video, but a video nevertheless. I don't know if this is just coincidence or if it means anything. (As an aside, each night before bedtime my 2 year old daughter sits on my lap and watches some home videos on Flickr and, in the last month, has learned the phrase, "Uh oh, computer broke.") Update #4: MemTest86 and 3DMark06 Test Results: Per suggestions in the comments, I ran the MemTest86 overnight and it cycled through the 8 GB of memory 5 times without error. I also ran the 3DMark06 test without a problem (see my scores at http://3dmark.com/3dm06/15163549). So... what now? :-) Any further suggestions on what to check? Is there some way to get a stack trace or something when the computer locks like that? Resolution I have never did figure out the particular problems, but based on the suggestions here and elsewhere, I'm presuming it was a motherboard issue. In any event, I recently upgraded my system, buying a new motherbeard, PSU, CPU, and RAM, and that new rig has been working splendidly the past several weeks. I am using the same graphic cards as in the old setup, so I think it's safe to reason that they weren't the cause of the problem.

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• Computer not POSTing "randomly"?

  - by smoth190

  I have a custom built PC that is exhibiting some...odd... behavior, something I've never seen before. It was working fine one day, and the next day, it wouldn't start. Seeing as I wanted an upgrade anyway, I purchased a new motherboard that was compatible with all my parts. While replacing the motherboard, I accidentally damaged the CPU. Well, I wanted a new one anyway... so I got a new one. Seeing as I was replacing a ton of parts already, I bought a new PSU because the old one was super loud. When I slapped it all together, it starts up, lights, fans, drives, they all start. But I get no display from the monitor. No beeps, which I believe means it doesn't POST. I figured it was the RAM, because after removing the sound card and graphics card, there was nothing else that I hadn't replaced. When I remove both sticks of RAM, I get a continuous beeping, and according to the mobo handbook, means no RAM. So I think the mobo is functional, or atleast partly. I bought new RAM, but it still didn't work. I tried 3 monitors, with both VGA and DIV. So it's probably not the monitor, either. Now, let me get to the random part. Every 20 or so boots (I should also mention, for about 3 out of 5 boots I have to unplug the PC because it won't powerdown via the button), it will POST and I'll get display. Then, after about 2 or 3 resets, it won't work again. This confuses me so much, because even when I change nothing, it will/will not work. My thought is that maybe it has something to do with the RAM not clearing or something. I also reset the CMOS battery, incase that had anything to do with it, but no eval. I found some weird suggestion online about holding the power button for 30 seconds while it was unplugged. That did nothing, but I didn't expect it would... I've replaced just about the entire computer, and all the parts are compatible. Done about everything I can think of, but nothing has worked. Hopefully someone can help me here. And as I side note: When I do get my computer to boot, it says my hardware has changed and I have to re-activate windows. But it says I have to call Microsoft to do it. So I get this fancy automated voice that asks me to enter in a code into windows, then it asks me "How many computers have you activated with this copy of Windows?". Well, I had it on my computer before I replaced everything, so I said 1. Then he yelled at me for violating my 1-use license. I dunno what's going on there, do I have to re-purchase Windows 7? And they wonder why people pirate software... That's just a bonus question, though. Specs: 8GB of DDR2 RAM (Corsair) AMD CPU (I don't know what GHz or model because I can't find the box... (I think its 4 cores of 2.8Ghz) ASRock A785GM-LE Motherboard

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• T60 Screen/LCD gets black after some minutes with a highpitched sound rising and fading

  - by edelwater

  Just now my T60 screen got "black" (so no display). On my second monitor: no problems so the VGA output works. Symptom: Screen blanks / no display, but it works on the second monitor Steps to reproduce: - boot - wait (it does not matter what you do you do not have to login or anything) - (now the monitor of the laptop slowly begins to make a ssssssssHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHWOEOEssssssss noise of about 10 seconds) - right after the sounds ends, the monitor gets black. Sometimes it seems to be the same each time. Software: Installed no new software before/after, running ZoneAlarm and antivirus. Other: It does not feel hot in any place, there don't seem to be running processes with strange behaviour. Warranty: Out of warranty What was I doing: Typing text on a website and doing some PHP coding in a text editor. What can I do here other than buy a new laptop? Does it sound familiar to known cases? Update 1: Exactly the same problem: http://forums.lenovo.com/t5/T61-and-prior-T-series-ThinkPad/T60-Screen-Blackout/m-p/288772 and the second poster (garyj), http://forums.lenovo.com/t5/T61-and-prior-T-series-ThinkPad/Black-Screen-on-T60/m-p/235053#M48627 And here: "I have that same problem. I replaced the CCRL on mine and it works fine when the screen is not screwed in. Once the frame of the LCD screen (metal portion) touches the metal on the laptop which holds the screen the screen goes black. If the metal is touching the screen when you boot up it boots up with it being very dimmly lit. " from http://forums.lenovo.com/t5/T61-and-prior-T-series-ThinkPad/T60-screen-problems/m-p/205047#M44995 (it seems replacing the LCD display is no use, he tried it three times). Same problem: http://forums.lenovo.com/t5/T61-and-prior-T-series-ThinkPad/T60-black-screen/m-p/80604#M25914 Hmmm... not handy 3 or 4 months ago I ordered and installed a new fan. Now the LCD. Which does not seem the core issue but some electric issue so it seems replacing the LCD is not the thing to do here. If it is not the LCD that needs to be replaced (see other threads), which parts can I order to fix this? Is there any information which could lead me to identify the issue? I have read replacing the "inverter" AND the "backlightning" would that make sense? Update 2: I replaced the inverter with another inverter, but IO have the same problem. I DID notice that the inverter is the component that makes the sssssssssssssHHHHHHHHHH sound AND it becomes very hot in a few seconds. (So both the old and the test one) The problem is hmmm wat is then the thing that makes the inverter hot by (assumption) after which it shuts itself down. Is it either the input or the output? The output seems to me not, because the screen seems to function so it must be the electricity coming in. But what causes it to become so hot would it be the VGA card outputting some unusual high voltage seems unlikely? I am looking for the component to order / replace update 3: Great news. Ewendish gave me the hint to look in the BIOS. While I was in the BIOS I noticed that the screen did not switch off and there was not a high pitched sound. So I lowered some settings in the BIOS. I then noticed that with brightness turned to 0 (via FN End), it does not make a high pitched sound and does not turn off, with brightness turned up just three "stripes" it starts making the sound. So I could from now on work under lowest brightness modus or... see where the problem lies. So as stated below with either power management or display drivers / ATI Catalyst settings / Windows display settings. I'm trying to see where it lies, but I will google some first. Update 4: I wiped clean the Windows XP installation and installed Windows 7 on it. Unfortunately the problem remains: as soon as the brightness goes up the screen starts hissing. This means... back to original thought: it probably IS a hardware problem. Although ... again... if it is NOT the inverter, what is it? Could it be the backlightning component? I could try to switch that with a another T60... but this is quite tricky.

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• How to protect/monitor your site from crawling by malicious user

  - by deathy

  Situation: Site with content protected by username/password (not all controlled since they can be trial/test users) a normal search engine can't get at it because of username/password restrictions a malicious user can still login and pass the session cookie to a "wget -r" or something else. The question would be what is the best solution to monitor such activity and respond to it (considering the site policy is no-crawling/scraping allowed) I can think of some options: Set up some traffic monitoring solution to limit the number of requests for a given user/IP. Related to the first point: Automatically block some user-agents (Evil :)) Set up a hidden link that when accessed logs out the user and disables his account. (Presumably this would not be accessed by a normal user since he wouldn't see it to click it, but a bot will crawl all links.) For point 1. do you know of a good already-implemented solution? Any experiences with it? One problem would be that some false positives might show up for very active but human users. For point 3: do you think this is really evil? Or do you see any possible problems with it? Also accepting other suggestions.

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• Using JMX classes to notify on events over time

  - by Cincinnati Joe

  I've been looking at JMX for monitoring application and system metrics (partially because MBeans can accessed by various tools such as JConsole). It would seem like the classes included with JMX would be useful for things like notification when metrics have exceeded thresholds. But I'm not sure they fit with the way I want to measure these over a specified time period. For example, let's say I want to notify an admin when the average CPU load is over 95% for more than 5 minutes. Is that something can be done with a GaugeMonitor? From the docs, it doesn't seem quite suited for this, and I'm wondering if instead I should write my own MBean with the necessary logic. A more relevant example is when the login times for users exceed 10s over a period of 5 mins. Slightly different would be the last 20 logins took more than 10s on average. Another case would be when a process crashes 4+ times in an hour. Or the request queue exceeds 15 for 5 mins. Are the JMX Monitor classes useful for this kind of thing?

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• How to stop the android soft keyboard from ever coming up in my entire application

  - by JohnnyLambada

  I'm developing an application on a hardware device that has a built-in hardware keyboard that does not slide out so is always visible (like a blackberry). Therefore, I NEVER want the soft keyboard to display for my entire application. I'm aware of another SO question that gives the following lines of code: InputMethodManager imm = (InputMethodManager)getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE); imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow(myEditText.getWindowToken(), 0); But I don't know where to put this code to hide the soft keyboard in all places where it might possibly appear in my Activity. I have tried adding the code to Activity.onUserInteraction to no avail. It seems the keyboard appears after the onUserInteraction executes.

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• Bitbanging a PIO on Coldfire/ucLinux

  - by G Forty

  Here's the problem: I need to program some hardware via 2 pins of the PIO (1 clock, 1 data). Timing constraints are tight - 10ms clock cycle time. All this, of course, whilst I maintain very high level services (CAN bus, TCP/IP). The downstream unit also ACKS by asserting a PIO pin, configured as an input, high. So this loop has to both read and write. I need to send 16 bits in the serial stream. Is there an established way to do this sort of thing or should I simply get the hardware guys to add a PIC or somesuch. I'd much prefer to avoid exotics like RTAI extensions at this stage. I did once see a reference to user-mode IO which implied a possible interrupt driven driver but lost track of it. Any pointers welcomed.

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• Control Philips Living Colors using PC

  - by CrazyChris

  Hi guys, is there a way (hardware/software-combination) that I can use to control one or more "Philips Living Colors" lamps using a PC - e.g. a USB-stick that acts as the "remote". This way i could control the lamp through software (e.g. a web-app - over iPhone / remotely) or even create what Philips builds into some of their TVs and calls "ambilight" (graphics driver detecting the main color to control the lamp). I guess this is more like a hardware than a software question - but I couldn't find anything about this online and I'm sure not to be the first to have come up with this idea right when I unpacked my LivingColors lamp yesterday ;) Any idea/hint is appreciated. -chris

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• Which hardware to VM ratio for Build-Server virtualization?

  - by Martin

  Let's start with saying that I'm a total noob wrt. to server virtualization. That is, I use VMs often during development, but they're simple desktop machine things for me. Now to my problem: We have two (physical) build servers, one master, one slave running Jenkins to do daily tasks and build (Visual C++ Builds) our release packages for our software. As such these machines are critical to our company, because we do lot's releases and without a controlled environment to create them, we can't ship fixes. (And currently there's no proper backup of these machines in place, because they do not hold any data as such - it just would be a major pain to setup them again should they go bust. (But setting up backup that I'd know would work in case of HW failure would even be more pain, so we have skipped that until now.)) Therefore (and for scaling purposes) we would like to go virtual with these machines. Outsourcing to the cloud is not an option, not at all, so we'll have to use on-premises hardware and VM hosts. Each Build-Server (master or slave) is a fully configured (installs, licenses, shares in case of the master, ...) Windows Server box. I would now ideally like to just convert the (two) existing physical nodes to VM images and run them. Later add more VM slave instances as clones of the existing ones. And here begin my questions: Should I go for one VM per one hardware-box or should I go for something where a single hardware runs multiple VMs? That would mean a single point of failure hardware wise and doesn't seem like a good idea ... or?? Since we're doing C++ compilation with Visual Studio, I assume that during a build the hardware (processor cores + disk) will be fully utilized, so going with more than one build-node per hardware doesn't seem to make much sense?? Wrt. to hardware options, does it make any difference which VM software we use (VMWare, MS, Virtualbox, ... ?) (We're using Windows exclusively for our builds.) Regarding budget: We have a normal small company (20 developers) budget for this. ;-) That is, if it's going to cost a few k$ it's going to cost. If it's free - the better. I strongly prefer solutions where there's no multi-k$ maintenance costs per year.

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• Sysadmin 101: How can I figure out why my server crashes and monitor performance?

  - by bflora

  I have a Drupal-powered site that seems to have neverending performance problems. It was butt-slow about 5 months ago. I brought in some guys who installed nginx for anonymous visitors, ajaxified a few queries so they wouldn't fire during page load, and helped me find a few bottlenecks in the code. For about a month, the site was significantly faster, though not "fast" by any stretch of the word. Meanwhile, I'm now shelling out $400/month to Slicehost to host a site that gets less than 5,000/uniques a day. Yes, you read that right. Go Drupal. Recently the site started crashing again and is slow again. I can't afford to hire people to come in, study my code from top to bottom, and make changes that may or may not help anymore. And I can't afford to throw more hardware at the problem. So I need to figure out what the problem is myself. Questions: When apache crashes, is it possible to find out what caused it to crash? There has to be a way, right? If so, how can I do this? Is there software I can use that will tell me which process caused my server to die? (e.g. "Apache crashed because someone visited page X." or "Apache crashed because you were importing too many RSS items from feed X.") There's got to be a way to learn this, right? What's a good, noob-friendly way to monitor my current apache performance? My developer friends tell me to "just use Top, dude," but Top shows me a bunch of numbers without any context. I have no clue what qualifies as a bad number or a good number in Top, or which processes are relevant and which aren't. Are there any noob-friendly server monitoring tools out there? Ideally, I could have a page that would give me a color-coded indicator about how apache is performing and then show me a list of processes or pages that are sucking right now. This way, I could know when performance is bad and then what's causing it to be so bad. Why does PHP memory matter? My apparently has a 30MB memory foot print. Will it run faster if I bring that number down? Thanks for any advice. I spent a year or so trying to boost my advertising income so I could hire a contractor to solve my performance woes. I didn't want to have to learn all this sysadmin voodoo. I'm now resigned to the fact that might not have a choice.

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• Determining failing sectors on portable flash memory

  - by Faxwell Mingleton

  I'm trying to write a program that will detect signs of failure for portable flash memory devices (thumb drives, etc). I have seen tools in the past that are able to detect failing sectors and other kinds of trouble on conventional mechanical hard drives, but I fear that flash memory does not have the same kind of predictable low-level access to the hardware due to the internal workings of the storage. Things like wear-leveling and other block-remapping techniques (to skip over 'dead' sectors?) lead me to believe that determining if a flash drive is failing will be difficult at best, if not impossible (short of having constant read failures and device unmounts). Flash drives at their end-of-life should be easy to detect (constant CRC discrepancies during reads and all-out failure). But what about drives that might be failing early? Are there any tell-tale signs like slower throughput speeds that might indicate a flash drive is going to fail much sooner than normal? Along the lines of detecting potentially bad blocks, I had considered attempting random reads/writes to a file close to or exactly the size of the entire volume, but even then is it possible that the drive might report sizes under its maximum capacity to account for 'dead' blocks? In short, is there any way to circumvent or at least detect (algorithmically or otherwise) the use of block-remapping or other life extension techniques for flash memory? Let me end this question by expressing my uncertainty as to whether or not this belongs on serverfault.com . This is definitely a hardware-related question, but I also desire a software solution - preferably one that I can program myself. If this question is misplaced, I will be happy to migrate it to serverfault - but I do need a programming solution. Please let me know if you need clarification :) Thanks!

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• Uncorrectable Machine Check Exception on HP DL360 G7

  - by ReDSerpenT

  i have about every hour in IML (hplog) from HP DL360 G7 record: CRITICAL: CPU - Uncorrectable Machine Check Exception (Board 0, Processor 1, APIC ID 0x00000003, Bank 0x00000005, Status 0xBE000000'00800400, Address 0x00003FFF'811239E0, Misc 0x00000000'00007FFF) hpasmcli show server System : ProLiant DL360 G7 ROM version : P68 09/30/2010 iLo present : Yes Can someone tell me what part is being referenced by the IML status codes above? Thank in advance!

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• DIY a simple .inf on an existing .sys?

  - by Stijn Sanders

  In continuation of attempting to get an old Digi ST-1032 working on a new server, we've downgraded a server to Windows 2000 in an attempt to use the NT4 drivers. And it works, the old software setup works, finds the device on the SCSI bus, and connects the 32 ports to COM3..COM34 or any other set using the port remapper tool. The minor issue that remains is that Plug-and-Play still detects this device over SCSI and tries to wizard you into selecting a driver for it. Which doesn't exists (Digi Intl support confirms this device is so old, a 2000 or XP driver was never made). The exact name displayed is "DigiIntl ST-1032 SCSI Net Device" (Oddly enough, two devices get detected with this name, on two neighbouring LUN's, could one be the built-in terminator?) Is there a way to concoct a simple .inf that would (re-)register the existing sts.sys that appears to get registered by the (old) installer of the driver software?

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• Force RAID to read "exiled" disk?

  - by user197015

  We have a RAID 6 array (Infortrend EonStor DS S16F) that recently had two disks fail. Immediately prior to replacing these two disks, a third, good, disk was accidentally ejected from the array. After reinserting this disk it is marked as "exiled" by the array's firmware, and so even after replacing the two failed disks with new ones the array refuses to rebuild the logical volume and remains inaccessible. Since the temporarily-ejected disk is still functional and nothing has been written to the array since it was ejected, it seems that it should theoretically be possible to recover all the data on the array, but how can we convince the array to use the data from the "exiled" disk? Thanks for any help or advice you can offer.

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• Differences between KVR16N11H/8 and KVR16N11/8 memory except for height?

  - by rzetterberg

  I accidentally ordered KVR16N11/8 instead of KVR16N11H/8 and I'm wondering if I'm going to have compability issues with my Intel DP67DE motherboard. When searching for compatible RAM on Kingstons site for that motherboard the KVR16N11H/8 RAM was one of the compatible ones. The KVR16N11/8 did not show up as compatible for that motherboard. The only difference I can see is that they have different physical height, or am I missing something?

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• Sony PCG-252L white screen help

  - by rm

  I have a PCG-252L All-in-one desktop. Last week it downloaded some updates, restarted, and even since then is shows nothing but a white screen. I can hear the beeps on startup, screen changes from white to black a couple of times, and then stays white. There's no VGA or HDMI port on the computer, so I can't plug it into the external monitor. Any ideas?

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• HD Tune warning for "Reallocated Event Count" with a new/unused drive. How serious is that?

  - by Developer Art

  I've just looked at the health status of my old 2,5 inch 500 Gb Fujitsu drive with a popular "HD Tune" utility. It shows a warning for the "Reallocated Event Count" property. How serious is that? The thing is that the drive is practically new. I pulled it out of a new laptop over a year ago and never used it since. Right now it only has 53 "Power On" hours which sounds about right since I only had it running a few evenings overnight before switching it for something more performant. Does this warning indicate that the drive is likely to fail some time in the future? I'm somewhat perplexed since the drive is effectively unused. What is more, I have arranged with somebody to buy off this drive since I don't really need. It is 12,5 mm thick (with 3 plates) meaning it doesn't fit into an external enclosure which makes it quite useless to me. Can I give away the drive without having it on my conscience or better cancel the deal? In other words, can the drive be used safely for years to come or better throw it away? I'm running a sector test now to see if there are any real problems. Will post the results as soon as they're available.

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• Graphics card not working but integrated graphics is working

  - by Dustin Martin

  I have a PCIe Geforce 6600 that I've been using in my PC for a couple years now without problems. Recently though I've not been using the PC and had it unplugged. When I when to use it again I accidentally plugged in the monitor to the VGA port for the integrated graphics instead of the 6600 card VGA port and began using it again (I'm currently running Windows 7). I then realized that I had the monitor plugged in wrong and switched the monitor to the 6600 port. Unfortunately I cannot get it to work. When the monitor is plugged in to the 6600 port the monitor will not display anything; not when booting up or in Windows (so I don’t believe the problem is Windows related). I've even tried booting a live CD for Ubuntu to see if that will recognize the card but no luck. Somehow it seems I need to "turn off" the integrated graphics and instruct the PC to use the 6600 card but I'm at a loss for how to do that. I looked high and low in the BIOS for a setting to do this but cannot find anything at all. I have a MSI motherboard and AMI Bios. Any ideas?

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• USB Drive Not recognized

  - by user36582

  My Friend's Pen Drive, which was working well very well just few days ago, is not being recognized after getting used by a virus affected machine. Its not on fdisk -l or lsusb However in dmesg I can see the following: [ 977.300013] usb 5-2: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 2 [ 977.420014] usb 5-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 977.644023] usb 5-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 977.860013] usb 5-2: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 3 [ 977.980013] usb 5-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 978.204013] usb 5-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 978.420013] usb 5-2: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 4 [ 978.828015] usb 5-2: device not accepting address 4, error -71 [ 978.940015] usb 5-2: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 5 [ 979.348013] usb 5-2: device not accepting address 5, error -71 [ 979.348292] hub 5-0:1.0: unable to enumerate USB device on port 2 [ 1017.848015] usb 5-2: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 6 [ 1017.968012] usb 5-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 1018.192017] usb 5-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 1018.408014] usb 5-2: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 7 [ 1018.528012] usb 5-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 1018.752023] usb 5-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 1018.968012] usb 5-2: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 8 [ 1019.376019] usb 5-2: device not accepting address 8, error -71 [ 1019.488011] usb 5-2: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 9 [ 1019.896016] usb 5-2: device not accepting address 9, error -71 [ 1019.896308] hub 5-0:1.0: unable to enumerate USB device on port 2 [ 1049.984016] usb 5-1: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 10 [ 1050.104014] usb 5-1: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 1050.328014] usb 5-1: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 1050.544014] usb 5-1: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 11 [ 1050.664018] usb 5-1: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 1050.888019] usb 5-1: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 1051.104025] usb 5-1: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 12 [ 1051.512014] usb 5-1: device not accepting address 12, error -71 [ 1051.624101] usb 5-1: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 13 [ 1052.032014] usb 5-1: device not accepting address 13, error -71 [ 1052.032991] hub 5-0:1.0: unable to enumerate USB device on port 1 What these Errors actually mean and how Can I get this pen drive Back to work ??

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• HP D530 Startup Error: 512 - Chassis Fan Not Detected

  - by lyrikles

  I'm using the HP D530 Motherboard/CPU that I installed in a new case with a 600W PSU. There was a problem with the onboard chassis fan connector (3-wire) not supplying sufficient power to the chassis fan indicated by the fan spinning very slowly, but I never experienced the "512 Error" at boot. Also, the same fan works perfectly connected directly to the PSU. I disconnected it since I already have plenty of fans connected via the PSU directly. Since then, on startup, I get the error: "512 - Chassis Fan Not Detected" and am asked to "Press F1 to continue". This gets quite annoying since I use this machine remotely (w/ FreeNAS). What could be causing the onboard fan connector to not be giving enough power? If this is unable to be corrected, how can I make the BIOS think there's a chassis fan plugged in without actually plugging a fan into the onboard connector? Would it be possible to jumper the pins without damaging the motherboard or PSU? Thanks,Erik

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• BIOS interrupts, privilege levels and paging

  - by Jack

  Hi, I was learning about Intel 8086-80486 CPUs and their interactions with HW. But I still don´t understand it quite well. Please, help me fill blank spots. First, I know that CPU communicates with HW using BIOS interrupts. But, what really happens in PC, when I call some INT instruction? I know that according the interrupt table some instructions begin to execute, but how by executing some instructions can BIOS recognize what I want to do? Becouse as far as I know, CPU has no extra communication channel with BIOS, it can only adress memory and receive data. So how can I instruct BIOS to do something, when I can only address RAM? Next thing I don't understand is about privilege levels. I know about ring model, and access rights, but how does the CPU know which privilege level has executed an instruction? I think that these privileges apply only when intruction is trying to address memory, but how does an application get its privilege level? I mean I know its level 3, but how is it set? And last thing, I know that paging is address scheme that is used to support aplication-transparent virtual memory, or swapping, but I could not find any information about how paging is tied with protected mode. Like if paging is like next mode independent of protected mode, or its somehow implemented within protected mode. And if it is implemented in protected mode, isn´t it too slow, to first address application space, then offset, and then paging folder, page and offset once again?

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• Why does Mass Effect 1 run so slow on my machine if I have an XFX NVidia 9400GT video card? [closed]

  - by Papuccino1

  I so sick and tired of having my components pass the minimum requirements of a game and then I get 15 FPS on the game on everything low. Should't PC developers say 'use at least this video card for a smooth 30 FPS'? Here are my specs: Windows 7 2GB DDR2 RAM XFX Nvidia 9400gt Intel Pentium D Dual Core 2.8ghz I should be at LEAST getting 30 FPS on everything low right? Please tell me what I can do to make games run as they should, or is my video card not good for these games? Here are the recommended requirements from the official site: Recommended System Requirements for Mass Effect on the PC Operating System: Windows XP or Vista Processor: 2.6+GHZ Intel or 2.4+GHZ AMD Memory: 2 Gigabyte Ram Video Card: NVIDIA GeForce 7900 GTX or higher. ATI X1800 XL series or higher Hard Drive Space: 12 Gigabytes Sound Card: DirectX 9.0c compatible sound card and drivers – 5.1 sound card recommended My videocard is 9400GT, how is that worse than a 7900GTX? :S Edit 2: I should note, that I get poor frames when running the game in absolute BOTTOM specs. lowest resolution, no particles, etc. etc. Absolute ZERO and getting poor framerates.

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