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• Blit SDL_Surface onto another SDL_Surface and apply a colorkey

  - by NordCoder

  I want to load an SDL_Surface into an OpenGL texture with padding (so that NPOT-POT) and apply a color key on the surface afterwards. I either end up colorkeying all pixels, regardless of their color, or not colorkey anything at all. I have tried a lot of different things, but none of them seem to work. Here's the working snippet of my code. I use a custom color class for the colorkey (range [0-1]): // Create an empty surface with the same settings as the original image SDL_Surface* paddedImage = SDL_CreateRGBSurface(image->flags, width, height, image->format->BitsPerPixel, #if SDL_BYTEORDER == SDL_BIG_ENDIAN 0xff000000, 0x00ff0000, 0x0000ff00, 0x000000ff #else 0x000000ff, 0x0000ff00, 0x00ff0000, 0xff000000 #endif ); // Map RGBA color to pixel format value Uint32 colorKeyPixelFormat = SDL_MapRGBA(paddedImage->format, static_cast<Uint8>(colorKey.R * 255), static_cast<Uint8>(colorKey.G * 255), static_cast<Uint8>(colorKey.B * 255), static_cast<Uint8>(colorKey.A * 255)); SDL_FillRect(paddedImage, NULL, colorKeyPixelFormat); // Blit the image onto the padded image SDL_BlitSurface(image, NULL, paddedImage, NULL); SDL_SetColorKey(paddedImage, SDL_SRCCOLORKEY, colorKeyPixelFormat); Afterwards, I generate an OpenGL texture from paddedImage using similar code to the SDL+OpenGL texture loading code found online (I'll post if necessary). This code works if I just want the texture with or without padding, and is likely not the problem. I realize that I set all pixels in paddedImage to have alpha zero which causes the first problem I mentioned, but I can't seem to figure out how to do this. Should I just loop over the pixels and set the appropriate colors to have alpha zero?

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• Load image blurred Android

  - by Mira

  I'm trying to create a map for a game through an image, where each black pixel is equivalent to a wall, and yellow to flowers(1) and green grass(0) so far i had this image (50x50): http://i.imgur.com/Ydj9Cp2.png the problem here seems to be that, when i read the image on my code, it get's scaled up to 100x100, even tough i have it on the raw folder. I can't let it scale up or down because that will put noise and blur on the image and then the map won't be readable. here i have my code: (...) Bitmap tab=BitmapFactory.decodeResource(resources, com.example.lolitos2.R.raw.mappixel); //tab=Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(tab, 50, 50, false); Log.e("w", tab.getWidth()+"."+tab.getHeight()); for (int i = 0; i < tab.getWidth(); i++) { for (int j = 0; j < tab.getHeight(); j++) { int x = j; int y = i; switch (tab.getPixel(x, y)) { // se o é uma parede case Color.BLACK: getParedes()[x][y] = new Parede(x, y); break; case Color.GREEN: fundo.add(new Passivo(x,y,0)); break; default: fundo.add(new Passivo(x,y,1)); } } } How can i read my image Map without rescaling it?

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• glTexImage2D + byte[]

  - by miniMe

  How can I upload pixels from a simple byte array to an OpenGl texture ? I'm using glTexImage2D and all I get is a white rectangle instead of a pixelated texture. The 9th parameter (32-bit pointer to the pixel data) is IMO the problem. I tried lots of parameter types there (byte, ref byte, byte[], ref byte[], int & IntPtr + Marshall, out byte, out byte[], byte*). glGetError() always returns GL_NO_ERROR. There must be something I'm doing wrong because it's never some gibberish pixels. It's always white. glGenTextures works correct. The first id has the value 1 like always in OpenGL. And I draw colored lines without any problem. So something is wrong with my texturing. I'm in control of the DllImport. So I can change the parameter types if necessary. GL.glBindTexture(GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D, id); int w = 4; int h = 4; byte[] bytes = new byte[w * h * 4]; for (int i = 0; i < bytes.Length; i++) bytes[i] = (byte)Utils.random(256); GL.glTexImage2D(GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL.GL_RGBA, w, h, 0, GL.GL_RGBA, GL.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, bytes); [DllImport(GL_LIBRARY)] public static extern void glTexImage2D(uint what, int level, int internalFormat, int width, int height, int border, int format, int type, byte[] bytes);

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• How to click multiple instances of the same icon on a webpage? (Javascript)

  - by akd

  I want to write a script that will click every instance of a certain icon. The following code is from the source that is what I want to click on. It has a onclick event defined, I just don't know how to search the page for these icons and then click on them. Can anyone help? Thanks. <dd><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="RecommendItem(1,'article','6106925','1','recommendstatus_article6106925' ); return false;" onmouseover="return overlib('Give thumbs up', WRAP);" onmouseout="return nd();">&nbsp;<img class='icon' title='' alt='Thumb up' style='background-position: -304px -48px;' src='http://geekdo-images.com/images/pixel.gif' /></a></dd> <dt class='tippers'><a href="javascript://" style='color: #969600;' onclick="RecSpy( 'article', '6106925', 'tippers' ); return false;"></a></dt>

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• CSS 100% height with padding/margin

  - by Toji

  This has been driving me crazy for a couple of days now, but in reality it's a problem that I've hit off and on for the last few years: With HTML/CSS how can I make an element that has a width and/or height that is 100% of it's parent element and still has proper padding or margins? By "proper" I mean that if my parent element is 200px tall and I specify 100% height with 5px padding I would expect that I should get a 190px high element with 5px "border" on all sides, nicely centered in the parent element. Now, I know that that's not how the standard box model specifies it should work (although I'd like to know why, exactly...), so the obvious answer doesn't work: #myDiv { width: 100% height: 100%; padding: 5px; } But it would seem to me that there must be SOME way of reliably producing this effect for a parent of arbitrary size. Does anyone know of a way of accomplishing this (seemingly simple) task? Oh, and for the record I'm not terribly interested in IE compatibility so that should (hopefully) make things a bit easier. EDIT: Since an example was asked for, here's the simplest one I can think of: <html style="height: 100%"> <body style="height: 100%"> <div style="background-color: black; height: 100%; padding: 25px"></div> </body> </html> The challenge is then to get the black box to show up with a 25 pixel padding on all edges without the page growing big enough to require scrollbars.

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• How to change radius of rounded rectangle in Photoshop

  - by MattDiPasquale

  At this point, I'm thinking of just using CSS 3, esp. since I'm a programmer, but I'd like to do this with Photoshop because I think it's nicer since I'm working with images anyway, among other reasons... Before I move on, my first question is: Is there a place like SuperUser for designers (or for Photoshop-like or questions)? What I Want: I want the icons on http://www.mattdipasquale.com/ to look like those on http://about.me/mattdipasquale. About.me has an outdated Twitter icon and does not have icons for GitHub, StackOverflow, etc. So, although I like the look of their icons, I want to be able to create these icons myself instead of using their versions. What I Have: I have different iphone icons, like the Facebook iPhone icon, Twitter iPhone icon, etc., that I got from iTunes, using Firebug to find the URL of the background image. I opened them up in Photoshop and pressed option + command + i to reduce the image size to 32px x 32px with Bicubic Sharper (best for reduction). I now have a square icon layer. Closing the Gap: In addition to the icon layer, I want to have a clipping-mask layer that will apply the 5px rounded-corners, 1px stroke, and 1px bevel. (Note: I just want to apply effects to the edges of the icon because the gloss and other effects are already encoded in the iTunes image. Also, I'm just guessing about the pixel values, but I want it to look good, like the icons on about.me.) What settings should I use for the blend options to make the icons look good, like iphone icons or those used by about.me? Why a Clipping Mask? The reason I want to use a clipping mask is that I want ease of reproducibility. I want to be able to apply the same styling to other square icon layers by simply replacing the square icon layer and then saving for web. If there is a better way to achieve such ease of reproducibility, please suggest it. I've seen Photoshop iPhone icon templates, but I couldn't figure out how to use them with my own images. Thanks! Matt

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• How to set up dual quadro cards on RHEL 5.5?

  - by Alex J. Roberts

  I have a RHEL 5 workstation with 2 nvidia Quadro FX4500 cards, with one display attached to each card. After doing a clean install of RHEL 5.5, the second display doesnt work (it worked ok in RHEL 5.2). Neither separate X screens nor Xinerama are working. The kernel version is 2.6.18-194.el5 I've tried nvidia drivers 185.18.36 (the ones that i was using on 5.2) and the latest 260.19.36 and neither works. My xorg.conf is as follows: # nvidia-settings: X configuration file generated by nvidia-settings # nvidia-settings: version 1.0 (buildmeister@builder58) Fri Aug 14 18:34:43 PDT 2009 Section "ServerLayout" Identifier "Layout0" Screen 0 "Screen0" 0 0 Screen 1 "Screen1" RightOf "Screen0" InputDevice "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard" InputDevice "Mouse0" "CorePointer" EndSection Section "Files" FontPath "unix/:7100" EndSection Section "ServerFlags" Option "Xinerama" "1" EndSection Section "InputDevice" # generated from default Identifier "Mouse0" Driver "mouse" Option "Protocol" "auto" Option "Device" "/dev/input/mice" Option "Emulate3Buttons" "no" Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5" EndSection Section "InputDevice" # generated from data in "/etc/sysconfig/keyboard" Identifier "Keyboard0" Driver "kbd" Option "XkbLayout" "us" Option "XkbModel" "pc105" EndSection Section "Monitor" # HorizSync source: edid, VertRefresh source: edid Identifier "Monitor0" VendorName "Unknown" ModelName "DELL 3007WFP" HorizSync 49.3 - 98.5 VertRefresh 60.0 Option "DPMS" EndSection Section "Monitor" # HorizSync source: edid, VertRefresh source: edid Identifier "Monitor1" VendorName "Unknown" ModelName "DELL 3007WFP" HorizSync 49.3 - 98.5 VertRefresh 60.0 Option "DPMS" EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "Device0" Driver "nvidia" VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation" BoardName "Quadro FX 4500" BusID "PCI:10:0:0" EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "Device1" Driver "nvidia" VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation" BoardName "Quadro FX 4500" BusID "PCI:129:0:0" EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "Screen0" Device "Device0" Monitor "Monitor0" DefaultDepth 24 Option "TwinView" "0" Option "metamodes" "nvidia-auto-select +0+0" SubSection "Display" Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "Screen1" Device "Device1" Monitor "Monitor1" DefaultDepth 24 Option "TwinView" "0" Option "metamodes" "nvidia-auto-select +0+0" SubSection "Display" Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection And the Xorg Log: X Window System Version 7.1.1 Release Date: 12 May 2006 X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0, Release 7.1.1 Build Operating System: Linux 2.6.18-164.11.1.el5 x86_64 Red Hat, Inc. Current Operating System: Linux blur.svsdsde 2.6.18-194.el5 #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 21:52:39 EDT 2010 x86_64 Build Date: 06 March 2010 Build ID: xorg-x11-server 1.1.1-48.76.el5 Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org to make sure that you have the latest version. Module Loader present Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting, (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational, (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown. (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Fri Feb 18 09:52:08 2011 (==) Using config file: "/etc/X11/xorg.conf" (==) ServerLayout "Layout0" (**) |-->Screen "Screen0" (0) (**) | |-->Monitor "Monitor0" (**) | |-->Device "Device0" (**) |-->Screen "Screen1" (1) (**) | |-->Monitor "Monitor1" (**) | |-->Device "Device1" (**) |-->Input Device "Keyboard0" (**) |-->Input Device "Mouse0" (**) FontPath set to: unix/:7100 (==) RgbPath set to "/usr/share/X11/rgb" (==) ModulePath set to "/usr/lib64/xorg/modules" (**) Option "Xinerama" "1" (**) Xinerama: enabled (==) Max clients allowed: 512, resource mask: 0xfffff (II) Open ACPI successful (/var/run/acpid.socket) (II) Module ABI versions: X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.3 X.Org Video Driver: 1.0 X.Org XInput driver : 0.6 X.Org Server Extension : 0.3 X.Org Font Renderer : 0.5 (II) Loader running on linux (II) LoadModule: "bitmap" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/fonts/libbitmap.so (II) Module bitmap: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.0.0 Module class: X.Org Font Renderer ABI class: X.Org Font Renderer, version 0.5 (II) Loading font Bitmap (II) LoadModule: "pcidata" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/libpcidata.so (II) Module pcidata: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.0.0 ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 1.0 (++) using VT number 7 (II) PCI: PCI scan (all values are in hex) (II) PCI: 00:00:0: chip 10de,005e card 103c,1500 rev a3 class 05,80,00 hdr 00 (II) PCI: 00:01:0: chip 10de,0051 card 103c,1500 rev a3 class 06,01,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:01:1: chip 10de,0052 card 103c,1500 rev a2 class 0c,05,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:02:0: chip 10de,005a card 103c,1500 rev a2 class 0c,03,10 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:02:1: chip 10de,005b card 103c,1500 rev a3 class 0c,03,20 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:04:0: chip 10de,0059 card 103c,1500 rev a2 class 04,01,00 hdr 00 (II) PCI: 00:06:0: chip 10de,0053 card 103c,1500 rev f2 class 01,01,8a hdr 00 (II) PCI: 00:07:0: chip 10de,0054 card 103c,1500 rev f3 class 01,01,85 hdr 00 (II) PCI: 00:08:0: chip 10de,0055 card 103c,1500 rev f3 class 01,01,85 hdr 00 (II) PCI: 00:09:0: chip 10de,005c card 0000,0000 rev a2 class 06,04,01 hdr 01 (II) PCI: 00:0a:0: chip 10de,0057 card 103c,1500 rev a3 class 06,80,00 hdr 00 (II) PCI: 00:0e:0: chip 10de,005d card 0000,0000 rev a3 class 06,04,00 hdr 01 (II) PCI: 00:18:0: chip 1022,1100 card 0000,0000 rev 00 class 06,00,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:18:1: chip 1022,1101 card 0000,0000 rev 00 class 06,00,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:18:2: chip 1022,1102 card 0000,0000 rev 00 class 06,00,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:18:3: chip 1022,1103 card 0000,0000 rev 00 class 06,00,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:19:0: chip 1022,1100 card 0000,0000 rev 00 class 06,00,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:19:1: chip 1022,1101 card 0000,0000 rev 00 class 06,00,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:19:2: chip 1022,1102 card 0000,0000 rev 00 class 06,00,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 00:19:3: chip 1022,1103 card 0000,0000 rev 00 class 06,00,00 hdr 80 (II) PCI: 05:05:0: chip 104c,8023 card 103c,1500 rev 00 class 0c,00,10 hdr 00 (II) PCI: 0a:00:0: chip 10de,009d card 10de,02af rev a1 class 03,00,00 hdr 00 (II) PCI: End of PCI scan (II) PCI-to-ISA bridge: (II) Bus -1: bridge is at (0:1:0), (0,-1,-1), BCTRL: 0x0008 (VGA_EN is set) (II) Subtractive PCI-to-PCI bridge: (II) Bus 5: bridge is at (0:9:0), (0,5,5), BCTRL: 0x0206 (VGA_EN is cleared) (II) Bus 5 non-prefetchable memory range: [0] -1 0 0xf5000000 - 0xf50fffff (0x100000) MX[B] (II) PCI-to-PCI bridge: (II) Bus 10: bridge is at (0:14:0), (0,10,10), BCTRL: 0x000a (VGA_EN is set) (II) Bus 10 I/O range: [0] -1 0 0x00003000 - 0x00003fff (0x1000) IX[B] (II) Bus 10 non-prefetchable memory range: [0] -1 0 0xf3000000 - 0xf4ffffff (0x2000000) MX[B] (II) Bus 10 prefetchable memory range: [0] -1 0 0xc0000000 - 0xcfffffff (0x10000000) MX[B] (II) Host-to-PCI bridge: (II) Bus 0: bridge is at (0:24:0), (0,0,10), BCTRL: 0x0008 (VGA_EN is set) (II) Bus 0 I/O range: [0] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x0000ffff (0x10000) IX[B] (II) Bus 0 non-prefetchable memory range: [0] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0xffffffff (0x100000000) MX[B] (II) Bus 0 prefetchable memory range: [0] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0xffffffff (0x100000000) MX[B] (--) PCI:*(10:0:0) nVidia Corporation Quadro FX 4500 rev 161, Mem @ 0xf3000000/24, 0xc0000000/28, 0xf4000000/24, I/O @ 0x3000/7 (II) Addressable bus resource ranges are [0] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0xffffffff (0x100000000) MX[B] [1] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x0000ffff (0x10000) IX[B] (II) OS-reported resource ranges: [0] -1 0 0x00100000 - 0x3fffffff (0x3ff00000) MX[B]E(B) [1] -1 0 0x000f0000 - 0x000fffff (0x10000) MX[B] [2] -1 0 0x000c0000 - 0x000effff (0x30000) MX[B] [3] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x0009ffff (0xa0000) MX[B] [4] -1 0 0x0000ffff - 0x0000ffff (0x1) IX[B] [5] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x000000ff (0x100) IX[B] (II) Active PCI resource ranges: [0] -1 0 0xf5000000 - 0xf5003fff (0x4000) MX[B] [1] -1 0 0xf5004000 - 0xf50047ff (0x800) MX[B] [...snipped... post too long] [28] -1 0 0x0000fb00 - 0x0000fbff (0x100) IX[B] [29] -1 0 0x00003000 - 0x0000307f (0x80) IX[B](B) (II) Active PCI resource ranges after removing overlaps: [0] -1 0 0xf5000000 - 0xf5003fff (0x4000) MX[B] [1] -1 0 0xf5004000 - 0xf50047ff (0x800) MX[B] [...snipped... post too long] [28] -1 0 0x0000fb00 - 0x0000fbff (0x100) IX[B] [29] -1 0 0x00003000 - 0x0000307f (0x80) IX[B](B) (II) OS-reported resource ranges after removing overlaps with PCI: [0] -1 0 0x00100000 - 0x3fffffff (0x3ff00000) MX[B]E(B) [1] -1 0 0x000f0000 - 0x000fffff (0x10000) MX[B] [2] -1 0 0x000c0000 - 0x000effff (0x30000) MX[B] [3] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x0009ffff (0xa0000) MX[B] [4] -1 0 0x0000ffff - 0x0000ffff (0x1) IX[B] [5] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x000000ff (0x100) IX[B] (II) All system resource ranges: [0] -1 0 0x00100000 - 0x3fffffff (0x3ff00000) MX[B]E(B) [1] -1 0 0x000f0000 - 0x000fffff (0x10000) MX[B] [2] -1 0 0x000c0000 - 0x000effff (0x30000) MX[B] [3] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x0009ffff (0xa0000) MX[B] [4] -1 0 0xf5000000 - 0xf5003fff (0x4000) MX[B] [5] -1 0 0xf5004000 - 0xf50047ff (0x800) MX[B] [6] -1 0 0xf5104000 - 0xf5104fff (0x1000) MX[B] [7] -1 0 0xf5103000 - 0xf5103fff (0x1000) MX[B] [8] -1 0 0xf5102000 - 0xf5102fff (0x1000) MX[B] [9] -1 0 0xf5101000 - 0xf5101fff (0x1000) MX[B] [10] -1 0 0xfebf0000 - 0xfebf00ff (0x100) MX[B] [11] -1 0 0xf5100000 - 0xf5100fff (0x1000) MX[B] [12] -1 0 0xf4000000 - 0xf4ffffff (0x1000000) MX[B](B) [13] -1 0 0xc0000000 - 0xcfffffff (0x10000000) MX[B](B) [14] -1 0 0xf3000000 - 0xf3ffffff (0x1000000) MX[B](B) [15] -1 0 0x0000ffff - 0x0000ffff (0x1) IX[B] [16] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x000000ff (0x100) IX[B] [17] -1 0 0x000048f0 - 0x000048f7 (0x8) IX[B] [18] -1 0 0x000048c0 - 0x000048cf (0x10) IX[B] [19] -1 0 0x00004c04 - 0x00004c07 (0x4) IX[B] [20] -1 0 0x000048e8 - 0x000048ef (0x8) IX[B] [21] -1 0 0x00004c00 - 0x00004c03 (0x4) IX[B] [22] -1 0 0x000048e0 - 0x000048e7 (0x8) IX[B] [23] -1 0 0x000048b0 - 0x000048bf (0x10) IX[B] [24] -1 0 0x000048fc - 0x000048ff (0x4) IX[B] [25] -1 0 0x000048d8 - 0x000048df (0x8) IX[B] [26] -1 0 0x000048f8 - 0x000048fb (0x4) IX[B] [27] -1 0 0x000048d0 - 0x000048d7 (0x8) IX[B] [28] -1 0 0x000048a0 - 0x000048af (0x10) IX[B] [29] -1 0 0x00004400 - 0x000044ff (0x100) IX[B] [30] -1 0 0x00004000 - 0x000040ff (0x100) IX[B] [31] -1 0 0x00004840 - 0x0000487f (0x40) IX[B] [32] -1 0 0x00004800 - 0x0000483f (0x40) IX[B] [33] -1 0 0x00004880 - 0x0000489f (0x20) IX[B] [34] -1 0 0x0000fb00 - 0x0000fbff (0x100) IX[B] [35] -1 0 0x00003000 - 0x0000307f (0x80) IX[B](B) (II) LoadModule: "extmod" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/extensions/libextmod.so (II) Module extmod: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.0.0 Module class: X.Org Server Extension ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 0.3 (II) Loading extension SHAPE (II) Loading extension MIT-SUNDRY-NONSTANDARD (II) Loading extension BIG-REQUESTS (II) Loading extension SYNC (II) Loading extension MIT-SCREEN-SAVER (II) Loading extension XC-MISC (II) Loading extension XFree86-VidModeExtension (II) Loading extension XFree86-Misc (II) Loading extension XFree86-DGA (II) Loading extension DPMS (II) Loading extension TOG-CUP (II) Loading extension Extended-Visual-Information (II) Loading extension XVideo (II) Loading extension XVideo-MotionCompensation (II) Loading extension X-Resource (II) LoadModule: "dbe" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/extensions/libdbe.so (II) Module dbe: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.0.0 Module class: X.Org Server Extension ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 0.3 (II) Loading extension DOUBLE-BUFFER (II) LoadModule: "glx" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so (II) Module glx: vendor="NVIDIA Corporation" compiled for 4.0.2, module version = 1.0.0 Module class: X.Org Server Extension (II) NVIDIA GLX Module 185.18.36 Fri Aug 14 18:27:24 PDT 2009 (II) Loading extension GLX (II) LoadModule: "freetype" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/fonts/libfreetype.so (II) Module freetype: vendor="X.Org Foundation & the After X-TT Project" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 2.1.0 Module class: X.Org Font Renderer ABI class: X.Org Font Renderer, version 0.5 (II) Loading font FreeType (II) LoadModule: "type1" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/fonts/libtype1.so (II) Module type1: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.0.2 Module class: X.Org Font Renderer ABI class: X.Org Font Renderer, version 0.5 (II) Loading font Type1 (II) LoadModule: "record" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/extensions/librecord.so (II) Module record: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.13.0 Module class: X.Org Server Extension ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 0.3 (II) Loading extension RECORD (II) LoadModule: "dri" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/extensions/libdri.so (II) Module dri: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.0.0 ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 0.3 (II) Loading sub module "drm" (II) LoadModule: "drm" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/linux/libdrm.so (II) Module drm: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.0.0 ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 0.3 (II) Loading extension XFree86-DRI (II) LoadModule: "nvidia" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/drivers/nvidia_drv.so (II) Module nvidia: vendor="NVIDIA Corporation" compiled for 4.0.2, module version = 1.0.0 Module class: X.Org Video Driver (II) LoadModule: "kbd" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/input/kbd_drv.so (II) Module kbd: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.1.0 Module class: X.Org XInput Driver ABI class: X.Org XInput driver, version 0.6 (II) LoadModule: "mouse" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/input/mouse_drv.so (II) Module mouse: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.1.1 Module class: X.Org XInput Driver ABI class: X.Org XInput driver, version 0.6 (II) NVIDIA dlloader X Driver 185.18.36 Fri Aug 14 17:51:02 PDT 2009 (II) NVIDIA Unified Driver for all Supported NVIDIA GPUs (II) Primary Device is: PCI 0a:00:0 (--) Chipset NVIDIA GPU found (II) Loading sub module "fb" (II) LoadModule: "fb" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/libfb.so (II) Module fb: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 1.0.0 ABI class: X.Org ANSI C Emulation, version 0.3 (II) Loading sub module "wfb" (II) LoadModule: "wfb" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/libwfb.so (II) Module wfb: vendor="NVIDIA Corporation" compiled for 7.1.99.2, module version = 1.0.0 (II) Loading sub module "ramdac" (II) LoadModule: "ramdac" (II) Loading /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/libramdac.so (II) Module ramdac: vendor="X.Org Foundation" compiled for 7.1.1, module version = 0.1.0 ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 1.0 (II) resource ranges after xf86ClaimFixedResources() call: [0] -1 0 0x00100000 - 0x3fffffff (0x3ff00000) MX[B]E(B) [1] -1 0 0x000f0000 - 0x000fffff (0x10000) MX[B] [2] -1 0 0x000c0000 - 0x000effff (0x30000) MX[B] [3] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x0009ffff (0xa0000) MX[B] [4] -1 0 0xf5000000 - 0xf5003fff (0x4000) MX[B] [5] -1 0 0xf5004000 - 0xf50047ff (0x800) MX[B] [6] -1 0 0xf5104000 - 0xf5104fff (0x1000) MX[B] [7] -1 0 0xf5103000 - 0xf5103fff (0x1000) MX[B] [8] -1 0 0xf5102000 - 0xf5102fff (0x1000) MX[B] [9] -1 0 0xf5101000 - 0xf5101fff (0x1000) MX[B] [10] -1 0 0xfebf0000 - 0xfebf00ff (0x100) MX[B] [11] -1 0 0xf5100000 - 0xf5100fff (0x1000) MX[B] [12] -1 0 0xf4000000 - 0xf4ffffff (0x1000000) MX[B](B) [13] -1 0 0xc0000000 - 0xcfffffff (0x10000000) MX[B](B) [14] -1 0 0xf3000000 - 0xf3ffffff (0x1000000) MX[B](B) [15] -1 0 0x0000ffff - 0x0000ffff (0x1) IX[B] [16] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x000000ff (0x100) IX[B] [17] -1 0 0x000048f0 - 0x000048f7 (0x8) IX[B] [18] -1 0 0x000048c0 - 0x000048cf (0x10) IX[B] [19] -1 0 0x00004c04 - 0x00004c07 (0x4) IX[B] [20] -1 0 0x000048e8 - 0x000048ef (0x8) IX[B] [21] -1 0 0x00004c00 - 0x00004c03 (0x4) IX[B] [22] -1 0 0x000048e0 - 0x000048e7 (0x8) IX[B] [23] -1 0 0x000048b0 - 0x000048bf (0x10) IX[B] [24] -1 0 0x000048fc - 0x000048ff (0x4) IX[B] [25] -1 0 0x000048d8 - 0x000048df (0x8) IX[B] [26] -1 0 0x000048f8 - 0x000048fb (0x4) IX[B] [27] -1 0 0x000048d0 - 0x000048d7 (0x8) IX[B] [28] -1 0 0x000048a0 - 0x000048af (0x10) IX[B] [29] -1 0 0x00004400 - 0x000044ff (0x100) IX[B] [30] -1 0 0x00004000 - 0x000040ff (0x100) IX[B] [31] -1 0 0x00004840 - 0x0000487f (0x40) IX[B] [32] -1 0 0x00004800 - 0x0000483f (0x40) IX[B] [33] -1 0 0x00004880 - 0x0000489f (0x20) IX[B] [34] -1 0 0x0000fb00 - 0x0000fbff (0x100) IX[B] [35] -1 0 0x00003000 - 0x0000307f (0x80) IX[B](B) (II) resource ranges after probing: [0] -1 0 0x00100000 - 0x3fffffff (0x3ff00000) MX[B]E(B) [1] -1 0 0x000f0000 - 0x000fffff (0x10000) MX[B] [2] -1 0 0x000c0000 - 0x000effff (0x30000) MX[B] [3] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x0009ffff (0xa0000) MX[B] [4] -1 0 0xf5000000 - 0xf5003fff (0x4000) MX[B] [5] -1 0 0xf5004000 - 0xf50047ff (0x800) MX[B] [6] -1 0 0xf5104000 - 0xf5104fff (0x1000) MX[B] [7] -1 0 0xf5103000 - 0xf5103fff (0x1000) MX[B] [8] -1 0 0xf5102000 - 0xf5102fff (0x1000) MX[B] [9] -1 0 0xf5101000 - 0xf5101fff (0x1000) MX[B] [10] -1 0 0xfebf0000 - 0xfebf00ff (0x100) MX[B] [11] -1 0 0xf5100000 - 0xf5100fff (0x1000) MX[B] [12] -1 0 0xf4000000 - 0xf4ffffff (0x1000000) MX[B](B) [13] -1 0 0xc0000000 - 0xcfffffff (0x10000000) MX[B](B) [14] -1 0 0xf3000000 - 0xf3ffffff (0x1000000) MX[B](B) [15] 0 0 0x000a0000 - 0x000affff (0x10000) MS[B] [16] 0 0 0x000b0000 - 0x000b7fff (0x8000) MS[B] [17] 0 0 0x000b8000 - 0x000bffff (0x8000) MS[B] [18] -1 0 0x0000ffff - 0x0000ffff (0x1) IX[B] [19] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x000000ff (0x100) IX[B] [20] -1 0 0x000048f0 - 0x000048f7 (0x8) IX[B] [21] -1 0 0x000048c0 - 0x000048cf (0x10) IX[B] [22] -1 0 0x00004c04 - 0x00004c07 (0x4) IX[B] [23] -1 0 0x000048e8 - 0x000048ef (0x8) IX[B] [24] -1 0 0x00004c00 - 0x00004c03 (0x4) IX[B] [25] -1 0 0x000048e0 - 0x000048e7 (0x8) IX[B] [26] -1 0 0x000048b0 - 0x000048bf (0x10) IX[B] [27] -1 0 0x000048fc - 0x000048ff (0x4) IX[B] [28] -1 0 0x000048d8 - 0x000048df (0x8) IX[B] [29] -1 0 0x000048f8 - 0x000048fb (0x4) IX[B] [30] -1 0 0x000048d0 - 0x000048d7 (0x8) IX[B] [31] -1 0 0x000048a0 - 0x000048af (0x10) IX[B] [32] -1 0 0x00004400 - 0x000044ff (0x100) IX[B] [33] -1 0 0x00004000 - 0x000040ff (0x100) IX[B] [34] -1 0 0x00004840 - 0x0000487f (0x40) IX[B] [35] -1 0 0x00004800 - 0x0000483f (0x40) IX[B] [36] -1 0 0x00004880 - 0x0000489f (0x20) IX[B] [37] -1 0 0x0000fb00 - 0x0000fbff (0x100) IX[B] [38] -1 0 0x00003000 - 0x0000307f (0x80) IX[B](B) [39] 0 0 0x000003b0 - 0x000003bb (0xc) IS[B] [40] 0 0 0x000003c0 - 0x000003df (0x20) IS[B] (II) Setting vga for screen 0. (**) NVIDIA(0): Depth 24, (--) framebuffer bpp 32 (==) NVIDIA(0): RGB weight 888 (==) NVIDIA(0): Default visual is TrueColor (==) NVIDIA(0): Using gamma correction (1.0, 1.0, 1.0) (**) NVIDIA(0): Option "TwinView" "0" (**) NVIDIA(0): Option "MetaModes" "nvidia-auto-select +0+0" (**) NVIDIA(0): Enabling RENDER acceleration (II) NVIDIA(0): Support for GLX with the Damage and Composite X extensions is (II) NVIDIA(0): enabled. (II) NVIDIA(0): NVIDIA GPU Quadro FX 4500 (G70GL) at PCI:10:0:0 (GPU-0) (--) NVIDIA(0): Memory: 524288 kBytes (--) NVIDIA(0): VideoBIOS: 05.70.02.41.01 (II) NVIDIA(0): Detected PCI Express Link width: 16X (--) NVIDIA(0): Interlaced video modes are supported on this GPU (--) NVIDIA(0): Connected display device(s) on Quadro FX 4500 at PCI:10:0:0: (--) NVIDIA(0): DELL 3007WFP (DFP-0) (--) NVIDIA(0): DELL 3007WFP (DFP-0): 310.0 MHz maximum pixel clock (--) NVIDIA(0): DELL 3007WFP (DFP-0): Internal Dual Link TMDS (II) NVIDIA(0): Assigned Display Device: DFP-0 (II) NVIDIA(0): Validated modes: (II) NVIDIA(0): "nvidia-auto-select+0+0" (II) NVIDIA(0): Virtual screen size determined to be 2560 x 1600 (--) NVIDIA(0): DPI set to (101, 101); computed from "UseEdidDpi" X config (--) NVIDIA(0): option (WW) NVIDIA(0): UBB is incompatible with the Composite extension. Disabling (WW) NVIDIA(0): UBB. (==) NVIDIA(0): Disabling 32-bit ARGB GLX visuals. (--) Depth 24 pixmap format is 32 bpp (II) do I need RAC? No, I don't. (II) resource ranges after preInit: [0] -1 0 0x00100000 - 0x3fffffff (0x3ff00000) MX[B]E(B) [1] -1 0 0x000f0000 - 0x000fffff (0x10000) MX[B] [2] -1 0 0x000c0000 - 0x000effff (0x30000) MX[B] [3] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x0009ffff (0xa0000) MX[B] [4] -1 0 0xf5000000 - 0xf5003fff (0x4000) MX[B] [5] -1 0 0xf5004000 - 0xf50047ff (0x800) MX[B] [6] -1 0 0xf5104000 - 0xf5104fff (0x1000) MX[B] [7] -1 0 0xf5103000 - 0xf5103fff (0x1000) MX[B] [8] -1 0 0xf5102000 - 0xf5102fff (0x1000) MX[B] [9] -1 0 0xf5101000 - 0xf5101fff (0x1000) MX[B] [10] -1 0 0xfebf0000 - 0xfebf00ff (0x100) MX[B] [11] -1 0 0xf5100000 - 0xf5100fff (0x1000) MX[B] [12] -1 0 0xf4000000 - 0xf4ffffff (0x1000000) MX[B](B) [13] -1 0 0xc0000000 - 0xcfffffff (0x10000000) MX[B](B) [14] -1 0 0xf3000000 - 0xf3ffffff (0x1000000) MX[B](B) [15] 0 0 0x000a0000 - 0x000affff (0x10000) MS[B] [16] 0 0 0x000b0000 - 0x000b7fff (0x8000) MS[B] [17] 0 0 0x000b8000 - 0x000bffff (0x8000) MS[B] [18] -1 0 0x0000ffff - 0x0000ffff (0x1) IX[B] [19] -1 0 0x00000000 - 0x000000ff (0x100) IX[B] [20] -1 0 0x000048f0 - 0x000048f7 (0x8) IX[B] [21] -1 0 0x000048c0 - 0x000048cf (0x10) IX[B] [22] -1 0 0x00004c04 - 0x00004c07 (0x4) IX[B] [23] -1 0 0x000048e8 - 0x000048ef (0x8) IX[B] [24] -1 0 0x00004c00 - 0x00004c03 (0x4) IX[B] [25] -1 0 0x000048e0 - 0x000048e7 (0x8) IX[B] [26] -1 0 0x000048b0 - 0x000048bf (0x10) IX[B] [27] -1 0 0x000048fc - 0x000048ff (0x4) IX[B] [28] -1 0 0x000048d8 - 0x000048df (0x8) IX[B] [29] -1 0 0x000048f8 - 0x000048fb (0x4) IX[B] [30] -1 0 0x000048d0 - 0x000048d7 (0x8) IX[B] [31] -1 0 0x000048a0 - 0x000048af (0x10) IX[B] [32] -1 0 0x00004400 - 0x000044ff (0x100) IX[B] [33] -1 0 0x00004000 - 0x000040ff (0x100) IX[B] [34] -1 0 0x00004840 - 0x0000487f (0x40) IX[B] [35] -1 0 0x00004800 - 0x0000483f (0x40) IX[B] [36] -1 0 0x00004880 - 0x0000489f (0x20) IX[B] [37] -1 0 0x0000fb00 - 0x0000fbff (0x100) IX[B] [38] -1 0 0x00003000 - 0x0000307f (0x80) IX[B](B) [39] 0 0 0x000003b0 - 0x000003bb (0xc) IS[B] [40] 0 0 0x000003c0 - 0x000003df (0x20) IS[B] (II) NVIDIA(GPU-1): NVIDIA GPU Quadro FX 4500 (G70GL) at PCI:129:0:0 (GPU-1) (--) NVIDIA(GPU-1): Memory: 524288 kBytes (--) NVIDIA(GPU-1): VideoBIOS: 05.70.02.41.01 (II) NVIDIA(GPU-1): Detected PCI Express Link width: 16X (--) NVIDIA(GPU-1): Interlaced video modes are supported on this GPU (--) NVIDIA(GPU-1): Connected display device(s) on Quadro FX 4500 at PCI:129:0:0: (--) NVIDIA(GPU-1): DELL 3007WFP (DFP-0) (--) NVIDIA(GPU-1): DELL 3007WFP (DFP-0): 310.0 MHz maximum pixel clock (--) NVIDIA(GPU-1): DELL 3007WFP (DFP-0): Internal Dual Link TMDS (II) NVIDIA(0): Initialized GPU GART. (II) NVIDIA(0): Setting mode "nvidia-auto-select+0+0" (II) Loading extension NV-GLX (II) NVIDIA(0): NVIDIA 3D Acceleration Architecture Initialized (==) NVIDIA(0): Disabling shared memory pixmaps (II) NVIDIA(0): Using the NVIDIA 2D acceleration architecture (==) NVIDIA(0): Backing store disabled (==) NVIDIA(0): Silken mouse enabled (**) Option "dpms" (**) NVIDIA(0): DPMS enabled (II) Loading extension NV-CONTROL (==) RandR enabled (II) Setting vga for screen 0. (II) Initializing built-in extension MIT-SHM (II) Initializing built-in extension XInputExtension (II) Initializing built-in extension XTEST (II) Initializing built-in extension XKEYBOARD (II) Initializing built-in extension XC-APPGROUP (II) Initializing built-in extension SECURITY (II) Initializing built-in extension XINERAMA (II) Initializing built-in extension XFIXES (II) Initializing built-in extension XFree86-Bigfont (II) Initializing built-in extension RENDER (II) Initializing built-in extension RANDR (II) Initializing built-in extension COMPOSITE (II) Initializing built-in extension DAMAGE (II) Initializing built-in extension XEVIE (II) Initializing extension GLX (WW) Disabling Composite since Xinerama is enabled (**) Option "CoreKeyboard" (**) Keyboard0: Core Keyboard (**) Option "Protocol" "standard" (**) Keyboard0: Protocol: standard (**) Option "AutoRepeat" "500 30" (**) Option "XkbRules" "xorg" (**) Keyboard0: XkbRules: "xorg" (**) Option "XkbModel" "pc105" (**) Keyboard0: XkbModel: "pc105" (**) Option "XkbLayout" "us" (**) Keyboard0: XkbLayout: "us" (**) Option "CustomKeycodes" "off" (**) Keyboard0: CustomKeycodes disabled (**) Option "Protocol" "auto" (**) Mouse0: Device: "/dev/input/mice" (**) Mouse0: Protocol: "auto" (**) Option "CorePointer" (**) Mouse0: Core Pointer (**) Option "Device" "/dev/input/mice" (**) Option "Emulate3Buttons" "no" (**) Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5" (**) Mouse0: ZAxisMapping: buttons 4 and 5 (**) Mouse0: Buttons: 9 (II) XINPUT: Adding extended input device "Mouse0" (type: MOUSE) (II) XINPUT: Adding extended input device "Keyboard0" (type: KEYBOARD) (--) Mouse0: PnP-detected protocol: "ExplorerPS/2" (II) Mouse0: ps2EnableDataReporting: succeeded (II) Open ACPI successful (/var/run/acpid.socket) (II) NVIDIA(0): Setting mode "nvidia-auto-select+0+0" (II) Mouse0: ps2EnableDataReporting: succeeded (the snipped part can be changed if necessary) Any help at all would be appreciated. Cheers, Alex

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• Encoding multiple video streams with a single avconv invocation

  - by automatthias

  I played with avconv on Ubuntu and I'm now able to e.g. record the desktop with sound from a soundcard. One thing I wanted to do was recording two video inputs at the same time, for instance the desktop and from the webcam. I thought about doing something like this: avconv \ -f alsa \ -i default \ -acodec flac \ -f video4linux2 \ -r 6 \ -i /dev/video0 \ -f x11grab \ -i :0.0 \ out.mkv My thinking was that if you define multiple video inputs, and the .mkv format can handle multiple video streams, avconv will encode 2 video streams and 1 audio stream into one file. But this isn't what happens: avconv version 0.8.4-6:0.8.4-0ubuntu0.12.10.1, Copyright (c) 2000-2012 the Libav developers built on Nov 6 2012 16:51:11 with gcc 4.7.2 [alsa @ 0x1091bc0] capture with some ALSA plugins, especially dsnoop, may hang. [alsa @ 0x1091bc0] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate Input #0, alsa, from 'default': Duration: N/A, start: 1354364317.020350, bitrate: N/A Stream #0.0: Audio: pcm_s16le, 48000 Hz, 2 channels, s16, 1536 kb/s [video4linux2 @ 0x10923e0] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate Input #1, video4linux2, from '/dev/video0': Duration: N/A, start: 100607.724745, bitrate: 29491 kb/s Stream #1.0: Video: rawvideo, yuyv422, 640x480, 29491 kb/s, 6 tbr, 1000k tbn, 6 tbc [x11grab @ 0x107b2a0] device: :0.0+83,87 -> display: :0.0 x: 83 y: 87 width: 854 height: 480 [x11grab @ 0x107b2a0] shared memory extension found [x11grab @ 0x107b2a0] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate Input #2, x11grab, from ':0.0+83,87': Duration: N/A, start: 1354364318.488382, bitrate: 196761 kb/s Stream #2.0: Video: rawvideo, bgra, 854x480, 196761 kb/s, 15 tbr, 1000k tbn, 15 tbc Incompatible pixel format 'bgra' for codec 'mpeg4', auto-selecting format 'yuv420p' [buffer @ 0x107fcc0] w:854 h:480 pixfmt:bgra [avsink @ 0x10bdf00] auto-inserting filter 'auto-inserted scaler 0' between the filter 'src' and the filter 'out' [scale @ 0x10dc680] w:854 h:480 fmt:bgra -> w:854 h:480 fmt:yuv420p flags:0x4 Output #0, matroska, to '.../out.mkv': Metadata: encoder : Lavf53.21.0 Stream #0.0: Video: mpeg4, yuv420p, 854x480, q=2-31, 4000 kb/s, 1k tbn, 15 tbc Stream #0.1: Audio: libvorbis, 48000 Hz, 2 channels, s16 Stream mapping: Stream #2:0 -> #0:0 (rawvideo -> mpeg4) Stream #0:0 -> #0:1 (pcm_s16le -> libvorbis) Press ctrl-c to stop encoding [mpeg4 @ 0x10bd800] rc buffer underflow ^Cframe= 160 fps= 15 q=2.0 Lsize= 3414kB time=10.66 bitrate=2623.0kbits/s video:3273kB audio:131kB global headers:4kB muxing overhead 0.165600% Received signal 2: terminating. I'm not sure if it's the question of mapping (some -map options to add?) or that avconv just can't encode more than 1 video stream at one time. So is it an actual avconv limitation, or a limitation of the available containers, or me simply not finding the right combination of command line options?

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• Computer suddenly dies; screen displays weird flickering lines, then restarts

  - by Imray

  I've been having this terrible problem for a little while and just managed to get a picture of 'dead screen' for the first time and I am posting it to seek help. Randomly, at irregular intervals (typically once a week), while working on something (it's been different things every time) my computer will just suddenly go dead - the screen turns to exactly the picture below (the lines flicker a little bit), it hangs there for a few seconds and then restarts. Obviously this is extremely frustrating and I want to try to stop it. I've searched numerous postings with similar keywords but nothing exactly the same as mine. Does anyone have any idea what might be the cause of this? I would post all my system settings and installed programs but the list is long and I don't know how much relevance each item would be. If you'd like to know something specific, please comment and I'll let you know whatever you need. SPECS C:\Users\Imray>systeminfo Host Name: Imray OS Name: Microsoft Windows 7 Professional OS Version: 6.1.7600 N/A Build 7600 OS Manufacturer: Microsoft Corporation OS Configuration: Standalone Workstation OS Build Type: Multiprocessor Free Registered Owner: Imray - Owner Registered Organization: Product ID: 00371-152-9333854-85895 Original Install Date: 06/09/1999, 5:45:21 PM System Boot Time: 22/03/2013, 8:58:18 AM System Manufacturer: Gateway System Model: DX4840 System Type: x64-based PC Processor(s): 1 Processor(s) Installed. [01]: Intel64 Family 6 Model 37 Stepping 2 GenuineIntel ~3201 Mhz BIOS Version: American Megatrends Inc. P01-A3 , 17/05/2010 Windows Directory: C:\Windows System Directory: C:\Windows\system32 Boot Device: \Device\HarddiskVolume2 System Locale: en-us;English (United States) Input Locale: en-us;English (United States) Time Zone: (UTC-05:00) Eastern Time (US & Canada) Total Physical Memory: 6,135 MB Available Physical Memory: 3,632 MB Virtual Memory: Max Size: 12,268 MB Virtual Memory: Available: 8,114 MB Virtual Memory: In Use: 4,154 MB Page File Location(s): C:\pagefile.sys Domain: WORKGROUP Logon Server: \\Imray-OWNER Hotfix(s): 4 Hotfix(s) Installed. [01]: KB971033 [02]: KB958559 [03]: KB977206 [04]: KB981889 Network Card(s): 2 NIC(s) Installed. [01]: 802.11n Wireless PCI Express Card LAN Adapter Connection Name: Wireless Network Connection DHCP Enabled: Yes DHCP Server: 192.168.2.1 IP address(es) [01]: 192.168.2.13 [02]: fe80::1df1:5399:6890:91f6 [02]: Microsoft Virtual WiFi Miniport Adapter Connection Name: Wireless Network Connection 2 DHCP Enabled: Yes DHCP Server: N/A IP address(es) Graphics Card Specs Name ATI Radeon HD 5570 PNP Device ID PCI\VEN_1002&DEV_68D9&SUBSYS_E142174B&REV_00\4&18A4B35E&0&0008 Adapter Type ATI display adapter (0x68D9), ATI Technologies Inc. compatible Adapter Description ATI Radeon HD 5570 Adapter RAM 1.00 GB (1,073,741,824 bytes) Installed Drivers atiu9p64 aticfx64 aticfx64 atiu9pag aticfx32 aticfx32 atiumd64 atidxx64 atidxx64 atiumdag atidxx32 atidxx32 atiumdva atiumd6a atitmm64 Driver Version 8.700.0.0 INF File oem1.inf (ati2mtag_Evergreen section) Color Planes Not Available Color Table Entries 4294967296 Resolution 1920 x 1080 x 59 hertz Bits/Pixel 32 Memory Address 0xD0000000-0xDFFFFFFF Memory Address 0xFBDE0000-0xFBDFFFFF I/O Port 0x0000D000-0x0000DFFF IRQ Channel IRQ 4294967293 I/O Port 0x000003B0-0x000003BB I/O Port 0x000003C0-0x000003DF Memory Address 0xA0000-0xBFFFF Driver c:\windows\system32\drivers\atikmpag.sys (8.14.1.6095, 181.00 KB (185,344 bytes), 06/09/1999 5:59 PM)

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• Apache VirtualHost Blockhole (Eats All Requests on All Ports on an IP)

  - by Synetech inc.

  I’m exhausted. I just spent the last two hours chasing a goose that I have been after on-and-off for the past year. Here is the goal, put as succinctly as possible. Step 1: HOSTS File: 127.0.0.5 NastyAdServer.com 127.0.0.5 xssServer.com 127.0.0.5 SQLInjector.com 127.0.0.5 PornAds.com 127.0.0.5 OtherBadSites.com … Step 2: Apache httpd.conf <VirtualHost 127.0.0.5:80> ServerName adkiller DocumentRoot adkiller RewriteEngine On RewriteRule (\.(gif|jpg|png|jpeg)$) /p.png [L] RewriteRule (.*) /ad.htm [L] </VirtualHost> So basically what happens is that the HOSTS file redirects designated domains to the localhost, but to a specific loopback IP address. Apache listens for any requests on this address and serves either a transparent pixel graphic, or else an empty HTML file. Thus, any page or graphic on any of the bad sites is replaced with nothing (in other words an ad/malware/porn/etc. blocker). This works great as is (and has been for me for years now). The problem is that these bad things are no longer limited to just HTTP traffic. For example: <script src="http://NastyAdServer.com:99"> or <iframe src="https://PornAds.com/ad.html"> or a Trojan using ftp://spammaster.com/[email protected];[email protected];[email protected] or an app “phoning home” with private info in a crafted ICMP packet by pinging CardStealer.ru:99 Handling HTTPS is a relatively minor bump. I can create a separate VirtualHost just like the one above, replacing port 80 with 443, and adding in SSL directives. This leaves the other ports to be dealt with. I tried using * for the port, but then I get overlap errors. I tried redirecting all request to the HTTPS server and visa-versa but neither worked; either the SSL requests wouldn’t redirect correctly or else the HTTP requests gave the You’re speaking plain HTTP to an SSL-enabled server port… error. Further, I cannot figure out a way to test if other ports are being successfully redirected (I could try using a browser, but what about FTP, ICMP, etc.?) I realize that I could just use a port-blocker (eg ProtoWall, PeerBlock, etc.), but there’s two issues with that. First, I am blocking domains with this method, not IP addresses, so to use a port-blocker, I would have to get each and every domain’s IP, and update theme frequently. Second, using this method, I can have Apache keep logs of all the ad/malware/spam/etc. requests for future analysis (my current AdKiller logs are already 466MB right now). I appreciate any help in successfully setting up an Apache VirtualHost blackhole. Thanks.

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• General guidelines / workflow to convert or transfer video "professionally"?

  - by cloneman

  I'm an IT "professional" who sometimes has to deal with small video conversion / video cutting projects, and I'd like to learn "the right way" to do this. Every time I search Google, there's always a disaster for weird, low-maturity trialware, or random forums threads from 3-4 years ago indicating various antiquated method to do it. The big question is the following: What are the "general" guidelines and tools to transcode video into some efficient (lossless?) intermediary, for editing purposes, for the purpose of eventually re-encoding it after? It seems to me like even the simplest of formats and tasks are a disaster of endless trial & error, or expertise only known by hardened experts who have a swiss army kife of weird conversion tools that they use, almost as if mounting an attack against the project. Here are a few cases in point: Simple VOB files extracted from DVD footage can't be imported into Adobe Premiere directly. Virtualdub is an old software people keep recommending but doesn't seem to support newer formats. I don't even know how to tell with certainty which codecs a video has, and weather the image is interlaced or not, and what resolution and codecs I'm dealing with. Problems: Choosing a wrong interlace option which diminishes quality Choosing a wrong pixel aspect ratio (stretches the image) Choosing a wrong "project type" in Premiere causing footage to require scaling Being forced to use some weird program that will have any number of negative effects What I'm looking for: Books or "Real knowledge" on format conversions, recognized tools, etc. that aren't some random forum guides on how to deal with video formats. Workflow guidelines on identifying a format going from one format to another without problems as mentioned above. Documentation on what programs like Adobe Premiere can and can't do with regards to formats, so that I don't use a wrench as a hammer. TL;DR How should you convert or "prepare" a video file to ensure it will be supported by Premiere for editing? Is premiere a suitable program to handle cropping, encoding, or should other tools be used for this, when making a video montage from a variety of source formats? What are some good books to read that specifically deal with converting videos that use any number of codecs?

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• Tips for maximizing Nginx requests/sec?

  - by linkedlinked

  I'm building an analytics package, and project requirements state that I need to support 1 billion hits per day. Yep, "billion". In other words, no less than 12,000 hits per second sustained, and preferably some room to burst. I know I'll need multiple servers for this, but I'm trying to get maximum performance out of each node before "throwing more hardware at it". Right now, I have the hits-tracking portion completed, and well optimized. I pretty much just save the requests straight into Redis (for later processing with Hadoop). The application is Python/Django with a gunicorn for the gateway. My 2GB Ubuntu 10.04 Rackspace server (not a production machine) can serve about 1200 static files per second (benchmarked using Apache AB against a single static asset). To compare, if I swap out the static file link with my tracking link, I still get about 600 requests per second -- I think this means my tracker is well optimized, because it's only a factor of 2 slower than serving static assets. However, when I benchmark with millions of hits, I notice a few things -- No disk usage -- this is expected, because I've turned off all Nginx logs, and my custom code doesn't do anything but save the request details into Redis. Non-constant memory usage -- Presumably due to Redis' memory managing, my memory usage will gradually climb up and then drop back down, but it's never once been my bottleneck. System load hovers around 2-4, the system is still responsive during even my heaviest benchmarks, and I can still manually view http://mysite.com/tracking/pixel with little visible delay while my (other) server performs 600 requests per second. If I run a short test, say 50,000 hits (takes about 2m), I get a steady, reliable 600 requests per second. If I run a longer test (tried up to 3.5m so far), my r/s degrades to about 250. My questions -- a. Does it look like I'm maxing out this server yet? Is 1,200/s static files nginx performance comparable to what others have experienced? b. Are there common nginx tunings for such high-volume applications? I have worker threads set to 64, and gunicorn worker threads set to 8, but tweaking these values doesn't seem to help or harm me much. c. Are there any linux-level settings that could be limiting my incoming connections? d. What could cause my performance to degrade to 250r/s on long-running tests? Again, the memory is not maxing out during these tests, and HDD use is nil. Thanks in advance, all :)

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• Why can't I render objects to texture properly using FBO?

  - by Brett

  Hello, I'm trying to implement a simple program using 3 FBO's to render a scene to a texture and display a textured quad. I've successfully done this previously using fragment shaders before projecting to the textured quad but can't get it to work without a shader. What could be wrong? First I set up my textures glGenTextures(3, renderTextureID); for (GLint i = 0; i < 3; i++) { glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, renderTextureID[i]); glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); // this may change with window size changes glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA8, fboWidth, fboHeight, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0); } Next some framebuffer state glGenFramebuffersEXT(3, framebufferID); glBindFramebufferEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, framebufferID[0]); glFramebufferTexture2DEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0_EXT, GL_TEXTURE_2D, renderTextureID[0], 0); GLenum fboStatus = glCheckFramebufferStatusEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT); if(fboStatus != GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE_EXT) { fprintf(stderr, "FBO Error!"); } glBindFramebufferEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, framebufferID[1]); glFramebufferTexture2DEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0_EXT, GL_TEXTURE_2D, renderTextureID[1], 0); glBindFramebufferEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, framebufferID[2]); glFramebufferTexture2DEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0_EXT, GL_TEXTURE_2D, renderTextureID[2], 0); glBindFramebufferEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, 0); Then I render the scene glViewport(0, 0, fboWidth, fboHeight); glBindFramebufferEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, framebufferID[0]); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); drawModels(); glBindFramebufferEXT(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_EXT, 0); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, renderTextureID[0]); glEnable(GL_SCISSOR_TEST); glViewport(windowWidth/2, 0, fboWidth, fboHeight); glScissor(windowWidth/2, 0, fboWidth, fboHeight); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); glBegin(GL_QUADS); glTexCoord2i(0, 0); glVertex2f(-1.0f, -1.0f); glTexCoord2i(1, 0); glVertex2f(1.0f, -1.0f); glTexCoord2i(1, 1); glVertex2f(1.0f, 1.0f); glTexCoord2i(0, 1); glVertex2f(-1.0f, 1.0f); glEnd(); glDisable(GL_SCISSOR_TEST); glutSwapBuffers(); The result is a yellow square. Draw models draws yellow wireframe cubes if not using the FBO so the problem is not that. I've read a previous similar post that talks about using glTexParameterf after generating and binding textures but i've done this. Thanks...

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• HLSL tex2d sampler seemingly returning incorrect values; why?

  - by BlueNovember

  Hello all, I have code that needs to render regions of my object differently depending on their location. I am trying to use a colour map to define these regions, then get a value (0-14) representing this region by sampling the texture. The problem is when I sample from my colour map, I get collisions. Ie, two regions with different colours in the colourmap get the same value returned from the sampler. I've tried various formats of my colour map. I set the colours for each region to be "5" apart in each case; Indexed colour RGB, RGBA: region 1 will have RGB 5,5,5. region 2 will have RGB 10,10,10 and so on. HSV Greyscale: region 1 will have HSV 0,0,5. region 2 will have HSV 0,0,10 and so on. The tex2D sampler returns a value [0..1]. To get the "region number" I multiply this by 100 and divide by 5, expecting a number [0..20]. (But currently only using 0-14) I am using Shader Model 2 and FX Composer. //Colour map texture gColourmapTexture < string ResourceName = "Globe_Colourmap_Regions_Greyscale.png"; string ResourceType = "2D"; >; sampler2D gColourmapSampler : register(s1) = sampler_state { Texture = <gColourmapTexture>; #if DIRECT3D_VERSION >= 0xa00 Filter = MIN_MAG_MIP_LINEAR; #else /* DIRECT3D_VERSION < 0xa00 */ MinFilter = Linear; MipFilter = Linear; MagFilter = Linear; #endif /* DIRECT3D_VERSION */ AddressU = Clamp; AddressV = Clamp; }; ... //Then later, in a method float region = tex2D(gColourmapSampler,In.UV).x; //at this point I do not think it matters which of xyz components I pick; even in HSV they're all the same for my image. region *= 100; //Now in range [0..100] region /= 5; //Now in range [0..20] float3 levels[21]; //*Code populating "levels" array with what is essentially colour information * levels[1] = ... levels[2] = ... //Chose which level this region has, by looking up its region number float3 Level = levels[region];

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• UIImagePickerController, UIImage, Memory and More!

  - by Itay

  I've noticed that there are many questions about how to handle UIImage objects, especially in conjunction with UIImagePickerController and then displaying it in a view (usually a UIImageView). Here is a collection of common questions and their answers. Feel free to edit and add your own. I obviously learnt all this information from somewhere too. Various forum posts, StackOverflow answers and my own experimenting brought me to all these solutions. Credit goes to those who posted some sample code that I've since used and modified. I don't remember who you all are - but hats off to you! How Do I Select An Image From the User's Images or From the Camera? You use UIImagePickerController. The documentation for the class gives a decent overview of how one would use it, and can be found here. Basically, you create an instance of the class, which is a modal view controller, display it, and set yourself (or some class) to be the delegate. Then you'll get notified when a user selects some form of media (movie or image in 3.0 on the 3GS), and you can do whatever you want. My Delegate Was Called - How Do I Get The Media? The delegate method signature is the following: - (void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary *)info; You should put a breakpoint in the debugger to see what's in the dictionary, but you use that to extract the media. For example: UIImage* image = [info objectForKey:UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage]; There are other keys that work as well, all in the documentation. OK, I Got The Image, But It Doesn't Have Any Geolocation Data. What gives? Unfortunately, Apple decided that we're not worthy of this information. When they load the data into the UIImage, they strip it of all the EXIF/Geolocation data. Can I Get To The Original File Representing This Image on the Disk? Nope. For security purposes, you only get the UIImage. How Can I Look At The Underlying Pixels of the UIImage? Since the UIImage is immutable, you can't look at the direct pixels. However, you can make a copy. The code to this looks something like this: UIImage* image = ...; // An image NSData* pixelData = (NSData*) CGDataProviderCopyData(CGImageGetDataProvider(image.CGImage)); unsigned char* pixelBytes = (unsigned char *)[pixelData bytes]; // Take away the red pixel, assuming 32-bit RGBA for(int i = 0; i < [pixelData length]; i += 4) { pixelBytes[i] = 0; // red pixelBytes[i+1] = pixelBytes[i+1]; // green pixelBytes[i+2] = pixelBytes[i+2]; // blue pixelBytes[i+3] = pixelBytes[i+3]; // alpha } However, note that CGDataProviderCopyData provides you with an "immutable" reference to the data - meaning you can't change it (and you may get a BAD_ACCESS error if you do). Look at the next question if you want to see how you can modify the pixels. How Do I Modify The Pixels of the UIImage? The UIImage is immutable, meaning you can't change it. Apple posted a great article on how to get a copy of the pixels and modify them, and rather than copy and paste it here, you should just go read the article. Once you have the bitmap context as they mention in the article, you can do something similar to this to get a new UIImage with the modified pixels: CGImageRef ref = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(bitmap); UIImage* newImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:ref]; Do remember to release your references though, otherwise you're going to be leaking quite a bit of memory. After I Select 3 Images From The Camera, I Run Out Of Memory. Help! You have to remember that even though on disk these images take up only a few hundred kilobytes at most, that's because they're compressed as a PNG or JPG. When they are loaded into the UIImage, they become uncompressed. A quick over-the-envelope calculation would be: width x height x 4 = bytes in memory That's assuming 32-bit pixels. If you have 16-bit pixels (some JPGs are stored as RGBA-5551), then you'd replace the 4 with a 2. Now, images taken with the camera are 1600 x 1200 pixels, so let's do the math: 1600 x 1200 x 4 = 7,680,000 bytes = ~8 MB 8 MB is a lot, especially when you have a limit of around 24 MB for your application. That's why you run out of memory. OK, I Understand Why I Have No Memory. What Do I Do? There is never any reason to display images at their full resolution. The iPhone has a screen of 480 x 320 pixels, so you're just wasting space. If you find yourself in this situation, ask yourself the following question: Do I need the full resolution image? If the answer is yes, then you should save it to disk for later use. If the answer is no, then read the next part. Once you've decided what to do with the full-resolution image, then you need to create a smaller image to use for displaying. Many times you might even want several sizes for your image: a thumbnail, a full-size one for displaying, and the original full-resolution image. OK, I'm Hooked. How Do I Resize the Image? Unfortunately, there is no defined way how to resize an image. Also, it's important to note that when you resize it, you'll get a new image - you're not modifying the old one. There are a couple of methods to do the resizing. I'll present them both here, and explain the pros and cons of each. Method 1: Using UIKit + (UIImage*)imageWithImage:(UIImage*)image scaledToSize:(CGSize)newSize; { // Create a graphics image context UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(newSize); // Tell the old image to draw in this new context, with the desired // new size [image drawInRect:CGRectMake(0,0,newSize.width,newSize.height)]; // Get the new image from the context UIImage* newImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext(); // End the context UIGraphicsEndImageContext(); // Return the new image. return newImage; } This method is very simple, and works great. It will also deal with the UIImageOrientation for you, meaning that you don't have to care whether the camera was sideways when the picture was taken. However, this method is not thread safe, and since thumbnailing is a relatively expensive operation (approximately ~2.5s on a 3G for a 1600 x 1200 pixel image), this is very much an operation you may want to do in the background, on a separate thread. Method 2: Using CoreGraphics + (UIImage*)imageWithImage:(UIImage*)sourceImage scaledToSize:(CGSize)newSize; { CGFloat targetWidth = targetSize.width; CGFloat targetHeight = targetSize.height; CGImageRef imageRef = [sourceImage CGImage]; CGBitmapInfo bitmapInfo = CGImageGetBitmapInfo(imageRef); CGColorSpaceRef colorSpaceInfo = CGImageGetColorSpace(imageRef); if (bitmapInfo == kCGImageAlphaNone) { bitmapInfo = kCGImageAlphaNoneSkipLast; } CGContextRef bitmap; if (sourceImage.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationUp || sourceImage.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationDown) { bitmap = CGBitmapContextCreate(NULL, targetWidth, targetHeight, CGImageGetBitsPerComponent(imageRef), CGImageGetBytesPerRow(imageRef), colorSpaceInfo, bitmapInfo); } else { bitmap = CGBitmapContextCreate(NULL, targetHeight, targetWidth, CGImageGetBitsPerComponent(imageRef), CGImageGetBytesPerRow(imageRef), colorSpaceInfo, bitmapInfo); } if (sourceImage.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationLeft) { CGContextRotateCTM (bitmap, radians(90)); CGContextTranslateCTM (bitmap, 0, -targetHeight); } else if (sourceImage.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationRight) { CGContextRotateCTM (bitmap, radians(-90)); CGContextTranslateCTM (bitmap, -targetWidth, 0); } else if (sourceImage.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationUp) { // NOTHING } else if (sourceImage.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationDown) { CGContextTranslateCTM (bitmap, targetWidth, targetHeight); CGContextRotateCTM (bitmap, radians(-180.)); } CGContextDrawImage(bitmap, CGRectMake(0, 0, targetWidth, targetHeight), imageRef); CGImageRef ref = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(bitmap); UIImage* newImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:ref]; CGContextRelease(bitmap); CGImageRelease(ref); return newImage; } The benefit of this method is that it is thread-safe, plus it takes care of all the small things (using correct color space and bitmap info, dealing with image orientation) that the UIKit version does. How Do I Resize and Maintain Aspect Ratio (like the AspectFill option)? It is very similar to the method above, and it looks like this: + (UIImage*)imageWithImage:(UIImage*)sourceImage scaledToSizeWithSameAspectRatio:(CGSize)targetSize; { CGSize imageSize = sourceImage.size; CGFloat width = imageSize.width; CGFloat height = imageSize.height; CGFloat targetWidth = targetSize.width; CGFloat targetHeight = targetSize.height; CGFloat scaleFactor = 0.0; CGFloat scaledWidth = targetWidth; CGFloat scaledHeight = targetHeight; CGPoint thumbnailPoint = CGPointMake(0.0,0.0); if (CGSizeEqualToSize(imageSize, targetSize) == NO) { CGFloat widthFactor = targetWidth / width; CGFloat heightFactor = targetHeight / height; if (widthFactor > heightFactor) { scaleFactor = widthFactor; // scale to fit height } else { scaleFactor = heightFactor; // scale to fit width } scaledWidth = width * scaleFactor; scaledHeight = height * scaleFactor; // center the image if (widthFactor > heightFactor) { thumbnailPoint.y = (targetHeight - scaledHeight) * 0.5; } else if (widthFactor < heightFactor) { thumbnailPoint.x = (targetWidth - scaledWidth) * 0.5; } } CGImageRef imageRef = [sourceImage CGImage]; CGBitmapInfo bitmapInfo = CGImageGetBitmapInfo(imageRef); CGColorSpaceRef colorSpaceInfo = CGImageGetColorSpace(imageRef); if (bitmapInfo == kCGImageAlphaNone) { bitmapInfo = kCGImageAlphaNoneSkipLast; } CGContextRef bitmap; if (sourceImage.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationUp || sourceImage.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationDown) { bitmap = CGBitmapContextCreate(NULL, targetWidth, targetHeight, CGImageGetBitsPerComponent(imageRef), CGImageGetBytesPerRow(imageRef), colorSpaceInfo, bitmapInfo); } else { bitmap = CGBitmapContextCreate(NULL, targetHeight, targetWidth, CGImageGetBitsPerComponent(imageRef), CGImageGetBytesPerRow(imageRef), colorSpaceInfo, bitmapInfo); } // In the right or left cases, we need to switch scaledWidth and scaledHeight, // and also the thumbnail point if (sourceImage.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationLeft) { thumbnailPoint = CGPointMake(thumbnailPoint.y, thumbnailPoint.x); CGFloat oldScaledWidth = scaledWidth; scaledWidth = scaledHeight; scaledHeight = oldScaledWidth; CGContextRotateCTM (bitmap, radians(90)); CGContextTranslateCTM (bitmap, 0, -targetHeight); } else if (sourceImage.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationRight) { thumbnailPoint = CGPointMake(thumbnailPoint.y, thumbnailPoint.x); CGFloat oldScaledWidth = scaledWidth; scaledWidth = scaledHeight; scaledHeight = oldScaledWidth; CGContextRotateCTM (bitmap, radians(-90)); CGContextTranslateCTM (bitmap, -targetWidth, 0); } else if (sourceImage.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationUp) { // NOTHING } else if (sourceImage.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationDown) { CGContextTranslateCTM (bitmap, targetWidth, targetHeight); CGContextRotateCTM (bitmap, radians(-180.)); } CGContextDrawImage(bitmap, CGRectMake(thumbnailPoint.x, thumbnailPoint.y, scaledWidth, scaledHeight), imageRef); CGImageRef ref = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(bitmap); UIImage* newImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:ref]; CGContextRelease(bitmap); CGImageRelease(ref); return newImage; } The method we employ here is to create a bitmap with the desired size, but draw an image that is actually larger, thus maintaining the aspect ratio. So We've Got Our Scaled Images - How Do I Save Them To Disk? This is pretty simple. Remember that we want to save a compressed version to disk, and not the uncompressed pixels. Apple provides two functions that help us with this (documentation is here): NSData* UIImagePNGRepresentation(UIImage *image); NSData* UIImageJPEGRepresentation (UIImage *image, CGFloat compressionQuality); And if you want to use them, you'd do something like: UIImage* myThumbnail = ...; // Get some image NSData* imageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation(myThumbnail); Now we're ready to save it to disk, which is the final step (say into the documents directory): // Give a name to the file NSString* imageName = @"MyImage.png"; // Now, we have to find the documents directory so we can save it // Note that you might want to save it elsewhere, like the cache directory, // or something similar. NSArray* paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES); NSString* documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0]; // Now we get the full path to the file NSString* fullPathToFile = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:imageName]; // and then we write it out [imageData writeToFile:fullPathToFile atomically:NO]; You would repeat this for every version of the image you have. How Do I Load These Images Back Into Memory? Just look at the various UIImage initialization methods, such as +imageWithContentsOfFile: in the Apple documentation.

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• XNA - Mouse coordinates to word space transformation

  - by Gabriel Butcher

  I have a pretty annoying problem. I would like to create a drawing program, using winform + XNA combo. The most important part would be to transform the mouse position into the XNA drawn grid - I was able to make it for the translations, but it only work if I don't zoom in - when I do, the coordinates simply went horrible wrong. And I have no idea what I doing wrong. I tried to transform with scaling matrix, transform with inverse scaling matrix, multiplying with zoom, but none seems to work. In the beginning (with zoom value = 1) the grid starts from (0,0,0) going to (Width, Height, 0). I was able to get coordinates based on this grid as long as the zoom value didn't changed at all. I using a custom shader, with orthographic projection matrix, identity view matrix, and the transformed world matrix. Here is the two main method: internal void Update(RenderData data) { KeyboardState keyS = Keyboard.GetState(); MouseState mouS = Mouse.GetState(); if (ButtonState.Pressed == mouS.RightButton) { camTarget.X -= (float)(mouS.X - oldMstate.X) / 2; camTarget.Y += (float)(mouS.Y - oldMstate.Y) / 2; } if (ButtonState.Pressed == mouS.MiddleButton || keyS.IsKeyDown(Keys.Space)) { zVal += (float)(mouS.Y - oldMstate.Y) / 10; zoom = (float)Math.Pow(2, zVal); } oldKState = keyS; oldMstate = mouS; world = Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(-camTarget.X, -camTarget.Y, 0)) * Matrix.CreateScale(zoom / 2); } internal PointF MousePos { get { Vector2 mousePos = new Vector2(Mouse.GetState().X, Mouse.GetState().Y); Matrix trans = Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(camTarget.X - (Width / 2), -camTarget.Y + (Height / 2), 0)); mousePos = Vector2.Transform(mousePos, trans); return new PointF(mousePos.X, mousePos.Y); } } The second method should return the coordinates of the mouse cursor based on the grid (where the (0,0) point of the grid is the top-left corner.). But is just don't work. I deleted the zoom transformation from the matrix trans, as I didnt was able to get any useful result (most of the time, the coordinates was horrible wrong, mostly many thousand when the grid's size is 500x500). Any idea, or suggestion? I trying to solve this simple problem for two days now :\

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• HLSL tex2d sampler seemingly using inconsistent rounding; why?

  - by RJFalconer

  Hello all, I have code that needs to render regions of my object differently depending on their location. I am trying to use a colour map to define these regions. The problem is when I sample from my colour map, I get collisions. Ie, two regions with different colours in the colourmap get the same value returned from the sampler. I've tried various formats of my colour map. I set the colours for each region to be "5" apart in each case; Indexed colour RGB, RGBA: region 1 will have RGB 5%,5%,5%. region 2 will have RGB 10%,10%,10% and so on. HSV Greyscale: region 1 will have HSV 0,0,5%. region 2 will have HSV 0,0,10% and so on. (Values selected in The Gimp) The tex2D sampler returns a value [0..1]. [ I then intend to derive an int array index from region. Code to do with that is unrelated, so has been removed from the question ] float region = tex2D(gColourmapSampler,In.UV).x; Sampling the "5%" colour gave a "region" of 0.05098 in hlsl. From this I assume the 5% represents 5/100*255, or 12.75, which is rounded to 13 when stored in the texture OR when sampled by the sampler; can't tell which. (Reasoning: 0.05098 * 255 ~= 13) By this logic, the 50% should be stored as 127.5. Sampled, I get 0.50196 which implies it was stored as 128. the 70% should be stored as 178.5. Sampled, I get 0.698039, which implies it was stored as 178. What rounding is going on here? (127.5 becomes 128, 178.5 becomes 178 ?!) Edit: OK, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bankers_rounding#Round_half_to_even Apparently this is "banker's rounding". Is this really what HLSL samplers use? I am using Shader Model 2 and FX Composer. This is my sampler declaration; //Colour map texture gColourmapTexture < string ResourceName = "Globe_Colourmap_Regions_Greyscale.png"; string ResourceType = "2D"; >; sampler2D gColourmapSampler : register(s1) = sampler_state { Texture = <gColourmapTexture>; #if DIRECT3D_VERSION >= 0xa00 Filter = MIN_MAG_MIP_LINEAR; #else /* DIRECT3D_VERSION < 0xa00 */ MinFilter = Linear; MipFilter = Linear; MagFilter = Linear; #endif /* DIRECT3D_VERSION */ AddressU = Clamp; AddressV = Clamp; };

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• Why does OpenGL's glDrawArrays() fail with GL_INVALID_OPERATION under Core Profile 3.2, but not 3.3 or 4.2?

  - by metaleap

  I have OpenGL rendering code calling glDrawArrays that works flawlessly when the OpenGL context is (automatically / implicitly obtained) 4.2 but fails consistently (GL_INVALID_OPERATION) with an explicitly requested OpenGL core context 3.2. (Shaders are always set to #version 150 in both cases but that's beside the point here I suspect.) According to specs, there are only two instances when glDrawArrays() fails with GL_INVALID_OPERATION: "if a non-zero buffer object name is bound to an enabled array and the buffer object's data store is currently mapped" -- I'm not doing any buffer mapping at this point "if a geometry shader is active and mode? is incompatible with [...]" -- nope, no geometry shaders as of now. Furthermore: I have verified & double-checked that it's only the glDrawArrays() calls failing. Also double-checked that all arguments passed to glDrawArrays() are identical under both GL versions, buffer bindings too. This happens across 3 different nvidia GPUs and 2 different OSes (Win7 and OSX, both 64-bit -- of course, in OSX we have only the 3.2 context, no 4.2 anyway). It does not happen with an integrated "Intel HD" GPU but for that one, I only get an automatic implicit 3.3 context (trying to explicitly force a 3.2 core profile with this GPU via GLFW here fails the window creation but that's an entirely different issue...) For what it's worth, here's the relevant routine excerpted from the render loop, in Golang: func (me *TMesh) render () { curMesh = me curTechnique.OnRenderMesh() gl.BindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, me.glVertBuf) if me.glElemBuf > 0 { gl.BindBuffer(gl.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, me.glElemBuf) gl.VertexAttribPointer(curProg.AttrLocs["aPos"], 3, gl.FLOAT, gl.FALSE, 0, gl.Pointer(nil)) gl.DrawElements(me.glMode, me.glNumIndices, gl.UNSIGNED_INT, gl.Pointer(nil)) gl.BindBuffer(gl.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0) } else { gl.VertexAttribPointer(curProg.AttrLocs["aPos"], 3, gl.FLOAT, gl.FALSE, 0, gl.Pointer(nil)) /* BOOM! */ gl.DrawArrays(me.glMode, 0, me.glNumVerts) } gl.BindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, 0) } So of course this is part of a bigger render-loop, though the whole "*TMesh" construction for now is just two instances, one a simple cube and the other a simple pyramid. What matters is that the entire drawing loop works flawlessly with no errors reported when GL is queried for errors under both 3.3 and 4.2, yet on 3 nvidia GPUs with an explicit 3.2 core profile fails with an error code that according to spec is only invoked in two specific situations, none of which as far as I can tell apply here. What could be wrong here? Have you ever run into this? Any ideas what I have been missing?

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• Understanding each other in web development

  - by Pete Hotchkin

  During my career I have been lucky enough to work in several different roles within web development with many extremely talented people, from incredible designers who were passionate about the placement of every pixel right through to server administrators and DBAs who were always measuring the improvements they were making to their queries in the smallest possible unit. The problem I always faced was that more often than not I was stuck in the middle trying to mediate between these different functions and enable each side to understand the other’s point of view. The main areas of contention that there have always been between these functional groups in my experience have been at 2 key points: during the build phase and then when there is a problem post-build. During both of these times it is often easier for someone to pass the buck onto someone else than spend the time to understand the other person’s perspective. Below is a quick look at two upcoming tools that will not only speed up the build phase for each function, but  also help when it comes to the issues faced once a site has been pushed live. In my experience a web project goes through several phases of development. The first of these is design, generally handled as Photoshop files which are then passed onto a front-end developer. This is the first point at which heated discussions can arise. One problem I’ve seen several times is that the designer doesn’t fully understand the platform constraints that need to be considered, and as a result has designed something that does not translate very well or is simply not possible. Working at Red Gate, I am lucky enough to be able to meet some amazing people and this happened just the other day when I was introduced to Neil Kinnish and Pete Nelson, the creators of what I believe could be a great asset in this designer-developer relationship, Mixture. Mixture allows the front end developer to quickly prototype a web page with built-in frameworks such as bootstrap. It’s not an IDE however, it just sits there in the background and monitors the project files in the background so every time you save a file from your favorite IDE, it will compile things like LESS, compact your JavaScript and the automatically refresh your test browser so you can see the changes instantly. I think one of the best parts of this however is a single button that pushes the changed files up to the web so the designer can instantly see how far the developer has got and the problem that he is facing at that time without the need to spend time setting up a remote server. I can see this being a real asset to remote teams where there needs to be a compromise between the designer and the front-end developer, or just to allow the designer to see how the build is progressing and suggest small alterations. Once the design has been built into the front end the designer’s job is generally done and there are no other points of contention between the designer and the other functions involved in building these web projects. As the project moves into the stage of integrating it into the back end and deploying it to the production server other functions start to be pulled in and other issues arise such as the back-end developer understanding the frameworks that they are using such as the routes that are in place in an MVC application or the number of database calls that the ORM layer is actually making. There are many tools out there that can actually help with these problems such as mini profiler that gives you a quick snapshot of what is going on directly in the browser. For a slightly more in-depth look at what is happening and to gain a deeper understanding of an application you may be working on though, you may want to consider Glimpse. Created by Nik and Anthony, it is an application that sits at the bottom of your browser (installed via NuGet) which can show you information about how your application is pieced together and how the information on screen is being delivered as it happens. With a wealth of community-built plugins such as one for nHibernate and linq2SQL (full list of plugins on NuGet). It can be customized directly to your own setup to truly delve into the code to see what is happening, and can help to reduce the number of confusing moments about whether it is your code that is going wrong or whether there is something more sinister happening directly on the server. All the tools that I have mentioned in this post help to do one thing above all, and that is to ease the barrier of understanding between the different functions that are involved in building and maintaining a web application. In my experience it is very easy to say “Well, that’s not my problem”, simply because the two functions involved don’t truly understand the other’s point of view. Software should not only be seen as a way to streamline our own working process or as a debugging tool but also a communication aid to improve the entire lifecycle of a web project. Glimpse is actually the project that I am the designer on and I would love to get your feedback if you do decide to try it out or if you would like to share your own experiences of working on web projects please fill in your details at https://www.surveymk.com/s/joinGlimpse  or add a comment below and I will get in touch with you.

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• Streaming desktop with avconv - severe sound issues

  - by Tommy Brunn

  I'm trying to do some live streaming in Ubuntu 12.10, but I'm having some problems with audio. More specifically, the quality is complete garbage and it's at least 10 seconds out of sync with the video. I'm using an excellent guide found here to set up my loopback devices so that I can combine the desktop audio with the microphone input. It seems to work, as I'm able to stream both audio and video to Twitch.tv. But, as I said, the audio quality is terrible. The microphone audio is very, very low, but if I increase it, I get a horrible garbled sound that is absolutely unbearable. Nothing like that is present during VoIP calls or when recording sound alone with the sound recorder, so it's not an issue with the microphone itself. The entire audio stream is also delayed about 10-15 seconds compared to the video stream. I put together an imgur album of my settings. Here is some example output from when I'm streaming: avconv version 0.8.4-6:0.8.4-0ubuntu0.12.10.1, Copyright (c) 2000-2012 the Libav developers built on Nov 6 2012 16:51:11 with gcc 4.7.2 [x11grab @ 0x162fd80] device: :0.0+570,262 -> display: :0.0 x: 570 y: 262 width: 1280 height: 720 [x11grab @ 0x162fd80] shared memory extension found [x11grab @ 0x162fd80] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate Input #0, x11grab, from ':0.0+570,262': Duration: N/A, start: 1353181686.735113, bitrate: 884736 kb/s Stream #0.0: Video: rawvideo, bgra, 1280x720, 884736 kb/s, 30 tbr, 1000k tbn, 30 tbc [alsa @ 0x163fce0] capture with some ALSA plugins, especially dsnoop, may hang. [alsa @ 0x163fce0] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate Input #1, alsa, from 'pulse': Duration: N/A, start: 1353181686.773841, bitrate: N/A Stream #1.0: Audio: pcm_s16le, 48000 Hz, 2 channels, s16, 1536 kb/s Incompatible pixel format 'bgra' for codec 'libx264', auto-selecting format 'yuv420p' [buffer @ 0x1641ec0] w:1280 h:720 pixfmt:bgra [scale @ 0x1642480] w:1280 h:720 fmt:bgra -> w:852 h:480 fmt:yuv420p flags:0x4 [libx264 @ 0x165ae80] VBV maxrate unspecified, assuming CBR [libx264 @ 0x165ae80] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 FastShuffle SSE4.2 [libx264 @ 0x165ae80] profile Main, level 3.1 [libx264 @ 0x165ae80] 264 - core 123 r2189 35cf912 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2012 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=1 ref=2 deblock=1:0:0 analyse=0x1:0x111 me=hex subme=6 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=0 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=0 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=-2 threads=4 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=3 b_pyramid=0 b_adapt=1 b_bias=0 direct=1 weightb=0 open_gop=1 weightp=1 keyint=250 keyint_min=25 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=30 rc=cbr mbtree=1 bitrate=712 ratetol=1.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 vbv_maxrate=712 vbv_bufsize=512 nal_hrd=none ip_ratio=1.25 aq=1:1.00 Output #0, flv, to 'rtmp://live.justin.tv/app/live_23011330_Pt1plSRM0z5WVNJ0QmCHvTPmpUnfC4': Metadata: encoder : Lavf53.21.0 Stream #0.0: Video: libx264, yuv420p, 852x480, q=-1--1, 712 kb/s, 1k tbn, 30 tbc Stream #0.1: Audio: libmp3lame, 44100 Hz, 2 channels, s16, 712 kb/s Stream mapping: Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (rawvideo -> libx264) Stream #1:0 -> #0:1 (pcm_s16le -> libmp3lame) Press ctrl-c to stop encoding frame= 17 fps= 0 q=0.0 size= 0kB time=10000000000.00 bitrate= 0.0kbitframe= 32 fps= 31 q=0.0 size= 0kB time=10000000000.00 bitrate= 0.0kbitframe= 40 fps= 23 q=29.0 size= 44kB time=0.03 bitrate=13786.2kbits/s dup=frame= 47 fps= 21 q=31.0 size= 93kB time=2.73 bitrate= 277.7kbits/s dup=0frame= 62 fps= 23 q=29.0 size= 160kB time=3.23 bitrate= 406.2kbits/s dup=0frame= 77 fps= 24 q=23.0 size= 209kB time=3.71 bitrate= 462.5kbits/s dup=0frame= 92 fps= 25 q=20.0 size= 267kB time=4.91 bitrate= 445.2kbits/s dup=0frame= 107 fps= 25 q=20.0 size= 318kB time=5.41 bitrate= 482.1kbits/s dup=0frame= 123 fps= 26 q=18.0 size= 368kB time=5.96 bitrate= 505.7kbits/s dup=0frame= 139 fps= 26 q=16.0 size= 419kB time=6.48 bitrate= 529.7kbits/s dup=0frame= 155 fps= 27 q=15.0 size= 473kB time=7.00 bitrate= 553.6kbits/s dup=0frame= 170 fps= 27 q=14.0 size= 525kB time=7.52 bitrate= 571.7kbits/s dup=0 frame= 180 fps= 25 q=-1.0 Lsize= 652kB time=7.97 bitrate= 670.0kbits/s dup=0 drop=32 //Here I stop the streaming video:531kB audio:112kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead 1.345945% [libx264 @ 0x165ae80] frame I:1 Avg QP:30.43 size: 39748 [libx264 @ 0x165ae80] frame P:45 Avg QP:11.37 size: 11110 [libx264 @ 0x165ae80] frame B:134 Avg QP:15.93 size: 27 [libx264 @ 0x165ae80] consecutive B-frames: 0.6% 0.0% 1.7% 97.8% [libx264 @ 0x165ae80] mb I I16..4: 7.3% 0.0% 92.7% [libx264 @ 0x165ae80] mb P I16..4: 0.1% 0.0% 0.1% P16..4: 49.1% 1.2% 2.1% 0.0% 0.0% skip:47.4% [libx264 @ 0x165ae80] mb B I16..4: 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% B16..8: 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% direct: 0.0% skip:99.9% L0:42.5% L1:56.9% BI: 0.6% [libx264 @ 0x165ae80] coded y,uvDC,uvAC intra: 82.3% 87.4% 71.9% inter: 7.1% 8.4% 7.0% [libx264 @ 0x165ae80] i16 v,h,dc,p: 27% 29% 16% 28% [libx264 @ 0x165ae80] i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 22% 21% 14% 8% 8% 8% 7% 5% 7% [libx264 @ 0x165ae80] i8c dc,h,v,p: 47% 22% 20% 11% [libx264 @ 0x165ae80] Weighted P-Frames: Y:0.0% UV:0.0% [libx264 @ 0x165ae80] ref P L0: 96.4% 3.6% [libx264 @ 0x165ae80] kb/s:474.19 Received signal 2: terminating. Any ideas on how I can resolve this? The video delay is perfectly acceptable, so I wouldn't think that it's a network issue that's causing the delay in the audio. Any help would be appreciated.

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• 2D Selective Gaussian Blur

  - by Joshua Thomas

  I am attempting to use Gaussian blur on a 2D platform game, selectively blurring specific types of platforms with different amounts. I am currently just messing around with simple test code, trying to get it to work correctly. What I need to eventually do is create three separate render targets, leave one normal, blur one slightly, and blur the last heavily, then recombine on the screen. Where I am now is I have successfully drawn into a new render target and performed the gaussian blur on it, but when I draw it back to the screen everything is purple aside from the platforms I drew to the target. This is my .fx file: #define RADIUS 7 #define KERNEL_SIZE (RADIUS * 2 + 1) //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Globals. //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- float weights[KERNEL_SIZE]; float2 offsets[KERNEL_SIZE]; //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Textures. //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- texture colorMapTexture; sampler2D colorMap = sampler_state { Texture = <colorMapTexture>; MipFilter = Linear; MinFilter = Linear; MagFilter = Linear; }; //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Pixel Shaders. //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- float4 PS_GaussianBlur(float2 texCoord : TEXCOORD) : COLOR0 { float4 color = float4(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); for (int i = 0; i < KERNEL_SIZE; ++i) color += tex2D(colorMap, texCoord + offsets[i]) * weights[i]; return color; } //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Techniques. //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- technique GaussianBlur { pass { PixelShader = compile ps_2_0 PS_GaussianBlur(); } } This is the code I'm using for the gaussian blur: public Texture2D PerformGaussianBlur(Texture2D srcTexture, RenderTarget2D renderTarget1, RenderTarget2D renderTarget2, SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { if (effect == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("GaussianBlur.fx effect not loaded."); Texture2D outputTexture = null; Rectangle srcRect = new Rectangle(0, 0, srcTexture.Width, srcTexture.Height); Rectangle destRect1 = new Rectangle(0, 0, renderTarget1.Width, renderTarget1.Height); Rectangle destRect2 = new Rectangle(0, 0, renderTarget2.Width, renderTarget2.Height); // Perform horizontal Gaussian blur. game.GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(renderTarget1); effect.CurrentTechnique = effect.Techniques["GaussianBlur"]; effect.Parameters["weights"].SetValue(kernel); effect.Parameters["colorMapTexture"].SetValue(srcTexture); effect.Parameters["offsets"].SetValue(offsetsHoriz); spriteBatch.Begin(0, BlendState.Opaque, null, null, null, effect); spriteBatch.Draw(srcTexture, destRect1, Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); // Perform vertical Gaussian blur. game.GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(renderTarget2); outputTexture = (Texture2D)renderTarget1; effect.Parameters["colorMapTexture"].SetValue(outputTexture); effect.Parameters["offsets"].SetValue(offsetsVert); spriteBatch.Begin(0, BlendState.Opaque, null, null, null, effect); spriteBatch.Draw(outputTexture, destRect2, Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); // Return the Gaussian blurred texture. game.GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null); outputTexture = (Texture2D)renderTarget2; return outputTexture; } And this is the draw method affected: public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { device.SetRenderTarget(maxBlur); spriteBatch.Begin(); foreach (Brick brick in blueBricks) brick.Draw(spriteBatch); spriteBatch.End(); blue = gBlur.PerformGaussianBlur((Texture2D) maxBlur, helperTarget, maxBlur, spriteBatch); spriteBatch.Begin(); device.SetRenderTarget(null); foreach (Brick brick in redBricks) brick.Draw(spriteBatch); foreach (Brick brick in greenBricks) brick.Draw(spriteBatch); spriteBatch.Draw(blue, new Rectangle(0, 0, blue.Width, blue.Height), Color.White); foreach (Brick brick in purpleBricks) brick.Draw(spriteBatch); spriteBatch.End(); } I'm sorry about the massive brick of text and images(or not....new user, I tried, it said no), but I wanted to get my problem across clearly as I have been searching for an answer to this for quite a while now. As a side note, I have seen the bloom sample. Very well commented, but overly complicated since it deals in 3D; I was unable to take what I needed to learn form it. Thanks for any and all help.

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• Win32 and Win64 programming in C sources?

  - by Nick Rosencrantz

  I'm learning OpenGL with C and that makes me include the windows.h file in my project. I'd like to look at some more specific windows functions and I wonder if you can cite some good sources for learning the basics of Win32 and Win64 programming in C (or C++). I use MS Visual C++ and I prefer to stick with C even though much of the Windows API seems to be C++. I'd like my program to be portable and using some platform-indepedent graphics library like OpenGL I could make my program portable with some slight changes for window management. Could you direct me with some pointers to books or www links where I can find more info? I've already studied the OpenGL red book and the C programming language, what I'm looking for is the platform-dependent stuff and how to handle that since I run both Linux and Windows where I find the development environment Visual Studio is pretty good but the debugger gdb is not available on windows so it's a trade off which environment i'll choose in the end - Linux with gcc or Windows with MSVC. Here is the program that draws a graphics primitive with some use of windows.h This program is also runnable on Linux without changing the code that actually draws the graphics primitive: #include <windows.h> #include <gl/gl.h> LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); void EnableOpenGL(HWND hwnd, HDC*, HGLRC*); void DisableOpenGL(HWND, HDC, HGLRC); int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { WNDCLASSEX wcex; HWND hwnd; HDC hDC; HGLRC hRC; MSG msg; BOOL bQuit = FALSE; float theta = 0.0f; /* register window class */ wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); wcex.style = CS_OWNDC; wcex.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc; wcex.cbClsExtra = 0; wcex.cbWndExtra = 0; wcex.hInstance = hInstance; wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION); wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH); wcex.lpszMenuName = NULL; wcex.lpszClassName = "GLSample"; wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);; if (!RegisterClassEx(&wcex)) return 0; /* create main window */ hwnd = CreateWindowEx(0, "GLSample", "OpenGL Sample", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 256, 256, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL); ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow); /* enable OpenGL for the window */ EnableOpenGL(hwnd, &hDC, &hRC); /* program main loop */ while (!bQuit) { /* check for messages */ if (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE)) { /* handle or dispatch messages */ if (msg.message == WM_QUIT) { bQuit = TRUE; } else { TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } } else { /* OpenGL animation code goes here */ glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glPushMatrix(); glRotatef(theta, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES); glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex2f(0.0f, 1.0f); glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex2f(0.87f, -0.5f); glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); glVertex2f(-0.87f, -0.5f); glEnd(); glPopMatrix(); SwapBuffers(hDC); theta += 1.0f; Sleep (1); } } /* shutdown OpenGL */ DisableOpenGL(hwnd, hDC, hRC); /* destroy the window explicitly */ DestroyWindow(hwnd); return msg.wParam; } LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { switch (uMsg) { case WM_CLOSE: PostQuitMessage(0); break; case WM_DESTROY: return 0; case WM_KEYDOWN: { switch (wParam) { case VK_ESCAPE: PostQuitMessage(0); break; } } break; default: return DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam); } return 0; } void EnableOpenGL(HWND hwnd, HDC* hDC, HGLRC* hRC) { PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd; int iFormat; /* get the device context (DC) */ *hDC = GetDC(hwnd); /* set the pixel format for the DC */ ZeroMemory(&pfd, sizeof(pfd)); pfd.nSize = sizeof(pfd); pfd.nVersion = 1; pfd.dwFlags = PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW | PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER; pfd.iPixelType = PFD_TYPE_RGBA; pfd.cColorBits = 24; pfd.cDepthBits = 16; pfd.iLayerType = PFD_MAIN_PLANE; iFormat = ChoosePixelFormat(*hDC, &pfd); SetPixelFormat(*hDC, iFormat, &pfd); /* create and enable the render context (RC) */ *hRC = wglCreateContext(*hDC); wglMakeCurrent(*hDC, *hRC); } void DisableOpenGL (HWND hwnd, HDC hDC, HGLRC hRC) { wglMakeCurrent(NULL, NULL); wglDeleteContext(hRC); ReleaseDC(hwnd, hDC); }

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• GameplayScreen does not contain a definition for GraphicsDevice

  - by Dave Voyles

  Long story short: I'm trying to intergrate my game with Microsoft's Game State Management. In doing so I've run into some errors, and the latest one is in the title. I'm not able to display my HUD for the reasons listed above. Previously, I had much of my code in my Game.cs class, but the GSM has a bit of it in Game1, and most of what you have drawn for the main screen in your GameplayScreen class, and that is what is causing confusion on my part. I've created an instance of the GameplayScreen class to be used in the HUD class (as you can see below). Before integrating with the GSM however, I created an instance of my Game class, and all worked fine. It seems that I need to define my graphics device somewhere, but I am not sure of where exactly. I've left some code below to help you understand. public class GameStateManagementGame : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game { #region Fields GraphicsDeviceManager graphics; ScreenManager screenManager; // Creates a new intance, which is used in the HUD class public static Game Instance; // By preloading any assets used by UI rendering, we avoid framerate glitches // when they suddenly need to be loaded in the middle of a menu transition. static readonly string[] preloadAssets = { "gradient", }; #endregion #region Initialization /// <summary> /// The main game constructor. /// </summary> public GameStateManagementGame() { Content.RootDirectory = "Content"; graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this); graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth = 1280; graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight = 720; graphics.IsFullScreen = false; graphics.ApplyChanges(); // Create the screen manager component. screenManager = new ScreenManager(this); Components.Add(screenManager); // Activate the first screens. screenManager.AddScreen(new BackgroundScreen(), null); //screenManager.AddScreen(new MainMenuScreen(), null); screenManager.AddScreen(new PressStartScreen(), null); } namespace Pong { public class HUD { public void Update(GameTime gameTime) { // Used in the Draw method titleSafeRectangle = new Rectangle (GameplayScreen.Instance.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.TitleSafeArea.X, GameplayScreen.Instance.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.TitleSafeArea.Y, GameplayScreen.Instance.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.TitleSafeArea.Width, GameplayScreen.Instance.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.TitleSafeArea.Height); } } } class GameplayScreen : GameScreen { #region Fields ContentManager content; public static GameStates gamestate; private GraphicsDeviceManager graphics; public int screenWidth; public int screenHeight; private Texture2D backgroundTexture; private SpriteBatch spriteBatch; private Menu menu; private SpriteFont arial; private HUD hud; Animation player; // Creates a new intance, which is used in the HUD class public static GameplayScreen Instance; public GameplayScreen() { TransitionOnTime = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1.5); TransitionOffTime = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.5); } protected void Initialize() { lastScored = false; menu = new Menu(); resetTimer = 0; resetTimerInUse = true; ball = new Ball(content, new Vector2(screenWidth, screenHeight)); SetUpMulti(); input = new Input(); hud = new HUD(); // Places the powerup animation inside of the surrounding box // Needs to be cleaned up, instead of using hard pixel values player = new Animation(content.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/powerupSpriteSheet"), new Vector2(103, 44), 64, 64, 4, 5); // Used by for the Powerups random = new Random(); vec = new Vector2(100, 50); vec2 = new Vector2(100, 100); promptVec = new Vector2(50, 25); timer = 10000.0f; // Starting value for the cooldown for the powerup timer timerVector = new Vector2(10, 10); //JEP - one time creation of powerup objects playerOnePowerup = new Powerup(); playerOnePowerup.Activated += PowerupActivated; playerOnePowerup.Deactivated += PowerupDeactivated; playerTwoPowerup = new Powerup(); playerTwoPowerup.Activated += PowerupActivated; playerTwoPowerup.Deactivated += PowerupDeactivated; //JEP - moved from events since these only need set once activatedVec = new Vector2(100, 125); deactivatedVec = new Vector2(100, 150); powerupReady = false; }

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• Not getting desired results with SSAO implementation

  - by user1294203

  After having implemented deferred rendering, I tried my luck with a SSAO implementation using this Tutorial. Unfortunately, I'm not getting anything that looks like SSAO, you can see my result below. You can see there is some weird pattern forming and there is no occlusion shading where there needs to be (i.e. in between the objects and on the ground). The shaders I implemented follow: #VS #version 330 core uniform mat4 invProjMatrix; layout(location = 0) in vec3 in_Position; layout(location = 2) in vec2 in_TexCoord; noperspective out vec2 pass_TexCoord; smooth out vec3 viewRay; void main(void){ pass_TexCoord = in_TexCoord; viewRay = (invProjMatrix * vec4(in_Position, 1.0)).xyz; gl_Position = vec4(in_Position, 1.0); } #FS #version 330 core uniform sampler2D DepthMap; uniform sampler2D NormalMap; uniform sampler2D noise; uniform vec2 projAB; uniform ivec3 noiseScale_kernelSize; uniform vec3 kernel[16]; uniform float RADIUS; uniform mat4 projectionMatrix; noperspective in vec2 pass_TexCoord; smooth in vec3 viewRay; layout(location = 0) out float out_AO; vec3 CalcPosition(void){ float depth = texture(DepthMap, pass_TexCoord).r; float linearDepth = projAB.y / (depth - projAB.x); vec3 ray = normalize(viewRay); ray = ray / ray.z; return linearDepth * ray; } mat3 CalcRMatrix(vec3 normal, vec2 texcoord){ ivec2 noiseScale = noiseScale_kernelSize.xy; vec3 rvec = texture(noise, texcoord * noiseScale).xyz; vec3 tangent = normalize(rvec - normal * dot(rvec, normal)); vec3 bitangent = cross(normal, tangent); return mat3(tangent, bitangent, normal); } void main(void){ vec2 TexCoord = pass_TexCoord; vec3 Position = CalcPosition(); vec3 Normal = normalize(texture(NormalMap, TexCoord).xyz); mat3 RotationMatrix = CalcRMatrix(Normal, TexCoord); int kernelSize = noiseScale_kernelSize.z; float occlusion = 0.0; for(int i = 0; i < kernelSize; i++){ // Get sample position vec3 sample = RotationMatrix * kernel[i]; sample = sample * RADIUS + Position; // Project and bias sample position to get its texture coordinates vec4 offset = projectionMatrix * vec4(sample, 1.0); offset.xy /= offset.w; offset.xy = offset.xy * 0.5 + 0.5; // Get sample depth float sample_depth = texture(DepthMap, offset.xy).r; float linearDepth = projAB.y / (sample_depth - projAB.x); if(abs(Position.z - linearDepth ) < RADIUS){ occlusion += (linearDepth <= sample.z) ? 1.0 : 0.0; } } out_AO = 1.0 - (occlusion / kernelSize); } I draw a full screen quad and pass Depth and Normal textures. Normals are in RGBA16F with the alpha channel reserved for the AO factor in the blur pass. I store depth in a non linear Depth buffer (32F) and recover the linear depth using: float linearDepth = projAB.y / (depth - projAB.x); where projAB.y is calculated as: and projAB.x as: These are derived from the glm::perspective(gluperspective) matrix. z_n and z_f are the near and far clip distance. As described in the link I posted on the top, the method creates samples in a hemisphere with higher distribution close to the center. It then uses random vectors from a texture to rotate the hemisphere randomly around the Z direction and finally orients it along the normal at the given pixel. Since the result is noisy, a blur pass follows the SSAO pass. Anyway, my position reconstruction doesn't seem to be wrong since I also tried doing the same but with the position passed from a texture instead of being reconstructed. I also tried playing with the Radius, noise texture size and number of samples and with different kinds of texture formats, with no luck. For some reason when changing the Radius, nothing changes. Does anyone have any suggestions? What could be going wrong?

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• Android Bitmap : collision Detecting [on hold]

  - by user2505374

  I am writing an Android game right now and I would need some help in the collision of the wall on screen. When I drag the ball in the top and right it able to collide in wall but when I drag it faster it was able to overlap in the wall. public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) { int x = (int) event.getX(); int y = (int) event.getY(); switch (event.getAction()) { // if the player moves case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: { if (playerTouchRect.contains(x, y)) { boolean left = false; boolean right = false; boolean up = false; boolean down = false; boolean canMove = false; boolean foundFinish = false; if (x != pLastXPos) { if (x < pLastXPos) { left = true; } else { right = true; } pLastXPos = x; } if (y != pLastYPos) { if (y < pLastYPos) { up = true; } else { down = true; } pLastYPos = y; } plCellRect = getRectFromPos(x, y); newplRect.set(playerRect); newplRect.left = x - (int) (playerRect.width() / 2); newplRect.right = x + (int) (playerRect.width() / 2); newplRect.top = y - (int) (playerRect.height() / 2); newplRect.bottom = y + (int) (playerRect.height() / 2); int currentRow = 0; int currentCol = 0; currentRow = getRowFromYPos(newplRect.top); currentCol = getColFromXPos(newplRect.right); if(!canMove){ canMove = mapManager.getCurrentTile().pMaze[currentRow][currentCol] == Cell.wall; canMove =true; } finishTest = mapManager.getCurrentTile().pMaze[currentRow][currentCol]; foundA = finishTest == Cell.valueOf(letterNotGet + ""); canMove = mapManager.getCurrentTile().pMaze[currentRow][currentCol] != Cell.wall; canMove = (finishTest == Cell.floor || finishTest == Cell.pl) && canMove; if (canMove) { invalidate(); setTitle(); } if (foundA) { mapManager.getCurrentTile().pMaze[currentRow][currentCol] = Cell.floor; // finishTest letterGotten.add(letterNotGet); playCurrentLetter(); /*sounds.play(sExplosion, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0, 0, 1.5f);*/ foundS = letterNotGet == 's'; letterNotGet++; }if(foundS){ AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(mainActivity); builder.setTitle(mainActivity.getText(R.string.finished_title)); LayoutInflater inflater = mainActivity.getLayoutInflater(); View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.finish, null); builder.setView(view); View closeButton =view.findViewById(R.id.closeGame); closeButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View clicked) { if(clicked.getId() == R.id.closeGame) { mainActivity.finish(); } } }); AlertDialog finishDialog = builder.create(); finishDialog.show(); } else { Log.d(TAG, "INFO: updated player position"); playerRect.set(newplRect); setTouchZone(); updatePlayerCell(); } } // end of (CASE) if playerTouch break; } // end of (SWITCH) Case motion }//end of Switch return true; }//end of TouchEvent private void finish() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } public int getColFromXPos(int xPos) { val = xPos / (pvWidth / mapManager.getCurrentTile().pCols); if (val == mapManager.getCurrentTile().pCols) { val = mapManager.getCurrentTile().pCols - 1; } return val; } /** * Given a y pixel position, return the row of the cell it is in This is * used when determining the type of adjacent Cells. * * @param yPos * y position in pixels * @return The cell this position is in */ public int getRowFromYPos(int yPos) { val = yPos / (pvHeight / mapManager.getCurrentTile().pRows); if (val == mapManager.getCurrentTile().pRows) { val = mapManager.getCurrentTile().pRows - 1; } return val; } /** * When preserving the position we need to know which cell the player is in, * so calculate it from the centre on its Rect */ public void updatePlayerCell() { plCell.x = (playerRect.left + (playerRect.width() / 2)) / (pvWidth / mapManager.getCurrentTile().pCols); plCell.y = (playerRect.top + (playerRect.height() / 2)) / (pvHeight / mapManager.getCurrentTile().pRows); if (mapManager.getCurrentTile().pMaze[plCell.y][plCell.x] == Cell.floor) { for (int row = 0; row < mapManager.getCurrentTile().pRows; row++) { for (int col = 0; col < mapManager.getCurrentTile().pCols; col++) { if (mapManager.getCurrentTile().pMaze[row][col] == Cell.pl) { mapManager.getCurrentTile().pMaze[row][col] = Cell.floor; break; } } } mapManager.getCurrentTile().pMaze[plCell.y][plCell.x] = Cell.pl; } } public Rect getRectFromPos(int x, int y) { calcCell.left = ((x / cellWidth) + 0) * cellWidth; calcCell.right = calcCell.left + cellWidth; calcCell.top = ((y / cellHeight) + 0) * cellHeight; calcCell.bottom = calcCell.top + cellHeight; Log.d(TAG, "Rect: " + calcCell + " Player: " + playerRect); return calcCell; } public void setPlayerRect(Rect newplRect) { playerRect.set(newplRect); } private void setTouchZone() { playerTouchRect.set( playerRect.left - playerRect.width() / TOUCH_ZONE, playerRect.top - playerRect.height() / TOUCH_ZONE, playerRect.right + playerRect.width() / TOUCH_ZONE, playerRect.bottom + playerRect.height() / TOUCH_ZONE); } public Rect getPlayerRect() { return playerRect; } public Point getPlayerCell() { return plCell; } public void setPlayerCell(Point cell) { plCell = cell; }

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