stream cipher - Page 78

CodePlex Daily Summary for Tuesday, December 28, 2010

CodePlex Daily Summary for Tuesday, December 28, 2010Popular ReleasesMonitorWang: MonitorWang v1.0.5 (Growler): What's new?Added Growl Notification Finalisers - these are interceptor components that work exclusively with the Growl Publisher. These allow you to modify the Growl Notification just prior to it being sent by the publisher. You can inject custom logic to precisely control how the Growl Notification will appear; this includes changing the Growl Priority level and message text. I've created to two Growl Notification Finalisers - one allows you to change the Growl Notification Priorty based on ...Catel - WPF and Silverlight MVVM library: 1.0.0: And there it is, the final release of Catel, and it is no longer a beta version!Multicore Task Framework: MTF 1.0.2: Release 1.0.2 of Multicore Task Framework.EnhSim: EnhSim 2.2.7 ALPHA: 2.2.7 ALPHAThis release supports WoW patch 4.03a at level 85 To use this release, you must have the Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 Redistributable Package installed. This can be downloaded from http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/en/details.aspx?FamilyID=A7B7A05E-6DE6-4D3A-A423-37BF0912DB84 To use the GUI you must have the .NET 4.0 Framework installed. This can be downloaded from http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/en/details.aspx?FamilyID=9cfb2d51-5ff4-4491-b0e5-b386f32c0992 - Mongoose has bee...LINQ to Twitter: LINQ to Twitter Beta v2.0.19: Mono 2.8, Silverlight, OAuth, 100% Twitter API coverage, streaming, extensibility via Raw Queries, and added documentation. Bug fixes.Hammock for REST: Hammock v1.1.4: v1.1.4 ChangesOAuth fixes for post content handling, encoding, and url parameter doubling v1.1.3 ChangesAdded an event handler for use with retries Made improvements to OAuth for performance, plus additional fixes Added OAuth token refresh support Fixed memory leak in content streaming, and regression issue with async GET call response handling v1.1.2 ChangesAdded OAuth Echo native support and static helper methods on OAuthCredentials Fixes for multi-part stream writing and recovery...Rocket Framework (.Net 4.0): Rocket Framework for Windows V 1.0.0: Architecture is reviewed and adjusted in a way so that I can introduce the Web version and WPF version of this framework next. - Rocket.Core is introduced - Controller button functions revisited and updated - DB is renewed to suite the implemented features - Create New button functionality is changed - Add Question Handling featuresFxCop Integrator for Visual Studio 2010: FxCop Integrtor 1.1.0: New FeatureSearch violation information FxCop Integrator provides the violation search feature. You can find out specific violation information by simple search expression.Analyze with FxCop project file FxCop Integrator supports code analysis with FxCop project file. You can customize code analysis behavior (e.g. analyze specifid types only, use specific rules only, and so on). ImprovementImproved the code analysis result list to show more information (added Proejct and File column). Change...NoSimplerAccounting: NoSimplerAccounting 6.0: -Fixed a bug in expense category report.NHibernate Mapping Generator: NHibernate Mapping Generator 2.0: Added support for Postgres (Thanks to Angelo)NewLife XCode: XCode v6.5.2010.1223 ????（????v3.5??）: XCode v6.5.2010.1223 ????，??： NewLife.Core ??? NewLife.Net ??? XControl ??? XTemplate ????，??C#?????? XAgent ???? NewLife.CommonEnitty ??????（???，XCode??????） XCode?? ?????????，??????????????????，?????95% XCode v3.5.2009.0714 ??，?v3.5?v6.0???????????????，?????????。v3.5???????????，??????????????。 XCoder ??XTemplate?????????，????????XCode??? XCoder_Src ???????（????XTemplate????），??????????????????MiniTwitter: 1.64: MiniTwitter 1.64 ???? ?? 1.63 ??? URL ??????????????VivoSocial: VivoSocial 7.4.0: Please see changes: http://support.vivoware.com/project/ChangeLog.aspx?PROJID=48Umbraco CMS: Umbraco 4.6 Beta - codename JUNO: The Umbraco 4.6 beta (codename JUNO) release contains many new features focusing on an improved installation experience, a number of robust developer features, and contains more than 89 bug fixes since the 4.5.2 release. Improved installer experience Updated Starter Kits (Simple, Blog, Personal, Business) Beautiful, free, customizable skins included Skinning engine and Skin customization (see Skinning Documentation Kit) Default dashboards on install with hide option Updated Login t...SSH.NET Library: 2010.12.23: This release includes some bug fixes and few new fetures. Fixes Allow to retrieve big directory structures ssh-dss algorithm is fixed Populate sftp file attributes New Features Support for passhrase when private key is used Support added for diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256 and diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1 key exchange algorithms Allow to provide multiple key files for authentication Add support for "keyboard-interactive" authentication method...ASP.NET MVC SiteMap provider: MvcSiteMapProvider 2.3.0: Using NuGet?MvcSiteMapProvider is also listed in the NuGet feed. Learn more... Like the project? Consider a donation!Donate via PayPal via PayPal. Release notesThis will be the last release targeting ASP.NET MVC 2 and .NET 3.5. MvcSiteMapProvider 3.0.0 will be targeting ASP.NET MVC 3 and .NET 4 Web.config setting skipAssemblyScanOn has been deprecated in favor of excludeAssembliesForScan and includeAssembliesForScan ISiteMapNodeUrlResolver is now completely responsible for generating th...Media Companion: Media Companion 3.400: Extract the entire archive to a folder which has user access rights, eg desktop, documents etc. A manual is included to get you startedWindows Media Player GNTP Plugin: WMP-GNTP v1.0.5: This is the installer for WMP-GNTP. Install it to get the plugin on your system.Google Geo Kit: Static Google Map WinForm Control Nightly Build: 12/22/2010 MD5sum - b8118c9970d6dc9480fe7c41f042537f add event OnGMapNotDefined. When anything went wrong in StaticGmap internally and return null stream, this event will be firedSilverlight Sockets Sample: No binaries: Whole source code in a ZIP. Shame 'Source Code' tab isn't working, so I'll just upload a ZIP.New ProjectsAsfMojo: AsfMojo is an open source .NET ASF parsing library, providing support for parsing WMA audio and WMV video files. It offers classes to create streams from packet data within a media file, gather file statistics and extract audio segments or frame accurate still frames.asp.net ajax file manager: Features : Full Ajax Support security View Image Create folder Delete file & folder Copy file & folder Move file & folder multiple selection ( Ctrl + Select ) Easy installation and configuration Open source. compatible IE7,IE8,FF,Safari,Chrome http://www.filemanager.3ntar.netBoxNet: BoxNet is a opensource library which will provide possibility for Windows Phone 7 developers to integrate with DropBox.C# Sqlite For WP7: C# Sqlite Port for Windows phone 7 and possibly Silverlight 3, 4. The core engine was slightly modified to be used with IsolatedStorage and SqliteClient were ported by using missing codes from Mono project in order to maximize usability and portability from desktop.Comparison of Managed Compression Algorithms: Visual Studio 2010 Console Test Harness with samples of MiniLZO, QuickLz, SharpZipLib, iRolz and other managed compression classes. Tests compression of a 2MB Word file and shows timings. Useful in deciding what type of compression to use. Developers can easily add their own.Cypher Bot 2011: Cypher Bot 2011 Brings the word cipher to a whole new level. You can now easily open, save, print, and send ciphers. Make a short message or completly encrypt a document. The cipher is impossible to figure out unless you have the keyword and algorithm to solve it! Try it out!Directed Graph for .NET: This project presents a simple directed graph implementation for the .NET framework using C# language.DynamicAccess: DynamicAccess is a library to aid connecting DLR languages such as ironpython and ironruby to non-dynamic languages like managed C++. It also fills in some gaps in the current C# support of dynamic objects, such as member access by string and deletion of members or indexes.Euro for Windows XP: A simple tool and sample to change Estonian currency from Estonian Krone (kr) to Euro (€). Applies to all versions of Windows and from .NET 2.0 which is default build. The sample creates a custom locale and updates existing users through Registry.Excel PowerShell Console: An Excel AddIn to enable using PowerShell for Excel automation.fantastic: fantasticGomarket Toolbar: GoMarket FireFox toolbarjs: jsLiving Agile's Common Framework: This project is a collection of commonly used routines here at Living Agile. There are a lot of helpful extension methods, logging, configuration and threading utilities. All other Living Agile projects have a dependency on this project.MapWindow 4: MapWindow4 is a free windows GIS application and uses an ActiveX control at it's core that can be embedded into many applications that don't support .Net such as excel, access, visual basic 6, or other pre-.Net languages.Mdelete API: Delete all files and directores in windows shell. Support long path (less then 32000 chars) and network path (eg. \\server\share or \\127.0.0.1\share)OP-Code SyntaxEditor: OP-Code SyntaxEditor is a Windows Forms Control, similar to a multi-line TextBox, which syntax highlights text and provides some features for code editing.passion: passionSharpHighlighter: SharpHighlighter is an extension for Visual Studio; a fairly simple code highlighter for C# I made it for anyone who wants to download and learn how to create is own parser or Syntax Highlighter. This sample will highlight only C# classes and structs but it's quite extensible.Test Center Locator: Test center locator makes it easier to find closest toefl or Ielts test center

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Config import on network-manager-openvpn

- by Toki Tahmid

I'm trying to use a free service using the OpenVPN protocol using OpenVPN's GUI module in the network manager. The config worked perfectly well as .ovpn on Windows. The behavior in Windows is such that I ran OpenVPN GUI and chose to connect to this particular VPN. It would then show the activity in the attempt to connect and opens a dialog box for username/password authentication. I've successfully imported all the configurations by changing the file type to .conf and using the import feature in network manager. However, attempting to connect would simply display the network manager's attempting to connect animation, but ultimately end with a notification of connection timing out. No prompt asking for authentication would appear at all, nor can I find any feature to prefix the authentication details. client dev tun proto tcp remote miami.proxpn.com 443 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca ca.crt cert client.crt key client.key cipher BF-CBC keysize 512 comp-lzo verb 4 mute 5 tun-mtu 1500 mssfix 1450 auth-user-pass reneg-sec 0 # If you are connecting through an # HTTP proxy to reach the actual OpenVPN # server, put the proxy server/IP and # port number here. See the man page # if your proxy server requires # authentication. ;http-proxy-retry # retry on connection failures ;http-proxy [proxy server] [proxy port #] Needless to say, but I've downloaded all the required packages for setting up OpenVPN connections. By the way, as you can see above, .key and .crt files location are specified to be in the same directory as the config file. After importing the config file, if were to remove them, would it cause any problem? Note, I haven't removed them, so the problem I'm facing is not due to the absence of these files.

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In c-panel mail goes in spam instead of inbox in gmail

- by Robin Jain

I have c-panel vps server I have create a domain in the same server but when I sent a mail through webmail to gmail email id it goes into spam. Note--->Mail ip note blacklisted Spf records enable DKIM enable reverse dns are perfect ====================================================================== Email header Information: Delivered-To: [email protected] Received: by 10.143.93.13 with SMTP id v13csp119806wfl; Fri, 6 Jul 2012 08:01:36 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.182.52.42 with SMTP id q10mr26133912obo.46.1341586895571; Fri, 06 Jul 2012 08:01:35 -0700 (PDT) Return-Path: <[email protected]> Received: from lakshyacs-u.securehostdns.com ([50.97.147.134]) by mx.google.com with ESMTPS id fx3si18028369obc.144.2012.07.06.08.01.35 (version=TLSv1/SSLv3 cipher=OTHER); Fri, 06 Jul 2012 08:01:35 -0700 (PDT) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of [email protected] designates 50.97.147.134 as permitted sender) client-ip=50.97.147.134; Authentication-Results: mx.google.com; spf=pass (google.com: domain of [email protected] designates 50.97.147.134 as permitted sender) [email protected] Received: from localhost.localdomain ([127.0.0.1]:39016 helo=harishjoshico.com) by lakshyacs-u.securehostdns.com with esmtpa (Exim 4.77) (envelope-from <[email protected]>) id 1SnA2J-0006Nq-05 for [email protected]; Fri, 06 Jul 2012 20:31:35 +0530 Received: from 223.189.14.213 ([223.189.14.213]) (SquirrelMail authenticated user [email protected]) by harishjoshico.com with HTTP; Fri, 6 Jul 2012 20:31:35 +0530 Message-ID: <[email protected]> Date: Fri, 6 Jul 2012 20:31:35 +0530 Subject: ggglkhl From: [email protected] To: [email protected] User-Agent: SquirrelMail/1.4.22 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain;charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-Priority: 3 (Normal) Importance: Normal X-AntiAbuse: This header was added to track abuse, please include it with any abuse report X-AntiAbuse: Primary Hostname - lakshyacs-u.securehostdns.com X-AntiAbuse: Original Domain - gmail.com X-AntiAbuse: Originator/Caller UID/GID - [47 12] / [47 12] X-AntiAbuse: Sender Address Domain - harishjoshico.com jhkhl ================================================================

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Cryptswap boot error - can't mount?

- by woody

I believe i have my swap set up but am not sure because on start up it says that it is something along the lines of "could not mount /dev/mapper/cryptswap1 M for manual S for skip". But it appears to be mounted? I have already tried this solution with no success. When i run free -m the output is: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3887 769 3117 0 54 348 -/+ buffers/cache: 366 3520 Swap: 4026 0 4026 and sudo bklid is: /dev/sda1: UUID="9fb3ccd6-3732-4989-bfa4-e943a09f1153" TYPE="ext4" /dev/mapper/cryptswap1: UUID="bd9fe154-8621-48b3-95d2-ae5c91f373fd" TYPE="swap" and cat /etc/crypttab is: cryptswap1 /dev/sda5 /dev/urandom swap,cipher=aes-cbc-essiv:sha256 my /etc/fstab is: # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 # / was on /dev/sda1 during installation UUID=9fb3ccd6-3732-4989-bfa4-e943a09f1153 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation #UUID=bb0e378e-8742-435a-beda-ae7788a7c1b0 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/mapper/cryptswap1 none swap sw 0 0 cat /proc/swaps output is: Filename Type Size Used Priority /dev/dm-0 partition 4123644 0 -1 Is my swap not setup correctly or how can i fix my boot message?

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Cryptswap not mounted?

- by woody

I believe i have my swap set up but am not sure because on start up it says that it is something along the lines of "could not mount /dev/mapper/cryptswap1 M for manual S for skip". But it appears to be mounted. When i run free -m the output is: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3887 769 3117 0 54 348 -/+ buffers/cache: 366 3520 Swap: 4026 0 4026 and sudo bklid is: /dev/sda1: UUID="9fb3ccd6-3732-4989-bfa4-e943a09f1153" TYPE="ext4" /dev/mapper/cryptswap1: UUID="bd9fe154-8621-48b3-95d2-ae5c91f373fd" TYPE="swap" and cat /etc/crypttab is: cryptswap1 /dev/sda5 /dev/urandom swap,cipher=aes-cbc-essiv:sha256 my /etc/fstab is: # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 # / was on /dev/sda1 during installation UUID=9fb3ccd6-3732-4989-bfa4-e943a09f1153 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation #UUID=bb0e378e-8742-435a-beda-ae7788a7c1b0 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/mapper/cryptswap1 none swap sw 0 0 The file /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/com.ubuntu.enable-hibernate.pkla already exists and its contents are: [Re-enable hibernate by default] Identity=unix-user:* Action=org.freedesktop.upower.hibernate ResultActive=yes Is my swap not setup correctly or is it not mounting?

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C# creating a queue to handle jobs triggered by FileSystemWatcher

- by John S

I have built a small tray app that will watch a folder and when a new file is added it runs a job. The job is to watch for video files and convert them to .mp4 using handBrakeCli. I have all this logic worked out. The problem I run into is that if there is more than one file I want it to queue the job til the prior one is complete. I am fairly new to c# and I am not sure of the best way to handle this. one idea is to create a queue somehow, a file to store the commands in order maybe, then execute the next one after the process is complete. We are dealing with large movie files here so it can take a while. I am doing this on a quad core with 8gb of RAM and it seems to generally take about 30mins to complete a full length movie. here is the code I have so far. there are some bits in here that are for future functionality so it refers to some classes that you wont see but it doesnt matter as they arent used here. any suggestions are welcome. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.IO; using System.Diagnostics; using System.Threading; namespace movie_converter { public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } string hbCli; string cmd; string file; string strfilter = "*.*"; string[] filter = new string[3] { ".mkv", ".avi", ".wmv" }; //static list of types List<string> Ext = new List<string>(); //list of extensions to watch (dynamic) NotifyIcon notifyIcon = new System.Windows.Forms.NotifyIcon(); private void SetUpTrayIcon() { notifyIcon.BalloonTipText = "Movie Converter is running minimized."; notifyIcon.BalloonTipTitle = "I'm still here"; notifyIcon.Text = "John's movie converter"; notifyIcon.Icon = new Icon(@"C:\\Users\\John\\Pictures\\appicon.ico"); notifyIcon.Click += new EventHandler(notifyIcon_Click); if (notifyIcon != null) { notifyIcon.Visible = true; notifyIcon.ShowBalloonTip(2000); } } private void Form_Resize(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (WindowState == FormWindowState.Minimized) { this.Hide(); SetUpTrayIcon(); } } private void notifyIcon_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { this.Show(); this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Normal; notifyIcon.Visible = false; } public void Watcher() { FileSystemWatcher watcher = new FileSystemWatcher(); watcher.Path = textBox1.Text + "\\"; //path to watch watcher.Filter = strfilter; //what types to look for set to * and i will filter later as it cant accept an array watcher.NotifyFilter = NotifyFilters.FileName | NotifyFilters.DirectoryName; //properties to look at watcher.IncludeSubdirectories = true; //scan subdirs watcher.Created += new FileSystemEventHandler(OnChanged); //TODO: make this only run if the files are of a certain type watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = true; // start the watcher } static bool IsFileLocked(FileInfo file) { FileStream stream = null; try { stream = file.Open(FileMode.Open, FileAccess.ReadWrite, FileShare.None); } catch (IOException) { //the file is unavailable because it is: //still being written to //or being processed by another thread //or does not exist (has already been processed) return true; } finally { if (stream != null) stream.Close(); } //file is not locked return false; } // Define the event handlers. private void OnChanged(object source, FileSystemEventArgs e) { string sFile = e.FullPath; //check that file is available FileInfo fileInfo = new FileInfo(sFile); while (IsFileLocked(fileInfo)) { Thread.Sleep(500); } if (System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcessesByName("HandBrakeCLI").Length != 0) { Thread.Sleep(500); } else { //hbOptions hbCl = new hbOptions(); //hbCli = hbCl.HbCliOptions(); if (textBox3.Text != "") { hbCli = textBox3.Text.ToString(); } else { hbCli = "-e x264 -q 20 -B 160"; } string t = e.Name; string s = t.Substring(0, t.Length - 4); //TODO: fix this its not reliable file = e.FullPath; string opath = textBox1.Text.ToString(); cmd = "-i \"" + file + "\" -o \"" + opath + "\\" + s + ".mp4\" " + hbCli; try { for (int i = 0; i < Ext.Count(); i++) { if (e.Name.Contains(Ext[i])) { Process hb = new Process(); hb.StartInfo.FileName = "D:\\Apps\\Handbrake\\Install\\Handbrake\\HandBrakeCLI.exe"; hb.StartInfo.Arguments = cmd; notifyIcon.BalloonTipTitle = "Now Converting"; notifyIcon.BalloonTipText = file; notifyIcon.ShowBalloonTip(2000); hb.Start(); } } } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message); } } } private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) //ok button { //add each array item to the list for (int i = 0; i < filter.Count(); i++) { Ext.Add(filter[i]); } if (textBox1.Text != "" && textBox1.Text.Length > 2) { Watcher(); //call watcher to run } this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Minimized; } private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) //browse button { //broswe button DialogResult result = folderBrowserDialog1.ShowDialog(); if (result == DialogResult.OK) { textBox1.Text = folderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath; } } private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) //commands button { Process np = new Process(); np.StartInfo.FileName = "notepad.exe"; np.StartInfo.Arguments = "hbCLI.txt"; np.Start(); } private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) //options button { hbOptions options = new hbOptions(); options.ShowDialog(); } private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) //exit button { this.Close(); } private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { this.Resize += Form_Resize; } } }

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Implementation of ZipCrypto / Zip 2.0 encryption in java

- by gomesla

I'm trying o implement the zipcrypto / zip 2.0 encryption algoritm to deal with encrypted zip files as discussed in http://www.pkware.com/documents/casestudies/APPNOTE.TXT I believe I've followed the specs but just can't seem to get it working. I'm fairly sure the issue has to do with my interpretation of the crc algorithm. The documentation states CRC-32: (4 bytes) The CRC-32 algorithm was generously contributed by David Schwaderer and can be found in his excellent book "C Programmers Guide to NetBIOS" published by Howard W. Sams & Co. Inc. The 'magic number' for the CRC is 0xdebb20e3. The proper CRC pre and post conditioning is used, meaning that the CRC register is pre-conditioned with all ones (a starting value of 0xffffffff) and the value is post-conditioned by taking the one's complement of the CRC residual. Here is the snippet that I'm using for the crc32 public class PKZIPCRC32 { private static final int CRC32_POLYNOMIAL = 0xdebb20e3; private int crc = 0xffffffff; private int CRCTable[]; public PKZIPCRC32() { buildCRCTable(); } private void buildCRCTable() { int i, j; CRCTable = new int[256]; for (i = 0; i <= 255; i++) { crc = i; for (j = 8; j > 0; j--) if ((crc & 1) == 1) crc = (crc >>> 1) ^ CRC32_POLYNOMIAL; else crc >>>= 1; CRCTable[i] = crc; } } private int crc32(byte buffer[], int start, int count, int lastcrc) { int temp1, temp2; int i = start; crc = lastcrc; while (count-- != 0) { temp1 = crc >>> 8; temp2 = CRCTable[(crc ^ buffer[i++]) & 0xFF]; crc = temp1 ^ temp2; } return crc; } public int crc32(int crc, byte buffer) { return crc32(new byte[] { buffer }, 0, 1, crc); } } Below is my complete code. Can anyone see what I'm doing wrong. package org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.zip; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; public class ZipCryptoInputStream extends InputStream { public class PKZIPCRC32 { private static final int CRC32_POLYNOMIAL = 0xdebb20e3; private int crc = 0xffffffff; private int CRCTable[]; public PKZIPCRC32() { buildCRCTable(); } private void buildCRCTable() { int i, j; CRCTable = new int[256]; for (i = 0; i <= 255; i++) { crc = i; for (j = 8; j > 0; j--) if ((crc & 1) == 1) crc = (crc >>> 1) ^ CRC32_POLYNOMIAL; else crc >>>= 1; CRCTable[i] = crc; } } private int crc32(byte buffer[], int start, int count, int lastcrc) { int temp1, temp2; int i = start; crc = lastcrc; while (count-- != 0) { temp1 = crc >>> 8; temp2 = CRCTable[(crc ^ buffer[i++]) & 0xFF]; crc = temp1 ^ temp2; } return crc; } public int crc32(int crc, byte buffer) { return crc32(new byte[] { buffer }, 0, 1, crc); } } private static final long ENCRYPTION_KEY_1 = 0x12345678; private static final long ENCRYPTION_KEY_2 = 0x23456789; private static final long ENCRYPTION_KEY_3 = 0x34567890; private InputStream baseInputStream = null; private final PKZIPCRC32 checksumEngine = new PKZIPCRC32(); private long[] keys = null; public ZipCryptoInputStream(ZipArchiveEntry zipEntry, InputStream inputStream, String passwd) throws Exception { baseInputStream = inputStream; // Decryption // ---------- // PKZIP encrypts the compressed data stream. Encrypted files must // be decrypted before they can be extracted. // // Each encrypted file has an extra 12 bytes stored at the start of // the data area defining the encryption header for that file. The // encryption header is originally set to random values, and then // itself encrypted, using three, 32-bit keys. The key values are // initialized using the supplied encryption password. After each byte // is encrypted, the keys are then updated using pseudo-random number // generation techniques in combination with the same CRC-32 algorithm // used in PKZIP and described elsewhere in this document. // // The following is the basic steps required to decrypt a file: // // 1) Initialize the three 32-bit keys with the password. // 2) Read and decrypt the 12-byte encryption header, further // initializing the encryption keys. // 3) Read and decrypt the compressed data stream using the // encryption keys. // Step 1 - Initializing the encryption keys // ----------------------------------------- // // Key(0) <- 305419896 // Key(1) <- 591751049 // Key(2) <- 878082192 // // loop for i <- 0 to length(password)-1 // update_keys(password(i)) // end loop // // Where update_keys() is defined as: // // update_keys(char): // Key(0) <- crc32(key(0),char) // Key(1) <- Key(1) + (Key(0) & 000000ffH) // Key(1) <- Key(1) * 134775813 + 1 // Key(2) <- crc32(key(2),key(1) >> 24) // end update_keys // // Where crc32(old_crc,char) is a routine that given a CRC value and a // character, returns an updated CRC value after applying the CRC-32 // algorithm described elsewhere in this document. keys = new long[] { ENCRYPTION_KEY_1, ENCRYPTION_KEY_2, ENCRYPTION_KEY_3 }; for (int i = 0; i < passwd.length(); ++i) { update_keys((byte) passwd.charAt(i)); } // Step 2 - Decrypting the encryption header // ----------------------------------------- // // The purpose of this step is to further initialize the encryption // keys, based on random data, to render a plaintext attack on the // data ineffective. // // Read the 12-byte encryption header into Buffer, in locations // Buffer(0) thru Buffer(11). // // loop for i <- 0 to 11 // C <- buffer(i) ^ decrypt_byte() // update_keys(C) // buffer(i) <- C // end loop // // Where decrypt_byte() is defined as: // // unsigned char decrypt_byte() // local unsigned short temp // temp <- Key(2) | 2 // decrypt_byte <- (temp * (temp ^ 1)) >> 8 // end decrypt_byte // // After the header is decrypted, the last 1 or 2 bytes in Buffer // should be the high-order word/byte of the CRC for the file being // decrypted, stored in Intel low-byte/high-byte order. Versions of // PKZIP prior to 2.0 used a 2 byte CRC check; a 1 byte CRC check is // used on versions after 2.0. This can be used to test if the password // supplied is correct or not. byte[] encryptionHeader = new byte[12]; baseInputStream.read(encryptionHeader); for (int i = 0; i < encryptionHeader.length; i++) { encryptionHeader[i] ^= decrypt_byte(); update_keys(encryptionHeader[i]); } } protected byte decrypt_byte() { byte temp = (byte) (keys[2] | 2); return (byte) ((temp * (temp ^ 1)) >> 8); } @Override public int read() throws IOException { // // Step 3 - Decrypting the compressed data stream // ---------------------------------------------- // // The compressed data stream can be decrypted as follows: // // loop until done // read a character into C // Temp <- C ^ decrypt_byte() // update_keys(temp) // output Temp // end loop int read = baseInputStream.read(); read ^= decrypt_byte(); update_keys((byte) read); return read; } private final void update_keys(byte ch) { keys[0] = checksumEngine.crc32((int) keys[0], ch); keys[1] = keys[1] + (byte) keys[0]; keys[1] = keys[1] * 134775813 + 1; keys[2] = checksumEngine.crc32((int) keys[2], (byte) (keys[1] >> 24)); } }

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.NET file Decryption - Bad Data

- by Jon

I am in the process of rewriting an old application. The old app stored data in a scoreboard file that was encrypted with the following code: private const String SSecretKey = @"?B?n?Mj?"; public DataTable GetScoreboardFromFile() { FileInfo f = new FileInfo(scoreBoardLocation); if (!f.Exists) { return setupNewScoreBoard(); } DESCryptoServiceProvider DES = new DESCryptoServiceProvider(); //A 64 bit key and IV is required for this provider. //Set secret key For DES algorithm. DES.Key = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(SSecretKey); //Set initialization vector. DES.IV = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(SSecretKey); //Create a file stream to read the encrypted file back. FileStream fsread = new FileStream(scoreBoardLocation, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); //Create a DES decryptor from the DES instance. ICryptoTransform desdecrypt = DES.CreateDecryptor(); //Create crypto stream set to read and do a //DES decryption transform on incoming bytes. CryptoStream cryptostreamDecr = new CryptoStream(fsread, desdecrypt, CryptoStreamMode.Read); DataTable dTable = new DataTable("scoreboard"); dTable.ReadXml(new StreamReader(cryptostreamDecr)); cryptostreamDecr.Close(); fsread.Close(); return dTable; } This works fine. I have copied the code into my new app so that I can create a legacy loader and convert the data into the new format. The problem is I get a "Bad Data" error: System.Security.Cryptography.CryptographicException was unhandled Message="Bad Data.\r\n" Source="mscorlib" The error fires at this line: dTable.ReadXml(new StreamReader(cryptostreamDecr)); The encrypted file was created today on the same machine with the old code. I guess that maybe the encryption / decryption process uses the application name / file or something and therefore means I can not open it. Does anyone have an idea as to: A) Be able explain why this isn't working? B) Offer a solution that would allow me to be able to open files that were created with the legacy application and be able to convert them please? Here is the whole class that deals with loading and saving the scoreboard: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.Security.Cryptography; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.IO; using System.Data; using System.Xml; using System.Threading; namespace JawBreaker { [Serializable] class ScoreBoardLoader { private Jawbreaker jawbreaker; private String sSecretKey = @"?B?n?Mj?"; private String scoreBoardFileLocation = ""; private bool keepScoreBoardUpdated = true; private int intTimer = 180000; public ScoreBoardLoader(Jawbreaker jawbreaker, String scoreBoardFileLocation) { this.jawbreaker = jawbreaker; this.scoreBoardFileLocation = scoreBoardFileLocation; } // Call this function to remove the key from memory after use for security [System.Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("KERNEL32.DLL", EntryPoint = "RtlZeroMemory")] public static extern bool ZeroMemory(IntPtr Destination, int Length); // Function to Generate a 64 bits Key. private string GenerateKey() { // Create an instance of Symetric Algorithm. Key and IV is generated automatically. DESCryptoServiceProvider desCrypto = (DESCryptoServiceProvider)DESCryptoServiceProvider.Create(); // Use the Automatically generated key for Encryption. return ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetString(desCrypto.Key); } public void writeScoreboardToFile() { DataTable tempScoreBoard = getScoreboardFromFile(); //add in the new scores to the end of the file. for (int i = 0; i < jawbreaker.Scoreboard.Rows.Count; i++) { DataRow row = tempScoreBoard.NewRow(); row.ItemArray = jawbreaker.Scoreboard.Rows[i].ItemArray; tempScoreBoard.Rows.Add(row); } //before it is written back to the file make sure we update the sync info if (jawbreaker.SyncScoreboard) { //connect to webservice, login and update all the scores that have not been synced. for (int i = 0; i < tempScoreBoard.Rows.Count; i++) { try { //check to see if that row has been synced to the server if (!Boolean.Parse(tempScoreBoard.Rows[i].ItemArray[7].ToString())) { //sync info to server //update the row to say that it has been updated object[] tempArray = tempScoreBoard.Rows[i].ItemArray; tempArray[7] = true; tempScoreBoard.Rows[i].ItemArray = tempArray; tempScoreBoard.AcceptChanges(); } } catch (Exception ex) { jawbreaker.writeErrorToLog("ERROR OCCURED DURING SYNC TO SERVER UPDATE: " + ex.Message); } } } FileStream fsEncrypted = new FileStream(scoreBoardFileLocation, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write); DESCryptoServiceProvider DES = new DESCryptoServiceProvider(); DES.Key = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sSecretKey); DES.IV = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sSecretKey); ICryptoTransform desencrypt = DES.CreateEncryptor(); CryptoStream cryptostream = new CryptoStream(fsEncrypted, desencrypt, CryptoStreamMode.Write); MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); tempScoreBoard.WriteXml(ms, XmlWriteMode.WriteSchema); ms.Position = 0; byte[] bitarray = new byte[ms.Length]; ms.Read(bitarray, 0, bitarray.Length); cryptostream.Write(bitarray, 0, bitarray.Length); cryptostream.Close(); ms.Close(); //now the scores have been added to the file remove them from the datatable jawbreaker.Scoreboard.Rows.Clear(); } public void startPeriodicScoreboardWriteToFile() { while (keepScoreBoardUpdated) { //three minute sleep. Thread.Sleep(intTimer); writeScoreboardToFile(); } } public void stopPeriodicScoreboardWriteToFile() { keepScoreBoardUpdated = false; } public int IntTimer { get { return intTimer; } set { intTimer = value; } } public DataTable getScoreboardFromFile() { FileInfo f = new FileInfo(scoreBoardFileLocation); if (!f.Exists) { jawbreaker.writeInfoToLog("Scoreboard not there so creating new one"); return setupNewScoreBoard(); } else { DESCryptoServiceProvider DES = new DESCryptoServiceProvider(); //A 64 bit key and IV is required for this provider. //Set secret key For DES algorithm. DES.Key = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sSecretKey); //Set initialization vector. DES.IV = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sSecretKey); //Create a file stream to read the encrypted file back. FileStream fsread = new FileStream(scoreBoardFileLocation, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); //Create a DES decryptor from the DES instance. ICryptoTransform desdecrypt = DES.CreateDecryptor(); //Create crypto stream set to read and do a //DES decryption transform on incoming bytes. CryptoStream cryptostreamDecr = new CryptoStream(fsread, desdecrypt, CryptoStreamMode.Read); DataTable dTable = new DataTable("scoreboard"); dTable.ReadXml(new StreamReader(cryptostreamDecr)); cryptostreamDecr.Close(); fsread.Close(); return dTable; } } public DataTable setupNewScoreBoard() { //scoreboard info into dataset DataTable scoreboard = new DataTable("scoreboard"); scoreboard.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("playername", System.Type.GetType("System.String"))); scoreboard.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("score", System.Type.GetType("System.Int32"))); scoreboard.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("ballnumber", System.Type.GetType("System.Int32"))); scoreboard.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("xsize", System.Type.GetType("System.Int32"))); scoreboard.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("ysize", System.Type.GetType("System.Int32"))); scoreboard.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("gametype", System.Type.GetType("System.String"))); scoreboard.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("date", System.Type.GetType("System.DateTime"))); scoreboard.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("synced", System.Type.GetType("System.Boolean"))); scoreboard.AcceptChanges(); return scoreboard; } private void Run() { // For additional security Pin the key. GCHandle gch = GCHandle.Alloc(sSecretKey, GCHandleType.Pinned); // Remove the Key from memory. ZeroMemory(gch.AddrOfPinnedObject(), sSecretKey.Length * 2); gch.Free(); } } }

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Communicating between C# application and Android app via bluetooth

- by Akki

The android application acts as a server in this case. I have a main activity which creates a Thread to handle serverSocket and a different thread to handle the socket connection. I am using a uuid common to C# and android. I am using 32feet bluetooth library for C#. The errors i am facing are 1) My logcat shows this debug log Error while doing socket.connect()1 java.io.IOException: File descriptor in bad state Message: File descriptor in bad state Localized Message: File descriptor in bad state Received : Testing Connection Count of Thread is : 1 2) When i try to send something via C# app the second time, this exception is thrown: A first chance exception of type 'System.InvalidOperationException' occurred in System.dll System.InvalidOperationException: BeginConnect cannot be called while another asynchronous operation is in progress on the same Socket. at System.Net.Sockets.Socket.DoBeginConnect(EndPoint endPointSnapshot, SocketAddress socketAddress, LazyAsyncResult asyncResult) at System.Net.Sockets.Socket.BeginConnect(EndPoint remoteEP, AsyncCallback callback, Object state) at InTheHand.Net.Bluetooth.Msft.SocketBluetoothClient.BeginConnect(BluetoothEndPoint remoteEP, AsyncCallback requestCallback, Object state) at InTheHand.Net.Sockets.BluetoothClient.BeginConnect(BluetoothEndPoint remoteEP, AsyncCallback requestCallback, Object state) at InTheHand.Net.Sockets.BluetoothClient.BeginConnect(BluetoothAddress address, Guid service, AsyncCallback requestCallback, Object state) at BTSyncClient.Form1.connect() in c:\users\----\documents\visual studio 2010\Projects\TestClient\TestClient\Form1.cs:line 154 I only know android application programming and i designed the C# by learning bit and pieces. FYI, My android phone is galaxy s with ICS running on it.Please point out my mistakes.. Source codes : C# Code using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.Threading; using System.Net.Sockets; using InTheHand.Net.Bluetooth; using InTheHand.Windows.Forms; using InTheHand.Net.Sockets; using InTheHand.Net; namespace BTSyncClient { public partial class Form1 : Form { BluetoothClient myself; BluetoothDeviceInfo bTServerDevice; private Guid uuid = Guid.Parse("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"); bool isConnected; public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); if (BluetoothRadio.IsSupported) { myself = new BluetoothClient(); } } private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { } private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { connect(); } private void Form1_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e) { try { myself.GetStream().Close(); myself.Dispose(); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.Out.WriteLine(ex); } } private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { SelectBluetoothDeviceDialog dialog = new SelectBluetoothDeviceDialog(); DialogResult result = dialog.ShowDialog(this); if(result.Equals(DialogResult.OK)){ bTServerDevice = dialog.SelectedDevice; } } private void callback(IAsyncResult ar) { String msg = (String)ar.AsyncState; if (ar.IsCompleted) { isConnected = myself.Connected; if (myself.Connected) { UTF8Encoding encoder = new UTF8Encoding(); NetworkStream stream = myself.GetStream(); if (!stream.CanWrite) { MessageBox.Show("Stream is not Writable"); } System.IO.StreamWriter mywriter = new System.IO.StreamWriter(stream, Encoding.UTF8); mywriter.WriteLine(msg); mywriter.Flush(); } else MessageBox.Show("Damn thing isnt connected"); } } private void connect() { try { if (bTServerDevice != null) { myself.BeginConnect(bTServerDevice.DeviceAddress, uuid, new AsyncCallback(callback) , message.Text); } } catch (Exception e) { Console.Out.WriteLine(e); } } } } Server Thread import java.io.IOException; import java.util.UUID; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket; import android.util.Log; public class ServerSocketThread extends Thread { private static final String TAG = "TestApp"; private BluetoothAdapter btAdapter; private BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket; private boolean stopMe; private static final UUID uuid = UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"); //private static final UUID uuid = UUID.fromString("6e58c9d5-b0b6-4009-ad9b-fd9481aef9b3"); private static final String SERVICE_NAME = "TestService"; public ServerSocketThread() { stopMe = false; btAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); try { serverSocket = btAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(SERVICE_NAME, uuid); } catch (IOException e) { Log.d(TAG,e.toString()); } } public void signalStop(){ stopMe = true; } public void run(){ Log.d(TAG,"In ServerThread"); BluetoothSocket socket = null; while(!stopMe){ try { socket = serverSocket.accept(); } catch (IOException e) { break; } if(socket != null){ AcceptThread newClientConnection = new AcceptThread(socket); newClientConnection.start(); } } Log.d(TAG,"Server Thread now dead"); } // Will cancel the listening socket and cause the thread to finish public void cancel(){ try { serverSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { } } } Accept Thread import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.Scanner; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket; import android.util.Log; public class AcceptThread extends Thread { private BluetoothSocket socket; private String TAG = "TestApp"; static int count = 0; public AcceptThread(BluetoothSocket Socket) { socket = Socket; } volatile boolean isError; String output; String error; public void run() { Log.d(TAG, "AcceptThread Started"); isError = false; try { socket.connect(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.d(TAG,"Error while doing socket.connect()"+ ++count); Log.d(TAG, e.toString()); Log.d(TAG,"Message: "+e.getLocalizedMessage()); Log.d(TAG,"Localized Message: "+e.getMessage()); isError = true; } InputStream in = null; try { in = socket.getInputStream(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.d(TAG,"Error while doing socket.getInputStream()"); Log.d(TAG, e.toString()); Log.d(TAG,"Message: "+e.getLocalizedMessage()); Log.d(TAG,"Localized Message: "+e.getMessage()); isError = true; } Scanner istream = new Scanner(in); if (istream.hasNextLine()) { Log.d(TAG, "Received : "+istream.nextLine()); Log.d(TAG,"Count of Thread is : " + count); } istream.close(); try { in.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.d(TAG,"Error while doing in.close()"); Log.d(TAG, e.toString()); Log.d(TAG,"Message: "+e.getLocalizedMessage()); Log.d(TAG,"Localized Message: "+e.getMessage()); isError = true; } try { socket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.d(TAG,"Error while doing socket.close()"); Log.d(TAG, e.toString()); Log.d(TAG,"Message: "+e.getLocalizedMessage()); Log.d(TAG,"Localized Message: "+e.getMessage()); isError = true; } } }

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Android - doInBackground() error in AsyncTask

- by AimanB

What my app here basically does is it captures a photo or import from gallery, and when the Upload button is pressed, the image will be uploaded to a localhost server. Before I implemented AsyncTask into the process, it doesn't have any problem uploading whatsoever. Now that I've put AsyncTask, everything went wrong. I don't know which part that I do wrong in this phase. This is what logcat shows when I try to upload an image file: 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): FATAL EXCEPTION: AsyncTask #5 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): java.lang.RuntimeException: An error occured while executing doInBackground() 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): at android.os.AsyncTask$3.done(AsyncTask.java:299) 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.finishCompletion(FutureTask.java:352) 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.setException(FutureTask.java:219) 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:239) 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): at android.os.AsyncTask$SerialExecutor$1.run(AsyncTask.java:230) 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1080) 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:573) 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:856) 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Can't create handler inside thread that has not called Looper.prepare() 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): at android.os.Handler.<init>(Handler.java:197) 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): at android.os.Handler.<init>(Handler.java:111) 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): at android.widget.Toast$TN.<init>(Toast.java:324) 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): at android.widget.Toast.<init>(Toast.java:91) 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): at android.widget.Toast.makeText(Toast.java:238) 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): at com.aiman.webshopper.UploadImageActivity$1execMultiPostAsync.doInBackground(UploadImageActivity.java:268) 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): at com.aiman.webshopper.UploadImageActivity$1execMultiPostAsync.doInBackground(UploadImageActivity.java:1) 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): at android.os.AsyncTask$2.call(AsyncTask.java:287) 10-28 17:23:25.989: E/AndroidRuntime(3356): at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:234) This is my code for the Upload activity: public class UploadImageActivity extends Activity implements OnItemSelectedListener { InputStream inputStream; private ImageView imageView; String the_string_response; private static final int SELECT_PICTURE = 0; private static final int CAMERA_REQUEST = 1888; private static final String SERVER_UPLOAD_URI = "...myserver.php"; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_upload_image); imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imgUpload); } public void capturePhoto(View view) { Intent cameraIntent = new Intent( android.provider.MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE); File f = new File(android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "temp.jpg"); cameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(f)); startActivityForResult(cameraIntent, CAMERA_REQUEST); } public void pickPhoto(View view) { // TODO: launch the photo picker Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.setType("image/*"); intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT); startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(intent, "Select Picture"), SELECT_PICTURE); } @Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data); if (requestCode == CAMERA_REQUEST && resultCode == RESULT_OK) { File f = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() .toString()); for (File temp : f.listFiles()) { if (temp.getName().equals("temp.jpg")) { f = temp; break; } } try { BitmapFactory.Options bitmapOptions = new BitmapFactory.Options(); Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(f.getAbsolutePath(), bitmapOptions); imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap); String path = android.os.Environment .getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator + "Phoenix" + File.separator + "default"; f.delete(); OutputStream outFile = null; File file = new File(path, String.valueOf(System .currentTimeMillis()) + ".jpg"); try { outFile = new FileOutputStream(file); bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 85, outFile); outFile.flush(); outFile.close(); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if (requestCode == SELECT_PICTURE && resultCode == RESULT_OK) { Bitmap bitmap = getPath(data.getData()); imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap); } } private Bitmap getPath(Uri uri) { String[] projection = { MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA }; Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, null, null, null); int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(projection[0]); cursor.moveToFirst(); String filePath = cursor.getString(column_index); cursor.close(); // Convert file path into bitmap image using below line. Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(filePath); return bitmap; } public void uploadPhoto(View view) { try { executeMultipartPost(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public void executeMultipartPost() throws Exception { class execMultiPostAsync extends AsyncTask<String, Void, String>{ @Override protected String doInBackground(String... params){ // Choose image here BitmapDrawable drawable = (BitmapDrawable) imageView.getDrawable(); Bitmap bitmap = drawable.getBitmap(); ByteArrayOutputStream stream = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 50, stream); // compress to // which // format // you want. byte[] byte_arr = stream.toByteArray(); String image_str = Base64.encodeBytes(byte_arr); ArrayList<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("image", image_str)); try { HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(); /* * HttpPost(parameter): Server URI */ HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(SERVER_UPLOAD_URI); httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs)); HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost); the_string_response = convertResponseToString(response); } catch (Exception e) { Toast.makeText(UploadImageActivity.this, "ERROR " + e.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); System.out.println("Error in http connection " + e.toString()); } return the_string_response; } @Override protected void onPostExecute(String result) { super.onPostExecute(result); Toast.makeText(UploadImageActivity.this, "Response " + result, Toast.LENGTH_LONG) .show(); } public String convertResponseToString(HttpResponse response) throws IllegalStateException, IOException { String res = ""; StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer(); inputStream = response.getEntity().getContent(); int contentLength = (int) response.getEntity().getContentLength(); // getting // content // lengt Toast.makeText(UploadImageActivity.this, "contentLength : " + contentLength, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); if (contentLength < 0) { } else { byte[] data = new byte[512]; int len = 0; try { while (-1 != (len = inputStream.read(data))) { buffer.append(new String(data, 0, len)); // converting to // string and // appending to // stringbuffer } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { inputStream.close(); // closing the stream } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } res = buffer.toString(); // converting stringbuffer to string Toast.makeText(UploadImageActivity.this, "Result : " + res, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); // System.out.println("Response => " + // EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity())); } return res; } } execMultiPostAsync exec = new execMultiPostAsync(); exec.execute(); } } Can someone please check if I put the AsyncTask task correctly in this activity? I think I've made a mistake somewhere.

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"Content is not allowed in prolog" when parsing perfectly valid XML on GAE

- by Adrian Petrescu

Hey guys, I've been beating my head against this absolutely infuriating bug for the last 48 hours, so I thought I'd finally throw in the towel and try asking here before I throw my laptop out the window. I'm trying to parse the response XML from a call I made to AWS SimpleDB. The response is coming back on the wire just fine; for example, it may look like: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <ListDomainsResponse xmlns="http://sdb.amazonaws.com/doc/2009-04-15/"> <ListDomainsResult> <DomainName>Audio</DomainName> <DomainName>Course</DomainName> <DomainName>DocumentContents</DomainName> <DomainName>LectureSet</DomainName> <DomainName>MetaData</DomainName> <DomainName>Professors</DomainName> <DomainName>Tag</DomainName> </ListDomainsResult> <ResponseMetadata> <RequestId>42330b4a-e134-6aec-e62a-5869ac2b4575</RequestId> <BoxUsage>0.0000071759</BoxUsage> </ResponseMetadata> </ListDomainsResponse> I pass in this XML to a parser with XMLEventReader eventReader = xmlInputFactory.createXMLEventReader(response.getContent()); and call eventReader.nextEvent(); a bunch of times to get the data I want. Here's the bizarre part -- it works great inside the local server. The response comes in, I parse it, everyone's happy. The problem is that when I deploy the code to Google App Engine, the outgoing request still works, and the response XML seems 100% identical and correct to me, but the response fails to parse with the following exception: com.amazonaws.http.HttpClient handleResponse: Unable to unmarshall response (ParseError at [row,col]:[1,1] Message: Content is not allowed in prolog.): <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <ListDomainsResponse xmlns="http://sdb.amazonaws.com/doc/2009-04-15/"><ListDomainsResult><DomainName>Audio</DomainName><DomainName>Course</DomainName><DomainName>DocumentContents</DomainName><DomainName>LectureSet</DomainName><DomainName>MetaData</DomainName><DomainName>Professors</DomainName><DomainName>Tag</DomainName></ListDomainsResult><ResponseMetadata><RequestId>42330b4a-e134-6aec-e62a-5869ac2b4575</RequestId><BoxUsage>0.0000071759</BoxUsage></ResponseMetadata></ListDomainsResponse> javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException: ParseError at [row,col]:[1,1] Message: Content is not allowed in prolog. at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLStreamReaderImpl.next(Unknown Source) at com.sun.xml.internal.stream.XMLEventReaderImpl.nextEvent(Unknown Source) at com.amazonaws.transform.StaxUnmarshallerContext.nextEvent(StaxUnmarshallerContext.java:153) ... (rest of lines omitted) I have double, triple, quadruple checked this XML for 'invisible characters' or non-UTF8 encoded characters, etc. I looked at it byte-by-byte in an array for byte-order-marks or something of that nature. Nothing; it passes every validation test I could throw at it. Even stranger, it happens if I use a Saxon-based parser as well -- but ONLY on GAE, it always works fine in my local environment. It makes it very hard to trace the code for problems when I can only run the debugger on an environment that works perfectly (I haven't found any good way to remotely debug on GAE). Nevertheless, using the primitive means I have, I've tried a million approaches including: XML with and without the prolog With and without newlines With and without the "encoding=" attribute in the prolog Both newline styles With and without the chunking information present in the HTTP stream And I've tried most of these in multiple combinations where it made sense they would interact -- nothing! I'm at my wit's end. Has anyone seen an issue like this before that can hopefully shed some light on it? Thanks!

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Call Webservice without adding a WebReference - with Complex Types

- by ck

I'm using the code at This Site to call a webservice dynamically. [SecurityPermissionAttribute(SecurityAction.Demand, Unrestricted = true)] public static object CallWebService(string webServiceAsmxUrl, string serviceName, string methodName, object[] args) { System.Net.WebClient client = new System.Net.WebClient(); //-Connect To the web service using (System.IO.Stream stream = client.OpenRead(webServiceAsmxUrl + "?wsdl")) { //--Now read the WSDL file describing a service. ServiceDescription description = ServiceDescription.Read(stream); ///// LOAD THE DOM ///////// //--Initialize a service description importer. ServiceDescriptionImporter importer = new ServiceDescriptionImporter(); importer.ProtocolName = "Soap12"; // Use SOAP 1.2. importer.AddServiceDescription(description, null, null); //--Generate a proxy client. importer.Style = ServiceDescriptionImportStyle.Client; //--Generate properties to represent primitive values. importer.CodeGenerationOptions = System.Xml.Serialization.CodeGenerationOptions.GenerateProperties; //--Initialize a Code-DOM tree into which we will import the service. CodeNamespace nmspace = new CodeNamespace(); CodeCompileUnit unit1 = new CodeCompileUnit(); unit1.Namespaces.Add(nmspace); //--Import the service into the Code-DOM tree. This creates proxy code //--that uses the service. ServiceDescriptionImportWarnings warning = importer.Import(nmspace, unit1); if (warning == 0) //--If zero then we are good to go { //--Generate the proxy code CodeDomProvider provider1 = CodeDomProvider.CreateProvider("CSharp"); //--Compile the assembly proxy with the appropriate references string[] assemblyReferences = new string[5] { "System.dll", "System.Web.Services.dll", "System.Web.dll", "System.Xml.dll", "System.Data.dll" }; CompilerParameters parms = new CompilerParameters(assemblyReferences); CompilerResults results = provider1.CompileAssemblyFromDom(parms, unit1); //-Check For Errors if (results.Errors.Count > 0) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); foreach (CompilerError oops in results.Errors) { sb.AppendLine("========Compiler error============"); sb.AppendLine(oops.ErrorText); } throw new System.ApplicationException("Compile Error Occured calling webservice. " + sb.ToString()); } //--Finally, Invoke the web service method Type foundType = null; Type[] types = results.CompiledAssembly.GetTypes(); foreach (Type type in types) { if (type.BaseType == typeof(System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapHttpClientProtocol)) { Console.WriteLine(type.ToString()); foundType = type; } } object wsvcClass = results.CompiledAssembly.CreateInstance(foundType.ToString()); MethodInfo mi = wsvcClass.GetType().GetMethod(methodName); return mi.Invoke(wsvcClass, args); } else { return null; } } } This works fine when I use built in types, but for my own classes, I get this: Event Type: Error Event Source: TDX Queue Service Event Category: None Event ID: 0 Date: 12/04/2010 Time: 12:12:38 User: N/A Computer: TDXRMISDEV01 Description: System.ArgumentException: Object of type 'TDXDataTypes.AgencyOutput' cannot be converted to type 'AgencyOutput'. Server stack trace: at System.RuntimeType.CheckValue(Object value, Binder binder, CultureInfo culture, BindingFlags invokeAttr) at System.Reflection.MethodBase.CheckArguments(Object[] parameters, Binder binder, BindingFlags invokeAttr, CultureInfo culture, Signature sig) at System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo.Invoke(Object obj, BindingFlags invokeAttr, Binder binder, Object[] parameters, CultureInfo culture, Boolean skipVisibilityChecks) at System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo.Invoke(Object obj, BindingFlags invokeAttr, Binder binder, Object[] parameters, CultureInfo culture) at System.Reflection.MethodBase.Invoke(Object obj, Object[] parameters) at TDXQueueEngine.GenericWebserviceProxy.CallWebService(String webServiceAsmxUrl, String serviceName, String methodName, Object[] args) in C:\CkAdmDev\TDXQueueEngine\TDXQueueEngine\TDXQueueEngine\GenericWebserviceProxy.cs:line 76 at TDXQueueEngine.TDXQueueWebserviceItem.Run() in C:\CkAdmDev\TDXQueueEngine\TDXQueueEngine\TDXQueueEngine\TDXQueueWebserviceItem.cs:line 99 at System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging.StackBuilderSink._PrivateProcessMessage(IntPtr md, Object[] args, Object server, Int32 methodPtr, Boolean fExecuteInContext, Object[]& outArgs) at System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging.StackBuilderSink.PrivateProcessMessage(RuntimeMethodHandle md, Object[] args, Object server, Int32 methodPtr, Boolean fExecuteInContext, Object[]& outArgs) at System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging.StackBuilderSink.AsyncProcessMessage(IMessage msg, IMessageSink replySink) Exception rethrown at [0]: at System.Runtime.Remoting.Proxies.RealProxy.EndInvokeHelper(Message reqMsg, Boolean bProxyCase) at System.Runtime.Remoting.Proxies.RemotingProxy.Invoke(Object NotUsed, MessageData& msgData) at TDXQueueEngine.TDXQueue.RunProcess.EndInvoke(IAsyncResult result) at TDXQueueEngine.TDXQueue.processComplete(IAsyncResult ar) in C:\CkAdmDev\TDXQueueEngine\TDXQueueEngine\TDXQueueEngine\TDXQueue.cs:line 130 For more information, see Help and Support Center at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/events.asp. The classes reference the same assembly and the same version. Do I need to include my assembly as a reference when building the temporary assembly? If so, how? Thanks.

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Streaming a webcam from Silverlight 4 (Beta)

- by Ken Smith

The new webcam stuff in Silverlight 4 is darned cool. By exposing it as a brush, it allows scenarios that are way beyond anything that Flash has. At the same time, accessing the webcam locally seems like it's only half the story. Nobody buys a webcam so they can take pictures of themselves and make funny faces out of them. They buy a webcam because they want other people to see the resulting video stream, i.e., they want to stream that video out to the Internet, a lay Skype or any of the dozens of other video chat sites/applications. And so far, I haven't figured out how to do that with It turns out that it's pretty simple to get a hold of the raw (Format32bppArgb formatted) bytestream, as demonstrated here. But unless we want to transmit that raw bytestream to a server (which would chew up way too much bandwidth), we need to encode that in some fashion. And that's more complicated. MS has implemented several codecs in Silverlight, but so far as I can tell, they're all focused on decoding a video stream, not encoding it in the first place. And that's apart from the fact that I can't figure out how to get direct access to, say, the H.264 codec in the first place. There are a ton of open-source codecs (for instance, in the ffmpeg project here), but they're all written in C, and they don't look easy to port to C#. Unless translating 10000+ lines of code that look like this is your idea of fun :-) const int b_xy= h->mb2b_xy[left_xy[i]] + 3; const int b8_xy= h->mb2b8_xy[left_xy[i]] + 1; *(uint32_t*)h->mv_cache[list][cache_idx ]= *(uint32_t*)s->current_picture.motion_val[list][b_xy + h->b_stride*left_block[0+i*2]]; *(uint32_t*)h->mv_cache[list][cache_idx+8]= *(uint32_t*)s->current_picture.motion_val[list][b_xy + h->b_stride*left_block[1+i*2]]; h->ref_cache[list][cache_idx ]= s->current_picture.ref_index[list][b8_xy + h->b8_stride*(left_block[0+i*2]>>1)]; h->ref_cache[list][cache_idx+8]= s->current_picture.ref_index[list][b8_xy + h->b8_stride*(left_block[1+i*2]>>1)]; The mooncodecs folder within the Mono project (here) has several audio codecs in C# (ADPCM and Ogg Vorbis), and one video codec (Dirac), but they all seem to implement just the decode portion of their respective formats, as do the java implementations from which they were ported. I found a C# codec for Ogg Theora (csTheora, http://www.wreckedgames.com/forum/index.php?topic=1053.0), but again, it's decode only, as is the jheora codec on which it's based. Of course, it would presumably be easier to port a codec from Java than from C or C++, but the only java video codecs that I found were decode-only (such as jheora, or jirac). So I'm kinda back at square one. It looks like our options for hooking up a webcam (or microphone) through Silverlight to the Internet are: (1) Wait for Microsoft to provide some guidance on this; (2) Spend the brain cycles porting one of the C or C++ codecs over to Silverlight-compatible C#; (3) Send the raw, uncompressed bytestream up to a server (or perhaps compressed slightly with something like zlib), and then encode it server-side; or (4) Wait for someone smarter than me to figure this out and provide a solution. Does anybody else have any better guidance? Have I missed something that's just blindingly obvious to everyone else? (For instance, does Silverlight 4 somewhere have some classes I've missed that take care of this?)

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pdfptable format problem?

- by raj

Hi, I am using the code below to convert Html string to PDF.I notice that at times, it does print the tables in PDF but no styles(no border, color etc..).Below is the html string: Can anyone suggest me where am I missing something? Hi userThe Message ID 56456 has been assigned to you for Edition. AUTO VERIFY FOR CONGROUP cccccccc FAILEDSSID ssss message, RPTD BY rrrrSSID ssss RLD ll message, RPTD BY rrrrSSID ssss DEV ddd message, RPTD BY rrrr Table 12 EMC9998W message format <table style="border: medium solid #00FF00; width:100%; table-layout: auto; visibility: visible;" title="EMC9998W message format"> <tr> <td> <b>Exception code</b></td> <td> <b>Meaning</b></td> <td> <b>Message format</b></td> </tr> <tr> <td > 1460 </td> <td> DYNAMIC SPARING INVOKED</td> <td> 1</td> </tr> <tr> <td > 147D REMOTE </td> <td > LINK DIRECTOR PROBLEM/FAILURE</td> <td> 2</td> </tr> </table> Where MSG FORMAT 1 EMC9998W SSID ssss message, RPTD BY rrrr MSG FORMAT 2 EMC9998W SSID ssss message, RPTD BY rrrr MSG FORMAT 3 EMC9998W SSID ssss message, RPTD BY rrrr private void HtmltoPdf(string s, Paragraph p,Document doc) { string strLine = s; byte[] byteArray = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(strLine); MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(byteArray); StreamReader reader2 = new StreamReader(stream); StringReader sr2 = new StringReader(reader2.ReadToEnd()); iTextSharp.text.html.simpleparser.HTMLWorker worker = new HTMLWorker(doc); ArrayList elementlist = HTMLWorker.ParseToList(sr2, null); Phrase ph = new Phrase(); for (int k = 0; k < elementlist.Count; ++k) { IElement ielement = (IElement)elementlist[k]; ArrayList chunks = ielement.Chunks; if (ielement.Type == Element.PTABLE) { PdfPTable pt = (PdfPTable)ielement; pt.DefaultCell.Border = 2; PdfPTable t = new PdfPTable(1);//(new float[] {1f,1f,1f}); ph.Add(t); PdfPCell pcell = new PdfPCell(new Paragraph(ph)); t.AddCell(pcell); p.Add(t); foreach (PdfPRow row in t.Rows) { } } else if (ielement.Type == Element.LIST) { } else { ph.Clear(); ph.Add((IElement)elementlist[k]); p.Add(new Paragraph(ph)); } } sr2.Close(); reader2.Close(); stream.Close(); }

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JpegBitmapEncoder.Save() throws exception when writing image with metadata to MemoryStream

- by Dmitry

I am trying to set up metadata on JPG image what does not have it. You can't use in-place writer (InPlaceBitmapMetadataWriter) in this case, cuz there is no place for metadata in image. If I use FileStream as output - everything works fine. But if I try to use MemoryStream as output - JpegBitmapEncoder.Save() throws an exception (Exception from HRESULT: 0xC0000005). After some investigation I also found out what encoder can save image to memory stream if I supply null instead of metadata. I've made a very simplified and short example what reproduces the problem: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.IO; using System.Drawing; using System.Drawing.Imaging; using System.Windows.Media.Imaging; namespace JpegSaveTest { class Program { public static JpegBitmapEncoder SetUpMetadataOnStream(Stream src, string title) { uint padding = 2048; BitmapDecoder original; BitmapFrame framecopy, newframe; BitmapMetadata metadata; JpegBitmapEncoder output = new JpegBitmapEncoder(); src.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin); original = JpegBitmapDecoder.Create(src, BitmapCreateOptions.PreservePixelFormat, BitmapCacheOption.OnLoad); if (original.Frames[0] != null) { framecopy = (BitmapFrame)original.Frames[0].Clone(); if (original.Frames[0].Metadata != null) metadata = original.Frames[0].Metadata.Clone() as BitmapMetadata; else metadata = new BitmapMetadata("jpeg"); metadata.SetQuery("/app1/ifd/PaddingSchema:Padding", padding); metadata.SetQuery("/app1/ifd/exif/PaddingSchema:Padding", padding); metadata.SetQuery("/xmp/PaddingSchema:Padding", padding); metadata.SetQuery("System.Title", title); newframe = BitmapFrame.Create(framecopy, framecopy.Thumbnail, metadata, original.Frames[0].ColorContexts); output.Frames.Add(newframe); } else { Exception ex = new Exception("Image contains no frames."); throw ex; } return output; } public static MemoryStream SetTagsInMemory(string sfname, string title) { Stream src, dst; JpegBitmapEncoder output; src = File.Open(sfname, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read); output = SetUpMetadataOnStream(src, title); dst = new MemoryStream(); output.Save(dst); src.Close(); return (MemoryStream)dst; } static void Main(string[] args) { string filename = "Z:\\dotnet\\gnom4.jpg"; MemoryStream s; s = SetTagsInMemory(filename, "test title"); } } } It is simple console application. To run it, replace filename variable content with path to any .jpg file without metadata (or use mine). Ofc I can just save image to temporary file first, close it, then open and copy to MemoryStream, but its too dirty and slow workaround. Any ideas about getting this working are welcome :)

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Object of type 'customObject' cannot be converted to type 'customObject'.

- by Phani Kumar PV

i am receiving the follwing error when i am invoking a custom object "Object of type 'customObject' cannot be converted to type 'customObject'." Following is the scenario when i am getting the error i am invoking a method in a dll dynamically. Load an assembly CreateInstance.... calling MethodInfo.Invoke() passing int, string as a parameter for my method is working fine = No exceptions are thrown. But if I try and pass a one of my own custom class objects as a parameter, then I get an ArgumentException exception, and it is not either an ArgumentOutOfRangeException or ArgumentNullException. "Object of type 'customObject' cannot be converted to type 'customObject'." I am doing this in a web application. The class file containing the method is in a different proj . also the custom object is a sepearte class in the same file. there is no such thing called a static aseembly in my code. I am trying to invoke a webmethod dynamically. this webmethod is having the customObject type as an input parameter. So when i invoke the webmethod i am dynamically creating the proxy assembly and all. From the same assembly i am trying to create an instance of the cusotm object assinging the values to its properties and then passing this object as a parameter and invoking the method. everything is dynamic and nothing is created static.. :( add reference is not used. Following is a sample code i tried to create it public static object CallWebService(string webServiceAsmxUrl, string serviceName, string methodName, object[] args) { System.Net.WebClient client = new System.Net.WebClient(); //-Connect To the web service using (System.IO.Stream stream = client.OpenRead(webServiceAsmxUrl + "?wsdl")) { //--Now read the WSDL file describing a service. ServiceDescription description = ServiceDescription.Read(stream); ///// LOAD THE DOM ///////// //--Initialize a service description importer. ServiceDescriptionImporter importer = new ServiceDescriptionImporter(); importer.ProtocolName = "Soap12"; // Use SOAP 1.2. importer.AddServiceDescription(description, null, null); //--Generate a proxy client. importer.Style = ServiceDescriptionImportStyle.Client; //--Generate properties to represent primitive values. importer.CodeGenerationOptions = System.Xml.Serialization.CodeGenerationOptions.GenerateProperties; //--Initialize a Code-DOM tree into which we will import the service. CodeNamespace nmspace = new CodeNamespace(); CodeCompileUnit unit1 = new CodeCompileUnit(); unit1.Namespaces.Add(nmspace); //--Import the service into the Code-DOM tree. This creates proxy code //--that uses the service. ServiceDescriptionImportWarnings warning = importer.Import(nmspace, unit1); if (warning == 0) //--If zero then we are good to go { //--Generate the proxy code CodeDomProvider provider1 = CodeDomProvider.CreateProvider("CSharp"); //--Compile the assembly proxy with the appropriate references string[] assemblyReferences = new string[5] { "System.dll", "System.Web.Services.dll", "System.Web.dll", "System.Xml.dll", "System.Data.dll" }; CompilerParameters parms = new CompilerParameters(assemblyReferences); CompilerResults results = provider1.CompileAssemblyFromDom(parms, unit1); //-Check For Errors if (results.Errors.Count > 0) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); foreach (CompilerError oops in results.Errors) { sb.AppendLine("========Compiler error============"); sb.AppendLine(oops.ErrorText); } throw new System.ApplicationException("Compile Error Occured calling webservice. " + sb.ToString()); } //--Finally, Invoke the web service method Type foundType = null; Type[] types = results.CompiledAssembly.GetTypes(); foreach (Type type in types) { if (type.BaseType == typeof(System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapHttpClientProtocol)) { Console.WriteLine(type.ToString()); foundType = type; } } object wsvcClass = results.CompiledAssembly.CreateInstance(foundType.ToString()); MethodInfo mi = wsvcClass.GetType().GetMethod(methodName); return mi.Invoke(wsvcClass, args); } else { return null; } } } I cant find anything static being done by me. any help is greatly appreciated. Regards, Phani Kumar PV

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Why does IHttpAsyncHandler leak memory under load?

- by Anton

I have noticed that the .NET IHttpAsyncHandler (and the IHttpHandler, to a lesser degree) leak memory when subjected to concurrent web requests. In my tests, the development web server (Cassini) jumps from 6MB memory to over 100MB, and once the test is finished, none of it is reclaimed. The problem can be reproduced easily. Create a new solution (LeakyHandler) with two projects: An ASP.NET web application (LeakyHandler.WebApp) A Console application (LeakyHandler.ConsoleApp) In LeakyHandler.WebApp: Create a class called TestHandler that implements IHttpAsyncHandler. In the request processing, do a brief Sleep and end the response. Add the HTTP handler to Web.config as test.ashx. In LeakyHandler.ConsoleApp: Generate a large number of HttpWebRequests to test.ashx and execute them asynchronously. As the number of HttpWebRequests (sampleSize) is increased, the memory leak is made more and more apparent. LeakyHandler.WebApp TestHandler.cs namespace LeakyHandler.WebApp { public class TestHandler : IHttpAsyncHandler { #region IHttpAsyncHandler Members private ProcessRequestDelegate Delegate { get; set; } public delegate void ProcessRequestDelegate(HttpContext context); public IAsyncResult BeginProcessRequest(HttpContext context, AsyncCallback cb, object extraData) { Delegate = ProcessRequest; return Delegate.BeginInvoke(context, cb, extraData); } public void EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult result) { Delegate.EndInvoke(result); } #endregion #region IHttpHandler Members public bool IsReusable { get { return true; } } public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) { Thread.Sleep(10); context.Response.End(); } #endregion } } LeakyHandler.WebApp Web.config <?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration> <system.web> <compilation debug="false" /> <httpHandlers> <add verb="POST" path="test.ashx" type="LeakyHandler.WebApp.TestHandler" /> </httpHandlers> </system.web> </configuration> LeakyHandler.ConsoleApp Program.cs namespace LeakyHandler.ConsoleApp { class Program { private static int sampleSize = 10000; private static int startedCount = 0; private static int completedCount = 0; static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine("Press any key to start."); Console.ReadKey(); string url = "http://localhost:3000/test.ashx"; for (int i = 0; i < sampleSize; i++) { HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); request.Method = "POST"; request.BeginGetResponse(GetResponseCallback, request); Console.WriteLine("S: " + Interlocked.Increment(ref startedCount)); } Console.ReadKey(); } static void GetResponseCallback(IAsyncResult result) { HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)result.AsyncState; HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.EndGetResponse(result); try { using (Stream stream = response.GetResponseStream()) { using (StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(stream)) { streamReader.ReadToEnd(); System.Console.WriteLine("C: " + Interlocked.Increment(ref completedCount)); } } response.Close(); } catch (Exception ex) { System.Console.WriteLine("Error processing response: " + ex.Message); } } } }

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[python] voice communication for python help!

- by Eric

Hello! I'm currently trying to write a voicechat program in python. All tips/trick is welcome to do this. So far I found pyAudio to be a wrapper of PortAudio. So I played around with that and got an input stream from my microphone to be played back to my speakers. Only RAW of course. But I can't send RAW-data over the netowrk (due the size duh), so I'm looking for a way to encode it. And I searched around the 'net and stumbled over this speex-wrapper for python. It seems to good to be true, and believe me, it was. You see in pyAudio you can set the size of the chunks you want to take from your input audiobuffer, and in that sample code on the link, it's set to 320. Then when it's encoded, its like ~40 bytes of data per chunk, which is fairly acceptable I guess. And now for the problem. I start a sample program which just takes the input stream, encodes the chunks, decodes them and play them (not sending over the network due testing). If I just let my computer idle and run this program it works great, but as soon as I do something, i.e start Firefox or something, the audio input buffer gets all clogged up! It just grows and then it all crashes and gives me an overflow error on the buffer.. OK, so why am I just taking 320 bytes of the stream? I could just take like 1024 bytes or something and that will easy the pressure on the buffer. BUT. If I give speex 1024 bytes of data to encode/decode, it either crashes and says that thats too big for its buffer. OR it encodes/decodes it, but the sound is very noisy and "choppy" as if it only encoded a tiny bit of that 1024 chunk and the rest is static noise. So the sound sounds like a helicopter, lol. I did some research and it seems that speex only can convert 320 bytes of data at time, and well, 640 for wide-band. But that's the standard? How can I fix this problem? How should I construct my program to work with speex? I could use a middle-buffer tho that takes all available data to read from the buffer, then chunk this up in 320 bits and encode/decode them. But this takes a bit longer time and seems like a very bad solution of the problem.. Because as far as I know, there's no other encoder for python that encodes the audio so it can be sent over the network in acceptable small packages, or? I've been googling for three days now. Also there is this pyMedia library, I don't know if its good to convert to mp3/ogg for this kind of software. Thank in in advance for reading this, hope anyone can help me! (:

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Apple push Notification Feedback service Not working

- by Yassmeen

Hi, I am developing an iPhone App that uses Apple Push Notifications. On the iPhone side everything is fine, on the server side I have a problem. Notifications are sent correctly however when I try to query the feedback service to obtain a list of devices from which the App has been uninstalled, I always get zero results. I know that I should obtain one result as the App has been uninstalled from one of my test devices. After 24 hours and more I still have no results from the feedback service.. Any ideas? Does anybody know how long it takes for the feedback service to recognize that my App has been uninstalled from my test device? Note: I have another push notification applications on the device so I know that my app is not the only app. The code - C#: public static string CheckFeedbackService(string certaName, string hostName) { SYLogger.Log("Check Feedback Service Started"); ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = new RemoteCertificateValidationCallback(ValidateServerCertificate); // Create a TCP socket connection to the Apple server on port 2196 TcpClient tcpClientF = null; SslStream sslStreamF = null; string result = string.Empty; //Contect to APNS& Add the Apple cert to our collection X509Certificate2Collection certs = new X509Certificate2Collection { GetServerCert(certaName) }; //Set up byte[] buffer = new byte[38]; int recd = 0; DateTime minTimestamp = DateTime.Now.AddYears(-1); // Create a TCP socket connection to the Apple server on port 2196 try { using (tcpClientF = new TcpClient(hostName, 2196)) { SYLogger.Log("Client Connected ::" + tcpClientF.Connected); // Create a new SSL stream over the connection sslStreamF = new SslStream(tcpClientF.GetStream(), true,ValidateServerCertificate); // Authenticate using the Apple cert sslStreamF.AuthenticateAsClient(hostName, certs, SslProtocols.Default, false); SYLogger.Log("Stream Readable ::" + sslStreamF.CanRead); SYLogger.Log("Host Name ::"+hostName); SYLogger.Log("Cert Name ::" + certs[0].FriendlyName); if (sslStreamF != null) { SYLogger.Log("Connection Started"); //Get the first feedback recd = sslStreamF.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); SYLogger.Log("Buffer length ::" + recd); //Continue while we have results and are not disposing while (recd > 0) { SYLogger.Log("Reading Started"); //Get our seconds since 1970 ? byte[] bSeconds = new byte[4]; byte[] bDeviceToken = new byte[32]; Array.Copy(buffer, 0, bSeconds, 0, 4); //Check endianness if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian) Array.Reverse(bSeconds); int tSeconds = BitConverter.ToInt32(bSeconds, 0); //Add seconds since 1970 to that date, in UTC and then get it locally var Timestamp = new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc).AddSeconds(tSeconds).ToLocalTime(); //Now copy out the device token Array.Copy(buffer, 6, bDeviceToken, 0, 32); string deviceToken = BitConverter.ToString(bDeviceToken).Replace("-", "").ToLower().Trim(); //Make sure we have a good feedback tuple if (deviceToken.Length == 64 && Timestamp > minTimestamp) { SYLogger.Log("Feedback " + deviceToken); result = deviceToken; } //Clear array to reuse it Array.Clear(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); //Read the next feedback recd = sslStreamF.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); } SYLogger.Log("Reading Ended"); } } } catch (Exception e) { SYLogger.Log("Authentication failed - closing the connection::" + e); return "NOAUTH"; } finally { // The client stream will be closed with the sslStream // because we specified this behavior when creating the sslStream. if (sslStreamF != null) sslStreamF.Close(); if (tcpClientF != null) tcpClientF.Close(); //Clear array on error Array.Clear(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); } SYLogger.Log("Feedback ended "); return result; }

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Partial generic type inference possible in C#?

- by Lasse V. Karlsen

I am working on rewriting my fluent interface for my IoC class library, and when I refactored some code in order to share some common functionality through a base class, I hit upon a snag. Note: This is something I want to do, not something I have to do. If I have to make do with a different syntax, I will, but if anyone has an idea on how to make my code compile the way I want it, it would be most welcome. I want some extension methods to be available for a specific base-class, and these methods should be generic, with one generic type, related to an argument to the method, but the methods should also return a specific type related to the particular descendant they're invoked upon. Better with a code example than the above description methinks. Here's a simple and complete example of what doesn't work: using System; namespace ConsoleApplication16 { public class ParameterizedRegistrationBase { } public class ConcreteTypeRegistration : ParameterizedRegistrationBase { public void SomethingConcrete() { } } public class DelegateRegistration : ParameterizedRegistrationBase { public void SomethingDelegated() { } } public static class Extensions { public static ParameterizedRegistrationBase Parameter<T>( this ParameterizedRegistrationBase p, string name, T value) { return p; } } class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { ConcreteTypeRegistration ct = new ConcreteTypeRegistration(); ct .Parameter<int>("age", 20) .SomethingConcrete(); // <-- this is not available DelegateRegistration del = new DelegateRegistration(); del .Parameter<int>("age", 20) .SomethingDelegated(); // <-- neither is this } } } If you compile this, you'll get: 'ConsoleApplication16.ParameterizedRegistrationBase' does not contain a definition for 'SomethingConcrete' and no extension method 'SomethingConcrete'... 'ConsoleApplication16.ParameterizedRegistrationBase' does not contain a definition for 'SomethingDelegated' and no extension method 'SomethingDelegated'... What I want is for the extension method (Parameter<T>) to be able to be invoked on both ConcreteTypeRegistration and DelegateRegistration, and in both cases the return type should match the type the extension was invoked on. The problem is as follows: I would like to write: ct.Parameter<string>("name", "Lasse") ^------^ notice only one generic argument but also that Parameter<T> returns an object of the same type it was invoked on, which means: ct.Parameter<string>("name", "Lasse").SomethingConcrete(); ^ ^-------+-------^ | | +---------------------------------------------+ .SomethingConcrete comes from the object in "ct" which in this case is of type ConcreteTypeRegistration Is there any way I can trick the compiler into making this leap for me? If I add two generic type arguments to the Parameter method, type inference forces me to either provide both, or none, which means this: public static TReg Parameter<TReg, T>( this TReg p, string name, T value) where TReg : ParameterizedRegistrationBase gives me this: Using the generic method 'ConsoleApplication16.Extensions.Parameter<TReg,T>(TReg, string, T)' requires 2 type arguments Using the generic method 'ConsoleApplication16.Extensions.Parameter<TReg,T>(TReg, string, T)' requires 2 type arguments Which is just as bad. I can easily restructure the classes, or even make the methods non-extension-methods by introducing them into the hierarchy, but my question is if I can avoid having to duplicate the methods for the two descendants, and in some way declare them only once, for the base class. Let me rephrase that. Is there a way to change the classes in the first code example above, so that the syntax in the Main-method can be kept, without duplicating the methods in question? The code will have to be compatible with both C# 3.0 and 4.0. Edit: The reason I'd rather not leave both generic type arguments to inference is that for some services, I want to specify a parameter value for a constructor parameter that is of one type, but pass in a value that is a descendant. For the moment, matching of specified argument values and the correct constructor to call is done using both the name and the type of the argument. Let me give an example: ServiceContainerBuilder.Register<ISomeService>(r => r .From(f => f.ConcreteType<FileService>(ct => ct .Parameter<Stream>("source", new FileStream(...))))); ^--+---^ ^---+----^ | | | +- has to be a descendant of Stream | +- has to match constructor of FileService If I leave both to type inference, the parameter type will be FileStream, not Stream.

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Flash Media Server Streaming: Content Protection

- by dbemerlin

Hi, i have to implement flash streaming for the relaunch of our video-on-demand system but either because i haven't worked with flash-related systems before or because i'm too stupid i cannot get the system to work as it has to. We need: Per file & user access control with checks on a WebService every minute if the lease time ran out mid-stream: cancelling the stream rtmp streaming dynamic bandwidth checking Video Playback with Flowplayer (existing license) I've got the streaming and bandwidth check working, i just can't seem to get the access control working. I have no idea how i know which file is played back or how i can play back a file depending on a key the user has entered. Server-Side Code (main.asc): application.onAppStart = function() { trace("Starting application"); this.payload = new Array(); for (var i=0; i < 1200; i++) { this.payload[i] = Math.random(); //16K approx } } application.onConnect = function( p_client, p_autoSenseBW ) { p_client.writeAccess = ""; trace("client at : " + p_client.uri); trace("client from : " + p_client.referrer); trace("client page: " + p_client.pageUrl); // try to get something from the query string: works var i = 0; for (i = 0; i < p_client.uri.length; ++i) { if (p_client.uri[i] == '?') { ++i; break; } } var loadVars = new LoadVars(); loadVars.decode(p_client.uri.substr(i)); trace(loadVars.toString()); trace(loadVars['foo']); // And accept the connection this.acceptConnection(p_client); trace("accepted!"); //this.rejectConnection(p_client); // A connection from Flash 8 & 9 FLV Playback component based client // requires the following code. if (p_autoSenseBW) { p_client.checkBandwidth(); } else { p_client.call("onBWDone"); } trace("Done connecting"); } application.onDisconnect = function(client) { trace("client disconnecting!"); } Client.prototype.getStreamLength = function(p_streamName) { trace("getStreamLength:" + p_streamName); return Stream.length(p_streamName); } Client.prototype.checkBandwidth = function() { application.calculateClientBw(this); } application.calculateClientBw = function(p_client) { /* lots of lines copied from an adobe sample, appear to work */ } Client-Side Code: <head> <script type="text/javascript" src="flowplayer-3.1.4.min.js"></script> </head> <body> <a class="rtmp" href="rtmp://xx.xx.xx.xx/vod_project/test_flv.flv" style="display: block; width: 520px; height: 330px" id="player"> </a> <script> $f( "player", "flowplayer-3.1.5.swf", { clip: { provider: 'rtmp', autoPlay: false, url: 'test_flv' }, plugins: { rtmp: { url: 'flowplayer.rtmp-3.1.3.swf', netConnectionUrl: 'rtmp://xx.xx.xx.xx/vod_project?foo=bar' } } } ); </script> </body> My first Idea was to get a key from the Query String, ask the web service about which file and user that key is for and play the file but i can't seem to find out how to play a file from server side. My second idea was to let flowplayer play a file, pass the key as query string and if the filename and key don't match then reject the connection but i can't seem to find out which file it's currently playing. The only remaining idea i have is: create a list of all files the user is allowed to open and set allowReadAccess or however it was called to allow those files, but that would be clumsy due to the current infrastructure. Any hints? Thanks.

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Servlet response wrapper has encoding problem

- by John O

A servlet response wrapper is being used in a Servlet Filter. The idea is that the response is manipulated, with a 'nonce' value being injected into forms, as part of defence against CSRF attacks. The web app is using UTF-8 everywhere. When the Servlet Filter is absent, no problems. When the filter is added, encoding issues occur. (It seems as if the response is reverting to 8859-1.) The guts of the code : final class CsrfResponseWrapper extends AbstractResponseWrapper { ... byte[] modifyResponse(byte[] aInputResponse){ ... String originalInput = new String(aInputResponse, encoding); String modifiedResult = addHiddenParamToPostedForms(originalInput); result = modifiedResult.getBytes(encoding); ... } ... } As I understand it, the transition between byte-land and String-land should specify an encoding. That is done here, as you can see, in two places. The value of the 'encoding' variable is 'UTF-8'; the alteration of the String itself is standard string manipulation (with a regex), and never specifies an encoding (addHiddenParamToPostedForms). Where am I in error about the encoding? EDIT: Here is the base class (sorry it's rather long): package hirondelle.web4j.security; import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream; import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponseWrapper; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; /** Abstract Base Class for altering response content. (May be useful in future contexts as well. For now, keep package-private.) */ abstract class AbstractResponseWrapper extends HttpServletResponseWrapper { AbstractResponseWrapper(ServletResponse aServletResponse) throws IOException { super((HttpServletResponse)aServletResponse); fOutputStream = new ModifiedOutputStream(aServletResponse.getOutputStream()); fWriter = new PrintWriter(fOutputStream); } /** Return the modified response. */ abstract byte[] modifyResponse(byte[] aInputResponse); /** Standard servlet method. */ public final ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() { //fLogger.fine("Modified Response : Getting output stream."); if ( fWriterReturned ) { throw new IllegalStateException(); } fOutputStreamReturned = true; return fOutputStream; } /** Standard servlet method. */ public final PrintWriter getWriter() { //fLogger.fine("Modified Response : Getting writer."); if ( fOutputStreamReturned ) { throw new IllegalStateException(); } fWriterReturned = true; return fWriter; } // PRIVATE /* Well-behaved servlets return either an OutputStream or a PrintWriter, but not both. */ private PrintWriter fWriter; private ModifiedOutputStream fOutputStream; /* These items are used to implement conformance to the javadoc for ServletResponse, regarding exceptions being thrown. */ private boolean fWriterReturned; private boolean fOutputStreamReturned; /** Modified low level output stream. */ private class ModifiedOutputStream extends ServletOutputStream { public ModifiedOutputStream(ServletOutputStream aOutputStream) { fServletOutputStream = aOutputStream; fBuffer = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); } /** Must be implemented to make this class concrete. */ public void write(int aByte) { fBuffer.write(aByte); } public void close() throws IOException { if ( !fIsClosed ){ processStream(); fServletOutputStream.close(); fIsClosed = true; } } public void flush() throws IOException { if ( fBuffer.size() != 0 ){ if ( !fIsClosed ) { processStream(); fBuffer = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); } } } /** Perform the core processing, by calling the abstract method. */ public void processStream() throws IOException { fServletOutputStream.write(modifyResponse(fBuffer.toByteArray())); fServletOutputStream.flush(); } // PRIVATE // private ServletOutputStream fServletOutputStream; private ByteArrayOutputStream fBuffer; /** Tracks if this stream has been closed. */ private boolean fIsClosed = false; } }

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SOAP Service Request C#

- by user3728352

I have this code that tries to send a request to a soap server, I'm new to soap so i am not sure if the terms i am using are correct or not please correct me I am wrong. Basically i am accessing a web service method named getUserDomain via soap request Here is the code: public void CallWebService() { var _url = "https://....com/QcXmlWebService/QcXmlWebService.asmx?wsdl"; var _action = "https://....com/QcXmlWebService/QcXmlWebService.asmx?op=GetUserDomains"; XmlDocument soapEnvelopeXml = CreateSoapEnvelope(); HttpWebRequest webRequest = CreateWebRequest(_url, _action); InsertSoapEnvelopeIntoWebRequest(soapEnvelopeXml, webRequest); webRequest.BeginGetResponse(null, null); // begin async call to web request. IAsyncResult asyncResult = webRequest.BeginGetResponse(null, null); // suspend this thread until call is complete. You might want to // do something usefull here like update your UI. asyncResult.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(); // get the response from the completed web request. string soapResult; using (WebResponse webResponse = webRequest.EndGetResponse(asyncResult)) { using (StreamReader rd = new StreamReader(webResponse.GetResponseStream())) { soapResult = rd.ReadToEnd(); } Console.Write(soapResult); } } private HttpWebRequest CreateWebRequest(string url, string action) { HttpWebRequest webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); webRequest.Headers.Add("SOAPAction", action); webRequest.ContentType = "text/xml;charset=\"utf-8\""; webRequest.Accept = "text/xml"; webRequest.Method = "POST"; return webRequest; } private XmlDocument CreateSoapEnvelope() { XmlDocument soapEnvelop = new XmlDocument(); string oRequest = ""; oRequest = @"<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap=""http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope"" xmlns:qcx=""http://smething.com/QCXML"">"; oRequest = oRequest + "<soap:Header/>"; oRequest = oRequest + "<soap:Body>"; oRequest = oRequest + "<qcx:GetUserDomains>"; oRequest = oRequest + "<qcx:inputXml><![CDATA["; oRequest = oRequest + "<GetUserDomains>"; oRequest = oRequest + "<login>"; oRequest = oRequest + "<domain_name>MBB_BTS</domain_name>"; oRequest = oRequest + "<project_name>WCDMA_BTS_IV</project_name>"; oRequest = oRequest + "<user_name>user</user_name>"; oRequest = oRequest + "<password>pass</password>"; oRequest = oRequest + "</login>"; oRequest = oRequest + "</GetUserDomains>"; oRequest = oRequest + " ]]>"; oRequest = oRequest + "</qcx:inputXml>"; oRequest = oRequest + "</qcx:GetUserDomains>"; oRequest = oRequest + "</soap:Body>"; oRequest = oRequest + "</soap:Envelope>"; soapEnvelop.LoadXml(oRequest); return soapEnvelop; } private void InsertSoapEnvelopeIntoWebRequest(XmlDocument soapEnvelopeXml, HttpWebRequest webRequest) { using (Stream stream = webRequest.GetRequestStream()) { soapEnvelopeXml.Save(stream); } } This code i have seen somewhere in stack overflow before as an answer but i couldn't get it to work... The error im getting is threw exception System.net.webexception. the remote server returned an error :(500) internal server Thanks

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Performance Optimization – It Is Faster When You Can Measure It

- by Alois Kraus

Performance optimization in bigger systems is hard because the measured numbers can vary greatly depending on the measurement method of your choice. To measure execution timing of specific methods in your application you usually use Time Measurement Method Potential Pitfalls Stopwatch Most accurate method on recent processors. Internally it uses the RDTSC instruction. Since the counter is processor specific you can get greatly different values when your thread is scheduled to another core or the core goes into a power saving mode. But things do change luckily: Intel's Designer's vol3b, section 16.11.1 "16.11.1 Invariant TSC The time stamp counter in newer processors may support an enhancement, referred to as invariant TSC. Processor's support for invariant TSC is indicated by CPUID.80000007H:EDX[8]. The invariant TSC will run at a constant rate in all ACPI P-, C-. and T-states. This is the architectural behavior moving forward. On processors with invariant TSC support, the OS may use the TSC for wall clock timer services (instead of ACPI or HPET timers). TSC reads are much more efficient and do not incur the overhead associated with a ring transition or access to a platform resource." DateTime.Now Good but it has only a resolution of 16ms which can be not enough if you want more accuracy. Reporting Method Potential Pitfalls Console.WriteLine Ok if not called too often. Debug.Print Are you really measuring performance with Debug Builds? Shame on you. Trace.WriteLine Better but you need to plug in some good output listener like a trace file. But be aware that the first time you call this method it will read your app.config and deserialize your system.diagnostics section which does also take time. In general it is a good idea to use some tracing library which does measure the timing for you and you only need to decorate some methods with tracing so you can later verify if something has changed for the better or worse. In my previous article I did compare measuring performance with quantum mechanics. This analogy does work surprising well. When you measure a quantum system there is a lower limit how accurately you can measure something. The Heisenberg uncertainty relation does tell us that you cannot measure of a quantum system the impulse and location of a particle at the same time with infinite accuracy. For programmers the two variables are execution time and memory allocations. If you try to measure the timings of all methods in your application you will need to store them somewhere. The fastest storage space besides the CPU cache is the memory. But if your timing values do consume all available memory there is no memory left for the actual application to run. On the other hand if you try to record all memory allocations of your application you will also need to store the data somewhere. This will cost you memory and execution time. These constraints are always there and regardless how good the marketing of tool vendors for performance and memory profilers are: Any measurement will disturb the system in a non predictable way. Commercial tool vendors will tell you they do calculate this overhead and subtract it from the measured values to give you the most accurate values but in reality it is not entirely true. After falling into the trap to trust the profiler timings several times I have got into the habit to Measure with a profiler to get an idea where potential bottlenecks are. Measure again with tracing only the specific methods to check if this method is really worth optimizing. Optimize it Measure again. Be surprised that your optimization has made things worse. Think harder Implement something that really works. Measure again Finished! - Or look for the next bottleneck. Recently I have looked into issues with serialization performance. For serialization DataContractSerializer was used and I was not sure if XML is really the most optimal wire format. After looking around I have found protobuf-net which uses Googles Protocol Buffer format which is a compact binary serialization format. What is good for Google should be good for us. A small sample app to check out performance was a matter of minutes: using ProtoBuf; using System; using System.Diagnostics; using System.IO; using System.Reflection; using System.Runtime.Serialization; [DataContract, Serializable] class Data { [DataMember(Order=1)] public int IntValue { get; set; } [DataMember(Order = 2)] public string StringValue { get; set; } [DataMember(Order = 3)] public bool IsActivated { get; set; } [DataMember(Order = 4)] public BindingFlags Flags { get; set; } } class Program { static MemoryStream _Stream = new MemoryStream(); static MemoryStream Stream { get { _Stream.Position = 0; _Stream.SetLength(0); return _Stream; } } static void Main(string[] args) { DataContractSerializer ser = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(Data)); Data data = new Data { IntValue = 100, IsActivated = true, StringValue = "Hi this is a small string value to check if serialization does work as expected" }; var sw = Stopwatch.StartNew(); int Runs = 1000 * 1000; for (int i = 0; i < Runs; i++) { //ser.WriteObject(Stream, data); Serializer.Serialize<Data>(Stream, data); } sw.Stop(); Console.WriteLine("Did take {0:N0}ms for {1:N0} objects", sw.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds, Runs); Console.ReadLine(); } } The results are indeed promising: Serializer Time in ms N objects protobuf-net 807 1000000 DataContract 4402 1000000 Nearly a factor 5 faster and a much more compact wire format. Lets use it! After switching over to protbuf-net the transfered wire data has dropped by a factor two (good) and the performance has worsened by nearly a factor two. How is that possible? We have measured it? Protobuf-net is much faster! As it turns out protobuf-net is faster but it has a cost: For the first time a type is de/serialized it does use some very smart code-gen which does not come for free. Lets try to measure this one by setting of our performance test app the Runs value not to one million but to 1. Serializer Time in ms N objects protobuf-net 85 1 DataContract 24 1 The code-gen overhead is significant and can take up to 200ms for more complex types. The break even point where the code-gen cost is amortized by its faster serialization performance is (assuming small objects) somewhere between 20.000-40.000 serialized objects. As it turned out my specific scenario involved about 100 types and 1000 serializations in total. That explains why the good old DataContractSerializer is not so easy to take out of business. The final approach I ended up was to reduce the number of types and to serialize primitive types via BinaryWriter directly which turned out to be a pretty good alternative. It sounded good until I measured again and found that my optimizations so far do not help much. After looking more deeper at the profiling data I did found that one of the 1000 calls did take 50% of the time. So how do I find out which call it was? Normal profilers do fail short at this discipline. A (totally undeserved) relatively unknown profiler is SpeedTrace which does unlike normal profilers create traces of your applications by instrumenting your IL code at runtime. This way you can look at the full call stack of the one slow serializer call to find out if this stack was something special. Unfortunately the call stack showed nothing special. But luckily I have my own tracing as well and I could see that the slow serializer call did happen during the serialization of a bool value. When you encounter after much analysis something unreasonable you cannot explain it then the chances are good that your thread was suspended by the garbage collector. If there is a problem with excessive GCs remains to be investigated but so far the serialization performance seems to be mostly ok. When you do profile a complex system with many interconnected processes you can never be sure that the timings you just did measure are accurate at all. Some process might be hitting the disc slowing things down for all other processes for some seconds as well. There is a big difference between warm and cold startup. If you restart all processes you can basically forget the first run because of the OS disc cache, JIT and GCs make the measured timings very flexible. When you are in need of a random number generator you should measure cold startup times of a sufficiently complex system. After the first run you can try again getting different and much lower numbers. Now try again at least two times to get some feeling how stable the numbers are. Oh and try to do the same thing the next day. It might be that the bottleneck you found yesterday is gone today. Thanks to GC and other random stuff it can become pretty hard to find stuff worth optimizing if no big bottlenecks except bloatloads of code are left anymore. When I have found a spot worth optimizing I do make the code changes and do measure again to check if something has changed. If it has got slower and I am certain that my change should have made it faster I can blame the GC again. The thing is that if you optimize stuff and you allocate less objects the GC times will shift to some other location. If you are unlucky it will make your faster working code slower because you see now GCs at times where none were before. This is where the stuff does get really tricky. A safe escape hatch is to create a repro of the slow code in an isolated application so you can change things fast in a reliable manner. Then the normal profilers do also start working again. As Vance Morrison does point out it is much more complex to profile a system against the wall clock compared to optimize for CPU time. The reason is that for wall clock time analysis you need to understand how your system does work and which threads (if you have not one but perhaps 20) are causing a visible delay to the end user and which threads can wait a long time without affecting the user experience at all. Next time: Commercial profiler shootout.

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Unity – Part 5: Injecting Values

- by Ricardo Peres

Introduction This is the fifth post on Unity. You can find the introductory post here, the second post, on dependency injection here, a third one on Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP) here and the latest so far, on writing custom extensions, here. This time we will talk about injecting simple values. An Inversion of Control (IoC) / Dependency Injector (DI) container like Unity can be used for things other than injecting complex class dependencies. It can also be used for setting property values or method/constructor parameters whenever a class is built. The main difference is that these values do not have a lifetime manager associated with them and do not come from the regular IoC registration store. Unlike, for instance, MEF, Unity won’t let you register as a dependency a string or an integer, so you have to take a different approach, which I will describe in this post. Scenario Let’s imagine we have a base interface that describes a logger – the same as in previous examples: 1: public interface ILogger 2: { 3: void Log(String message); 4: } And a concrete implementation that writes to a file: 1: public class FileLogger : ILogger 2: { 3: public String Filename 4: { 5: get; 6: set; 7: } 8: 9: #region ILogger Members 10: 11: public void Log(String message) 12: { 13: using (Stream file = File.OpenWrite(this.Filename)) 14: { 15: Byte[] data = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(message); 16: 17: file.Write(data, 0, data.Length); 18: } 19: } 20: 21: #endregion 22: } And let’s say we want the Filename property to come from the application settings (appSettings) section on the Web/App.config file. As usual with Unity, there is an extensibility point that allows us to automatically do this, both with code configuration or statically on the configuration file. Extending Injection We start by implementing a class that will retrieve a value from the appSettings by inheriting from ValueElement: 1: sealed class AppSettingsParameterValueElement : ValueElement, IDependencyResolverPolicy 2: { 3: #region Private methods 4: private Object CreateInstance(Type parameterType) 5: { 6: Object configurationValue = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings[this.AppSettingsKey]; 7: 8: if (parameterType != typeof(String)) 9: { 10: TypeConverter typeConverter = this.GetTypeConverter(parameterType); 11: 12: configurationValue = typeConverter.ConvertFromInvariantString(configurationValue as String); 13: } 14: 15: return (configurationValue); 16: } 17: #endregion 18: 19: #region Private methods 20: private TypeConverter GetTypeConverter(Type parameterType) 21: { 22: if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(this.TypeConverterTypeName) == false) 23: { 24: return (Activator.CreateInstance(TypeResolver.ResolveType(this.TypeConverterTypeName)) as TypeConverter); 25: } 26: else 27: { 28: return (TypeDescriptor.GetConverter(parameterType)); 29: } 30: } 31: #endregion 32: 33: #region Public override methods 34: public override InjectionParameterValue GetInjectionParameterValue(IUnityContainer container, Type parameterType) 35: { 36: Object value = this.CreateInstance(parameterType); 37: return (new InjectionParameter(parameterType, value)); 38: } 39: #endregion 40: 41: #region IDependencyResolverPolicy Members 42: 43: public Object Resolve(IBuilderContext context) 44: { 45: Type parameterType = null; 46: 47: if (context.CurrentOperation is ResolvingPropertyValueOperation) 48: { 49: ResolvingPropertyValueOperation op = (context.CurrentOperation as ResolvingPropertyValueOperation); 50: PropertyInfo prop = op.TypeBeingConstructed.GetProperty(op.PropertyName); 51: parameterType = prop.PropertyType; 52: } 53: else if (context.CurrentOperation is ConstructorArgumentResolveOperation) 54: { 55: ConstructorArgumentResolveOperation op = (context.CurrentOperation as ConstructorArgumentResolveOperation); 56: String args = op.ConstructorSignature.Split('(')[1].Split(')')[0]; 57: Type[] types = args.Split(',').Select(a => Type.GetType(a.Split(' ')[0])).ToArray(); 58: ConstructorInfo ctor = op.TypeBeingConstructed.GetConstructor(types); 59: parameterType = ctor.GetParameters().Where(p => p.Name == op.ParameterName).Single().ParameterType; 60: } 61: else if (context.CurrentOperation is MethodArgumentResolveOperation) 62: { 63: MethodArgumentResolveOperation op = (context.CurrentOperation as MethodArgumentResolveOperation); 64: String methodName = op.MethodSignature.Split('(')[0].Split(' ')[1]; 65: String args = op.MethodSignature.Split('(')[1].Split(')')[0]; 66: Type[] types = args.Split(',').Select(a => Type.GetType(a.Split(' ')[0])).ToArray(); 67: MethodInfo method = op.TypeBeingConstructed.GetMethod(methodName, types); 68: parameterType = method.GetParameters().Where(p => p.Name == op.ParameterName).Single().ParameterType; 69: } 70: 71: return (this.CreateInstance(parameterType)); 72: } 73: 74: #endregion 75: 76: #region Public properties 77: [ConfigurationProperty("appSettingsKey", IsRequired = true)] 78: public String AppSettingsKey 79: { 80: get 81: { 82: return ((String)base["appSettingsKey"]); 83: } 84: 85: set 86: { 87: base["appSettingsKey"] = value; 88: } 89: } 90: #endregion 91: } As you can see from the implementation of the IDependencyResolverPolicy.Resolve method, this will work in three different scenarios: When it is applied to a property; When it is applied to a constructor parameter; When it is applied to an initialization method. The implementation will even try to convert the value to its declared destination, for example, if the destination property is an Int32, it will try to convert the appSettings stored string to an Int32. Injection By Configuration If we want to configure injection by configuration, we need to implement a custom section extension by inheriting from SectionExtension, and registering our custom element with the name “appSettings”: 1: sealed class AppSettingsParameterInjectionElementExtension : SectionExtension 2: { 3: public override void AddExtensions(SectionExtensionContext context) 4: { 5: context.AddElement<AppSettingsParameterValueElement>("appSettings"); 6: } 7: } And on the configuration file, for setting a property, we use it like this: 1: <appSettings> 2: <add key="LoggerFilename" value="Log.txt"/> 3: </appSettings> 4: <unity xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/practices/2010/unity"> 5: <container> 6: <register type="MyNamespace.ILogger, MyAssembly" mapTo="MyNamespace.ConsoleLogger, MyAssembly"/> 7: <register type="MyNamespace.ILogger, MyAssembly" mapTo="MyNamespace.FileLogger, MyAssembly" name="File"> 8: <lifetime type="singleton"/> 9: <property name="Filename"> 10: <appSettings appSettingsKey="LoggerFilename"/> 11: </property> 12: </register> 13: </container> 14: </unity> If we would like to inject the value as a constructor parameter, it would be instead: 1: <unity xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/practices/2010/unity"> 2: <sectionExtension type="MyNamespace.AppSettingsParameterInjectionElementExtension, MyAssembly" /> 3: <container> 4: <register type="MyNamespace.ILogger, MyAssembly" mapTo="MyNamespace.ConsoleLogger, MyAssembly"/> 5: <register type="MyNamespace.ILogger, MyAssembly" mapTo="MyNamespace.FileLogger, MyAssembly" name="File"> 6: <lifetime type="singleton"/> 7: <constructor> 8: <param name="filename" type="System.String"> 9: <appSettings appSettingsKey="LoggerFilename"/> 10: </param> 11: </constructor> 12: </register> 13: </container> 14: </unity> Notice the appSettings section, where we add a LoggerFilename entry, which is the same as the one referred by our AppSettingsParameterInjectionElementExtension extension. For more advanced behavior, you can add a TypeConverterName attribute to the appSettings declaration, where you can pass an assembly qualified name of a class that inherits from TypeConverter. This class will be responsible for converting the appSettings value to a destination type. Injection By Attribute If we would like to use attributes instead, we need to create a custom attribute by inheriting from DependencyResolutionAttribute: 1: [Serializable] 2: [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Parameter | AttributeTargets.Property, AllowMultiple = false, Inherited = true)] 3: public sealed class AppSettingsDependencyResolutionAttribute : DependencyResolutionAttribute 4: { 5: public AppSettingsDependencyResolutionAttribute(String appSettingsKey) 6: { 7: this.AppSettingsKey = appSettingsKey; 8: } 9: 10: public String TypeConverterTypeName 11: { 12: get; 13: set; 14: } 15: 16: public String AppSettingsKey 17: { 18: get; 19: private set; 20: } 21: 22: public override IDependencyResolverPolicy CreateResolver(Type typeToResolve) 23: { 24: return (new AppSettingsParameterValueElement() { AppSettingsKey = this.AppSettingsKey, TypeConverterTypeName = this.TypeConverterTypeName }); 25: } 26: } As for file configuration, there is a mandatory property for setting the appSettings key and an optional TypeConverterName for setting the name of a TypeConverter. Both the custom attribute and the custom section return an instance of the injector AppSettingsParameterValueElement that we implemented in the first place. Now, the attribute needs to be placed before the injected class’ Filename property: 1: public class FileLogger : ILogger 2: { 3: [AppSettingsDependencyResolution("LoggerFilename")] 4: public String Filename 5: { 6: get; 7: set; 8: } 9: 10: #region ILogger Members 11: 12: public void Log(String message) 13: { 14: using (Stream file = File.OpenWrite(this.Filename)) 15: { 16: Byte[] data = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(message); 17: 18: file.Write(data, 0, data.Length); 19: } 20: } 21: 22: #endregion 23: } Or, if we wanted to use constructor injection: 1: public class FileLogger : ILogger 2: { 3: public String Filename 4: { 5: get; 6: set; 7: } 8: 9: public FileLogger([AppSettingsDependencyResolution("LoggerFilename")] String filename) 10: { 11: this.Filename = filename; 12: } 13: 14: #region ILogger Members 15: 16: public void Log(String message) 17: { 18: using (Stream file = File.OpenWrite(this.Filename)) 19: { 20: Byte[] data = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(message); 21: 22: file.Write(data, 0, data.Length); 23: } 24: } 25: 26: #endregion 27: } Usage Just do: 1: ILogger logger = ServiceLocator.Current.GetInstance<ILogger>("File"); And off you go! A simple way do avoid hardcoded values in component registrations. Of course, this same concept can be applied to registry keys, environment values, XML attributes, etc, etc, just change the implementation of the AppSettingsParameterValueElement class. Next stop: custom lifetime managers.

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