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  • Are closures with side-effects considered "functional style"?

    - by Giorgio
    Many modern programming languages support some concept of closure, i.e. of a piece of code (a block or a function) that Can be treated as a value, and therefore stored in a variable, passed around to different parts of the code, be defined in one part of a program and invoked in a totally different part of the same program. Can capture variables from the context in which it is defined, and access them when it is later invoked (possibly in a totally different context). Here is an example of a closure written in Scala: def filterList(xs: List[Int], lowerBound: Int): List[Int] = xs.filter(x => x >= lowerBound) The function literal x => x >= lowerBound contains the free variable lowerBound, which is closed (bound) by the argument of the function filterList that has the same name. The closure is passed to the library method filter, which can invoke it repeatedly as a normal function. I have been reading a lot of questions and answers on this site and, as far as I understand, the term closure is often automatically associated with functional programming and functional programming style. The definition of function programming on wikipedia reads: In computer science, functional programming is a programming paradigm that treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions and avoids state and mutable data. It emphasizes the application of functions, in contrast to the imperative programming style, which emphasizes changes in state. and further on [...] in functional code, the output value of a function depends only on the arguments that are input to the function [...]. Eliminating side effects can make it much easier to understand and predict the behavior of a program, which is one of the key motivations for the development of functional programming. On the other hand, many closure constructs provided by programming languages allow a closure to capture non-local variables and change them when the closure is invoked, thus producing a side effect on the environment in which they were defined. In this case, closures implement the first idea of functional programming (functions are first-class entities that can be moved around like other values) but neglect the second idea (avoiding side-effects). Is this use of closures with side effects considered functional style or are closures considered a more general construct that can be used both for a functional and a non-functional programming style? Is there any literature on this topic? IMPORTANT NOTE I am not questioning the usefulness of side-effects or of having closures with side effects. Also, I am not interested in a discussion about the advantages / disadvantages of closures with or without side effects. I am only interested to know if using such closures is still considered functional style by the proponent of functional programming or if, on the contrary, their use is discouraged when using a functional style.

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  • How to get around the Circular Reference issue with JSON and Entity

    - by DanScan
    I have been experimenting with creating a website that leverages MVC with JSON for my presentation layer and Entity framework for data model/database. My Issue comes into play with serializing my Model objects into JSON. I am using the code first method to create my database. When doing the code first method a one to many relationship (parent/child) requires the child to have a reference back to the parent. (Example code my be a typo but you get the picture) class parent { public List<child> Children{get;set;} public int Id{get;set;} } class child { public int ParentId{get;set;} [ForeignKey("ParentId")] public parent MyParent{get;set;} public string name{get;set;} } When returning a "parent" object via a JsonResult a circular reference error is thrown because "child" has a property of class parent. I have tried the ScriptIgnore attribute but I lose the ability to look at the child objects. I will need to display information in a parent child view at some point. I have tried to make base classes for both parent and child that do not have a circular reference. Unfortunately when I attempt to send the baseParent and baseChild these are read by the JSON Parser as their derived classes (I am pretty sure this concept is escaping me). Base.baseParent basep = (Base.baseParent)parent; return Json(basep, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet); The one solution I have come up with is to create "View" Models. I create simple versions of the database models that do not include the reference to the parent class. These view models each have method to return the Database Version and a constructor that takes the database model as a parameter (viewmodel.name = databasemodel.name). This method seems forced although it works. NOTE:I am posting here because I think this is more discussion worthy. I could leverage a different design pattern to over come this issue or it could be as simple as using a different attribute on my model. In my searching I have not seen a good method to overcome this problem. My end goal would be to have a nice MVC application that heavily leverages JSON for communicating with the server and displaying data. While maintaining a consistant model across layers (or as best as I can come up with).

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  • Drawing flaming letters in 3D with OpenGL ES 2.0

    - by Chiquis
    I am a bit confused about how to achieve this. What I want is to "draw with flames". I have achieved this with textures successfully, but now my concern is about doing this with particles to achieve the flaming effect. Am I supposed to create a path along which I should add many particle emitters that will be emitting flame particles? I understand the concept for 2D, but for 3D are the particles always supposed to be facing the user? Something else I'm worried about is the performance hit that will occur by having that many particle emitters, because there can be many letters and drawings at the same time, and each of these elements will have many particle emitters. More detailed explanation: I have a path of points, which is my model. Imagine a dotted letter "S" for example. I want make the "S" be on fire. The "S" is just an example it can be a circle, triangle, a line, pretty much any path described by my set of points. For achieving this fire effect I thought about using particles. So I am using a program called "Particle Designer" to create a fire style particle emitter. This emitter looks perfect on 2D on the iphone screen dimensions. So then I thought that I could probably draw an S or any other figure if i place many particle emitters next to each other following the path described. To move from the 2D version to the 3D version I thought about, scaling the emitter (with a scale matrix multiplication in its model matrix) and then moving it to a point in my 3D world. I did this and it works. So now I have 1 particle emitter in the 3D world. My question is, is this how you would achieve a flaming letter? Is this too inefficient if i expect to have many flaming paths on my world? Am i supposed to rotate the particle's quad so that its always looking at the user? (the last one is because i noticed that if u look at it from the side the particles start to flatten out)

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  • OAuth with RestSharp in Windows Phone

    - by midoBB
    Nearly every major API provider uses OAuth for the user authentication and while it is easy to understand the concept, using it in a Windows Phone app isn’t pretty straightforward. So for this quick tutorial we will be using RestSharp for WP7 and the API from getglue.com (an entertainment site) to authorize the user. So the first step is to get the OAuth request token and then we redirect our browserControl to the authorization URL private void StartLogin() {   var client = new RestClient("https://api.getglue.com/"); client.Authenticator = OAuth1Authenticator.ForRequestToken("ConsumerKey", "ConsumerSecret"); var request = new RestRequest("oauth/request_token"); client.ExecuteAsync(request, response => { _oAuthToken = GetQueryParameter(response.Content, "oauth_token"); _oAuthTokenSecret = GetQueryParameter(response.Content, "oauth_token_secret"); string authorizeUrl = "http://getglue.com/oauth/authorize" + "?oauth_token=" + _oAuthToken + "&style=mobile"; Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => { browserControl.Navigate(new Uri(authorizeUrl)); }); }); } private static string GetQueryParameter(string input, string parameterName) { foreach (string item in input.Split('&')) { var parts = item.Split('='); if (parts[0] == parameterName) { return parts[1]; } } return String.Empty; } Then we listen to the browser’s Navigating Event private void Navigating(Microsoft.Phone.Controls.NavigatingEventArgs e) { if (e.Uri.AbsoluteUri.Contains("oauth_callback")) { var arguments = e.Uri.AbsoluteUri.Split('?'); if (arguments.Length < 1) return; GetAccessToken(arguments[1]); } } private void GetAccessToken(string uri) { var requestToken = GetQueryParameter(uri, "oauth_token"); var client = new RestClient("https://api.getglue.com/"); client.Authenticator = OAuth1Authenticator.ForAccessToken(ConsumerKey, ConsumerSecret, _oAuthToken, _oAuthTokenSecret); var request = new RestRequest("oauth/access_token"); client.ExecuteAsync(request, response => { AccessToken = GetQueryParameter(response.Content, "oauth_token"); AccessTokenSecret = GetQueryParameter(response.Content, "oauth_token_secret"); UserId = GetQueryParameter(response.Content, "glue_userId"); }); } Now to test it we can access the user’s friends list var client = new RestClient("http://api.getglue.com/v2"); client.Authenticator = OAuth1Authenticator.ForProtectedResource(ConsumerKey, ConsumerSecret, GAccessToken, AccessTokenSecret); var request = new RestRequest("/user/friends"); request.AddParameter("userId", UserId,ParameterType.GetOrPost); // request.AddParameter("category", "all",ParameterType.GetOrPost); client.ExecuteAsync(request, response => { TreatFreindsList(); }); And that’s it now we can access all OAuth methods using RestSharp.

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  • Organization &amp; Architecture UNISA Studies &ndash; Chap 13

    - by MarkPearl
    Learning Outcomes Explain the advantages of using a large number of registers Discuss the way in which compilers optimize register usage Discuss the evolution of CISC machines Describe the characteristics of RISC architecture Discuss the RISC vs. CISC controversy Describe the way in which RISC and CISC design principles can be combined Instruction Execution Characteristics To understand the the line of reasoning of RISC advocates, we need a brief overview of instruction execution characteristics. These include… Operations Operands Procedure Calls These three sections can be studied in depth in the textbook at pages 503 - 505 A number of groups have come up with the conclusion that the attempt to make the instruction set architecture closer to HLLs (High Level Languages) is not the most effective design strategy. Rather HLL’s can be best supported by optimizing performance of the most time-consuming features of typical HLL programs. Generally 3 main characteristics came up to improve performance… Use a large number of registers or use a compiler to optimize register usage Careful attention needs to be paid to the design of instruction pipelines A simplified (reduced) instruction set is indicated The use of a large register optimization One of the most important design principles of RISC machines is the use of a large number of registers. The concept of register windows and the use of a large register file versus the use of cache memory are discussed. On the face of it, the use of a large set of registers should decrease the need to access memory. The design task is to organize the registers in such a fashion that this goal is realized. Read page 507 – 510 for a detailed explanation. Compiler-based register optimization   Reduced Instructions Set Architecture There are two advantages to smaller programs… Because the program takes up less memory, there is a savings in that resource (this was more compelling when memory was more expensive) Smaller programs should improve performance, and this will happen in two ways – fewer instructions means fewer instruction bytes to be fetched and in a paging environment smaller programs occupy fewer pages, reducing page faults. Certain characteristics are common to RISC processors… One instruction per cycle Register-to-register operations Simple addressing modes Simple instruction formats RISC vs. CISC After initial enthusiasm for RISC machines, there has been a growing realization that RISC designs may benefit from the inclusion of some CISC features CISC designs may benefit from the inclusion of some RISC features

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  • High-Powered Sites for low Cost

    - by HighAltitudeCoder
    Ahh, I am experiencing the intimidation of my very first post - visible by the whole world. Ok, here goes.   This first post is nothing exceptional.  It is simply a recommendation based (fittingly, I suppose) upon the job search you may be gearing up for.  I find myself in this very situation right now.  And, I will take my own recommendation after posting this entry. Job-Seekers: To the left you will notice two links under "Recommended Learning".  I have found these links to be invaluable when it comes to re-tooling, re-familiarizing, or otherwise resharping my skills when looking for that next job. Often, you will find job-postings with the text, usually posted after a laborious list of qualifications indicating the company's desire to hire candidates who know what they are doing: "...Looking for a candidate who can hit the ground running...".  The interesting thing about this post to me is I've encountered many individuals who, after speaking and working with them for some time, I've realized are perfectly capable of hitting the ground running - and FAST.  But what if they speed off in the wrong direction? The next time you spearhead a major task in your job, ask yourself: Am I headed in the wrong direction?  There are many ways to do this.  In fact, I've found in this new field there are more tempting ways to steer your project in the wrong direction than there are good ones.  I don't want to suggest that every one of my posts will fall into the "right direction" category, however I do think a healthy dose of introspection of the pros and cons will always be beneficial before you set off. That said, allow me to expound on the previously mentioned links. These web sites are invaluable.  They demonstrate the capabilities of existing as well as new and upcoming tools available in several IDE's.  I've viewed many tutorials in LearnVisualStudio.NET, and only one or two so far in TrainingSpot, however I've been delighted in their simplicity and straightforward approach to proper usage of the particular tool or concept being discussed.  They have not (so far in my experience) demonstrated ways in which to use the tools that become cumbersome, impractical, or error-prone. Each website has step-by-step videos that can be paused, replayed, and most importantly, they are done in real time.  As the author is typing, the viewer gets to experience the coding experience from a first-person perspective, including syntax errors, unexpected behaviors, IDE setup idiosyncracies, everything.  A subtle value I've gained from these videos is that a certain degree of confusion and introspection is normal when working with new tools and exploring new paths.  They (as well as your own experience) are not to be feared, but enjoyed.  I highly recommend them. Good work, guys!

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  • Practices for domain models in Javascript (with frameworks)

    - by AndyBursh
    This is a question I've to-and-fro'd with for a while, and searched for and found nothing on: what're the accepted practices surrounding duplicating domain models in Javascript for a web application, when using a framework like Backbone or Knockout? Given a web application of a non-trivial size with a set of domain models on the server side, should we duplicate these models in the web application (see the example at the bottom)? Or should we use the dynamic nature to load these models from the server? To my mind, the arguments for duplicating the models are in easing validation of fields, ensuring that fields that expected to be present are in fact present etc. My approach is to treat the client-side code like an almost separate application, doing trivial things itself and only relying on the server for data and complex operations (which require data the client-side doesn't have). I think treating the client-side code like this is akin to separation between entities from an ORM and the models used with the view in the UI layer: they may have the same fields and relate to the same domain concept, but they're distinct things. On the other hand, it seems to me that duplicating these models on the server side is a clear violation of DRY and likely to lead to differing results on the client- and server-side (where one piece gets updated but the other doesn't). To avoid this violation of DRY we can simply use Javascripts dynamism to get the field names and data from the server as and when they're neeed. So: are there any accepted guidelines around when (and when not) to repeat yourself in these situations? Or this a purely subjective thing, based on the project and developer(s)? Example Server-side model class M { int A DateTime B int C int D = (A*C) double SomeComplexCalculation = ServiceLayer.Call(); } Client-side model function M(){ this.A = ko.observable(); this.B = ko.observable(); this.C = ko.observable(); this.D = function() { return A() * C(); } this.SomeComplexCalculation = ko.observalbe(); return this; }l M.GetComplexValue = function(){ this.SomeComplexCalculation(Ajax.CallBackToServer()); }; I realise this question is quite similar to this one, but I think this is more about almost wholly untying the web application from the server, where that question is about doing this only in the case of complex calculation.

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  • "Whole-team" C++ features?

    - by Blaisorblade
    In C++, features like exceptions impact your whole program: you can either disable them in your whole program, or you need to deal with them throughout your code. As a famous article on C++ Report puts it: Counter-intuitively, the hard part of coding exceptions is not the explicit throws and catches. The really hard part of using exceptions is to write all the intervening code in such a way that an arbitrary exception can propagate from its throw site to its handler, arriving safely and without damaging other parts of the program along the way. Since even new throws exceptions, every function needs to provide basic exception safety — unless it only calls functions which guarantee throwing no exception — unless you disable exceptions altogether in your whole project. Hence, exceptions are a "whole-program" or "whole-team" feature, since they must be understood by everybody in a team using them. But not all C++ features are like that, as far as I know. A possible example is that if I don't get templates but I do not use them, I will still be able to write correct C++ — or will I not?. I can even call sort on an array of integers and enjoy its amazing speed advantage wrt. C's qsort (because no function pointer is called), without risking bugs — or not? It seems templates are not "whole-team". Are there other C++ features which impact code not directly using them, and are hence "whole-team"? I am especially interested in features not present in C. Update: I'm especially looking for features where there's no language-enforced sign you need to be aware of them. The first answer I got mentioned const-correctness, which is also whole-team, hence everybody needs to learn about it; however, AFAICS it will impact you only if you call a function which is marked const, and the compiler will prevent you from calling it on non-const objects, so you get something to google for. With exceptions, you don't even get that; moreover, they're always used as soon as you use new, hence exceptions are more "insidious". Since I can't phrase this as objectively, though, I will appreciate any whole-team feature. Appendix: Why this question is objective (if you wonder) C++ is a complex language, so many projects or coding guides try to select "simple" C++ features, and many people try to include or exclude some ones according to mostly subjective criteria. Questions about that get rightfully closed regularly here on SO. Above, instead, I defined (as precisely as possible) what a "whole-team" language feature is, provide an example (exceptions), together with extensive supporting evidence in the literature about C++, and ask for whole-team features in C++ beyond exceptions. Whether you should use "whole-team" features, or whether that's a relevant concept, might be subjective — but that only means the importance of this question is subjective, like always.

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  • Are there new flexible texteditors? [closed]

    - by RParadox
    Vi(m) and Emacs are almost 40 years old. Why are they still the standard, and what attempts have been made at coming up with a new flexible editor? Are there any features which can not be built into vim/emacs? My question is similar to this one: Time to drop Emacs and vi? No one had a suggestion, which surprises me. I would have thought that the core of a texteditor is very small and that people brew their own. Perhaps nobody wants to deal with supporting all the modes? Edit to clarify my question: Instead of writing modes and scripts I ask myself, why there is not a much lightweight project, which lets people custom the editor more directly? Vim has 365395 LOC (C lines all included), Emacs 1.5 million LOC. Why is there a project with say 50k LOC, which is the core, why people can use more freely? Perhaps there is such project, I haven't looked very far. I thought about putting together modules from Vim myself and experimenting with some ideas. The core of editing shouldn't be more than 10k? Vim has a lot optimizations which is really an overkill nowadays. Basically I'm looking for a code base for my own editor and Vi/Emacs are I believe not intended to be used in this way. Bill Joy said the following about vi. http://web.cecs.pdx.edu/~kirkenda/joy84.html The fundamental problem with vi is that it doesn't have a mouse and therefore you've got all these commands. In some sense, its backwards from the kind of thing you'd get from a mouse-oriented thing. I think multiple levels of undo would be wonderful, too. But fundamentally, vi is still ed inside. You can't really fool it. Its like one of those pinatas - things that have candy inside but has layer after layer of paper mache on top. It doesn't really have a unified concept. I think if I were going to go back - I wouldn't go back, but start over again.

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  • Is it smart to take a year off from school to get experience?

    - by user134147
    firstly I apologize if this question is not appropriate for the site, but I've seen other similar (though slightly deviant) questions on this sight before and I know the people here are the most qualified to answer my question. Anyways, I'm currently between my sophomore and junior years at a 4 year university, and after a bit of deliberation I've decided on computer science as a major (BA, by the way, as a BS would require me to stay at least an extra year the way our program is set up). I've been interested now in programming for a few months and I've developed a passion for it in a very short time. I began learning C++, migrating to Java recently when I learned my school focuses on this language. Now, I should mention that the concept of higher education has never sat well with me, so part of my motivation for wanting to take time off is to truly challenge myself and see what I can accomplish when I actually try at something. The autodidact in me finds it difficult to focus on my passions while trying to keep a high GPA in unrelated classes. However, I understand the times we live in and therefore would plan to complete my degree after this year. So my question is whether or not the skills I learn in a year off from college could justify the time off from school. Unfortunately, I don't believe I know enough yet to gain any professional experience (internship, etc.) so I would mostly focus my time on learning Java and another language, possibly Wordpress (to gain an understanding of web programming concepts as I have not yet decided what field I want to get into, and to make some money to fund my off-year), and to delve into security concepts, which also interest me. I'm hoping I could work on projects, such as simple applications or contributions to open source software during this time to enhance my resume once I do finish school, so I can find a job out of college easier. I do not want to be the new hire who knows nothing beyond the concepts of his Java textbooks. Does anyone have any input about these thoughts of mine, or any ideas for where I should focus my studies or how high I might set the bar for my work? Thanks a lot everyone!

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  • Recommended learning path?

    - by stairmast0r
    First, my current standing: I know C++ at an.. advanced beginner level? I've gone through a book, I know the syntax well enough, I know a fair amount of standard library functions, and I've programmed some simple console stuff with it. I'd probably be able to program more with it if I knew how to structure a program, but I just can't seem to wrap my head around the whole concept of structuring something remotely complex. I've messed around with Java for a day or two, and the syntax was extremely easy to get the hang of, except that I didn't really know any functions. I'm plenty willing to learn, and to work hard to do so, but I don't really know where to go from here. Now, at the risk of sounding cliche, what I'd like to become is someone like the great three of id; Carmack, Romero, and Abrash. To be considered a genius. I believe anything can be learned, and nothing mentally limits anyone except lack of desire to learn. But I don't know how to learn this. They learned by doing, and making do with what resources they had. On the other hand, I have access to almost any books I want, access to the internet, and access to a more than capable computer and software. Should I learn more languages? Assembly? LISP? BASIC? Haskell? Should I dive straight into advanced topics like OpenGL? Or should I wait until I feel I've come closer to mastering the simpler things, like console programs, first? Should I follow tutorials? Should I follow books? Should I just dive into writing something and follow a reference manual as I go? What order should I do all this in? How should I do it? I want to completely master this; to be considered a genius. The most perfect career I can imagine is to start the next id. I have the drive to do it, I just don't know where to begin...

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  • Are we queueing and serializing properly?

    - by insta
    We process messages through a variety of services (one message will touch probably 9 services before it's done, each doing a specific IO-related function). Right now we have a combination of the worst-case (XML data contract serialization) and best-case (in-memory MSMQ) for performance. The nature of the message means that our serialized data ends up about 12-15 kilobytes, and we process about 4 million messages per week. Persistent messages in MSMQ were too slow for us, and as the data grows we are feeling the pressure from MSMQ's memory-mapped files. The server is at 16GB of memory usage and growing, just for queueing. Performance also suffers when the memory usage is high, as the machine starts swapping. We're already doing the MSMQ self-cleanup behavior. I feel like there's a part we're doing wrong here. I tried using RavenDB to persist the messages and just queueing an identifier, but the performance there was very slow (1000 messages per minute, at best). I'm not sure if that's a result of using the development version or what, but we definitely need a higher throughput[1]. The concept worked very well in theory but performance was not up to the task. The usage pattern has one service acting as a router, which does all reads. The other services will attach information based on their 3rd party hook, and forward back to the router. Most objects are touched 9-12 times, although about 10% are forced to loop around in this system for awhile until the 3rd parties respond appropriately. The services right now account for this and have appropriate sleeping behaviors, as we utilize the priority field of the message for this reason. So, my question, is what is an ideal stack for message passing between discrete-but-LAN'ed machines in a C#/Windows environment? I would normally start with BinaryFormatter instead of XML serialization, but that's a rabbit hole if a better way is to offload serialization to a document store. Hence, my question. [1]: The nature of our business means the sooner we process messages, the more money we make. We've empirically proven that processing a message later in the week means we are less likely to make that money. While performance of "1000 per minute" sounds plenty fast, we really need that number upwards of 10k/minute. Just because I'm giving numbers in messages per week doesn't mean we have a whole week to process those messages.

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  • Should we persist with an employee still writing bad code after many years?

    - by user94986
    I've been assigned the task of managing developers for a well-established company. They have a single developer who specialises in all their C++ coding (since forever), but the quality of the work is abysmal. Code reviews and testing have revealed many problems, one of the worst being memory leaks. The developer has never tested his code for leaks, and I discovered that the applications could leak many MBs with only a minute of use. User's were reporting huge slowdowns, and his take was, "it's nothing to do with me - if they quit and restart, it's all good again." I've given him tools to detect and trace the leaks, and sat down with him for many hours to demonstrate how the tools are used, where the problems occur, and what to do to fix them. We're 6 months down the track, and I assigned him to write a new module. I reviewed it before it was integrated into our larger code base, and was dismayed to discover the same bad coding as before. The part that I find incomprehensible is that some of the coding is worse than amateurish. For example, he wanted a class (Foo) that could populate an object of another class (Bar). He decided that Foo would hold a reference to Bar, e.g.: class Foo { public: Foo(Bar& bar) : m_bar(bar) {} private: Bar& m_bar; }; But (for other reasons) he also needed a default constructor for Foo and, rather than question his initial design, he wrote this gem: Foo::Foo() : m_bar(*(new Bar)) {} So every time the default constructor is called, a Bar is leaked. To make matters worse, Foo allocates memory from the heap for 2 other objects, but he didn't write a destructor or copy constructor. So every allocation of Foo actually leaks 3 different objects, and you can imagine what happened when a Foo was copied. And - it only gets better - he repeated the same pattern on three other classes, so it isn't a one-off slip. The whole concept is wrong on so many levels. I would feel more understanding if this came from a total novice. But this guy has been doing this for many years and has had very focussed training and advice over the past few months. I realise he has been working without mentoring or peer reviews most of that time, but I'm beginning to feel he can't change. So my question is, would you persist with someone who is writing such obviously bad code?

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  • Why shouldn't I be using public variables in my Java class?

    - by Omega
    In school, I've been told many times to stop using public for my variables. I haven't asked why yet. This question: Are Java's public fields just a tragic historical design flaw at this point? seems kinda related to this. However, they don't seem to discuss why is it "wrong", but instead focus on how can they use them instead. Look at this (unfinished) class: public class Reporte { public String rutaOriginal; public String rutaNueva; public int bytesOriginales; public int bytesFinales; public float ganancia; /** * Constructor para objetos de la clase Reporte */ public Reporte() { } } No need to understand Spanish. All this class does is hold some statistics (those public fields) and then do some operations with them (later). I will also need to be modifying those variables often. But well, since I've been told not to use public, this is what I ended up doing: public class Reporte { private String rutaOriginal; private String rutaNueva; private int bytesOriginales; private int bytesFinales; private float ganancia; /** * Constructor para objetos de la clase Reporte */ public Reporte() { } public String getRutaOriginal() { return rutaOriginal; } public String getRutaNueva() { return rutaNueva; } public int getBytesOriginales() { return bytesOriginales; } public int getBytesFinales() { return bytesFinales; } public float getGanancia() { return ganancia; } public void setRutaOriginal(String rutaOriginal) { this.rutaOriginal = rutaOriginal; } public void setRutaNueva(String rutaNueva) { this.rutaNueva = rutaNueva; } public void setBytesOriginales(int bytesOriginales) { this.bytesOriginales = bytesOriginales; } public void setBytesFinales(int bytesFinales) { this.bytesFinales = bytesFinales; } public void setGanancia(float ganancia) { this.ganancia = ganancia; } } Looks kinda pretty. But seems like a waste of time. Google searches about "When to use public in Java" and "Why shouldn't I use public in Java" seem to discuss about a concept of mutability, although I'm not really sure how to interpret such discussions. I do want my class to be mutable - all the time.

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  • What is the standard term for my role?

    - by sigil
    I'm doing work that involves writing code and managing developers in a "special projects" division of a large company. I'd like to define my role better and figure out if there's an industry standard term for what I do, so that it will be easier for me to research best practices and work on a career path What I do all day: A macro that connects an Excel sheet to an Access database is acting funny; I get called in to figure out what's happening and debug it. Someone needs data extracted from a bunch of files on Sharepoint. I figure out a client-side solution because I'm not authorized to do anything server-side and getting IT to do anything would take several months and need a business case. A manager wants a new data entry tool for their team. I interview the manager and team members to work out the functional requirements, then design/develop/test the application. Someone needs a VBA script to crunch some data for their presentation that's due in two hours. I drop everything I'm doing to hack out a quick script and run the analysis, without much in the way of testing. A developer has been hired to build a database for one of the teams, since I'm working on too many different things and don't have time to take this project on in the timeframe required. I direct his work and push him to meet certain deadlines, interview stakeholders to get more info that will help him figure out how to build the necessary forms, and modify the functional requirements of the database to fit in the timeframe. Someone wants to load a set of data into a GIS system and set up an ongoing refresh and reporting of this data set. I facilitate the conversation between the GIS developers and the owners of this data set, and design a demo application as proof of concept. It's kind of an "all-purpose programming and IT management" position, but it's not officially IT because the company has an actual IT department with a rigorously defined system of submitting requests, developing code, and managing projects. What I do, I guess, is more of a handyman job, where stuff falls to me because I'm the geekiest one in the room. Is there a standard term in the software world for what I do?

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  • Want to make RTS strategy game, good starting point...?

    - by NOLANDI
    everybody! I find this community because I did research about game developing topics. So I decide to register on this community and ask for your opinion. I am not begineer in computer stuffs, and I know logic of programming language. I have little knowlegde of C, C++, Started to learn C#...but I was always oriented about other areas of IT. Amateur for game making but not in IT general! I am interested to make RTS strategy video game, isometric camera view (like PC GAME COMMANDOS for example)...so I started to read many books about DirectX, XNA, OpenGL, C#, AI programming...so I want to know where is good starting point for making this game genre. I want to use C# for this project, not C++, since I always had trouble with it, because it is too complicated. I see good oportunity for learning C#, since it has more object-oriented concept, with much less code and easy readible code for writing. Beside of that I know that C++ is the more powerful language until today. So I want to use DirectX and C# for my project. But it will required more time for sure, to learn it. I have trouble with finding books for c# & DirectX (I found just one), but in every next book, it is programming in c++! I read many web sites and they mentioned Slim DX, and in generaly, other articles which I read tells that it is possible to make good game with combination c# and directX, but...I don't have enough information about all this stuffs, so I became confused! It is really hard to have wish to learn c++ from scratch, since I started c# and I like it really...I don't try OpenGL, but I am already familiar with DirectX (some beginning stuffs), and I think that it is good and interesting. So, I decide to choose between maybe Unity3d and XNA first. XNA...hm, it sound that it is not bad solution, but I heard that it is already overcome technology, and I think that it is better to wait with XNA, until I try to make something with DirectX and C#, at first. But I dont know it is possible to make strategy game in XNA?! Maybe I am wrong. I also, find Unity 3D game engine and I find that I could programming there in C#, but many all examples are written in Javascript (Digital tutors videos)...But I generaly have wish to learn it too, because it allows to export games to mobile phones, there a lot of documentations, it is free, etc... I want to find best way to learn C# and DirectX, and make this game, but I dont know if it's possible to combine?! But maybe is good to first try Unity and XNA, because I am beginner?! Thank you all! I am willing to hear your expirience.

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  • Transfer all 1&1 web and e-mail services to own Synology NAS using No-IP for DDNS

    - by Neo
    I have a domain x-treem.net. The registrar is DomainDiscover and I have a hosting package with 1&1 which includes web and e-mail. I also have an additional package with 1&1 - Microsoft Exchange which centralises all my e-mails, tasks, contacts, notes, etc. and I connect to it with my PC (Outlook) and my Android phone. I have just purchased a Synology NAS (DS213) and I can see I can run a web server (Web Station), e-mail server (Mail Server) on it amongst other things. I am behind a dynamic IP. So, I'm looking to get some clarification on what I must do to consolidate my services and make use of my NAS to do as much as possible and save third-party hosting costs. My registrar specifies nameservers as NS45.1AND1.CO.UK and NS46.1AND1.CO.UK. The MX record is mx00.1and1.co.uk and mx01.1and1.co.uk. I'm aware of the concept of DDNS and I am looking at using No-IP.com for this. This is where I need clarification. If I registered with the No-IP paid service and pointed my registrar to No-IP's nameservers, and used the DDNS support on my NAS (which supports No-IP), then any requests to x-treem.net would go to my NAS. Is that correct? Therefore, web requests would hit the web server on my NAS, and e-mails would hit the mail server on my NAS? So, given all of the above, I can then drop 1&1 completely and use my NAS for everything. I use MySQL, phpMyAdmin, phpBB on 1&1 all of which the Synology NAS appears to support in its available packages. As for Microsoft Exchange, Synology offers Zafara which appears to be a drop-in replacement for Exchange. Am I on the right track here, or is there anything I am missing?

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  • Avoiding DNS timeouts when a dns server fails

    - by user65124
    Hi there. We have a small datacenter with about a hundred hosts pointing to 3 internal dns servers (bind 9). Our problem comes when one of the internal dns servers becomes unavailable. At that point all the clients that point to that server start performing very slowly. The problem seems to be that the stock linux resolver doesn't really have the concept of "failing over" to a different dns server. You can adjust the timeout and number of retries it uses, (and set rotate so it will work through the list), but no matter what settings one uses our services perform much more slowly if a primary dns server becomes unavailable. At the moment this is one of the largest sources of service disruptions for us. My ideal answer would be something like "RTFM: tweak /etc/resolv.conf like this...", but if that's an option I haven't seen it. I was wondering how other folks handled this issue? I can see 3 possible types of solutions: Use linux-ha/Pacemaker and failover ips (so the dns IP VIPs are "always" available). Alas, we don't have a good fencing infrastructure, and without fencing pacemaker doesn't work very well (in my experience Pacemaker lowers availability without fencing). Run a local dns server on each node, and have resolv.conf point to localhost. This would work, but it would give us a lot more services to monitor and manage. Run a local cache on each node. Folks seem to consider nscd "broken", but dnrd seems to have the right feature set: it marks dns servers as up or down, and won't use 'down' dns servers. Any-casting seems to work only at the ip routing level, and depends on route updates for server failure. Multi-casting seemed like it would be a perfect answer, but bind does not support broadcasting or multi-casting, and the docs I could find seem to suggest that multicast dns is more aimed at service discovery and auto-configuration rather than regular dns resolving. Am I missing an obvious solution?

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  • Basic 301 Redirection Help

    - by Marc
    I am trying to learn redirection for a WordPress site of my own. I am testing the concept of redirecting a single WordPress post by using a dummy site. However, it doesn't seem to be working for me. I am trying to redirect www.perfectmatchmaker[dot]org/finding-the-right-matchmaker to www.perfectmatchmaker[dot]org/finding-the-perfect-matchmaker I read that using the following is how to do this: Redirect 301 /old.html http://www.you[dot]com/new.html So this is what my .htaccess file currently looks like: # Use PHP5 as default AddHandler application/x-httpd-php5 .php # BEGIN WordPress <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteBase / RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule . /index.php [L] </IfModule> # END WordPress Redirect 301 /finding-the-right-matchmaker.html http://www.perfectmatchmaker.org/finding-the-perfect-matchmaker.html I've also tried removing the ".html". The redirection of the URL is finally working, but the URL shows no posts available. If I try to redirect the other post on the site by adding the following on the next line of the .htaccess file, I get an error that there is a "redirect loop" occurring. redirect 301 /find-love-and-your-perfect-match-through-the-use-of-a-match-maker http://www.perfectmatchmaker.org/find-love-and-your-perfect-match Any help you can provide me would be much appreciated. Thanks! Marc

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  • Adding an user to samba

    - by JustMaximumPower
    I'm trying to setup some samba shares in my home network on an Ubuntu 12.04 machine. Everything works fine for my user account (max) but I can not add any new user. Every time I try to add new user they can not use the shares. It's likely that the error is very basic to the concept of samba but please don't just tell me to read the docs. I've been trying that for about 2 weeks now. I've set up the server with my user max who can mount transfer and the share max. Than I added the user simon with sudo adduser --no-create-home --disabled-login --shell /bin/false simon because the user should not be able to ssh into the machine. I did an sudo smbpasswd -a simon and set an (samba) password for simon and added an share for simon. I also added simon to transferusers to give him access to the share transfer. But simon can't connect to transfer or simons. ---- output of testparam: ------- Load smb config files from /etc/samba/smb.conf rlimit_max: increasing rlimit_max (1024) to minimum Windows limit (16384) Processing section "[printers]" Processing section "[print$]" Processing section "[max]" Processing section "[simons]" Processing section "[transfer]" Loaded services file OK. Server role: ROLE_STANDALONE Press enter to see a dump of your service definitions [global] server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu) map to guest = Bad User obey pam restrictions = Yes pam password change = Yes passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* . unix password sync = Yes syslog = 0 log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m max log size = 1000 dns proxy = No usershare allow guests = Yes panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d idmap config * : backend = tdb [printers] comment = All Printers path = /var/spool/samba create mask = 0700 printable = Yes print ok = Yes browseable = No [print$] comment = Printer Drivers path = /var/lib/samba/printers [max] comment = Privater share von Max path = /media/Main/max read only = No create mask = 0700 [simons] comment = Privater share von Simon path = /media/Main/simon read only = No create mask = 0700 [transfer] comment = Transferlaufwerk path = /media/Main/transfer read only = No create mask = 0755 ---- The files in /media/Main: ------ drwxrwxr-x 17 max max 4096 Oct 4 19:13 max/ drwx------ 5 simon max 4096 Aug 4 15:18 simon/ drwxrwxr-x 7 max transferusers 258048 Oct 1 22:55 transfer/

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  • Confusion about Kerberos, delegation and SPNs.

    - by Vilx-
    I already posted this question on SO, but the nature of it is between programming and server configuration, so I'll re-post it here as well. I'm trying to write a proof-of-concept application that performs Kerberos delegation. I've written all the code, and it seems to working (I'm authenticating fine), but the resulting security context doesn't have the ISC_REQ_DELEGATE flag set. So I'm thinking that maybe one of the endpoints (client or server) is forbidden to delegate. However I'm not authenticating against an SPN. Just one domain user against another domain user. As the SPN for InitializeSecurityContext() I'm passing "[email protected]" (which is the user account under which the server application is running). As I understand, domain users have delegation enabled by default. Anyway, I asked the admin to check, and the "account is sensitive and cannot be delegated" checkbox is off. I know that if my server was running as a NETWORK SERVICE and I used an SPN to connect to it, then I'd need the computer account in AD to have the "Trust computer for delegation" checkbox checked (off by default), but... this is not the case, right? Or is it? Also - when the checkbox in the computer account is set, do the changes take place immediately, or must I reboot the server PC or wait for a while?

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  • QoS basics on a Cisco ASA

    - by qbn
    Could someone briefly explain how to use QoS on Cisco ASA 5505? I have the basics of policing down, but what about shaping and priorities? Basically what I'm trying to do is carve out some bandwidth for my VPN subnets (in an object-group called priority-traffic). I've seen this Cisco QoS document, however configuring shaping and priority-queue don't seem to have any effects in my test. A full download of the linux kernel from kernel.org will boost a ping to a server via VPN sky high. Policing has been successful in passing this test, although it doesn't seem as efficient (I cap non-vpn traffic at 3 of my 4.5 megabits of bandwidth). Am I misunderstanding the results of the test? I think there is some simple concept I'm not grasping here. EDIT: Here is my config thus far (I have 4.5 megabits of bandwidth): access-list priority-traffic extended permit ip object-group priority-traffic any access-list priority-traffic extended permit ip any object-group priority-traffic access-list priority-traffic extended permit icmp object-group priority-traffic any access-list priority-traffic extended permit icmp any object-group priority-traffic access-list non-priority-traffic extended deny ip object-group priority-traffic any access-list non-priority-traffic extended deny ip any object-group priority-traffic access-list non-priority-traffic extended permit ip any any priority-queue outside queue-limit 440 class-map non-priority-traffic match access-list non-priority-traffic class-map priority-traffic match access-list priority-traffic class-map inspection_default match default-inspection-traffic policy-map type inspect dns preset_dns_map parameters message-length maximum 512 policy-map global_policy class inspection_default inspect dns preset_dns_map inspect ftp inspect h323 h225 inspect h323 ras inspect rsh inspect rtsp inspect sqlnet inspect skinny inspect sunrpc inspect xdmcp inspect sip inspect netbios inspect tftp policy-map outbound-qos-policy class non-priority-traffic police input 2500000 police output 2500000 class priority-traffic priority service-policy global_policy global service-policy outbound-qos-policy interface outside

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  • How to construct SELinux rules for a Glassfish server

    - by tronda
    I'm running Glassfish 3.1 on a CentOS 6 solution and by default SELinux is enabled. I have installed Sun's JDK version 1.6.0_29 on the server and extracted the Glassfish 3.1.1 to /opt/glassfish-3.1.1 with a link /opt/glassfish pointing to the latest Glassfish version. I've also created a system user named glassfish with a home directory /home/glassfish. When running with SELinux enabled I get all sorts of errors. For instance I'm not able to create the domain. I kind of like the concept of SELinux, and would like to be able to have SELinux enabled. I have the following requirements for the Glassfish server: Listening to port 8080 and 8081 Other ports 7676: JMS 8686: JMX monitoring, 4848: Admin console Forwarding from apache to Glassfish through mod_jk and port 8009 Starting OpenMQ as an separate process which listens to 7676 and it's JMX monitoring port 7776 Able to read and write files at a specified area (different from home directory) Able to use /tmp/ for temporary files I am aware of the audit2allow tool when running in permissive mode, but I struggle with understanding the rules that is generated from this tool, and thought that setting up these rule manually the first time would help me understand the SELinux rules better than the simplistic examples that I've seen so far. Can someone with SELinux experience help me form these SELinux rules with comments describing each part of the rules?

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  • Nginx dynamic upstream configuration / routing

    - by Dan Sosedoff
    I was experimenting with dynamic upstream configuration for nginx and cant find any good solution to implement upstream configuration from third-party source like redis or mysql. The idea behind it is to have a single file configuration in primary server and proxy requests to various app servers based on environment conditions. Think of dynamic deployments where you have X servers that are running Y workers on different ports. For instance, i create a new app and deploy. App manager selects a server and then rolls out a worker (Ruby/PHP/Python) and then reports the ip:port to the central database with status "up". At this time when i go to the given url nginx should proxy all requests to the specified ip:port upstream. The whole thing is pretty similar to what heroku does, except this proof-of-concept is not supposed to be production ready, mostly for internal needs. The easiest solution i found was using resolver with ruby-based DNS server. It works, nginx gets the IP address correctly, but the only problem is that you cant define port number for that IP. Second solution (which i havent tried yet) is to roll something else as a proxy server, maybe written in Erlang. In this case we need to use something to serve static content. Any ideas how to implement this in more flexible and stable way? P.S. Some research options: http://openresty.org/#DynamicRoutingBasedOnRedis https://github.com/nodejitsu/node-http-proxy

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  • Adding tables to a herd in bucardo

    - by Joseph the Dreamer
    Forgive my ignorance, I am a JS programmer given the task to do DB replication using bucardo. I understand the concept of how bucardo works, but setting it up is a bit confusing. The set-up is: Lubuntu Linux Two databases test_master and test_slave, using PostgreSQL Each DB has a table named test, containing 2 columns: id (PK) and test (int) I use pgAdmin3 I have already added them to bucardo's list of databases and added all tables. Table: public.test DB: test_slave PK: id (int4) Table: public.test DB: test_master PK: id (int4) As you see, due to the fact that the DBs are identical, even the schema names are identical. So when I do: bucardo_ctl add herd sample_herd public.test Ok, so it got added to the herd. But this command gets confused which database public.test comes from. So when I add a sync: $ bucardo_ctl add sync sample_sync source=sample_herd targetdb=test_slave type=fullcopy Failed to add sync: DBD::Pg::st execute failed: ERROR: Source and target databases cannot be the same: test_slave at line 118. at line 30. CONTEXT: PL/Perl function "validate_sync" at /usr/bin/bucardo_ctl line 3362. What does it mean that source and target cannot be the same? If it got confused as to which public.test to use as source, how do I differentiate?

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