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  • In what order should the Python concepts be explained to absolute beginners?

    - by Tomaž Pisanski
    I am teaching Python to undergraduate math majors. I am interested in the optimal order in which students should be introduced to various Python concepts. In my view, at each stage the students should be able to solve a non-trivial programming problem using only the tools available at that time. Each new tool should enable a simpler solution to a familiar problem. A selection of numerous concepts available in Python is essential in order to keep students focused. They should also motivated and should appreciate each newly mastered tool without too much memorization. Here are some specific questions: For instance, my predecessor introduced lists before strings. I think the opposite is a better solution. Should function definitions be introduced at the very beginning or after mastering basic structured programming ideas, such as decisions (if) and loops (while)? Should sets be introduced before dictionaries? Is it better to introduce reading and writing files early in the course or should one use input and print for most of the course? Any suggestions with explanations are most welcome.

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  • how can I design a good architechture for a Transaction Processing System?

    - by ghedas
    I have a project that must design an architecture for it. This project is a something like a Transaction Processing system and I need to know something like this: when and where I must use synchronous and asynchronous relations between its components? If always I use synchronous relations, the amount of messages maybe become exceeded and makes problem for TP system, and on the other hand synchronous relations make lots of delay, I think a mixture of them is required! If other parameters required to considering please help me! the most nonfunctional requirements of this project are performance and availability of it. I need useful materials and suggestions for it.

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  • Is ASP.net MVC a direct copy of Ruby on Rails concepts?

    - by Greg
    Hi, I'm been developing Ruby on Rails previously. I'm now looking at an ASP.net web app and I'm looking at WebForms and MVC. As I look at MVC it feels as if I'm looking at the result of something a Ruby on Rails developer implemented after being forced to work in MS land. So I'm wondering: Was MVC more or less taken directly from Ruby on Rails and it's concepts? (either intentionally or unintentionally)

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  • How are the concepts of process and threads implementated in Linux kernel?

    - by Shan
    Can any one explain how are the concepts of process and threads implemented in Linux kernel ? I am looking for an intuitive explanation with some C snippets ( and important data structures) that clearly distinguishes between the two. I am just looking for the key implementation ideas I should get hold off. Essentially, I want to understand them and implement something similar in an embedded target (not supporte by any OS) in C language.

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  • What's the best general programming book to review basic development concepts?

    - by Charles S.
    I'm looking for for a programming book that reviews basic concepts like implementing linked lists, stacks, queues, hash tables, tree traversals, search algorithms, etc. etc. Basically, I'm looking for a review of everything I learned in college but have forgotten. I prefer something written in the last few years that includes at least a decent amount of code in object-oriented languages. This is to study for job interview questions but I already have the "solving interview questions" books. I'm looking for something with a little more depth and explanation. Any good recommendations?

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  • Code understanding, reverse engineering, best concepts and tools. Java.

    - by core07
    One of most demanding tasks for any programmer, architect is understanding other's code. E.g. I am contractor, hired to rescue some project very quickly. Fix bugs, plan global refactoring and therefore I need most efficient way to understand the code. What is the list of concepts, their priority and best tools for this? Of what I know: reverse code engineering to create object models (creating of diagram per package is not so convenient), create sequence diagrams (the tool connects in debug mode to the system and generates diagrams from runtime). Some visualizing techniques, using some tools to work not just with .java but also with e.g. JPA implementors like Hibernate. Generate diagram for not all the codebase, but add some class and then classes used by it. Is Sparx Enterprise Architect state of the art in reverse engineering or far from that. Any other better tools? Ideally would be that tool makes me understand the code as if I wrote it myself :)

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  • Ways to gain a deeper understanding of programming concepts?

    - by MrPlow
    I'm a marketer and have been messing around in PHP/MySQL for years. Recently (the last several months) I've been making my own scripts/programs in Python and I've really enjoyed the whole problem solving process. I've read(skimmed) some books and understand the basics of OOP, polymorphism, etc.. I have a general interest in AI and Natural Language in particular but it seems these things require a masters in Computer Science. My knowledge of math is poor. The last class I took was calculus, and I've forgotten the majority of it. Basically I'm looking for things to learn that will help me think in a more analytic way, and maybe see solutions where I didn't before. Improving my ability to program in Python would be nice too. I don't need to learn a specific language or something for employment, just enjoyment. Although my work often involves web development so some utility would be nice. I don't like learning concepts by just reading them. I need to apply them, even if the examples are contrived. A recommendation of a couple good books or other resources would be nice. :) Apologies if this is too vague/misplaced...

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  • What are the equivalent of the following .NET concepts (ASP.NET, IIS, Linq, etc.) in Java world?

    - by Richard77
    Hello, I'm the only one among my people who navigate in .NET water, the rest is in the Java world. So, I'd like to have some common points to talk with them. What are the equivalent concepts in Java for: (by concept, I mean the purpose of such technology) Visual Studio IIS Linq Development server that ships with VS (I don't know the name) NHibernate, Subsonic, ... ASP.NET WebForm (Is there any equivalent in Java with drag and drop) ASP.NET MVC etc.(Please, add some other concepts if they are important to know) Thanks for helping

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  • PROJECT HELP NEEDED. SOME BASIC CONCEPTS GREAT CONFUSION BECAUSE OF LACK OF PROPER MATERIAL PLEASE H

    - by user287745
    Task ATTENDENCE RECORDER AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN DISTRIBUTED ENVIRONMENT ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Example implementation needed. a main server in each lab where the operator punches in the attendence of the student. =========================================================== scenerio:- a college, 10 departments, all departments have a computer lab with 60-100 computers, the computers within each lab are interconnected and all computers in any department have to dail to a particular number (THE NUMBER GIVEN BY THE COLLEGE INTERNET DEPARTMENT) to get connected to the internet. therefore safe to assume that there is a central location to which all the computers in the college are connected to. there is a 'students attendence portal' which can be accessed using internet explorer, students enter there id and get the particular attendence record regarding to the labs only. a description of the working is like:- 1) the user will select which department, which year has arrived to the lab 2) the selection will give the user a return of all the students name and there roll numbers belonging to that department; 'with a check box to "TICK MARK IF THE STUDENT IS PRESENT" ' 3) A SUBMIT BUTTON when pressed reads the 'id' of the checkbox to determine the "particular count number of the student" from that an id of the student is constructed and that id is inserted with a present. (there is also date and time and much more to normalize the db and to avoid conflicts and keep historic records etc but that you will have to assume) steps taken till this date:- ( please note we are not computer students, we are to select something of some other line as a project!, as you will read in my many post 'i" have designed small websites just out of liking. have never ever done any thing official to implement like this.) * have made the database fully normalized. * have made the website which does the functions required on the database. Testing :- deployed the db and site on a free aspspider server and it worked. tested from several computers. Now the problem please help thank youuuuuuuu a practical demonstration has to be done within the college network. no internet! we have been assigned a lab - 60 computers- to demonstrate. (please dont give replies as 60 computers only! is not a big deal one CPU can manage it. i know that; IT IS A HYPOTHETICAL SITUATION WHERE WE ASSUME THAT 60 IS NOT 60 BUT ITS LIKE 60,000 COMPUTERS) 1a) make a web server, yes iis and put files in www folder and configure server to run aspx files- although a link to a step by step guide will be appreciated)\ ? which version of windows should i ask for xp or win server 2000 something? 2a) make a database server. ( well yes install sql server 2005, okay but then what? just put the database file on a pc share it and append the connection string to the share? ) 3a) make the site accessible from the remaining computers ? http://localhost/sitename ? all users "being operators of the particular lab" have the right to edit, write or delete(in dispute), thereby any "users" who hate our program can make the database inconsistent by accessing te same record and doing different edits and then complaining? so how to prevent this? you know something like when the db table is being written to others can only read but not write.. one big confusion:- IN DISTRIBUTED ENVIRONMENT "how to implement this" where does "distributed environment" come in! meaning :- alright the labs are in different departments but the "database server will be one" the "web server will be one" so whats distributed!?

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  • Any good books out there for advanced concepts like lambdas, delegates, events etc?

    - by they_soft
    I've read about these features but I don't think I've seen enough to consistently apply them in my coding, eg "This would be better done with a delegate than with my other, outdated approach". I know what they do, but I want more examples of use cases, or want some heuristic to help me think in terms of such features. All the books I've seen either focus only on the basics or just mention the features as part of the language. Is there any book out there that deals with this? Preferably C# or language agnostic.

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  • Programming Concepts: What should be done when an exception is thrown?

    - by Dooms101
    This does not really apply to any language specifically, but if it matters I am using VB.NET in Visual Studio 2008. I can't seem to find anything really that useful using Google about this topic, but I was wondering what is common practice when an exception is thrown and caught but since it has been thrown the application cannot continue operating. For example I have exceptions that are thrown by my FileLoader class when a file cannot be found or when a file is deemed corrupt. The exception is only thrown within the class and is not handled really. If the error is detected, then the exception is thrown and whatever function is was thrown is basically quits. So in the code trying to create that object or call one of its members I use a Try...Catch statement. However, I was wondering, what should even do when this exception is caught? My application needs these files to be intact, and if they are not, the application is almost useless. So far I just pop up a message box telling the user their is an error and to reinstall. What else can I do, or better, what's common practice in these situations?

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  • Why is Clean Code suggesting avoiding protected variables?

    - by Matsemann
    Clean Code suggests avoiding protected variables in the "Vertical Distance" section of the "Formatting" chapter: Concepts that are closely related should be kept vertically close to each other. Clearly this rule doesn't work for concepts that belong in separate files. But then closely related concepts should not be separated into different files unless you have a very good reason. Indeed, this is one of the reasons that protected variables should be avoided. What is the reasoning?

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  • Programmation fonctionnelle en C++, un article de John Carmack traduit pas Arzar

    L'une des forces du langage C++ est d'être multi paradigme. Même si à la base, le C++ n'est pas un langage fonctionnel, il offre ne nombreuses fonctionnalités permettant d'implémenter certains concepts de la programmation fonctionnelles. Dans cet article, John Carmack analyse certains de ces concepts, leurs intérêts pratiques et comment les utiliser en C++. Programmation fonctionnelle en C++ Avez-vous déjà utilisé la programmation fonctionnelle en C++ ? Que pensez-vous des concepts de l...

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  • what should I read in Windows [closed]

    - by Umesha MS
    I think I am asking generic question. Being a developer in windows what should I read to improve my skills? Do I need to read concepts on need basis or do I need to read concepts well in advance? If I want to read the concepts in advance then what topics do I need to read. (Note : I am a Windows developer. I use c++ programming language, Win32/MFC frame work and I use Visual studio IDE.) Updated: To be more specific when a fresher comes to my team I will ask him to read the following things and I tell him that these are very important. 1)C++ : 1 The C++ Programming Language by Bjarne Stroustrup's 2 Thinking in C++ 2nd Edition by Bruce Eckel 2)Win32/MFC : 1 Programming Applications for Microsoft Windows by Jeffrey Richter 2 windows programming by charles petzold 3 Programming Windows with MFC –by Jeff Prosise For 2 years and above developer I ask them to read 1)Above concepts (C++ and Win32/MFC)are mandate 2)Design Pattern : 1)Gang Of Four. 2)Head first patter. 3)Design princples. But for above 6 years’ experience developer what are the concepts are important.

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  • Road to advanced Programming [closed]

    - by Srivalli Chitrapu
    I am currently working as an SDET(Software devlopment Engineer in Test). I have been doing some programming in C# as my job needs. I want to expand my knowledge and experience by creating some simple tools and applications of my own. Consider this like academic projects that are created by students at the end of their course . The idea is to have a practical knowledge on the subjects that I have a theoritical knowledge about. For Eg - I have read about multithreading and have worked on the examples but I do not have a grip over the concepts. In order to get a good grip over the concepts I want to work over some projects involving multithreading, starting with a simple one. Similarly other concepts like REST/SOAP web services using WCF. How should I design a curriculum for my self to go about learning these concepts/ technologies and creating some projects of my own. Thanks, Srivalli

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  • Differentiate procedural language(c) from oop languages(c++)

    - by niko
    I have been trying to differentiate c and c++(or oop languages) but I don't understand where the difference is. Note I have never used c++ but I asked my friends and some of them to differentiate c and c++ They say c++ has oop concepts and also the public, private modes for definition of variables and which c does not have though. Seriously I have done vb.net programming for a while 2 to 3 months, I never faced a situation to use class concepts and modes of definition like public and private. So I thought what could be the use for these? My friend explained me a program saying that if a variable is public, it can be accessed anywhere I said why not declare it as a global variable like in c? He did not get back to my question and he said if a variable is private it cannot be accessed by some other functions I said why not define it as a local variable, even these he was unable to answer. No matter where I read private variables cannot be accessed whereas public variables can be then why not make public as global and private as local whats the difference? whats the real use of public and private ? please don't say it can be used by everyone, I suppose why not we use some conditions and make the calls? I have heard people saying security reasons, a friend said if a function need to be accessed it should be inherited first. He explained saying that only admin should be able to have some rights and not all so that functions are made private and inherited only by the admin to use Then I said why not we use if condition if ( login == "admin") invoke the function he still did not answer these question. Please clear me with these things, I have done vb.net and vba and little c++ without using oop concepts because I never found their real use while I was writing the code, I'm a little afraid am I too back in oop concepts?

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  • GRE subject Computer science

    - by Maddy.Shik
    How do I prepare for the GRE Computer Science subject test? Are there any standard text books I should follow? Agree that its under graduation level and one doesn't need to dig to deep for it. I have done my computer engineering from a college who ranks in top 20 in India. So may be my curriculum has not been that good as compared to international students. Since now i want to get admission in to world renowned university's Ph. D. program. I want to enhance my basic skills up to a level to beat other international students in competition. I want to know good book references which are recommended by professors in international school like CMU, MIT, Standford etc. Like for Algorithms Coreman is considered very good. Good books builds concepts from very basic so that one doesn't need to mug up even a basic concepts. Coreman is just too good with good blend of Mathematics and programming concepts. Definitely Test paper are must but that can be practiced once one has read text books thoroughly. Besides its been 2 years i passed out from college so its is essential for me to revise all concepts from text books. Please tell me standard text books for each subject like Computer Architecture, Database Design, Operating Systems, Discrete Maths etc.

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  • Software Architecture: Quality Attributes

    Quality is what all software engineers should strive for when building a new system or adding new functionality. Dictonary.com ambiguously defines quality as a grade of excellence. Unfortunately, quality must be defined within the context of a situation in that each engineer must extract quality attributes from a project’s requirements. Because quality is defined by project requirements the meaning of quality is constantly changing base on the project. Software architecture factors that indicate the relevance and effectiveness The relevance and effectiveness of architecture can vary based on the context in which it was conceived and the quality attributes that are required to meet. Typically when evaluating architecture for a specific system regarding relevance and effectiveness the following questions should be asked.   Architectural relevance and effectiveness questions: Does the architectural concept meet the needs of the system for which it was designed? Out of the competing architectures for a system, which one is the most suitable? If we look at the first question regarding meeting the needs of a system for which it was designed. A system that answers yes to this question must meet all of its quality goals. This means that it consistently meets or exceeds performance goals for the system. In addition, the system meets all the other required system attributers based on the systems requirements. The suitability of a system is based on several factors. In order for a project to be suitable the necessary resources must be available to complete the task. Standard Project Resources: Money Trained Staff Time Life cycle factors that affect the system and design The development life cycle used on a project can drastically affect how a system’s architecture is created as well as influence its design. In the case of using the software development life cycle (SDLC) each phase must be completed before the next can begin.  This waterfall approach does not allow for changes in a system’s architecture after that phase is completed. This can lead to major system issues when the architecture for the system is not as optimal because of missed quality attributes. This can occur when a project has poor requirements and makes misguided architectural decisions to name a few examples. Once the architectural phase is complete the concepts established in this phase must move on to the design phase that is bound to use the concepts and guidelines defined in the previous phase regardless of any missing quality attributes needed for the project. If any issues arise during this phase regarding the selected architectural concepts they cannot be corrected during the current project. This directly has an effect on the design of a system because the proper qualities required for the project where not used when the architectural concepts were approved. When this is identified nothing can be done to fix the architectural issues and system design must use the existing architectural concepts regardless of its missing quality properties because the architectural concepts for the project cannot be altered. The decisions made in the design phase then preceded to fall down to the implementation phase where the actual system is coded based on the approved architectural concepts established in the architecture phase regardless of its architectural quality. Conversely projects using more of an iterative or agile methodology to implement a system has more flexibility to correct architectural decisions based on missing quality attributes. This is due to each phase of the SDLC is executed more than once so any issues identified in architecture of a system can be corrected in the next architectural phase. Subsequently the corresponding changes will then be adjusted in the following design phase so that when the project is completed the optimal architectural and design decision are applied to the solution. Architecture factors that indicate functional suitability Systems that have function shortcomings do not have the proper functionality based on the project’s driving quality attributes. What this means in English is that the system does not live up to what is required of it by the stakeholders as identified by the missing quality attributes and requirements. One way to prevent functional shortcomings is to test the project’s architecture, design, and implementation against the project’s driving quality attributes to ensure that none of the attributes were missed in any of the phases. Another way to ensure a system has functional suitability is to certify that all its requirements are fully articulated so that there is no chance for misconceptions or misinterpretations by all stakeholders. This will help prevent any issues regarding interpreting the system requirements during the initial architectural concept phase, design phase and implementation phase. Consider the applicability of other architectural models When considering an architectural model for a project is also important to consider other alternative architectural models to ensure that the model that is selected will meet the systems required functionality and high quality attributes. Recently I can remember talking about a project that I was working on and a coworker suggested a different architectural approach that I had never considered. This new model will allow for the same functionally that is offered by the existing model but will allow for a higher quality project because it fulfills more quality attributes. It is always important to seek alternatives prior to committing to an architectural model. Factors used to identify high-risk components A high risk component can be defined as a component that fulfills 2 or more quality attributes for a system. An example of this can be seen in a web application that utilizes a remote database. One high-risk component in this system is the TCIP component because it allows for HTTP connections to handle by a web server and as well as allows for the server to also connect to a remote database server so that it can import data into the system. This component allows for the assurance of data quality attribute and the accessibility quality attribute because the system is available on the network. If for some reason the TCIP component was to fail the web application would fail on two quality attributes accessibility and data assurance in that the web site is not accessible and data cannot be update as needed. Summary As stated previously, quality is what all software engineers should strive for when building a new system or adding new functionality. The quality of a system can be directly determined by how closely it is implemented when compared to its desired quality attributes. One way to insure a higher quality system is to enforce that all project requirements are fully articulated so that no assumptions or misunderstandings can be made by any of the stakeholders. By doing this a system has a better chance of becoming a high quality system based on its quality attributes

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  • Clean Code says to avoid protected variables

    - by Matsemann
    I have a question to a statement in Clean Code. I don't fully understand the reasoning to why we should avoid protected variables. It's from the chapter about Formatting, section about Vertical Distance: Concepts that are closely related should be kept vertically close to each other. Clearly this rule doesn't work for concepts that belong in separate files. But then closely related concepts should not be separated into different files unless you have a very good reason. Indeed, this is one of the reasons that protected variables should be avoided.

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  • Is there a LibreOffice equivalent to microsofts office themes?

    - by Dr. Mike
    I've used MS office for many years now. Especially powerpoint. One of the strengths is that it defines and separates the concepts of template and theme. A theme can be saved and contains fonts, colours, and a set of images that can be reused every time you create a new presentation. This ensures that everyone in your organization uses exactly the same colours and fonts all the time. Now I know that you can download templates for LibreOffice, but I have not seen anything similar to the theme concept. The file extensions used in MS office are the following for the two concepts mentioned: Example Powerpoint template file name: mytemplate.potx Example Powerpoint theme file name: mytheme.thmx Now back to my question: Do these concepts and their separation exist in LibreOffice or OpenOffice? If so, how do I create them?

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