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• Kernel Panic: line 61: can't open /scripts/functions

  - by Pavlos G.

  I'm facing a problem with all the kernels installed at my system (Ubuntu 10.10 64-bit). Installed kernel versions: 2.6.32-21 up to 2.6.35.23. The booting halted with the following error: init: .: line 61: can't open '/scripts/functions' Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init! Pid: 1, comm: init not tainted Only the first one (2.6.32-21) was working up until know. I asked for help at ubuntuforums.org and i was told to check if there's any problem regarding my graphics card (ATI Radeon). I uninstalled all the ATI-related packages as well as all the unecessary xserver-xorg-video-* drivers that were installed. I then rebooted and from then on ALL of the kernels halt with the same error (i.e. it didn't fix the problematic kernels, it just broke the only one that was working...) Any ideas on what i should try next? Thanks in advance. Pavlos.

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• Are libc versions tied to kernel versions?

  - by mathematician1975

  After reading the answers to my previous question I have come to the conclusion that an answer to the following question is what I was actually looking for: Does a particular version of the kernel require a particular version of libc to run properly? Basically my problem stems from building an application on my 12.04 ubuntu and trying to run it on 8.04. I have since learned from this and other stackexchange forums that it is backward compatibility of libc that causes these problems. Therefore what I am perhaps naively trying to do is build the same version of libc that exists on my target and then link against that on my host when I build the application. Then in an ideal world when I copy this to the host, having been linked to the "correct" libc it should work (in my head at least). I have been totally unable to find a way to install an older libc on my system, and wondered if each version is tightly bound to a kernel version, hence the above question.

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• Kernel module compilation fails when installing vmware tools

  - by nekooee

  When I install WMWare tools, I get this error for vmhgfs: /tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/filesystem.c:47:28: fatal error: linux/smp_lock.h: No such file or directory compilation terminated. compilation terminated. make[2]: *** [/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only/filesystem.o] Error 1 make[1]: *** [_module_/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only] Error 2 make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.0.0-12-generic' make: *** [vmhgfs.ko] Error 2 make: Leaving directory `/tmp/vmware-root/modules/vmhgfs-only' If you wish to have the shared folders feature, you can install the driver by running vmware-config-tools.pl again after making sure that gcc, binutils, make and the kernel sources for your running kernel are installed on your machine. These packages are available on your distribution's installation CD. And /mnt/hgfs is empty when sharing. If I run vmware-hgfsclient in a terminal, I get the list of shared folders but /mnt/hgfs is empty.

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• kernel mem parameter

  - by Ashfame

  As a last resort to my question, I am yet to try the mem parameter of kernel to force it to use the specified amount of RAM. Short Summary - I can only see 3.2GB RAM on a 64bit OS and am not sure ifs a hardware limitation, so wants to try as I found a post on Ubuntuforums. My question is if its ok to play with my resident Ubuntu install or should I be using a live bootable usb? What values do I try (I have 6GB with only 3.2GB being usable) and how to keep it safe? I don't want to burn any of my hardware component at this point of time or make the system unbootable. Running Ubuntu 11.10 with kernel 3.0.0-13-generic

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• 3.5.0-18 kernel update broke BCM43228

  - by ignition

  After updating the kernel to 3.5.0-18 the Broadcom BCM43228 wireless card of my Acer Aspire One 756 has stopped working properly. The card often refuses to connect to my AP, and if it connects it behaves very unstable. I have already reinstalled the drivers, as recommended by googling around. As far as I can tell the only driver that supports my card is the bcmwl package. I found one solution saying I should install broadcom-sta using module assistant, however I could not get this to install and apparently broadcom-sta and bcmwl are effectively the same driver? Is anyone experiencing similar issues? Is it possible to just downgrade to the previous kernel version?

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• Graphics problem after updating to Kernel 3.11 with Ubuntu 13.04 64bit

  - by Gaurav Sharma

  I am new to ubuntu.I have a 64 bit intel processor with ATI 6570 graphics card. Now Ubuntu 13.04 is working fine with stock kernel(3.8). But as I read somewhere that kernel 3.11 do support ATI graphics card better, I tired updating them with no success. I tried 3.11.6 3.11.4 3.11.0 but with all of them I am facing the same problem ... after installing them and restart, the screen resolution get distorted and the unity becomes too slow transparency in dash and the launcher is also lost. Now whatever little I know , this may be related with graphics diver either they are not present or the graphic card is not turned on. Can some one help with this. And yeah i tried ubuntu 13.10 that worked fine but it has some bugs. and yeah please pardon me for my bad English.

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• Black screen in kernel 3.8 (not 3.5, 3.11, 3.13)

  - by TheDeeno

  I need to use kernel 3.8 to address some docker compatibility issues. However, after installing this kernel when I attempt to boot my machine I get a black screen. The system appears to boot to the login screen (I hear the drum sounds), but the screen remains black. If I boot into recovery mode the video works, but is buggy/slow. In recover mode it looks like it's using the vesa driver. It'd be great if I can force this in normal mode. My machine has an ivy bridge intel processor with integrated graphics What should I do next to troubleshoot this?

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• Error when I compile kernel 3.3.2 in ubuntu 12.04

  - by rock-alternativo

  I thinks is not a bug of ubuntu. This is the output: OBJCOPY arch/x86/boot/vmlinux.bin HOSTCC arch/x86/boot/tools/build BUILD arch/x86/boot/bzImage Setup is 16800 bytes (padded to 16896 bytes). System is 4599 kB CRC f77d64c0 Kernel: arch/x86/boot/bzImage is ready (#1) Building modules, stage 2. MODPOST 3268 modules ERROR: "__modver_version_show" [drivers/staging/rts5139/rts5139.ko] undefined! WARNING: modpost: Found 4 section mismatch(es). To see full details build your kernel with: 'make CONFIG_DEBUG_SECTION_MISMATCH=y' make[1]: *** [__modpost] Error 1 make: *** [modules] Error 2

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• Ubuntu VM cannot start after Kernel upgrade

  - by AAz

  Several Ubuntu 10.04 VMs were restarted after few months and began getting "Kernel Panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)" message. Restoring those VMs from backup (to the "paused" state) allows to boot normally. However restarting the VM again results in the mentioned error message. I suspect it's the updated kernel version (2.6.32-37-server, 2.6.32-38-server) that misbehave - another Ubuntu VM (that's used as template for those failing VMs) still has 2.6.32-24-server and reboots fine. We're using HyperV (2008R2) as the server host. Nothing were changed in it's configuration. Has anyone faced this issue, please advise the solution. Many Thanks in advance!

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• Kernel Error When Upgrade 12.10 - VMWare has install in 12.04

  - by sepdau

  I have already upgraded Ubuntu 12.10 from 12.04. I have remove old kernel 3.2.21 in 12.04 ver. On my starting up it have error before login I see a error "vmware ...." In 12.04 I have install vmware 9.0 and in 12.10 when I open vmware workstation to start a virtual machine it error my monito going to black and I must logout and login angain. How to fix it? I related to vmware and kernel or not. Thank for helping!

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• PC does not restart after last kernel update

  - by user180783

  I was using ubuntu 12.04 perfectly im my desktop until last kernel update (3.2.0-51). After the update proccess and reboot the system, the unity inteface didn' t start. The only way to login in the system is by tty. I have tried the last kernel versions available in the computer, but I can't use the graphycal interface. Until the text terminals is impossible to access the unity interface. If I don't encounter a solution I will re-install the whole system. Anybody can help me?

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• Running the Ubuntu Kernel and OS on custom processor

  - by xupv5

  This is hardly a theoretical question as many have done this, albeit there's very little information on the underlying processes. I'm developing a custom MIPS-based processor on which I would like to run ubuntu. I'm quite baffled as to what to do next after you've designed the instruction set and the computer architecture itself. I need to be able to run a kernel and OS but how does it all tie in? At the moment I'm researching into designing a compiler for the linux kernel to generate the appropriate assembly language. Is that a good way to go? What do I need to do after that?

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• panic! apache2 cannot start due to unable to read error.log !

  - by vvvvvvv

  apache2 fails to start because it cannot open error.log I've checked the syslog, and found something troubling... Jan 20 02:58:18 unassigned sm-mta[3559]: o0FAD04C017861: to=<[email protected]>, delay=4+22:45:18, xdelay=00:06:18, mailer=esmtp, pri=63390823, relay=asdfa$ Jan 20 03:00:01 unassigned /USR/SBIN/CRON[3939]: (root) CMD (if [ -x /usr/bin/vnstat ] && [ `ls /var/lib/vnstat/ | wc -l` -ge 1 ]; then /usr/bin/vnstat -u; f$ Jan 20 03:00:01 unassigned /USR/SBIN/CRON[3944]: (smmsp) CMD (test -x /etc/init.d/sendmail && /usr/share/sendmail/sendmail cron-msp) Jan 20 03:00:01 unassigned /USR/SBIN/CRON[3949]: (www-data) CMD ([ -x /usr/lib/cgi-bin/awstats.pl -a -f /etc/awstats/awstats.conf -a -r /var/log/apache/acces$ Jan 20 03:02:48 unassigned kernel: [371919.642705] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x0 Jan 20 03:02:48 unassigned kernel: [371919.642754] ata3.00: BMDMA stat 0x24 Jan 20 03:02:48 unassigned kernel: [371919.642779] ata3.00: cmd 25/00:08:37:59:e2/00:00:42:00:00/e0 tag 0 dma 4096 in Jan 20 03:02:48 unassigned kernel: [371919.642780] res 51/01:00:37:59:e2/01:00:42:00:00/e0 Emask 0x1 (device error) Jan 20 03:02:48 unassigned kernel: [371919.642824] ata3.00: status: { DRDY ERR } Jan 20 03:02:48 unassigned kernel: [371919.657647] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133 Jan 20 03:02:48 unassigned kernel: [371919.657661] ata3: EH complete Jan 20 03:02:50 unassigned kernel: [371921.857580] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x0 Jan 20 03:02:50 unassigned kernel: [371921.857620] ata3.00: BMDMA stat 0x24 Jan 20 03:02:50 unassigned kernel: [371921.857645] ata3.00: cmd 25/00:08:37:59:e2/00:00:42:00:00/e0 tag 0 dma 4096 in Jan 20 03:02:50 unassigned kernel: [371921.857646] res 51/01:00:37:59:e2/01:00:42:00:00/e0 Emask 0x1 (device error) Jan 20 03:02:50 unassigned kernel: [371921.857688] ata3.00: status: { DRDY ERR } Jan 20 03:02:50 unassigned kernel: [371921.881468] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133 Jan 20 03:02:54 unassigned kernel: [371921.881479] ata3: EH complete Jan 20 03:02:54 unassigned kernel: [371924.081382] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x0 Jan 20 03:02:54 unassigned kernel: [371924.081417] ata3.00: BMDMA stat 0x24 Jan 20 03:02:54 unassigned kernel: [371924.081443] ata3.00: cmd 25/00:08:37:59:e2/00:00:42:00:00/e0 tag 0 dma 4096 in Jan 20 03:02:54 unassigned kernel: [371924.081444] res 51/01:00:37:59:e2/01:00:42:00:00/e0 Emask 0x1 (device error) Jan 20 03:02:54 unassigned kernel: [371924.081487] ata3.00: status: { DRDY ERR } Jan 20 03:02:54 unassigned kernel: [371924.105252] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133 Jan 20 03:02:54 unassigned kernel: [371924.105261] ata3: EH complete Jan 20 03:02:54 unassigned kernel: [371933.656925] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] 1465149168 512-byte hardware sectors (750156 MB) Jan 20 03:02:54 unassigned kernel: [371933.656941] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off Jan 20 03:02:54 unassigned kernel: [371933.656944] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 Jan 20 03:02:54 unassigned kernel: [371933.656956] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA Jan 20 03:02:54 unassigned kernel: [371933.656972] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] 1465149168 512-byte hardware sectors (750156 MB) Jan 20 03:02:54 unassigned kernel: [371933.656979] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off Jan 20 03:02:54 unassigned kernel: [371933.656982] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 Jan 20 03:02:54 unassigned kernel: [371933.656993] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA Jan 20 03:03:34 unassigned kernel: [371966.060069] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x0 Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371971.776846] ata3.00: BMDMA stat 0x24 Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371971.776871] ata3.00: cmd 25/00:18:87:10:ee/00:00:42:00:00/e0 tag 0 dma 12288 in Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371971.776872] res 51/01:00:87:10:ee/01:00:42:00:00/e0 Emask 0x1 (device error) Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371971.776914] ata3.00: status: { DRDY ERR } Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371971.800668] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133 Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371971.800687] ata3: EH complete Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371974.157850] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x0 Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371974.157885] ata3.00: BMDMA stat 0x24 Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371974.157911] ata3.00: cmd 25/00:18:87:10:ee/00:00:42:00:00/e0 tag 0 dma 12288 in Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371974.157912] res 51/01:00:88:10:ee/01:00:42:00:00/e0 Emask 0x1 (device error) Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371974.157956] ata3.00: status: { DRDY ERR } Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371974.179773] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133 Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371974.179786] ata3: EH complete Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371976.398570] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x0 Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371976.398610] ata3.00: BMDMA stat 0x24 Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371976.398635] ata3.00: cmd 25/00:18:87:10:ee/00:00:42:00:00/e0 tag 0 dma 12288 in Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371976.398636] res 51/01:00:88:10:ee/01:00:42:00:00/e0 Emask 0x1 (device error) Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371976.398678] ata3.00: status: { DRDY ERR } Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371976.423477] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133 Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371976.423495] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE,SUGGEST_OK Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371976.423498] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] [descriptor] Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371976.423501] Descriptor sense data with sense descriptors (in hex): Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371976.423503] 72 03 13 00 00 00 00 0c 00 0a 80 00 00 00 00 00 Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371976.423508] 42 ee 10 88 Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371976.423510] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Address mark not found for data field Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371976.423515] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 1122898056 Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371976.423536] ata3: EH complete Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371978.630504] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x0 Jan 20 03:05:48 unassigned kernel: [371978.630547] ata3.00: BMDMA stat 0x24

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• Using a portable USB monitor in Ubuntu 13.04 (AOC e1649Fwu - DisplayLink)

  Having access to a little bit of IT hardware extravaganza isn't that easy here in Mauritius for exactly two reasons - either it is simply not available or it is expensive like nowhere. Well, by chance I came across an advert by a local hardware supplier and their offer of the week caught my attention - a portable USB monitor. Sounds cool, and the specs are okay as well. It's completely driven via USB 2.0, has a light weight, the dimensions would fit into my laptop bag and the resolution of 1366 x 768 pixels is okay for a second screen. Long story, short ending: I called them and only got to understand that they are out of stock - how convenient! Well, as usual I left some contact details and got the regular 'We call you back' answer. Surprisingly, I didn't receive a phone call as promised and after starting to complain via social media networks they finally came back to me with new units available - and *drum-roll* still the same price tag as promoted (and free delivery on top as one of their employees lives in Flic en Flac). Guess, it was a no-brainer to get at least one unit to fool around with. In worst case it might end up as image frame on the shelf or so... The usual suspects... Ubuntu first! Of course, the packing mentions only Windows or Mac OS as supported operating systems and without hesitation at all, I hooked up the device on my main machine running on Ubuntu 13.04. Result: Blackout... Hm, actually not the situation I was looking for but okay can't be too difficult to get this piece of hardware up and running. Following the output of syslogd (or dmesg if you prefer) the device has been recognised successfully but we got stuck in the initialisation phase. Oct 12 08:17:23 iospc2 kernel: [69818.689137] usb 2-4: new high-speed USB device number 5 using ehci-pciOct 12 08:17:23 iospc2 kernel: [69818.800306] usb 2-4: device descriptor read/64, error -32Oct 12 08:17:24 iospc2 kernel: [69819.043620] usb 2-4: New USB device found, idVendor=17e9, idProduct=4107Oct 12 08:17:24 iospc2 kernel: [69819.043630] usb 2-4: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3Oct 12 08:17:24 iospc2 kernel: [69819.043636] usb 2-4: Product: e1649FwuOct 12 08:17:24 iospc2 kernel: [69819.043642] usb 2-4: Manufacturer: DisplayLinkOct 12 08:17:24 iospc2 kernel: [69819.043647] usb 2-4: SerialNumber: FJBD7HA000778Oct 12 08:17:24 iospc2 kernel: [69819.046073] hid-generic 0003:17E9:4107.0008: hiddev0,hidraw5: USB HID v1.10 Device [DisplayLink e1649Fwu] on usb-0000:00:1d.7-4/input1Oct 12 08:17:24 iospc2 mtp-probe: checking bus 2, device 5: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb2/2-4"Oct 12 08:17:24 iospc2 mtp-probe: bus: 2, device: 5 was not an MTP deviceOct 12 08:17:30 iospc2 kernel: [69825.411220] [drm] vendor descriptor length:17 data:17 5f 01 00 15 05 00 01 03 00 04Oct 12 08:17:30 iospc2 kernel: [69825.498778] udl 2-4:1.0: fb1: udldrmfb frame buffer deviceOct 12 08:17:30 iospc2 kernel: [69825.498786] [drm] Initialized udl 0.0.1 20120220 on minor 1Oct 12 08:17:30 iospc2 kernel: [69825.498909] usbcore: registered new interface driver udl The device has been recognised as USB device without any question and it is listed properly: # lsusb...Bus 002 Device 005: ID 17e9:4107 DisplayLink ... A quick and dirty research on the net gave me some hints towards the udlfb framebuffer device for USB DisplayLink devices. By default this kernel module is blacklisted $ less /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-framebuffer.conf | grep udl#blacklist udlblacklist udlfb and it is recommended to load it manually. So, unloading the whole udl stack and giving udlfb a shot: Oct 12 08:22:31 iospc2 kernel: [70126.642809] usbcore: registered new interface driver udlfb But still no reaction on the external display which supposedly should have been on and green. Display okay? Test run on Windows Just to be on the safe side and to exclude any hardware related defects or whatsoever - you never know what happened during delivery. I moved the display to a new position on the opposite side of my laptop, installed the display drivers first in Windows Vista (I know, I know...) as recommended in the manual, and then finally hooked it up on that machine. Tada! Display has been recognised correctly and I have a proper choice between cloning and extending my desktop. Testing whether the display is working properly - using Windows Vista Okay, good to know that there is nothing wrong on the hardware side just software... Back to Ubuntu - Kernel too old Some more research on Google and various hits recommend that the original displaylink driver has been merged into the recent kernel development and one should manually upgrade the kernel image (and both header) packages for Ubuntu. At least kernel 3.9 or higher would be necessary, and so I went out to this URL: http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/ and I downloaded all the good stuff from the v3.9-raring directory. The installation itself is easy going via dpkg: $ sudo dpkg -i linux-image-3.9.0-030900-generic_3.9.0-030900.201304291257_amd64.deb$ sudo dpkg -i linux-headers-3.9.0-030900_3.9.0-030900.201304291257_all.deb$ sudo dpkg -i linux-headers-3.9.0-030900-generic_3.9.0-030900.201304291257_amd64.deb As with any kernel upgrades it is necessary to restart the system in order to use the new one. Said and done: $ uname -r3.9.0-030900-generic And now connecting the external display gives me the following output in /var/log/syslog: Oct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2314.984293] usb 2-4: new high-speed USB device number 6 using ehci-pciOct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.096257] usb 2-4: device descriptor read/64, error -32Oct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.337105] usb 2-4: New USB device found, idVendor=17e9, idProduct=4107Oct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.337115] usb 2-4: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3Oct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.337122] usb 2-4: Product: e1649FwuOct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.337127] usb 2-4: Manufacturer: DisplayLinkOct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.337132] usb 2-4: SerialNumber: FJBD7HA000778Oct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.338292] udlfb: DisplayLink e1649Fwu - serial #FJBD7HA000778Oct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.338299] udlfb: vid_17e9&pid_4107&rev_0129 driver's dlfb_data struct at ffff880117e59000Oct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.338303] udlfb: console enable=1Oct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.338306] udlfb: fb_defio enable=1Oct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.338309] udlfb: shadow enable=1Oct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.338468] udlfb: vendor descriptor length:17 data:17 5f 01 0015 05 00 01 03 00 04Oct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.338473] udlfb: DL chip limited to 1500000 pixel modesOct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.338565] udlfb: allocated 4 65024 byte urbsOct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.343592] hid-generic 0003:17E9:4107.0009: hiddev0,hidraw5: USB HID v1.10 Device [DisplayLink e1649Fwu] on usb-0000:00:1d.7-4/input1Oct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 mtp-probe: checking bus 2, device 6: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb2/2-4"Oct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 mtp-probe: bus: 2, device: 6 was not an MTP deviceOct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.426583] udlfb: 1366x768 @ 59 Hz valid modeOct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.426589] udlfb: Reallocating framebuffer. Addresses will change!Oct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.428338] udlfb: 1366x768 @ 59 Hz valid modeOct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.428343] udlfb: set_par mode 1366x768Oct 12 17:51:36 iospc2 kernel: [ 2315.430620] udlfb: DisplayLink USB device /dev/fb1 attached. 1366x768 resolution. Using 4104K framebuffer memory Okay, that's looks more promising but still only blackout on the external screen... And yes, due to my previous modifications I swapped the blacklisted kernel modules: $ less /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-framebuffer.conf | grep udlblacklist udl#blacklist udlfb Silly me! Okay, back to the original situation in which udl is allowed and udlfb blacklisted. Now, the logging looks similar to this and the screen shows those maroon-brown and azure-blue horizontal bars as described on other online resources. Oct 15 21:27:23 iospc2 kernel: [80934.308238] usb 2-4: new high-speed USB device number 5 using ehci-pciOct 15 21:27:23 iospc2 kernel: [80934.420244] usb 2-4: device descriptor read/64, error -32Oct 15 21:27:24 iospc2 kernel: [80934.660822] usb 2-4: New USB device found, idVendor=17e9, idProduct=4107Oct 15 21:27:24 iospc2 kernel: [80934.660832] usb 2-4: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3Oct 15 21:27:24 iospc2 kernel: [80934.660838] usb 2-4: Product: e1649FwuOct 15 21:27:24 iospc2 kernel: [80934.660844] usb 2-4: Manufacturer: DisplayLinkOct 15 21:27:24 iospc2 kernel: [80934.660850] usb 2-4: SerialNumber: FJBD7HA000778Oct 15 21:27:24 iospc2 kernel: [80934.663391] hid-generic 0003:17E9:4107.0008: hiddev0,hidraw5: USB HID v1.10 Device [DisplayLink e1649Fwu] on usb-0000:00:1d.7-4/input1Oct 15 21:27:24 iospc2 mtp-probe: checking bus 2, device 5: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.7/usb2/2-4"Oct 15 21:27:24 iospc2 mtp-probe: bus: 2, device: 5 was not an MTP deviceOct 15 21:27:25 iospc2 kernel: [80935.742407] [drm] vendor descriptor length:17 data:17 5f 01 00 15 05 00 01 03 00 04Oct 15 21:27:25 iospc2 kernel: [80935.834403] udl 2-4:1.0: fb1: udldrmfb frame buffer deviceOct 15 21:27:25 iospc2 kernel: [80935.834416] [drm] Initialized udl 0.0.1 20120220 on minor 1Oct 15 21:27:25 iospc2 kernel: [80935.836389] usbcore: registered new interface driver udlOct 15 21:27:25 iospc2 kernel: [80936.021458] [drm] write mode info 153 Next, it's time to enable the display for our needs... This can be done either via UI or console, just as you'd prefer it. Adding the external USB display under Linux isn't an issue after all... Settings Manager => Display Personally, I like the console. With the help of xrandr we get the screen identifier first $ xrandrScreen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 3200 x 1080, maximum 32767 x 32767LVDS1 connected 1280x800+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 331mm x 207mm...DVI-0 connected 1366x768+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 344mm x 193mm   1366x768       60.0*+ and then give it the usual shot with auto-configuration. Let the system decide what's best for your hardware... $ xrandr --output DVI-0 --off$ xrandr --output DVI-0 --auto And there we go... Cloned output of main display: New kernel, new display... The external USB display works out-of-the-box with a Linux kernel > 3.9.0. Despite of a good number of resources it is absolutely not necessary to create a Device or Screen section in one of Xorg.conf files. This information belongs to the past and is not valid on kernel 3.9 or higher. Same hardware but Windows 8 Of course, I wanted to know how the latest incarnation from Redmond would handle the new hardware... Flawless! Most interesting aspect here: I did not use the driver installation medium on purpose. And I was right... not too long afterwards a dialog with the EULA of DisplayLink appeared on the main screen. And after confirmation of same it took some more seconds and the external USB monitor was ready to rumble. Well, and not only that one... but see for yourself. This time Windows 8 was the easiest solution after all. Resume I can highly recommend this type of hardware to anyone asking me. Although, it's dimensions are 15.6" it is actually lighter than my Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1 and it still fits into my laptop bag without any issues. From now on... no more single screen while developing software on the road!

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• What can cause a kernel hang on redhat 4?

  - by Ivan Buttinoni

  I've to solve a nasty problem on a ten machine "cluster": randomly one of these machine hang during an hard computation, sometime still ping sometime not. The problem was described me at the phone, I've still no touch/see these machine, so I can't be more precise. It seem there's no (real) keyboard or monitor linked to them, so I haven't nothing about keyboard led or messages on monitor. Don't worry, what I really need is some suggestion where to search the problem, some suggestions on what can cause a kernel hang on a working machine. I also see this post, but seem same need on a different situation. My ideas since now: - HW problem (ram, cpu, fan etc.) - bad autofs configuration - bad nfs(?) configuration - presence of a trojan/hacker/etc - /dev/"swap" linked to /dev/zero - kernel out of memory(??) - kernel bugged In other words I try to imagine what kind of envent can occour that can crash the kernel insted of the application that generate the event. What hang have YOU experienced before? Write it to me! TIA

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• What's going on with my wireless?

  - by Mark Scott

  The WiFi on my Acer laptop (it's a 3810TZ, with Intel Corporation Centrino Wireless-N 1000) works flawlessly on Ubuntu 11.04. On 11.10, it's continually up and down, and it fills the system log with messages such as those below. What is going on? It seems to be unable to decide which regulatory domain it's in. Despite the system configuration being quite clearly set to UK it persists in configuring itself as though it was opeating in Taiwan! Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 wpa_supplicant[1053]: WPA: 4-Way Handshake failed - pre-shared key may be incorrect Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 wpa_supplicant[1053]: CTRL-EVENT-DISCONNECTED bssid=00:50:7f:72:bf:b0 reason=15 Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 wpa_supplicant[1053]: CTRL-EVENT-DISCONNECTED bssid=00:00:00:00:00:00 reason=3 Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.240355] cfg80211: All devices are disconnected, going to restore regulatory settings Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.240362] cfg80211: Restoring regulatory settings Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.240368] cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.240408] wlan0: deauthenticating from 00:50:7f:72:bf:b0 by local choice (reason=3) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 NetworkManager[875]: (wlan0): supplicant interface state: 4-way handshake - disconnected Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.246556] cfg80211: Ignoring regulatory request Set by core since the driver uses its own custom regulatory domain Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.246563] cfg80211: World regulatory domain updated: Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.246567] cfg80211: (start_freq - end_freq @ bandwidth), (max_antenna_gain, max_eirp) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.246572] cfg80211: (2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.246577] cfg80211: (2457000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.246582] cfg80211: (2474000 KHz - 2494000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.246587] cfg80211: (5170000 KHz - 5250000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.246592] cfg80211: (5735000 KHz - 5835000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 NetworkManager[875]: (wlan0): supplicant interface state: disconnected - scanning Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 wpa_supplicant[1053]: Trying to authenticate with 00:50:7f:72:bf:b0 (SSID='PoplarHouse' freq=2412 MHz) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 NetworkManager[875]: (wlan0): supplicant interface state: scanning - authenticating Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.509877] wlan0: authenticate with 00:50:7f:72:bf:b0 (try 1) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 wpa_supplicant[1053]: Trying to associate with 00:50:7f:72:bf:b0 (SSID='PoplarHouse' freq=2412 MHz) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.512276] wlan0: authenticated Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.512615] wlan0: associate with 00:50:7f:72:bf:b0 (try 1) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 NetworkManager[875]: (wlan0): supplicant interface state: authenticating - associating Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.516508] wlan0: RX ReassocResp from 00:50:7f:72:bf:b0 (capab=0x431 status=0 aid=1) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.516514] wlan0: associated Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 wpa_supplicant[1053]: Associated with 00:50:7f:72:bf:b0 Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.529097] cfg80211: Calling CRDA for country: TW Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 NetworkManager[875]: (wlan0): supplicant interface state: associating - associated Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535680] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2412 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535688] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2700 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535692] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2417 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535697] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2700 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535702] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2422 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535707] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2700 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535711] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2427 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535716] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2700 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535720] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2432 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535725] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2700 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535730] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2437 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535735] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2700 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535739] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2442 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535744] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2700 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535748] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2447 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535753] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2700 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535757] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2452 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535763] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2700 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535767] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2457 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535772] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2700 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535777] cfg80211: Updating information on frequency 2462 MHz for a 20 MHz width channel with regulatory rule: Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535782] cfg80211: 2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ KHz), (300 mBi, 2700 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535786] cfg80211: Disabling freq 2467 MHz Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535789] cfg80211: Disabling freq 2472 MHz Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535794] cfg80211: Regulatory domain changed to country: TW Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535797] cfg80211: (start_freq - end_freq @ bandwidth), (max_antenna_gain, max_eirp) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535802] cfg80211: (2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2700 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535807] cfg80211: (5270000 KHz - 5330000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 1700 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:37 MES3810 kernel: [18239.535812] cfg80211: (5735000 KHz - 5815000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 3000 mBm) Nov 22 15:34:38 MES3810 NetworkManager[875]: (wlan0): supplicant interface state: associated - 4-way handshake Any ideas?

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• Does your programming knowledge decrease if you don't practice?

  - by Codereview

  I'm a beginner programmer, I study languages such as C/C++/Python and Java (Mainly focused on C++). I'm What you'd call "Young and inexperienced" and I admit that because I can't claim otherwise. As a student I have many other problems besides programming.I practice programming as often as I can, and especially because my teacher gives me a lot more exercises than the rest of the class (It's a very low level), so oftentimes I spend weeks doing something else such as school projects or sports, or travelling, anything besides programming. Don't get me wrong though, I love programming, I love to build functional code, to watch as a program comes alive at the push of a button and to learn as much as I can - I simply don't have much time for it. Straight to the question, now: does your programming knowledge decrease as time passes and you don't practice? You may ask "How much time do you mean?". I don't mean a specific amount of time, but for reference you could take a month-two or even a year as an example. By knowledge I mean anything: From syntax to language functionality.

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• Programming Constructs History

  - by kunjaan

  I need some help in figuring out which language introduced the constructs that we use everyday. For example: Constructs Introduced from LISP If-Else Block :"The ubiquitous if-then-else structure, now taken for granted as an essential element of any programming language, was invented by McCarthy for use in Lisp, where it saw its first appearance in a more general form (the cond structure). It was inherited by Algol, which popularized it. " - WikiPedia Function Type : Functions as first class citizens. Garbage Collection

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• what is the difference between declarative and imperative programming

  - by Brad

  I have been searching the web looking for a definition for declarative and imperative programming that would shed some light for me. However the language used at some of the resources that I have found is daunting - for instance at wikipedia. Does any one have a real world example that they could show me that might bring some perspective to this subject...perhaps in c# thanks

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• Writing an OS kernel in assembly with NASM

  - by Betamoo

  I want to know what is the standard way for writing a -simple- kernel to be compiled on NASM? To get it clearer: I was able to define the code block with all the following ways: [segment code] [segment .code] segment code segment .code [section code] [section .code] section code section .code I need to know what is the standard way to do that, And what is the difference between them... Thanks

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• Kernel - Finding written block numbers

  - by SpdStr

  Is there any way in the kernel to get a list of blocks that have been physically written to and the order in which they were written?

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• How does the linux kernel manage less than 1GB physical memory ?

  - by TheLoneJoker

  I'm learning the linux kernel internals and while reading "Understanding Linux Kernel", quite a few memory related questions struck me. One of them is, how the Linux kernel handles the memory mapping if the physical memory of say only 512 MB is installed on my system. As I read, kernel maps 0(or 16) MB-896MB physical RAM into 0xC0000000 linear address and can directly address it. So, in the above described case where I only have 512 MB: How can the kernel map 896 MB from only 512 MB ? What about user mode processes in this situation? Where are user mode processes in phys RAM? Every article explains only the situation, when you've installed 4 GB of memory and the kernel maps the 1 GB into kernel space and user processes uses the remaining amount of RAM. I would appreciate any help in improving my understanding. Thanks..!

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• Getting the alternative to the 200-Line Linux Kernel patch to work

  - by Gödel

  Apparently, there is a comparable alternative to the 200-line kernel patch that involves no kernel upgrade. It is presented here and discussed here. However, I am not sure if webupd8's solution (under the section "Use it in Ubuntu") on Ubuntu actually works or not. In particular, one commenter on ./ is saying he's getting an error message. Could anyone post the "correct" method that actually works? Suggested solution: Based on the comments I've read so far, the following seems to work. (1) In /etc/rc.local, add the following lines to above exit 0: mkdir -p /dev/cgroup/cpu mount -t cgroup cgroup /dev/cgroup/cpu -o cpu mkdir -m 0777 /dev/cgroup/cpu/user echo "/usr/local/sbin/cgroup_clean" > /dev/cgroup/cpu/release_agent (2) Create a file named /usr/local/sbin/cgroup_clean with the following content: #!/bin/sh rmdir /dev/cgroup/cpu/$1 (3) In your ~/.bashrc, add: if [ "$PS1" ] ; then mkdir -m 0700 /dev/cgroup/cpu/user/$$ echo $$ > /dev/cgroup/cpu/user/$$/tasks echo "1" > /dev/cgroup/cpu/user/$$/notify_on_release fi (4) (To make sure the execution bit is on) execute sudo chmod +x /usr/local/sbin/cgroup_clean /etc/rc.local (5) Reboot.

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• Firefox 15 hangs with Ubuntu kernel update

  - by Marty

  I recently ran updates and it told me that in order to get those updates I had to update my kernel. I did that and also updated Firefox to 15. Since then Firefox hangs/gray screens sites I go to. This lasts anywhere from 5-10 seconds to 2-3 minutes. I have restarted Firefox with all add-ons disabled but it still did the same thing. I found a bug report on Launchpad that sounded like what was happening with me, but I haven't received any error codes, just the hanging/frozen screens. Also it seems that it ups my CPU making the rest of Ubuntu lag while Firefox is hung. I would guess the cause is a conflict between the updated kernel and the updated Firefox, but I'm still fairly new at Ubuntu and not sure where to go from here. Is there anything else to try? My Toshiba laptop specs are: Ubuntu 12.04 (32 bit) Linux 3.2.0-30-generic-pae #48-Ubuntu SMP Fri Aug 24 17:14:09 UTC 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux Firefox 15.0.1 Intel® Pentium(R) Dual CPU T3400 @ 2.16GHz × 2 Mobile Intel® GM45 Express Chipset x86/MMX/SSE2 Thanks!

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• Kernel panic on reboot after failed logical volume resize

  - by Derek

  I attempted to do a logical volume resize yesterday using the follwoing commands $sudo pvdisplay "/dev/sda8" is a new physical volume of "113.11 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda8 VG Name PV Size 113.11 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID jwyO1o-b2ap-CW51-kx7O-kf26-arim-SM8V6m $sudo vgextend vg /dev/sda8 sudo vgdisplay vg --- Volume group --- VG Name vg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 9 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 5 Open LV 5 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 131.74 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 33725 Alloc PE / Size 4769 / 18.63 GiB Free PE / Size 28956 / 113.11 GiB VG UUID AhusW2-pzFv-3W32-mpv2-s5VG-FN7S-kVSadx $sudo lvresize -L +20GB /dev/mapper/vg-var So as you can see, it looks like adding the physical volume to the vg worked, because i see free space available there. When I typed the lvresize command, it never returned. I let this run overnight in the background, but this morning I still couldnt successfully do a "pvdisplay" or "lvdisplay" because I think it was waiting on a lock or something, so the command never returned. When i went to log onto the server's console, I saw a bunch of messages like: rcu_sched_state detected stall on cpu 2 Now when I boot, I get a kernel panic error, and a message about not being able to mount /mapper/vg-root cannot open root device "mapper/vg-root" or unknown_block(0,0) Kernel Panic -not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root file system on unknown_block(0,0) What should I do to get my system back up and running? Did I attempt to do the logical volume resize correctly? Thanks

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