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  • Evaluating mathematical expressions in Python

    - by vander
    Hi, I want to tokenize a given mathematical expression into a binary tree like this: ((3 + 4 - 1) * 5 + 6 * -7) / 2 '/' / \ + 2 / \ * * / \ / \ - 5 6 -7 / \ + 1 / \ 3 4 Is there any pure Python way to do this? Like passing as a string to Python and then get back as a tree like mentioned above. Thanks.

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  • How to create a complete binary tree of height 'h' using Python?

    - by Jack
    Here is the node structure class Node: def __init__(self, data): # initializes the data members self.left = None self.right = None self.parent = None self.data = data complete binary tree Definition: A binary tree in which every level, except possibly the deepest, is completely filled. At depth n, the height of the tree, all nodes must be as far left as possible. -- http://www.itl.nist.gov/div897/sqg/dads/HTML/completeBinaryTree.html I am looking for an efficient algorithm.

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  • g_tree_insert overwrites all data

    - by pechenie
    I wonder how I should use the GTree (from GLib) to store data? Every new value I insert into GTree with g_tree_insert routine is overwrite the previous one! GTree *tree; //init tree = g_tree_new( g_str_equal ); //"g_str_equal" is a GLib default compare func //... for( i = 0; i < 100; ++i ) g_tree_insert( tree, random_key(), random_value() ); //insert some random vals // printf( "%d", g_tree_nnodes( tree ) ); //should be 100? NO! Prints "1"!!! What am I doing wrong? Thank you.

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  • How to create Binary Tree in a image(.jpeg)

    - by abc
    I have data structured in Binary tree format, i want to represent it into an image(*. jpeg) then i need to display that image on web page and all the data will come @ runtime, so image processing should be done @ runtime, how to do this ? This is what my thought solution any other suitable solution are also welcomed, web site is in .NET , i am thinking to produce image using java api then integrate it to .NET wither through WEB-SERVICE call or any other solutions are also welcomed.

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  • Finding the largest subtree in a BST

    - by rakeshr
    Given a binary tree, I want to find out the largest subtree which is a BST in it. Naive approach: I have a naive approach in mind where I visit every node of the tree and pass this node to a isBST function. I will also keep track of the number of nodes in a sub-tree if it is a BST. Is there a better approach than this ?

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  • How do I optimize this postfix expression tree for speed?

    - by Peter Stewart
    Thanks to the help I received in this post: I have a nice, concise recursive function to traverse a tree in postfix order: deque <char*> d; void Node::postfix() { if (left != __nullptr) { left->postfix(); } if (right != __nullptr) { right->postfix(); } d.push_front(cargo); return; }; This is an expression tree. The branch nodes are operators randomly selected from an array, and the leaf nodes are values or the variable 'x', also randomly selected from an array. char *values[10]={"1.0","2.0","3.0","4.0","5.0","6.0","7.0","8.0","9.0","x"}; char *ops[4]={"+","-","*","/"}; As this will be called billions of times during a run of the genetic algorithm of which it is a part, I'd like to optimize it for speed. I have a number of questions on this topic which I will ask in separate postings. The first is: how can I get access to each 'cargo' as it is found. That is: instead of pushing 'cargo' onto a deque, and then processing the deque to get the value, I'd like to start processing it right away. I don't yet know about parallel processing in c++, but this would ideally be done concurrently on two different processors. In python, I'd make the function a generator and access succeeding 'cargo's using .next(). But I'm using c++ to speed up the python implementation. I'm thinking that this kind of tree has been around for a long time, and somebody has probably optimized it already. Any Ideas? Thanks

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  • Java equivalent of C++ std::map?

    - by Rudiger
    I'm looking for a Java class with the characteristics of C++ std::map's usual implementation (as I understand it, a self-balancing binary search tree): O(log n) performance for insertion/removal/search Each element is composed of a unique key and a mapped value Keys follow a strict weak ordering I'm looking for implementations with open source or design documents; I'll probably end up rolling my own support for primitive keys/values. This question's style is similar to: Java equivalent of std::deque, whose answer was "ArrayDeque from Primitive Collections for Java".

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  • How can I debug or set a break statement inside an expression tree?

    - by Abel
    When an external library contains a LINQ provider, and it throws an exception when executing a dynamic expression tree, how can I break when that expression is thrown? For example, I use a third party LINQ2CRM provider, which allows me to call the Max<TSource, TResult>() method of IQueryable, but when it throws an InvalidCastException, I fail to break on the spot when the exception is thrown, making it hard to review the stack-trace because it's already unwinded when the debugger breaks it in my code. I've set "break on throw" for the mentioned exception. My debug settings are: Clarification on where exactly I'd want to break. I do not want to break in side the LINQ Expression, but instead, I want to break when the expression tree is executed, or, put in other words, when the IQueryable extension method Max() calls the override provided by the LINQ provider. The top of the stacktrace looks like this, which is where I would like to break inside (or step through, or whatever): at XrmLinq.QueryProviderBase.Execute[T](Expression expression) at System.Linq.Queryable.Max[TSource,TResult](IQueryable`1 source, Expression`1 selector)

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  • Will my LinqToSql execution be deffered if i filter with IEnumerable<T> instead of IQueryable<T>?

    - by cottsak
    I have been using these common EntityObjectFilters as a "pipes and filters" way to query from a collection a particular item with an ID: public static class EntityObjectFilters { public static T WithID<T>(this IQueryable<T> qry, int ID) where T : IEntityObject { return qry.SingleOrDefault<T>(item => item.ID == ID); } public static T WithID<T>(this IList<T> list, int ID) where T : IEntityObject { return list.SingleOrDefault<T>(item => item.ID == ID); } } ..but i wondered to myself: "can i make this simpler by just creating an extension for all IEnumerable<T> types"? So i came up with this: public static class EntityObjectFilters { public static T WithID<T>(this IEnumerable<T> qry, int ID) where T : IEntityObject { return qry.SingleOrDefault<T>(item => item.ID == ID); } } Now while this appears to yield the same result, i want to know that when applied to IQueryable<T>s will the expression tree be passed to LinqToSql for evaluating as SQL code or will my qry be evaluated in it's entirety first, then iterated with Funcs? I'm suspecting that (as per Richard's answer) the latter will be true which is obviously what i don't want. I want the same result, but the added benefit of the delayed SQL execution for IQueryable<T>s. Can someone confirm for me what will actually happen and provide simple explanation as to how it would work?

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  • Skip Lists -- ever used them?

    - by Head Geek
    I'm wondering whether anyone here has ever used a skip list. It looks to have roughly the same advantages as a balanced binary tree, but is simpler to implement. If you have, did you write your own, or use a pre-written library (and if so, what was its name)?

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  • How do I remove the leaves of a binary tree?

    - by flopex
    I'm trying to remove all of the leaves. I know that leaves have no children, this is what I have so far. public void removeLeaves(BinaryTree n){ if (n.left == null && n.right == null){ n = null; } if (n.left != null) removeLeaves(n.left); if (n.right != null) removeLeaves(n.right); }

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  • How to get the size of a binary tree ?

    - by Andrei Ciobanu
    I have a very simple binary tree structure, something like: struct nmbintree_s { unsigned int size; int (*cmp)(const void *e1, const void *e2); void (*destructor)(void *data); nmbintree_node *root; }; struct nmbintree_node_s { void *data; struct nmbintree_node_s *right; struct nmbintree_node_s *left; }; Sometimes i need to extract a 'tree' from another and i need to get the size to the 'extracted tree' in order to update the size of the initial 'tree' . I was thinking on two approaches: 1) Using a recursive function, something like: unsigned int nmbintree_size(struct nmbintree_node* node) { if (node==NULL) { return(0); } return( nmbintree_size(node->left) + nmbintree_size(node->right) + 1 ); } 2) A preorder / inorder / postorder traversal done in an iterative way (using stack / queue) + counting the nodes. What approach do you think is more 'memory failure proof' / performant ? Any other suggestions / tips ? NOTE: I am probably going to use this implementation in the future for small projects of mine. So I don't want to unexpectedly fail :).

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  • Right rotate of tree in Haskell: how is it work?

    - by Roman
    I don't know haskell syntax, but I know some FP concepts (like algebraic data types, pattern matching, higher-order functions ect). Can someone explain please, what does this code mean: data Tree ? = Leaf ? | Fork ? (Tree ?) (Tree ?) rotateR tree = case tree of Fork q (Fork p a b) c -> Fork p a (Fork q b c) As I understand, first line is something like Tree-type declaration (but I don't understand it exactly). Second line includes pattern matching (I don't understand as well why do we need to use pattern matching here). And third line does something absolutely unreadable for non-haskell developer. I've found definition of Fork as fork (f,g) x = (f x, g x) but I can't move further anymore.

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  • Why is TreeSet<T> an internal type in .NET?

    - by Justin Niessner
    So, I was just digging around Reflector trying to find the implementation details of HashSet (out of sheer curiosity based on the answer to another question here) and noticed the following: internal class TreeSet<T> : ICollection<T>, IEnumerable<T>, ICollection, IEnumerable, ISerializable, IDeserializationCallback Without looking too deep into the details, it looks like a Self-Balancing Binary Search Tree. My question is, is there anybody out there with the insight as to why this class is internal? Is it simply because the other collection types use it internally and hide the complexities of a BST from the general masses...or am I way off base?

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  • In-order tree traversal

    - by Chris S
    I have the following text from an academic course I took a while ago about in-order traversal (they also call it pancaking) of a binary tree (not BST): In-order tree traversal Draw a line around the outside of the tree. Start to the left of the root, and go around the outside of the tree, to end up to the right of the root. Stay as close to the tree as possible, but do not cross the tree. (Think of the tree — its branches and nodes — as a solid barrier.) The order of the nodes is the order in which this line passes underneath them. If you are unsure as to when you go “underneath” a node, remember that a node “to the left” always comes first. Here's the example used (slightly different tree from below) However when I do a search on google, I get a conflicting definition. For example the wikipedia example: Inorder traversal sequence: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I (leftchild,rootnode,right node) But according to (my understanding of) definition #1, this should be A, B, D, C, E, F, G, I, H Can anyone clarify which definition is correct? They might be both describing different traversal methods, but happen to be using the same name. I'm having trouble believing the peer-reviewed academic text is wrong, but can't be certain.

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  • Chess board position numbers in 6-rooted-binary tree?

    - by HH
    The maximum number of adjacent vertices is 6 that corresponds to the number of roots. By the term root, I mean the number of children for each node. If adjacent square is empty, fill it with Z-node. So every square will have 6 nodes. How can you formulate it with binary tree? Is the structure just 6-rooted-binary tree? What is the structure called if nodes change their positions? Suppose partially ordered list where its units store a large randomly expanding board. I want a self-adjusting data structure, where it is easy to calculate distances between nodes. What is its name?

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  • Convert a post-order binary tree traversal index to an level-order (breadth-first) index

    - by strfry
    Assuming a complete binary tree, each node can be adressed with the position it appears in a given tree traversal algorithm. For example, the node indices of a simple complete tree with height 3 would look like this: breadth first (aka level-order): 0 / \ 1 2 / \ / \ 3 4 5 6 post-order dept first: 6 / \ 2 5 / \ / \ 0 1 3 4 The height of the tree and an index in the post-order traversal is given. How can i calculate the breadth first index from this information?

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  • Balanced Search Tree Query, Asymtotic Analysis..

    - by AGeek
    Hi, The situation is as follows:- We have n number and we have print them in sorted order. We have access to balanced dictionary data structure, which supports the operations serach, insert, delete, minimum, maximum each in O(log n) time. We want to retrieve the numbers in sorted order in O(n log n) time using only the insert and in-order traversal. The answer to this is:- Sort() initialize(t) while(not EOF) read(x) insert(x,t); Traverse(t); Now the query is if we read the elements in time "n" and then traverse the elements in "log n"(in-order traversal) time,, then the total time for this algorithm (n+logn)time, according to me.. Please explain the follow up of this algorithm for the time calculation.. How it will sort the list in O(nlogn) time?? Thanks.

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  • C# expression tree for ordinary code

    - by rwallace
    It's possible to create an expression tree, if you declare it as such. But is it possible to get an expression tree for an ordinary chunk of code such as a method or property getter? What I'm trying to do is, let's say for an order processing system, I have a class for order items: class Item : Entity { [Cascade] public Document document { get; set; } public int line { get; set; } public Product product { get; set; } public string description { get; set; } public decimal qty { get; set; } public decimal price { get; set; } public decimal net { get { return qty * price; } } public VatCode vat_code { get; set; } } where the net value equals qty * price, so I'd like to declare it as such, either with a property or method, and then also have the framework introspect that expression so it can generate appropriate SQL for defining a corresponding calculated column in a corresponding database view. The most obvious way to do this would be to get the expression tree for a property getter or a method, but I can't find any indication how to do this, or that it is possible. (I have found a way to get a method body as a byte stream, but that's not what's desired here.) If that isn't possible, I suppose the recommended solution would be to declare something like a static field that is an expression tree, and compile/run it at run time for internal use, and also introspect as normal for SQL generation?

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  • Recommendations with hierarchical data on non-relational databases?

    - by Luki
    I'm developing an web application that uses a non-relational database as a backend (django-nonrel + AppEngine). I need to store some hierarchical data (projects/subproject_1/subproject_N/tasks), and I'm wondering which pattern should I use. For now I thought of: Adjacency List (store the item's parent id) Nested sets (store left and right values for the item) In my case, the depth of nesting for a normal user will not exceed 4-5 levels. Also, on the UI, I would like to have a pagination for the items on the first level, to avoid to load too many items at the first page load. From what I understand so far, nested sets are great when the hierarchy is used more for displaying. Adjacency lists are great when editing on the tree is done often. In my case I guess I need the displaying more than the editing (when using nested sets, even if the display would work great, the above pagination could complicate things on editing). Do you have any thoughts and advice, based on your experience with the non-relational databases?

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  • Delete an object from a tree

    - by mqpasta
    I have a Find function in order to find an element from a BST private Node Find(ref Node n, int e) { if (n == null) return null; if (n.Element == e) return n; if (e > n.Element) return Find(ref n.Right, e); else return Find(ref n.Left, e); } and I use following code in order to get a node and then set this node to null. Node x = bsTree.Find(1); x = null; bsTree.Print(); supposedly, this node should be deleted from Tree as it is set to null but it still exists in tree. I had done this before but this time missing something and no idea what.

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