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  • Pass object or id

    - by Charles
    This is just a question about best practices. Imagine you have a method that takes one parameter. This parameter is the id of an object. Ideally, I would like to be able to pass either the object's id directly, or just the object itself. What is the most elegant way to do this? I came up with the following: def method_name object object_id = object.to_param.to_i ### do whatever needs to be done with that object_id end So, if the parameter already is an id, it just pretty much stays the same; if it's an object, it gets its id. This works, but I feel like this could be better. Also, to_param returns a string, which could in some cases return a "real" string (i.e. "string" instead of "2"), hence returning 0 upon calling to_i on it. This could happen, for example, when using the friendly id gem for classes. Active record offers the same functionality. It doesn't matter if you say: Table.where(user_id: User.first.id) # pass in id or Table.where(user_id: User.first) # pass in object and infer id How do they do it? What is the best approach to achieve this effect?

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  • Change object on client side or on server side

    - by Polina Feterman
    I'm not sure what is the best practice. I have some big and complex objects (NOT flat). In that object I have many related objects - for example Invoice is the main class and one of it's properties is invoiceSupervisor - a big class by it's own called User. User can also be not flat and have department property - also an object called Department. For example I want create new Invoice. First way: I can present to client several fields to fill in. Some of them will be combos that I will need to fill with available values. For example available invoiceSupervisors. Then all the chosen values I can send to server and on server I can create new Invoice and assign all chosen values to that new Invoice. Then I will need to assign new supervisor I will pull the chosen User by id that user picked up on server from combobox. I might do some verification on the User such as does the user applicable to be invoice supervisor. Then I will assign the User object to invoiceSupervisor. Then after filling all properties I will save the new invoice. Second way: In the beginning I can call to server to get a new Invoice. Then on client I can fill all chosen values , for example I can call to server to get new User object and then fill it's id from combobox and assign the User as invoiceSupervisor. After filling the Invoice object on client I can send it to server and then the server will save the new invoice. Before saving server can run some validations as well. So what is the best approach - to make the object on client and send it to server or to collect all values from client and to make a new object on server using those values ?

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  • WPF Databinding With A Collection Object

    - by Randster
    Argh, although I've been googling, I really would appreciate it if someone could break my problem down as all the code examples online are confusing me more than assisting (perhaps it's just late)... I have a simple class as defined below: public class Person { int _id; string _name; public Person() { } public int ID { get { return _id; } set { _id = value; } } public string Name { get { return _name; } set { _name = value; } } } that is stored in a database, and thru a bit more code I put it into an ObservableCollection object to attempt to databind in WPF later on: public class People : ObservableCollection<Person> { public People() : base() { } public void Add(List<Person> pListOfPeople) { foreach (Person p in pListOfPeople) this.Add(p); } } In XAML, I have myself a ListView that I would like to populate a ListViewItem (consisting of a textblock) for each item in the "People" object as it gets updated from the database. I would also like that textblock to bind to the "Name" property of the Person object. I thought at first that I could do this: lstPeople.DataContext = objPeople; where lstPeople is my ListView control in my XAML, but that of course does nothing. I've found TONS of examples online where people through XAML create an object and then bind to it through their XAML; but not one where we bind to an instantiated object and re-draw accordingly. Could someone please give me a few pointers on: A) How to bind a ListView control to my instantiated "People" collection object? B) How might I apply a template to my ListView to format it for the objects in the collection? Even links to a decent example (not one operating on an object declared in XAML please) would be appreciated. Thanks for your time.

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  • List of dict in Python

    - by plalex
    Hi everybody, I've got a list of dict in Python: dico_cfg = {'name': entry_name, 'ip': entry_ip, 'vendor': combo_vendor, 'stream': combo_stream} self.list_cfg.append(dico_cfg) I append to my list a lot of dict in the same way. Now I would like to delete one dict and only one dict in this list? What is the best way to proceed? I've try with the index of the list, but when I remove a dict from the list, the index is modify, so after some random remove my index doesn't correspond anymore to the dict I want to remove in my list. I hope that is clear. Maybe I can add an "id" row in my dict, so I can ask to remove more preciously the dict I want. I'll ask to remove the dict where id is equal to the id's dict I want to remove. How can I do that? I hope I'm enough clear. Sorry but I'm a newbie in Python.

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  • Performance comparison of Dictionaries

    - by Hun1Ahpu
    I'm interested in performance values (big-O analysis) of Lookup and Insert operation for .Net Dictionaries: HashTable, SortedList, StringDictionary, ListDictionary, HybridDictionary, NameValueCollection Link to a web page with the answer works for me too.

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  • How to query collections in NHibernate

    - by user305813
    Hi, I have a class: public class User { public virtual int Id { get; set; } public virtual string Name { get; set; } public virtual IDictionary<string, string> Attributes { get; set; } } and a mapping file: <class name="User" table="Users"> <id name="Id"> <generator class="hilo"/> </id> <property name="Name"/> <map name="Attributes" table="UserAttributes"> <key column="UserId"/> <index column="AttributeName" type="System.String"/> <element column="Attributevalue" type="System.String"/> </map> </class> So now I can add many attributes and values to a User. How can I query those attributes so I can get ie. Get all the users where attributename is "Age" and attribute value is "20" ? I don't want to do this in foreach because I may have millions of users each having its unique attributes. Please help

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  • how to build a index table(python dict like) in python with sqlite3

    - by Registered User KC
    Suppose I have one string list may have duplicated items: A B C A A C D E F F I want to make a list can assign an unique index for each item, looks like: 1 A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 E 6 F now I created sqlite3 database with below SQL statement: CREATE TABLE aa ( myid INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, name STRING, UNIQUE (myid) ON CONFLICT FAIL, UNIQUE (name) ON CONFLICT FAIL); The plan is insert each row into the database in python. My question is how to handle the error when conflict do happened when insert in python module sqlite3? For example: the program will printing a warning message which item is conflicted and continue next insert action when inserting in python? Thanks

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  • python: sorting

    - by nabizan
    hi im doing a loop so i could get dict of data, but since its a dict it's sorting alphabetical and not as i push it trought the loop ... is it possible to somehow turn off alphabetical sorting? here is how do i do that data = {} for item in container: data[item] = {} ... for key, val in item_container.iteritems(): ... data[item][key] = val whitch give me something like this data = { A : { K1 : V1, K2 : V2, K3 : V3 }, B : { K1 : V1, K2 : V2, K3 : V3 }, C : { K1 : V1, K2 : V2, K3 : V3 } } and i want it to be as i was going throught the loop, e.g. data = { B : {K2 : V2, K3 : V3, K1 : V1}, A : {K1 : V1, K2 : V2, K3 : V3}, C : {K3 : V3, K1 : V1, K2 : V2} }

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  • Defining the context of a word - Python

    - by RadiantHex
    Hi folks, I think this is an interesting question, at least for me. I have a list of words, let's say: photo, free, search, image, css3, css, tutorials, webdesign, tutorial, google, china, censorship, politics, internet and I have a list of contexts: Programming World news Technology Web Design I need to try and match words with the appropriate context/contexts if possible. Maybe discovering word relationships in some way. Any ideas? Help would be much appreciated!

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  • issue in list of dict

    - by gaggina
    class MyOwnClass: # list who contains the queries queries = [] # a template dict template_query = {} template_query['name'] = 'mat' template_query['age'] = '12' obj = MyOwnClass() query = obj.template_query query['name'] = 'sam' query['age'] = '23' obj.queries.append(query) query2 = obj.template_query query2['name'] = 'dj' query2['age'] = '19' obj.queries.append(query2) print obj.queries It gives me [{'age': '19', 'name': 'dj'}, {'age': '19', 'name': 'dj'}] while I expect to have [{'age': '23' , 'name': 'sam'}, {'age': '19', 'name': 'dj'}] I thought to use a template for this list because I'm gonna to use it very often and there are some default variable who does not need to be changed. Why does doing it the template_query itself changes? I'm new to python and I'm getting pretty confused.

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  • How would I merged nested dictionaries in a list in python?

    - by Kevin
    for example if i had the result [{'Germany': {"Luge - Men's Singles": 'Gold'}}, {'Germany': {"Luge - Men's Singles": 'Silver'}}, {'Italy': {"Luge - Men's Singles": 'Bronze'}}] [{'Germany': {"Luge - Women's Singles": 'Gold'}}, {'Austria': {"Luge - Women's Singles": 'Silver'}}, {'Germany': {"Luge - Women's Singles": 'Bronze'}}] [{'Austria': {'Luge - Doubles': 'Gold'}}, {'Latvia': {'Luge - Doubles': 'Silver'}}, {'Germany': {'Luge - Doubles': 'Bronze'}}] how would I sort this so that all of the events germany and so on had won could be under one single title. i.e germany would be germany:Luge - Men's Singles: Gold, Silver, Luge - Women's Singles: Gold, Bronze, Luge - Doubles: Bronze. thanks for any help

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  • Pythonic / itertools way to go through a dict?

    - by dmd
    def reportCSV(t): ret = '' for ev in t: for p in t[ev]: for w in t[ev][p]: ret += ','.join((ev, p, w, t[ev][p][w])) + '\n' return ret What is a more pythonic way to do this, e.g. using itertools or the like? In this case I'm just writing it out to a CSV file. t is a dict t[ev] is a dict t[ev][p] is a dict t[ev][p][w] is a float I'm not sure how I'd use itertools.product in this case.

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  • How to add a another value to a key in python

    - by Nanowatt
    First I'm sorry this might be a dumb question but I'm trying to self learn python and I can't find the answer to my question. I want to make a phonebook and I need to add an email to an already existing name. That name has already a phone number attached. I have this first code: phonebook = {} phonebook ['ana'] = '12345' phonebook ['maria']= '23456' , '[email protected]' def add_contact(): name = raw_input ("Please enter a name:") number = raw_input ("Please enter a number:") phonebook[name] = number Then I wanted to add an email to the name "ana" for example: ana: 12345, [email protected]. I created this code but instead of addend a new value (the email), it just changes the old one, removing the number: def add_email(): name = raw_input("Please enter a name:") email = raw_input("Please enter an email:") phonebook[name] = email I tried .append() too but it didn't work. Can you help me? And I'm sorry if the code is bad, I'm just trying to learn and I'm a bit noob yet :)

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  • efficient list mapping in python

    - by Joey
    Hi everyone, I have the following input: input = [(dog, dog, cat, mouse), (cat, ruby, python, mouse)] and trying to have the following output: outputlist = [[0, 0, 1, 2], [1, 3, 4, 2]] outputmapping = {0:dog, 1:cat, 2:mouse, 3:ruby, 4:python, 5:mouse} Any tips on how to handle given with scalability in mind (var input can get really large).

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  • Plist array , cannot change dictonaries inside

    - by Andy Jacobs
    i have a plist that's at its root an array with dictonaries inside it. i load a plist from my recourses as an NSMutableArray. [NSMutableArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"Filters" ofType:@"plist"]] i store it into nsuserdefault because it has to be persistent between startups. [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:array forKey:@"filters"]; but i can't change the dictonaries in the array because they are not mutable. how can i make them mutable?

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  • Parsing a list of dictionaries passed as a POST parameter

    - by andyashton
    I have a list of python dictionaries that look like this: sandwiches = [ {'bread':'wheat', 'topping':'tomatoes', 'meat':'bacon'}, {'bread':'white', 'topping':'peanut butter', 'meat':'bacon'}, {'bread':'sourdough', 'topping':'cheese', 'meat':'bacon'} ] I want to pass this as a POST parameter to another Django app. What does the client app need to do to iterate through the list? I want to do something like: for sandwich in request.POST['sandwiches']: print "%s on %s with %s is yummy!" % (sandwich['meat'], sandwich['bread'], sandwich['topping']) But I don't seem to have a list of dicts when my data arrives at my client app.

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  • Redirect print in Python: val = print(arg) to output mixed iterable to file

    - by emcee
    So lets say I have an incredibly nested iterable of lists/dictionaries. I would like to print them to a file as easily as possible. Why can't I just redirect print to a file? val = print(arg) gets a SyntaxError. Is there a way to access stdinput? And why does print take forever with massive strings? Bad programming on my side for outputting massive strings, but quick debugging--and isn't that leveraging the strength of an interactive prompt? There's probably also an easier way than my gripe. Has the hive-mind an answer?

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  • Free or open source dictionaries

    - by jack
    I'm working on a multi-lingual search engine. I need to map keywords in English to corresponding words in following languages: Bulgarian Catalan Chinese Crotian Czech Danish Dutch Finish French German Greek Hungarian Italian Japanese Korean Lithuanian Litvian Norwegian Polish Portuguese Romanian Russian Slovak Slovenian Spanish Swedish Thai Ukrainian Vietnamese I already known eudict and stardict. Could you recommend some other free or open source dictionaries cover one or more above languages?

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  • Best way to store 3 pieces of data as a single entry

    - by Matt
    For a game server, I want to record details when a player makes a kill, store this, and then at intervals update to a sql database. The part i'm interested in right now is the best method of storing the kill information. What i'd like to pass to the sql server on update would be {PlayerName, Kills, Deaths}, where the kills and deaths are a sum for the period between updates. So i'm assuming i'd build a list along the lines of {bob, 1, 0} {frank, 0, 1} {tom, 1, 0} {frank, 0, 1} then on update, consolidate the list to {frank, 14, 3}etc Can someone offer some advice please?

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  • Python nested dict comprehension with sets

    - by Jasie
    Can someone explain how to do nested dict comprehensions? >> l = [set([1, 2, 3]), set([4, 5, 6])] >> j = dict((a, i) for a in s for i, s in enumerate(l)) >> NameError: name 's' is not defined I would have liked: >> j >> {1:0, 2:0, 3:0, 4: 1, 5: 1, 6: 1} I just asked a previous question about a simpler dict comprehension where the parentheses in the generator function were reduced. How come the s in the leftmost comprehension is not recognized?

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  • Python - Checking for membership inside nested dict

    - by victorhooi
    heya, This is a followup questions to this one: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2901422/python-dictreader-skipping-rows-with-missing-columns Turns out I was being silly, and using the wrong ID field. I'm using Python 3.x here. I have a dict of employees, indexed by a string, "directory_id". Each value is a nested dict with employee attributes (phone number, surname etc.). One of these values is a secondary ID, say "internal_id", and another is their manager, call it "manager_internal_id". The "internal_id" field is non-mandatory, and not every employee has one. (I've simplified the fields a little, both to make it easier to read, and also for privacy/compliance reasons). The issue here is that we index (key) each employee by their directory_id, but when we lookup their manager, we need to find managers by their "internal_id". Before, when employee.keys() was a list of internal_ids, I was using a membership check on this. Now, the last part of my if statement won't work, since the internal_ids is part of the dict values, instead of the key itself. def lookup_supervisor(manager_internal_id, employees): if manager_internal_idis not None and manager_internal_id!= "" and manager_internal_id in employees.keys(): return (employees[manager_internal_id]['mail'], employees[manager_internal_id]['givenName'], employees[manager_internal_id]['sn']) else: return ('Supervisor Not Found', 'Supervisor Not Found', 'Supervisor Not Found') So the first question is, how do I check whether the manager_internal_id is present in the dict's values. I've tried substituting employee.keys() with employee.values(), that didn't work. Also, I'm hoping for something a little more efficient, not sure if there's a way to get a subset of the values, specifically, all the entries for employees[directory_id]['internal_id']. Hopefully there's some Pythonic way of doing this, without using a massive heap of nested for/if loops. My second question is, how do I then cleanly return the required employee attributes (mail, givenname, surname etc.). My for loop is iterating over each employee, and calling lookup_supervisor. I'm feeling a bit stupid/stumped here. def tidy_data(employees): for directory_id, data in employees.items(): # We really shouldnt' be passing employees back and forth like this - hmm, classes? data['SupervisorEmail'], data['SupervisorFirstName'], data['SupervisorSurname'] = lookup_supervisor(data['manager_internal_id'], employees) Thanks in advance =), Victor

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  • create a dict of lists from a string

    - by Chris Card
    I want to convert a string such as 'a=b,a=c,a=d,b=e' into a dict of lists {'a': ['b', 'c', 'd'], 'b': ['e']} in Python 2.6. My current solution is this: def merge(d1, d2): for k, v in d2.items(): if k in d1: if type(d1[k]) != type(list()): d1[k] = list(d1[k]) d1[k].append(v) else: d1[k] = list(v) return d1 record = 'a=b,a=c,a=d,b=e' print reduce(merge, map(dict,[[x.split('=')] for x in record.split(',')])) which I'm sure is unnecessarily complicated. Any better solutions?

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  • When does it make sense to use a map?

    - by kiwicptn
    I am trying to round up cases when it makes sense to use a map (set of key-value entries). So far I have two categories (see below). Assuming more exist, what are they? Please limit each answer to one unique category and put up an example. Property values (like a bean) age -> 30 sex -> male loc -> calgary Presence, with O(1) performance peter -> 1 john -> 1 paul -> 1

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  • Easily porting Lua code to C#

    - by mnn
    Hello, is there any easy way to port Lua code to C#? The biggest problem would probably be to port tables neatly in some dictionaries. And to prevent any misunderstanding: no I cannot use embedded Lua in my program.

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  • Merging similar dictionaries in a list together

    - by WonderSteve
    New to python here. I've been pulling my hair for hours and still can't figure this out. I have a list of dictionaries: [ {'FX0XST001.MID5': '195', 'Name': 'Firmicutes', 'Taxonomy ID': '1239', 'Type': 'phylum'} {'FX0XST001.MID13': '4929', 'Name': 'Firmicutes', 'Taxonomy ID': '1239','Type': 'phylum'}, {'FX0XST001.MID6': '826', 'Name': 'Firmicutes', 'Taxonomy ID': '1239', 'Type': 'phylum'}, . . . . {'FX0XST001.MID6': '125', 'Name': 'Acidobacteria', 'Taxonomy ID': '57723', 'Type': 'phylum'} {'FX0XST001.MID25': '70', 'Name': 'Acidobacteria', 'Taxonomy ID': '57723', 'Type': 'phylum'} {'FX0XST001.MID40': '40', 'Name': 'Acidobacteria', 'Taxonomy ID': '57723', 'Type': 'phylum'} ] I want to merge the dictionaries in the list based on their Type, Name, and Taxonomy ID [ {'FX0XST001.MID5': '195', 'FX0XST001.MID13': '4929', 'FX0XST001.MID6': '826', 'Name': 'Firmicutes', 'Taxonomy ID': '1239', 'Type': 'phylum'} . . . . {'FX0XST001.MID6': '125', 'FX0XST001.MID25': '70', 'FX0XST001.MID40': '40', 'Name': 'Acidobacteria', 'Taxonomy ID': '57723', 'Type': 'phylum'}] I have the data structure setup like this because I need to write the data to CSV using csv.DictWriter later. Would anyone kindly point me to the right direction?

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