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• Splitting an HTTP request into multiple byte-range requests

  - by redpola

  I have arrived at the unusual situation of having two completely independent Internet connections to my home. This has the advantage of redundancy etc but the drawback that both connections max out at about 6Mb/s. So one individual outbound http request is directed by my "intelligent gateway" (TP-LINK ER6120) out over one or the other connection for its lifetime. This works fine over complex web pages and utilises both external connects fine. However, single-http-request downloads are limited to the maximum rate of one of the two connections. So I'm thinking, surely I can setup some kind of proxy server to direct all my http requests to. For each incoming http request, the proxy server will issue multiple byte-range requests for the desired data and manage the reassembly and delivery of that data to the client's request. I can see this has some overhead, and also some edge cases where there will be blocking problems waiting for data. I also imagine webmasters of single-servers would rather I didn't hit them with 8 byte-range requests instead of one request. How can I achieve this http request deconstruct/reconstruction? Or am I just barking mad?

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• Tools for tracking disk usage

  - by Carey

  I manage a number of linux fileservers. These all run applications written from 0-10 years ago. As sometimes happens, a machine will come close to, or run out of disk space. Reasons include applications not rotating log files, a machine with 500GB of disk producing 150GB of new files every month that were not written to tape, databases gradually increasing in size, people doing silly things...generally a bit of chaos. Anyway, when a machine unexpectedly goes from 50% to 100% full in a couple of hours, I figure out what broke (lots of "du") and delete files or contact someone. I also can look at cacti graphs to figure out what the machine's normal disk usage is (e.g. for /home). Does anyone know of any tools that will give finer grained information on historial usage than a cacti/RRD graph? Like "/home/abc/xyz increased 50GB in the last day".

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• Looking for an open source real-time network analysis program

  - by JrSysAdmin

  Can somebody recommend an open source real-time network analysis program? What I'm looking for the program to do is display a graph of bandwidth usage by IP within our internal network that can quickly be viewed any time we need to (typically when we want to quickly find out who is utilizing high amounts of bandwidth and slowing down the network). We ideally simply want to hook up a monitor on the wall of our server room to a system whose NIC will be in permissive mode to log all network activity in a visual manner which can easily be seen and running 24/7. Prefer open source as I do not have a budget for this project and prefer open source projects in general. I'd also prefer for this to be available for CentOS but any linux distro or Windows OS would be acceptable. Thanks!

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• what does the 'm' unit in munin mean?

  - by nbv4

  I'm using munin as a tool for monitoring my servers. On some of the graphs, the units are marked with a 'm'. For instance, my apache accesses graph is labeled 100m, 200m, 300m, along the y-axis. What does the 'm' mean? I understand 'M' (caps) is mega as in megabytes, the 'k' is kilo, the 'G' is giga, but what about 'm'? At first I thought it was million, but theres no way apache is serving 100 million accesses even per decade.

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• Many clients on a wireless AP for UDP broadcast packets

  - by distorteddisco

  I asked this question on StackOverflow and was directed over here, so I'd appreciate any advice. I'm deploying a smartphone application as part of a live music performance that depends on receiving UDP broadcast packets from a wireless access point. I'm guessing that between 20 and 50 clients will be connected at any one time. I'm aware that a maximum of 20 clients per access point is advised, but as the UDP broadcast packets are ground through the LAN, how would I be able to link multiple APs together? I'm looking for recommendations on a suitable AP for this. The actual data transmission rates are very low - only a few kB/s - as I'm just sending small messages to the smartphone apps, and there will be no WAN internet connection. I tried it with a few connected peers on an adhoc wireless connection without any problems, but ran into dropped packet issues on an old WRT54G running ddwrt, though it's in pretty rough shape. What's the best way to do this? I suppose I could limit concurrent wireless connections to 20 clients... but more would be nice. EDIT: I should also say that it's purely one-way communication; the smartphone application is only receiving broadcast packets, not sending anything.

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• Windows 2008 R2 on ESXi 4.1 cpu utilization kernel high

  - by MK.

  I have a Win2k8 guest running on ESXi 4.1. The host has 12 cores and the problem happens even if the guest is the only VM on the host. We have 4 cores dedicated to the guest. We noticed that network starts chocking when the CPU load goes up. After some testing we noticed that when running a simple CPU hogging tool set up to run 3 threads at 100% the regular CPU load goes to 75% like it should and the "kernel times" graph in task manager goes up to 25%. My intuition tells me that the network problem and kernel times problem are the same. This is confirmed by another similar VM we created on the same host which doesn't have either of the problems. VMWare tools are obviously installed. The nic is e1000. What else can we do to troubleshoot this?

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• How to find out the dependency paths?

  - by ???

  For example, there are packages and their dependencies: a -> b (a require b) b -> c & d x -> a y -> x z -> x z -> x & y Now, give c and z, there are two dependency paths: z -> x -> a -> b -> c z -> y -> x -> a -> b -> c The question is how to find out the dependency paths between two specific Debian packages? P.S. The idea behind is to draw the dependency graph for a given set of packages, include the intermediate ones missing in the chain.

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• How does everyone set up AWS for PHP with a git workflow while worrying about distributing EC2?

  - by Parris

  Hello, I have been looking for something like heroku but for php, and after much frustration (and almost finding what I need, but not quite) we decided to just go with AWS without any other abstraction. We are using PHP 5.3 (and CakePHP 1.3), and are currently using git. Ubuntu seems like the easiest way to get both of those on there and we will most likely use that. We aren't really going worry about outgoing email. We are using smtp through gmail, but will most likely switch to some other service eventually. I had 3 questions: 1) I have been looking at Zend Server, and I am not quite sure how that is more beneficial than xampp. Perhaps it is not? 2) I suppose to make the application scale we would need multiple instances of some ec2 ami. Then just duplicate it and such. The question then becomes how do we make sure all EC2 instances are up to date? 3) I understand the concept of load balancing to some degree. I understand that in 1 region you select a bunch of servers and have it load balance across them. The question then becomes well how about world wide? How do I make it so that traffic is directed to the correct ec2 server? I have heard of route 53, and tried signing up for that, but nothing appears in my control panel. Also perhaps it is just a DNS thing with my domain registrar? AHHH... some tutorial would be helpful!

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• iptables (DNAT)

  - by user1126425

  I have a host that acts as a gateway for other hosts. The configuration is such that eth0(192.168.1.3) is connected to internet via a router and eth1(172.16.2.50) is connected to internal network via switch. Given that, this host is also running a service that is bound to eth1 and serves the internal network. I want to extend this service to the outside world as well and was trying to manipulate iptables so that any request that comes to this host via eth0 and is directed to 192.168.1.3:80 is send to 172.16.2.50 and internet users can also make use of the service. Here are my iptable rules for setting up the host as gateway (and these work fine): sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 172.16.2.0/16 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.1.0/24 -o eth1 -j MASQUERADE sudo iptables -A FORWARD -s 172.16.2.0/16 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT sudo iptables -A FORWARD -d 172.16.2.0/16 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -i eth0 -j ACCEPT And these are the rules that I am trying to add to the iptables to achieve my ends: sudo iptables -A INPUT -d 192.168.1.3 -p tcp -dport 80 -i eth0 -j ACCEPT sudo iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d 192.168.1.3 -p tcp -dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 172.16.2.50:80 sudo iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -s 172.16.2.50 -p tcp -sport 80 -j SNAT --to-source 192.168.1.3:80 sudo iptables -A FORWARD -d 192.168.1.3 -p tcp -dport 80 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT When I do so, I get error like : "multiple -d flags not allowed" ... Can someone tell me how to resolve this error... and do the entries that I want to add will serve my purpose ? Thanks!

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• Exchange 2010 mail routing with Hub Transport in multiple sites

  - by jmreicha

  I have two separate physical sites, Site A and Site B. In site A, I have following: 2 CAS servers 2 Hub Transport servers 2 Mailbox servers 2 Edge servers In site B, I have the following: 1 CAS 1 Hub 1 Mailbox 1 Edge Currently everything is working out of site A. That is, all users are housed on mailboxes that are in site A and all inbound mail flow is pointing to site A. I would eventually like to be able to move some of the mailboxes to site B without causing a disruption for resliency and redundancy purposes but I am not quite sure how to go about setting this up or if it is even possible. So far I have created an Edge subscription in site B and am able to send emails out from test accounts set up with mailboxes on the site B Mailbox server. However, I am unable to receive incoming mail messages and am confused. So I'm thinking incoming mail messages are still being directed to site A and then they are getting stuck because there is no way to route the mail to the site B mailboxes. Is this assumption correct? I am unfamiliar with mail flow and routing so I am not really sure what I need to be looking at? Would I add the site B hub transport to the Edge subscription in site A? Or I guess more specifically, how would I go about enabling communication and mail flow between mailboxes split up on site A and B?

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• In Excel, how to group data by date, and then do operations on the data?

  - by Bicou

  Hi, I have Excel 2003. My data is like this: 01/10/2010 0.99 02/10/2010 1.49 02/10/2010 0.99 02/10/2010 0.99 02/10/2010 0.99 03/10/2010 1.49 03/10/2010 1.49 03/10/2010 0.99 etc. In fact it is a list of sales every day. I want to have something like this: 01/10/2010 0.99 02/10/2010 4.46 03/10/2010 3.97 I want to group by date, and sum the column B. I'd like to see the evolution of the sales over time, and display a nice graph about that. I have managed to create pivot tables that almost do the job: they list the number of 0.99 and 1.49 each day, but I can't find a way to simply sum everything and group by date. Thanks for reading.

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• How to Track CPU and Memory Usage Per Process

  - by Mjsk

  I have seen this question asked on here before but was unable to follow the answer which was given. I would like to monitor a processes CPU, Memory, and possibly GPU usage over a given time. The data would be useful if presented in a graph. It would be nice if I could do this using Performance Monitor, but I am open to alternative solutions as well. I have tried using Performance Monitor and my problem is that I'm not sure which performance counters to use since there are so many. I've been looking at a Process, Processor, Memory, etc. but I'm not sure which counters within those categories will be of interest to me. My OS is Windows 7.

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• How to make a dropdown list such that... (see details)

  - by daysandtimes

  I want to plot the stock prices of certain companies VS the S&P500. I have all the price data downloaded in my excel sheet already. I want to create a line graph in Excel. One line is fixed and that would be the S&P500, and the other would be the company I select. I know how to use data validation to create a dropdown list, but how could I make it in such a way that when I select company A, I would only see company A's price data but not company B, C, etc. Then when I select company B, I would only see company B's price data & the S&P price data. And so on. The S&P line will be visible all the time, but the various company's price line will only appear if it is selected. Is there any easy way to normalize all sets of data in a way such that the starting point is always 100?

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• VPN: Disable class based route addition for Windows XP/Vista

  - by brgsousa

  Paraphrasing this SuperUser link: When you set up a VPN, the Windows default is to enable "Use default gateway on remote network." A new default route is added to the routing table pointing to the remote network's gateway, and the existing default route has its metric increased to force all Internet traffic to traverse the tunnel and use the remote network's gateway. All traffic uses the VPN, and traffic destined for the outside world is directed to the remote gateway. When the VPN drops, the route to the remote gateway is removed and the original default route is set back to the original metric. Unchecking "use default gateway on remote network" means that new default route isn't added, so Internet traffic goes out the local gateway, but a new classful route is added to the routing table, using the local adapter's IP, pointing down the VPN. Only traffic destined for the classful network of the local adapter goes down the VPN. This may not be what you want. Checking "Disable class based route addition" means that classful route isn't added to your machine when the VPN starts up, and you'll need to add the appropriate routes for networks that should be routed through the tunnel. But, the option "Disable class based route addition" is available ONLY for Windows 7. How can I do something like that for Windows XP or Vista since they don't have that option? I have searched about for that but, no solution yet.

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• Customising error bars

  - by itid

  Hello I've been told I HAVE TO have custom error bars for an assignment I have to hand in. Okay, I have a scatter graph with twelve points, and the error for each one is different. It's the same plus and minus, but different for each one. The twelve different error values are sitting nicely in a column. I have been told I can reference that column in "custom error bars" simply by indicating the range of values, like F2-F14. However, I get an error message every time. When I open Custom Error Bars, it is set up like this: ={} obviously waiting for a function. The error message says remove the equals sign. How should I enter the value range, please ?

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• Apache with mod_perl eating memory when idle

  - by syneticon-dj

  An Apache webserver running a mod_perl application is exposing abnormal memory usage - after the "day load" ceases, the system's memory is being exhausted by the Apache processes and oom_killer is being invoked. As the load returns the following morning, the memory usage normalizes - probably because Apache workers get recycled periodically if a sufficient number of hits is generated: This is the graph for apache hits per second to correlate: The remaining 2 hits per second throughout the night are induced by HAProxy checks - it runs HEAD http://mydomain.example.com/running HTTP/1.0 requests against the server every half a second with "running" being a static file (i.e. not invoking any perl code). It also seems that disabling these checks remedies the memory usage problem, but obviously cannot be a solution. All of 3 similarly configured servers (behind HAProxy) expose this behavior. The running OS is Ubuntu 10.10, Apache version 2.2.16. This seems to be a memory leak but I have no idea how to start debugging it - any hints?

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• Burning Linux ISO to DVD and making it bootable.

  - by toc777

  Hi everyone, I just downloaded the Fedora 14 Live-Desktop ISO and used CDBurnerXP to burn the image to a DVD. For some reason the first time I burned the image nothing showed up on the DVD when I accessed it even though CDBurnerXP said it had successfully burned to the disk. I did it again and the ISO shows up on the disk (I don't think this is right, should it be the files inside the image that show up on disk or the image file??). The problem now is my dell PC can't find the ISO when I try to boot from it. I get an error saying it can't boot from the CD. I have verified the ISO image as directed from the Fedora website. My question is how do I make a bootable CD from a Fedora Live-Desktop ISO? How can I verify that the ISO was written to the CD correctly and has anyone had any issues booting from a CD using a Dell desktop (I'm not at home at the moment so I can't check what model it is but its old enough, I've had it for about 5 years). EDIT: All that needed to be done was to burn the image to CD as an image and not a data file. The first three times failed, I'm not sure if this was because of faulty DVD's or if the write speed was too high (16x). I put in a new DVD and changed the write speed to 8x, the image was then properly burned to the disk without any errors. Thanks.

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• Transparent, unicode X terminal not tied to a Desktop Environment?

  - by jamuraa

  I've been looking for this for a while now and I just haven't been able to find one. The last few that I used were: aterm - this one was fast and had good transparency support, but it doesn't support Unicode at all as far as I can tell. The dependency graph is also reasonable. gnome-terminal - was good, and had good transparency support plus unicode, but it pulls in about everything in gnome, and I don't use anything else in gnome. It was also somewhat slow (noticable lag in updating at times) and wouldn't use fonts that I wanted. Eterm - same thing as aterm, good dependencies and transparency but no unicode. Does anyone have suggestions, or will I be stuck with gnome-terminal's dependencies and slowness?

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• Using Openfire for distributed XMPP-based video-chat

  - by Yitzhak

  I have been tasked with setting up a distributed video-chat system built on XMPP. Currently my setup looks like this: Openfire (XMPP server) + JingleNodes plugin for video chat OpenLDAP (LDAP server) for storing user information and allowing directory queries Kerberos server for authentication and passwords In testing with one set of machines (i.e. only three), everything works as expected: I can log in to Openfire and it looks up the user information in the OpenLDAP database, which in turn authenticates my user with Kerberos. Now, I want to have several clusters, so that there is a cluster on each continent. A typical cluster will probably contain 2-5 servers. Users logging in will be directed to the closest cluster based on geographical location. Something that concerns me particularly is the dynamic maintenance of contact lists. If a user is using a machine in Asia, for example, how would contact lists be updated around the world to reflect the current server he is using? How would that work with LDAP? Specific questions: How do I direct users based on geographical location? What is the best architecture for a cluster? -- would all traffic need to come into a load-balancer on each one, for example? How do I manage the update of contact lists across all these servers? In general, how do I go about setting this up? What are the pitfalls in doing this? I am inexperienced in this area, so any advice and suggestions would be appreciated.

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• Innodb statistics

  - by user64204

  We're running InnoDB as a MySQL engine and using phpMyadmin to administer our database. Under Status - Query statistics, phpMyadmin gives us the following: We would like to know where these figures come from because we would like to create a Munin graph showing the evolution of these statistics over time. When we run the SHOW STATUS; query here is what we get: Innodb_rows_deleted 247555 Innodb_rows_inserted 822911 Innodb_rows_read 694934413 Innodb_rows_updated 15048 As you can see there is a substantial difference although both were taking almost at the same time. Q: Do you know where phpMyadmin gets its values from?

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• Soap client call has slow performance

  - by Alon_A

  OS is Centos 6.2 with PHP 5.3.15. We have a Facebook application that is using PHP soap web services. We sometimes experince slow preformance when connecting to these services, but we cant understand what exacly is causing the problem. We've try to analyse the behavior using the profiling tool Kcachgrind. Here is a call graph from the index.php page that took 21 seconds to load. You can clearly see that calling the soap client is the bottle neck. I've also noticed that exactly before the page finishes to load, this file is being created in our serve's /tmp folder: wsdl-apache-d1032d85dfd16c0d91a6b70facc70e43 These are the permission of /tmp drwxrwxrwt 6 root root 40960 Aug 30 10:39 tmp I know its not the most specific question, but if any one had similar performance issues with soap client, We would love some ideas about what can cause this kind of performance problem, what can we do to investigate more accurately or how to overcome the problem ? Thanks.

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• Virtual host Alias not routing properly

  - by Jacob

  I apologize if this question has been asked many times in the past. I am not 100% sure of the exact cause of my issue and am out of google magic right now. Basically I have a virtual host file setup with an Alias record that points to a different directory other the document root. It basically looks like this <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName iBusinessCentral.com ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /var/www/marketingsites/ ServerAlias iBusinessCentral.com *.iBusinessCentral.com Alias /unsub "/var/www/unsub/site_index/" </VirtualHost> When I navigate to ibusinesscentral.com/unsub/?randomquerystring I am directed to the correct folder. If I remove the query string and navigate to ibusinesscentral.com/unsub/ I am taken to the directory in the document root. The unsub directory is a zend application and I need to be able to navigate to different url paths like ibusinesscentral.com/unsub/unenroll?querystring I have tried using AliasMatch instead of Alias. I have also tried adding a slash after the unsub portion of the Alias record, and have not had any luck to this point. Thanks in advance for any assistance

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• Visual indication of network activity

  - by at.

  is there a simple application which can sit on top of a fullscreen game to give me an indicator of when there is a lot of network activity? I can only seem to find system tray apps or programs which work outside of fullscreen games. Preferably something transparent so i can see through it. A little background info: I used to have my PC sitting sideways on my desk so I can see lights from the network card. The lights stopped working a while ago and all I need is a little blinking application to tell me when there is activity. I do not need a detailed graph or bandwidth usage, just activity notification. I've looked everywhere for something, maybe you guys are better at searching than me.

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• Excel axis problem

  - by itid

  I am graphing the height above sea level obtained by GPS at 12 measuring stations, which are distributed along a straight line but NOT equidistantly. Excel does a nice job of creating a suitable Y axis. But, it insists on placing the 12 stations equidistantly along the X axis. Consequently, the line graph does not represent the true cross section of the terrain. It is only true at the stations themselves. Surely there must be a way that I can enter the actual distances between the stations into a column, and get Excel to read from that column and space the values accordingly? It is such a basic mapping procedure for geologists and many others. Thanks

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• How to stop OpenGL from applying blending to certain content? (cocos2d/iPhone/OpenGL)

  - by RexOnRoids

  Supporting Info: I use cocos2d to draw a sprite (graph background) on the screen (z:-1). I then use cocos2d to draw lines/points (z:0) on top of the background -- and make some calls to OpenGL blending functions before the drawing to SMOOTH out the lines. Problem: The problem is that: aside from producing smooth lines/points, calling these OpenGL blending functions seems to degrade the underlying sprite (graph background). So there is a tradeoff: I can either have (Case 1) a nice background and choppy lines/points, or I can have (Case 2) nice smooth lines/points and a degraded background. But obviously I need both. The Code: I have included code of the draw() method of the CCLayer for both cases explained above. As you can see, the code producing the difference between Case 1 and Case 2 seems to be 1 or 2 lines involving OpenGL Blending. Case 1 -- MainScene.h (CCLayer): -(void)draw{ int lastPointX = 0; int lastPointY = 0; GLfloat colorMAX = 255.0f; GLfloat valR; GLfloat valG; GLfloat valB; if([self.myGraphManager ready]){ valR = (255.0f/colorMAX)*1.0f; valG = (255.0f/colorMAX)*1.0f; valB = (255.0f/colorMAX)*1.0f; NSEnumerator *enumerator = [[self.myGraphManager.currentCanvas graphPoints] objectEnumerator]; GraphPoint* object; while ((object = [enumerator nextObject])) { if(object.filled){ /*Commenting out the following two lines induces a problem of making it impossible to have smooth lines/points, but has merit in that it does not degrade the background sprite.*/ //glEnable (GL_BLEND); //glBlendFunc (GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); glHint (GL_LINE_SMOOTH_HINT, GL_DONT_CARE); glEnable (GL_LINE_SMOOTH); glLineWidth(1.5f); glColor4f(valR, valG, valB, 1.0); ccDrawLine(ccp(lastPointX, lastPointY), ccp(object.position.x, object.position.y)); lastPointX = object.position.x; lastPointY = object.position.y; glPointSize(3.0f); glEnable(GL_POINT_SMOOTH); glHint(GL_POINT_SMOOTH_HINT, GL_NICEST); ccDrawPoint(ccp(lastPointX, lastPointY)); } } } } Case 2 -- MainScene.h (CCLayer): -(void)draw{ int lastPointX = 0; int lastPointY = 0; GLfloat colorMAX = 255.0f; GLfloat valR; GLfloat valG; GLfloat valB; if([self.myGraphManager ready]){ valR = (255.0f/colorMAX)*1.0f; valG = (255.0f/colorMAX)*1.0f; valB = (255.0f/colorMAX)*1.0f; NSEnumerator *enumerator = [[self.myGraphManager.currentCanvas graphPoints] objectEnumerator]; GraphPoint* object; while ((object = [enumerator nextObject])) { if(object.filled){ /*Enabling the following two lines gives nice smooth lines/points, but has a problem in that it degrades the background sprite.*/ glEnable (GL_BLEND); glBlendFunc (GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); glHint (GL_LINE_SMOOTH_HINT, GL_DONT_CARE); glEnable (GL_LINE_SMOOTH); glLineWidth(1.5f); glColor4f(valR, valG, valB, 1.0); ccDrawLine(ccp(lastPointX, lastPointY), ccp(object.position.x, object.position.y)); lastPointX = object.position.x; lastPointY = object.position.y; glPointSize(3.0f); glEnable(GL_POINT_SMOOTH); glHint(GL_POINT_SMOOTH_HINT, GL_NICEST); ccDrawPoint(ccp(lastPointX, lastPointY)); } } } }

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