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  • python unhashable type - posting xml data

    - by eterry28
    First, I'm not a python programmer. I'm an old C dog that's learned new Java and PHP tricks, but python looks like a pretty cool language. I'm getting an error that I can't quite follow. The error follows the code below. import httplib, urllib url = "pdb-services-beta.nipr.com" xml = '<?xml version="1.0"?><!DOCTYPE SCB_Request SYSTEM "http://www.nipr.com/html/SCB_XML_Request.dtd"><SCB_Request Request_Type="Create_Report"><SCB_Login_Data CustomerID="someuser" Passwd="somepass" /><SCB_Create_Report_Request Title=""><Producer_List><NIPR_Num_List_XML><NIPR_Num NIPR_Num="8980608" /><NIPR_Num NIPR_Num="7597855" /><NIPR_Num NIPR_Num="10166016" /></NIPR_Num_List_XML></Producer_List></SCB_Create_Report_Request></SCB_Request>' params = {} params['xmldata'] = xml headers = {} headers['Content-type'] = 'text/xml' headers['Accept'] = '*/*' headers['Content-Length'] = "%d" % len(xml) connection = httplib.HTTPSConnection(url) connection.set_debuglevel(1) connection.request("POST", "/pdb-xml-reports/scb_xmlclient.cgi", params, headers) response = connection.getresponse() print response.status, response.reason data = response.read() print data connection.close Here's the error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Python27\tutorial.py", line 14, in connection.request("POST", "/pdb-xml-reports/scb_xmlclient.cgi", params, headers) File "C:\Python27\lib\httplib.py", line 958, in request self._send_request(method, url, body, headers) File "C:\Python27\lib\httplib.py", line 992, in _send_request self.endheaders(body) File "C:\Python27\lib\httplib.py", line 954, in endheaders self._send_output(message_body) File "C:\Python27\lib\httplib.py", line 818, in _send_output self.send(message_body) File "C:\Python27\lib\httplib.py", line 790, in send self.sock.sendall(data) File "C:\Python27\lib\ssl.py", line 229, in sendall v = self.send(data[count:]) TypeError: unhashable type My log file says that the xmldata parameter is empty. Any ideas?

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  • Play mp3 using Python, PyQt, and Phonon

    - by KeyboardInterrupt
    I been trying all day to figure out the Qt's Phonon library with Python. My long term goal is to see if I could get it to play a mms:// stream, but since I can't find an implementation of this done anywhere, I will figure that part out myself. (figured I'd put it out there if anyone knew more about this specifically, if not no big deal.) Anyway, I figured I'd work backwards from a working example I found online. This launches a file browser and will play the mp3 file specified. I wanted to strip out the file browser stuff and get it down to the essentials of executing the script and having it play an Mp3 file with a hardcoded path. I'm assuming my problem is a misunderstanding of setCurrentSource() and specifying the data types. (see: http://www.riverbankcomputing.co.uk/static/Docs/PyQt4/html/phonon-mediasource.html#fileName) I'm keeping my question kind of broad because ANY help with understanding Phonon would be greatly appreciated. import sys from PyQt4.QtGui import QApplication, QMainWindow, QDirModel, QColumnView from PyQt4.QtGui import QFrame from PyQt4.QtCore import SIGNAL from PyQt4.phonon import Phonon class MainWindow(QMainWindow): m_model = QDirModel() def __init__(self): QMainWindow.__init__(self) self.m_fileView = QColumnView(self) self.m_media = None self.setCentralWidget(self.m_fileView) self.m_fileView.setModel(self.m_model) self.m_fileView.setFrameStyle(QFrame.NoFrame) self.connect(self.m_fileView, SIGNAL("updatePreviewWidget(const QModelIndex &)"), self.play) def play(self, index): self.delayedInit() self.m_media.setCurrentSource( Phonon.MediaSource(self.m_model.filePath(index))) self.m_media.play() def delayedInit(self): if not self.m_media: self.m_media = Phonon.MediaObject(self) audioOutput = Phonon.AudioOutput(Phonon.MusicCategory, self) Phonon.createPath(self.m_media, audioOutput) def main(): app = QApplication(sys.argv) QApplication.setApplicationName("Phonon Tutorial 2 (Python)") mw = MainWindow() mw.show() sys.exit(app.exec_()) if __name__ == '__main__': main()

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  • want to add url links to .csv datafeed using python

    - by abs
    Hi all ive looked through the current related questions but have not managed to find anything similar to my needs. Im in the process of creating a affiliate store using zencart - now one of the issues is that zencart is not designed for redirects and affiliate stores but it can be done. I will be changing the store so it acts like a showcase store showing prices. There is a mod called easy populate which allows me to upload datafeeds. This is all well and good however my affiliate link will not be in each product. I can do it manually after uploading the data feed and going to each product and then adding it as an image with a redirect link - However when there are over 500 items its going to be a long repetitive and time consuming job. I have been told that I can add the links to the data feed before uploading it to zencart and this should be done using python. Ive been reading about python for several days now and feel im looking for the wrong things. I was wondering if someone could please advise the simplest way for me to get this done. I hope the question makes sense thanks abs

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  • Newbie, deciding Python or Erlang

    - by Joe
    Hi Guys, I'm a Administrator (unix, Linux and some windows apps such as Exchange) by experience and have never worked on any programming language besides C# and scripting on Bash and lately on powershell. I'm starting out as a service provider and using multiple network/server monitoring tools based on open source (nagios, opennms etc) in order to monitor them. At this moment, being inspired by a design that I came up with, to do more than what is available with the open source at this time, I would like to start programming and test some of these ideas. The requirement is that a server software that captures a stream of data and store them in a database(CouchDB or MongoDB preferably) and the client side (agent installed on a server) would be sending this stream of data on a schedule of every 10 minutes or so. For these two core ideas, I have been reading about Python and Erlang besides ruby. I do plan to use either Amazon or Rackspace where the server platform would run. This gives me the scalability needed when we have more customers with many servers. For that reason alone, I thought Erlang was a better fit(I could be totally wrong, new to this game) and I understand that Erlang has limited support in some ways compared to Ruby or Python. But also I'm totally new to the programming realm of things and any advise would be appreciated grately. Jo

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  • Nested WHILE loops in Python

    - by Guru
    I am a beginner with Python and trying few programs. I have something like the following WHILE loop construct in Python (not exact). IDLE 2.6.4 >>> a=0 >>> b=0 >>> while a < 4: a=a+1 while b < 4: b=b+1 print a, b 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 I am expecting the outer loop to loop through 1,2,3 and 4. And I know I can do this with FOR loop like this >>> for a in range(1,5): for b in range(1,5): print a,b 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 4 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 But, what is wrong with WHILE loop? I guess I am missing some thing obvious, but could not make out. P.S: Searched out SO, found few questions but none as close to this. Don't know whether this could classified as homework, the actual program was different, the problem is what puzzles me.

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  • How to reproduce System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1Managed result in Python

    - by joetyson
    Here's the deal: I'm moving a .NET website to Python. I have a database with passwords hashed using the System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1Managed utility. I'm creating the hash in .NET with the following code: string hashedPassword = Cryptographer.CreateHash("MYHasher", userInfo.Password); The MYHasher block looks like this: <add algorithmType="System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1Managed, mscorlib, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=blahblahblah" saltEnabled="true" type="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithmProvider, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Security.Cryptography, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=daahblahdahdah" name="MYHasher" /> So for a given password, I get back and store in the database a 48 byte salted sha1. I assume the last 8 bytes are the salt. I have tried to reproduce the hashing process in python by doing a sha1(salt + password) and sha1(password + salt) but I'm having no luck. My question to you: How are the public keys being used? How is the password rehashed using the salt. How is the salt created? (e.g., When I say saltEnabled="true", what extra magic happens?) I need specific details that don't just reference other .NET libraries, I'm looking for the actual operational logic that happens in the blackbox. Thanks!

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  • Python PyQt Timer Firmata

    - by George Cullins
    Hello. I am pretty new to python and working with firmata I am trying to play around with an arduino . Here is what I want to happen: Set arduino up with an LED as a digital out Set potentiometer to analog 0 Set PyQt timer up to update potentiometer position in application Set a threshold in PyQt to turn LED on (Analog in has 1024bit resolution, so say 800 as the threshold) I am using this firmata library : Link Here is the code that I am having trouble with: import sys from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui from firmata import * # Arduino setup self.a = Arduino('COM3') self.a.pin_mode(13, firmata.OUTPUT) # Create timer self.appTimer = QtCore.QTimer(self) self.appTimer.start(100) self.appTimer.event(self.updateAppTimer()) def updateAppTimer(self): self.analogPosition = self.a.analog_read(self, 0) self.ui.lblPositionValue.setNum() I am getting the error message: Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\Programming\Eclipse\IO Demo\src\control.py", line 138, in myapp = MainWindow() File "D:\Programming\Eclipse\IO Demo\src\control.py", line 56, in init self.appTimer.event(self.updateAppTimer()) File "D:\Programming\Eclipse\IO Demo\src\control.py", line 60, in updateAppTimer self.analogPosition = self.a.analog_read(self, 0) TypeError: analog_read() takes exactly 2 arguments (3 given) If I take 'self' out I get the same error message but that only 1 argument is given What is python doing implicitly that I am not aware of? Blockquote

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  • Python dictionary formating

    - by None
    I made a python function to convert dictionaries to formatted strings. My goal was to have a function take a dictionary for input and turn it into a string that looked good. For example, something like "{'text':'Hello', 'blah':{'hi':'hello','hello':'hi'}}" would be turned into this: text: Hello blah: hi: hello hello: hi This is the code I wrote: indent = 0 def format_dict(d): global indent res = "" for key in d: res += (" " * indent) + key + ":\n" if not type(d[key]) == type({}): res += (" " * (indent + 1)) + d[key] + "\n" else: indent += 1 res += format_dict(d[key]) indent -= 1 return res #test print format_dict({'key with text content':'some text', 'key with dict content': {'cheese': 'text', 'item':{'Blah': 'Hello'}}}) It works like a charm. It checks if the dictionary item is another dictionary, in which it process that, or something else, in which it would use that as the value. The problem is: I can't have a dictionary and a string together in a dictionary item. For example: if I wanted blah: hi hello: hello again there'd be no way to do it. Is there some way I could have something like a list item in a dictionary. Something like this "{'blah':{'hi', 'hello':'hello again'}}"? And if you provide a solution could you tell me how I would need to change my code (if it did require changes). Note: I am using python 2.5

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  • maintaining a large list in python

    - by Oren
    I need to maintain a large list of python pickleable objects that will quickly execute the following algorithm: The list will have 4 pointers and can: Read\Write each of the 4 pointed nodes Insert new nodes before the pointed nodes Increase a pointer by 1 Pop nodes from the beginning of the list (without overlapping the pointers) Add nodes at the end of the list The list can be very large (300-400 MB), so it shouldnt be contained in the RAM. The nodes are small (100-200 bytes) but can contain various types of data. The most efficient way it can be done, in my opinion, is to implement some paging-mechanism. On the harddrive there will be some database of a linked-list of pages where in every moment up to 5 of them are loaded in the memory. On insertion, if some max-page-size was reached, the page will be splitted to 2 small pages, and on pointer increment, if a pointer is increased beyond its loaded page, the following page will be loaded instead. This is a good solution, but I don't have the time to write it, especially if I want to make it generic and implement all the python-list features. Using a SQL tables is not good either, since I'll need to implement a complex index-key mechanism. I tried ZODB and zc.blist, which implement a BTree based list that can be stored in a ZODB database file, but I don't know how to configure it so the above features will run in reasonable time. I don't need all the multi-threading\transactioning features. No one else will touch the database-file except for my single-thread program. Can anyone explain me how to configure the ZODB\zc.blist so the above features will run fast, or show me a different large-list implementation?

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  • Producing an view of a text's revision history in Python

    - by hekevintran
    I have two versions of a piece of text and I want to produce an HTML view of its revision similar to what Google Docs or Stack Overflow displays. I need to do this in Python. I don't know what this technique is called but I assume that it has a name and hopefully there is a Python library that can do it. Version 1: William Henry "Bill" Gates III (born October 28, 1955)[2] is an American business magnate, philanthropist, and chairman[3] of Microsoft, the software company he founded with Paul Allen. Version 2: William Henry "Bill" Gates III (born October 28, 1955)[2] is a business magnate, philanthropist, and chairman[3] of Microsoft, the software company he founded with Paul Allen. He is American. The desired output: William Henry "Bill" Gates III (born October 28, 1955)[2] is an American business magnate, philanthropist, and chairman[3] of Microsoft, the software company he founded with Paul Allen. He is American. Using the diff command doesn't work because it tells me which lines are different but not which columns/words are different. $ echo 'William Henry "Bill" Gates III (born October 28, 1955)[2] is an American business magnate, philanthropist, and chairman[3] of Microsoft, the software company he founded with Paul Allen.' > oldfile $ echo 'William Henry "Bill" Gates III (born October 28, 1955)[2] is a business magnate, philanthropist, and chairman[3] of Microsoft, the software company he founded with Paul Allen. He is American.' > newfile $ diff -u oldfile newfile --- oldfile 2010-04-30 13:32:43.000000000 -0700 +++ newfile 2010-04-30 13:33:09.000000000 -0700 @@ -1 +1 @@ -William Henry "Bill" Gates III (born October 28, 1955)[2] is an American business magnate, philanthropist, and chairman[3] of Microsoft, the software company he founded with Paul Allen. +William Henry "Bill" Gates III (born October 28, 1955)[2] is a business magnate, philanthropist, and chairman[3] of Microsoft, the software company he founded with Paul Allen. He is American.' > oldfile

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  • Python: fetching SVG file using urllib is returning binary when I need ASCII

    - by Drew Dara-Abrams
    I'm using urllib (in Python) to fetch an SVG file: import urllib urllib.urlopen('http://alpha.vectors.cloudmade.com/BC9A493B41014CAABB98F0471D759707/-122.2487,37.87588,-122.265823,37.868054?styleid=1&viewport=400x231').read() which produces output of the sort: xb6\xf6\x00\xb3\xfb2\xff\xda\xc5\xf2\xc2\x14\xef\xcd\x82\x0b\xdbU\xb0\x81\xcaF\xd8\x1a\xf6\xdf[i)\xba\xcf\x80\xab\xd6\x8c\xe3l_\xe7\n\xed2,\xbdm\xa0_|\xbb\x12\xff\xb6\xf8\xda\xd9\xc3\xd9\t\xde\x9a\xf8\xae\xb3T\xa3\r`\x8a\x08!T\xfb8\x92\x95\x0c\xdd\x8b!\x02P\xea@\x98\x1c^\xc7\xda\\\xec\xe3\xe1\xbe,0\xcd\xbeZ~\x92\xb3\xfa\xdd\xfcbyu\xb8\x83\xbb\xbdS\x0f\x82\x0b\xfe\xf5_\xdawn\xff\xef_\xff\xe5\xfa\x1f?\xbf\xffoZ\x0f\x8b\xbfV\xf4\x04\x00' when I was expecting more like this: <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:cm="http://cloudmade.com/" width="400" height="231"> <rect width="100%" height="100%" fill="#eae8dd" opacity="1"/> <g transform="scale(0.209849975856)"> <g transform="translate(13610569, 4561906)" flood-opacity="0.1" flood-color="grey"> <path d="M -13610027.720000000670552 -4562403.660000000149012 I guess this is an issue of binary vs. ASCII. Can anyone help me (a Python newbie) with the appropriate conversion so that I can get on with parsing and manipulating the SVG code?

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  • python - tkinter - update label from variable

    - by Tom
    I wrote a python script that does some stuff to generate and then keep changing some text stored as a string variable. This works, and I can print the string each time it gets changed. Problems have arisen while trying to display that output in a GUI (just as a basic label) using tkinter. I can get the label to display the string for the first time... but it never updates. This is really the first time I have tried to use tkinter, so it's likely I'm making a foolish error. What I've got looks logical to me, but I'm evidently going wrong somewhere! from tkinter import * outputText = 'Ready' counter = int(0) root = Tk() root.maxsize(400, 400) var = StringVar() l = Label(root, textvariable=var, anchor=NW, justify=LEFT, wraplength=398) l.pack() var.set(outputText) while True: counter = counter + 1 #do some stuff that generates string as variable 'result' outputText = result #do some more stuff that generates new string as variable 'result' outputText = result #do some more stuff that generates new string as variable 'result' outputText = result if counter == 5: break root.mainloop() I also tried: from tkinter import * outputText = 'Ready' counter = int(0) root = Tk() root.maxsize(400, 400) var = StringVar() l = Label(root, textvariable=var, anchor=NW, justify=LEFT, wraplength=398) l.pack() var.set(outputText) while True: counter = counter + 1 #do some stuff that generates string as variable 'result' outputText = result var.set(outputText) #do some more stuff that generates new string as variable 'result' outputText = result var.set(outputText) #do some more stuff that generates new string as variable 'result' outputText = result var.set(outputText) if counter == 5: break root.mainloop() In both cases, the label will show 'Ready' but won't update to change that to the strings as they're generated later. After a fair bit of googling and looking through answers on this site, I thought the solution might be to use update_idletasks - I tried putting that in after each time the variable was changed, but it didn't help. It also seems possible I am meant to be using trace and callback somehow to make all this work...but I can't get my head around how that works (I tried, but didn't manage to make anything that even looked like it would do something, let alone actually worked). I'm still very new to both python and especially tkinter, so, any help much appreciated but please spell it out for me if you can :)

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  • Starting out NLP - Python + large data set

    - by pencilNero
    Hi, I've been wanting to learn python and do some NLP, so have finally gotten round to starting. Downloaded the english wikipedia mirror for a nice chunky dataset to start on, and have been playing around a bit, at this stage just getting some of it into a sqlite db (havent worked with dbs in the past unfort). But I'm guessing sqlite is not the way to go for a full blown nlp project(/experiment :) - what would be the sort of things I should look at ? HBase (.. and hadoop) seem interesting, i guess i could run then im java, prototype in python and maybe migrate the really slow bits to java... alternatively just run Mysql.. but the dataset is 12gb, i wonder if that will be a problem? Also looked at lucene, but not sure how (other than breaking the wiki articles into chunks) i'd get that to work.. What comes to mind for a really flexible NLP platform (i dont really know at this stage WHAT i want to do.. just want to learn large scale lang analysis tbh) ? Many thanks.

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  • using python 'with' statement with iterators?

    - by Stephen
    Hi, I'm using Python 2.5. I'm trying to use this 'with' statement. from __future__ import with_statement a = [] with open('exampletxt.txt','r') as f: while True: a.append(f.next().strip().split()) print a The contents of 'exampletxt.txt' are simple: a b In this case, I get the error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> File "/tmp/python-7036sVf.py", line 5, in <module> a.append(f.next().strip().split()) StopIteration And if I replace f.next() with f.read(), it seems to be caught in an infinite loop. I wonder if I have to write a decorator class that accepts the iterator object as an argument, and define an __exit__ method for it? I know it's more pythonic to use a for-loop for iterators, but I wanted to implement a while loop within a generator that's called by a for-loop... something like def g(f): while True: x = f.next() if test1(x): a = x elif test2(x): b = f.next() yield [a,x,b] a = [] with open(filename) as f: for x in g(f): a.append(x)

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  • Create a VPN with Python

    - by user213060
    I want to make a device "tunnel box" that you plug an input ethernet line, and an output ethernet line, and all the traffic that goes through it gets modified in a special way. This is similar to how a firewall, IDS, VPN, or similar boxes are connected inline in a network. I think you can just assume that I am writing a custom VPN in Python for the purpose of this question: LAN computer <--\ LAN computer <---> [LAN switch] <--> ["tunnel box"] <--> [internet modem] <--> LAN computer <--/ My question is, what is a good way to program this "tunnel box" from python? My application needs to see TCP flows at the network layer, not as individual ethernet frames. Non-TCP/IP traffic such as ICPM and other types should just be passed through. Example Twisted-like Code for my "tunnel box" tunnel appliance: from my_code import special_data_conversion_function class StreamInterceptor(twisted.Protocol): def dataReceived(self,data): data=special_data_conversion_function(data) self.outbound_connection.send(data) My initial guesses: TUN/TAP with twisted.pair.tuntap.py - Problem: This seems to only work at the ethernet frame level, not like my example? Socks proxy - Problem: Not transparent as in my diagram. Programs have to be specifically setup for it. Thanks!

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  • Python API for VirtualBox

    - by jessica
    I have made a command-line interface for virtualbox such that the virtualbox can be controlled from a remote machine. now I am trying to implement the commmand-line interface using python virtualbox api. For that I have downloaded the pyvb package (python api documentation shows functions that can be used for implementing this under pyvb package). but when I give pyvb.vb.VB.startVM(instance of VB class,pyvb.vm.vbVM) SERVER SIDE CODE IS from pyvb.constants import * from pyvb.vm import * from pyvb.vb import * import xpcom import pyvb import os import socket import threading class ClientThread ( threading.Thread ): # Override Thread's init method to accept the parameters needed: def init ( self, channel, details ): self.channel = channel self.details = details threading.Thread.__init__ ( self ) def run ( self ): print 'Received connection:', self.details [ 0 ] while 1: s= self.channel.recv ( 1024 ) if(s!='end'): if(s=='start'): v=VB() pyvb.vb.VB.startVM(v,pyvb.vm.vbVM) else: self.channel.close() break print 'Closed connection:', self.details [ 0 ] server = socket.socket ( socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM ) server.bind ( ( '127.0.0.1', 2897 ) ) server.listen ( 5 ) while True: channel, details = server.accept() ClientThread ( channel, details ).start() it shows an error Exception in thread Thread-1: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python2.5/threading.py", line 486, in __bootstrap_inner self.run() File "news.py", line 27, in run pyvb.vb.VB.startVM(v,pyvb.vm.vbVM.getUUID(m)) File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/pyvb-0.0.2-py2.5.egg/pyvb/vb.py", line 65, in startVM cmd='%s %s'%(VB_COMMAND_STARTVM, vm.getUUID()) AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'getUUID'

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  • How do you invoke a python script inside a jar file using python ?

    - by Trevor
    I'm working on an application that intersperses a bunch of jython and java code. Due to the nature of the program (using wsadmin) we are really restricted to Python 2.1 We currently have a jar containing both java source and .py modules. The code is currently invoked using java, but I'd like to remove this in favor of migrating as much functionality as possible to jython. The problem I have is that I want to either import or execute python modules inside the existing jar file from a calling jython script. I've tried a couple of different ways without success. My directory structure looks like: application.jar |-- com |--example |-- action |-- MyAction.class |-- pre_myAction.py The 1st approach I tried was to do imports from the jar. I added the jar to my sys.path and tried to import the module using both import com.example.action.myAction and import myAction. No success however, even when I put init.py files into the directory at each level. The 2nd approach I tried was to load the resource using the java class. So I wrote the below code: import sys import os import com.example.action.MyAction as MyAction scriptName = str(MyAction.getResource('/com/example/action/myAction.py')) scriptStr = MyAction.getResourceAsStream('/com/example/action/myAction.py') try: print execfile(scriptStr) except: print "failed 1" try: print execfile(scriptName) except: print "failed 2" Both of these failed. I'm at a bit of a loss now as to how I should proceed. Any ideas ? cheers, Trevor

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  • Python doctest error

    - by user74283
    Hi I recently started experimenting with python currently reading "Think like a computer scientist: Learning python v2nd edition" I have been having some trouble with doctest. I use a windows 7 machine and Eclipse IDE with pydev. My question is when i run the script below i get the error below. Said script is below the the error message Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\shaytac\PythonProjects\test.py", line 21, in doctest.testmod() File "C:\Python26\lib\doctest.py", line 1829, in testmod for test in finder.find(m, name, globs=globs, extraglobs=extraglobs): File "C:\Python26\lib\doctest.py", line 852, in find self._find(tests, obj, name, module, source_lines, globs, {}) File "C:\Python26\lib\doctest.py", line 906, in _find globs, seen) File "C:\Python26\lib\doctest.py", line 894, in _find test = self._get_test(obj, name, module, globs, source_lines) File "C:\Python26\lib\doctest.py", line 978, in _get_test filename, lineno) File "C:\Python26\lib\doctest.py", line 597, in get_doctest return DocTest(self.get_examples(string, name), globs, File "C:\Python26\lib\doctest.py", line 611, in get_examples return [x for x in self.parse(string, name) File "C:\Python26\lib\doctest.py", line 573, in parse self._parse_example(m, name, lineno) File "C:\Python26\lib\doctest.py", line 631, in _parse_example self._check_prompt_blank(source_lines, indent, name, lineno) File "C:\Python26\lib\doctest.py", line 718, in _check_prompt_blank line[indent:indent+3], line)) ValueError: line 2 of the docstring for main.compare lacks blank after : 'compare(5, 4) ' def compare(a, b): """ >>>compare(5, 4) 1 >>>compare(7, 7) 0 >>>compare(2, 3) -1 >>>compare(42, 1) 1 """ if a > b : return 1 if a == b : return 0 if a < b : return -1 if __name__ == '__main__': import doctest doctest.testmod()

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  • Python Pre-testing for exceptions when coverage fails

    - by Tal Weiss
    I recently came across a simple but nasty bug. I had a list and I wanted to find the smallest member in it. I used Python's built-in min(). Everything worked great until in some strange scenario the list was empty (due to strange user input I could not have anticipated). My application crashed with a ValueError (BTW - not documented in the official docs). I have very extensive unit tests and I regularly check coverage to avoid surprises like this. I also use Pylint (everything is integrated in PyDev) and I never ignore warnings, yet I failed to catch this bug before my users did. Is there anything I can change in my methodology to avoid these kind of runtime errors? (which would have been caught at compile time in Java / C#?). I'm looking for something more than wrapping my code with a big try-except. What else can I do? How many other build in Python functions are hiding nasty surprises like this???

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  • Python with Wiimote using pywiiuse module

    - by Anon
    After seeing the abilities and hackibility of wiimotes I really want to use it in my 'Intro to programming' final. Everyone must make a python program and present it to the class. I want to make a game with pygame incorporating a wiimote. I found pywiiuse which is a very basic wrapper for the wiiuse library using c types. I can NOT get anything beyond LEDs and vibrating to work. Buttons, IR, motion sensing, nothing. I've tried different versions of wiiuse, pywiiuse, even python. I can't even get the examples that came with it to run. Here's the code I made as a simple test. I copied some of the example C++ code. from pywiiuse import * from time import sleep #Init wiimotes = wiiuse_init() #Find and start the wiimote found = wiiuse_find(wiimotes,1,5) #Make the variable wiimote to the first wiimote init() found wiimote = wiimotes.contents #Set Leds wiiuse_set_leds(wiimote,WIIMOTE_LED_1) #Rumble for 1 second wiiuse_rumble(wiimote,1) sleep(1) wiiuse_rumble(wiimote,0) #Turn motion sensing on(supposedly) wiiuse_motion_sensing(wiimote,1) while 1: #Poll the wiimotes to get the status like pitch or roll if(wiiuse_poll(wiimote,1)): print 'EVENT' And here's the output when I run it. wiiuse version 0.9 wiiuse api version 8 [INFO] Found wiimote [assigned wiimote id 1]. EVENT EVENT Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Documents and Settings\Nick\Desktop\wiimotetext.py", line 26, in <mod ule> if(wiiuse_poll(wiimote,1)): WindowsError: exception: access violation reading 0x00000004 It seems each time I run it, it prints out EVENT 2-5 times until the trace back. I have no clue what to do at this point, I've been trying for the past two days to get it working. Thanks!

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  • python: nonblocking subprocess, check stdout

    - by Will Cavanagh
    Ok so the problem I'm trying to solve is this: I need to run a program with some flags set, check on its progress and report back to a server. So I need my script to avoid blocking while the program executes, but I also need to be able to read the output. Unfortunately, I don't think any of the methods available from Popen will read the output without blocking. I tried the following, which is a bit hack-y (are we allowed to read and write to the same file from two different objects?) import time import subprocess from subprocess import * with open("stdout.txt", "wb") as outf: with open("stderr.txt", "wb") as errf: command = ['Path\\To\\Program.exe', 'para', 'met', 'ers'] p = subprocess.Popen(command, stdout=outf, stderr=errf) isdone = False while not isdone : with open("stdout.txt", "rb") as readoutf: #this feels wrong for line in readoutf: print(line) print("waiting...\\r\\n") if(p.poll() != None) : done = True time.sleep(1) output = p.communicate()[0] print(output) Unfortunately, Popen doesn't seem to write to my file until after the command terminates. Does anyone know of a way to do this? I'm not dedicated to using python, but I do need to send POST requests to a server in the same script, so python seemed like an easier choice than, say, shell scripting. Thanks! Will

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  • Endless problems with a very simple python subprocess.Popen task

    - by Thomas
    I'd like python to send around a half-million integers in the range 0-255 each to an executable written in C++. This executable will then respond with a few thousand integers. Each on one line. This seems like it should be very simple to do with subprocess but i've had endless troubles. Right now im testing with code: // main() u32 num; std::cin >> num; u8* data = new u8[num]; for (u32 i = 0; i < num; ++i) std::cin >> data[i]; // test output / spit it back out for (u32 i = 0; i < num; ++i) std::cout << data[i] << std::endl; return 0; Building an array of strings ("data"), each like "255\n", in python and then using: output = proc.communicate("".join(data))[0] ...doesn't work (says stdin is closed, maybe too much at one time). Neither has using proc.stdin and proc.stdout worked. This should be so very simple, but I'm getting constant exceptions, and/or no output data returned to me. My Popen is currently: proc = Popen('aux/test_cpp_program', stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, bufsize=1) Advise me before I pull my hair out. ;)

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  • Getting all new messages from a Maildir in python

    - by Jesper
    I have a mail dir: foo@foo:~/Maildir$ ls -l total 288 drwx------ 2 foo foo 155648 2010-04-19 15:19 cur -rw------- 1 foo foo 440 2010-03-20 08:50 dovecot.index.log -rw------- 1 foo foo 112 2010-03-20 08:49 dovecot-uidlist -rw------- 1 foo foo 8 2010-03-20 08:49 dovecot-uidvalidity -rw------- 1 foo foo 0 2010-03-20 08:49 dovecot-uidvalidity.4ba48c0e drwx------ 2 foo foo 114688 2010-04-19 16:07 new drwx------ 2 foo foo 4096 2010-04-19 16:07 tmp And in python I'm trying to get all new messages (Python 2.6.5rc2). First, getting "Maildir" works: >>> import mailbox >>> md = mailbox.Maildir('/home/foo/Maildir') >>> md.iterkeys().next() '1269924477.Vfc01I4249fM708004.foo' But how do I access "Maildir/new"? This does not work: >>> md = mailbox.Maildir('/home/foo/Maildir/new') >>> md.iterkeys().next() Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> File "/usr/lib/python2.6/mailbox.py", line 346, in iterkeys self._refresh() File "/usr/lib/python2.6/mailbox.py", line 467, in _refresh for entry in os.listdir(subdir_path): OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/home/foo/Maildir/new/new' >>> Any ideas?

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  • Help me find an appropriate ruby/python parser generator

    - by Geo
    The first parser generator I've worked with was Parse::RecDescent, and the guides/tutorials available for it were great, but the most useful feature it has was it's debugging tools, specifically the tracing capabilities ( activated by setting $RD_TRACE to 1 ). I am looking for a parser generator that can help you debug it's rules. The thing is, it has to be written in python or in ruby, and have a verbose mode/trace mode or very helpful debugging techniques. Does anyone know such a parser generator ? EDIT: when I said debugging, I wasn't referring to debugging python or ruby. I was referring to debugging the parser generator, see what it's doing at every step, see every char it's reading, rules it's trying to match. Hope you get the point. BOUNTY EDIT: to win the bounty, please show a parser generator framework, and illustrate some of it's debugging features. I repeat, I'm not interested in pdb, but in parser's debugging framework. Also, please don't mention treetop. I'm not interested in it.

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  • Building a python module and linking it against a MacOSX framework

    - by madflo
    I'm trying to build a Python extension on MacOSX 10.6 and to link it against several frameworks (i386 only). I made a setup.py file, using distutils and the Extension object. I order to link against my frameworks, my LDFLAGS env var should look like : LDFLAGS = -lc -arch i386 -framework fwk1 -framework fwk2 As I did not find any 'framework' keyword in the Extension module documentation, I used the extra_link_args keyword instead. Extension('test', define_macros = [('MAJOR_VERSION', '1'), ,('MINOR_VERSION', '0')], include_dirs = ['/usr/local/include', 'include/', 'include/vitale'], extra_link_args = ['-arch i386', '-framework fwk1', '-framework fwk2'], sources = "testmodule.cpp", language = 'c++' ) Everything is compiling and linking fine. If I remove the -framework line from the extra_link_args, my linker fails, as expected. Here is the last two lines produced by a python setup.py build : /usr/bin/g++-4.2 -arch x86_64 -arch i386 -isysroot / -L/opt/local/lib -arch x86_64 -arch i386 -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.6/testmodule.o -o build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-2.6/test.so -arch i386 -framework sgdosx -framework srtosx -framework ssvosx -framework stsosx Unfortunately, the .so that I just produced is unable to find several symbols provided by this framework. I tried to check the linked framework with otool. None of them is appearing. $ otool -L test.so test.so: /usr/lib/libstdc++.6.dylib (compatibility version 7.0.0, current version 7.9.0) /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 125.0.1) There is the output of otool run on a test binary, made with g++ and ldd using the LDFLAGS described at the top of my post. On this example, the -framework did work. $ otool -L vitaosx vitaosx: /Library/Frameworks/sgdosx.framework/Versions/A/sgdosx (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.0.0) /Library/Frameworks/ssvosx.framework/Versions/A/ssvosx (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.0.0) /usr/lib/libstdc++.6.dylib (compatibility version 7.0.0, current version 7.9.0) /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 125.0.1) May this issue be linked to the "-undefined dynamic_lookup" flag on the linking step ? I'm a little bit confused by the few lines of documentation that I'm finding on Google. Cheers,

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