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  • filter to reverse lines of a text file

    - by Greg Hewgill
    I'm writing a small shell script that needs to reverse the lines of a text file. Is there a standard filter command to do this sort of thing? My specific application is that I'm getting a list of Git commit identifiers, and I want to process them in reverse order: git log --pretty=oneline work...master | grep -v DEBUG: | cut -d' ' -f1 | reverse The best I've come up with is to implement reverse like this: ... | cat -b | sort -rn | cut -f2- This uses cat to number every line, then sort to sort them in descending numeric order (which ends up reversing the whole file), then cut to remove the unneeded line number. The above works for my application, but may fail in the general case because cat -b only numbers nonblank lines. Is there a better, more general way to do this?

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  • Use XSLT to arrange a list of items in a table

    - by Mark Sp
    I have a linear list of items which I wish to arrange in a table using XSLT. I wish to specify the number of columns as a parameter. For example, if I have a list of 12 items, I can select a 2x6, 3x4, 4x3 or 6x2 table. I cannot see a general way to do this. I have seen this article: http://www.nedcomp.nl/support/origdocs/xml4/extracted/xpath_hdi_1_4llx.aspx It tells you how to generate a table with a specific number of columns, but does not allow a general case. (Ideally there would be a loop for the xsl:value-of lines). Thanks Mark

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  • Can output from OutputDebugString be viewed in VisualStudio's output window

    - by wageoghe
    I am using C# and VS2010. When I use OutputDebugString to write debug information, should it show up in the output window? I can see the output from OutputDebugString in DebugView, but I thought I would see it in Visual Studio's Output window. I have looked under Tools-Options-Debugging-General and the output is NOT being redirected to the Immediate window. I have also looked under Tools-Options-Debugging-Output Window and all General Output Settings are set to "On". Finally, I have used the drop-down list in the Output window to specify that Debug messages should appear. If I change Tools-Options-Debugging-General to redirect the output to the Immediate window, the OutputDebugString messages do not appear in the immediate window. Here is my entire test program: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Diagnostics; namespace OutputDebugString { class Program { [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] public static extern void OutputDebugString(string message); static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine("Main - Enter - Console.WriteLine"); Debug.WriteLine("Main - Enter - Debug.WriteLine"); OutputDebugString("Main - Enter - OutputDebugString"); OutputDebugString("Main - Exit - OutputDebugString"); Debug.WriteLine("Main - Exit - Debug.WriteLine"); Console.WriteLine("Main - Exit - Console.WriteLine"); } } } If I run within the debugger, the Debug.WriteLine output does show up in the output window, but the OutputDebugString output does not. If I run from a console window, both Debug.WriteLine and OutputDebugString show up in DebugView. Why doesn't the OutputDebugString output ever show up in the output window? Ultimately, my intent is not to write a lot of debug output with OutputDebugString, rather I will use System.Diagnostics or NLog or something similar. I am just trying to find out, if I configure a logging platform to write to OutputDebugString, will the output be visible from within the debugger. Edit: I went back to my original program (not the simple test above) which uses TraceSources and TraceListeners configured via the app.config file. If I configure the trace sources to write to the System.Diagnostics.DefaultTraceListener (which is documented as writing to OutputDebugString), then the trace source output DOES go to the debug window. However, lines that write directly with OutputDebugString (such as in my simple example) DO NOT go to the debug window. Also, if I use a different TraceListener that writes to OutputDebugString (I got one from Ukadc.Diagnostics at codeplex), that output DOES NOT go to the debug window. Note that I have seen these questions but they did not provide a working solution: here and here

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  • What is the best way to read and write cXML documents in C# ?

    - by tetranz
    I know this is a vague open ended question. I'm hoping to get some general direction. I need to add cXML punchout to an ASP.NET C# site / application. This is replacing something that I wrote years ago in ColdFusion. I'm a reasonably experienced C# developer but I haven't done much with XML. There seems to be lots of different options for processing XML in .NET. Here's the open ended question: Assuming that I have an XML document in some form, eg a file or a string, what is the best way to read it into my code? I want to get the data and then query databases etc. The cXML document size and our traffic volumes are easily small enough so that loading the a cXML document into memory is not a problem. Should I: 1) Manually build classes based on the dtd and use the XML Serializer? 2) Use a tool to generate classes. There are sample cXML files downloadable from Ariba.com. I tried xsd.exe to generate an xsd and then xsd.exe /c to generate classes. When I try to deserialize I get errors because there seems to be "confusion" around whether some elements should be single values or arrays. I tried the CodeXS online tool but that gives errors in it's log and errors if I try to deserialize a sample document. 2) Create a dataset and ReadXml()? 3) Create a typed dataset and ReadXml()? 4) Use Linq to XML. I often use Linq to Objects so I'm familiar with Linq in general but I'm struggling to see what it gives me in this situation. 5) Some other means. I guess I need to improve my understanding of XML in general but even so ... am I missing some obvious way of doing this? In the old ColdFusion site I found a free component ("tag") which basically ignored any schema and read the XML into a "structure" which is essentially a series of nested hash tables which was then easy to read in code. That was probably quite sloppy but it worked. I also need to generate XML files from my C# objects. Maybe Linq to XML will be good for that. I could start with a default "template" document and manipulate it before saving. Thanks for any pointers ...

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  • Load balancer - how to write one for a custom application?

    - by Poni
    Hi! I've written a simple server application which will run distributed on several machines. My question is how does a network load balancer works, in general? I've heard of round-robin and other algorithms, but what I haven't got answer to is how does the process really goes? In socket terms. The client connects to one of the load balancer machines, asks for a "free-to-connect-to" server and simply connects to it? That's the simpliest way I can think of. .. or, does it use the load balancer as a proxy (that implies that all the NBs must be always connected to the application servers, and data is transferred through them)? It's more of a general question. How would you do this? Thank you all!

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  • Problem drawing a polygon on data clusters in MATLAB

    - by Hossein
    Hi, I have some data points which I have devided into them into some clusters with some clustering algorithms as the picture below:(it might takes some time for the image to appear) Each color represents different cluster. I have to draw polygons around each cluster. I use convhull for this reason. But as you can see the polygon for the red cluster is very big and covers a lot of areas, which is not the one I am looking for. I need to draw lines(ploygons) exactly around my data sets. For example in the picture above I want a polygon that is drawn exactly the same(and around) as the red cluster with the 3 branches. In other words, in this case I need a polygon with 3 branches to cover my red clusters not that big polygon that covers the whole area. Can anyone help me with this? Please Note that the solution should be general, because the clusters will change in each run of the algorithm, so it needs to be in a way that is general.

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  • Better algorithm for estimating download time

    - by Scott Smith
    We've all seen the download time running estimate that initially says something like "7 days", but keeps dropping wildly (e.g. "23 hours", "45 minutes", "1 min. 50 sec", etc) with each successive estimation as the chunks are downloaded. To avoid these initial (alarming) estimates, there are techniques one could try like suppressing display of the first n estimates, or waiting for the delta between estimates to drop below some threshold before you start displaying them, but these don't seem like a general, robust solution. There are corner cases involving too few samples, or samples that actually are wildly varying... I think I recall a general solution for this kind of thing in mathematics (statistics?) that reduced or eliminated these wild values. Does anyone know?

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  • New instruction sets in CPU

    - by Tomek Tarczynski
    Every new generation of CPU introduces some sets of new instruction, ie.: MMX,3DNOW,SSE and so on. I've got few general questions about them: 1) If some program uses for example SSE instruction can it be run on CPU that doesn't support SSE? 2) If yes , does it mean that those instuction will be changed to some greater number of simpler instuctions? 3) If not, does it mean that the real perfomance impact of such new instructions will be after few years when most CPU will support such technology (so there won't be any incompatibilities)? 4) When I compile a C++ program with optimizations does it mean that it'll use some of this new instructions? (I know that it depends on many factors, especcialy on the code, but I want some general answer) Or are they reserved mostly for programs written in asm?

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  • Floating point equality and tolerances

    - by doron
    Comparing two floating point number by something like a_float == b_float is looking for trouble since a_float / 3.0 * 3.0 might not be equal to a_float due to round off error. What one normally does is something like fabs(a_float - b_float) < tol. How does one calculate tol? Ideally tolerance should be just larger than the value of one or two of the least significant figures. So if the single precision floating point number is use tol = 10E-6 should be about right. However this does not work well for the general case where a_float might be very small or might be very large. How does one calculate tol correctly for all general cases? I am interested in C or C++ cases specifically.

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  • segmented reduction with scattered segments

    - by Christian Rau
    I got to solve a pretty standard problem on the GPU, but I'm quite new to practical GPGPU, so I'm looking for ideas to approach this problem. I have many points in 3-space which are assigned to a very small number of groups (each point belongs to one group), specifically 15 in this case (doesn't ever change). Now I want to compute the mean and covariance matrix of all the groups. So on the CPU it's roughly the same as: for each point p { mean[p.group] += p.pos; covariance[p.group] += p.pos * p.pos; ++count[p.group]; } for each group g { mean[g] /= count[g]; covariance[g] = covariance[g]/count[g] - mean[g]*mean[g]; } Since the number of groups is extremely small, the last step can be done on the CPU (I need those values on the CPU, anyway). The first step is actually just a segmented reduction, but with the segments scattered around. So the first idea I came up with, was to first sort the points by their groups. I thought about a simple bucket sort using atomic_inc to compute bucket sizes and per-point relocation indices (got a better idea for sorting?, atomics may not be the best idea). After that they're sorted by groups and I could possibly come up with an adaption of the segmented scan algorithms presented here. But in this special case, I got a very large amount of data per point (9-10 floats, maybe even doubles if the need arises), so the standard algorithms using a shared memory element per thread and a thread per point might make problems regarding per-multiprocessor resources as shared memory or registers (Ok, much more on compute capability 1.x than 2.x, but still). Due to the very small and constant number of groups I thought there might be better approaches. Maybe there are already existing ideas suited for these specific properties of such a standard problem. Or maybe my general approach isn't that bad and you got ideas for improving the individual steps, like a good sorting algorithm suited for a very small number of keys or some segmented reduction algorithm minimizing shared memory/register usage. I'm looking for general approaches and don't want to use external libraries. FWIW I'm using OpenCL, but it shouldn't really matter as the general concepts of GPU computing don't really differ over the major frameworks.

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  • Haskell maps returning a monad

    - by sabauma
    The lookup function in Data.Map and Data.IntMap currently return values wrapped in Maybe with the type signature lookup :: Ord k => k -> Map k a -> Maybe a It used to have the more general type of lookup :: (Monad m, Ord k) => k -> Map k a -> m a I realize the former likely reduces the need of extra type specification, but the latter would make it much more general and allow lookup to be used in list comprehensions. Is there any way to mimic this behavior with the newer version, or would I have to use an older version of the library?

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  • Custom onsynctopreference for XUL textbox

    - by Alexey Romanov
    I wanted to enable custom shortcuts in my Firefox extension. The idea is that the user just focuses on a textbox, presses key combination, and it's shown in the textbox and saved to a preference. However, I couldn't get it to work. With this XUL <?xml version="1.0"?> <?xml-stylesheet href="chrome://global/skin/" type="text/css"?> <?xml-stylesheet href="chrome://mozapps/skin/pref/pref.css" type="text/css"?> <!DOCTYPE window SYSTEM "chrome://nextplease/locale/nextplease.dtd"> <prefwindow id="nextpleaseprefs" title="&options.title;" buttons="accept, cancel" xmlns="http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul"> <prefpane id="nextplease.general" label="&options.general.title;" image="chrome://nextplease/skin/Sound Mixer.png"> <preferences> <preference id="nextkey" name="nextplease.nextkey" type="int"/> </preferences> <vbox flex="1"> <hbox align="center"> <label value="&options.general.nextKey;" /> <textbox id="nextkey" flex="1" editable="false" onkeyup="return nextplease.handleKeySelection(this, event);" preference-editable="true" preference="nextkey" onsynctopreference="alert('syncing'); return nextplease.syncKeySelector(this);"/> </hbox> </vbox> </prefpane> <script type="application/x-javascript" src="chrome://nextplease/content/nextpleaseCommon.js" /> <script type="application/x-javascript" src="chrome://nextplease/content/nextpleaseOptions.js" /> </prefwindow> the event in onkeyup works. But when I click the OK button, I don't see a "syncing" alert. Why isn't onsynctopreference working? Is it impossible to have custom onsynctopreference attribute for a textbox?

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  • CLI design and implementation?

    - by Majid
    I am developing a time management tool for my personal use. I prefer using keyboard over mouse, and on the interface have a general purpose text box which will act like a command line. I have just started thinking about what commands I need, what to use for the command names, how to pass in switches and parameters, and so forth. I wonder if some of you have come across a good read along these lines; something that describes the choices you have for designing a cli, and how those affect the complexity of the interpreter, and extendability of the commands. It makes no difference if the descriptions are language-specific or in general terms. However, my implementation will be with javascript. Thank you.

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  • What tricks can be used to type and edit code faster?

    - by Thomas
    As Jeff Atwood noted, we are typists first, programmers second. Fast typing and editing may not be essential to be a good programmer, but it certainly helps. I noticed that I consciously and subconsciously use various tricks to get my intent across to the computer as fast as possible. What tricks can be used to type and edit code faster? I'm hoping to collect a nice list here that we can all learn from, so that we can be ever so slightly more productive. One trick per answer please! (This is not about typing speed in general. There are other questions about that. It's also not about general answers like "learn your editor's shortcut keys". Think of this topic as micro-optimizations for specific cases. See my own answers for examples of what I mean.)

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  • Do you know Best Practise and Design Patterns for Adobe Air/Flex Applications?

    - by Julian
    I'm going to write an application with the Air/Flex-Framework. I'm looking for Best Practise and general Design Patterns for designing software especially in Air/Flex. I have experience with this framework but never had the pleasure to write a piece of software from scratch. For instance: I stumbled across lots of software written in Air/Flex with nearly infinity global vars :-) Most of the software I saw was not object-oriented How can I pack the asynchronous method calls nicely? I'm familiar with general design patterns by gamma. I'm looking more for advise in designing good quality software with Adobe Air/Flex.

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  • How to integrate access control with my ORM in a .net windows form application?

    - by Ying
    I am developing a general database query tools, a .Net 3.5 Windows Form application. In order to make the presentation layer is independent of the database layer. I use an ORM framework, XPO from DevExpress. But, I have no access control function built in. I surfed Internet and I found in WCF Data Services, there is an interesting concept, Interceptor, which is following AOP(Aspect Oriented Programming). I am wondering who has such an experience to build access control in ORM. My basic requirement is : It should be a general method and controlled by users in runtime. So any hard coding is not acceptable. It could be based on attribute, database table, or even an external assembly. I am willing to buy a ready solution. According to the idea of AOP, an access control function can be integrated with existing functions easily and nearly not knowingly to the previous developer;) Any suggestions are welcome.

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  • Emails, a different 'reply to' address then sender address.

    - by dcrodjer
    I have a contact form on a website (a general form: name, email, subject, message) in which mails are sent using google apps smtp to the admins. Currently if an administrator wants to reply to the mail directly selecting the reply option, the person's reply's To field will be filled by the sender's address automatically. What I wan't to ask is, Is there any standardized way to pass on some additional info with the mail which would define any reply to the mail should go to this address instead of the sender's? It does seems that there is a little chance for this option as it may lead to some problems due to spammers (They may define a custom reply field in their mail and a general user might not look where they are replying). So as an alternative what I thought is to find a way to create a filter with sender's account which figures out the reply email address from the format and forwards the mail (Doesn't seems like a good solution and I have no idea how to achieve this). I have tagged django, though this is not directly related with this, as I will finally implement this through django.

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  • TDD Example for Business Apps

    - by Jimmo
    I understand the general idea about unit testing and have used it in scenarios where complex interactions were happening in a system, but I still have a question about all of those principles coming together. We are cautioned about not testing the framework, or the database. Good UI design does not lend itself to non-human testing. UI interaction in general is excluded in MVC frameworks. In many apps what is left?. 37signals talks about extensive unit testing, but in an app like Basecamp or Backpack, what exactly are the types of things being tested through appropriate unit tests? What would 100% code coverage mean in that scenario?

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  • Which is quicker? Memcache or file query? (using maxmind geoip.dat file)

    - by tomcritchlow
    Hi, I'm using Python on Appengine and am looking up the geolocation of an IP address like this: import pygeoip gi = pygeoip.GeoIP('GeoIP.dat') Location = gi.country_code_by_addr(self.request.remote_addr) (pygeoip can be found here: http://code.google.com/p/pygeoip/) I want to geolocate each page of my app for a user so currently I lookup the IP address once then store it in memcache. My question - which is quicker? Looking up the IP address each time from the .dat file or fetching it from memcache? Are there any other pros/cons I need to be aware of? For general queries like this, is there a good guide to teach me how to optimise my code and run speed tests myself? I'm new to python and coding in general so apologies if this is a basic concept. Thanks! Tom

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  • iphone singleton object synchronization

    - by user127091
    I'm working on an iphone app but this is probably a general question. I have a singleton Model class and there would be scenarios where multiple NSOperations (threads) would exist and work with the singleton object. If they all call the same method in this object, do i need to have some locking mechanism? Or can this method be executed only one at a time? I do not have a computer science background but my guess is that all threads would have their CALL to the same address (this method). Also can you please suggest a good beginner programming book that discusses general programming concepts. I don't have the brains for Knuth kinda books.

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  • Can not search my company howto blog site anylonger... i can only search my mysites and users...

    - by Worldunix
    I have a Howto company Blog site that i post to for my clients to access for help. For some reason it has stopped letting anyone search on it. I can search for Mysites or users. But when you drop down the tab to search: This Site: "blog site name" you get the following reply: No results matching your search were found. Check your spelling. Are the words in your query spelled correctly? Try using synonyms. Maybe what you're looking for uses slightly different words. Make your search more general. Try more general terms in place of specific ones. Try your search in a different scope. Different scopes can have different results. I have tried the following command: from the Index server net stop osearch net start osearch iisreset /noforce But still not able to search a local blog site I can only search for users and Sites. please help Don

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  • How should I go about learning Python?

    - by user345690
    I am currently learning PHP and want to learn about OOP. *1.*I know Python is a well-organized and is all OOP, so would learning Python be a wise choose to learn OOP? The thing is I am more towards web development then just general programming, and I know Python is just a general purpose language, but there is Django. *2*So how should I go about learning Python if I am lending towards web development? Is there any good books/websites that help me learn Python for web development? 3. Is there any free webhosting companies that allow Python? I never used Python before, only PHP, and not sure how it works? Can I run Python on a localhost?

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