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  • Basic Custom String Class for C++

    - by wdow88
    Hey all, I'm working on building my own string class with very basic functionality. I am having difficulty understand what is going on with the basic class that I have define, and believe there is some sort of error dealing with the scope occurring. When I try to view the objects I created, all the fields are described as (obviously bad pointer). Also, if I make the data fields public or build an accessor method, the program crashes. For some reason the pointer for the object is 0xccccccccc which points to no where. How can a I fix this? Any help/comments are much appreciated. //This is a custom string class, so far the only functions are //constructing and appending #include<iostream> using namespace std; class MyString1 { public: MyString1() { //no arg constructor char *string; string = new char[0]; string[0] ='\0'; std::cout << string; size = 1; } //constructor receives pointer to character array MyString1(char* chars) { int index = 0; //Determine the length of the array while (chars[index] != NULL) index++; //Allocate dynamic memory on the heap char *string; string = new char[index+1]; //Copy the contents of the array pointed by chars into string, the char array of the object for (int ii = 0; ii < index; ii++) string[ii] = chars[ii]; string[index+1] = '\0'; size = index+1; } MyString1 append(MyString1 s) { //determine new size of the appended array and allocate memory int newsize = s.size + size; MyString1 MyString2; char *newstring; newstring = new char[newsize+1]; int index = 0; //load the first string into the array while (string[index] != NULL) { newstring[index] = string[index]; index++; } //load the second string while (s.string[index] != NULL) { newstring[index] = s.string[index]; index++; } //null terminate newstring[newsize+1] = '\0'; delete string; //generate the object for return MyString2.string=newstring; MyString2.size=newsize; return MyString2; } private: char *string; int size; }; int main() { MyString1 string1; MyString1 string2("Hello There"); MyString1 string3("Buddy"); string2.append(string3); return 0; }

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  • Getting instance crashes on IntelliJ IDEA with scala plugin.

    - by egervari
    I am building a scala web project using scala test, lift, jpa, hibernate, mercurial plugin, etc. I am getting instant crashes, where the ide just bombs, the window shuts down, and it gives no error messages whatsoever when I am doing any amount of copy/pasting of code. This started happening once my project got to about 100 unit tests. This problem is incredibly annoying, because when the crash happens, 30-60 seconds of activity is not saved. Even IDEA will forget which files were last opened and will forget where the cursor was, which makes it really hard to continue where you left off after the crash. A lot can happen in 60 seconds! Now, I've given up, because it seems like all sorts of things cause the IntelliJ IDEA to crash over and over. For example, if I were to copy and paste this code, to write a similar test for another collection type, it would crash shortly after: it should "cascade save and delete status messages" in { val statusMessage = new StatusMessage("message") var user = userDao.find(1).get user.addToStatusMessages(statusMessage) userDao.save(user) statusMessage.isPersistent should be (true) userDao.delete(user) statusMessageDao.find(statusMessage.id) should equal (None) } There is nothing special about this piece of code. It's code that is working just fine. However, IDEA bombs shortly after I paste something like this. For example, I might change StatusMessage to the new class I want to test cascading on... and then have to import that class into the test... and BOOM... it crashed. On windows 7, the IDEA window literally just minimizes and crashes with no warning. The next time I startup IDEA, it has no memory of what happened. Now, I've had this problem before. I posted it way back on IDEA's YouTrack. I was told to invalidate my caches. That never fixed it then, and it's not fixing it now. Please help. This error is fairly random, but it's happening constantly now. I could program for hours and not see it before... and the fact that my work just gets destroyed and I can't remember what I did during the last minute causes me to swear at my monitor at a db level higher than my stereo can go.

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  • Change the size of the panel dynamically

    - by C. Karunarathne
    Hi! I am implementing an application that needs to drag and drop image boxes in a panel.Image boxes are added dynamically from the program and so I have set the autoscroll property to true in panel.But when I have drag out the boxes at bottom in the panel the panel size got reduced.I have put autosize property false in panel.The panel is docked in another panel.I want to set the size of panel at run time.How can I achieve this. public form1(int[,] dummy, int columnSize, int rowSize) { this.dummy= dummy; numOfColumns = columnSize; numOfRows = rowSize; getData(); addIds = addIdArray; data = mylist; InitializeComponent(); //panel1.MinimumSize = new Size(columnSize * 40, rowSize * 40); //panel1.Height = rowSize * 40; //panel1.Width = columnSize * 40; //panel4.Height = rowSize * 40; //panel4.Width = columnSize * 40; int x, y; Structures.EmptyRectSpace space = new Structures.EmptyRectSpace(); for (int i = 0; i < data.Count; i++)// set picture boxes { space = (Structures.EmptyRectSpace)data[i]; x = space.startingJ; y = space.startingI; int h, w; h = space.length; w = space.width; p = new PictureBox(); p.Width = w * 40; p.Height = h * 40; p.BackColor = Color.DarkGreen; p.Image = Properties.Resources.v; p.BorderStyle = BorderStyle.FixedSingle; p.Name = addIdArray[i].ToString(); p.Location = new Point((x + 1 - w) * 40, (y + 1 - h) * 40); this.panel1.Controls.Add(p); } foreach (Control c in this.panel1.Controls) { if (c is PictureBox) { c.MouseDown += new MouseEventHandler(pictureBox1_MouseDown); } } this.panel1.DragOver += new System.Windows.Forms.DragEventHandler(this.panel1_DragOver); panel1.DragOver += new DragEventHandler(panel1_DragOver); panel1.DragDrop += new DragEventHandler(panel1_DragDrop); panel1.AllowDrop = true; panel2.AllowDrop = true; foreach (Control c in this.panel2.Controls) { c.MouseDown += new MouseEventHandler(pictureBox1_MouseDown); } this.panel2.DragOver += new System.Windows.Forms.DragEventHandler(this.panel2_DragOver); panel2.DragOver += new DragEventHandler(panel2_DragOver); panel2.DragDrop += new DragEventHandler(panel2_DragDrop); } This is the constructor of the form that contained panel.When it loaded the picture boxes must be added to the panel and there drag drop events of panel are implemented. Please give me a helping hand..

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  • bad file descriptor with close() socket (c++)

    - by user321246
    hi everybody! I'm running out of file descriptors when my program can't connect another host. The close() system call doesn't work, the number of open sockets increases. I can se it with cat /proc/sys/fs/file-nr Print from console: connect: No route to host close: Bad file descriptor connect: No route to host close: Bad file descriptor .. Code: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <string.h> #include <iostream> using namespace std; #define PORT 1238 #define MESSAGE "Yow!!! Are we having fun yet?!?" #define SERVERHOST "192.168.9.101" void write_to_server (int filedes) { int nbytes; nbytes = write (filedes, MESSAGE, strlen (MESSAGE) + 1); if (nbytes < 0) { perror ("write"); } } void init_sockaddr (struct sockaddr_in *name, const char *hostname, uint16_t port) { struct hostent *hostinfo; name->sin_family = AF_INET; name->sin_port = htons (port); hostinfo = gethostbyname (hostname); if (hostinfo == NULL) { fprintf (stderr, "Unknown host %s.\n", hostname); } name->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *) hostinfo->h_addr; } int main() { for (;;) { sleep(1); int sock; struct sockaddr_in servername; /* Create the socket. */ sock = socket (PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (sock < 0) { perror ("socket (client)"); } /* Connect to the server. */ init_sockaddr (&servername, SERVERHOST, PORT); if (0 > connect (sock, (struct sockaddr *) &servername, sizeof (servername))) { perror ("connect"); sock = -1; } /* Send data to the server. */ if (sock > -1) write_to_server (sock); if (close (sock) != 0) perror("close"); } return 0; }

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  • StringBuffer wont read whole stream into a string (JAVA/Android)

    - by Levara
    Hi all! I'm making an android program that retrieves content of a webpage using HttpURLConnection. I'm new to both Java and Android. Problem is: Reader reads whole page source, but in the last while iteration it doesn't append to stringBuffer that last part. Using debbuger I have determined that, in the last loop iteration, string buff is created, but stringBuffer just doesnt append it. I need to parse retrieved content. Is there any better way to handle the content for parsing than using strings. I've read on numerous other sites that string size in Java is limited only by available heap size. I've tried with StringBuilder too. Anyone know what could be the problem. Btw feel free to suggest any improvements to the code. Thanks! URL u; try { u = new URL("http://feeds.timesonline.co.uk/c/32313/f/440134/index.rss"); HttpURLConnection c = (HttpURLConnection) u.openConnection(); c.setRequestProperty("User-agent","Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; InfoPath.1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)"); c.setRequestMethod("GET"); c.setDoOutput(true); c.setReadTimeout(3000); c.connect(); StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer(""); InputStream in = c.getInputStream(); InputStreamReader inp = new InputStreamReader(in); BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(inp); char[] buffer = new char[3072]; int len1 = 0; while ( (len1 = reader.read(buffer)) != -1 ) { String buff = new String(buffer,0,len1); stringBuffer.append(buff); } String stranica = new String(stringBuffer); c.disconnect(); reader.close(); inp.close(); in.close();

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  • GLKit Memory Leak copywithZone

    - by TommyT39
    Running the instruments utility against the game I'm writing shows a bunch of memory leaks related to copy with Zone when I cycle through an array and draw some simple cube objects. Im not sure the best way to track this down as I'm new to OpenGL programming. My program is using ARC and is set to build for IOS 5. I am initializing GLKit to use OPenGl 2.0 and using the BafeEffect so I don't have to write my own shaders etc.. This shouldn't be rocket science. Im guessing that I must be not releasing something within the draw function. Below is the code to my draw function. Could you guys take a look and see if anything stands out as the problem? One other thing to note is that I'm using 15 different textures, the cubes can be 1 of 15 different ones. I have a property set on the cube class for the texture and I set it as I create the cube in there array. But I do load all 15 when my programs view did load starts.They are small .jps files that are less than 75k each and each cube uses the same texture all the way around so shouldn't be too big of an issue. Here is the code to my draw function: - (void)draw { GLKMatrix4 xRotationMatrix = GLKMatrix4MakeXRotation(rotation.x); GLKMatrix4 yRotationMatrix = GLKMatrix4MakeYRotation(rotation.y); GLKMatrix4 zRotationMatrix = GLKMatrix4MakeZRotation(rotation.z); GLKMatrix4 scaleMatrix = GLKMatrix4MakeScale(scale.x, scale.y, scale.z); GLKMatrix4 translateMatrix = GLKMatrix4MakeTranslation(position.x, position.y, position.z); GLKMatrix4 modelMatrix = GLKMatrix4Multiply(translateMatrix,GLKMatrix4Multiply(scaleMatrix,GLKMatrix4Multiply(zRotationMatrix, GLKMatrix4Multiply(yRotationMatrix, xRotationMatrix)))); GLKMatrix4 viewMatrix = GLKMatrix4MakeLookAt(0, 0, 1, 0, 0, -5, 0, 1, 0); effect.transform.modelviewMatrix = GLKMatrix4Multiply(viewMatrix, modelMatrix); effect.transform.projectionMatrix = GLKMatrix4MakePerspective(0.125*M_TAU, 1.0, 2, 0); effect.texture2d0.name = wallTexture.name; [effect prepareToDraw]; glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE); glEnableVertexAttribArray(GLKVertexAttribPosition); glVertexAttribPointer(GLKVertexAttribPosition, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, triangleVertices); glEnableVertexAttribArray(GLKVertexAttribTexCoord0); glVertexAttribPointer(GLKVertexAttribTexCoord0, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, textureCoordinates); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 18); glDisableVertexAttribArray(GLKVertexAttribPosition); glDisableVertexAttribArray(GLKVertexAttribTexCoord0); }

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  • Joda Time cannot subtract one hour

    - by Leoa
    In my android program, I have a spinner that allows the user to select different times. Each selection is processed with Joda time to subtract the minutes. It works fine for minutes 0 to 59 and 61 and greater. However, when 60 minutes is subtracted, the time is not updated, and the original time is shown. How do I get Joda time to subtract 60 minutes? Spinner: public class MyOnItemSelectedListener implements OnItemSelectedListener { public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int pos, long id1) { String mins = parent.getItemAtPosition(pos).toString(); int intmins=0; // process user's selection of alert time if(mins.equals("5 minutes")){intmins = 5;} if(mins.equals("10 minutes")){intmins = 10;} if(mins.equals("20 minutes")){intmins = 20;} if(mins.equals("30 minutes")){intmins = 30;} if(mins.equals("40 minutes")){intmins = 40;} if(mins.equals("50 minutes")){intmins = 50;} if(mins.equals("60 minutes")){intmins = 60;} if(mins.equals("120 minutes")){intmins = 120;} String stringMinutes=""+intmins; setAlarm(intmins, stringMinutes); } else { } public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView parent) { mLocationDisplay.setText(" " + location); } } public void setAlarm(int intmins, String mins) { // based alarm time on start time of event. TODO get info from database. String currentDate; SimpleDateFormat myFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("MM/dd/yyyy HH:mm:ss"); Date date1 = null; DateTime dt; currentDate = eventdate + " " + startTimeMilitary;// startTimeMilitary; try { date1 = myFormat.parse(currentDate); } catch (ParseException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } dt = new DateTime(date1); long dateInMillis = dt.getMillis(); String sDateInMillis = Long.toString(dateInMillis); // subtract the selected time from the event's start time String newAlertTime = subtractTime(dt, intmins); newAlertTime = subtractTime(dt, intmins); //......}

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  • Displaying a notification when bluetooth is disconnected - Android

    - by Ryan T
    I am trying to create a program that will display a notification to the user if a Blue tooth device suddenly comes out of range from my Android device. I currently have the following code but no notification is displayed. I was wondering if it was possible I shouldn't use ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECTED because I believe the bluetooth stack would be expecting packets that state a disconnect is requested. My requirements state that the bluetooth device will disconnect without warning. Thank you for any assistance! BluetoothNotification.java: //This is where the notification is created. import android.app.Activity; import android.app.Notification; import android.app.NotificationManager; import android.app.PendingIntent; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.app.Activity; import android.app.Notification; import android.app.NotificationManager; import android.app.PendingIntent; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; public class BluetoothNotification extends Activity { public static final int NOTIFICATION_ID = 1; /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); /** Define configuration for our notification */ int icon = R.drawable.logo; CharSequence tickerText = "This is a sample notification"; long when = System.currentTimeMillis(); Context context = getApplicationContext(); CharSequence contentTitle = "Sample notification"; CharSequence contentText = "This notification has been generated as a result of BT Disconnecting"; Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(this, BluetoothNotification.class); PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, notificationIntent, 0); /** Initialize the Notification using the above configuration */ final Notification notification = new Notification(icon, tickerText, when); notification.setLatestEventInfo(context, contentTitle, contentText, contentIntent); /** Retrieve reference from NotificationManager */ String ns = Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE; final NotificationManager mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(ns); mNotificationManager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification); finish(); } } Snippet from OnCreate: //Located in Controls.java IntentFilter filter1 = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECTED); this.registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter1); Snippet from Controls.java: private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { String action = intent.getAction(); BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE); if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_ACL_DISCONNECTED.equals(action)) { //Device has disconnected NotificationManager nm = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE); } } };

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  • printf anomaly after "fork()"

    - by pechenie
    OS: Linux, Language: pure C I'm moving forward in learning C progpramming in general, and C programming under UNIX in a special case :D So, I detected a strange (as for me) behaviour of the printf() function after using a fork() call. Let's take a look at simple test program: #include <stdio.h> #include <system.h> int main() { int pid; printf( "Hello, my pid is %d", getpid() ); pid = fork(); if( pid == 0 ) { printf( "\nI was forked! :D" ); sleep( 3 ); } else { waitpid( pid, NULL, 0 ); printf( "\n%d was forked!", pid ); } return 0; } In this case the output looks like: Hello, my pid is 1111 I was forked! :DHello, my pid is 1111 2222 was forked! Why the second "Hello" string occured in the child's output? Yes, it is exactly what the parent printed on it's start, with the parent's pid. But! If we place '\n' character in the end of each string we got the expected output: #include <stdio.h> #include <system.h> int main() { int pid; printf( "Hello, my pid is %d\n", getpid() ); // SIC!! pid = fork(); if( pid == 0 ) { printf( "I was forked! :D" ); //removed the '\n', no matter sleep( 3 ); } else { waitpid( pid, NULL, 0 ); printf( "\n%d was forked!", pid ); } return 0; } And the output looks like: Hello, my pid is 1111 I was forked! :D 2222 was forked! Why does it happen? Is it ... ummm ... correct behaviour? Or it's a kind of the 'bug'?

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  • HTTP Post requests using HttpClient take 2 seconds, why?

    - by pableu
    Update: You might better hold off this for a bit, I just noticed I could be my fault after all. Working on this all afternoon, and then I find a flaw ten minutes after posting here, ts. Hi, I'am currently coding an android app that submits stuff in the background using HTTP Post and AsyncTask. I use the org.apache.http.client Package for this. I based my code on this example. Basically, my code looks like this: public void postData() { // Create a new HttpClient and Post Header HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(); HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://192.168.1.137:8880/form"); try { List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(2); nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("id", "12345")); nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("stringdata", "AndDev is Cool!")); httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs)); // Execute HTTP Post Request HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { Log.e(TAG,e.toString()); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG,e.toString()); } } The problem is that the httpclient.execute(..) line takes around 1.5 to 3 seconds, and I do not understand why. Just requesting a page with HTTP Get takes around 80 ms or so, so the problem doesn't seem to be the network latency itself. The problem doesn't seem to be on the server side either, I have also tried POSTing data to http://www.disney.com/ with similarly slow results. And Firebug shows 1 ms response time when POSTing data to my server locally. This happens on the Emulator and with my Nexus One (both with Android 2.2). If you want to look at the complete code, I've put it on GitHub. It's just a dummy program to do HTTP Post in the background using AsyncTask on the push of a button. It's my first Android app, and my first java code for a long time. And incidentially, also my first question on Stackoverflow ;-) Any ideas why httpclient.execute(httppost) takes so long?

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  • How to obtain the first cluster of the directory's data in FAT using C# (or at least C++) and Win32A

    - by DarkWalker
    So I have a FAT drive, lets say H: and a directory 'work' (full path 'H:\work'). I need to get the NUMBER of the first cluster of that directory. The number of the first cluster is 2-bytes value, that is stored in the 26th and 27th bytes of the folder enty (wich is 32 bytes). Lets say I am doing it with file, NOT a directory. I can use code like this: static public string GetDirectoryPtr(string dir) { IntPtr ptr = CreateFile(@"H:\Work\dover.docx", GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, IntPtr.Zero, OPEN_EXISTING, 0,//FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, IntPtr.Zero); try { const uint bytesToRead = 2; byte[] readbuffer = new byte[bytesToRead]; if (ptr.ToInt32() == -1) return String.Format("Error: cannot open direcotory {0}", dir); if (SetFilePointer(ptr, 26, 0, 0) == -1) return String.Format("Error: unable to set file pointer on file {0}", ptr); uint read = 0; // real count of read bytes if (!ReadFile(ptr, readbuffer, bytesToRead, out read, 0)) return String.Format("cant read from file {0}. Error #{1}", ptr, Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()); int result = readbuffer[0] + 16 * 16 * readbuffer[1]; return result.ToString();//ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetString(readbuffer); } finally { CloseHandle(ptr); } } And it will return some number, like 19 (quite real to me, this is the only file on the disk). But I DONT need a file, I need a folder. So I am puttin FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS param for CreateFile call... and dont know what to do next =) msdn is very clear on this issue http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa365258(v=VS.85).aspx It sounds to me like: "There is no way you can get a number of the folder's first cluster". The most desperate thing is that my tutor said smth like "You are going to obtain this or you wont pass this course". The true reason why he is so sure this is possible is because for 10 years (or may be more) he recieved the folder's first cluster number as a HASH of the folder's addres (and I was stupid enough to point this to him, so now I cant do it the same way) PS: This is the most spupid task I have ever had!!! This value is not really used anythere in program, it is only fcking pointless integer.

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  • Pointers to class fields

    - by newbie_cpp
    My task is as follows : Using pointers to class fields, create menu allowing selection of ice, that Person can buy in Ice shop. Buyer will be charged with waffel and ice costs. Selection of ice and charging buyers account must be shown in program. Here's my Person class : #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Iceshop { const double waffel_price = 1; public: } class Person { static int NUMBER; char* name; int age; const int number; double plus, minus; public: class Account { int number; double resources; public: Account(int number, double resources) : number(number), resources(resources) {} } Person(const char* n, int age) : name(strcpy(new char[strlen(n)+1],n)), number(++NUMBER), plus(0), minus(0), age(age) {} Person::~Person(){ cout << "Destroying resources" << endl; delete [] name; } friend void show(Person &p); int* take_age(){ return &age; } char* take_name(){ return name; } void init(char* n, int a) { name = n; age = a; } Person& remittance(double d) { plus += d; return *this; } Person& paycheck(double d) { minus += d; return *this; } Account* getAccount(); }; int Person:: Person::Account* Person::getAccount() { return new Account(number, plus - minus); } void Person::Account::remittance(double d){ resources = resources + d; } void Person::Account::paycheck(double d){ resources = resources - d; } void show(Person *p){ cout << "Name: " << p->take_name() << "," << "age: " << p->take_age() << endl; } int main(void) { Person *p = new Person; p->init("Mary", 25); show(p); p->remittance(100); system("PAUSE"); return 0; } How to start this task ? Where and in what form should I store menu options ?

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  • LINQ Except operator and object equality

    - by Abhijeet Patel
    Here is an interesting issue I noticed when using the Except Operator: I have list of users from which I want to exclude some users: The list of users is coming from an XML file: The code goes like this: interface IUser { int ID { get; set; } string Name { get; set; } } class User: IUser { #region IUser Members public int ID { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } #endregion public override string ToString() { return ID + ":" +Name; } public static IEnumerable<IUser> GetMatchingUsers(IEnumerable<IUser> users) { IEnumerable<IUser> localList = new List<User> { new User{ ID=4, Name="James"}, new User{ ID=5, Name="Tom"} }.OfType<IUser>(); var matches = from u in users join lu in localList on u.ID equals lu.ID select u; return matches; } } class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { XDocument doc = XDocument.Load("Users.xml"); IEnumerable<IUser> users = doc.Element("Users").Elements("User").Select (u => new User { ID = (int)u.Attribute("id"), Name = (string)u.Attribute("name") } ).OfType<IUser>(); //still a query, objects have not been materialized var matches = User.GetMatchingUsers(users); var excludes = users.Except(matches); // excludes should contain 6 users but here it contains 8 users } } When I call User.GetMatchingUsers(users) I get 2 matches as expected. The issue is that when I call users.Except(matches) The matching users are not being excluded at all! I am expecting 6 users ut "excludes" contains all 8 users instead. Since all I'm doing in GetMatchingUsers(IEnumerable users) is taking the IEnumerable and just returning the IUsers whose ID's match( 2 IUsers in this case), my understanding is that by default "Except" will use reference equality for comparing the objects to be excluded. Is this not how "Except" behaves? What is even more interesting is that if I materialize the objects using .ToList() and then get the matching users, and call "Except", everything works as expected! Like so: IEnumerable users = doc.Element("Users").Elements("User").Select (u = new User { ID = (int)u.Attribute("id"), Name = (string)u.Attribute("name") } ).OfType().ToList(); //explicity materializing all objects by calling ToList() var matches = User.GetMatchingUsers(users); var excludes = users.Except(matches); // excludes now contains 6 users as expected I don't see why I should need to materialize objects for calling "Except" given that its defined on IEnumerable? Any suggesstions / insights would be much appreciated.

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  • Deserialization error in a new environment

    - by cerhart
    I have a web application that calls a third-party web service. When I run it locally, I have no problems, but when I move it to my production environment, I get the following error: There is an error in XML document (2, 428). Stack: at System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer.Deserialize(XmlReader xmlReader, String encodingStyle, XmlDeserializationEvents events) at System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer.Deserialize(XmlReader xmlReader, String encodingStyle) at System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapHttpClientProtocol.ReadResponse(SoapClientMessage message, WebResponse response, Stream responseStream, Boolean asyncCall) at System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapHttpClientProtocol.Invoke(String methodName, Object[] parameters) at RMXClasses.RMXContactService.ContactService.getActiveSessions(String user, String pass) in C:\Users\hp\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\ReklamStore\RMXClasses\Web References\RMXContactService\Reference.cs:line 257 at I have used the same web config file from the production environment but it still works locally. My local machine is a running vista home edition and the production environment is windows server 2003. The application is written in asp.net 3.5, wierdly under the asp.net config tab in iis, 3.5 doesn't show up in the drop down list, although that version of the framework is installed. The error is not being thrown in my code, it happens during serialization. I called the method on the proxy, I have checked the arguments and they are OK. I have also logged the SOAP request and response, and they both look OK as well. I am really at a loss here. Any ideas? SOAP log: This is the soap response that the program seems to have trouble parsing only on server 2003. On my machine the soap is identical, and yet it parses with no problems. SoapResponse BeforeDeserialize; <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:ns1="urn:ContactService" xmlns:ns2="http://api.yieldmanager.com/types" xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"><SOAP-ENV:Body><ns1:getActiveSessionsResponse> <sessions SOAP-ENC:arrayType="ns2:session[1]" xsi:type="ns2:array_of_session"> <item xsi:type="ns2:session"> <token xsi:type="xsd:string">xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx1ae12517584b</token> <creation_time xsi:type="xsd:dateTime">2009-09-25T05:51:19Z</creation_time> <modification_time xsi:type="xsd:dateTime">2009-09-25T05:51:19Z</modification_time> <ip_address xsi:type="xsd:string">xxxxxxxxxx</ip_address> <contact_id xsi:type="xsd:long">xxxxxx</contact_id></item></sessions> </ns1:getActiveSessionsResponse></SOAP-ENV:Body></SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

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  • Hide/Show problems on a questionerre application

    - by T. Todd
    I am doing an assignment involving the creation of a simple Quiz type form application. However, whenever I run the program, only the first answer shows for a multiple question and I cannot for the life of me figure out why. This is the contstructor: MultipleChoice dlg = new MultipleChoice( new Question("What is the capital of Zimbabwe?", new Answer("Paris", false), new Answer("Washington D.C.", false), new Answer("Harare", true), new Answer("Cairo", false), new Answer("N'Djamena", false))); if (dlg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) { if (dlg.Correct) MessageBox.Show("You got something right!"); else MessageBox.Show("You couldn't be more wrong"); } And this is the Question Form Code: private Question Q; public MultipleChoice (Question q) { Q = q; InitializeComponent(); textPrompt.Text = Q.Prompt; if (Q.A != null) { radioA.Text = Q.A.Prompt; } else radioA.Hide(); if (Q.B != null) { radioB.Text = Q.B.Prompt; } radioB.Hide(); if (Q.C != null) { radioC.Text = Q.C.Prompt; } radioC.Hide(); if (Q.D != null) { radioD.Text = Q.D.Prompt; } radioD.Hide(); if (Q.E != null) { radioE.Text = Q.E.Prompt; } radioE.Hide(); } public bool Correct { get { if (Q == null) return false; if (Q.A != null && Q.A.Correct && radioA.Checked) return true; if (Q.B != null && Q.B.Correct && radioB.Checked) return true; if (Q.C != null && Q.C.Correct && radioC.Checked) return true; if (Q.D != null && Q.D.Correct && radioD.Checked) return true; if (Q.E != null && Q.E.Correct && radioE.Checked) return true; return false; } Where have I gone wrong? Thank you, Travis

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  • Using events in threads between processes - C

    - by Jamie Keeling
    Hello all! I have an application consisting of two windows, one communicates to the other and sends it a struct constaining two integers (In this case two rolls of a dice). I will be using events for the following circumstances: Process a sends data to process b, process b displays data Process a closes, in turn closing process b Process b closes a, in turn closing process a I have noticed that if the second process is constantly waiting for the first process to send data then the program will be just sat waiting, which is where the idea of implementing threads on each process occurred and I have started to implement this already. The problem i'm having is that I don't exactly have a lot of experience with threads and events so I'm not sure of the best way to actually implement what I want to do. Following is a small snippet of what I have so far in the producer application; Create thread: case IDM_FILE_ROLLDICE: { hDiceRoll = CreateThread( NULL, // lpThreadAttributes (default) 0, // dwStackSize (default) ThreadFunc(hMainWindow), // lpStartAddress NULL, // lpParameter 0, // dwCreationFlags &hDiceID // lpThreadId (returned by function) ); } break; The data being sent to the other process: DWORD WINAPI ThreadFunc(LPVOID passedHandle) { HANDLE hMainHandle = *((HANDLE*)passedHandle); WCHAR buffer[256]; LPCTSTR pBuf; LPVOID lpMsgBuf; LPVOID lpDisplayBuf; struct diceData storage; HANDLE hMapFile; DWORD dw; //Roll dice and store results in variable storage = RollDice(); hMapFile = CreateFileMapping( (HANDLE)0xFFFFFFFF, // use paging file NULL, // default security PAGE_READWRITE, // read/write access 0, // maximum object size (high-order DWORD) BUF_SIZE, // maximum object size (low-order DWORD) szName); // name of mapping object if (hMapFile == NULL) { dw = GetLastError(); MessageBox(hMainHandle,L"Could not create file mapping object",L"Error",MB_OK); return 1; } pBuf = (LPTSTR) MapViewOfFile(hMapFile, // handle to map object FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, // read/write permission 0, 0, BUF_SIZE); if (pBuf == NULL) { MessageBox(hMainHandle,L"Could not map view of file",L"Error",MB_OK); CloseHandle(hMapFile); return 1; } CopyMemory((PVOID)pBuf, &storage, (_tcslen(szMsg) * sizeof(TCHAR))); //_getch(); MessageBox(hMainHandle,L"Completed!",L"Success",MB_OK); UnmapViewOfFile(pBuf); return 0; } I'm trying to find out how I would integrate an event with the threaded code to signify to the other process that something has happened, I've seen an MSDN article on using events but it's just confused me if anything, I'm coming up on empty whilst searching on the internet too. Thanks for any help Edit: I can only use the Create/Set/Open methods for events, sorry for not mentioning it earlier.

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  • How to handle environment-specific application configuration organization-wide?

    - by Stuart Lange
    Problem Your organization has many separate applications, some of which interact with each other (to form "systems"). You need to deploy these applications to separate environments to facilitate staged testing (for example, DEV, QA, UAT, PROD). A given application needs to be configured slightly differently in each environment (each environment has a separate database, for example). You want this re-configuration to be handled by some sort of automated mechanism so that your release managers don't have to manually configure each application every time it is deployed to a different environment. Desired Features I would like to design an organization-wide configuration solution with the following properties (ideally): Supports "one click" deployments (only the environment needs to be specified, and no manual re-configuration during/after deployment should be necessary). There should be a single "system of record" where a shared environment-dependent property is specified (such as a database connection string that is shared by many applications). Supports re-configuration of deployed applications (in the event that an environment-specific property needs to change), ideally without requiring a re-deployment of the application. Allows an application to be run on the same machine, but in different environments (run a PROD instance and a DEV instance simultaneously). Possible Solutions I see two basic directions in which a solution could go: Make all applications "environment aware". You would pass the environment name (DEV, QA, etc) at the command line to the app, and then the app is "smart" enough to figure out the environment-specific configuration values at run-time. The app could fetch the values from flat files deployed along with the app, or from a central configuration service. Applications are not "smart" as they are in #1, and simply fetch configuration by property name from config files deployed with the app. The values of these properties are injected into the config files at deploy-time by the install program/script. That install script takes the environment name and fetches all relevant configuration values from a central configuration service. Question How would/have you achieved a configuration solution that solves these problems and supports these desired features? Am I on target with the two possible solutions? Do you have a preference between those solutions? Also, please feel free to tell me that I'm thinking about the problem all wrong. Any feedback would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Correct usage of socket_select().

    - by Mark Tomlin
    What is the correct way to use socket_select within PHP to send and receive data? I have a connection to the server that allows for both TCP & UDP packet connections, I am utilizing both. Within these connections I'm both sending and receiving packets on the same port, but the TCP packet will be sent on one port (29999) and UDP will be sent on another port (30000). The transmission type will be that of AF_INET. The IP address will be loopback 127.0.0.1. I have many questions on how to create a socket connection within this scenario. For example, is it better to use socket_create_pair to make the connection, or use just socket_create followed by socket_connect, and then implement socket_select? There is a chance that no data will be sent from the server to the client, and it is up to the client to maintain the connection. This will be done by utilizing the time out function within the socket_select call. Should no data be sent within the time limit, the socket_select function will break and a keep alive packet can then be sent. The following script is of the client. // Create $TCP = socket_create(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, SOL_TCP); $UDP = socket_create(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, SOL_UDP); // Misc $isAlive = TRUE; $UDPPort = 30000; define('ISP_ISI', 1); // Connect socket_connect($TCP, '127.0.0.1', 29999); socket_connect($UDP, '127.0.0.1', $UDPPort); // Construct Parameters $recv = array($TCP, $UDP); $null = NULL; // Make The Packet to Send. $packet = pack('CCCxSSxCSa16a16', 44, ISP_ISI, 1, $UDPPort, 0, '!', 0, 'AdminPass', 'SocketSelect'); // Send ISI (InSim Init) Packet socket_write($TCP, $packet); /* Main Program Loop */ while ($isAlive == TRUE) { // Socket Select $sock = socket_select($recv, $null, $null, 5); // Check Status if ($sock === FALSE) $isAlive = FALSE; # Error else if ($sock > 0) # How does one check to find what socket changed? else # Something else happed, don't know what as it's not in the documentation, Could this be our timeout getting tripped? }

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  • Execute a jar file using Ant

    - by geetha
    I am trying to create a runnable jar file from java classes using ant. The java classes use external jars. When I execute the build.xml its showing class not found exception while running the java program. Its compiling fine. Part of My source code: <path id="project-libpath"> <fileset dir="${lib.dir}"> <include name="*.jar"/> </fileset> </path> <path id="project-classpath"> <fileset dir="C:/xmldecode/lib"> <include name="*.jar"/> </fileset> </path> <target name="compile" depends="prepare"> <javac srcdir="${src.dir}" destdir="${classes.dir}"> <classpath refid="project-classpath"/> </javac> </target> <target name="jar" depends="compile"> <copy todir="${classes.dir}"> <fileset dir="C:/xmldecode/lib"/> </copy> <pathconvert property="mf.classpath" pathsep=";"> <path refid="project-classpath" /> <flattenmapper /> </pathconvert> <jar destfile="${jar.dir}/${ant.project.name}.jar" basedir="${classes.dir}"> <manifest> <attribute name="Main-Class" value="${main-class}"/> <attribute name="Class-Path" value="${mf.classpath}"/> </manifest> </jar> </target> <target name="run" depends="jar"> <java jar="${jar.dir}/${ant.project.name}.jar" fork="true"> </java>

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  • howto parse struct to C++ dll from C#

    - by Nerds Rule
    I am trying to call a function in a unmanaged C++ dll. It has this prototype: [DllImport("C:\\Program Files\\MySDK\\VSeries.dll", EntryPoint = "BII_Send_Index_Template_MT" )] internal unsafe static extern Int32 BII_Send_Index_Template_MT(IntPtr pUnitHandle, ref BII_Template template, Int32 option, Boolean async); BII_Template template = new BII_Template(); error_code = BII_Send_Index_Template_MT(pUnitHandle, ref template, option, false); I is how I define the BII_Template struct in C#: public unsafe struct BII_Template { public ulong id; public ulong employee_id; public ulong password; public byte sensor_version; public byte template_version; public fixed char name[16]; public byte finger; public byte admin_level; public byte schedule; public byte security_thresh; public fixed byte noise_level[18]; public byte corramb; public byte reference_x; public byte reference_y; public fixed byte ihcore[3]; public fixed byte ivcore[3]; public byte temp_xoffset; public byte temp_yoffset; public byte index; public fixed byte inphase[5500]; }; It build and when I run it the dll return error_code = "The record checksum is invalid." I assume that I am using the ref keyword in a wrong way or the size of some of the elements in the struct is wrong. ----- EDIT ------------ Here is the struct in C++: typedef struct { unsigned long id; unsigned long employee_id; unsigned long password; unsigned char sensor_version; unsigned char template_version; char name[16]; unsigned char finger; unsigned char admin_level; unsigned char schedule; unsigned char security_thresh; unsigned char noise_level[18]; unsigned char corramb ; unsigned char reference_x ; unsigned char reference_y ; unsigned char ihcore[NUM_CORE]; unsigned char ivcore[NUM_CORE]; unsigned char temp_xoffset; unsigned char temp_yoffset; unsigned char index; unsigned char inphase[PACKED_ARRAY_SIZE]; } BII_Template;

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  • Specializating a template function that takes a universal reference parameter

    - by David Stone
    How do I specialize a template function that takes a universal reference parameter? foo.hpp: template<typename T> void foo(T && t) // universal reference parameter foo.cpp template<> void foo<Class>(Class && class) { // do something complicated } Here, Class is no longer a deduced type and thus is Class exactly; it cannot possibly be Class &, so reference collapsing rules will not help me here. I could perhaps create another specialization that takes a Class & parameter (I'm not sure), but that implies duplicating all of the code contained within foo for every possible combination of rvalue / lvalue references for all parameters, which is what universal references are supposed to avoid. Is there some way to accomplish this? To be more specific about my problem in case there is a better way to solve it: I have a program that can connect to multiple game servers, and each server, for the most part, calls everything by the same name. However, they have slightly different versions for a few things. There are a few different categories that these things can be: a move, an item, etc. I have written a generic sort of "move string to move enum" set of functions for internal code to call, and my server interface code has similar functions. However, some servers have their own internal ID that they communicate with, some use strings, and some use both in different situations. Now what I want to do is make this a little more generic. I want to be able to call something like ServerNamespace::server_cast<Destination>(source). This would allow me to cast from a Move to a std::string or ServerMoveID. Internally, I may need to make a copy (or move from) because some servers require that I keep a history of messages sent. Universal references seem to be the obvious solution to this problem. The header file I'm thinking of right now would expose simply this: namespace ServerNamespace { template<typename Destination, typename Source> Destination server_cast(Source && source); } And the implementation file would define all legal conversions as template specializations.

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  • C++ snippet support in visual studio?

    - by Jeremy Bell
    I'm writing code in native C++ (not C++/CLR). I know that there is no built-in support for C++ with regards to the snippet manager and snipper picker interfaces, however I found a utility called "snippy" which supposedly can generate C++ snippets. Here is a c++ snippet that the program generated: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <CodeSnippets xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/2005/CodeSnippet"> <CodeSnippet Format="1.0.0"> <Header> <Title>MySnippet</Title> <Shortcut>MySnippet</Shortcut> <Description>Just a test snippet</Description> <Author>Me</Author> <SnippetTypes> <SnippetType>Expansion</SnippetType> </SnippetTypes> </Header> <Snippet> <Declarations> <Literal Editable="true"> <ID>literal1</ID> <ToolTip>just a placeholder</ToolTip> <Default> </Default> <Function> </Function> </Literal> </Declarations> <Code Language="cpp"><![CDATA[cout << "$literal1$" << std::endl;]]></Code> </Snippet> </CodeSnippet> </CodeSnippets> If there is support in visual C++, even in a limited capacity, for C++ snippets, how do I add them to my environment, and what are the limitations? All I need is support for basic expansion snippets that I can invoke by typing a shortcut and hitting tab, and which supports basic literals that I can tab through (basically, if it supports the above snippet, I'm good). If this can't be done, are there any free add-ons or extensions to visual studio that support snippets for C++? I'm using both visual studio 2010 and 2008, but I mostly write code in 2010 right now.

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  • SQL Invalid Object Name 'AddressType'

    - by salvationishere
    I am getting the above error in my VS 2008 C# method when I try to invoke the SQL getColumnNames stored procedure from VS. This SP accepts one input parameter, the table name, and works successfully from SSMS. Currently I am selecting the AdventureWorks AddressType table for it to pull the column names from this table. I can see teh AdventureWorks table available in VS from my Server Explorer / Data Connection. And I see both the AddressType table and getColumnNames SP showing in Server Explorer. But I am still getting this error listed above. Here is the C# code snippet I use to execute this: public static DataTable DisplayTableColumns(string tt) { SqlDataReader dr = null; string TableName = tt; string connString = "Data Source=.;AttachDbFilename=\"C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\DATA\AdventureWorks_Data.mdf\";Initial Catalog=AdventureWorks;Integrated Security=True;Connect Timeout=30;User Instance=False"; string errorMsg; SqlConnection conn2 = new SqlConnection(connString); SqlCommand cmd = conn2.CreateCommand(); try { cmd.CommandText = "dbo.getColumnNames"; cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; cmd.Connection = conn2; SqlParameter parm = new SqlParameter("@TableName", SqlDbType.VarChar); parm.Value = TableName; parm.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input; cmd.Parameters.Add(parm); conn2.Open(); dr = cmd.ExecuteReader(); } catch (Exception ex) { errorMsg = ex.Message; } And when I examine the errorMsg it says the following: " at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection)\r\n at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection)\r\n at System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.ThrowExceptionAndWarning(TdsParserStateObject stateObj)\r\n at System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.Run(RunBehavior runBehavior, SqlCommand cmdHandler, SqlDataReader dataStream, BulkCopySimpleResultSet bulkCopyHandler, TdsParserStateObject stateObj)\r\n at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReader.ConsumeMetaData()\r\n at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReader.get_MetaData()\r\n at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.FinishExecuteReader(SqlDataReader ds, RunBehavior runBehavior, String resetOptionsString)\r\n at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteReaderTds(CommandBehavior cmdBehavior, RunBehavior runBehavior, Boolean returnStream, Boolean async)\r\n at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteReader(CommandBehavior cmdBehavior, RunBehavior runBehavior, Boolean returnStream, String method, DbAsyncResult result)\r\n at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteReader(CommandBehavior cmdBehavior, RunBehavior runBehavior, Boolean returnStream, String method)\r\n at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior behavior, String method)\r\n at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.ExecuteReader()\r\n at ADONET_namespace.ADONET_methods.DisplayTableColumns(String tt) in C:\Documents and Settings\Admin\My Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\AddFileToSQL\AddFileToSQL\ADONET methods.cs:line 35" Where line 35 is dr = cmd.ExecuteReader();

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  • JButton Image Ignoring GridBagConstraints

    - by daemor
    I am working on an application and have a screen that needs to have elements (namely some custom JButtons) appear and disappear based on a user selection. However for some reason, when I add these buttons to their pane, the buttton image goes to the top corner, and leaves the text in the center, completely ignoring GridBagConstraints. I am completely stumped on this one as I have done this same exact thing dozens of times earlier in the program without any issues. Here is an image of the problem: The problem is in this method here, and occurs down towards the bottom. public void init(){ contentPane.removeAll(); // Setup jlabels JLabel countyLabel = new JLabel("County"); countyLabel.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 18)); JLabel measureByLabel = new JLabel("Measure By: "); measureByLabel.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 18)); String[] countyChoices = {"Washtenaw", "Oakland", "Livingston"}; // setup components JComboBox<String> countyCombo = new JComboBox<String>(countyChoices); // place baseComponents c.weightx = 0.5; c.weighty = 0.5; c.gridx = 0; c.gridy = 0; c.anchor = GridBagConstraints.NORTH; contentPane.add(countyLabel, c); c.gridx = 2; contentPane.add(countyCombo, c); c.gridy = 1; c.gridx = 0; contentPane.add(trenchButton, c); c.gridx = 2; contentPane.add(bedButton, c); c.gridy = 2; c.gridx = 1; contentPane.add(systemSelection, c); c.gridy = 3; c.gridx = 0; contentPane.add(lengthButton, c); c.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH; c.gridwidth = 4; c.gridy = 4; c.gridx = 0; contentPane.add(choicePane, c); GridBagConstraints con = new GridBagConstraints(); con.weightx = 0.5; con.weighty = 0.5; con.gridx = 0; con.gridy = 0; choicePane.add(lengthButton, c); // revalidate and repaint choicePane.revalidate(); choicePane.repaint(); contentPane.revalidate(); contentPane.repaint(); } I have tried doing this in separate methods, the button looks fine when added to the contentPane, the pane is for sure set to gridbagconstraints as I used the expression JPanel choicePane = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout()) to initialize it.

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  • Initialize a Variable Again.

    - by SoulBeaver
    That may sound a little confusing. Basically, I have a function CCard newCard() { /* Used to store the string variables intermittantly */ std::stringstream ssPIN, ssBN; int picker1, picker2; int pin, bankNum; /* Choose 5 random variables, store them in stream */ for( int loop = 0; loop < 5; ++loop ) { picker1 = rand() % 8 + 1; picker2 = rand() % 8 + 1; ssPIN << picker1; ssBN << picker2; } /* Convert them */ ssPIN >> pin; ssBN >> bankNum; CCard card( pin, bankNum ); return card; } that creates a new CCard variable and returns it to the caller CCard card = newCard(); My teacher advised me that doing this is a violation of OOP principles and has to be put in the class. He told me to use this method as a constructor. Which I did: CCard::CCard() { m_Sperre = false; m_Guthaben = rand() % 1000; /* Work */ /* Convert them */ ssPIN >> m_Geheimzahl; ssBN >> m_Nummer; } All variables with m_ are member variables. However, the constructor works when I initialize the card normally CCard card(); at the start of the program. However, I also have a function, that is supposed to create a new card and return it to the user, this function is now broken. The original command: card = newCard(); isn't available anymore, and card = new CCard(); doesn't work. What other options do I have? I have a feeling using the constructor won't work, and that I probably should just create a class method newCard, but I want to see if it is somehow at all possible to do it the way the teacher wanted. This is creating a lot of headaches for me. I told the teacher that this is a stupid idea and not everything has to be classed in OOP. He has since told me that Java or C# don't allow code outside of classes, which sounds a little incredible. Not sure that you can do this in C++, especially when templated functions exist, or generic algorithms. Is it true that this would be bad code for OOP in C++ if I didn't force it into a class?

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