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  • Trigger ad-hoc activity within a workflow

    - by Chris Taylor
    I am looking to use WF 4 to replace an existing workflow solution we have. One feature that is currently used in the existing workflow engine is the ability to cancel a current activity and loopback to a FlowSwitch type activity. So given the following crude workflow where we start at 'O' and base in the input data the workflow follows the path to 'A2' which is currently blocking on s bookmark waiting for input. ---------A1--\ | \ /\ \ O------- ---->--(A2)-------| ^ \/ / | | | / | | ---------A3--/ | | | |----------------------| However in the meantime some out of band data comes in that means we should cancel 'A2' and return to the FlowSwitch to re-evaluate based on the new data. The question is what is the best way to handle the out of band data that arrived? My initial guess is to have a Parallel activity with one branch waiting for out of band data and the other branch containing the workflow sequence described above. If data came in on the brach waiting for the out of band data, how would I cancel the current activity in the workflow and force it to return to the FlowSwitch. Or of course is there a better way to handle this. I have not actually done any work with the WF4 stuff for WF3 for that matter so I might be missing something obvious here.

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  • Clearly defined Rails routing problem - undefined method for Nil:NilClass

    - by sscirrus
    Guys and girls, I have been working on this problem for a while but still no joy. This is my second question within this general area, because the last question was getting too long and this is now more well-defined. Summary of the Problem: I am loading a page for my customers and I get error: undefined method 'name' for Nil:NilClass My Code #Link on views/users/show.html.erb: <%= link_to "Customer Account", :action => "home", :controller => "customers", :id => @user.user_type_id %> #Regular Route: map.connect 'customers/home/:id', :controller => 'customers', :action => 'home' #Rake Routes, first entry: /customers/home/:id :controller=>:"customers", :action=>"home" #Customers Controller: def home render :layout => 'home' @customer = Customer.find(params[:id]) @user = @current_user_session.user flash[:error] = "Customer not found" and return unless @customer @jobs = @customer.jobs end #views/customers/home.html.erb: <%= @customer.name %> I have absolutely no idea why this seemingly clear sequence of events is resulting in a NilClass. Search the console for Customer.find(2) returns the correct customer. What is this noob missing? Thank you very much.

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  • dealing cards in Clojure

    - by Ralph
    I am trying to write a Spider Solitaire player as an exercise in learning Clojure. I am trying to figure out how to deal the cards. I have created (with the help of stackoverflow), a shuffled sequence of 104 cards from two standard decks. Each card is represented as a (defstruct card :rank :suit :face-up) The tableau for Spider will be represented as follows: (defstruct tableau :stacks :complete) where :stacks is a vector of card vectors, 4 of which contain 5 cards face down and 1 card face up, and 6 of which contain 4 cards face down and 1 card face up, for a total of 54 cards, and :complete is an (initially) empty vector of completed sets of ace-king (represented as, for example, king-hearts, for printing purposes). The remainder of the undealt deck should be saved in a ref (def deck (ref seq)) During the game, a tableau may contain, for example: (struct-map tableau :stacks [[AH 2C KS ...] [6D QH JS ...] ... ] :complete [KC KS]) where "AH" is a card containing {:rank :ace :suit :hearts :face-up false}, etc. How can I write a function to deal the stacks and then save the remainder in the ref?

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  • How to have an iCalendar (RFC 2445) repeat YEARLY with duration

    - by Todd Brooks
    I have been unsuccessful in formulating a RRULE that would allow an event as shown below: Repeats YEARLY, from first Sunday of April to last day of May, occuring on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, until forever. FREQ=YEARLY;BYMONTH=4;BYDAY=SU (gives me the first Sunday of April repeating yearly) and FREQ=YEARLY;BYMONTH=5;BYMONTHDAY=-1 (gives me the last day of May repeating yearly) But I can't figure out how to have the event repeat yearly between those dates for Monday, Wednesday and Friday. Suggestions? Update: Comments don't have enough space to respond to Chris' answer, so I am editing the question with further information. Unfortunately, no. I don't know if it is the DDay.iCal library I'm using, or what, but that doesn't work either. I've found that the date start can't be an ordinal date (first Sunday, etc.)..it has to be a specific date, which makes it difficult for my requirements. Even using multiple RRULE's it doesn't seem to work: BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 PRODID:-//DDay.iCal//NONSGML ddaysoftware.com//EN BEGIN:VEVENT CREATED:20090717T033307Z DTSTAMP:20090717T033307Z DTSTART:20090101T000000 RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;WKST=SU;BYDAY=MO,WE,FR;BYMONTH=4,5 RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;WKST=SU;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4 RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;WKST=SU;BYMONTH=5;BYMONTHDAY=-1 SEQUENCE:0 UID:352ed9d4-04d0-4f06-a094-fab7165e5c74 END:VEVENT END:VCALENDAR That looks right on the face (I'm even starting the event on 1/1/2009), but when I start testing whether certain days are valid, I get incorrect results. For example, 4/1/2009 12:00:00 AM = True // Should be False 4/6/2009 12:00:00 AM = True 4/7/2009 12:00:00 AM = False 4/8/2009 12:00:00 AM = True 5/1/2009 12:00:00 AM = True 5/2/2009 12:00:00 AM = False 5/29/2009 12:00:00 AM = True 5/31/2009 12:00:00 AM = True // Should be False 6/1/2009 12:00:00 AM = False I'm using Douglas Day's DDay.iCal software, but I don't think it is a bug in that library. I think this might be a limitation in iCalendar (RFC 2445). Thoughts?

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  • Conversion failed when converting the varchar value to int

    - by onedaywhen
    Microsoft SQL Server 2008 (SP1), getting an unexpected 'Conversion failed' error. Not quite sure how to describe this problem, so below is a simple example. The CTE extracts the numeric portion of certain IDs using a search condition to ensure a numeric portion actually exists. The CTE is then used to find the lowest unused sequence number (kind of): CREATE TABLE IDs (ID CHAR(3) NOT NULL UNIQUE); INSERT INTO IDs (ID) VALUES ('A01'), ('A02'), ('A04'), ('ERR'); WITH ValidIDs (ID, seq) AS ( SELECT ID, CAST(RIGHT(ID, 2) AS INTEGER) FROM IDs WHERE ID LIKE 'A[0-9][0-9]' ) SELECT MIN(V1.seq) + 1 AS next_seq FROM ValidIDs AS V1 WHERE NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM ValidIDs AS V2 WHERE V2.seq = V1.seq + 1 ); The error is, 'Conversion failed when converting the varchar value 'RR' to data type int.' I can't understand why the value ID = 'ERR' should be being considered for conversion because the predicate ID LIKE 'A[0-9][0-9]' should have removed the invalid row from the resultset. When the base table is substituted with an equivalent CTE the problem goes away i.e. WITH IDs (ID) AS ( SELECT 'A01' UNION ALL SELECT 'A02' UNION ALL SELECT 'A04' UNION ALL SELECT 'ERR' ), ValidIDs (ID, seq) AS ( SELECT ID, CAST(RIGHT(ID, 2) AS INTEGER) FROM IDs WHERE ID LIKE 'A[0-9][0-9]' ) SELECT MIN(V1.seq) + 1 AS next_seq FROM ValidIDs AS V1 WHERE NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM ValidIDs AS V2 WHERE V2.seq = V1.seq + 1 ); Why would a base table cause this error? Is this a known issue? UPDATE @sgmoore: no, doing the filtering in one CTE and the casting in another CTE still results in the same error e.g. WITH FilteredIDs (ID) AS ( SELECT ID FROM IDs WHERE ID LIKE 'A[0-9][0-9]' ), ValidIDs (ID, seq) AS ( SELECT ID, CAST(RIGHT(ID, 2) AS INTEGER) FROM FilteredIDs ) SELECT MIN(V1.seq) + 1 AS next_seq FROM ValidIDs AS V1 WHERE NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM ValidIDs AS V2 WHERE V2.seq = V1.seq + 1 );

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  • XML/RDF to Java Objects with XSD

    - by bmucklow
    So here's the scenario...I have an XSD file describing all the objects that I need. I can create the objects in Java using JAXB no problem. I have an XML/RDF file that I need to parse into those objects. What is the EASIEST way to do this? I have been looking into Jena and have played around with it, but can't see how to easily map the XML/RDF file to the XSD objects that were generated. Here is a snippet of the XSD file as well as the XML/RDF file: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:a="http://langdale.com.au/2005/Message#" xmlns:sawsdl="http://www.w3.org/ns/sawsdl" targetNamespace="http://iec.ch/TC57/2007/profile#" elementFormDefault="qualified" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" xmlns="http://langdale.com.au/2005/Message#" xmlns:m="http://iec.ch/TC57/2007/profile#"> <xs:annotation/> <xs:element name="Profile" type="m:Profile"/> <xs:complexType name="Profile"> <xs:sequence> <xs:element name="Breaker" type="m:Breaker" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> And the XML/RDF: <!-- CIM XML Output For switch783:(295854688) --> <cim:Switch rdf:ID="Switch_295854688"> <cim:IdentifiedObject.mRID>Switch_295854688</cim:IdentifiedObject.mRID> <cim:IdentifiedObject.aliasName>Switch_295854688</cim:IdentifiedObject.aliasName> <cim:ConductingEquipment.phases rdf:resource="http://iec.ch/TC57/2009/CIM-schema-cim14#PhaseCode.ABC" /> <cim:Switch.circuit2>0001406</cim:Switch.circuit2> <cim:Equipment.Line rdf:resource="#Line_0001406" />

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  • How to get associated URLRequest from Event.COMPLETE fired by URLLoader

    - by matt lohkamp
    So let's say we want to load some XML - var xmlURL:String = 'content.xml'; var xmlURLRequest:URLRequest = new URLRequest(xmlURL); var xmlURLLoader:URLLoader = new URLLoader(xmlURLRequest); xmlURLLoader.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, function(e:Event):void{ trace('loaded',xmlURL); trace(XML(e.target.data)); }); If we need to know the source URL for that particular XML doc, we've got that variable to tell us, right? Now let's imagine that the xmlURL variable isn't around to help us - maybe we want to load 3 XML docs, named in sequence, and we want to use throwaway variables inside of a for-loop: for(var i:uint = 3; i > 0; i--){ var xmlURLLoader:URLLoader = new URLLoader(new URLRequest('content'+i+'.xml')); xmlURLLoader.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, function(e:Event):void{ trace(e.target.src); // I wish this worked... trace(XML(e.target.data)); }); } Suddenly it's not so easy, right? I hate that you can't just say e.target.src or whatever - is there a good way to associate URLLoaders with the URL they loaded data from? Am I missing something? It feels unintuitive to me.

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  • How to correctly waitFor() a saveScreenShot() end of execution.

    - by Alain
    Here is my full first working test: var expect = require('chai').expect; var assert = require('assert'); var webdriverjs = require('webdriverjs'); var client = {}; var webdriverOptions = { desiredCapabilities: { browserName: 'phantomjs' }, logLevel: 'verbose' }; describe('Test mysite', function(){ before(function() { client = webdriverjs.remote( webdriverOptions ); client.init(); }); var selector = "#mybodybody"; it('should see the correct title', function(done) { client.url('http://localhost/mysite/') .getTitle( function(err, title){ expect(err).to.be.null; assert.strictEqual(title, 'My title page' ); }) .waitFor( selector, 2000, function(){ client.saveScreenshot( "./ExtractScreen.png" ); }) .waitFor( selector, 7000, function(){ }) .call(done); }); after(function(done) { client.end(done); }); }); Ok, it does not do much, but after working many hours to get the environement correctly setup, it passed. Now, the only way I got it working is by playing with the waitFor() method and adjust the delays. It works, but I still do not understand how to surely wait for a png file to be saved on disk. As I will deal with tests orders, I will eventually get hung up from the test script before securely save the file. Now, How can I improve this screen save sequence and avoid loosing my screenshot ? Thanks.

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  • Serializing and deserializing a map with key as string

    - by Grace K
    Hi! I am intending to serialize and deserialize a hashmap whose key is a string. From Josh Bloch's Effective Java, I understand the following. P.222 "For example, consider the case of a harsh table. The physical representation is a sequence of hash buckets containing key-value entries. Which bucket an entry is placed in is a function of the hash code of the key, which is not, in general guaranteed to be the same from JVM implementation to JVM implementation. In fact, it isn't even guranteed to be the same from run to run on the same JVM implementation. Therefore accepting the default serialized form for a hash table would constitute a serious bug. Serializing and deserializing the hash table could yield an object whose invariants were seriously corrupt." My questions are: 1) In general, would overriding the equals and hashcode of the key class of the map resolve this issue and the map can be correctly restored? 2) If my key is a String and the String class is already overriding the hashCode() method, would I still have problem described above. (I am seeing a bug which makes me think this is probably still a problem even though the key is String with overriding hashCode.) 3)Previously, I get around this issue by serializing an array of entries (key, value) and when deserializing I would reconstruct the map. I am wondering if there is a better approach. 4) If the answers to question 1 and 2 are that I still can't be guaranteed. Could someone explain why? If the hashCodes are the same would they go to the same buckets across JVMs? Thanks, Grace

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  • R : remove columns from dataframe where ALL values are NA

    - by Sophomore
    hello everybody! I'm having some trouble with my huge data frame and couldn't really resolve that question myself: The dataframe has some properties as columns and each row represents one data set. I've done some sanatizing to this dataframe (e.g. get rid of datasets which are not to be included in evaluation). (Whoever might be interested: Beforehand I aggregate around 5000 single text files and put them in a tsv, some of the proerties have a sequence number like "button.pressed.1" ... ""button.pressed.n". Some of the sets excluded had really high numbers for n but got excluded, all sets left have much smaller numbers for n but the property "button.presed.50" is still there and all remaining sets have an NA in that column. Actually its a different property but the example should clarify my intention...) So the question is quite simple (for some sophisticated R pro): I need to get rid of columns where for ALL rows the value is NA. Could someone please help me out? (All I have managed to get rid of columns where at least one NA exists which dropped about half my columns)...

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  • Hibernate MapKeyManyToMany gives composite key where none exists

    - by larsrc
    I have a Hibernate (3.3.1) mapping of a map using a three-way join table: @Entity public class SiteConfiguration extends ConfigurationSet { @ManyToMany @MapKeyManyToMany(joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="SiteTypeInstallationId")) @JoinTable( name="SiteConfig_InstConfig", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="SiteConfigId"), inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="InstallationConfigId") ) Map<SiteTypeInstallation, InstallationConfiguration> installationConfigurations = new HashMap<SiteTypeInstallation, InstallationConfiguration>(); ... } The underlying table (in Oracle 11g) is: Name Null Type ------------------------------ -------- ---------- SITECONFIGID NOT NULL NUMBER(19) SITETYPEINSTALLATIONID NOT NULL NUMBER(19) INSTALLATIONCONFIGID NOT NULL NUMBER(19) The key entity used to have a three-column primary key in the database, but is now redefined as: @Entity public class SiteTypeInstallation implements IdResolvable { @Id @GeneratedValue(generator="SiteTypeInstallationSeq", strategy= GenerationType.SEQUENCE) @SequenceGenerator(name = "SiteTypeInstallationSeq", sequenceName = "SEQ_SiteTypeInstallation", allocationSize = 1) long id; @ManyToOne @JoinColumn(name="SiteTypeId") SiteType siteType; @ManyToOne @JoinColumn(name="InstalationRoleId") InstallationRole role; @ManyToOne @JoinColumn(name="InstallationTypeId") InstType type; ... } The table for this has a primary key 'Id' and foreign key constraints+indexes for each of the other columns: Name Null Type ------------------------------ -------- ---------- SITETYPEID NOT NULL NUMBER(19) INSTALLATIONROLEID NOT NULL NUMBER(19) INSTALLATIONTYPEID NOT NULL NUMBER(19) ID NOT NULL NUMBER(19) For some reason, Hibernate thinks the key of the map is composite, even though it isn't, and gives me this error: org.hibernate.MappingException: Foreign key (FK1A241BE195C69C8:SiteConfig_InstConfig [SiteTypeInstallationId])) must have same number of columns as the referenced primary key (SiteTypeInstallation [SiteTypeId,InstallationRoleId]) If I remove the annotations on installationConfigurations and make it transient, the error disappears. I am very confused why it thinks SiteTypeInstallation has a composite key at all when @Id is clearly defining a simple key, and doubly confused why it picks exactly just those two columns. Any idea why this happens? Is it possible that JBoss (5.0 EAP) + Hibernate somehow remembers a mistaken idea of the primary key across server restarts and code redeployments? Thanks in advance, -Lars

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  • How can I have sub-elements of a complex/mixed type with unrestricted order and count?

    - by mbmcavoy
    I am working with XML where some elements will contain text with additional markup. This is similar to this example at W3Schools. However, I need the markup tags to be able to appear in any order and possibly more than once. To modify their example for illustration: <letter> Dear Mr.<name>John Smith</name>. Your order <orderid>1032</orderid> will be shipped on <shipdate>2001-07-13</shipdate>. Thank you, <name>Bob Adams</name> </letter> None of the options presented by W3Schools (on the page following the linked example) allow this XML due to the second <name> element. Their explanation of the "indicators" and my testing are consistent. <xs:sequence> - violates the element order <xs:choice> - more than one kind of element is used. <xs:all> - maxOccurs is restricted to "1". This seems like it should be basic, after all, XHTML allows such things. How do I define my schema to allow this?

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  • Prgramming jquery slider

    - by Mirage
    I want to program the jquery slider myself rather than using any plugin. But i want to know the basic idea. e.g I have <ul> <li> <div>content </div> </li> <li> <div>content </div> </li> <li> <div>content </div> </li> <li> <div>content </div> </li> <li> <div>content </div> </li> </ul> I want to show horzontally only three items at one time and there will be arroes left and right end. I know jquery basics. But i don't know how should i do in steps. I mean when click on right arrow The left div should slide left and new div com right should come left ANy ideas in sequence what i need to do

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  • Some clarification needed about synchronous versus asynchronous asio operations

    - by Old newbie
    As far as I know, the main difference between synchronous and asynchronous operations. I.e. write() or read() vs async_write() and async_read() is that the former, don't return until the operation finish -or error-, and the last ones, returns inmediately. Due the fact that the asynchronous operations are controlled by an io_service.run() that does not finish until the controlled operations has finalized. It seems to me that in sequencial operations as those involved in TCP/IP connections with protocols such as POP3, in which the operaton is a sequence such as: C: <connect> S: Ok. C: User... S: Ok. C: Password S: Ok. C: Command S: answer C: Command S: answer ... C: bye S: <close> The difference between synchronous/asynchronous opperatons does not make much sense. Of course, in both operations there is allways the risk that the program flow stops indefinitely by some circunstance -there the use of timers-, but I would like know some more authorized opinions in this matter. I must admit that the question is rather ill-defined, but I like hear some advices about when use one or other, because I've problems in debugging with MS Visual Studio, asynchronous SSL operations in a POP3 client in wich I'm working now -about some of who surely I would write here soon-, and sometimes think that perhaps is a bad idea use asynchronous in this. Not to say that I'm an absolute newbie with this librarys, that additionally to the difficult with the idioma, and some obscure concepts in the STL, must suffer the brevity of the asio documentation.

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  • mysqldb interfaceError

    - by Johanna
    I have a very weird probleme with mysqldb (mysql module for python). I have a file with queries for inserting records in tables. If I call the functions from the file, it works just fine. But when I try to call one of the functions from another file it throws me a _mysql_exception.InterfaceError: (0, '') I really don't get what I'm doing wrong here.. I call the function from buildDB.py : import create create.newFormat("HD", 0,0,0) The function newFormat(..) is in create.py (imported) : from Database import Database db = Database() def newFormat(name, width=0, height=0, fps=0): format_query = "INSERT INTO Format (form_name, form_width, form_height, form_fps) VALUES ('"+name+"',"+str(width)+","+str(height)+","+str(fps)+");" db.execute(format_query) And the class Databse is the following : import MySQLdb from MySQLdb.constants import FIELD_TYPE class Database(): def __init__(self): server = "localhost" login = "seq" password = "seqmanager" database = "Sequence" my_conv = { FIELD_TYPE.LONG: int } self.conn = MySQLdb.connection(host=server, user=login, passwd=password, db=database, conv=my_conv) # self.cursor = self.conn.cursor() def close(self): self.conn.close() def execute(self, query): self.conn.query(query) (I put only relevant code) Traceback : Z:\sequenceManager\mysql>python buildDB.py D:\ProgramFiles\Python26\lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\__init__.py:34: DeprecationWa rning: the sets module is deprecated from sets import ImmutableSet INSERT INTO Format (form_name, form_width, form_height, form_fps) VALUES ('HD',0 ,0,0); Traceback (most recent call last): File "buildDB.py", line 182, in <module> create.newFormat("HD") File "Z:\sequenceManager\mysql\create.py", line 52, in newFormat db.execute(format_query) File "Z:\sequenceManager\mysql\Database.py", line 19, in execute self.conn.query(query) _mysql_exceptions.InterfaceError: (0, '') The warning has never been a problem before so I don't think it's related.

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  • SQL Server INSERT, Scope_Identity() and physical writing to disc

    - by TheBlueSky
    Hello everyone, I have a stored procedure that does, among other stuff, some inserts in different table inside a loop. See the example below for clearer understanding: INSERT INTO T1 VALUES ('something') SET @MyID = Scope_Identity() ... some stuff go here INSERT INTO T2 VALUES (@MyID, 'something else') ... The rest of the procedure These two tables (T1 and T2) have an IDENTITY(1, 1) column in each one of them, let's call them ID1 and ID2; however, after running the procedure in our production database (very busy database) and having more than 6250 records in each table, I have noticed one incident where ID1 does not match ID2! Although normally for each record inserted in T1, there is record inserted in T2 and the identity column in both is incremented consistently. The "wrong" records were something like that: ID1 Col1 ---- --------- 4709 data-4709 4710 data-4710 ID2 ID1 Col1 ---- ---- --------- 4709 4710 data-4709 4710 4709 data-4710 Note the "inverted", ID1 in the second table. Knowing not that much about SQL Server underneath operations, I have put the following "theory", maybe someone can correct me on this. What I think is that because the loop is faster than physically writing to the table, and/or maybe some other thing delayed the writing process, the records were buffered. When it comes the time to write them, they were wrote in no particular order. Is that even possible if no, how to explain the above mentioned scenario? If yes, then I have another question to rise. What if the first insert (from the code above) got delayed? Doesn't that mean I won't get the correct IDENTITY to insert into the second table? If the answer of this is also yes, what can I do to insure the insertion in the two tables will happen in sequence with the correct IDENTITY? I appreciate any comment and information that help me understand this. Thanks in advance.

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  • Reading Unicode files line by line C++

    - by Roger Nelson
    What is the correct way to read Unicode files line by line in C++? I am trying to read a file saved as Unicode (LE) by Windows Notepad. Suppose the file contains simply the characters A and B on separate lines. In reading the file byte by byte, I see the following byte sequence (hex) : FE FF 41 00 0D 00 0A 00 42 00 0D 00 0A 00 So 2 byte BOM, 2 byte 'A', 2byte CR , 2byte LF, 2 byte 'B', 2 byte CR, 2 byte LF . I tried reading the text file using the following code: std::wifstream file("test.txt"); file.seekg(2); // skip BOM std::wstring A_line; std::wstring B_line; getline(file,A_line); // I get "A" getline(file,B_line); // I get "\0B" I get the same results using operator instead of getline file >> A_line; file >> B_line; It appears that the single byte CR character is is being consumed only as the single byte. or CR NULL LF is being consumed but not the high byte NULL. I would expect wifstream in text mode would read the 2byte CR and 2byte LF. What am I doing wrong? It does not seem right that one should have to read a text file byte by byte in binary mode just to parse the new lines.

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  • Pairs from single list

    - by Apalala
    Often enough, I've found the need to process a list by pairs. I was wondering which would be the pythonic and efficient way to do it, and found this on Google: pairs = zip(t[::2], t[1::2]) I thought that was pythonic enough, but after a recent discussion involving idioms versus efficiency, I decided to do some tests: import time from itertools import islice, izip def pairs_1(t): return zip(t[::2], t[1::2]) def pairs_2(t): return izip(t[::2], t[1::2]) def pairs_3(t): return izip(islice(t,None,None,2), islice(t,1,None,2)) A = range(10000) B = xrange(len(A)) def pairs_4(t): # ignore value of t! t = B return izip(islice(t,None,None,2), islice(t,1,None,2)) for f in pairs_1, pairs_2, pairs_3, pairs_4: # time the pairing s = time.time() for i in range(1000): p = f(A) t1 = time.time() - s # time using the pairs s = time.time() for i in range(1000): p = f(A) for a, b in p: pass t2 = time.time() - s print t1, t2, t2-t1 These were the results on my computer: 1.48668909073 2.63187503815 1.14518594742 0.105381965637 1.35109519958 1.24571323395 0.00257992744446 1.46182489395 1.45924496651 0.00251388549805 1.70076990128 1.69825601578 If I'm interpreting them correctly, that should mean that the implementation of lists, list indexing, and list slicing in Python is very efficient. It's a result both comforting and unexpected. Is there another, "better" way of traversing a list in pairs? Note that if the list has an odd number of elements then the last one will not be in any of the pairs. Which would be the right way to ensure that all elements are included? I added these two suggestions from the answers to the tests: def pairwise(t): it = iter(t) return izip(it, it) def chunkwise(t, size=2): it = iter(t) return izip(*[it]*size) These are the results: 0.00159502029419 1.25745987892 1.25586485863 0.00222492218018 1.23795199394 1.23572707176 Results so far Most pythonic and very efficient: pairs = izip(t[::2], t[1::2]) Most efficient and very pythonic: pairs = izip(*[iter(t)]*2) It took me a moment to grok that the first answer uses two iterators while the second uses a single one. To deal with sequences with an odd number of elements, the suggestion has been to augment the original sequence adding one element (None) that gets paired with the previous last element, something that can be achieved with itertools.izip_longest().

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  • How to append \line into RTF using RichTextBox control

    - by Steve Sheldon
    When using the Microsoft RichTextBox control it is possible to add new lines like this... richtextbox.AppendText(System.Environment.NewLine); // appends \r\n However, if you now view the generated rtf the \r\n characters are converted to \par not \line How do I insert a \line control code into the generated RTF? What does't work: Token Replacement Hacks like inserting a token at the end of the string and then replacing it after the fact, so something like this: string text = "my text"; text = text.Replace("||" "|"); // replace any '|' chars with a double '||' so they aren't confused in the output. text = text.Replace("\r\n", "_|0|_"); // replace \r\n with a placeholder of |0| richtextbox.AppendText(text); string rtf = richtextbox.Rtf; rtf.Replace("_|0|_", "\\line"); // replace placeholder with \line rtf.Replace("||", "|"); // set back any || chars to | This almost worked, it breaks down if you have to support right to left text as the right to left control sequence always ends up in the middle of the placeholder. Sending Key Messages public void AppendNewLine() { Keys[] keys = new Keys[] {Keys.Shift, Keys.Return}; SendKeys(keys); } private void SendKeys(Keys[] keys) { foreach(Keys key in keys) { SendKeyDown(key); } } private void SendKeyDown(Keys key) { user32.SendMessage(this.Handle, Messages.WM_KEYDOWN, (int)key, 0); } private void SendKeyUp(Keys key) { user32.SendMessage(this.Handle, Messages.WM_KEYUP, (int)key, 0); } This also ends up being converted to a \par Is there a way to post a messaged directly to the msftedit control to insert a control character? I am totally stumped, any ideas guys? Thanks for your help!

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  • Stored Procedure Does Not Fire Last Command

    - by jp2code
    On our SQL Server (Version 10.0.1600), I have a stored procedure that I wrote. It is not throwing any errors, and it is returning the correct values after making the insert in the database. However, the last command spSendEventNotificationEmail (which sends out email notifications) is not being run. I can run the spSendEventNotificationEmail script manually using the same data, and the notifications show up, so I know it works. Is there something wrong with how I call it in my stored procedure? [dbo].[spUpdateRequest](@packetID int, @statusID int output, @empID int, @mtf nVarChar(50)) AS BEGIN -- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from -- interfering with SELECT statements. SET NOCOUNT ON; DECLARE @id int SET @id=-1 -- Insert statements for procedure here SELECT A.ID, PacketID, StatusID INTO #act FROM Action A JOIN Request R ON (R.ID=A.RequestID) WHERE (PacketID=@packetID) AND (StatusID=@statusID) IF ((SELECT COUNT(ID) FROM #act)=0) BEGIN -- this statusID has not been entered. Continue SELECT ID, MTF INTO #req FROM Request WHERE PacketID=@packetID WHILE (0 < (SELECT COUNT(ID) FROM #req)) BEGIN SELECT TOP 1 @id=ID FROM #req INSERT INTO Action (RequestID, StatusID, EmpID, DateStamp) VALUES (@id, @statusID, @empID, GETDATE()) IF ((@mtf IS NOT NULL) AND (0 < LEN(RTRIM(@mtf)))) BEGIN UPDATE Request SET MTF=@mtf WHERE ID=@id END DELETE #req WHERE ID=@id END DROP TABLE #req SELECT @id=@@IDENTITY, @statusID=StatusID FROM Action SELECT TOP 1 @statusID=ID FROM Status WHERE (@statusID<ID) AND (-1 < Sequence) EXEC spSendEventNotificationEmail @packetID, @statusID, 'http:\\cpweb:8100\NextStep.aspx' END ELSE BEGIN SET @statusID = -1 END DROP TABLE #act END Idea of how the data tables are connected:

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  • Array: Recursive problem cracked me up

    - by VaioIsBorn
    An array of integers A[i] (i 1) is defined in the following way: an element A[k] ( k 1) is the smallest number greater than A[k-1] such that the sum of its digits is equal to the sum of the digits of the number 4* A[k-1] . You need to write a program that calculates the N th number in this array based on the given first element A[1] . INPUT: In one line of standard input there are two numbers seperated with a single space: A[1] (1 <= A[1] <= 100) and N (1 <= N <= 10000). OUTPUT: The standard output should only contain a single integer A[N] , the Nth number of the defined sequence. Input: 7 4 Output: 79 Explanation: Elements of the array are as follows: 7, 19, 49, 79... and the 4th element is solution. I tried solving this by coding a separate function that for a given number A[k] calculates the sum of it's digits and finds the smallest number greater than A[k-1] as it says in the problem, but with no success. The first testing failed because of a memory limit, the second testing failed because of a time limit, and now i don't have any possible idea how to solve this. One friend suggested recursion, but i don't know how to set that. Anyone who can help me in any way please write, also suggest some ideas about using recursion/DP for solving this problem. Thanks.

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  • python gui events out of order

    - by dave
    from Tkinter import * from tkMessageBox import * class Gui: def __init__(self, root): self.container = Frame(root) self.container.grid() self.inputText = Text(self.container, width=50, height=8) self.outputText = Text(self.container, width=50, height=8, bg='#E0E0E0', state=DISABLED) self.inputText.grid(row=0, column=0) self.outputText.grid(row=0, column=1) self.inputText.bind("<Key>", self.translate) def translate(self, event): input = self.inputText.get(0.0, END) output = self.outputText.get(0.0, END) self.outputText.config(state=NORMAL) self.outputText.delete(0.0, END) self.outputText.insert(INSERT, input) self.outputText.config(state=DISABLED) showinfo(message="Input: %s characters\nOutput: %s characters" % (len(input), len(input))) root = Tk() #toplevel object app = Gui(root) #call to the class where gui is defined root.mainloop() #enter event loop Working on a gui in tkinter I'm a little confused as to the sequence the event handlers are run. If you run the above code you'll hopefully see... 1) Editing the text widget triggers the event handler but it seems to fire it off without registering the actual change, 2) Even when the text widget is cleared (ie, keep pressing BackSpace) it still seems to have a one character length string, 3) The output widget only receives its update when the NEXT event trigger is fired despite the fact the data came on the previous event. Is this just how bindings work in tkinter or am i missing something here? The behaviour i would like when updating the input widget is: 1) Show the change, 2) Enter event handler, 3) Update output widget, 4) Show message box.

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  • d2: assigning ranges/iterators to array slices

    - by modchan
    Consider following code: enum size = 16; double[size] arr1 = [...]; double[size] arr2 = [...]; process = (double x) { return (x + 1); }; arr2[] = map!(process)(arr1[]); // here I have trouble converting results of map back to my plain array. Problem applies not only to map, but also to take, repeat and all those fine tools from std.algorithm and std.range that operate on ranges. On this assignment, I get Error: cannot implicitly convert expression (map(arr1[])) of type Result to double[]. How can I evaluate range to array without using uint i = 0; foreach (x; map!(process)(arr1[])) { arr2[i] = x; i++; } ? Additionally, can someone please explain, why I must call map!(process)(arr1[]) instead of map!(process)(arr1) with static arrays? Shouldn't static arrays be compatible with dynamic for means of iteration, or I don't get something? Also, it seems that straightforward enumeration syntax foreach (index, item; sequence) does not work for ranges - are there workarounds? I guess the reason is the same as why ranges cannot be assigned to array slices.

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  • Can an application affect TCP retransmits

    - by sipwiz
    I'm troubleshooting some communications issues and in the network traces I am occasionally coming across TCP sequence errors. One example I've got is: Server to Client: Seq=3174, Len=50 Client to Server: Ack=3224 Server to Client: Seq=3224, Len=50 Client to Server: Ack=3224 Server to Client: Seq=3274, Len=10 Client to Server: Ack=3224, SLE=3274, SRE=3284 Packets 4 & 5 are recorded in the trace (which is from a router in between the client and server) at almost exactly the same time so they most likely crossed in transit. The TCP session has got out of sync with the client missing the last two transmissions from the server. Those two packets should have been retransmitted but they weren't, the next log in the trace is a RST packet from the Client 24 seconds after packet 6. My question is related to what could be responsible for the failure to retransmit the server data from packets 3 & 5? I would assume that the retransmit would be at the operating system level but is there anyway the application could influence it and stop it being sent? A thread blocking or put to sleep or something like that?

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  • PHP, MySQL prepared statements - can you use results of execute more than once by calling data_seek(

    - by Carvell Fenton
    Hello, I have a case where I want to use the results of a prepared statement more than once in a nested loop. The outer loop processes the results of another query, and the inner loop is the results of the prepared statement query. So the code would be something like this (just "pseudoish" to demonstrate the concept): // not showing the outer query, it is just a basic SELECT, not prepared statement // we'll call it $outer_query $obj_array = array(); // going to save objects in this $ids = array(18,19,20); // just example id numbers $query = "SELECT field1, field2 FROM table1 WHERE id=?"; $stmt = $db->prepare($query); foreach ($ids as $id) { $stmt->bind_param("i", $id); $stmt->execute(); $stmt->bind_result($var1, $var2); $stmt->store_result(); // I think I need this for data_seek while ($q1 = $outer_query->fetch_object()) { while ($stmt->fetch()) { if ($q1->field1 == $var1) { // looking for a match $obj = new stdClass(); $obj->var1 = $var1; $obj->var2 = $var2; $obj_array[] = $obj; $stmt->data_seek(0); // reset for outer loop break; // found match, so leave inner } } } } The problem I seem to be experiencing is that the values are not getting bound in the variables as I would expect after the first time I use fetch in the inner loop. Specifically, in one example I ran with 3 ids for the foreach, the first id was processed correctly, the second was processed incorrectly (matches were not found in the inner loop even though they existed), and then the third was processed correctly. Is there something wrong with the prepared statment function calls in the sequence I am doing above, or is this an invalid way to use the results of the prepared statement? Thanks.

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