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• Limit ftp users to only certain directories in Ubuntu

  - by George

  There are several questions around limiting ftp users to certain directories. However, most of them refer to vsftpd, which I don't think I have installed on my system. I'm running Ubuntu 9.04. How can I tell what ftp service I have installed, and then limit certain users to only the /home/ftpuser directory instead of having full access to the file system? I think I can add them to a separate group and give that group access to the proper directories, but then do I have to remove that groups permissions from all other directories? It seems like there should be an easy way like setting the chroot_local_user value in the /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf file, but that doesn't exist on my system.

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• How to parse pipe with multiple commands independently?

  - by yarun can

  How can I parse output of a single command by multiple commands without truncating at each step? For example ls -al|grep -i something will pass every line that has "something" in it to the next pipe which is fine, but that also means every other line in the pipe is discarded since there wont be matching the condition. What I want is to be able to operate on single pipe by many commands independently. In this case it a pipe from Mutt which passes the whole message body. I want to get grep, sed, delete and assign each of these to bash variables maybe. Initially what I want is to be able to assign "message id" to a variable, "subject" to another variable etc Then pass those into proper commands arguments. Here is how it will be MessageBodyFromMutt|grep something -Ax -Bx |grep another thing from the original message| sed some stuff from the original message| cut from here to there Obviously the above line does not do what I want. I want all these commands to operate on the original message body. I hope it makes sense

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• easiest way to (download and) convert HTML-structures into EPUB?

  - by gojira

  How would one (download and) convert HTML-structures into EPUB (or any other format suitable for the Sony PRS-505 reader)? My question is not how to convert a single HTML file into an EPUB file, as this is easy; what I mean is, I have some books I want to read on my Sony PRS-505 and these books are most often online in HTML format but withmany interlinked pages and there is one page with the list of contents, like this example http://www.edge.org/documents/ThirdCulture/d-Contents.html ... or sometimes it's a little bit more complicated as the list of contents only lists the chapters, and inside the chapters there are links to sub-chapters, like in this example: http:SLASHSLASHwww.hyw.com/Books/WargamesHandbook/Contents.htm (I can only post 1 hyperlink now b/c of user restriction, so this is why there is SLASHSLASH instead of //) I want to convert these examples and several others, with correct chapters, images and some acceptable formatting etc, so basically I want to make a proper ebook out of the HTML-tree. What is the easiest way?

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• Where should I go to learn about networking? [closed]

  - by Ollie Saunders

  I wonder if anyone could recommend resource or resources such as a good book that: explains how all the important protocols work and interact. I’m interested in those that are relevant in a typical home network and used over the Internet explains in detail how ADSL Internet connections work to the level of depth necessary so that I’m able to tweak and measure performance settings starts from the beginning but attempts to provide proper understanding rather than idiot-oriented steps to follow Basically, I’m interested in how these technologies work and tend to be implemented in hardware and software rather than “here’s what to do if…” I’m interested in Computer Networking by Andrew S. Tanenbaum and I wonder if anyone else has any experience with that title. It’s expensive but I could probably loan a copy for £3 from the library or so.

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• Requesting better explanation for etag/expiration of favicon.ico

  - by syn4k

  Following this article: Configuring favicon with expires header in htaccess Using YSlow, I keep getting: (no expires) http://devwww.someplace.com/favicon.ico Also, YSlow indicates: Grade C on Configure entity tags (ETags) for the same file. My relevant config (.htaccess): # Configure ETags FileETag MTime Size <IfModule mod_expires.c> # Enable Expires Headers for this directory and sub directories that don't override it ExpiresActive on # Set default expiration for all files ExpiresDefault "access plus 24 hours" # Add Proper MIME-Type for Favicon AddType image/x-icon .ico # Set specific expriation by file type ExpiresByType image/x-icon "access plus 1 month" ExpiresByType image/ico "access plus 1 month" ExpiresByType image/icon "access plus 1 month" </IfModule> As you can see, I am setting both, etags and expiration however, both seem to be ignored. Yes, mod_expires is being loaded by my Apache configuration.

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• mounting ext4 fs with block size of 65536

  - by seaquest

  I am doing some benchmarking on EXT4 performance on Compact Flash media. I have created an ext4 fs with block size of 65536. however I can not mount it on ubuntu-10.10-netbook-i386. (it is already mounting ext4 fs with 4096 bytes of block sizes) According to my readings on ext4 it should allow such big block sized fs. I want to hear your comments. root@ubuntu:~# mkfs.ext4 -b 65536 /dev/sda3 Warning: blocksize 65536 not usable on most systems. mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) mkfs.ext4: 65536-byte blocks too big for system (max 4096) Proceed anyway? (y,n) y Warning: 65536-byte blocks too big for system (max 4096), forced to continue Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=65536 (log=6) Fragment size=65536 (log=6) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 19968 inodes, 19830 blocks 991 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 1 block group 65528 blocks per group, 65528 fragments per group 19968 inodes per group Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (1024 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 37 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. root@ubuntu:~# tune2fs -l /dev/sda3 tune2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem volume name: <none> Last mounted on: <not available> Filesystem UUID: 4cf3f507-e7b4-463c-be11-5b408097099b Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53 Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic) Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype extent flex_bg sparse_super large_file huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash Default mount options: (none) Filesystem state: clean Errors behavior: Continue Filesystem OS type: Linux Inode count: 19968 Block count: 19830 Reserved block count: 991 Free blocks: 18720 Free inodes: 19957 First block: 0 Block size: 65536 Fragment size: 65536 Blocks per group: 65528 Fragments per group: 65528 Inodes per group: 19968 Inode blocks per group: 78 Flex block group size: 16 Filesystem created: Sat Feb 5 14:39:55 2011 Last mount time: n/a Last write time: Sat Feb 5 14:40:02 2011 Mount count: 0 Maximum mount count: 37 Last checked: Sat Feb 5 14:39:55 2011 Check interval: 15552000 (6 months) Next check after: Thu Aug 4 14:39:55 2011 Lifetime writes: 70 MB Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root) Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root) First inode: 11 Inode size: 256 Required extra isize: 28 Desired extra isize: 28 Journal inode: 8 Default directory hash: half_md4 Directory Hash Seed: afb5b570-9d47-4786-bad2-4aacb3b73516 Journal backup: inode blocks root@ubuntu:~# mount -t ext4 /dev/sda3 /mnt/ mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sda3, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so

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• Software that supports ATA Secure Erase Command

  - by vy32

  We have a lot of drives that need to be sanitized. NIST SP 800-88 recommends software that uses the ATA Secure Erase command. That's apparently the only way to be sure that the drive is properly wiped, due to bad-block remapping and such. I know that this functionality is available in hdparm. The problem with that approach is that it is inconsistent on multiple platforms, occasionally times out, doesn't have error-checking logic, and doesn't check the resulting drive to make sure that it has, in fact, been erased. So a proper program might use hdparm, but hdparm by itself isn't an answer. I'm looking for open source software that implements ATA Secure Erase. Ideally it will be a bootable disk image like DBAN, but it will use the ATA command.

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• Routing Essentials

  - by zharvey

  I'm a programmer trying to fill a big hole in my understanding of networking basics. I've been reading a good book (Networking Bible by Sosinki) but I have been finding that there is a lot of "assumed" information contained, where terms/concepts are thrown at the reader without a proper introduction to them. I understand that a "route" is a path through a network. But I am struggling with visualizing some routing-based concepts. Namely: How do routes actually manifest themselves in the hardware? Are they just a list of IP addresses that get computed at the network layer, and then executed by the transport? What kind of data exists in a so-caleld routing table? Is a routing-table just the mechanism for holding these lists of IP address (read above)? What are the performance pros/cons for having a static route, as opposed to a dynamic route?

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• Positive result, negative result and current balance. How do you make starting balance show current result?

  - by Tine

  I have 3 columns. Column A shows positive result and if the result is negative then it is in a column B. Column B shows negative result and if the result is positive then it is in a column A. (meaning that either columns can have 0.00 in the cell (empty zero cells)). Column C has starting assets and it also shows the current balance that while result A or B are adding up and current balance is showing the current result. What is the proper formula for this I hope I was clear with my problem. Please help. Thanks in advance!

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• Should this folder called Data be indexed?

  - by panny

  In the indexing options of Windows 7 there is a folder called Data which is excluded from indexing for the C:\ drive by default. Can someone confirm this, please? I was not able to locate that folder on my drive, nor include it in the search index. The difference in number of indexed files is unsatisfying: windows-7 native indexing service:377703 files on six drives; third party desktop search indexing service:698654 files on the same number of drives. Files in UA Control seem not being indexed without proper priviledges. How can this be circumvented?

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• How to rsync a large file, with as little CPU and bandwidth expense as possible?

  - by Johan Allgoth

  I have a 500 GB file that I plan on backing up remotely. The file changes often. I'll be rsyncing it from a desktop to a server. Both can run rsync client or server. What is the proper command for this? The ones I've tried sofar has been taking forever or simply acted strange. Example and results: rsync -cv --partial --inplace --no-whole-file /desktop/file1 myserver.com::module/file1 Seems to work, but only if I do it twice (?!). Also, slow. Does the above command do the checksumming on both computers, or only on the sending one? Is it correct otherwise?

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• Production Instance : CLOSE_WAIT Connection Issue

  - by rajnikant

  I am using 10EC2 Instances behind 1 ELB. And ELB configured 80 to 8080 and 443 to 8080 port. And all 10EC2 instances having installed with Apache Tomcat, total request on ELB around 8000 to 10000 in 1 minute. I am facing problem for CLOSE_WAIT connection on 10 EC2 Instance, having Apache Tomcat. EC2 Instance Type : m1.xlarge When we restart the Apache Tomcat, all CLOSE_WAIT connections are lost, but its not proper way to work on Production Instances. Please help me out.

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• Connect to MySQL EC2 Instance outside of VPC

  - by Brian W

  I have a VPC setup with a few EC2 instances inside. I'm attempting to connect to a MySQL database on an EC2 instance outside the VPC, with no luck. I have the security groups on the VPC EC2 instances set to outbound 0.0.0.0/0 which I assumed would let it connect to any outbound connection. I also followed a tutorial on creating a NAT, but wasn't exactly sure how to use it to connect to an external database. In any case, if anyone has experience and knows the proper way to connect to a database outside the VPC, it would be greatly appreciated!

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• webmail suite recommendation

  - by hoball

  Hello, I have serveral emails in a few domains (email@domain1, email@domain2, email@domain3). Currently they are on an owned email server and I am collecting emails via IMAP protocol (i would not like to use POP..) in Thunderbird. I have a few partners and I want to allow them to access the same email address. Here is what I desired: All users can open All the inboxes via IMAP @ Thunderbird (with proper configuration) at the same time, there are a webmail system, every user can login their account (userA, userB, userC), and they will see all inboxes (email@domain1, email@domain2, email@domain3) Would you recommend any suite that fits my needs? Either (a system to be installed on my server) or (a remote service where I need to config MX records) will do. Thank you.

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• Consolidating Contacts from Multiple Services

  - by SquareWheel

  I'm looking for a good way to consolidate my many email/messenger contacts through my different accounts and services. I'd like to have all my contacts in one place, or have them sync between all my different services so they are the same everywhere. If possible, it should support Live Mail/Messenger, Google Contacts, and mobile syncing. Windows Live Mail is great for accessing all your mail accounts, but the contacts viewer only works for contacts affiliated with that Live account. I could go for the contacts folder built into Vista and above, but Live messenger doesn't access that so I would have a separate set of contacts for my IM account. Is there software, or an online service, that can do this? If this is asking to much, is there a proper solution to Live/Google Contacts bidirectional sync?

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• Does the password get sent in the clear when connecting to Sql-Server?

  - by Scott Chamberlain

  I was asked this today and I honestly did not know the answer. If you connect using a connection string without sspi to a server is there any way a 3rd party can intercept on the wire the password used to log in? "Data Source=MyServer;Initial Catalog=MyDatabase;User Id=sa;Password=CanThisBeSniffed;" I am not asking about MiTM attacks just someone listing on the same computer or on the same hub on the network with wireshark or something similar running. I fired up wireshark myself and did not see it in plain text but it could be a simple obfuscation or proper encryption, I just wanted to know which.

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• www-data can upload a file but cant move it after the upload action

  - by user70058

  I am currently running Apache and PHP on Ubuntu. I have a page where a user is supposed to upload a profile image. The action on the backend is supposed to work like this: Upload file to user directory -- WORKS! Refer to the uploaded file and create a thumbnail in directory thumbs -- DOES NOT WORK www-data has write access to directory thumbs. My guess is that www-data for some reason does not have proper access to the file that was uploaded. UPLOADED FILE PERMISSIONS -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 47057 Feb 8 23:24 0181c6e0973eb19cb0d98521a6fe1d9e71cd6daa.jpg THUMBS DIRECTORY PERMISSIONS drwxr-sr-x 2 www-data www-data 4096 Feb 8 23:23 thumbs Im at lost here. I'm new to Ubuntu as well. Any help would be greatly appreciated!

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• Can't run .net software on Samsung Omnia Pro B7330

  - by Sam

  I've got a Samsung Omnia Pro B7330, and am unable to run any program for .net compact framework on it. My last three Smartphones had been HTC brand, and all the programs I tried are just simple winform apps, which ran on all HTC phones. But not on the Omnia. Whenever I try to start an app, I get an "unexpected error" / "NotSupportedException" at: Microsoft.AGL.Common.MISC.HandleArt() System.Windows.Forms.Control._InitInstalce() System.Windows.Forms.Control..ctor() System.Windows.Forms.Button..ctor() MyApp.InitializeComponents() The proper compact framework 2.0 is already installed in the rom, installing CF 3.5 didn't change anything. Anyone can tell me whats the problem with this phone?

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• How to set global PATH on OS X Server 10.6.6?

  - by Adam Lindberg

  I'm running Tomcat on OS X Server 10.6.6 under the normal Web component that comes with the OS. This has worked fine so far, but I need to add some entries to the $PATH environment variable for programs that I want access to from the web server (more specifically, I'm running Hudson under Tomcat which needs access to build tools that I have installed). Tomcat and the Web component seems to run under the user _appserver which has a different $PATH than the administrator account. What's the proper way to add a global entry to the $PATH in OS X Server for the Web component? Preferable it should be done only once so that both the _appserver and Administrator user can access the same $PATH.

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• Cheap machine with Xen to have more than one personal dev servers with RAID option?

  - by AJ

  I do not have a lot of money so when I need a personal dev servers I decided I will use Xen on one machine to run various OS's. Although, I really like Dell Zino (http://www.dell.com/us/en/home/desktops/inspiron-zino-hd/pd.aspx?refid=inspiron-zino-hd&cs=19&s=dhs) as a very economical and compact PC which can be scaled to 8GB of RAM, I do not know how to have a RAID setup, for the backup. Is there an economical way to add a RAID setup to Dell Zino or I would have to invest in a proper box for that? Thanks for your help in advance. **Also, please let me know if this question is not meant for this forum.

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• How do I create certificates for both ends of an stunnel connection?

  - by unixman83

  Hi. I am using stunnel to authenticate RDP (Remote Desktop) and I need to verify that a client possesses the proper credentials. So people cannot brute force into the machine. I am also using a bad (outdated) version of RDP that has security vulnerabilities, so stunnel is a must. I will preshare the necessary .pem's between machines. What are the openssl commands I need to create the right .pem files on both the client and on the server? What files need to be shared?

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• Graphics Card Compatability

  - by Aaron

  I am a first time builder and while I have the basic understanding of how to put a computer together, one final thing eludes me. What are the requirements for instaling 2 or more graphics cards on a computer? Example: EVGA 015-P3-1589-AR GeForce GTX 580 (Fermi) FTW Hydro Copper 2 1536MB 384-bit GDDR5 PCI Express 2.0 x16 HDCP Ready SLI Support Video Card ECS NGTX580-1536PI-F GeForce GTX 580 (Fermi) 1536MB 384-bit GDDR5 PCI Express 2.0 x16 HDCP Ready SLI Support Video Card I am not planning on buying either of these cards in the near future. I simply am using them as an example because of the number of differences. As I understand it these two cards will work together (given the proper motherboard) because the only thing that matters is that they are both GeForce GTX 580. Is my assumption correct? If not, why?

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• Automatically distinguish difference between multiple HDDs in linux?

  - by Jakobud

  I'm running Ubuntu Server 9.10. I have two external USB HDDs. I use them each for different backup reasons. So certain data gets stored on one HDD, and different information gets stored on the other HDD. I want to make a script that can look at the external HDD can determine which HDD it is, so that it can copy the proper information to it. Is there a way for Linux to determine this? Like if I see one HDD as /dev/sdc1, then unplug it and plug in the other HDD, should Linux see it as /dev/sdd1 or will it be /dev/sdc1? I'm a bit of a Linux newb and I don't quite understand how it determines the /dev/sdxx values that it assigns to drives.

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• Copying unicode symbols from Firefox address bar as is

  - by sindikat

  Let's say I open a webpage with some Unicode characters, say, Cyrillic, in the address like this: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/??????????????_?????????????? When I try to copy it from the address bar somewhere else, it becomes unreadable rubbish: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C I guess this is for compatibility. However for readability I want to copy it straight away with proper Unicode characters. What and how should I tweak to make that possible?

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• How to type accented characters in Ubuntu 10.04 with an Apple Aluminum Keyboard

  - by jfmessier

  I installed the latest Ubuntu 10.04 and I used to have the Command, Option or Right-Ctrl keys as compose keys to write accented characters. But I find that under Ubuntu 10.04, the Compose Key is not working, even if I specify the proper Apple Keyboard. Since I cannot work with other keyboard layouts than the plain USA one along with compose keys (I never learned, and I hate, the French layout), this about my only way to input accented characters. I still have to try it with a regular keyboard to see whether there is a difference. Thanks :-)

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