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• object not getting released in iphone

  - by mohsinpathan

  NSString *strSql = @"select tblrecentsearch_id,xmlrequest,company,postcode,city,kilometer,date from tblrecentsearch"; returnValue = sqlite3_prepare_v2(database, [strSql UTF8String], -1, &selectStatement, NULL); if(returnValue == SQLITE_OK) { arrRecentSearch=[[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; while(sqlite3_step(selectStatement)==SQLITE_ROW) { Search *ObjSearch = [[Search alloc]init]; ObjSearch.intRecentSearchId = sqlite3_column_int(selectStatement, 0); ObjSearch.xmlRequest = [NSString stringWithCString:(char *)sqlite3_column_text_check(selectStatement, 1) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; ObjSearch.strCompnay=[NSString stringWithCString:(char *)sqlite3_column_text_check(selectStatement, 2) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; ObjSearch.strPostCode=[NSString stringWithCString:(char *)sqlite3_column_text_check(selectStatement, 3) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; ObjSearch.strPlace = [NSString stringWithCString:(char *)sqlite3_column_text_check(selectStatement, 4) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; ObjSearch.strKilometer = [NSString stringWithCString:(char *)sqlite3_column_text_check(selectStatement, 5) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; ObjSearch.strDate = [NSString stringWithCString:(char *)sqlite3_column_text_check(selectStatement, 6) encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; [arrRecentSearch addObject:ObjSearch]; [ObjSearch release]; } } sqlite3_finalize(selectStatement); I want release arrRecentSearch but it will return from function . How can i realese this array. Please help me.I am fetching data from databse.

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• problem with a very simple tile based game

  - by newbieguy

  Hello, I am trying to create a pacman-like game. I have an array that looks like this: array: 1111111111111 1000000000001 1111110111111 1000000000001 1111111111111 1 = Wall, 0 = Empty space I use this array to draw tiles that are 16x16 in size. The Game character is 32x32. Initially I represented the character's position in array indexes, [1,1] etc. I would update his position if array[character.new_y][charater.new_x] == 0 Then I translated these array coordinates to pixels, [y*16, x*16] to draw him. He was lining up nicely, wouldn't go into walls, but I noticed that since I was updating him by 16 pixels each, he was moving very fast. I decided to do it in reverse, to store the game character's position in pixels instead, so that he could use less than 16 pixels per move. I thought that a simple if statement such as this: if array[(character.new_pixel_y)/16][(character.new_pixel_x)/16] == 0 would prevent him from going into walls, but unfortunately he eats a bit of the bottom and right side walls. Any ideas how would I properly translate pixel position to the array indexes? I guess this is something simple, but I really can't figure it out :(

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• Gawker Passwords

  - by Nick Harrison

  There has been much news about the hack of the Gawker web sites. There has even been an analysis of the common passwords found. This list is embarrassing in many ways. The most common password was "123456". The second most common password was "password". Much has also been written providing advice on how to create good passwords. This article provides some interesting advice, none of which should be taken. Anyone reading my blog, probably already knows the importance of strong passwords, so I am not going to reiterate the reasons here. My target audience is more the folks defining password complexity requirements. A user cannot come up with a strong password, if we have complexity requirements that don't make sense. With that in mind, here are a few guidelines:  Long Passwords Insist on long passwords. In some cases, you may need to change to allow a long password. I have seen many places that cap passwords at 8 characters. Passwords need to be at least 8 characters minimal. Consider how much stronger the passwords would be if you double the length. Passwords that are 15-20 characters will be that much harder to crack. There is no need to have limit passwords to 8 characters. Don't Require Special Characters Many complexity rules will require that your password include a capital letter, a lower case letter, a number, and one of the "special" characters, the shits above the number keys. The problem with such rules is that the resulting passwords are harder to remember. It also means that you will have a smaller set of characters in the resulting passwords. If you must include one of the 9 digits and one of the 9 "special" characters, then you have dramatically reduced the character set that will make up the final password. Two characters will be one of 10 possible values instead of one of 70. Two additional characters will be one of 26 possible characters instead of a 70 character potential character set. If you limit passwords to 8 characters, you are left with only 7 characters having the full set of 70 potential values. With these character restrictions in place, there are 1.6 x1012 possible passwords. Without these special character restrictions, but allowing numbers and special characters, you get a total of 5.76x1014 possible passwords. Even if you only allowed upper and lower case characters, you will still have 2.18X1014 passwords. You can do the math any number of ways, requiring special characters will always weaken passwords. Now imagine the number of passwords when you require more than 8 characters.  If you are responsible for defining complexity rules, I urge you to take these guidelines into account. What other guidelines do you follow?

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• How do you stop OgreBullet Capsule from falling over?

  - by Nathan Baggs

  I've just started implementing bullet into my Ogre project. I followed the install instructions here: http://www.ogre3d.org/tikiwiki/OgreBullet+Tutorial+1 And the rest if the tutorial here: http://www.ogre3d.org/tikiwiki/OgreBullet+Tutorial+2 I got that to work fine however now I wanted to extend it to a handle a first person camera. I created a CapsuleShape and a Rigid Body (like the tutorial did for the boxes) however when I run the game the capsule falls over and rolls around on the floor, causing the camera swing wildly around. I need a way to fix the capsule to always stay upright, but I have no idea how Below is the code I'm using. (part of) Header File OgreBulletDynamics::DynamicsWorld *mWorld; // OgreBullet World OgreBulletCollisions::DebugDrawer *debugDrawer; std::deque<OgreBulletDynamics::RigidBody *> mBodies; std::deque<OgreBulletCollisions::CollisionShape *> mShapes; OgreBulletCollisions::CollisionShape *character; OgreBulletDynamics::RigidBody *characterBody; Ogre::SceneNode *charNode; Ogre::Camera* mCamera; Ogre::SceneManager* mSceneMgr; Ogre::RenderWindow* mWindow; main file bool MinimalOgre::go(void) { ... mCamera = mSceneMgr->createCamera("PlayerCam"); mCamera->setPosition(Vector3(0,0,0)); mCamera->lookAt(Vector3(0,0,300)); mCamera->setNearClipDistance(5); mCameraMan = new OgreBites::SdkCameraMan(mCamera); OgreBulletCollisions::CollisionShape *Shape; Shape = new OgreBulletCollisions::StaticPlaneCollisionShape(Vector3(0,1,0), 0); // (normal vector, distance) OgreBulletDynamics::RigidBody *defaultPlaneBody = new OgreBulletDynamics::RigidBody( "BasePlane", mWorld); defaultPlaneBody->setStaticShape(Shape, 0.1, 0.8); // (shape, restitution, friction) // push the created objects to the deques mShapes.push_back(Shape); mBodies.push_back(defaultPlaneBody); character = new OgreBulletCollisions::CapsuleCollisionShape(1.0f, 1.0f, Vector3(0, 1, 0)); charNode = mSceneMgr->getRootSceneNode()->createChildSceneNode(); charNode->attachObject(mCamera); charNode->setPosition(mCamera->getPosition()); characterBody = new OgreBulletDynamics::RigidBody("character", mWorld); characterBody->setShape( charNode, character, 0.0f, // dynamic body restitution 10.0f, // dynamic body friction 10.0f, // dynamic bodymass Vector3(0,0,0), Quaternion(0, 0, 1, 0)); mShapes.push_back(character); mBodies.push_back(characterBody); ... }

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• Why is Spritebatch drawing my Textures out of order?

  - by Andrew

  I just started working with XNA Studio after programming 2D games in java. Because of this, I have absolutely no experience with Spritebatch and sprite sorting. In java, I could just layer the images by calling the draw methods in order. For a while, my Spritebatch was working fine in deferred sorting mode, but when I made a change to one of my textures, it suddenly started drawing them out of order. I have searched for a solution to this problem, but nothing seems to work. I have tried adding layer depths to the sprites and changing the sort mode to BackToFront or FrontToBack or even immediate, but nothing seems to work. Here is my drawing code: protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Gray); Game1.spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Deferred, BlendState.AlphaBlend, SamplerState.PointClamp, null, null); for (int x = 0; x < 5; x++) { for (int y = 0; y < 5; y++) { region[x, y].draw(((float)w / aw)); // Draws the Tile-Based background } } player.draw(spriteBatch, ((float)w / aw));//draws the character (This method is where the problem occurs) enemy.draw(spriteBatch, (float)w/aw); // draws a basic enemy Game1.spriteBatch.End(); base.Draw(gameTime); } player.draw method: public void draw(SpriteBatch sb, float ratio){ //draws the player base (The character without hair or equipment) sb.Draw(playerbase[0], new Rectangle((int)(pos.X - (24 * ratio)), (int)(pos.Y - (48 * ratio)), (int)(48 * ratio), (int)(48 * ratio)), new Rectangle(orientation * 48, animFrame * 48, 48, 48), Color.White,0,Vector2.Zero,SpriteEffects.None,0); //draws the player's hair sb.Draw(playerbase[3], new Rectangle((int)(pos.X - (24 * ratio)), (int)(pos.Y - (48 * ratio)), (int)(48 * ratio), (int)(48 * ratio)), new Rectangle(orientation * 48, animFrame * 48, 48, 48), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, SpriteEffects.None, 0); //draws the player's shirt sb.Draw(equipment[0], new Rectangle((int)(pos.X - (24 * ratio)), (int)(pos.Y - (48 * ratio)), (int)(48 * ratio), (int)(48 * ratio)), new Rectangle(orientation * 48, animFrame * 48, 48, 48), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, SpriteEffects.None, 0); //draws the player's pants sb.Draw(equipment[1], new Rectangle((int)(pos.X - (24 * ratio)), (int)(pos.Y - (48 * ratio)), (int)(48 * ratio), (int)(48 * ratio)), new Rectangle(orientation * 48, animFrame * 48, 48, 48), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, SpriteEffects.None, 0); //draws the player's shoes sb.Draw(equipment[2], new Rectangle((int)(pos.X - (24 * ratio)), (int)(pos.Y - (48 * ratio)), (int)(48 * ratio), (int)(48 * ratio)), new Rectangle(orientation * 48, animFrame * 48, 48, 48), Color.White, 0, Vector2.Zero, SpriteEffects.None, 0); } the game has a top-down perspective much like the early legend of zelda games. It draws sections of the texture depending on which direction the character is facing and the animation frame. However, instead of drawing the character in the order the draw methods are called, it ends up drawing the character out of order. Please help me with this problem.

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• WebCenter Customer Spotlight: Marvel

  - by me

  Author: Peter Reiser - Social Business Evangelist, Oracle WebCenter  Solution SummaryMarvel Entertainment, LLC (Marvel) is one of the world's most prominent character-based entertainment companies, built on a proven library of over 8,000 characters featured in a variety of media over seventy years. The customer wanted to optimize their brand licensing process, so Marvel worked with Oracle WebCenter partner Fishbowl Solutions and implemented a centralized Content Hub based on Oracle WebCenter Content. The 100% web based secure Intranet/Partner Extranet solution is now managing the entire life cycle of the brand licensing process. Marvel and their brand licensees have  now complete visibility of brand license operations including the history of approval request and related content.  Company OverviewMarvel Entertainment, LLC (Marvel) a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company, is one of the world's most prominent character-based entertainment companies, built on a proven library of over 8,000 characters featured in a variety of media over seventy years.  Marvel utilizes its character franchises in entertainment, licensing and publishing.   Sample  characters:    - Spider-Man    - Iron Man    - Captain America    - X-MEN    - Thor    - Avengers    - And a host of others  Business ChallengesMarvel wanted to optimize their brand licensing process for their characters and had following business requirements : Facilitating content worldwide Scalable and flexible infrastructure to manage multiple content types and huge file sizes Optimize the licensing process workflow trough automatic notifications, tracking reviews, issuing approvals, etc. Solution DeployedMarvel worked with Oracle WebCenter partner Fishbowl Solutions and implemented a centralized Content Hub based on Oracle WebCenter Content. The 100% web based secure Intranet/Partner Extranet solution is now managing the entire life cycle of the brand licensing process. The internal users can now manage all digital assets related to a character trough proper categorization of all items, workflow based review and approval of branding styles and a powerful search and retrieval service. The licensees of Marvel brands can now online develop and submit  concepts and prototypes which are reviewed and approved using a collaborative process. Business ResultMarvel and their brand licensees have now complete visibility of brand license operations including the history of approval request and related content. The character brand related content is now in the right place, at the right time at the user's fingertips with highly improved quality. Additional Information Marvel Open World Presentation Oracle WebCenter Content

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• OpenGL ES 2 jittery camera movement

  - by user16547

  First of all, I am aware that there's no camera in OpenGL (ES 2), but from my understanding proper manipulation of the projection matrix can simulate the concept of a camera. What I'm trying to do is make my camera follow my character. My game is 2D, btw. I think the principle is the following (take Super Mario Bros or Doodle Jump as reference - actually I'm trying to replicate the mechanics of the latter): when the caracter goes beyond the center of the screen (in the positive axis/direction), update the camera to be centred on the character. Else keep the camera still. I did accomplish that, however the camera movement is noticeably jittery and I ran out of ideas how to make it smoother. First of all, my game loop (following this article): private int TICKS_PER_SECOND = 30; private int SKIP_TICKS = 1000 / TICKS_PER_SECOND; private int MAX_FRAMESKIP = 5; @Override public void run() { loops = 0; if(firstLoop) { nextGameTick = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(); firstLoop = false; } while(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() > nextGameTick && loops < MAX_FRAMESKIP) { step(); nextGameTick += SKIP_TICKS; loops++; } interpolation = ( SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() + SKIP_TICKS - nextGameTick ) / (float)SKIP_TICKS; draw(); } And the following code deals with moving the camera. I was unsure whether to place it in step() or draw(), but it doesn't make a difference to my problem at the moment, as I tried both and neither seemed to fix it. center just represents the y coordinate of the centre of the screen at any time. Initially it is 0. The camera object is my own custom "camera" which basically is a class that just manipulates the view and projection matrices. if(character.getVerticalSpeed() >= 0) { //only update camera if going up float[] projectionMatrix = camera.getProjectionMatrix(); if( character.getY() > center) { center += character.getVerticalSpeed(); cameraBottom = center + camera.getBottom(); cameraTop = center + camera.getTop(); Matrix.orthoM(projectionMatrix, 0, camera.getLeft(), camera.getRight(), center + camera.getBottom(), center + camera.getTop(), camera.getNear(), camera.getFar()); } } Any thought about what I should try or what I am doing wrong? Update 1: I think I updated every value you can see on screen to check whether the jittery movement is affected by that, but nothing changed, so something must be fundamentally flawed with my approach/calculations.

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• MIPS: removing non alpha-numeric characters from a string

  - by Kron

  I'm in the process of writing a program in MIPS that will determine whether or not a user entered string is a palindrome. It has three subroutines which are under construction. Here is the main block of code, subroutines to follow with relevant info: .data Buffer: .asciiz " " # 80 bytes in Buffer intro: .asciiz "Hello, please enter a string of up to 80 characters. I will then tell you if that string was a palindrome!" .text main: li $v0, 4 # print_string call number la $a0, intro # pointer to string in memory syscall li $v0, 8 #syscall code for reading string la $a0, Buffer #save read string into buffer li $a1, 80 #string is 80 bytes long syscall li $s0, 0 #i = 0 li $t0, 80 #max for i to reach la $a0, Buffer jal stripNonAlpha li $v0, 4 # print_string call number la $a0, Buffer # pointer to string in memory syscall li $s0, 0 jal findEnd jal toUpperCase li $v0, 4 # print_string call number la $a0, Buffer # pointer to string in memory syscall Firstly, it's supposed to remove all non alpha-numeric characters from the string before hand, but when it encounters a character designated for removal, all characters after that are removed. stripNonAlpha: beq $s0, $t0, stripEnd #if i = 80 end add $t4, $s0, $a0 #address of Buffer[i] in $t4 lb $s1, 0($t4) #load value of Buffer[i] addi $s0, $s0, 1 #i = i + 1 slti $t1, $s1, 48 #if ascii code is less than 48 bne $t1, $zero, strip #remove ascii character slti $t1, $s1, 58 #if ascii code is greater than 57 #and slti $t2, $s1, 65 #if ascii code is less than 65 slt $t3, $t1, $t2 bne $t3, $zero, strip #remove ascii character slti $t1, $s1, 91 #if ascii code is greater than 90 #and slti $t2, $s1, 97 #if ascii code is less than 97 slt $t3, $t1, $t2 bne $t3, $zero, strip #remove ascii character slti $t1, $s1, 123 #if ascii character is greater than 122 beq $t1, $zero, strip #remove ascii character j stripNonAlpha #go to stripNonAlpha strip: #add $t5, $s0, $a0 #address of Buffer[i] in $t5 sb $0, 0($t4) #Buffer[i] = 0 #addi $s0, $s0, 1 #i = i + 1 j stripNonAlpha #go to stripNonAlpha stripEnd: la $a0, Buffer #save modified string into buffer jr $ra #return Secondly, it is supposed to convert all lowercase characters to uppercase. toUpperCase: beq $s0, $s2, upperEnd add $t4, $s0, $a0 lb $s1, 0($t4) addi $s1, $s1, 1 slti $t1, $s1, 97 #beq $t1, $zero, upper slti $t2, $s1, 123 slt $t3, $t1, $t2 bne $t1, $zero, upper j toUpperCase upper: add $t5, $s0, $a0 addi $t6, $t6, -32 sb $t6, 0($t5) j toUpperCase upperEnd: la $a0, Buffer jr $ra The final subroutine, which checks if the string is a palindrome isn't anywhere near complete at the moment. I'm having trouble finding the end of the string because I'm not sure what PC-SPIM uses as the carriage return character. Any help is appreciated, I have the feeling most of my problems result from something silly and stupid so feel free to point out anything, no matter how small.

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• Damaged data when gzipping

  - by RadiantHeart

  This is the script I hva written for gzipping content on my site, which is located in 'gzip.php'. The way i use it is that on pages where I want to enable gzipping i include the file at the top and at the bottom i call the output function like this: print_gzipped_page('javascript') If the file is a css-file i use 'css' as the $type-argument and if its a php file i call the function without declaring any arguments. The script works fine in all browsers except Opera which gives an error saying it could not decode the page due to damaged data. Can anyone tell me what I have done wrong? <?php function print_gzipped_page($type = false) { if(headers_sent()){ $encoding = false; } elseif( strpos($_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING'], 'x-gzip') !== false ){ $encoding = 'x-gzip'; } elseif( strpos($_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING'],'gzip') !== false ){ $encoding = 'gzip'; } else{ $encoding = false; } if ($type!=false) { $type_header_array = array("css" => "Content-Type: text/css", "javascript" => "Content-Type: application/x-javascript"); $type_header = $type_header_array[$type]; } $contents = ob_get_contents(); ob_end_clean(); $etag = '"' . md5($contents) . '"'; $etag_header = 'Etag: ' . $etag; header($etag_header); if ($type!=false) { header($type_header); } if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_IF_NONE_MATCH']) and $_SERVER['HTTP_IF_NONE_MATCH']==$etag) { header("HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified"); exit(); } if($encoding){ header('Content-Encoding: '.$encoding); print("\x1f\x8b\x08\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"); $size = strlen($contents); $contents = gzcompress($contents, 9); $contents = substr($contents, 0, $size); } echo $contents; exit(); } ob_start(); ob_implicit_flush(0); ?> Additional info: The script works if the length og the document beeing compressed is only 10-15 characters.

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• Bash vs. Gnu screen : Replace Ctrl-A with Ctrl-Shift-A

  - by Stefan Lasiewski

  I'm a new user to GNU Screen. I've been using Bash for a very long time, and I want to give GNU Screen a try. As you know, GNU Screen uses 'C-a' (Control-A) as as the command character. Trouble is, this interferes with the Line Editing feature in Bash (and GNU Readline), because Control-A in Bash will Move to the start of the line." I know I can set the Command Character to another key sequence, like "^Q" or "``" (Backtick), but I have trouble finding another key sequence which isn't already in use (^Q is used by the terminal, backtick is used when writing shell scripts). It appears that the Command Character may only be one or two characters in length. Can I set the GNU Screen control character to be something like "Control-Shift-A"? (I can't use more then one hyperlink yet, so I cannot link to the Bash documentation)

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• grep -v -A not working properly (actually not working at all)

  - by Lo'oris

  I have to filter lines like the following: [javac] /Users/looris/Sviluppo/android/projects/toutry/src/net/looris/toutry/Stuff.java:23: warning: unmappable character for encoding ascii [javac] return (poked=false); // NOTA: è un'assegnazione, non un controllo! [javac] ^ I've tried |grep -v -A2 "unmappable character for encoding ascii" but it just does nothing. If I just do |grep -v "unmappable character for encoding ascii" it does filter that line, but I need to filter the following two lines too. (using "grep (GNU grep) 2.5.1" under OSX 10.5)

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• Using AddEncoding x-gzip .gz without actual files

  - by STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED

  With Apache (2.2 and later) how can I achieve the following. I want to transparently compress using GZip encoding (not plain Deflate) the output when a certain file is queried with its name plus the extension .gz, where the .gz version doesn't physically exist on disk. So let's say I have a file named /path/foo.bar and no file foo.bar.gz in the folder to which the URI /path maps, how can I get Apache to serve the contents of /path/foo.bar but with AddEncoding x-gzip ... applied to the (non-existing) file? The rewrite part appears to be easy, but the problem is how to apply the encoding to a non-existent item. The other way around also seems to be simple as long as the client supports the encoding. Is the only solution really a script that does this on the fly? I'm aware of mod_deflate and mod_gzip and it is not what I'm looking for - at least not alone. In particular I need an actual GZIP file and not just a deflated stream. Now I was thinking of using mod_ext_filter, but couldn't bridge the gap between rewriting the name of the (non-existent) file.gz to file on one side and the LocationMatch on the other. Here's what I have. RewriteRule ^(.*?\.ext)\.gz$ $1 [L] ExtFilterDefine gzip mode=output cmd="/bin/gzip" <LocationMatch "/my-files/special-path/.*?\.ext\.gz"> AddType application/octet-stream .ext.gz SetOutputFilter gzip Header set Content-Encoding gzip </LocationMatch> Note that the header for Content-Encoding isn't really needed by the clients in this case. They expect to see actual GZIP files, but I want to do this on-the-fly without caching (this is a test scenario).

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• Excel Smart Find and Replace only specific characters

  - by Asim

  I want to change INT to INTERNATIONAL and NA to NATIONAL ASSEMBLY in whole excel workbook through an excel Macro or Find and Replace dialogue box. But when I run the macro or change it through Find and Replace dialogue box it also replace NA from CHINA last 2 characters and it became CHINATIONAL ASSEMBLY and INTERIOR to INTERNATIONALERIOR. Now, I want that Excel should only smartly find the character NA in the workbook which is not included with any other character likewise character INT which is not attach to any other character. I would be grateful if anyone give any formula, Excel Macro or anything else to overcome this issue. Thanks,

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• How mod_cache working with "must-revalidate" and "max-age"?

  - by Dmitriy Sosunov

  Quick question before I will explain my flow: ?an mod_cache perform revalidate with if-none-match only if max-age is expired in case if it configured in reverse proxy mode? My goal is to reduce a number of revalidation requests to our the origin server. For instance: The first request goes to the origin server and then mod_cache save a response in to the cache according to header cache-control: max-age. And only when max-age is expired then mod_cache will revalidate with if-none-match. Currently, mod_cache revalidate each request, regardless that max-age is defined or not. My configuration of Apache 2.4.3 (Windows), on linux I see the same behavior that I will show below. ServerName proxy.lo ProxyRequests Off ProxyPreserveHost Off Header set Vary "Accept, Content-Type, Content-Encoding, Accept-Language" RequestHeader set X-Forwarded-Proto "http" # modify header for user agent's Header set Cache-Control "private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform" CacheQuickHandler off CacheDefaultExpire 300 # the origin server do not provide last-modified CacheIgnoreNoLastMod On CacheIgnoreCacheControl On # the origin server define cache-control: private, no-store only for user agents # Therefore, I would like ignore those headers on the proxy server. CacheStorePrivate On CacheStoreNoStore On CacheEnable disk / CacheRoot "C:/Apache.Cache" CacheDirLevels 5 CacheDirLength 4 CacheMinExpire 15 CacheDetailHeader on CacheHeader on KeepAlive Off ProxyPass / http://origin.lo/ ProxyPassReverse / http://origin.lo/ Also, I have turned on debug log level to see how mod_cache handles a content for caching: I provided this to show that mod_proxy always decides that a content isn't fresh. Why?I provided this to show that mod_proxy always decide that a content isn't fresh. Why? max-age was provided (see below). [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] cache_storage.c(624): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00698: cache: Key for entity /testpage?(null) is http://proxy.lo/testpage? [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache_disk:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache_disk.c(569): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00709: Recalled cached URL info header http://proxy.lo/testpage? [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache_disk:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache_disk.c(865): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00720: Recalled headers for URL http://proxy.lo/testpage? [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] cache_storage.c(320): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00695: Cached response for /testpage isn't fresh. Adding/replacing conditional request headers. [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(414): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00757: Adding CACHE_SAVE filter for /testpage [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(448): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00759: Adding CACHE_REMOVE_URL filter for /testpage [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_proxy.c(1068): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH01143: Running scheme http handler (attempt 0) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(1976): AH00942: HTTP: has acquired connection for (origin.lo) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(2029): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00944: connecting http://origin.lo/testpage to origin.lo:80 [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.901890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(2151): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00947: connected /testpage to origin.lo:80 [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.901890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(2554): AH00962: HTTP: connection complete to 192.168.1.100:80 (origin.lo) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(1991): AH00943: http: has released connection for (origin.lo) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [headers:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_headers.c(800): AH01502: headers: ap_headers_output_filter() [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(1190): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00769: cache: Caching url: /testpage [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(1196): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00770: cache: Removing CACHE_REMOVE_URL filter. [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.904890 2012] [cache_disk:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache_disk.c(1318): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00737: commit_entity: Headers and body for URL http://proxy.lo/testpage? cached. The first request to the origin server without mod_proxy to http://origin.lo/ GET http://origin.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: origin.lo Connection: keep-alive User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 The first response from the origin without mod_proxy HTTP/1.1 200 OK Cache-Control: must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate, max-age=30 Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5 X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319 X-Powered-By: ASP.NET Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:11:01 GMT Content-Length: 1877 So, I assumed that revalidation must be occur only in 30 seconds after the success response. Is't right? Let's check it:) Within 30 sec, the Google Chrome didn't perform any requests to the origin server to revalidate a request and has return the response from local cache. When max-age is expired, the Google Chrome perform a request to revalidate: GET http://origin.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: origin.lo Connection: keep-alive Cache-Control: max-age=0 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/xml If-None-Match: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 and response: HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified Cache-Control: must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate, max-age=30 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5 X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319 X-Powered-By: ASP.NET Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:16:20 GMT As you can see, all works as expected. User agent revalidates request only when max-age is expired. Let's now try perform the folling flow though mod_proxy (see configuration above). The first request: GET http://proxy.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: proxy.lo Connection: keep-alive User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 and the response was: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:23:36 GMT Server: Apache Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Content-Length: 1932 Vary: Accept,Content-Type,Content-Encoding,Accept-Language X-Cache: MISS from proxy.lo X-Cache-Detail: "cache miss: attempting entity save" from proxy.lo Connection: close Ok, let's see to the disk cache and try to see how request and response was stored. (I cut binary data) http://proxy.lo/testpage? Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:27:15 GMT Content-Length: 1932 Vary: Accept, Content-Type, Content-Encoding, Accept-Language Host: proxy.lo User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 X-Forwarded-Proto: http Cache-Control: max-age=300, must-revalidate X-Forwarded-For: 192.168.1.100 X-Forwarded-Host: proxy.lo X-Forwarded-Server: origin.lo Ok, what we see? We see that the first request was performed with max-age=300 & must-revalidate Ok, looks good, as for me, lets perform the next call: GET http://proxy.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: proxy.lo Connection: keep-alive User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 and the second response from mod_proxy: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:31:58 GMT Server: Apache Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Content-Length: 1932 Vary: Accept,Content-Type,Content-Encoding,Accept-Language X-Cache: REVALIDATE from proxy.lo X-Cache-Detail: "conditional cache hit: entity refreshed" from proxy.lo Connection: close Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 SO, MY QUESTION IS: WHY mod_proxy perform revalidation on each request regardless that max-age is defined? N.B. Apache 2.4.3 Thanks, I would be grateful for any help.

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• mod_deflate Supported Encodings for Compression

  - by sparc

  It seems to me, that mod_deflate in Apache 2.2 will always return: Content-Encoding: gzip and never: Content-Encoding: deflate It was explained to me, that although there may be a deflate algorithm, mod_deflate is named after a file-format, in which the algorithm could be any of: gzip, bzip. pkzip Of those three, mod_deflate provides gzip. It seems as though gzip is the most popular and widely-supported algorithm in web browsers, but I know some web servers and proxies do return Content-Encoding: deflate. Aside from the confusion of the module's name, it true that mod_deflate will only return Content-Encoding: gzip? Thank you.

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• How do I hook into Tar with BASH?

  - by orb

  Long Story Short I am working with Tar archives that contain PNG images in base64 encoding. I would like to use BASH (or whatever else works) to hook into the extraction function of Tar to decode PNG images from base64 encoding to standard PNG encoding after the files are unpacked. A simple cat $input-file | base64 -d >$output-file will successfully decode the images. Is there a way I can hook into tar -xf so that users do not have to do any (or minimal) extra work to decode the images? In the GNU Tar documentation (http://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/html_chapter/Backups.html#SEC97) I found that there are in fact variables reserved to hold the names of functions I desire to be hooked into various moments in Tar program execution. However, the documentation explains that these variables, along with other variables that can be set to configure Tar, are located in a file named backup-specs. Unfortunately, the path to this file is not given. Further, running sudo find / -name backup-specs tells me that this file is not present on my Ubuntu version 13.04 system. Background Information not included in the Long Story Short I have been working on a browser-based (WebGL) particle effect creation application (http://www.particleeffect.org), (https://github.com/cgrabowski/webgl-particle-effect-editor), (https://github.com/cgrabowski/webgl-particle-effect). I have began to write a client-side-only solution for saving and loading effect data as a tar archive. However, since client-side JavaScript has limited capability to process binary data, the images used as textures in the effect are saved with base64 encoding. I have been able to implement saving effect data as a Tar archive (haven't pushed that to Github yet). However, the images present in said Tar archive cannot be manipulated unless they are decoded from base64 encoding.

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• Issues with SSL key on CentOS

  - by yummm

  When trying to install a SSL key on my centos server, apache refuses to restart and I see the following errors in my log. [Tue Mar 16 22:32:58 2010] [error] Init: Private key not found [Tue Mar 16 22:32:58 2010] [error] SSL Library Error: 218710120 error:0D094068:asn1 encoding routines:d2i_ASN1_SET:bad tag [Tue Mar 16 22:32:58 2010] [error] SSL Library Error: 218529960 error:0D0680A8:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_CHECK_TLEN:wrong tag [Tue Mar 16 22:32:58 2010] [error] SSL Library Error: 218595386 error:0D07803A:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_ITEM_EX_D2I:nested asn1 error [Tue Mar 16 22:32:58 2010] [error] SSL Library Error: 218734605 error:0D09A00D:asn1 encoding routines:d2i_PrivateKey:ASN1 lib What exactly does this mean? Is my SSL key bad? If so, what is the correct way to upload the key to the server? I just opened the crt file in notepad and copied the data out and saved it over ssh.

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• Google Chrome shows garbage text instead of web page

  - by Sarfraz Ahmed

  On some websites, I receive garbage text instead of web page itself. I have noticed that this only happens for pages that are served with Content-Encoding set to GZIP or chunked headers, see the image please: I am using latest version 22.0.1229.94 of Chrome with Windows 7 Ultimaate. The encoding of browser is set to UTF-8. (I also tried changing encoding to Western, etc but same result) Can anyone suggest a solution to this? Thanks

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• Is zip's encryption really bad?

  - by Nifle

  The standard advice for many years regarding compression and encryption has been that the encryption strength of zip is bad. Is this really the case in this day and age? I read this article about WinZip (it has had the same bad reputation). According to that article the problem is removed provided you follow a few rules when choosing your password. At least 12 characters in length Be random not contain any dictionary, common words or names At least one Upper Case Character Have at least one Lower Case Character Have at least one Numeric Character Have at least one Special Character e.g. $,£,*,%,&,! This would result in roughly 475,920,314,814,253,000,000,000 possible combinations to brute force Please provide recent (say past five years) links to back up your information.

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• YSLow says certain CSS are not gzipped

  - by rhand

  YSlow keeps on telling me files like http://www.example.com/wp-content/plugins/q-and-a/css/q-a-plus.css?ver=1.0.6.2 are not gzipped while the gzip test tool at Feed the Bot mentions I am all good: Compressed? Yes Compression type gzip Page size (Bytes) 32,493 Compressed size (Bytes) -1 Saving (Bytes) 32,494 Compression % 100% I added this to my .htaccess: # Gzip <ifModule mod_gzip.c> mod_gzip_on Yes mod_gzip_dechunk Yes mod_gzip_item_include file .(html?|txt|css|js|php|pl)$ mod_gzip_item_include handler ^cgi-script$ mod_gzip_item_include mime ^text/.* mod_gzip_item_include mime ^application/x-javascript.* mod_gzip_item_exclude mime ^image/.* mod_gzip_item_exclude rspheader ^Content-Encoding:.*gzip.* </ifModule> #Deflate <ifmodule mod_deflate.c> AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/text text/html text/plain text/xml text/css application/x-javascript application/javascript </ifmodule> The header for the file mentioned states: CF-Cache-Status MISS CF-RAY 13945df90a9a0c1d-AMS Cache-Control public, max-age=2592000 Connection keep-alive Content-Encoding gzip Content-Type application/javascript Date Thu, 12 Jun 2014 07:34:38 GMT Expires Sat, 12 Jul 2014 07:34:38 GMT Last-Modified Thu, 21 Feb 2013 01:29:18 GMT Server cloudflare-nginx Transfer-Encoding chunked Vary Accept-Encoding Any ideas what I am missing here?

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• Redirect from folder containing website

  - by Sam

  I have a website reached from this url: http://www.mysite.com/cms/index.php being served from this directory: public_html/cms/index.php In public_html I have this .htaccess RewriteRule (.*) cms/$1 [L] Which lets me get to the site like this: http://www.mysite.com/index.php But now if I reference the 'old' address, I'd like to redirect to the rewritten address with a permanent redirect code. for example: http://www.mysite.com/cms/?q=node/1 is redirected to... http://www.mysite.com/?q=node/1 How can I make this happen? EDIT: Also in the .htaccess file supplied with Drupal(cms), this is written. I've tried enabling it, but it doesn't seem to have any effect. # Modify the RewriteBase if you are using Drupal in a subdirectory or in a # VirtualDocumentRoot and the rewrite rules are not working properly. # For example if your site is at http://example.com/drupal uncomment and # modify the following line: # RewriteBase /drupal EDIT: Including more of my .htaccess file - seems relevant. # Block access to "hidden" directories whose names begin with a period. RewriteRule "(^|/)\." - [F] #Strip cms folder from url RewriteRule (.*) cms/$1 RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !=/favicon.ico RewriteRule ^ index.php [L] # Rules to correctly serve gzip compressed CSS and JS files. # Requires both mod_rewrite and mod_headers to be enabled. <IfModule mod_headers.c> # Serve gzip compressed CSS files if they exist and the client accepts gzip. RewriteCond %{HTTP:Accept-encoding} gzip RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.gz -s RewriteRule ^(.*)\.css $1\.css\.gz [QSA] # Serve gzip compressed JS files if they exist and the client accepts gzip. RewriteCond %{HTTP:Accept-encoding} gzip RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.gz -s RewriteRule ^(.*)\.js $1\.js\.gz [QSA] # Serve correct content types, and prevent mod_deflate double gzip. RewriteRule \.css\.gz$ - [T=text/css,E=no-gzip:1] RewriteRule \.js\.gz$ - [T=text/javascript,E=no-gzip:1] <FilesMatch "(\.js\.gz|\.css\.gz)$"> # Serve correct encoding type. Header append Content-Encoding gzip # Force proxies to cache gzipped & non-gzipped css/js files separately. Header append Vary Accept-Encoding </FilesMatch>

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• duplicate cache pages: Varnish

  - by Sukhjinder Singh

  Recently we have configured Varnish on our server, it was successfully setup but we noticed that if we open any page in multiple browsers, the Varnish send request to Apache not matter page is cached or not. If we refresh twice on each browser it creates duplicate copies of the same page. What exactly should happen: If any page is cached by Varnish, the subsequent request should be served from Varnish itself when we are opening the same page in browser OR we are opening that page from different IP address. Following is my default.vcl file backend default { .host = "127.0.0.1"; .port = "80"; } sub vcl_recv { if( req.url ~ "^/search/.*$") { }else { set req.url = regsub(req.url, "\?.*", ""); } if (req.restarts == 0) { if (req.http.x-forwarded-for) { set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = req.http.X-Forwarded-For + ", " + client.ip; } else { set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = client.ip; } } if (!req.backend.healthy) { unset req.http.Cookie; } set req.grace = 6h; if (req.url ~ "^/status\.php$" || req.url ~ "^/update\.php$" || req.url ~ "^/admin$" || req.url ~ "^/admin/.*$" || req.url ~ "^/flag/.*$" || req.url ~ "^.*/ajax/.*$" || req.url ~ "^.*/ahah/.*$") { return (pass); } if (req.url ~ "(?i)\.(pdf|asc|dat|txt|doc|xls|ppt|tgz|csv|png|gif|jpeg|jpg|ico|swf|css|js)(\?.*)?$") { unset req.http.Cookie; } if (req.http.Cookie) { set req.http.Cookie = ";" + req.http.Cookie; set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "; +", ";"); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, ";(SESS[a-z0-9]+|SSESS[a-z0-9]+|NO_CACHE)=", "; \1="); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, ";[^ ][^;]*", ""); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "^[; ]+|[; ]+$", ""); if (req.http.Cookie == "") { unset req.http.Cookie; } else { return (pass); } } if (req.request != "GET" && req.request != "HEAD" && req.request != "PUT" && req.request != "POST" && req.request != "TRACE" && req.request != "OPTIONS" && req.request != "DELETE") {return(pipe);} /* Non-RFC2616 or CONNECT which is weird. */ if (req.request != "GET" && req.request != "HEAD") { return (pass); } if (req.http.Accept-Encoding) { if (req.url ~ "\.(jpg|png|gif|gz|tgz|bz2|tbz|mp3|ogg)$") { # No point in compressing these remove req.http.Accept-Encoding; } else if (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "gzip") { set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "gzip"; } else if (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "deflate") { set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "deflate"; } else { # unknown algorithm remove req.http.Accept-Encoding; } } return (lookup); } sub vcl_deliver { if (obj.hits > 0) { set resp.http.X-Varnish-Cache = "HIT"; } else { set resp.http.X-Varnish-Cache = "MISS"; } } sub vcl_fetch { if (beresp.status == 404 || beresp.status == 301 || beresp.status == 500) { set beresp.ttl = 10m; } if (req.url ~ "(?i)\.(pdf|asc|dat|txt|doc|xls|ppt|tgz|csv|png|gif|jpeg|jpg|ico|swf|css|js)(\?.*)?$") { unset beresp.http.set-cookie; } set beresp.grace = 6h; } sub vcl_hash { hash_data(req.url); if (req.http.host) { hash_data(req.http.host); } else { hash_data(server.ip); } return (hash); } sub vcl_pipe { set req.http.connection = "close"; } sub vcl_hit { if (req.request == "PURGE") {ban_url(req.url); error 200 "Purged";} if (!obj.ttl > 0s) {return(pass);} } sub vcl_miss { if (req.request == "PURGE") {error 200 "Not in cache";} }

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• Hide non printable characters in vim

  - by knittl

  Vim shows non-printable characters prefixed with a ^ (for instance ^@ for a NUL byte). I have a column based file containing both printable and non-printable characters which is difficult to read, since each non-printable character shifts all remaining columns one character to the right. Is there a way to hide non-printable characters or simply display a placeholder char instead? I also don't mind having every character be represented by two characters.

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• Weird problem in windows XP - apostrophes and double quotes don't show up until the key has been pre

  - by user31284

  When I type a single double quote, no character is displayed. if I type another character, the apostrophe and the next character appear at the same time. This applies to double quotes (") and apostrophes ('). What could possibly be causing this? This occurs in all applications I have tested - wordpad, firefox, ms word etc.

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• "const char *" is incompatible with parameter of type "LPCWSTR" error

  - by N0xus

  I'm trying to incorporate some code from Programming an RTS Game With Direct3D into my game. Before anyone says it, I know the book is kinda old, but it's the particle effects system he creates that I'm trying to use. With his shader class, he intialise it thusly: void SHADER::Init(IDirect3DDevice9 *Dev, const char fName[], int typ) { m_pDevice = Dev; m_type = typ; if(m_pDevice == NULL)return; // Assemble and set the pixel or vertex shader HRESULT hRes; LPD3DXBUFFER Code = NULL; LPD3DXBUFFER ErrorMsgs = NULL; if(m_type == PIXEL_SHADER) hRes = D3DXCompileShaderFromFile(fName, NULL, NULL, "Main", "ps_2_0", D3DXSHADER_DEBUG, &Code, &ErrorMsgs, &m_pConstantTable); else hRes = D3DXCompileShaderFromFile(fName, NULL, NULL, "Main", "vs_2_0", D3DXSHADER_DEBUG, &Code, &ErrorMsgs, &m_pConstantTable); } How ever, this generates the following error: Error 1 error C2664: 'D3DXCompileShaderFromFileW' : cannot convert parameter 1 from 'const char []' to 'LPCWSTR' The compiler states the issue is with fName in the D3DXCompileShaderFromFile line. I know this has something to do with the character set, and my program was already running with a Unicode Character set on the go. I read that to solve the above problem, I need to switch to a multi-byte character set. But, if I do that, I get other errors in my code, like so: Error 2 error C2664: 'D3DXCreateEffectFromFileA' : cannot convert parameter 2 from 'const wchar_t *' to 'LPCSTR' With it being accredited to the following line of code: if(FAILED(D3DXCreateEffectFromFile(m_pD3DDevice9,effectFileName.c_str(),NULL,NULL,0,NULL,&m_pCurrentEffect,&pErrorBuffer))) This if is nested within another if statement checking my effectmap list. Though it is the FAILED word with the red line. Like wise I get the another error with the following line of code: wstring effectFileName = TEXT("Sky.fx"); With the error message being: Error 1 error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'const char [7]' to 'std::basic_string<_Elem,_Traits,_Ax' If I change it back to a Uni code character set, I get the original (fewer) errors. Leaving as a multi-byte, I get more errors. Does anyone know of a way I can fix this issue?

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