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  • Connecting private IPs

    - by Greg Roberts
    A friend of mine told me there was a way to connect two private IPs without using a proxy server. The idea was that both computers connected to a public server and some how the server joined the private connections and won't use any more bandwidth. Is this true? How's this technique named? Thanks

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  • design a large scale network for an organization

    - by Essam
    hello.i am so new to networking i want to design a large scale network for an organization with HQ and two branches. i want to use class A address for that.my questions are: if i am using the network address 30.0.0.0 for the whole organization how can it be different from another organization company or whatever which is using the same address in another country? now i have the three locations for this organization,so i need 5 subnets [one for the HQ,two for branch A and branch B , one for connecting A to HQ and one for connecting branch B with HQ since i will use central DHCP server at the HQ,is that(number of subnetting) right? is it advisable to use class A or class B for this organization it term of address that will be wasted (lets say it is a university with two branches in two different states)?! that is all your help is highly appropriated.

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  • Odd Series of Packets, How would I reproduce this behavior?

    - by JustSmith
    I recorded a series of http packets that I cant programmatically recreate. The series of packets goes like this: HTTP GET /axis-cgi/admin/param.cgi?action=list&group=Network.eth0.MACAddress,Properties.System.SerialNumber,DVTelTest,SightLogix.ProdShortName HTTP/1.1 HTTP HTTP/1.1 200 OK (text/plain) HTTP GET /axis-cgi/admin/param.cgi?action=list&group=Properties.Image.Resolution HTTP/1.1 HTTP HTTP/1.1 200 OK (text/plain) HTTP GET /axis-cgi/admin/param.cgi?action=update&Network.RTSP.ProtViewer=password HTTP/1.1 HTTP GET /axis-cgi/admin/param.cgi?action=list&group=Event HTTP/1.1 HTTP HTTP/1.1 200 OK (text/plain) HTTP GET /axis-cgi/admin/param.cgi?action=list&group=ImageSource.I0.Sensor HTTP/1.1 HTTP HTTP/1.1 200 OK (text/plain) Notice the two GET followed by one response. I though the two gets were going out at the same time but there is no corresponding number of responses. Also when trying to reproduce this pattern as the server if I abort the first GET request the client waits until it times out and starts the request over with out sending any other requests. What is happening here? How can I reproduce it?

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  • Any way using JavaScript API via iOS? and problem with FQL queries responses.

    - by Assaf b
    Hi, I'm developing an iPhone application with FB connect, the JavaScript API includes really powerful methods like wait.on for combining requests... Any way using those API methods via iOS and Xcode? about the FQL responses, I'm using both: request:didReceiveResponse: AND request:didLoad: methods. all the FQL queries I send provoke didReceiveResponse but not all of them provoke the second one (didLoad). @"SELECT uid,eid FROM event_member WHERE uid in (select uid2 from friend where uid1=%d limit 100)", userID when the limit is 1-2 it provokes them all, when it grows too 100 (friends to fetch) it provokes only the first.. does anyone know this problem? Thanks!

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  • php: ip2long returning negative val

    - by andufo
    hi, function ip_address_to_number($IPaddress) { if(!$IPaddress) { return false; } else { $ips = split('\.',$IPaddress); return($ips[3] + $ips[2]*256 + $ips[1]*65536 + $ips[0]*16777216); } } that function executes the same code as the php bundled function ip2long. however, when i print these 2 values, i get 2 different returns. why? (im using php 5.2.10 on a wamp environment). ip2long('200.117.248.17'); //returns -931792879 ip_address_to_number('200.117.248.17'); // returns 3363174417

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  • How to implement RFC 3393 (Ipdv packet delay varation) in C?

    - by sagar
    Hello , I am building an Ethernet Application in which i will be sending packets from one side and receiving it on the other side. I want to calculate delay in packets at the receiver side as in RFC 3393. So I have to put a timestamps in the packet at the sender side and then take the timestamps at the receiver side as soon as i receive the packet . Subtracting the values i will get the difference in timestamps and then subtracting this value with subsequent difference i will get One way ipdv delay . Both the clocks are not synchronized . So any help is greatly appreciated. Thank you.

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  • How do you get the host address and port from a System.Net.EndPoint?

    - by cyclotis04
    I'm using a TcpClient passed to me from a TcpListener, and for the life of me I can't figure out a simple way to get the address and port it's connected to. The best I have so far is _client.Client.RemoteEndPoint.ToString(); which returns a string in the form FFFF::FFFF:FFFF:FFF:FFFF%00:0000. I've managed to extract the address and port using Regular Expressions, but this seems like overkill. What am I missing?

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  • Screenscraping and reverse engineering health based web tool

    - by ArbInv
    Hi There is a publicly available free tool which has been built to help people understand the impact of various risk factors on their health / life expectancy. I am interested in understanding the data that sits behind the tool. To get this out it would require putting in a range of different socio-demographic factors and analyzing the resulting outputs. This would need to be done across many thousand different individual profiles. The tool was probably built on some standard BI platorm. I have no interest in how the tool was built but do want to get to the data within it. The site has a Terms of Use Agreement which includes: Not copying, distribute, adapt, create derivative works of, translate, or otherwise modify the said tool Not decompile, disassemble, reverse assemble, or otherwise reverse engineer the tool. The said institution retains all rights, title and interest in and to the Tool, and any and all modifications thereof, including all copyright, copyright registrations, trade secrets, trademarks, goodwill and confidential and proprietary information related thereto. Would i be in effect breaking the law if i were to point a screen scraping tool which downloaded the data that sits behind the tool in question?? Any advice welcomed? THANKS

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  • When we run an aspx page with client side scripting on IIS, we get an ActiveX control error?

    - by Ananya
    we have implemented the code for installing the messenger theme pack using the client side scripting in a web page. We are creating an object of the messenger using the classid .Using this object we call the installcontent() method and try to install the messenger theme pack hosted at following path: http://www.messengerexpressions.com/assets/worldCup/cabs/en-gb.cab Our code initially checks whether the messenger is installed on the user machine or not. Then it checks for the user login ,once the messenger is installed on the machine. And if the user is signed-in , the messenger theme pack is installed. The code currently when hosted on IIS checks the “Sign-In of the user” but when it tries to install the theme pack an error is thrown “An ActiveX control on this page is unsafe.Your current security settings prohibit running unsafe control on this page.As a result,this page may not be display as intended.” Please let us know if any setting is required on IIS for running this piece of codeor anything that we are missing out.

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  • Codeigniter deny access to directory of controllers with apache config

    - by MAZUMA
    I’d like to restrict access to a folder of controllers that are used for admin purposes only. I’ve tried a number of ways and not coming up with a solution. These controllers are behind password protection. But, I’d like to just remove it from view if someone happens to stumble upon the right directory. Can this be done? I’d rather not do it from htaccess. I have access to the apache config files, so I’d like to handle it there. Does it have anything to do with the way Codeigniter routes? Or, am I just way off? This what I’m using that doesn’t work <Directory /var/www/application/controllers/folder/> Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx </Directory>

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  • how to scan a LAN for live hosts using PHP and SNMP?

    - by aag
    I would like to have a quick script listing all active hosts in a LAN, and I am a bit lost. From other posts I figured that this can be done most effectively by polling the DHCP server (in my case a Lancom router) using SNMP. However, I am not familiar with the SNMP commands in PHP. Is snmpwalk() the correct function? Can I get snmpwalk() or any other php function to return an array that contains a list of all live hosts?

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  • Connecting to device behind firewall

    - by tim
    I have a wpf app that needs to communicate(exchange data) with a custom designed device (we can modify the code for the device). Do I have any options to connect to the device if it is behind a firewall via http? I was hoping there would be a method where the admin would not have to forward any specific ports or do anything on his end. I assume the issue is how would I address the device from my app. I know SOAP over SMTP is one option. Is another option where the device could chatter out to my application via http?

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  • Can you explain how this ip_to_string function works?

    - by user198729
    #define IPTOSBUFFERS 12 char *iptos(u_long in) { static char output[IPTOSBUFFERS][3*4+3+1]; static short which; u_char *p; p = (u_char *)&in; which = (which + 1 == IPTOSBUFFERS ? 0 : which + 1); _snprintf_s(output[which], sizeof(output[which]), sizeof(output[which]),"%d.%d.%d.%d", p[0], p[1], p[2], p[3]); return output[which]; } Is there something I'm missing to understand it?

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  • FreeBSD performance tuning. Sysctls, loader.conf, kernel.

    - by SaveTheRbtz
    I wanted to share knowledge of tuning FreeBSD via sysctls, so i'm posting them with comments. Based on Igor Sysoev (author of nginx) presentation about FreeBSD tuning up to 100,000-200,000 active connections. Sysctls are for 7.x FreeBSD. Since 7.2 amd64 some of them are tuned well by default. Prior 7.0 some of them are boot only (set via /boot/loader.conf) or does not exist at all. Highload web server sysctls: # Max. backlog size kern.ipc.somaxconn=4096 # Shared memory // 7.2+ can use shared memory > 2Gb kern.ipc.shmmax=2147483648 # Sockets kern.ipc.maxsockets=204800 # Do not use lager sockbufs on 8.0 # ( http://old.nabble.com/Significant-performance-regression-for-increased-maxsockbuf-on-8.0-RELEASE-tt26745981.html#a26745981 ) kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=262144 # Recive clusters (on amd64 7.2+ 65k is default) # For such high value vm.kmem_size must be increased to 3G #kern.ipc.nmbclusters=229376 # Jumbo pagesize(4k/8k) clusters # Used as general packet storage for jumbo frames # can be monitored via `netstat -m` #kern.ipc.nmbjumbop=192000 # Jumbo 9k/16k clusters # If you are using them #kern.ipc.nmbjumbo9=24000 #kern.ipc.nmbjumbo16=10240 # Every socket is a file, so increase them kern.maxfiles=204800 kern.maxfilesperproc=200000 kern.maxvnodes=200000 # Turn off receive autotuning #net.inet.tcp.recvbuf_auto=0 # Small receive space, only usable on http-server, on file server this # should be increased to 65535 or even more #net.inet.tcp.recvspace=8192 # Small send space is useful for http servers that serve small files # Autotuned since 7.x net.inet.tcp.sendspace=16384 # This should be enabled if you going to use big spaces (>64k) #net.inet.tcp.rfc1323=1 # Turn this off on highspeed, lossless connections (LAN 1Gbit+) #net.inet.tcp.delayed_ack=0 # This feature is useful if you are serving data over modems, Gigabit Ethernet, # or even high speed WAN links (or any other link with a high bandwidth delay product), # especially if you are also using window scaling or have configured a large send window. # You can try setting it to 0 on fileserver with 1GBit+ interfaces # Automatically disables on small RTT ( http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/cvsweb.cgi/src/sys/netinet/tcp_subr.c?#rev1.237 ) #net.inet.tcp.inflight.enable=0 # Disable randomizing of ports to avoid false RST # Before usage check SA here www.bsdcan.org/2006/papers/ImprovingTCPIP.pdf # (it's also says that port randomization auto-disables at some conn.rates, but I didn't tested it thou) #net.inet.ip.portrange.randomized=0 # Increase portrange # For outgoing connections only. Good for seed-boxes and ftp servers. net.inet.ip.portrange.first=1024 net.inet.ip.portrange.last=65535 # Security net.inet.ip.redirect=0 net.inet.ip.sourceroute=0 net.inet.ip.accept_sourceroute=0 net.inet.icmp.maskrepl=0 net.inet.icmp.log_redirect=0 net.inet.icmp.drop_redirect=1 net.inet.tcp.drop_synfin=1 # Security net.inet.udp.blackhole=1 net.inet.tcp.blackhole=2 # Increases default TTL, sometimes useful # Default is 64 net.inet.ip.ttl=128 # Lessen max segment life to conserve resources # ACK waiting time in miliseconds (default: 30000 from RFC) net.inet.tcp.msl=5000 # Max bumber of timewait sockets net.inet.tcp.maxtcptw=40960 # Don't use tw on local connections # As of 15 Apr 2009. Igor Sysoev says that nolocaltimewait has some buggy realization. # So disable it or now till get fixed #net.inet.tcp.nolocaltimewait=1 # FIN_WAIT_2 state fast recycle net.inet.tcp.fast_finwait2_recycle=1 # Time before tcp keepalive probe is sent # default is 2 hours (7200000) #net.inet.tcp.keepidle=60000 # Should be increased until net.inet.ip.intr_queue_drops is zero net.inet.ip.intr_queue_maxlen=4096 # Interrupt handling via multiple CPU, but with context switch. # You can play with it. Default is 1; #net.isr.direct=0 # This is for routers only #net.inet.ip.forwarding=1 #net.inet.ip.fastforwarding=1 # This speed ups dummynet when channel isn't saturated net.inet.ip.dummynet.io_fast=1 # Increase dummynet(4) hash #net.inet.ip.dummynet.hash_size=2048 #net.inet.ip.dummynet.max_chain_len # Should be increased when you have A LOT of files on server # (Increase until vfs.ufs.dirhash_mem becames lower) vfs.ufs.dirhash_maxmem=67108864 # Explicit Congestion Notification (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explicit_Congestion_Notification) net.inet.tcp.ecn.enable=1 # Flowtable - flow caching mechanism # Useful for routers #net.inet.flowtable.enable=1 #net.inet.flowtable.nmbflows=65535 # Extreme polling tuning #kern.polling.burst_max=1000 #kern.polling.each_burst=1000 #kern.polling.reg_frac=100 #kern.polling.user_frac=1 #kern.polling.idle_poll=0 # IPFW dynamic rules and timeouts tuning # Increase dyn_buckets till net.inet.ip.fw.curr_dyn_buckets is lower net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_buckets=65536 net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_max=65536 net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_ack_lifetime=120 net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_syn_lifetime=10 net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_fin_lifetime=2 net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_short_lifetime=10 # Make packets pass firewall only once when using dummynet # i.e. packets going thru pipe are passing out from firewall with accept #net.inet.ip.fw.one_pass=1 # shm_use_phys Wires all shared pages, making them unswappable # Use this to lessen Virtual Memory Manager's work when using Shared Mem. # Useful for databases #kern.ipc.shm_use_phys=1 /boot/loader.conf: # Accept filters for data, http and DNS requests # Usefull when your software uses select() instead of kevent/kqueue or when you under DDoS # DNS accf available on 8.0+ accf_data_load="YES" accf_http_load="YES" accf_dns_load="YES" # Async IO system calls aio_load="YES" # Adds NCQ support in FreeBSD # WARNING! all ad[0-9]+ devices will be renamed to ada[0-9]+ # 8.0+ only #ahci_load= #siis_load= # Increase kernel memory size to 3G. # # Use ONLY if you have KVA_PAGES in kernel configuration, and you have more than 3G RAM # Otherwise panic will happen on next reboot! # # It's required for high buffer sizes: kern.ipc.nmbjumbop, kern.ipc.nmbclusters, etc # Useful on highload stateful firewalls, proxies or ZFS fileservers # (FreeBSD 7.2+ amd64 users: Check that current value is lower!) #vm.kmem_size="3G" # Older versions of FreeBSD can't tune maxfiles on the fly #kern.maxfiles="200000" # Useful for databases # Sets maximum data size to 1G # (FreeBSD 7.2+ amd64 users: Check that current value is lower!) #kern.maxdsiz="1G" # Maximum buffer size(vfs.maxbufspace) # You can check current one via vfs.bufspace # Should be lowered/upped depending on server's load-type # Usually decreased to preserve kmem # (default is 200M) #kern.maxbcache="512M" # Sendfile buffers # For i386 only #kern.ipc.nsfbufs=10240 # syncache Hash table tuning net.inet.tcp.syncache.hashsize=1024 net.inet.tcp.syncache.bucketlimit=100 # Incresed hostcache net.inet.tcp.hostcache.hashsize="16384" net.inet.tcp.hostcache.bucketlimit="100" # TCP control-block Hash table tuning net.inet.tcp.tcbhashsize=4096 # Enable superpages, for 7.2+ only # Also read http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-hackers/2009-November/030094.html vm.pmap.pg_ps_enabled=1 # Usefull if you are using Intel-Gigabit NIC #hw.em.rxd=4096 #hw.em.txd=4096 #hw.em.rx_process_limit="-1" # Also if you have ALOT interrupts on NIC - play with following parameters # NOTE: You should set them for every NIC #dev.em.0.rx_int_delay: 250 #dev.em.0.tx_int_delay: 250 #dev.em.0.rx_abs_int_delay: 250 #dev.em.0.tx_abs_int_delay: 250 # There is also multithreaded version of em drivers can be found here: # http://people.yandex-team.ru/~wawa/ # # for additional em monitoring and statistics use # `sysctl dev.em.0.stats=1 ; dmesg` # #Same tunings for igb #hw.igb.rxd=4096 #hw.igb.txd=4096 #hw.igb.rx_process_limit=100 # Some useful netisr tunables. See sysctl net.isr #net.isr.defaultqlimit=4096 #net.isr.maxqlimit: 10240 # Bind netisr threads to CPUs #net.isr.bindthreads=1 # Nicer boot logo =) loader_logo="beastie" And finally here is my additions to GENERIC kernel # Just some of them, see also # cat /sys/{i386,amd64,}/conf/NOTES # This one useful only on i386 #options KVA_PAGES=512 # You can play with HZ in environments with high interrupt rate (default is 1000) # 100 is for my notebook to prolong it's battery life #options HZ=100 # Polling is goot on network loads with high packet rates and low-end NICs # NB! Do not enable it if you want more than one netisr thread #options DEVICE_POLLING # Eliminate datacopy on socket read-write # To take advantage with zero copy sockets you should have an MTU of 8K(amd64) # (4k for i386). This req. is only for receiving data. # Read more in man zero_copy_sockets #options ZERO_COPY_SOCKETS # Support TCP sign. Used for IPSec options TCP_SIGNATURE options IPSEC # This ones can be loaded as modules. They described in loader.conf section #options ACCEPT_FILTER_DATA #options ACCEPT_FILTER_HTTP # Adding ipfw, also can be loaded as modules options IPFIREWALL options IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE options IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE_LIMIT=10 options IPFIREWALL_DEFAULT_TO_ACCEPT options IPFIREWALL_FORWARD # Adding kernel NAT options IPFIREWALL_NAT options LIBALIAS # Traffic shaping options DUMMYNET # Divert, i.e. for userspace NAT options IPDIVERT # This is for OpenBSD's pf firewall device pf device pflog # pf's QoS - ALTQ options ALTQ options ALTQ_CBQ # Class Bases Queuing (CBQ) options ALTQ_RED # Random Early Detection (RED) options ALTQ_RIO # RED In/Out options ALTQ_HFSC # Hierarchical Packet Scheduler (HFSC) options ALTQ_PRIQ # Priority Queuing (PRIQ) options ALTQ_NOPCC # Required for SMP build # Pretty console # Manual can be found here http://forums.freebsd.org/showthread.php?t=6134 #options VESA #options SC_PIXEL_MODE # Disable reboot on Ctrl Alt Del #options SC_DISABLE_REBOOT # Change normal|kernel messages color options SC_NORM_ATTR=(FG_GREEN|BG_BLACK) options SC_KERNEL_CONS_ATTR=(FG_YELLOW|BG_BLACK) # More scroll space options SC_HISTORY_SIZE=8192 # Adding hardware crypto device device crypto device cryptodev # Useful network interfaces device vlan device tap #Virtual Ethernet driver device gre #IP over IP tunneling device if_bridge #Bridge interface device pfsync #synchronization interface for PF device carp #Common Address Redundancy Protocol device enc #IPsec interface device lagg #Link aggregation interface device stf #IPv4-IPv6 port # Also for my notebook, but may be used with Opteron #device amdtemp # Support for ECMP. More than one route for destination # Works even with default route so one can use it as LB for two ISP # For now code is unstable and panics (panic: rtfree 2) on route deletions. #options RADIX_MPATH # Multicast routing #options MROUTING #options PIM # DTrace options KDTRACE_HOOKS # all architectures - enable general DTrace hooks options DDB_CTF # all architectures - kernel ELF linker loads CTF data #options KDTRACE_FRAME # amd64-only # Adaptive spining in lockmgr (8.x+) # See http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg10782.html options ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS # UTF-8 in console (9.x+) #options TEKEN_UTF8 #options TEKEN_XTERM # NCQ support # WARNING! all ad[0-9]+ devices will be renamed to ada[0-9]+ #options ATA_CAM # FreeBSD 9+ # Deadlock resolver thread # For additional information see http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg18124.html #options DEADLKRES PS. Also most of FreeBSD's limits can be monitored by # vmstat -z and # limits PPS. variety of network counters can be monitored via # netstat -s In FreeBSD-9 netstat's -Q option appeared, try following command to display netisr stats # netstat -Q PPPS. also see # man 7 tuning PPPPS. I wanted to thank FreeBSD community, especially author of nginx - Igor Sysoev, nginx-ru@ and FreeBSD-performance@ mailing lists for providing useful information about FreeBSD tuning. So here is the question: What tunings are you using on yours FreeBSD servers? You can also post your /etc/sysctl.conf, /boot/loader.conf, kernel options, etc with description of its' meaning (do not copy-paste from sysctl -d). Don't forget to specify server type (web, smb, gateway, etc) Let's share experience!

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  • How do I apply multiple subnets to a server with one NIC?

    - by Cosban
    I am trying to route multiple IPs through one physical NIC on my dedicated server for use with Proxmox KVM VMs. I have a dedicated server which is currently running Debian 4.4.5-8 with 3 available ip addresses for use, which will be displayed as 176.xxx.xxx.196 (main), 176.xxx.xxx.198 (on same subnet as main) and 5.xxx.xxx.166 (different subnet). I am currently trying to route the third IP address with the dedi for use with a vps that I have set up using proxmox v2.x but am having a really, really hard time doing so. Virtual interfaces binding the additional IP addresses work as expected, ruling out external routing problems. The provider has given the following information for the IP addresses on the main subnet: gateway: 176.xxx.xxx.193 netmask: 255.255.255.224 broadcast: 176.xxx.xxx.223 As well as the following information for the IP address on the second subnet: gateway: 5.xxx.xxx.161 netmask: 255.255.255.248 broadcast: 5.xxx.xxx.167 Everything I've tried with /etc/network/interfaces has either not worked, or has rendered the network completely useless. This is the current state of the file, which has the secondary IP address working on the same subnet as well as IPv6 working, but not the second subnet. # Nativen IPv6 Schnittstelle iface eth0 inet6 manual # Bridge IPv4 Schnittstelle (176.xxx.xxx.193/27) auto vmbr0 iface vmbr0 inet static address 176.xxx.xxx.196 netmask 255.255.255.224 gateway 176.xxx.xxx.193 broadcast 176.xxx.xxx.223 bridge_ports eth0 bridge_stp off bridge_fd 0 bridge_maxwait 0 post-up ip addr add 176.xxx.xxx.198/27 dev vmbr0 auto vmbr1 iface vmbr1 inet static address 5.xxx.xxx.166 netmask 255.255.255.248 gateway 5.xxx.xxx.161 broadcast 5.xxx.xxx.167 bridge_ports eth0 bridge_stp off bridge_fd 0 bridge_maxwait 0 post-up ip addr add 5.xxx.xxx.166/27 dev vmbr1 # Bridge IPv6 Schnittstelle (Reichweite: xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx::/64) iface vmbr0 inet6 static address xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx netmask 64 up ip -6 route add xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx dev vmbr0 down ip -6 route del xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx dev vmbr0 up ip -6 route add default via xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx dev vmbr0 down ip -6 route del default via xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx dev vmbr0

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  • Updating PHP on Linux - "No Packages marked for Update"?

    - by Aristotle
    I'm very new to server-administration, but I was thinking the task of updating PHP to 5.2+ should be relatively simple. Online I found that the following was allegedly sufficient to do this: yum update php But when I run this, the following is output: [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# php -v PHP 5.1.6 (cli) (built: Jan 13 2010 17:13:05) Copyright (c) 1997-2006 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.1.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2006 Zend Technologies [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# yum update php Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Determining fastest mirrors * addons: p3plmirror02.prod.phx3.secureserver.net * base: p3plmirror02.prod.phx3.secureserver.net * extras: p3plmirror02.prod.phx3.secureserver.net * turbopanel-base: p3plmirror02.prod.phx3.secureserver.net * turbopanel-centos5: p3plmirror02.prod.phx3.secureserver.net * update: p3plmirror02.prod.phx3.secureserver.net addons | 951 B 00:00 addons/primary | 201 B 00:00 base | 2.1 kB 00:00 base/primary_db | 1.6 MB 00:00 extras | 1.1 kB 00:00 extras/primary | 107 kB 00:00 extras 325/325 turbopanel-base | 951 B 00:00 turbopanel-base/primary | 72 kB 00:00 turbopanel-base 494/494 turbopanel-centos5 | 951 B 00:00 turbopanel-centos5/primary | 2.1 kB 00:00 turbopanel-centos5 8/8 update | 1.9 kB 00:00 update/primary_db | 463 kB 00:00 Setting up Update Process No Packages marked for Update [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# php -v PHP 5.1.6 (cli) (built: Jan 13 2010 17:13:05) Copyright (c) 1997-2006 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.1.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2006 Zend Technolog [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# No Packages marked for Update [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# php -v bash: No: command not found [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# php -v bash: [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX: command not found [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# PHP 5.1.6 (cli) (built: Jan 13 2010 17:13:05) bash: syntax error near unexpected token `(' [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# Copyright (c) 1997-2006 The PHP Group bash: syntax error near unexpected token `c' [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# Zend Engine v2.1.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2006 Zend Technologies bash: syntax error near unexpected token `(' [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# My PHP version is 5.1.6 before, and after running the command. Am I being too naive here with this update process? Is there a more verbose route that is necessary for me to take?

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  • Command does not execute in crontab while command itself works just fine

    - by fuzzybee
    I have this script from Colin Johnson on Github - https://github.com/colinbjohnson/aws-missing-tools/tree/master/ec2-automate-backup It seems great. I have modified it to send email to myself every time an EBS snapshot is created or deleted. The following works like a charm ec2-automate-backup.sh -v "vol-myvolumeid" -k 3 However, it does not execute at all as part of my crontab (I didn't receive any emails) #some command that got commented out */5 * * * * ec2-automate-backup.sh -v "vol-fb2fbcdf" -k 3; * * * * * date /root/logs/crontab.log; */5 * * * * date /root/logs/crontab2.log Please note that the 2nd and 3rd execute just fines as I can see the date and time in log files. What could I have missed here? The full ec2-automate-backup.sh is as follows: #!/bin/bash - # Author: Colin Johnson / [email protected] # Date: 2012-09-24 # Version 0.1 # License Type: GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE, Version 3 # #confirms that executables required for succesful script execution are available prerequisite_check() { for prerequisite in basename ec2-create-snapshot ec2-create-tags ec2-describe-snapshots ec2-delete-snapshot date do #use of "hash" chosen as it is a shell builtin and will add programs to hash table, possibly speeding execution. Use of type also considered - open to suggestions. hash $prerequisite &> /dev/null if [[ $? == 1 ]] #has exits with exit status of 70, executable was not found then echo "In order to use `basename $0`, the executable \"$prerequisite\" must be installed." 1>&2 | mailx -s "Error happened 0" [email protected] ; exit 70 fi done } #get_EBS_List gets a list of available EBS instances depending upon the selection_method of EBS selection that is provided by user input get_EBS_List() { case $selection_method in volumeid) if [[ -z $volumeid ]] then echo "The selection method \"volumeid\" (which is $app_name's default selection_method of operation or requested by using the -s volumeid parameter) requires a volumeid (-v volumeid) for operation. Correct usage is as follows: \"-v vol-6d6a0527\",\"-s volumeid -v vol-6d6a0527\" or \"-v \"vol-6d6a0527 vol-636a0112\"\" if multiple volumes are to be selected." 1>&2 | mailx -s "Error happened 1" [email protected] ; exit 64 fi ebs_selection_string="$volumeid" ;; tag) if [[ -z $tag ]] then echo "The selected selection_method \"tag\" (-s tag) requires a valid tag (-t key=value) for operation. Correct usage is as follows: \"-s tag -t backup=true\" or \"-s tag -t Name=my_tag.\"" 1>&2 | mailx -s "Error happened 2" [email protected] ; exit 64 fi ebs_selection_string="--filter tag:$tag" ;; *) echo "If you specify a selection_method (-s selection_method) for selecting EBS volumes you must select either \"volumeid\" (-s volumeid) or \"tag\" (-s tag)." 1>&2 | mailx -s "Error happened 3" [email protected] ; exit 64 ;; esac #creates a list of all ebs volumes that match the selection string from above ebs_backup_list_complete=`ec2-describe-volumes --show-empty-fields --region $region $ebs_selection_string 2>&1` #takes the output of the previous command ebs_backup_list_result=`echo $?` if [[ $ebs_backup_list_result -gt 0 ]] then echo -e "An error occured when running ec2-describe-volumes. The error returned is below:\n$ebs_backup_list_complete" 1>&2 | mailx -s "Error happened 4" [email protected] ; exit 70 fi ebs_backup_list=`echo "$ebs_backup_list_complete" | grep ^VOLUME | cut -f 2` #code to right will output list of EBS volumes to be backed up: echo -e "Now outputting ebs_backup_list:\n$ebs_backup_list" } create_EBS_Snapshot_Tags() { #snapshot tags holds all tags that need to be applied to a given snapshot - by aggregating tags we ensure that ec2-create-tags is called only onece snapshot_tags="" #if $name_tag_create is true then append ec2ab_${ebs_selected}_$date_current to the variable $snapshot_tags if $name_tag_create then ec2_snapshot_resource_id=`echo "$ec2_create_snapshot_result" | cut -f 2` snapshot_tags="$snapshot_tags --tag Name=ec2ab_${ebs_selected}_$date_current" fi #if $purge_after_days is true, then append $purge_after_date to the variable $snapshot_tags if [[ -n $purge_after_days ]] then snapshot_tags="$snapshot_tags --tag PurgeAfter=$purge_after_date --tag PurgeAllow=true" fi #if $snapshot_tags is not zero length then set the tag on the snapshot using ec2-create-tags if [[ -n $snapshot_tags ]] then echo "Tagging Snapshot $ec2_snapshot_resource_id with the following Tags:" ec2-create-tags $ec2_snapshot_resource_id --region $region $snapshot_tags #echo "Snapshot tags successfully created" | mailx -s "Snapshot tags successfully created" [email protected] fi } date_command_get() { #finds full path to date binary date_binary_full_path=`which date` #command below is used to determine if date binary is gnu, macosx or other date_binary_file_result=`file -b $date_binary_full_path` case $date_binary_file_result in "Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64") date_binary="macosx" ;; "ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV)"*) date_binary="gnu" ;; *) date_binary="unknown" ;; esac #based on the installed date binary the case statement below will determine the method to use to determine "purge_after_days" in the future case $date_binary in gnu) date_command="date -d +${purge_after_days}days -u +%Y-%m-%d" ;; macosx) date_command="date -v+${purge_after_days}d -u +%Y-%m-%d" ;; unknown) date_command="date -d +${purge_after_days}days -u +%Y-%m-%d" ;; *) date_command="date -d +${purge_after_days}days -u +%Y-%m-%d" ;; esac } purge_EBS_Snapshots() { #snapshot_tag_list is a string that contains all snapshots with either the key PurgeAllow or PurgeAfter set snapshot_tag_list=`ec2-describe-tags --show-empty-fields --region $region --filter resource-type=snapshot --filter key=PurgeAllow,PurgeAfter` #snapshot_purge_allowed is a list of all snapshot_ids with PurgeAllow=true snapshot_purge_allowed=`echo "$snapshot_tag_list" | grep .*PurgeAllow'\t'true | cut -f 3` for snapshot_id_evaluated in $snapshot_purge_allowed do #gets the "PurgeAfter" date which is in UTC with YYYY-MM-DD format (or %Y-%m-%d) purge_after_date=`echo "$snapshot_tag_list" | grep .*$snapshot_id_evaluated'\t'PurgeAfter.* | cut -f 5` #if purge_after_date is not set then we have a problem. Need to alter user. if [[ -z $purge_after_date ]] #Alerts user to the fact that a Snapshot was found with PurgeAllow=true but with no PurgeAfter date. then echo "A Snapshot with the Snapshot ID $snapshot_id_evaluated has the tag \"PurgeAllow=true\" but does not have a \"PurgeAfter=YYYY-MM-DD\" date. $app_name is unable to determine if $snapshot_id_evaluated should be purged." 1>&2 | mailx -s "Error happened 5" [email protected] else #convert both the date_current and purge_after_date into epoch time to allow for comparison date_current_epoch=`date -j -f "%Y-%m-%d" "$date_current" "+%s"` purge_after_date_epoch=`date -j -f "%Y-%m-%d" "$purge_after_date" "+%s"` #perform compparison - if $purge_after_date_epoch is a lower number than $date_current_epoch than the PurgeAfter date is earlier than the current date - and the snapshot can be safely removed if [[ $purge_after_date_epoch < $date_current_epoch ]] then echo "The snapshot \"$snapshot_id_evaluated\" with the Purge After date of $purge_after_date will be deleted." ec2-delete-snapshot --region $region $snapshot_id_evaluated echo "Old snapshots successfully deleted for $volumeid" | mailx -s "Old snapshots successfully deleted for $volumeid" [email protected] fi fi done } #calls prerequisitecheck function to ensure that all executables required for script execution are available prerequisite_check app_name=`basename $0` #sets defaults selection_method="volumeid" region="ap-southeast-1" #date_binary allows a user to set the "date" binary that is installed on their system and, therefore, the options that will be given to the date binary to perform date calculations date_binary="" #sets the "Name" tag set for a snapshot to false - using "Name" requires that ec2-create-tags be called in addition to ec2-create-snapshot name_tag_create=false #sets the Purge Snapshot feature to false - this feature will eventually allow the removal of snapshots that have a "PurgeAfter" tag that is earlier than current date purge_snapshots=false #handles options processing while getopts :s:r:v:t:k:pn opt do case $opt in s) selection_method="$OPTARG";; r) region="$OPTARG";; v) volumeid="$OPTARG";; t) tag="$OPTARG";; k) purge_after_days="$OPTARG";; n) name_tag_create=true;; p) purge_snapshots=true;; *) echo "Error with Options Input. Cause of failure is most likely that an unsupported parameter was passed or a parameter was passed without a corresponding option." 1>&2 ; exit 64;; esac done #sets date variable date_current=`date -u +%Y-%m-%d` #sets the PurgeAfter tag to the number of days that a snapshot should be retained if [[ -n $purge_after_days ]] then #if the date_binary is not set, call the date_command_get function if [[ -z $date_binary ]] then date_command_get fi purge_after_date=`$date_command` echo "Snapshots taken by $app_name will be eligible for purging after the following date: $purge_after_date." fi #get_EBS_List gets a list of EBS instances for which a snapshot is desired. The list of EBS instances depends upon the selection_method that is provided by user input get_EBS_List #the loop below is called once for each volume in $ebs_backup_list - the currently selected EBS volume is passed in as "ebs_selected" for ebs_selected in $ebs_backup_list do ec2_snapshot_description="ec2ab_${ebs_selected}_$date_current" ec2_create_snapshot_result=`ec2-create-snapshot --region $region -d $ec2_snapshot_description $ebs_selected 2>&1` if [[ $? != 0 ]] then echo -e "An error occured when running ec2-create-snapshot. The error returned is below:\n$ec2_create_snapshot_result" 1>&2 ; exit 70 else ec2_snapshot_resource_id=`echo "$ec2_create_snapshot_result" | cut -f 2` echo "Snapshots successfully created for volume $volumeid" | mailx -s "Snapshots successfully created for $volumeid" [email protected] fi create_EBS_Snapshot_Tags done #if purge_snapshots is true, then run purge_EBS_Snapshots function if $purge_snapshots then echo "Snapshot Purging is Starting Now." purge_EBS_Snapshots fi cron log Oct 23 10:24:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28214]: (root) CMD (root (ec2-automate-backup.sh -v "vol-fb2fbcdf" -k 3;)) Oct 23 10:24:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28215]: (root) CMD (date >> /root/logs/crontab.log;) Oct 23 10:25:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28228]: (root) CMD (date >> /root/logs/crontab.log;) Oct 23 10:25:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28229]: (root) CMD (date >> /root/logs/crontab2.log) Oct 23 10:26:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28239]: (root) CMD (date >> /root/logs/crontab.log;) Oct 23 10:27:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28247]: (root) CMD (root (ec2-automate-backup.sh -v "vol-fb2fbcdf" -k 3;)) Oct 23 10:27:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28248]: (root) CMD (date >> /root/logs/crontab.log;) Oct 23 10:28:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28263]: (root) CMD (date >> /root/logs/crontab.log;) Oct 23 10:29:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28275]: (root) CMD (date >> /root/logs/crontab.log;) Oct 23 10:30:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28292]: (root) CMD (root (ec2-automate-backup.sh -v "vol-fb2fbcdf" -k 3;)) Oct 23 10:30:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28293]: (root) CMD (date >> /root/logs/crontab.log;) Oct 23 10:30:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28294]: (root) CMD (date >> /root/logs/crontab2.log) Oct 23 10:31:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28312]: (root) CMD (date >> /root/logs/crontab.log;) Oct 23 10:32:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28319]: (root) CMD (date >> /root/logs/crontab.log;) Oct 23 10:33:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28325]: (root) CMD (date >> /root/logs/crontab.log;) Oct 23 10:33:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28324]: (root) CMD (root (ec2-automate-backup.sh -v "vol-fb2fbcdf" -k 3;)) Oct 23 10:34:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28345]: (root) CMD (date >> /root/logs/crontab.log;) Oct 23 10:35:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28362]: (root) CMD (date >> /root/logs/crontab.log;) Oct 23 10:35:01 ip-10-130-153-227 CROND[28363]: (root) CMD (date >> /root/logs/crontab2.log) Mails to root From [email protected] Tue Oct 23 06:00:01 2012 Return-Path: <[email protected]> Date: Tue, 23 Oct 2012 06:00:01 GMT From: [email protected] (Cron Daemon) To: [email protected] Subject: Cron <root@ip-10-130-153-227> root ec2-automate-backup.sh -v "vol-fb2fbcdf" -k 3 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated X-Cron-Env: <SHELL=/bin/sh> X-Cron-Env: <HOME=/root> X-Cron-Env: <PATH=/usr/bin:/bin> X-Cron-Env: <LOGNAME=root> X-Cron-Env: <USER=root> Status: R /bin/sh: root: command not found

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  • fwbuilder/iptables manually scripted + autogenerated rules at startup?

    - by Jakobud
    Fedora 11 Our previous IT-guy setup iptable rules on our firewall in a way that is confusing me and he didn't document any of it. I was hoping someone could help me make some sense of it. The iptables service is obviously starting at startup, but the /etc/sysconfig/iptables file was untouched (default values). I found in /etc/rc.local he was doing this: # We have multiple ISP connections on our network. # The following is about 50+ rules to route incoming and outgoing # information. For example, certain internal hosts are specified here # to use ISP A connection while everyone else on the network uses # ISP B connection when access the internet. ip rule add from 99.99.99.99 table Whatever_0 ip rule add from 99.99.99.98 table Whatever_0 ip rule add from 99.99.99.97 table Whatever_0 ip rule add from 99.99.99.96 table Whatever_0 ip rule add from 99.99.99.95 table Whatever_0 ip rule add from 192.168.1.103 table ISB_A ip rule add from 192.168.1.105 table ISB_A ip route add 192.168.0.0/24 dev eth0 table ISB_B # etc... and then near the end of the file, AFTER all the ip rules he just declared, he has this: /root/fw/firewall-rules.fw He's executing the firewall rules file that was auto-generated by fwbuilder. Some questions Why is he declaring all these ip rules in rc.local instead of declaring them in fwbuilder like all the other rules? Any advantage or necessity to this? Or is this just a poorly organized way to implement firewall rules? Why is he declaring ip rules BEFORE executing the fwbuilder script? I would assume that one of the first things the fwbuilder script does it get rid of any existing rules before declaring all the new ones. Am I wrong about this? If that was the case, the fwbuilder script would basically just delete all the ip rules that were defined in rc.local. Does this make any sense? Why is he executing all this stuff at startup in rc.local instead of just using iptables-save to keep the firewall settings at /etc/sysconfig/iptables that will get implemented at runtime?

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  • How to Sort ip addresses and merge two files in efficent manner using perl or *nix commands?

    - by berkay
    (*) This problem should be done in perl or any *nix commands. i'm working on a program and efficiency matters.The file1 consists ip addresses and some other data: index ipsrc portsrc ip dest port src 8 128.3.45.10 2122 169.182.111.161 80 (same ip src and dst) 9 128.3.45.10 2123 169.182.111.161 22 (same ip src and dst) 10 128.3.45.10 2124 169.182.111.161 80 (same ip src and dst) 19 128.3.45.128 62256 207.245.43.126 80 and other file2 looks like (file1 and file2 are in different order) 128.3.45.10 ioc-sea-lm 169.182.111.161 microsoft-ds 0 0 3 186 3 186 128.3.45.10 hypercube-lm 169.182.111.161 https 0 0 3 186 3 186 128.3.44.112 pay-per-view 148.184.171.6 netbios-ssn 0 0 3 186 3 186 128.3.45.12 cadabra-lm 148.184.171.6 microsoft-ds 0 0 3 186 3 186 1- SORT file1 using IP address in second column and SORT file2 using IP address in first column 2- Merge the 1st, 3rd and 5th columns of File1 with File 2 i need to create a new file which will look: 128.3.45.10 ioc-sea-lm 169.182.111.161 microsoft-ds 0 0 3 186 3 186 --> 2122 80 8 128.3.45.10 hypercube-lm 169.182.111.161 https 0 0 3 186 3 186 --> 2123 22 9 128.3.44.112 pay-per-view 148.184.171.6 netbios-ssn 0 0 3 186 3 186 --> * * * 128.3.45.12 cadabra-lm 148.184.171.6 microsoft-ds 0 0 3 186 3 186 --> * * * basically port numbers and index number will be added.

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  • SSH not working over IPSec tunnel (Strongswan)

    - by PattPatel
    I configured a small network on a cloud virtual machine. This virtual machine has a static IP address assigned to eth0 interface that I'll call $EXTIP. mydomain.com points to $EXTIP. Inside, I have some linux containers, that get their ip through DHCP in the Subnet 10.0.0.0/24 (i called the virtual interface nat ). They run some services that can be reached through DNAT. Then I wanted to connect to these containers through an IPSec tunnel, so I configured StrongSwan. ipsec.conf: conn %default dpdaction=none rekey=no conn remote keyexchange=ikev2 ike=######## left=[$EXTIP] leftsubnet=10.0.1.0/24,10.0.0.0/24 leftauth=pubkey lefthostaccess=yes leftcert=########.pem leftfirewall=yes leftid="#########" right=%any rightsourceip=10.0.1.0/24 rightauth=######## rightid=%any rightsendcert=never eap_identity=%any auto=add type=tunnel Everything works fine, IPSec clients get IPs of the 10.0.1.0/24 subnet and can reach the containers subnet. My problem is that I'm not able to get SSH connections over the tunnel. It simply does not work, ssh client does not produce any output. Sniffing with tcpdump gives: tcpdump: 09:50:29.648206 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.0.1 tell mydomain.com, length 28 09:50:29.648246 ARP, Reply 10.0.0.1 is-at 00:ff:aa:00:00:01 (oui Unknown), length 28 09:50:29.648253 IP mydomain.com.54869 > 10.0.0.1.ssh: Flags [S], seq 4007849772, win 29200, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 1151153 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0 09:50:29.648296 IP 10.0.0.1.ssh > 10.0.1.2.54869: Flags [S.], seq 2809522632, ack 4007849773, win 14480, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 11482992 ecr 1151153,nop,wscale 6], length 0 09:50:29.677225 IP mydomain.com.54869 > 10.0.0.1.ssh: Flags [.], ack 2809522633, win 229, options [nop,nop,TS val 1151162 ecr 11482992], length 0 09:50:29.679370 IP mydomain.com.54869 > 10.0.0.1.ssh: Flags [P.], seq 0:23, ack 1, win 229, options [nop,nop,TS val 1151162 ecr 11482992], length 23 09:50:29.679403 IP 10.0.0.1.ssh > 10.0.1.2.54869: Flags [.], ack 24, win 227, options [nop,nop,TS val 11483002 ecr 1151162], length 0 09:50:29.684337 IP 10.0.0.1.ssh > 10.0.1.2.54869: Flags [P.], seq 1:32, ack 24, win 227, options [nop,nop,TS val 11483003 ecr 1151162], length 31 09:50:29.685471 IP 10.0.0.1.ssh > 10.0.1.2.54869: Flags [.], seq 32:1480, ack 24, win 227, options [nop,nop,TS val 11483003 ecr 1151162], length 1448 09:50:29.685519 IP mydomain.com > 10.0.0.1: ICMP mydomain.com unreachable - need to frag (mtu 1422), length 556 09:50:29.685567 IP 10.0.0.1.ssh > 10.0.1.2.54869: Flags [.], seq 32:1402, ack 24, win 227, options [nop,nop,TS val 11483003 ecr 1151162], length 1370 09:50:29.685572 IP 10.0.0.1.ssh > 10.0.1.2.54869: Flags [.], seq 1402:1480, ack 24, win 227, options [nop,nop,TS val 11483003 ecr 1151162], length 78 09:50:29.714601 IP mydomain.com.54869 > 10.0.0.1.ssh: Flags [.], ack 32, win 229, options [nop,nop,TS val 1151173 ecr 11483003], length 0 09:50:29.714642 IP 10.0.0.1.ssh > 10.0.1.2.54869: Flags [P.], seq 1480:1600, ack 24, win 227, options [nop,nop,TS val 11483012 ecr 1151173], length 120 09:50:29.723649 IP mydomain.com.54869 > 10.0.0.1.ssh: Flags [P.], seq 1393:1959, ack 32, win 229, options [nop,nop,TS val 1151174 ecr 11483003], length 566 09:50:29.723677 IP 10.0.0.1.ssh > 10.0.1.2.54869: Flags [.], ack 24, win 227, options [nop,nop,TS val 11483015 ecr 1151173,nop,nop,sack 1 {1394:1960}], length 0 09:50:29.725688 IP mydomain.com.54869 > 10.0.0.1.ssh: Flags [.], ack 1480, win 251, options [nop,nop,TS val 1151177 ecr 11483003], length 0 09:50:29.952394 IP 10.0.0.1.ssh > 10.0.1.2.54869: Flags [P.], seq 1480:1600, ack 24, win 227, options [nop,nop,TS val 11483084 ecr 1151173,nop,nop,sack 1 {1394:1960}], length 120 09:50:29.981056 IP mydomain.com.54869 > 10.0.0.1.ssh: Flags [.], ack 1600, win 251, options [nop,nop,TS val 1151253 ecr 11483084,nop,nop,sack 1 {1480:1600}], length 0 If you need it this is my iptables configuration file: iptables: *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [144:9669] :FORWARD DROP [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [97:15649] :interfacce-trusted - [0:0] :porte-trusted - [0:0] -A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -j interfacce-trusted -A FORWARD -j porte-trusted -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-unreachable -A FORWARD -d 10.0.0.1/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -m state --state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -d 10.0.0.1/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 443 -m state --state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -d 10.0.0.3/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 1234 -m state --state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A interfacce-trusted -i nat -j ACCEPT -A porte-trusted -d 10.0.0.1/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A porte-trusted -d 10.0.0.1/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT -A porte-trusted -d 10.0.0.3/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 1234 -j ACCEPT COMMIT *nat :PREROUTING ACCEPT [10:600] :INPUT ACCEPT [10:600] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [4:268] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [18:1108] -A PREROUTING -d [$EXTIP] -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.1:80 -A PREROUTING -d [$EXTIP] -p tcp -m tcp --dport 443 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.1:443 -A PREROUTING -d [$EXTIP] -p tcp -m tcp --dport 8069 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.0.3:1234 -A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.0.0/24 -o eth0 -m policy --dir out --pol ipsec -j ACCEPT -A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.1.0/24 -o nat -j MASQUERADE -A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE COMMIT Probably I'm missing something stupid... Thanks in advance for helping :))

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  • Installing a DHCP Service On Win2k8 ( Windows Server 2008 )

    - by Akshay Deep Lamba
    Introduction Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a core infrastructure service on any network that provides IP addressing and DNS server information to PC clients and any other device. DHCP is used so that you do not have to statically assign IP addresses to every device on your network and manage the issues that static IP addressing can create. More and more, DHCP is being expanded to fit into new network services like the Windows Health Service and Network Access Protection (NAP). However, before you can use it for more advanced services, you need to first install it and configure the basics. Let’s learn how to do that. Installing Windows Server 2008 DHCP Server Installing Windows Server 2008 DCHP Server is easy. DHCP Server is now a “role” of Windows Server 2008 – not a windows component as it was in the past. To do this, you will need a Windows Server 2008 system already installed and configured with a static IP address. You will need to know your network’s IP address range, the range of IP addresses you will want to hand out to your PC clients, your DNS server IP addresses, and your default gateway. Additionally, you will want to have a plan for all subnets involved, what scopes you will want to define, and what exclusions you will want to create. To start the DHCP installation process, you can click Add Roles from the Initial Configuration Tasks window or from Server Manager à Roles à Add Roles. Figure 1: Adding a new Role in Windows Server 2008 When the Add Roles Wizard comes up, you can click Next on that screen. Next, select that you want to add the DHCP Server Role, and click Next. Figure 2: Selecting the DHCP Server Role If you do not have a static IP address assigned on your server, you will get a warning that you should not install DHCP with a dynamic IP address. At this point, you will begin being prompted for IP network information, scope information, and DNS information. If you only want to install DHCP server with no configured scopes or settings, you can just click Next through these questions and proceed with the installation. On the other hand, you can optionally configure your DHCP Server during this part of the installation. In my case, I chose to take this opportunity to configure some basic IP settings and configure my first DHCP Scope. I was shown my network connection binding and asked to verify it, like this: Figure 3: Network connection binding What the wizard is asking is, “what interface do you want to provide DHCP services on?” I took the default and clicked Next. Next, I entered my Parent Domain, Primary DNS Server, and Alternate DNS Server (as you see below) and clicked Next. Figure 4: Entering domain and DNS information I opted NOT to use WINS on my network and I clicked Next. Then, I was promoted to configure a DHCP scope for the new DHCP Server. I have opted to configure an IP address range of 192.168.1.50-100 to cover the 25+ PC Clients on my local network. To do this, I clicked Add to add a new scope. As you see below, I named the Scope WBC-Local, configured the starting and ending IP addresses of 192.168.1.50-192.168.1.100, subnet mask of 255.255.255.0, default gateway of 192.168.1.1, type of subnet (wired), and activated the scope. Figure 5: Adding a new DHCP Scope Back in the Add Scope screen, I clicked Next to add the new scope (once the DHCP Server is installed). I chose to Disable DHCPv6 stateless mode for this server and clicked Next. Then, I confirmed my DHCP Installation Selections (on the screen below) and clicked Install. Figure 6: Confirm Installation Selections After only a few seconds, the DHCP Server was installed and I saw the window, below: Figure 7: Windows Server 2008 DHCP Server Installation succeeded I clicked Close to close the installer window, then moved on to how to manage my new DHCP Server. How to Manage your new Windows Server 2008 DHCP Server Like the installation, managing Windows Server 2008 DHCP Server is also easy. Back in my Windows Server 2008 Server Manager, under Roles, I clicked on the new DHCP Server entry. Figure 8: DHCP Server management in Server Manager While I cannot manage the DHCP Server scopes and clients from here, what I can do is to manage what events, services, and resources are related to the DHCP Server installation. Thus, this is a good place to go to check the status of the DHCP Server and what events have happened around it. However, to really configure the DHCP Server and see what clients have obtained IP addresses, I need to go to the DHCP Server MMC. To do this, I went to Start à Administrative Tools à DHCP Server, like this: Figure 9: Starting the DHCP Server MMC When expanded out, the MMC offers a lot of features. Here is what it looks like: Figure 10: The Windows Server 2008 DHCP Server MMC The DHCP Server MMC offers IPv4 & IPv6 DHCP Server info including all scopes, pools, leases, reservations, scope options, and server options. If I go into the address pool and the scope options, I can see that the configuration we made when we installed the DHCP Server did, indeed, work. The scope IP address range is there, and so are the DNS Server & default gateway. Figure 11: DHCP Server Address Pool Figure 12: DHCP Server Scope Options So how do we know that this really works if we do not test it? The answer is that we do not. Now, let’s test to make sure it works. How do we test our Windows Server 2008 DHCP Server? To test this, I have a Windows Vista PC Client on the same network segment as the Windows Server 2008 DHCP server. To be safe, I have no other devices on this network segment. I did an IPCONFIG /RELEASE then an IPCONFIG /RENEW and verified that I received an IP address from the new DHCP server, as you can see below: Figure 13: Vista client received IP address from new DHCP Server Also, I went to my Windows 2008 Server and verified that the new Vista client was listed as a client on the DHCP server. This did indeed check out, as you can see below: Figure 14: Win 2008 DHCP Server has the Vista client listed under Address Leases With that, I knew that I had a working configuration and we are done!

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