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  • How to improve Varnish performance?

    - by Darkseal
    We're experiencing a strange problem with our current Varnish configuration. 4x Web Servers (IIS 6.5 on Windows 2003 Server, each installed on a Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5450 @ 3.00GHz Quad Core, 4GB RAM) 3x Varnish Servers (varnish-3.0.3 revision 9e6a70f on Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS - 64 bit/precise, Kernel Linux 3.2.0-29-generic, each installed on a Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5450 @ 3.00GHz Quad Core, 4GB RAM) The Varnish Servers performance are awfully bad in general, to the point that if we shut down one of them the other two are unable to fullfill all the requests and start to skip beats resulting in pending requests, timeouts, 404, etc. What can we do to improve our Varnish performance? Considering that we're getting less than 5k request per seconds during our max peak, we should be able to serve our pages even with a single one of them without any problem. We use a standard, vanilla CFG, as shown by this varnishadm param.show output: acceptor_sleep_decay 0.900000 [] acceptor_sleep_incr 0.001000 [s] acceptor_sleep_max 0.050000 [s] auto_restart on [bool] ban_dups on [bool] ban_lurker_sleep 0.010000 [s] between_bytes_timeout 60.000000 [s] cc_command "exec gcc -std=gnu99 -g -O2 -pthread -fpic -shared - Wl,-x -o %o %s" cli_buffer 8192 [bytes] cli_timeout 20 [seconds] clock_skew 10 [s] connect_timeout 0.700000 [s] critbit_cooloff 180.000000 [s] default_grace 10.000000 [seconds] default_keep 0.000000 [seconds] default_ttl 120.000000 [seconds] diag_bitmap 0x0 [bitmap] esi_syntax 0 [bitmap] expiry_sleep 1.000000 [seconds] fetch_chunksize 128 [kilobytes] fetch_maxchunksize 262144 [kilobytes] first_byte_timeout 60.000000 [s] group varnish (113) gzip_level 6 [] gzip_memlevel 8 [] gzip_stack_buffer 32768 [Bytes] gzip_tmp_space 0 [] gzip_window 15 [] http_gzip_support off [bool] http_max_hdr 64 [header lines] http_range_support on [bool] http_req_hdr_len 8192 [bytes] http_req_size 32768 [bytes] http_resp_hdr_len 8192 [bytes] http_resp_size 32768 [bytes] idle_send_timeout 60 [seconds] listen_address :80 listen_depth 1024 [connections] log_hashstring on [bool] log_local_address off [bool] lru_interval 2 [seconds] max_esi_depth 5 [levels] max_restarts 4 [restarts] nuke_limit 50 [allocations] pcre_match_limit 10000 [] pcre_match_limit_recursion 10000 [] ping_interval 3 [seconds] pipe_timeout 60 [seconds] prefer_ipv6 off [bool] queue_max 100 [%] rush_exponent 3 [requests per request] saintmode_threshold 10 [objects] send_timeout 600 [seconds] sess_timeout 5 [seconds] sess_workspace 16384 [bytes] session_linger 50 [ms] session_max 100000 [sessions] shm_reclen 255 [bytes] shm_workspace 8192 [bytes] shortlived 10.000000 [s] syslog_cli_traffic on [bool] thread_pool_add_delay 2 [milliseconds] thread_pool_add_threshold 2 [requests] thread_pool_fail_delay 200 [milliseconds] thread_pool_max 2000 [threads] thread_pool_min 5 [threads] thread_pool_purge_delay 1000 [milliseconds] thread_pool_stack unlimited [bytes] thread_pool_timeout 300 [seconds] thread_pool_workspace 65536 [bytes] thread_pools 2 [pools] thread_stats_rate 10 [requests] user varnish (106) vcc_err_unref on [bool] vcl_dir /etc/varnish vcl_trace off [bool] vmod_dir /usr/lib/varnish/vmods waiter default (epoll, poll) This is our default.vcl file: LINK sub vcl_recv { # BASIC recv COMMANDS: # # lookup -> search the item in the cache # pass -> always serve a fresh item (no-caching) # pipe -> like pass but ensures a direct-connection with the backend (no-cache AND no-proxy) # Allow the backend to serve up stale content if it is responding slow. # This defines when Varnish should use a stale object if it has one in the cache. set req.grace = 30s; if (client.ip == "127.0.0.1") { # request from NGINX - do not alter X-Forwarded-For set req.http.HTTPS = "on"; } else { # Add an X-Forwarded-For to keep track of original request unset req.http.HTTPS; unset req.http.X-Forwarded-For; set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = client.ip; } set req.backend = www_director; # Strip all cookies to force an anonymous request when the back-end servers are down. if (!req.backend.healthy) { unset req.http.Cookie; } ## HHTP Accept-Encoding if (req.http.Accept-Encoding) { if (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "gzip") { set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "gzip"; } else if (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "deflate") { set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "deflate"; } else { unset req.http.Accept-Encoding; } } if (req.request != "GET" && req.request != "HEAD" && req.request != "PUT" && req.request != "POST" && req.request != "TRACE" && req.request != "OPTIONS" && req.request != "DELETE") { /* non-RFC2616 or CONNECT */ return (pipe); } if (req.request != "GET" && req.request != "HEAD") { /* only deal with GET and HEAD by default */ return (pass); } if (req.http.Authorization) { return (pass); } if (req.http.HTTPS ~ "on") { return (pass); } ###################################################### # COOKIE HANDLING ###################################################### # METHOD 1: do not remove cookies, but pass the page if they contain TB_NC if (!(req.url ~ "(?i)\.(png|gif|ipeg|jpg|ico|swf|css|js)(\?[a-z0-9]+)?$")) { if (req.http.Cookie && req.http.Cookie ~ "TB_NC") { return (pass); } } return (lookup); } # Code determining what to do when serving items from the IIS Server sub vcl_fetch { unset beresp.http.Server; set beresp.http.Server = "Server-1"; # Allow items to be stale if needed. This is the maximum time Varnish should keep an object. set beresp.grace = 1h; if (req.url ~ "(?i)\.(png|gif|ipeg|jpg|ico|swf|css|js)(\?[a-z0-9]+)?$") { unset beresp.http.set-cookie; } # Default Varnish VCL logic if (!beresp.cacheable || beresp.ttl <= 0s || beresp.http.Set-Cookie || beresp.http.Vary == "*") { set beresp.ttl = 120 s; return(hit_for_pass); } # Not Cacheable if it has specific TB_NC no-caching cookie if (req.http.Cookie && req.http.Cookie ~ "TB_NC") { set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "NO:Got Cookie"; set beresp.ttl = 120 s; return(hit_for_pass); } # Not Cacheable if it has Cache-Control private else if (beresp.http.Cache-Control ~ "private") { set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "NO:Cache-Control=private"; set beresp.ttl = 120 s; return(hit_for_pass); } # Not Cacheable if it has Cache-Control no-cache or Pragma no-cache else if (beresp.http.Cache-Control ~ "no-cache" || beresp.http.Pragma ~ "no-cache") { set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "NO:Cache-Control=no-cache (or pragma no-cache)"; set beresp.ttl = 120 s; return(hit_for_pass); } # If we reach to this point, the object is cacheable. # Cacheable but with not enough ttl: we need to extend the lifetime of the object artificially # NOTE: Varnish default TTL is set in /etc/sysconfig/varnish # and can be checked using the following command: # varnishadm param.show default_ttl else if (beresp.ttl < 1s) { set beresp.ttl = 5s; set beresp.grace = 5s; set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "YES:FORCED"; } # Cacheable and with valid TTL. else { set beresp.http.X-Cacheable = "YES"; } # DEBUG INFO (Cookies) # set beresp.http.X-Cookie-Debug = "Request cookie: " + req.http.Cookie; return(deliver); } sub vcl_error { set obj.http.Content-Type = "text/html; charset=utf-8"; if (obj.status == 404) { synthetic {" <!-- Markup for the 404 page goes here --> "}; } else if (obj.status == 500) { synthetic {" <!-- Markup for the 500 page goes here --> "}; } else if (obj.status == 503) { if (req.restarts < 4) { return(restart); } else { synthetic {" <!-- Markup for the 503 page goes here --> "}; } } else { synthetic {" <!-- Markup for a generic error page goes here --> "}; } } sub vcl_deliver { if (obj.hits > 0) { set resp.http.X-Cache = "HIT"; } else { set resp.http.X-Cache = "MISS"; } } Thanks in advance,

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  • Is there any technical info about the youtube network?

    - by Allen
    I'm an IT graduate student trying to get my head around distributed content distribution systems, much like what I assume Youtube uses. I have read Google Research stuff like Bigtable and Google File System academic papers. Is there any such thing for Youtube? Can anyone point me at stuff to learn about the Youtube network and the underlying technology? thanks dbaman

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  • Saving table yields "Record is too large" in Access

    - by C. Ross
    I have an access database that I gave to a user (shame on my head). They were having trouble with some data being too long, so I suggested changing several text fields to memo fields. I tried this in my copy and it worked perfectly, but when the user tries it they get a "Record is too large" messagebox on saving the modified table design. Obviously the same record is not too large in my database, why would it be in theirs?

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  • GNU Screen: one window per screen or one screen with multiple windows?

    - by yalestar
    I've inherited a few sys admin tasks recently and am trying to wrap my head around using screen. The way the previous guy left it, there are four screen sessions running, some of which have two or three windows running within. It doesn't appear that he was using any particular convention, so I ask you: Is it better to have each process in its own screen session, or better to group similar processes into a single screen? Or something different entirely?

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  • Third monitor with AMD cards WITHOUT Eyefinity

    - by Resorath
    I have two AMD Radeon HD 6870 video cards in CrossFireX configuration and I would like to add a third monitor. I understand to use "Eyefinity" you need to use an active mini displayport to DVI adapter. I am not interested in the benefits of "Eyefinity", I just want a third monitor with Windows extended desktop. Is it possible to use either the HDMI head on the first card or the DVI heads from the second card to get a third monitor running without "Eyefinity" and an active adapter?

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  • What is the usual procedure for working with remote Git repositories?

    - by James
    A slightly open question regarding best practices, I can find lots of functional guides for git but not much info about standard ordering of operations etc: Whats the standard/nice way of working with remote repositories, specifically for making a change and taking it all the way back to the remote master. Can someone provide a step-by-step list of procedures they normally follow when doing this. i.e. something like: 1) clone repo 2) create new local branch of head 3) make changes locally and commit to local branch 4) ...

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  • Server Vs Service / Physical Vs Virtual

    - by user559142
    When reading definitions for a server service (e.g. iis) you will often find that there are several cross references to a virtual server but none seem to definitively refer to the two as the same..... Can somebody help me to understand the differences - I cannot get my head around what the difference between each is? Ideally I would like to know the differences between the following/or indeed if any refer to the same... 1) Logical Server 2) Virtual Host 3) Logical Partition 4) Physical Server Vs Virtual Server 5) Server Service Vs Virtual Host

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  • Does using Apache Basic Auth affect yum installations?

    - by MJB
    I don't have further information yet, but I am going to be troubleshooting this in the morning and I wanted to get a head-start. Is there any reason that a yum install (that worked fine yesterday) would fail after I set up basic authentication in Apache last night? I have searched with google and SF for almost an hour and can't find anything relevant.

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  • Rescuing files and commits from "no branch" in git

    - by Xeoncross
    I started working on some files I had in a git submodule under another project. However, since it was a git submodule it never checked out "master" and instead just checked out the head and placed all the files in the folder in "no branch". Now that I've made some changes by accident to these files I just realized that I was working in a "no branch", submodule of my project. How do I get those files into a branch (like master) so I can rescue them?

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  • Sum if ONLY all the cells have a value?

    - by Mike
    Hi I need to sum 9 cells of data, each one on a separate sheet, but always in the same location. I only want a figure returned when all the cells have data, even if it's a 0. But, if one of the cells is blank I want a blank return. I'm trying to get my head around, making it up actually, where the IFs and ISBLANK and SUMS would go. Any pointers would be greatly appreciated. SUM(IF(ISBLANK(RANGEA,OR(RANGEB),0,ALLRANGES))) Many thanks Michael

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  • Boot-camp wont boot into os x

    - by Aron Horan
    I've tried everything but I can't get MacBook 1,1 (which was running leopard) to boot os x after installing windows 7. I had the drivers for windows in a .pkg file and didnt realise it won't install them in windows. I am totally stuck with a half usefull windows system, any help would be greatly appricatet. Note: I've tried every startup command (ie hold x, hold option, hold c)with no joy, my head is wrecked

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  • Using cd to go up multiple directory levels

    - by Tossrock
    I'm dealing with java projects which often result in deeply nested folders (/path/to/project/com/java/lang/whatever, etc) and sometimes want to be able to jump, say, 4 directory levels upwards. Typing cd ../../../.. is a pain, and I don't want to symlink. Is there some flag to cd that lets you go up multiple directory levels (in my head, it would be something like cd -u 4)? Unfortunately I can't find any man page for cd specifically, instead just getting the useless "builtins" page.

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  • How to change default user (ubuntu) via CloudInit on AWS

    - by Gui Ambros
    I'm using CloudInit to automate the startup of my instances on AWS. I followed the (scarce) documentation available at http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~cloud-init-dev/cloud-init/trunk/annotate/head%3A/doc/examples/cloud-config.txt and examples on /usr/share/doc/cloud-init, but still haven't figured out how to change the default username (ubuntu, id:1000). I know I can create a script to manually delete the default ubuntu and add my user, but seems counter intuitive given that CloudInit exist exactly to automate the initial setup. Any ideas?

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  • LINQ 4 XML - What is the proper way to query deep in the tree structure?

    - by Keith Barrows
    I have an XML structure that is 4 deep: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <EmailRuleList xmlns:xsd="EmailRules.xsd"> <TargetPST name="Tech Communities"> <Parse emailAsList="true" useJustDomain="false" fromAddress="false" toAddress="true"> <EmailRule address="@aspadvice.com" folder="Lists, ASP" saveAttachments="false" /> <EmailRule address="@sqladvice.com" folder="Lists, SQL" saveAttachments="false" /> <EmailRule address="@xmladvice.com" folder="Lists, XML" saveAttachments="false" /> </Parse> <Parse emailAsList="false" useJustDomain="false" fromAddress="false" toAddress="true"> <EmailRule address="[email protected]" folder="Special Interest Groups|Northern Colorado Architects Group" saveAttachments="false" /> <EmailRule address="[email protected]" folder="Support|SpamBayes" saveAttachments="false" /> </Parse> <Parse emailAsList="false" useJustDomain="false" fromAddress="true" toAddress="false"> <EmailRule address="[email protected]" folder="Support|GoDaddy" saveAttachments="false" /> <EmailRule address="[email protected]" folder="Support|No-IP.com" saveAttachments="false" /> <EmailRule address="[email protected]" folder="Discussions|Orchard Project" saveAttachments="false" /> </Parse> <Parse emailAsList="false" useJustDomain="true" fromAddress="true" toAddress="false"> <EmailRule address="@agilejournal.com" folder="Newsletters|Agile Journal" saveAttachments="false"/> <EmailRule address="@axosoft.ccsend.com" folder="Newsletters|Axosoft Newsletter" saveAttachments="false"/> <EmailRule address="@axosoft.com" folder="Newsletters|Axosoft Newsletter" saveAttachments="false"/> <EmailRule address="@cmcrossroads.com" folder="Newsletters|CM Crossroads" saveAttachments="false" /> <EmailRule address="@urbancode.com" folder="Newsletters|Urbancode" saveAttachments="false" /> <EmailRule address="@urbancode.ccsend.com" folder="Newsletters|Urbancode" saveAttachments="false" /> <EmailRule address="@Infragistics.com" folder="Newsletters|Infragistics" saveAttachments="false" /> <EmailRule address="@zdnet.online.com" folder="Newsletters|ZDNet Tech Update Today" saveAttachments="false" /> <EmailRule address="@sqlservercentral.com" folder="Newsletters|SQLServerCentral.com" saveAttachments="false" /> <EmailRule address="@simple-talk.com" folder="Newsletters|Simple-Talk Newsletter" saveAttachments="false" /> </Parse> </TargetPST> <TargetPST name="[Sharpen the Saw]"> <Parse emailAsList="false" useJustDomain="false" fromAddress="false" toAddress="true"> <EmailRule address="[email protected]" folder="Head Geek|Job Alerts" saveAttachments="false" /> <EmailRule address="[email protected]" folder="Social|LinkedIn USMC" saveAttachments="false"/> </Parse> <Parse emailAsList="false" useJustDomain="false" fromAddress="true" toAddress="false"> <EmailRule address="[email protected]" folder="Head Geek|Job Alerts" saveAttachments="false" /> <EmailRule address="[email protected]" folder="Head Geek|Job Alerts" saveAttachments="false" /> <EmailRule address="[email protected]" folder="Social|Cruise Critic" saveAttachments="false"/> </Parse> <Parse emailAsList="false" useJustDomain="true" fromAddress="true" toAddress="false"> <EmailRule address="@moody.edu" folder="Social|5 Love Languages" saveAttachments="false" /> <EmailRule address="@postmaster.twitter.com" folder="Social|Twitter" saveAttachments="false"/> <EmailRule address="@diabetes.org" folder="Physical|American Diabetes Association" saveAttachments="false"/> <EmailRule address="@membership.webshots.com" folder="Social|Webshots" saveAttachments="false"/> </Parse> </TargetPST> </EmailRuleList> Now, I have both an FromAddress and a ToAddress that is parsed from an incoming email. I would like to do a LINQ query against a class set that was deserialized from this XML. For instance: ToAddress = [email protected] FromAddress = [email protected] Query: Get EmailRule.Include(Parse).Include(TargetPST) where address == ToAddress AND Parse.ToAddress==true AND Parse.useJustDomain==false Get EmailRule.Include(Parse).Include(TargetPST) where address == [ToAddress Domain Only] AND Parse.ToAddress==true AND Parse.useJustDomain==true Get EmailRule.Include(Parse).Include(TargetPST) where address == FromAddress AND Parse.FromAddress==true AND Parse.useJustDomain==false Get EmailRule.Include(Parse).Include(TargetPST) where address == [FromAddress Domain Only] AND Parse.FromAddress==true AND Parse.useJustDomain==true I am having a hard time figuring this LINQ query out. I can, of course, loop on all the bits in the XML like so (includes deserialization into objects): XmlSerializer s = new XmlSerializer(typeof(EmailRuleList)); TextReader r = new StreamReader(path); _emailRuleList = (EmailRuleList)s.Deserialize(r); TargetPST[] PSTList = _emailRuleList.Items; foreach (TargetPST targetPST in PSTList) { olRoot = GetRootFolder(targetPST.name); if (olRoot != null) { Parse[] ParseList = targetPST.Items; foreach (Parse parseRules in ParseList) { EmailRule[] EmailRuleList = parseRules.Items; foreach (EmailRule targetFolders in EmailRuleList) { } } } } However, this means going through all these loops for each and every address. It makes more sense to me to query against the Objects. Any tips appreciated!

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  • 3 column sticky footer

    - by blackessej
    html, body, #box { padding:0px; margin:0px; height:100%; min-height:100%; } body { background-image:url(images/footerbg.png); background-repeat:repeat-x repeat-y scroll; font-size:12px; font-family:Georgia; color:#564b47; } p, h1 { margin:0px 10px 10px 10px; } h1 { font-size:14px; padding-top:10px; text-transform:uppercase; color:#564b47; background-color:transparent; } a { color:#ff66cc; font-size:11px; background-color:transparent; text-decoration:none; } pre { color:#564b47; font-size:11px; background-color:transparent; } #box { position:relative; width:750px; margin:0 auto; text-align:left; height:auto!important; } #shadow { background:url("images/shadow.png") repeat-y scroll 0 0 transparent; width:760px; margin:auto; padding:0px; text-align:left; height:100%; z-index:0; margin-bottom:-40px; } #left { width:175px; float:left; background-color:#ff99cc; height:auto!important; height:100%; min-height:100%; text-align:left; } #content { width:400px; float:left; overflow:auto; background-color:#fff; height:auto!important; } #right { width:175px; float:right; background-color:#ff99cc; height:auto!important; height:100%; min-height:100%; text-align:right; } #head { background-image:url(images/banner.png); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-color:#000; height:125px; text-align:center; margin:auto; } #menu { width:100%; } p a { color:#000; text-decoration:underline; } a { color:#fb0303; text-decoration:none; outline:none; } a:visited { color:#fb0303; } p a:hover { text-decoration:underline!important; } ul#nav { margin:auto; width:100%; } ul#nav li a { display:block; font-size:12px; font-weight:bold; padding:4px; background:#000; } ul#nav li a:hover { background:#000; color:#fff; } li { list-style:none; top:100px; float:left; position:relative; width:110px; text-align:center; } li ul { display:none; position:relative; width:auto; margin-left:6px; border-top:4px dotted #fb0303; } li>ul { top:-102px; left:-40px; } li:hover ul, li.over ul { display:block; } ul#nav li.current a { background:#000; } ul#nav li.current a:hover { background:#000; } #player { width:360px; height:240px; position:absolute; z-index:2; } #head h1 { font-size:11px; text-transform:uppercase; text-align:right; color:#564b47; background-color:#90897a; padding:5px 15px; margin:0px; } #head p { padding:10px; margin:0px; } .footer { position:relative; height:40px; background-color:#444; } I want the three columns to be 100% height so that they go all the way to the footer. Right now, they're only as long as their content. The columns are #left, #right and #content. Pretty new to this stuff. Please feel free to point out sloppy code, redundancy, etc. And thank you.

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  • What statistics can be maintained for a set of numerical data without iterating?

    - by Dan Tao
    Update Just for future reference, I'm going to list all of the statistics that I'm aware of that can be maintained in a rolling collection, recalculated as an O(1) operation on every addition/removal (this is really how I should've worded the question from the beginning): Obvious Count Sum Mean Max* Min* Median** Less Obvious Variance Standard Deviation Skewness Kurtosis Mode*** Weighted Average Weighted Moving Average**** OK, so to put it more accurately: these are not "all" of the statistics I'm aware of. They're just the ones that I can remember off the top of my head right now. *Can be recalculated in O(1) for additions only, or for additions and removals if the collection is sorted (but in this case, insertion is not O(1)). Removals potentially incur an O(n) recalculation for non-sorted collections. **Recalculated in O(1) for a sorted, indexed collection only. ***Requires a fairly complex data structure to recalculate in O(1). ****This can certainly be achieved in O(1) for additions and removals when the weights are assigned in a linearly descending fashion. In other scenarios, I'm not sure. Original Question Say I maintain a collection of numerical data -- let's say, just a bunch of numbers. For this data, there are loads of calculated values that might be of interest; one example would be the sum. To get the sum of all this data, I could... Option 1: Iterate through the collection, adding all the values: double sum = 0.0; for (int i = 0; i < values.Count; i++) sum += values[i]; Option 2: Maintain the sum, eliminating the need to ever iterate over the collection just to find the sum: void Add(double value) { values.Add(value); sum += value; } void Remove(double value) { values.Remove(value); sum -= value; } EDIT: To put this question in more relatable terms, let's compare the two options above to a (sort of) real-world situation: Suppose I start listing numbers out loud and ask you to keep them in your head. I start by saying, "11, 16, 13, 12." If you've just been remembering the numbers themselves and nothing more, and then I say, "What's the sum?", you'd have to think to yourself, "OK, what's 11 + 16 + 13 + 12?" before responding, "52." If, on the other hand, you had been keeping track of the sum yourself while I was listing the numbers (i.e., when I said, "11" you thought "11", when I said "16", you thought, "27," and so on), you could answer "52" right away. Then if I say, "OK, now forget the number 16," if you've been keeping track of the sum inside your head you can simply take 16 away from 52 and know that the new sum is 36, rather than taking 16 off the list and them summing up 11 + 13 + 12. So my question is, what other calculations, other than the obvious ones like sum and average, are like this? SECOND EDIT: As an arbitrary example of a statistic that (I'm almost certain) does require iteration -- and therefore cannot be maintained as simply as a sum or average -- consider if I asked you, "how many numbers in this collection are divisible by the min?" Let's say the numbers are 5, 15, 19, 20, 21, 25, and 30. The min of this set is 5, which divides into 5, 15, 20, 25, and 30 (but not 19 or 21), so the answer is 5. Now if I remove 5 from the collection and ask the same question, the answer is now 2, since only 15 and 30 are divisible by the new min of 15; but, as far as I can tell, you cannot know this without going through the collection again. So I think this gets to the heart of my question: if we can divide kinds of statistics into these categories, those that are maintainable (my own term, maybe there's a more official one somewhere) versus those that require iteration to compute any time a collection is changed, what are all the maintainable ones? What I am asking about is not strictly the same as an online algorithm (though I sincerely thank those of you who introduced me to that concept). An online algorithm can begin its work without having even seen all of the input data; the maintainable statistics I am seeking will certainly have seen all the data, they just don't need to reiterate through it over and over again whenever it changes.

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  • Link List Implementation Help - Visual C++

    - by Greenhouse Gases
    Hi there I'm trying to implement a link list which stores the city name (though you will see this commented out as I need to resolve the issue of not being able to use string and needing to use a primitive data type instead during the declaration), longitude, latitude and of course a pointer to the next node in the chain. I am new to the Visual C++ environment and my brain is somewhat scrambled after coding for several straight hours today so I wondered if anyone could help resolve the 2 errors I am getting (ignore the #include syntax as I had to change them to avoid the browser interpreting html!): 1U08221.obj : error LNK2028: unresolved token (0A000298) "public: __thiscall Locations::Locations(void)" (??0Locations@@$$FQAE@XZ) referenced in function "int __clrcall main(cli::array^)" (?main@@$$HYMHP$01AP$AAVString@System@@@Z) 1U08221.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall Locations::Locations(void)" (??0Locations@@$$FQAE@XZ) referenced in function "int __clrcall main(cli::array^)" (?main@@$$HYMHP$01AP$AAVString@System@@@Z) The code for my header file is here: include string struct locationNode { //char[10] nodeCityName; double nodeLati; double nodeLongi; locationNode* Next; }; class Locations { private: int size; public: Locations(); // constructor for the class locationNode* Head; int Add(locationNode* Item); }; and here is the code for the file containing the main method: // U08221.cpp : main project file. include "stdafx.h" include "Locations.h" include iostream include string using namespace std; int n = 0; int x; string cityNameInput; bool acceptedInput = false; int Locations::Add(locationNode *NewItem) { locationNode *Sample = new locationNode; Sample = NewItem; Sample-Next = Head; Head = Sample; return size++; } void CorrectCase(string name) // Correct upper and lower case letters of input { x = name.size(); int firstLetVal = name[0], letVal; n = 1; // variable for name index from second letter onwards if((name[0] 90) && (name[0] < 123)) // First letter is lower case { firstLetVal = firstLetVal - 32; // Capitalise first letter name[0] = firstLetVal; } while(n <= x - 1) { if((name[n] = 65) && (name[n] <= 90)) { letVal = name[n] + 32; name[n] = letVal; } n++; } cityNameInput = name; } void nameValidation(string name) { n = 0; // start from first letter x = name.size(); while(!acceptedInput) { if((name[n] = 65) && (name[n] <= 122)) // is in the range of letters { while(n <= x - 1) { while((name[n] =91) && (name[n] <=97)) // ERROR!! { cout << "Please enter a valid city name" << endl; cin name; } n++; } } else { cout << "Please enter a valid city name" << endl; cin name; } if(n <= x - 1) { acceptedInput = true; } } cityNameInput = name; } int main(array ^args) { cout << "Enter a city name" << endl; cin cityNameInput; nameValidation(cityNameInput); // check is made up of valid characters CorrectCase(cityNameInput); // corrects name to standard format of capitalised first letter, and lower case subsequent letters cout << cityNameInput; cin cityNameInput; Locations::Locations(); Locations *Parts = new Locations(); locationNode *Part; Part = new locationNode; //Part-nodeCityName = "London"; Part-nodeLati = 87; Part-nodeLongi = 80; Parts-Add(Part); } I am familiar with the concepts but somewhat inexperienced with OOP so am making some silly errors that you can never find when you've stared at something too long. Any help you can offer will be appreciated! Thanks

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  • No method error in controller create action

    - by user2799827
    I have read a number of Q&As on SO in search of some help on this but have so far not solved my issue. I am trying to teach myself ruby/rails, and as a test project, I want to create a list of tvshows and a list of characters where each tvshow has_many characters and each character belongs_to a specific show. I am sure I am doing something basic incorrectly. Any assistance would be greatly appreciated. here is the characters controller: class CharactersController < ApplicationController before_action :set_character, only: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy] # GET /characters # GET /characters.json def index @characters = Character.all end # GET /characters/1 # GET /characters/1.json def show end # GET /characters/new def new @character = Character.new end # GET /characters/1/edit def edit end # POST /characters # POST /characters.json def create @character = @tvshow.characters.create(params[:character]) respond_to do |format| if @character.save format.html { redirect_to @character, notice: 'Character was successfully created.' } format.json { render action: 'show', status: :created, location: @character } else format.html { render action: 'new' } format.json { render json: @character.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity } end end end # PATCH/PUT /characters/1 # PATCH/PUT /characters/1.json def update respond_to do |format| if @character.update(character_params) format.html { redirect_to @character, notice: 'Character was successfully updated.' } format.json { head :no_content } else format.html { render action: 'edit' } format.json { render json: @character.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity } end end end # DELETE /characters/1 # DELETE /characters/1.json def destroy @character.destroy respond_to do |format| format.html { redirect_to characters_url } format.json { head :no_content } end end private # Use callbacks to share common setup or constraints between actions. def set_character @character = Character.find(params[:id]) end # Never trust parameters from the scary internet, only allow the white list through. def character_params params.require(:character).permit(:first_name, :last_name, :bio) end end character model: class Character < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :tvshow default_scope -> { order('created_at DESC') } validates :tvshow_id, presence: true end tvshow model: class Tvshow < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :characters, dependent: :destroy end error gets returned when I attempt to create a character. here is the full trace: app/controllers/characters_controller.rb:27:in `create' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_controller/metal/implicit_render.rb:4:in `send_action' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:189:in `process_action' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:10:in `process_action' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:18:in `block in process_action' activesupport (4.0.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:413:in `_run__1211653665462320621__process_action__callbacks' activesupport (4.0.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:80:in `run_callbacks' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:17:in `process_action' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_controller/metal/rescue.rb:29:in `process_action' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:31:in `block in process_action' activesupport (4.0.0) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:159:in `block in instrument' activesupport (4.0.0) lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument' activesupport (4.0.0) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:159:in `instrument' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:30:in `process_action' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_controller/metal/params_wrapper.rb:245:in `process_action' activerecord (4.0.0) lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb:18:in `process_action' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:136:in `process' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb:44:in `process' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:195:in `dispatch' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_controller/metal/rack_delegation.rb:13:in `dispatch' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:231:in `block in action' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:80:in `call' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:80:in `dispatch' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:48:in `call' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:71:in `block in call' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:59:in `each' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:59:in `call' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:655:in `call' rack (1.5.2) lib/rack/etag.rb:23:in `call' rack (1.5.2) lib/rack/conditionalget.rb:35:in `call' rack (1.5.2) lib/rack/head.rb:11:in `call' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb:27:in `call' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/flash.rb:241:in `call' rack (1.5.2) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:225:in `context' rack (1.5.2) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:220:in `call' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb:486:in `call' activerecord (4.0.0) lib/active_record/query_cache.rb:36:in `call' activerecord (4.0.0) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:626:in `call' activerecord (4.0.0) lib/active_record/migration.rb:369:in `call' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:29:in `block in call' activesupport (4.0.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:373:in `_run__2792846465963916895__call__callbacks' activesupport (4.0.0) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:80:in `run_callbacks' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:27:in `call' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/reloader.rb:64:in `call' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb:76:in `call' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb:17:in `call' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:30:in `call' railties (4.0.0) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:38:in `call_app' railties (4.0.0) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:21:in `block in call' activesupport (4.0.0) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:67:in `block in tagged' activesupport (4.0.0) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:25:in `tagged' activesupport (4.0.0) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:67:in `tagged' railties (4.0.0) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:21:in `call' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb:21:in `call' rack (1.5.2) lib/rack/methodoverride.rb:21:in `call' rack (1.5.2) lib/rack/runtime.rb:17:in `call' activesupport (4.0.0) lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache.rb:83:in `call' rack (1.5.2) lib/rack/lock.rb:17:in `call' actionpack (4.0.0) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:64:in `call' railties (4.0.0) lib/rails/engine.rb:511:in `call' railties (4.0.0) lib/rails/application.rb:97:in `call' rack (1.5.2) lib/rack/lock.rb:17:in `call' rack (1.5.2) lib/rack/content_length.rb:14:in `call' rack (1.5.2) lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb:60:in `service' /Users/dariusgoore/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/webrick/httpserver.rb:138:in `service' /Users/dariusgoore/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/webrick/httpserver.rb:94:in `run' /Users/dariusgoore/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/webrick/server.rb:191:in `block in start_thread'

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  • IE 8 Automatically Closing <header> tag

    - by djthoms
    Background I am currently working on the final QA of a responsive website and I'm having an issue with IE 8 and IE 7. My client deals with government contracting so their website needs to be compatible with IE 8 and IE 7. I am using Modernizr with html5shiv built in. I am loading Modernizr in the footer of a WordPress theme that was custom built for this project. I'm not missing a doctype or any other obvious code. I am using the following scripts, all of which are loaded in the footer of WordPress: jQuery 1.10.1 Modernizr 2.6.3 (click for config) respond.js 1.3.0 superfish jQuery Waypoints 2.0.3 jQuery Waypoints Sticky 2.0.3 The Situation I'm having an issue with IE 8 automatically closing a <header> tag. First, I have used two utilities to check this issue: IETester IE 11 emulated to IE 8 w/ IE 8 User agent Here is the correct output <div class="wrapper main-header"> <header class="container"> <div class="sixteen columns alpha omega"> <div class="eight columns alpha omega logo"> <a href="http://example.com"><img src="http://example.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/logo.png" alt="Example"></a> </div> <div class="wrapper main-navigation desktop"> <nav id="nav" class="six columns alpha omega"> ... </nav> <div class="eight columns alpha omega overlay" style="display: none;"> ... </div> <div class="two columns alpha omega menu-ss"> ... </div> </div><!-- .wrapper.main-navigation --> </div><!-- /.sixteen.columns --> </header><!--/header--> </div><!-- /.main-header --> What IE 8 is rendering: <div class="wrapper main-header"> <header class="container"></header> <div class="sixteen columns alpha omega"> <div class="eight columns alpha omega logo"> <a href="http://example.com"><img src="http://example.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/logo.png" alt="Example"></a> </div> <div class="wrapper main-navigation desktop"> <nav id="nav" class="six columns alpha omega"> ... </nav> <div class="eight columns alpha omega overlay" style="display: none;"> ... </div> <div class="two columns alpha omega menu-ss"> ... </div> </div><!-- .wrapper.main-navigation --> </div><!-- /.sixteen.columns --> </header><//header><!--/header--> </div><!-- /.main-header --> What I have Tried Loading html5shiv with IE conditional in the <head> Loading Modernizr in the <head> I have looked at these Stackoverflow questions/answers: html 5 tags foorter or header in ie 8 and ie 7 html5 not rendering header tags in ie IE 8 self closing tags automatically Any assistance with this is greatly appreciated! I would really really really like to finish this website over the weekend. I've been banging my head against a wall for the past few hours over this issue. Update Here are some images from browsershack to cut out the emulation. I tested the site virtually with Windows 7 and WIndows XP (IE 8 & IE 7). http://www.browserstack.com/screenshots/0d7c1d6dd22927c20495e67f07afe8934957b4d1

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  • clearTimeout not working as expected

    - by user543314
    Javascript sliding menu stay open. clearTimeout not working as expected -can you help me please <html> <head> <style> #Menu1 {position:absolute; top:-190px; left:150px; font-size:15px;visibility:visible; background-color:#D0BCFE; width:114px;z-index:0;border-style:solid; } #Menu2 {position:absolute; top:-190px; left:580px; font-size:15px;visibility:visible; background-color:#D0BCFE; width:114px;z-index:0;border-style:solid; } #Menu3 {position:absolute; top:-190px; left:1005px; font-size:15px;visibility:visible; background-color:#D0BCFE; width:114px;z-index:0;border-style:solid; } TD.TDHREFMENUS{font-size:20;color:red;position:relative;z-index:0;background-color:#C4ABFE;border-style:solid;width:114px;} </style> <script> var stopUp=null; var stopDown=null; var mov=-143; var on; function down(id){ if (!on){ on=true; clearTimeout(stopUp) stopUp=null; } var obj=document.getElementById(id) obj.style.top=mov +"px"; if (mov <=27){ mov+=2; stopDown=setTimeout(function (){ down(id) }, 20) } } function up(id){ if (on){ on=false; clearTimeout(stopDown) stopDown=null; } var obj=document.getElementById(id) obj.style.top=mov +"px"; if (mov >=-143){ mov-=2; stopUp=setTimeout(function(){ up(id)}, 20); } } </script> </head> <body leftmargin=0 marginwidth=0 topmargin=0 marginheight=0> <div id="Menu1" onmouseover="down('Menu1')" onmouseout="up('Menu1')"> URL 1<br> URL 2<br> URL 3<br> URL 4<br> URL 5<br> URL 6<br> URL 7<br> URL 8<br> </div> </div> <div id="Menu2" onmouseover="down('Menu2')" onmouseout="up('Menu2')"> URL 1<br> URL 2<br> URL 3<br> URL 4<br> URL 5<br> URL 6<br> URL 7<br> URL 8<br> </div> </div> <div id="Menu3" onmouseover="down('Menu3')" onmouseout="up('Menu3')"> URL 1<br> URL 2<br> URL 3<br> URL 4<br> URL 5<br> URL 6<br> URL 7<br> URL 8<br> </div> </div> <TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 BORDER=1 WIDTH=100%> <TBODY> <TR> <TD align=middle CLASS="TDHREFMENUS"><span onmouseover="down('Menu1')" onmouseout="up('Menu1')">MENU 1</span> </TD> <TD align=middle CLASS="TDHREFMENUS"><span onmouseover="down('Menu2')" onmouseout="up('Menu2')">MENU 2</span> </TD> <TD align=middle CLASS="TDHREFMENUS"><span onmouseover="down('Menu3')" onmouseout="up('Menu3')">MENU 3</span> </TD> </TR> </TBODY> </TABLE> <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> <html> <head>

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  • js code works for one variable(?), how to make it work for many?

    - by jerry87
    I have working code of js, it shows different div for selected option. <html> <head> <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function(){ $('#box1').hide(); $('#box2').hide(); $('#box3').hide(); $("#thechoices").change(function(){ $("#" + this.value).show().siblings().hide(); }); $("#thechoices").change(); }); </script> </head> <body> <select id="thechoices"> <option value="box1">Box 1</option> <option value="box2">Box 2</option> <option value="box3">Box 3</option> </select> <!-- the DIVs --> <div id="boxes"> <div id="box1"><p>Box 1 stuff...</p></div> <div id="box2"><p>Box 2 stuff...</p></div> <div id="box3"><p>Box 3 stuff...</p></div> </div> </body> </html> Please, I have no js experience, so I don't know how to make it work several times on one page for many "thechoices". Something like copy paste but more suitable than this: <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function(){ $('#box1').hide(); $('#box2').hide(); $('#box3').hide(); $('#box4').hide(); $('#box5').hide(); $('#box6').hide(); $("#thechoices").change(function(){ $("#" + this.value).show().siblings().hide(); }); $("#thechoices2").change(function(){ $("#" + this.value).show().siblings().hide(); }); $("#thechoices").change(); }); $("#thechoices2").change(); }); </script> </head> <body> <select id="thechoices"> <option value="box1">Box 1</option> <option value="box2">Box 2</option> <option value="box3">Box 3</option> </select> <!-- the DIVs --> <div id="boxes"> <div id="box1"><p>Box 1 stuff...</p></div> <div id="box2"><p>Box 2 stuff...</p></div> <div id="box3"><p>Box 3 stuff...</p></div> </div> <select id="thechoices2"> <option value="box4">1</option> <option value="box5">2</option> <option value="box6">3</option> </select> <!-- the DIVs --> <div id="boxes"> <div id="box4"><p>1 stuff...</p></div> <div id="box5"><p>2 stuff...</p></div> <div id="box6"><p>3 stuff...</p></div> </div> I know you can help me, it seems to be simple but I can't handle with this. How can I change my second code to work in the same way but not only for two selectors. I need it for many. Don't want to copy paste the same section like in my second code.

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  • OBIEE 11.1.1 - How to configure HTTP compression / caching on Oracle BI Mobile app

    - by Ahmed Awan
     Applies to: OBIEE 11.1.1.5 Supported Physical Devices and OS: The Oracle BI Mobile application with HTTP compression / caching configurations is tested on following devices: iPhone 4S, 4, 3GS. iPad 2 and 1. Note these devices must be running the latest version of the iOS version, i.e. iOS 4.2.1 / iOS 5 is also supported. Configuring Pre-requisites: Prior to configuration, the Oracle Web tier software must be installed on server, as described in product documentation i.e. Enterprise Deployment Guide for Oracle Business Intelligence in Section 3.2, "Installing Oracle HTTP Server." The steps for configuring the compression and caching on Oracle HTTP Server are described in this PA blog at http://blogs.oracle.com/pa/entry/obiee_11g_user_interface_ui and in support Doc ID 1312299.1. Configuration Steps in Oracle BI Mobile application: 1. Download the BI Mobile app from the Apple iTunes App Store. The link is http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/oracle-business-intelligence/id434559909?mt=8 . 2. Add Server for example http://pew801.us.oracle.com:7777/analytics/ , here is how your “Server Setting” screen should look like on your OBI Mobile app:                                 Performance Gain Test (using Oracle® HTTP Server with OBIEE) The test with/without HTTP compression / caching was conducted on iPhone 4S / iPad 2 to measure the throughput (i.e. total bytes received) for Oracle® Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition. Below table shows the throughput comparison before and after using HTTP compression / caching for SampleApp using “QuickStart” dashboard accessing reports i.e. Overview, Details, Published Reporting and Scorecard. Testing shows that total bytes received were reduced from 2.3 MB to 723 KB. a. Test Results > Without HTTP Compression / Caching setting - Total Throughput (in Bytes) captured below: Total Bytes Statistics:        b. Test Results > With HTTP Compression / Caching settings - Total Throughput (in Bytes) captured below: Total Bytes Statistics:      

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