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• Payment gateways and XSS

  - by Rowan Parker

  Hi all, I'm working on a website which takes payment from a customer. I'm using Kohana 2.3.4 and have created a library to handle the payment gateway I use (www.eway.com.au). Basically I'm just using their sample code, copied into it's own class. Anyway, the code works fine and I can make payments, etc. The issue I have is when the payment gateway is returning the user to my site. The payment gateway uses HTTPS so that is secure, and it is sending the user back to a HTTPS page on my site. However I have the NoScript plugin installed in Firefox, and when I get sent back to the page on my website (which also handles storing the transaction data) I get an error message saying that NoScript has blocked a potential XSS attack. Now I understand why it's unsecure (POST data being sent across two different domains) but what should I be doing instead? Obviously during my testing here I temporarily disable NoScript and it all works fine, but I can't rely on that for the end users. What's the best practice here?

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• C: 8x8 -> 16 bit multiply precision guaranteed by integer promotions?

  - by craig-blome

  I'm trying to figure out if the C Standard (C90, though I'm working off Derek Jones' annotated C99 book) guarantees that I will not lose precision multiplying two unsigned 8-bit values and storing to a 16-bit result. An example statement is as follows: unsigned char foo; unsigned int foo_u16 = foo * 10; Our Keil 8051 compiler (v7.50 at present) will generate a MUL AB instruction which stores the MSB in the B register and the LSB in the accumulator. If I cast foo to a unsigned int first: unsigned int foo_u16 = (unsigned int)foo * 10; then the compiler correctly decides I want a unsigned int there and generates an expensive call to a 16x16 bit integer multiply routine. I would like to argue beyond reasonable doubt that this defensive measure is not necessary. As I read the integer promotions described in 6.3.1.1, the effect of the first line shall be as if foo and 10 were promoted to unsigned int, the multiplication performed, and the result stored as unsigned int in foo_u16. If the compiler knows an instruction that does 8x8-16 bit multiplications without loss of precision, so much the better; but the precision is guaranteed. Am I reading this correctly? Best regards, Craig Blome

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• Amazon access key showing in URL for Carrierwave and Fog

  - by kcurtin

  I just switched from storing my images uploaded via Carrierwave locally to using Amazon s3 via the fog gem in my Rails 3.1 app. While images are being added, when I click on an image in my application, the URL is providing my access key and a signature. Here is a sample URL (XXX replaced the string with the info): https://s3.amazonaws.com/bucketname/uploads/photo/image/2/IMG_4842.jpg?AWSAccessKeyId=XXX&Signature=XXX%3D&Expires=1332093418 This is happening in development (localhost:3000) and when I am using heroku for production. Here is my uploader: class ImageUploader < CarrierWave::Uploader::Base include CarrierWave::RMagick storage :fog def store_dir "uploads/#{model.class.to_s.underscore}/#{mounted_as}/#{model.id}" end process :convert => :jpg process :resize_to_limit => [640, 640] version :thumb do process :convert => :jpg process :resize_to_fill => [280, 205] end version :avatar do process :convert => :jpg process :resize_to_fill => [120, 120] end end And my config/initializers/fog.rb : CarrierWave.configure do |config| config.fog_credentials = { :provider => 'AWS', :aws_access_key_id => 'XXX', :aws_secret_access_key => 'XXX', } config.fog_directory = 'bucketname' config.fog_public = false end Anyone know how to make sure this information isn't available?

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• Server side form validation and POST data

  - by tomcritchlow

  Hi, I have a user input form here: http://www.7bks.com/create (Google login required) When you first create a list you are asked to create a public username. Unfortuantely currently there is no constraint to make this unique. I'm working on the code to enforce unique usernames at the moment and would like to know the best way to do it. Tech details: appengine, python, webapp framework What I'm planning is something like this: first the /create form posts the data to /inputlist/ (this is the same as currently happens) /inputlist/ queries the datastore for the given username. If it already exists then redirect back to /create display the /create page with all the info previously but with an additional error message of "this username is already taken" My question is: Is this the best way of handling server side validation? What's the best way of storing the list details while I verify and modify the username? As I see it I have 3 options to store the list details but I'm not sure which is "best": Store the list details in the session cookie (I am using GAEsessions for cookies) Define a separate POST class for /create and post the list data back from /inputlist/ to the /create page (currently /create only has a GET class) Store the list in the datastore, even though the username is non-unique. Thank you very much for your help :) I'm pretty new to python and coding in general so if I've missed something obvious my apologies. Tom PS - I'm sure I can eventually figure it out but I can't find any documentation on POSTing data using the webapp appengine framework which I'd need in order to do solution 2 above :s maybe you could point me in the right direction for that too? Thanks! PPS - It's a little out of date now but you can see roughly how the /create and /inputlist/ code works at the moment here: 7bks.com Gist

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• Problem with document.location.href

  - by novellino

  Hello, I am new to Javascript and Web development and I have a question regarding the document.location.href. I am using a cookie for storing the language the user prefers and then load the english or the swedish version depending on the language. The default language in the beginning is the same as the browser's language, and my index.jsp is the swedish one. The first time everything works fine. The problem is when the cookie exists already. The basic code is: if (language!=null && language!=""){ if (language=="en-US" || language=="en-us") document.location.href = "en/index.jsp"; } else{ //Explorer if (navigator.userLanguage) language = navigator.userLanguage; //other browsers else language = (navigator.language) ? navigator.language : navigator.userLanguage; if (language!=null && language!=""){ setCookie('language', language, 365, '/', 'onCheck'); if (language=="en-US" || language=="en-us") document.location.href = "en/index.jsp"; else if(language=="sv") document.location.href="index.jsp"; } } When the cookie exists we enter the first "if", and there, if the language is swedish it opens the default blabla/index.jsp page. When the language is set to engish it should open the blabla/en/index.jsp but instead it opens the blabla/en/en/index.jsp which of course is wrong. Does anyone know what I am doing wrong?? Thanks

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• PEAR mail not sending to .eu email addresses

  - by andy-score

  I have a PEAR mailing script that is used to send newsletters from a clients website. I've used the same code before to produce another newsletter system and it has worked well and been used to send emails to various addresses, however our latest client has email addresses ending .eu and this seems to cause a problem. When the newsletter is sent from the site to the various subscribers, including gmail, hotmail, yahoo and our own company emails, the emails are received correctly by all but the clients email addresses, the ones ending in .eu. As there is nothing different between their mailing system and our own, which is run from the same hosting company, I have to conclude that it is something to do with the domain name. The emails are being sent to the addresses from the system, as I have a log file storing the email addresses when the mail out function is called, but the newsletter never appears in the inbox. I have created a new email account for the domain and that too isn't receiving the emails. It's not going into a spam folder as the webmail system marks spam by adding SPAM into the subject. I've tried to log if there are any errors using the following foreach($subscribers as $recipient) { $send_newsletter = $mail->send($recipient, $headers, $body); // LOG INFO $message = $recipient; if($send_newsletter) { $message .= ' SENT'; } elseif(PEAR::isError($send_newsletter)) { $message .= ' ERROR: '.$send_newsletter->getMessage(); } $message .= ' | '; fwrite($log_file,$message); } However this simple returns SENT for all recipients, so in theory there isn't anything wrong with the mailing function. I don't know a great deal about PEAR or the mailing function so I may be missing something important, but I'd have thought seeing the last thing to happen is sending the email out, and that seems to work, then it should reach the clients inbox. Is this something to do with the PEAR mailing function not liking .eu addresses or is it more likely to be something wrong in my code or with their domain? Any help is greatly appreciated as the client and myself are getting both confused and frustrated by the whole thing. Cheers

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• Web application architecture, and application servers?

  - by seanieb

  Hi, I'm building a web application, and I need to use an architecture that allows me to run it on two servers. The application scrapes information from other sites periodically, and on input from the end user. To do this I'm using Php+curl to scrape the information, Php or python to parse it and store the results in a MySQLDB. Then I will use Python to run some algorithms on the data, this will happen both periodically and on input from the end user. I'm going to cache some of the results in the MySQL DB and sometimes if it is specific to the user, skip storing the data and serve it to the user. I'm think of using Php for the website front end on a separate web server, running the Php spider, MySQL DB and python on another server. As you can see I'm fairly clueless. I'm familiar with using Php, MySQL and the basics of Python, but bringing this all together using something more complex than a cron job is new to me. How do go about implementing this? What frame work(s) should I use? Is MVC a good architecture for this? (I'm new to MVC, architectures etc.) Is Cakephp a good solution? If so will I be able to control and monitor the Python code using it?

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• Browser dependent problem rendering WMD with Showdown.js?

  - by CMPalmer

  This should be easy (at least no one else seems to be having a similar problem), but I can't see where it is breaking. I'm storing Markdown'ed text in a database that is entered on a page in my app. The text is entered using WMD and the live preview looks correct. On another page, I'm retrieving the markdown text and using Showdown.js to convert it back to HTML client-side for display. Let's say I have this text: The quick **brown** fox jumped over the *lazy* dogs. 1. one 1. two 4. three 17. four I'm using this snippet of Javascript in my jQuery document ready event to convert it: var sd = new Attacklab.showdown.converter(); $(".ClassOfThingsIWantConverted").each(function() { this.innerHTML = sd.makeHtml($(this).html()); } I suspect this is where my problem is, but it almost works. In FireFox, I get what I expected: The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dogs. one two three four But in IE (7 and 6), I get this: The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dogs. 1. one 1. two 4. three 17. four So apparently, IE is stripping the breaks in my markdown code and just converting them to spaces. When I do a view source of the original code (prior to the script running), the breaks are there inside the container DIV. What am I doing wrong? UPDATE It is caused by the IE innerHTML/innerText "quirk" and I should have mentioned before that this one on an ASP.Net page using data bound controls - there are obviously a lot of different workarounds otherwise.

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• Existing Calendar Software for Web Service?

  - by OverClocked

  I'd like to offer users of my web platform calendars, and also offer group calendar and public calendar features. I know of Google Calendar API, of course, but that would require all my users to have Google accounts (although, I guess the question is who does not these days). I am wondering if there are any other alternatives? I can write my own, but this has gotten to have been done thousands of times already! I am looking not so much at the front end; we'd probably going to re-skin the UI anyways. But I want a solution that has good backend support for storing events and recurring events, and maintaining multiple calendars. Ideally, the engine would also support things like shared event between different calendars, syncing with other calendars, etc. Sad thing is that this does seem like Google Calendar would cover it, but asking all the users to have to have google accounts may not be realistic. Especially since we'd also want to create group calendars, and I am not sure under who's google account that'd be, and if that'd even be covered under their terms of use. Your thoughts? Thanks.

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• Attempting to Convert Byte[] into Image... but is there platform issues involved

  - by user305535

  Greetings, Current, I'm attempting to develop an application that takes a Byte Array that is streamed to us from a Linux C language program across a TCPClient (stream) and reassemble it back into an image/jpg. The "sending" application was developed by a off-site developer who claims that the image reassembles back into an image without any problems or errors in his test environment (all Linux)... However, we are not so fortunate. I (believe) we successfully get all of the data sent, storing it as a string (lets us append the stream until it is complete) and then we convert it back into a Byte[]. This appears to be working fine... But, when we take the byte[] we get from the streaming (and our string assembly) and try to convert it into an image using the System.Drawing.Image.FromStream() we get errors.... Anyone have any idea what we're doing wrong? Or, does anyone know if this is a cross-platform issue? We're developing our app for Windows XP and C# .net, but the off-site developer did his work in c and Linux... perhaps there's some difference as to how each Operating System Coverts Images into Byte Arrays? Anyway, here's the code for converting our received ByteArray (from the TCPClient Stream) into an image. This code works when we send an image from a test machine we built that RUNS on XP, but not from the Linux box... System.Text.ASCIIEncoding encoding = new System.Text.ASCIIEncoding(); byte[] imageBytes = encoding.GetBytes(data); MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(imageBytes, 0, imageBytes.Length); // Convert byte[] to Image ms.Write(imageBytes, 0, imageBytes.Length); System.Drawing.Image image = System.Drawing.Image.FromStream(ms, false); <-- DIES here, throws a {System.ArgumentException: Parameter is not valid.} error Any advice, suggestions, theories, or HELP would be GREATLY appreciated! Please let me know??? Best wishes all! Thanks in advance! Greg

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• Looking for a web based, embeddable file manager

  - by Kristi H.

  I'm looking for a web based, embeddable file manager. I haven't found anything suitable through Google or the Stack Overflow archives. Does anyone know of a file manager that meets the following criteria? The file manager must… …be embeddable (e.g. Flash or a Java applet) …run from my server (no storing uploads in a remote location) …be licensed for business use (fees are okay) …let me disable uploads. Users shouldn't be able to upload files, only download them …allow me to tag files and/or place them in folders …let me disable authentication or handle it from the backend. My app already has a login system and I don't want to make users log in twice …allow users to select and download multiple files …have an attractive interface The file manager should… …have an external config file …display thumbnail previews for files …be skinnable …be actively developed or at least actively maintained Thanks for your help. I need a sophisticated file manager and I'd like to avoid writing it from scratch.

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• Building a custom CMS, how to handle page settings?

  - by davidosomething

  Not a coldfusion specific question so answer however you can. I've inherited a ColdFusion project where at the top of every page various page-setting specific variables are set, such as: <cfset request.page.title = "Example Page"> <cfset request.page.machineTitle = "example_page"> <cfset request.page.isJQueryEnabled = 1> <cfset request.page.showNavigation = 1> <cfset request.page.SWFObjectVersion = 2.2> I'm thinking about creating a database table with just integer page_id varchar key varchar value I'd reduce the variables at the top of every page to just the page id, and then call the DB for the correct settings. Is this a good idea? I hate reinventing the wheel, but this is a really big project that would require many months for a full content migration to a CMS. What are the current practices for storing page settings? (e.g., what does WordPress do? Drupal? etc.)

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• Drupal Studs help me with my form_alter hook ( I am almost there)

  - by user363036

  So I think I am almost there conceptually but need some missing pointers. Objective is to add a few more fields to the normal user registration form, style it a little, then submit it with storing the extra fields in a table. This is what I have so far. Can someone give me the final nudge and get me going. Please help me. Also how do I apply some minor styling like aligning the new form fields ? Thank you so much !!!!!!!!! function module_menu() { $items = array(); $items['school/registration'] = array( 'title' = 'Upgraded Registration Form', 'page callback' ='module_school_register', 'type' = MENU_CALLBACK ); return $items; }//end of the function function module_school_register(){ return drupal_get_form('form_school_register'); }//end of the function function module_school_form_alter(&$form, $form_state, $form_id) { dsm($form_id); if ($form_id == 'user_registration_form') { // modify the "#submit" form property by prepending another submit handler array $form['#submit'] = array_merge( array('_module_registration_submit' = array()), $form['#submit'] ); } } function _module_registration_submit($form_id, $form_values) { // store extra data in different table } function module_registration_validate($form, &$form_state) { $error=0; //Validation stuff here, set $error to true if something went wrong, or however u want to do this. Completely up to u in how u set errors. if ($error) { form_set_error('new_field_name', 'AHH SOMETHING WRONG!'); } }

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• php sessions in database only writing part of information to the table...

  - by Ronedog

  I'm having difficulty figuring out what's going on here, hoping some one can help me out. I have been using php, mysql storing my session information in the database. The app is only running on localhost, vista. In the php.ini file I commented out the "session.save_handler = files" line and am using a php class to handle the session writes/reads, etc. My login process is this: Submit login credentials via login.php. login.php calls loginprocess.php. loginprocess.php verifies user, and if valid starts a new session and adds data to the session vars, then it redirects to index.php. Here's the problem. the loginprocess.php page has a bunch of session vars that get set like $_SESSION['account_id'] = $account_id; etc. but when I go to index.php and do a var_dump($_SESSION) it just says "array() empty". However, if I do a var_dump($_SESSION) in loginprocess.php, just before the redirection line header("Location: ../index.php"); then it shows all the data in the session variable. If I look in the database where the session information is stored, there is data in the session_id field, created_ts field, and expires field, but the session_data field has nothing inside of it and in the past this is the field where all my session data was stored. How could I be able to var_dump the session in loginprocess.php, but the data not exist in the db table, is it using some kind of caching? I cleared my cookies, etc...but no change. Why is the session_id, being written to the table, but the actual session data is not? Any ideas are appreciated. Thanks.

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• Unable to store NSNumber in core data

  - by Kamlesh

  Hi all, I am using Core Data in my application.I have an attribute named PINCode which has property Int64. Now,in my app I take the PIN code from a text field,convert it into NSNumber and try to store as an attribute value for an entity.But I am unable to do so.The exception that it shows on the console is:- Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: 'Unacceptable type of value for attribute: property = "PINCode"; desired type = NSNumber; given type = NSCFString; value = 121.' Here is the code:- (Conversion to NSNumber):- NSString *str= txtPINCode.text; NSNumber *num = [[NSNumber alloc]init]; int tempNum = [str intValue]; num = [NSNumber numberWithInt:tempNum]; (Storing in core data entity):- NSManagedObjectContext *context = [appDelegate managedObjectContext]; NSManagedObject *newContact; newContact = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"MemberTable" inManagedObjectContext:context]; [newContact setValue:num forKey:@"PINCode"]; The app crashes at this point.I am unable to find the reason of crash.I have also tried to check the conversion by the following code:- NSNumber *testNumber = [[NSNumber alloc]init]; id test = num; BOOL testMe = [test isKindOfClass:(Class)testNumber]; Can anybody help me with this?? Thanks in advance.

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• sharing message object between web applications

  - by jezhilvalan

  I need to share java mail message objects between two web applications(A and B). WebApplication A obtains the message and write it to the outputStream for(int i=0;i<messagesArr.length;i++){ uid = pop3FolderObj.getUID(messagesArr[i]); //storing messages with uid names inorder to maintain uniqueness File f = new File("F:/PersistedMessagesFolder" + uid); FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(f); messagesArr[i].writeTo(fos); fos.flush(); fos.close(); } Is FileOutputStream the best output stream for persisting message objects? Is it possible to use ObjectOutputStream for message object persistence? WebApplication B reads the message object via InputStream FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("F:/MessagesPersistedFolder"+uid); MimeMessage mm = new MimeMessage(sessionObj,fis); What if the mail message object which is already written via WebApplication A is not a MimeMessage? How can I read non-mime messages using input stream? MimeMessage constructor mandates sessionObj as the first parameter? How can I obtain this sessionObj in WebApplicationB? Do I have to again establish store connection with the same emailid,emailpassword,popserver and port(already used in WebApplication A) with the email server inorder to obtain this session object? Even if obtained, will this session object remains the same as that of the session object which is priorly obtained in WebApplicationA? Since I am using uids to name Message objects (inorder to maintain uniqueness of file names) how can I share these uids between WebApplication A and WebApplication B? WebApplication B needs the uid inorder to access the specific file which is present in "F:/MessagesPersistedFolder" Please help me in resolving the aforeseen issues.

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• Updating a local sqlite db that is used for local metadata & caching from an service?

  - by Pharaun

  I've searched through the site and haven't found a question/answer that quite answer my question, the closest one I found was: Syncing objects between two disparate systems best approach. Anyway to begun, because there is no RSS feeds available, I'm screen scrapping a webpage, hence it does a fetch then it goes through the webpage to scrap out all of the information that I'm interested in and dumps that information into a sqlite database so that I can query the information at my leisure without doing repeat fetching from the website. However I'm also storing various metadata on the data itself that is stored in the sqlite db, such as: have I looked at the data, is the data new/old, bookmark to a chunk of data (Think of it as a collection of unrelated data, and the bookmark is just a pointer to where I am in processing/reading of the said data). So right now my current problem is trying to figure out how to update the local sqlite database with new data and/or changed data from the website in a manner that is effective and straightforward. Here's my current idea: Download the page itself Create a temporary table for the parsed data to go into Do a comparison between the official and the temporary table and copy updates and/or new information to the official table This process seems kind of complicated because I would have to figure out how to determine if the data in the temporary table is new, updated, or unchanged. So I am wondering if there isn't a better approach or if anyone has any suggestion on how to architecture/structure such system?

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• Parallel version of loop not faster than serial version

  - by Il-Bhima

  I'm writing a program in C++ to perform a simulation of particular system. For each timestep, the biggest part of the execution is taking up by a single loop. Fortunately this is embarassingly parallel, so I decided to use Boost Threads to parallelize it (I'm running on a 2 core machine). I would expect at speedup close to 2 times the serial version, since there is no locking. However I am finding that there is no speedup at all. I implemented the parallel version of the loop as follows: Wake up the two threads (they are blocked on a barrier). Each thread then performs the following: Atomically fetch and increment a global counter. Retrieve the particle with that index. Perform the computation on that particle, storing the result in a separate array Wait on a job finished barrier The main thread waits on the job finished barrier. I used this approach since it should provide good load balancing (since each computation may take differing amounts of time). I am really curious as to what could possibly cause this slowdown. I always read that atomic variables are fast, but now I'm starting to wonder whether they have their performance costs. If anybody has some ideas what to look for or any hints I would really appreciate it. I've been bashing my head on it for a week, and profiling has not revealed much.

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• Why does this JavaScript not correctly update input values?

  - by dmanexe

  I have two input fields, and without changing their names (i.e., I have to use the name with the brackets), how do I make this javascript code work? <script> function calc_concreteprice(mainform) { var oprice; var ototal; oprice = (eval(mainform.'estimate[concrete][sqft]'.value) * eval(mainform.'estimate[concrete][price]'.value)); ototal = (oprice); mainform.'estimate[concrete][quick_total]'.value = ototal; } </script> Here's the HTML of the input area. <tr> <td>Concrete Base Price</td> <td><input type="text" name="concrete[concrete][price]" value="" class="item_mult" onBlur="calc_concreteprice(document.forms.mainform);" /> per SF <strong>times</strong> <input type="text" name="concrete[concrete][sqft]" value="" class="item_mult" onBlur="calc_concreteprice(document.forms.mainform);" /> SF</td> <td> = <input type="text" name="concrete[concrete][quick_total]" value="" /></td> </tr> I know I can get it working by changing_the_input_name_with_underscores but I need to have the names with the brackets (storing the form contents in an array).

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• Which to use, XMP or RDF?

  - by zotty

  What's the difference between RDF and XMP? From what I can tell, XMP is derived from RDF... so what does it offer that RDF doesn't? My particular situation is this: I've got some images which need tagging with details of how an experiment was performed, and what sort of data analysis has been performed on the images. A colleague of mine is pushing for XMP, but he's thinking of the images as photos - they're not really, they're just bits of data. From what I've seen (mainly by opening images in notepad++) the XMP data looks very similar to RDF - even so far as using RDF in the tag names (e.g. <rdf:Seq>). I'd like this data to be usable by other people who use similar instruments for similar experiments, so creating a mini standard (schema?) seems like the way to go. Apologies for the lack of fundemental understanding - I'm a Doctor, not a programmer! If it makes any difference, the language of choice will be C#. Edit for more information: First off, thanks for the excellent replies - thinking of XMP as a vocabulary for RDF makes things a lot clearer. The sort of data I'll be storing wont be avaliable in any of the pre-defined sets. It'll detail experimental set ups, locations and results. I think using RDF is the way to go.

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• Team Build Reports as "Failed" Even Though All Targets Succeeded

  - by benjy

  Hi, I've written a custom MSBuild script to be used with Team Build, as I am storing PHP in TFS and of course it isn't compiled. My custom script calls the CoreGet target to get the latest version of the files, and the copies them, ZIPs, them, and FTPs the ZIP archive to a testing server. All of that is working fine. The problem I am having is that despite the build succeeding - see the output in BuildLog.txt - Done executing task "BuildStep". Done building target "FTP" in project "TFSBuild.proj". Done executing task "CallTarget". Done building target "EndToEndIteration" in project "TFSBuild.proj". Done Building Project "C:\Documents and Settings\tfsservice\Local Settings\Temp\Code\PHP\BuildType\TFSBuild.proj" (EndToEndIteration target(s)). Build succeeded. 0 Warning(s) 0 Error(s) the build still reports as having failed. The log from Visual Studio looks like so: Anyone know how I can make it report as having succeeded? Thanks very much in advance, Benjy P.S.: Please let me know if anyone would find having the whole build script helpful. Thanks!

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• Modeling complex hierarchies

  - by jdn

  To gain some experience, I am trying to make an expert system that can answer queries about the animal kingdom. However, I have run into a problem modeling the domain. I originally considered the animal kingdom hierarchy to be drawn like -animal -bird -carnivore -hawk -herbivore -bluejay -mammals -carnivores -herbivores This I figured would allow me to make queries easily like "give me all birds", but would be much more expensive to say "give me all carnivores", so I rewrote the hierarchy to look like: -animal -carnivore -birds -hawk -mammals -xyz -herbivores -birds -bluejay -mammals But now it will be much slower to query "give me all birds." This is of course a simple example, but it got me thinking that I don't really know how to model complex relationships that are not so strictly hierarchical in nature in the context of writing an expert system to answer queries as stated above. A directed, cyclic graph seems like it could mathematically solve the problem, but storing this in a relational database and maintaining it (updates) would seem like a nightmare to me. I would like to know how people typically model such things. Explanations or pointers to resources to read further would be acceptable and appreciated.

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• OOP - Handling Automated Instances of a Class - PHP

  - by dscher

  This is a topic that, as a beginner to PHP and programming, sort of perplexes me. I'm building a stockmarket website and want users to add their own stocks. I can clearly see the benefit of having each stock be a class instance with all the methods of a class. What I am stumped on is the best way to give that instance a name when I instantiate it. If I have: class Stock() { ....doing stuff..... } what is the best way to give my instances of it a name. Obviously I can write: $newStock = new Stock(); $newStock.getPrice(); or whatever, but if a user adds a stock via the app, where can the name of that instance come from? I guess that there is little harm in always creating a new child with $newStock = new Stock() and then storing that to the DB which leads me to my next question! What would be the best way to retrieve 20 user stocks(for example) into instances of class Stock()? Do I need to instantiate 20 new instances of class Stock() every time the user logs in or is there something I'm missing? I hope someone answers this and more important hope a bunch of people answer this and it somehow helps someone else who is having a hard time wrapping their head around what probably leads to a really elegant solution. Thanks guys!

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• Dynamic Method Creation

  - by TJMonk15

  So, I have been trying to research this all morning, and have had no luck. I am trying to find a way to dynamically create a method/delegate/lambda that returns a new instance of a certain class (not known until runtime) that inherits from a certain base class. I can guarantee the following about the unknown/dynamic class It will always inherit from one known Class (Row) It will have atleast 2 constructors (one accepting a long, and one accepting an IDataRecord) I plan on doign the following: Finding all classes that have a certain attribute on them Creating a delegate/method/lambda/whatever that creates a new instance of the class Storing the delegate/whatever along with some properties in a struct/class Insert the struct into a hashtable When needed, pull the info out of the hashtable and calling the delegate/whatever to get a new instance of the class and returning it/adding it to a list/etc. I need help only with #2 above!!! I have no idea where to start. I really just need some reference material to get me started, or some keywords to throw into google. This is for a compact/simple to use ORM for our office here. I understand the above is not simple, but once working, should make maintaining the code incredibly simple. Please let me know if you need any more info! And thanks in advance! :)

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• Generic property- specify the type at runtime

  - by Lirik

  I was reading a question on making a generic property, but I'm a little confused at by the last example from the first answer (I've included the relevant code below): You have to know the type at compile time. If you don't know the type at compile time then you must be storing it in an object, in which case you can add the following property to the Foo class: public object ConvertedValue { get { return Convert.ChangeType(Value, Type); } } That's seems strange: it's converting the value to the specified type, but it's returning it as an object when the value was stored as an object. Doesn't the returned object still require un-boxing? If it does, then why bother with the conversion of the type? I'm also trying to make a generic property whose type will be determined at run time: public class Foo { object Value {get;set;} Type ValType{get;set;} Foo(object value, Type type) { Value = value; ValType = type; } // I need a property that is actually // returned as the specified value type... public object ConvertedValue { get { return Convert.ChangeType(Value, ValType); } } } Is it possible to make a generic property? Does the return property still require unboxing after it's accessed?

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