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  • Exim - send certain "local" user mail to smtp

    - by Ryan Anderson
    I'm using Exim 3 and would like to know how to send some local addresses to the smtp server instead of Exim handling them as a localuser. They are local addresses in the sense that they have the same domain as listed in 'local_domains' in exim.conf. I tried using the "require_files" option on the localuser director in exim.conf, but with no luck. Any help appreciated. Thanks, Ryan

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  • Automatically Applying Security Updates for AWS Elastic Beanstalk

    - by Eric Anderson
    I've been a fan of Heroku since it's earliest days. But I like the fact that AWS Elastic Beanstalk gives you more control over the characteristics of the instances. One thing I love about Heroku is the fact that I can deploy an app and not worry about managing it. I am assuming Heroku is ensuring all OS security updates are timely applied. I just need to make sure my app is secure. My initial research on Beanstalk shows that although it builds and configures the instances for you, after that it moves to a more manual management process. Security updates won't automatically be applied to the instances. It seems there are two areas of concerns: New AMI releases - As new AMI releases hit it seems we would want to run the latest (presumably most secure). But my research seems to indicate you need to manually launch a new setup to see the latest AMI version and then create a new environment to use that new version. Is there a better automated way of rotating your instances into new AMI releases? In between releases there will be security updates released for packages. Seems we want to upgrade those as well. My research seems to indicate people install commands to occasionally run a yum update. But since new instances are created/destroyed based on usage it seems that the new instances would not always have the updates (i.e. the time between the instance creation and the first yum update). So occasionally you will have instances that aren't patched. And you are also going to have instances constantly patching themselves until the new AMI release is applied. My other concern is that perhaps these security updates haven't gone through Amazon's own review (like the AMI releases do) and it might break my app to automatically update them. I know Dreamhost once had a 12 hour outage because they were applying debian updates completely automatically without any review. I want to make sure the same thing doesn't happen to me. So my question is does Amazon provide a way to offer fully managed PaaS like Heroku? Or is AWS Elastic Beanstalk really more of just a install script and after that you are on your own (other than the monitoring and deployment tools they provide)?

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  • Running Safari from the command line adds current directory to the URL

    - by Charles Anderson
    I am trying to run the Safari browser (on Mac OS 10.4) from the command line, as follows: /Applications/Safari.app/Contents/MacOS/Safari http://localhost/dev/myfile.html However, Safari starts up and tries to access file:///Users/charlesanderson/scripts/http://localhost/dev/myfile.html /Users/charlesanderson/scripts happens to be my current directory. Can someone explain why Safari does this? Firefox is much better behaved?

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  • What configuration changes can I make to speed up extremely slow Windows VM's in ESXi 4.0.

    - by Shawn Anderson
    I've recently moved from VMWare Server to ESXi 4.0. Running on Dell T310. My VM's have been restored but they are running dog slow compared to VMWare Server. I loaded ESXi 4.0 using only default values. Where are some areas where I can tweak the performance? Even logging onto the VM's can be extremely sluggish. Trying to install software on any of them is a new experience in pain. Dell PowerEdge T310 Xeon X3460 2.80 GHz 32 GB RAM 1 HD (2 TB) I have 16 VM's on this server, but only six or so will be running during my testing. I keep an eye on the Resource Allocation and Performance tabs for the host and I never see CPU or RAM getting anywhere close to pegged. Events tab does show some notices for video RAM issues and some hints on Windows activation issues, but nothing that would point to the sort of sluggishness that I'm experiencing. 1 Windows Server 2008 R2 (64-bit) - 4 GB RAM 1 Windows 7 (32-bit) - 2 GB RAM 1 Vista (32-bit) - 1 GB RAM 3 XP (32-bit) - 1 GB RAM Over to you! Thanks - Shawn

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  • How well will ntpd work when the latency is highly variable?

    - by JP Anderson
    I have an application where we are using some non-standard networking equipment (cannot be changed) that goes into a dormant state between traffic bursts. The network latency is very high for the first packet since it's essentially waking the system, waiting for it to reconnect, and then making the first round-trip. Subsequent messages (provided they are within the next minute or so) are much faster, but still highly-latent. A typical set of pings will look like 2500ms, 900ms, 880ms, 885ms, 900ms, 890ms, etc. Given that NTP uses several round trips before computing the offset, how well can I expect ntpd to work over this kind of link? Will the initially slow first round trip be ignored based on the much different (and faster) following messages to/from the ntp server? Thanks and Regards.

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  • nginx - Redirect specific page paths to https while keeping everything else on http (in a single server call)?

    - by Kris Anderson
    From what I've gathered so far it's clear that running if statements in nginx should be avoided at all costs. Most of the examples I've found so far regarding specific page redirects involve multiple servers being used. But, isn't that a bit wasteful? I'm not sure, but I would think multiple servers to accomplish this would be somewhat slower then a single server when under heavy load. My current server call is this: server { listen 10.0.0.60:80; listen 10.0.0.60:443 default ssl; #other code } What I want to do is redirect certain http requests to https requests. For example, I want /login/ and /my-account/ to always be forced to use SSL. If you're on /help/ though, I want that served over the default http. Is there a way to accomplish this within a single server call? Or is there no downside to using 2 server calls to get this working? nginx seems to be under pretty active development and a lot of the older guides I've followed were from times when you couldn't listen to requests for port 80 and 443 within the same server call. But now that nginx has been updated to support that (I'm running 1.2.4), I'm wondering if there's a "best practice" way of handling this today. Any help would be greatly appreciated. EDIT: I did find this guide: http://redant.com.au/blog/manage-ssl-redirection-in-nginx-using-maps-and-save-the-universe/ and I updated my code as follows: map $uri $my_preferred_proto { default "http"; ~^/#/user/login "https"; } server { listen 10.0.0.60:80; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied listen 10.0.0.60:443 default ssl; if ($my_preferred_proto = "none") { set $my_preferred_proto $scheme; } if ($my_preferred_proto != $scheme) { return 301 $my_preferred_proto://mysite.com$request_uri; } It's not working though. When I change the default to https everything is redirected to SSL so it does somewhat work. But the redirect of /#/user/login is not redirecting to HTTPS. Any ideas? Also, is this a good way to go about this?

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  • How to create a readonly root linux: Can be mounted as writeable for persistent changes?

    - by Mr Anderson
    I'd like a read only file system that runs almost entirely in RAM but the compact flash or hardrive can be mounted and made writeable to make persistent changes. How do I do this on Linux? I've looked at several tutorials but none really explain how to create such a system with the option of being able to mount the storage device and make persistent changes. I looked at this so far: http://chschneider.eu/linux/thin_client/ I also looked on the old gentoo wiki but the article was very specific to Gentoo. I'll be using a debian based Linux but it would be nice I've someone could explain to me how to do this in pretty generic instructions ,that would work on any Linux distro. Thanks.

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  • Green System Administrator looking for helpful tips

    - by Joshua Anderson
    I have just been promoted to Systems Administrator for our product. We are designing a application that communicates with the cloud(Amazon EC2). I will be in charge of maintaining all Instances and their underlying components. So far this involves a set of load balanced services instances that connect to a central DB in a multi-tennant DB design. Im interested in what other Sys. Admins have discovered as invaluable tools or practices. Any resources provided will be greatly appreciated.

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  • Can I cancel a resize operation in GParted without causing data loss?

    - by Anderson Green
    I'm currently waiting for GParted to finish resizing a partition, but the progress bar is currently at 0, and it's been taking much longer than usual (perhaps an hour). Is it safe to cancel the resize operation? I don't want to wait days for the resize operation to complete, but I don't want to lose all of my files either. (Is there any way that I can simply pause the resize operation, attempt to recover files, and then resume the resize operation?) (An update: the operation has finally completed, and my files are still intact!)

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  • Setup a new domain controller over a temporary VPN, but now Windows delays startup?

    - by Kris Anderson
    I'm migrating servers from colo locations to Amazon's VPC EC2 instances. If anyone hasn't worked with Amazon VPC before, VPN is a pain in the arse! Anyways, I setup a new server that acts as the domain controller for our Amazon VPC. In order to migrate all the user accounts from our existing domain controllers I manually connected to our colo VPN using my user account on the new Amazon EC2 machine. I was able to join the domain and the new Amazon server became another domain controller on our network. So far so good. The problem I'm having is that when booting the EC2 domain controller (which is no longer connected to the VPN so it can't communicate with the existing controllers), it takes a good 6-8 minuted before I can remote into the server (instead of the 1-2 minutes it should take). Also, during this time most of the services we also run (like IIS) also give 404 errors until the 6-8 minutes have passed. It's almost like the domain controller is attempting to reach the other domain controllers first and after 6-8 minutes it falls back to the one located on the local machine? I don't think that's what's happening though, because Server 2008 R2 doesn't have primary and backup domain controllers. They're all equal as far as Windows is concerned. For my network adapter I have only one DNS listed, 127.0.0.1, so it should be looking up the local domain controller and not the other domain controllers it connected to over VPN when VPN was enabled. In the server logs I'm seeing these warnings pop up during a reboot: The winlogon notification subscriber is taking long time to handle the notification event (CreateSession). The winlogon notification subscriber took 409 second(s) to handle the notification event (CreateSession). Any ideas on what's happening here? I would try removing the existing domain controllers from the new Amazon EC2 machine, but I still need to connect over VPN a few times to migrate some data between the servers, and I don't want that change being reflected back to the other domain controllers in our colo locations.

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  • How to backup/restore OSX Parental Controls before/after complete reimage?

    - by Jim Anderson
    We typically "nuke and pave" users Mac OSX laptops if they have software issue. Prior to doing so, we backup the primary (non-admin) user's home folder. Our standard image has four accounts: Admin (uber admin user); Parent (admin account for the parents of students); Loaner (so our standard image will also work for our loaner laptop pool); Student (this is the primary, non-admin user of the laptop) Our standard image has only minimal Parental controls on the Loaner and Student accounts. Some parents choose to tighten the parental controls. We never know when parents have made changes to parental controls, or what those changes are. Once we have reimaged the machine with our standard image (minimal parental controls) we would like to be able to restore any custom parental controls parents may have placed on their student's account. Any help in this would be appreciated. Thanks.

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  • MSSQL Auditing Recomendations

    - by Josh Anderson
    As an aspiring DBA, I have recently been asssigned the task of implementing the tracking of all data changes in the database for a peice of software we are developing. After playing with microsoft's change data capture methods, Im looking into some other solutions. We are planing to distribute our product as a hosted solution and unlimited installations would be desired for maximum scalability. Ive looked at IBM's Guardium as well as DB Audit by SoftTree. Im curious if anyone has any solutions they may have used in the past or possibly any suggestions or methods to achieve complete, and of course cost effective, auditing of data changes.

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  • What is the harm in giving developers read access to application server application event logs?

    - by Jim Anderson
    I am a developer working on an ASP.NET application. The application writes logging messages to the Windows event log - a custom application log just for this application. However, I do not have any access to testing or staging web/application servers. I thought an admin could just give me read access to this event log to help in debugging problems (currently a service that is working in dev is not working in test environment and I have no idea why) but that is against my client's (I'm a consultant) policy. I feel silly to keep asking an admin to look at the event log for me. What is the harm in giving developers read access to application server application event logs? Is there a different method of application logging that sysadmins prefer programmers use? Surely, admins don't want to be fetching logging messages for developers all the time.

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  • Accessing multiple local HD's or RAID with ESXi 4.0

    - by Shawn Anderson
    How to I get additional HD's to be recognized and used by ESXi 4.0. When I purchased my system I had two 2TB HD's, but when I installed ESXi it only recognized one of them. I'm happy to get whatever number of drives that I need (I have a four bay SATA in my Dell T310). What are some options? RAID? If so, is it supported. I guess I would need hardware instead of software since ESXi is so small. The VMWare forums (where I've lived for the last two days) are a charlie foxtrot of outdated and conflicting info. I want to utilize my T310, with 32 GB RAM, 2.8GHz quad core to run many lab Windows VM's. I don't need production level availability but I do want decent performance, even though it's in a lab environment. A huge thanks to Jim B., Zypher, Helvick, and Jeff Hengesbach who posted answers to my earlier predecessor question on why ESXi was so sluggish.

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  • Is there a performance difference between Cat5 and Cat6 keystone blocks?

    - by Scott Anderson
    I'm going to be wiring my home for ethernet soon, and I've already decided that I want to use Cat6 cable to do it (faster speeds, better performance, etc). During the installation, I'd like to add wall-plates to certain rooms in my house, and the keystone blocks look like the best option for me. My question is: I've seen different keystone blocks on many cabling websites, some say Cat5e and some say Cat6. The Cat6 ones are slightly more expensive. Is there any noticeable performance gain from using a Cat6 keystone? To me, it just seems like the keystone really wouldn't matter, since it's basically like putting an RJ-45 end on a cable. Can I buy the cheaper Cat5e keystone blocks and still have the performance that Cat6 cable will give me? Thanks!

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  • Bash script getting automatically deleted from Ubuntu 12.04 Server?

    - by Kris Anderson
    I'm running a bash script on an ubuntu 12.04 through cron. The script works fine for a few weeks (runs daily backups of websites, mysql databases, and copies to Amazon S3). However, twice now I've noticed that backups stopped happening. Both times the backup script (backupscript.sh) located in my home folder was no longer there. No one else has access to this server, so nothing was manually changed on the server and no one deleted the file by mistake. The cron job (nano /etc/crontab) still references this script, but the script itself disappears. What could cause this to happen? Does Ubuntu delete the script if it runs into some sort of error?

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  • Under what circumstances might an IIS6 website be automatically deleted?

    - by E. Anderson
    Late last week my colleagues did some hardware maintenance on one of our vmWare esxi servers. One of the guests is a Windows Server 2003 Web Edition system that runs our low-traffic web sites. We discovered this morning that one of those websites was no longer working with what appeared to be an SSL error. After logging in, I found that the web site in question had been deleted from IIS! Is it possible for this to happen without a user actually going in and deleting that single web site? All of the other sites were fine. The files for the site in question had not been touched. I just re-created the web site, assigned the SSL cert, and everything was working again. When I logged in, I did see the 'Unexpected Shutdown' dialog.

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  • SharePoint 2010 and Excel Calculation Services

    - by Cj Anderson
    I'm curious what the requirements are for Excel Calculation Services in Sharepoint 2010. I found an architecture document but it doesn't list out the specific requirements. (architecture I understand that you can install all the services on one server but it isn't recommended. It then talks about how you can scale up the application servers, and web front ends. What should the hardware look like for both the application server and web front ends? Do I need to setup a standalone box for each application server?

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  • Create a dependent drop down list in a single cell in Excel

    - by Larry Anderson
    I am trying to create a dependent drop down list for a High School. The User will select cell A1, Click on Hallway 3(for example), then the user will click on cell A1 again and then select the Room #, 325 (for example). The final result should be that cell A1 shows 325. I can create the first drop down list, but the second part is where I am having great trouble. I am using Excel 2010. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks

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  • is there a GOTCHA - DBCC CHECKDB ('DBNAME', NOINDEX)?

    - by Deb Anderson
    I am turning on DBCC CHECKDB in our OLTP environment (SQL 2005,2008). System overhead is a very visible thing on our serversso I want them to be as efficient as it makes sense for them to be. HENCE - I want to turn on the NOINDEX option, an option I've never used before. My thoughts are these: if there is a problem with an index that is detected outside the integrity check, that I can just rebuild the index. Also the duration of the integrity checks will be drastically reduced, and the nastier corruption will be detected. What is the flaw in my plan? Thanks, Deb

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  • Exchange 2007 automatically adding IP to block list

    - by Tim Anderson
    This puzzled me. We have all mail directed to an ISP's spam filter, then delivered to SBS 2008 Exchange. One of the ISP's IP numbers suddenly appeared in the ES2007 block list, set to expire in 24 hours I think, so emails started bouncing. Quick look through the typically ponderous docs, and I can't see anything that says Exchange will auto-block an IP number, but nobody is admitting to adding it manually and I think it must have done. Anyone know about this or where it is configured? Obviously one could disable block lists completely but I'd like to know exactly why this happened.

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  • Exchange 2007 automatically adding IP to block list

    - by Tim Anderson
    This puzzled me. We have all mail directed to an ISP's spam filter, then delivered to SBS 2008 Exchange. One of the ISP's IP numbers suddenly appeared in the ES2007 block list, set to expire in 24 hours I think, so emails started bouncing. Quick look through the typically ponderous docs, and I can't see anything that says Exchange will auto-block an IP number, but nobody is admitting to adding it manually and I think it must have done. Anyone know about this or where it is configured? Obviously one could disable block lists completely but I'd like to know exactly why this happened.

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  • How to understand the memory usage and load average in linux server

    - by Tim
    Hi, I am using a linux server which has 128GB of memory and 24 cores. I use top to see how much it is used. Its output is pasted at the end of the post. Here are two questions: (1) I see that each of the running processes occupies a very small percentage of memory (%MEM no more than 0.2%, and most just 0.0%), but how the total memory is almost used as in the fourth line of output ("Mem: 130766620k total, 130161072k used, 605548k free, 919300k buffers")? The sum of used percentage of memory over all processes seems unlikely to achieve almost 100%, doesn't it? (2) how to understand the load average on the first line ("load average: 14.04, 14.02, 14.00")? Thanks and regards! Edit: Thanks! I also really like to hear some rough numbers based on used percentage of memory to determine if a server is heavily loaded, since I once became the one who cramed the server without understanding the current load. Is swap regarded as almost the same as memory? For example, when memory and swap are almost of same size, if the memory is almost running out but the swap is still largely free, may I just view it as if the used percentage of memory + swap is still not high and run other new processes? How would you consider together CPU or memory (or memory + swap) usage? Do you become worried if either of them reaches too high or both? Output of top: $ top top - 12:45:33 up 19 days, 23:11, 18 users, load average: 14.04, 14.02, 14.00 Tasks: 484 total, 12 running, 472 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 36.7%us, 19.7%sy, 0.0%ni, 43.6%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 130766620k total, 130161072k used, 605548k free, 919300k buffers Swap: 63111312k total, 500556k used, 62610756k free, 124437752k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 6529 sanchez 18 -2 1075m 219m 13m S 100 0.2 13760:23 MATLAB 13210 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1216 R 100 0.0 3:56.75 absurdity 13888 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1204 R 100 0.0 2:04.89 absurdity 14542 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1196 R 100 0.0 1:08.34 absurdity 14544 timothy 18 -2 2888 2076 400 R 100 0.0 1:06.14 gatherData 6183 sanchez 18 -2 1133m 195m 13m S 100 0.2 13676:04 MATLAB 6795 sanchez 18 -2 1079m 210m 13m S 100 0.2 13734:26 MATLAB 10178 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1204 R 100 0.0 11:33.93 absurdity 12438 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1216 R 100 0.0 5:38.17 absurdity 13661 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1216 R 100 0.0 2:44.13 absurdity 14098 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1204 R 100 0.0 1:58.31 absurdity 14335 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1196 R 100 0.0 1:08.93 absurdity 14765 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1196 R 99 0.0 0:32.57 absurdity 13445 timothy 18 -2 48336 37m 1216 R 99 0.0 3:01.37 absurdity 28990 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 2 0.0 65:50.21 pdflush 12141 tim 18 -2 19380 1660 1024 R 1 0.0 0:04.04 top 1240 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 16:07.11 kjournald 9019 root 20 0 296m 4460 2616 S 0 0.0 82:19.51 kdm_greet 1 root 20 0 4028 728 592 S 0 0.0 0:03.11 init 2 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd 3 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:01.01 migration/0 4 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:08.13 ksoftirqd/0 5 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0 6 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 17:27.31 migration/1 7 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:01.21 ksoftirqd/1 8 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1 9 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 10:02.56 migration/2 10 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.34 ksoftirqd/2 11 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/2 12 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 4:29.53 migration/3 13 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.34 ksoftirqd/3

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