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  • HSM - cryptoki - opening sessions overhead

    - by Raj
    I am having a query regarding sessions with HSM. I am aware that there is an overhead if you initialise and finalise the cryptoki api for every file you want to encrypt/decrypt. My queries are, Is there an overhead in opening and closing individual sessions for every file, you want to encrypt/decrypt.(C_Initialize/C_Finalize) How many maximum number of sessions can i have for a HSM simultaneously, with out affecting the performance? Is opening and closing the session for processing individual files the best approach or opening a session and processing multiple files and then closing the session the best approach? Thanks

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  • Can you figure out the password hashing scheme?

    - by Adal
    I have two passwords and two resulting hashes. I can't figure out how the hash is derived from the password. I don't know if salting is used. I don't know if the password is hashed as a integer value or as a string (possibly Unicode). Password: 6770 Hash: c12114b91a3841c143bbeb121693e80b Password: 9591 Hash: 25238d578b6a61c2c54bfe55742984c1 The hash length seems to suggest MD5. Anybody has any ideas what I could try? Note: This is not for hacking purposes. I'm trying to access a service through an API instead of it's desktop client, and I can't figure out how to compute the password hash. Currently instead of using my real password I'm sending directly the hash.

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  • openssl versus windows capi

    - by oren
    Which is better to use openssl or windows capi for ecnryption issues what is the pro and con list for both. and if it possible to write my encryptor program on openssl and decrypt it with windows capi with no problem or there are some problem with this.

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  • AES-XTS implementation in C#

    - by Ranhiru
    Is there any implementation of AES-XTS written in C# available in the Internet? Bouncy Castle disappointed me :( I took the source codes of TrueCrypt and FreeOTFE but they are written in C which is very hard for me to understand... Anyone?

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  • open encrypted file with php

    - by stormdrain
    Hi, I'm looking for a way to open encrypted files that are stored on a server. I'm using mcrypt to encrypt the files. I was initially going to create a class that would open the file, decrypt it, write it to a new location, then open that. But I have convinced myself there is a better way (I just don't know what it is). It seems like there should be a way to stream it (?) to the browser once it's decrypted. The initial setup would just link to the file location and the browser would take over (e.g. .pdf files would bring up a dialogue offering to open or save the file). If possible, I'd like it to do the same after decoding. Pointers? Advice? Bueller? Thanks!

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  • Encrypt URL in asp.net

    - by Zerotoinfinite
    Hi All, My site is in asp.net 3.5 and C#. I am sending link to my user through mail, now I want to send each user a specific URL. so instead of sending the clear text I want to send link with encrypted string URL, which I will decrypt on my home page. Like instead of www.mysite.aspx\mypage?userId=12 i'll send www.mysite.aspx\mypage?UserId=)@kasd12 and the same i'll decrypt on my page so that I'll get the userId = 12. Please let me know if my approach is correct and not and how can I encrypt & decrypt the string in simplest and easier manner. Thanks in advance.

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  • Why is my program printing out the null termination character?

    - by Tyler Pfaff
    When I run this, it will SOMETIMES print out a null termination character. Most of the time it will, and probably 1/5 times it will print just the characters. void cryptogram::Encrypt(){ cout<<"encrypt"<tempS){ len=tempS.length(); int a=0; for(int j=0;j if(j!=len){ //if the word still has more characters j++; a=0; }else{ //if the word is done being scanned cout<<" "; } } } } } } } So that's it and this is the corresponding EXPECTED output that is printed SOMETIMES xvk bkikhxlr wggbtfkj wiylekgbdhx wjjm hko wigbtubxt xvk iwhj uedjkm glctb gvrmdiwhj iebbdielmeggtbx ctb xvtmk gbtubxvk wjjdxdthgbtubodll khvxvk imkbfdik xt xvk bkudth whj gbtfdjk hko tgxdthm whj tggtbxehdxdkm ctb mxejkhxmibdzdhtltur whj pemxdik mxejdkm mxdh cok wbk wlmt gbkgctb cteb hko zdh cgvrmdikjeiwhj qdhkmdtlturzzkjdydtivkzdmxbrw zdh zdjjlkkjeiwhj w jtixtbdh kjeiwjzdhdmxbittgkbodxv mjme whj eimj This is what normally prints though xvkÈ bkikhxlrÈ wggbtfkjÈ wiylekgbdhxÈ wjjmÈ hkoÈ wigbtubxtÈ xvkÈ iwhjÈ uedjkmÈ glctbÈ gvrmdiwhjÈ iebbdielmeggtbxÈ ctbÈ xvtmkÈ gbtubxvkÈ wjjdxdthgbtubodllÈ khvxvkÈ imkbfdikÈ xtÈ xvkÈ bkudthÈ whjÈ gbtfdjkÈ hkoÈ tgxdthmÈ whjÈ tggtbxehdxdkmÈ ctbÈ mxejkhxmibdzdhtlturÈ whjÈ pemxdikÈ mxejdkmÈ mxdhÈ cokÈ wbkÈ wlmtÈ gbkgctbÈ ctebÈ hkoÈ zdhÈ cgvrmdikjeiwhjÈ qdhkmdtlturzzkjdydtivkzdmxbrwÈ zdhÈ zdjjlkkjeiwhjÈ wÈ jtixtbdhÈ kjeiwjzdhdmxbittgkbodxvÈ mjmeÈ whjÈ eimj or some variation of an odd character at the end of each word This is what the cryptogram array is filled with by the way wyijkcuvdpqlzhtgabmxefonrs

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  • SSIS XML Decryption Message

    - by Vaccano
    My SSIS package says it is successful, but when it runs it ends not doing anything (that I can see). The only thing wrong is this message (that it does not qualify as an error). Description: Failed to decrypt an encrypted XML node because the password was not specified or not correct. Package load will attempt to continue without the encrypted information I do have a password on my packages, but I don't see anywhere to put the password in when I load the Package into SSIS. Am I missing a step?

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  • Decryption Key value not match

    - by Jitendra Jadav
    public class TrippleENCRSPDESCSP { public TrippleENCRSPDESCSP() { } public void EncryptIt(string sData,ref byte[] sEncData,ref byte[] Key1,ref byte[] Key2) { try { // Create a new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider object // to generate a key and initialization vector (IV). TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider tDESalg = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider(); // Create a string to encrypt. // Encrypt the string to an in-memory buffer. byte[] Data = EncryptTextToMemory(sData,tDESalg.Key,tDESalg.IV); sEncData = Data; Key1 = tDESalg.Key; Key2 = tDESalg.IV; } catch (Exception) { throw; } } public string DecryptIt(byte[] sEncData) { //byte[] toEncrypt = new ASCIIEncoding().GetBytes(sEncData); //XElement xParser = null; //XmlDocument xDoc = new XmlDocument(); try { //string Final = ""; string sPwd = null; string sKey1 = null; string sKey2 = null; //System.Text.ASCIIEncoding encoding = new System.Text.ASCIIEncoding(); string soutxml = ""; //soutxml = encoding.GetString(sEncData); soutxml = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetString(sEncData); sPwd = soutxml.Substring(18, soutxml.LastIndexOf("</EncPwd>") - 18); sKey1 = soutxml.Substring(18 + sPwd.Length + 15, soutxml.LastIndexOf("</Key1>") - (18 + sPwd.Length + 15)); sKey2 = soutxml.Substring(18 + sPwd.Length + 15 + sKey1.Length + 13, soutxml.LastIndexOf("</Key2>") - (18 + sPwd.Length + 15 + sKey1.Length + 13)); //xDoc.LoadXml(soutxml); //xParser = XElement.Parse(soutxml); //IEnumerable<XElement> elemsValidations = // from el in xParser.Elements("EmailPwd") // select el; #region OldCode //XmlNodeList objXmlNode = xDoc.SelectNodes("EmailPwd"); //foreach (XmlNode xmllist in objXmlNode) //{ // XmlNode xmlsubnode; // xmlsubnode = xmllist.SelectSingleNode("EncPwd"); // xmlsubnode = xmllist.SelectSingleNode("Key1"); // xmlsubnode = xmllist.SelectSingleNode("Key2"); //} #endregion //foreach (XElement elemValidation in elemsValidations) //{ // sPwd = elemValidation.Element("EncPwd").Value; // sKey1 = elemValidation.Element("Key1").Value; // sKey2 = elemValidation.Element("Key2").Value; //} //byte[] Key1 = encoding.GetBytes(sKey1); //byte[] Key2 = encoding.GetBytes(sKey2); //byte[] Data = encoding.GetBytes(sPwd); byte[] Key1 = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sKey1); byte[] Key2 = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sKey2); byte[] Data = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sPwd); // Decrypt the buffer back to a string. string Final = DecryptTextFromMemory(Data, Key1, Key2); return Final; } catch (Exception) { throw; } } public static byte[] EncryptTextToMemory(string Data,byte[] Key,byte[] IV) { try { // Create a MemoryStream. MemoryStream mStream = new MemoryStream(); // Create a CryptoStream using the MemoryStream // and the passed key and initialization vector (IV). CryptoStream cStream = new CryptoStream(mStream, new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider().CreateEncryptor(Key, IV), CryptoStreamMode.Write); // Convert the passed string to a byte array. //byte[] toEncrypt = new ASCIIEncoding().GetBytes(Data); byte[] toEncrypt = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(Data); // Write the byte array to the crypto stream and flush it. cStream.Write(toEncrypt, 0, toEncrypt.Length); cStream.FlushFinalBlock(); // Get an array of bytes from the // MemoryStream that holds the // encrypted data. byte[] ret = mStream.ToArray(); // Close the streams. cStream.Close(); mStream.Close(); // Return the encrypted buffer. return ret; } catch (CryptographicException e) { MessageBox.Show("A Cryptographic error occurred: {0}", e.Message); return null; } } public static string DecryptTextFromMemory(byte[] Data, byte[] Key, byte[] IV) { try { // Create a new MemoryStream using the passed // array of encrypted data. MemoryStream msDecrypt = new MemoryStream(Data); // Create a CryptoStream using the MemoryStream // and the passed key and initialization vector (IV). CryptoStream csDecrypt = new CryptoStream(msDecrypt, new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider().CreateDecryptor(Key, IV), CryptoStreamMode.Write); csDecrypt.Write(Data, 0, Data.Length); //csDecrypt.FlushFinalBlock(); msDecrypt.Position = 0; // Create buffer to hold the decrypted data. byte[] fromEncrypt = new byte[msDecrypt.Length]; // Read the decrypted data out of the crypto stream // and place it into the temporary buffer. msDecrypt.Read(fromEncrypt, 0, msDecrypt.ToArray().Length); //csDecrypt.Close(); MessageBox.Show(ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetString(fromEncrypt)); //Convert the buffer into a string and return it. return new ASCIIEncoding().GetString(fromEncrypt); } catch (CryptographicException e) { MessageBox.Show("A Cryptographic error occurred: {0}", e.Message); return null; } } }

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  • How to encrypt information in aspx page?

    - by Jimmyc
    Hi all, I know it's a silly question but , My client asked for encrypting some information form their payment system to prevent user stealing personal information. The system is web-base and written by ASP.NET We have tried some annoying solution such as JavaScript no right-click or css-no-print but apparently my client didn't like it. so are there any commercial solution to encrypt information in aspx produced html pages? or someone can tell me how to pursuit my client to stop these "prevent stealing" idea in a web-base system?

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  • BCrypt says long, similar passwords are equivalent - problem with me, the gem, or the field of crypt

    - by PreciousBodilyFluids
    I've been experimenting with BCrypt, and found the following. If it matters, I'm running ruby 1.9.2dev (2010-04-30 trunk 27557) [i686-linux] require 'bcrypt' # bcrypt-ruby gem, version 2.1.2 @long_string_1 = 'f287ed6548e91475d06688b481ae8612fa060b2d402fdde8f79b7d0181d6a27d8feede46b833ecd9633b10824259ebac13b077efb7c24563fce0000670834215' @long_string_2 = 'f6ebeea9b99bcae4340670360674482773a12fd5ef5e94c7db0a42800813d2587063b70660294736fded10217d80ce7d3b27c568a1237e2ca1fecbf40be5eab8' def salted(string) @long_string_1 + string + @long_string_2 end encrypted_password = BCrypt::Password.create(salted('password'), :cost => 10) puts encrypted_password #=> $2a$10$kNMF/ku6VEAfLFEZKJ.ZC.zcMYUzvOQ6Dzi6ZX1UIVPUh5zr53yEu password = BCrypt::Password.new(encrypted_password) puts password.is_password?(salted('password')) #=> true puts password.is_password?(salted('passward')) #=> true puts password.is_password?(salted('75747373')) #=> true puts password.is_password?(salted('passwor')) #=> false At first I thought that once the passwords got to a certain length, the dissimilarities would just be lost in all the hashing, and only if they were very dissimilar (i.e. a different length) would they be recognized as different. That didn't seem very plausible to me, from what I know of hash functions, but I didn't see a better explanation. Then, I tried shortening each of the long_strings to see where BCrypt would start being able to tell them apart, and I found that if I shortened each of the long strings to 100 characters or so, the final attempt ('passwor') would start returning true as well. So now I don't know what to think. What's the explanation for this?

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  • implementing cryptographic algorithms, specifically the key expansion part

    - by masseyc
    Hey, recently I picked up a copy of Applied Cryptography by Bruce Schneier and it's been a good read. I now understand how several algorithms outlined in the book work, and I'd like to start implementing a few of them in C. One thing that many of the algorithms have in common is dividing an x-bit key, into several smaller y-bit keys. For example, blowfish's key, X, is 64-bits, but you are required to break it up into two 32-bit halves; Xl and Xr. This is where I'm getting stuck. I'm fairly decent with C, but I'm not the strongest when it comes to bitwise operators and the like. After some help on IRC, I managed to come up with these two macros: #define splitup(a, b, c) {b = a >> 32; c = a & 0xffffffff; } #define combine(a, b, c) {a = (c << 32) | a;} Where a is 64 bits and b and c are 32 bits. However, the compiler warns me about the fact that I'm shifting a 32 bit variable by 32 bits. My questions are these: what's bad about shifting a 32-bit variable 32 bits? I'm guessing it's undefined, but these macros do seem to be working. Also, would you suggest I go about this another way? As I said, I'm fairly familiar with C, but bitwise operators and the like still give me a headache.

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  • How can a single disk in a hardware SATA RAID-10 array bring the entire array to a screeching halt?

    - by Stu Thompson
    Prelude: I'm a code-monkey that's increasingly taken on SysAdmin duties for my small company. My code is our product, and increasingly we provide the same app as SaaS. About 18 months ago I moved our servers from a premium hosting centric vendor to a barebones rack pusher in a tier IV data center. (Literally across the street.) This ment doing much more ourselves--things like networking, storage and monitoring. As part the big move, to replace our leased direct attached storage from the hosting company, I built a 9TB two-node NAS based on SuperMicro chassises, 3ware RAID cards, Ubuntu 10.04, two dozen SATA disks, DRBD and . It's all lovingly documented in three blog posts: Building up & testing a new 9TB SATA RAID10 NFSv4 NAS: Part I, Part II and Part III. We also setup a Cacit monitoring system. Recently we've been adding more and more data points, like SMART values. I could not have done all this without the awesome boffins at ServerFault. It's been a fun and educational experience. My boss is happy (we saved bucket loads of $$$), our customers are happy (storage costs are down), I'm happy (fun, fun, fun). Until yesterday. Outage & Recovery: Some time after lunch we started getting reports of sluggish performance from our application, an on-demand streaming media CMS. About the same time our Cacti monitoring system sent a blizzard of emails. One of the more telling alerts was a graph of iostat await. Performance became so degraded that Pingdom began sending "server down" notifications. The overall load was moderate, there was not traffic spike. After logging onto the application servers, NFS clients of the NAS, I confirmed that just about everything was experiencing highly intermittent and insanely long IO wait times. And once I hopped onto the primary NAS node itself, the same delays were evident when trying to navigate the problem array's file system. Time to fail over, that went well. Within 20 minuts everything was confirmed to be back up and running perfectly. Post-Mortem: After any and all system failures I perform a post-mortem to determine the cause of the failure. First thing I did was ssh back into the box and start reviewing logs. It was offline, completely. Time for a trip to the data center. Hardware reset, backup an and running. In /var/syslog I found this scary looking entry: Nov 15 06:49:44 umbilo smartd[2827]: Device: /dev/twa0 [3ware_disk_00], 6 Currently unreadable (pending) sectors Nov 15 06:49:44 umbilo smartd[2827]: Device: /dev/twa0 [3ware_disk_07], SMART Prefailure Attribute: 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate changed from 171 to 170 Nov 15 06:49:45 umbilo smartd[2827]: Device: /dev/twa0 [3ware_disk_10], 16 Currently unreadable (pending) sectors Nov 15 06:49:45 umbilo smartd[2827]: Device: /dev/twa0 [3ware_disk_10], 4 Offline uncorrectable sectors Nov 15 06:49:45 umbilo smartd[2827]: Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error Nov 15 06:49:45 umbilo smartd[2827]: # 1 Short offline Completed: read failure 90% 6576 3421766910 Nov 15 06:49:45 umbilo smartd[2827]: # 2 Short offline Completed: read failure 90% 6087 3421766910 Nov 15 06:49:45 umbilo smartd[2827]: # 3 Short offline Completed: read failure 10% 5901 656821791 Nov 15 06:49:45 umbilo smartd[2827]: # 4 Short offline Completed: read failure 90% 5818 651637856 Nov 15 06:49:45 umbilo smartd[2827]: So I went to check the Cacti graphs for the disks in the array. Here we see that, yes, disk 7 is slipping away just like syslog says it is. But we also see that disk 8's SMART Read Erros are fluctuating. There are no messages about disk 8 in syslog. More interesting is that the fluctuating values for disk 8 directly correlate to the high IO wait times! My interpretation is that: Disk 8 is experiencing an odd hardware fault that results in intermittent long operation times. Somehow this fault condition on the disk is locking up the entire array Maybe there is a more accurate or correct description, but the net result has been that the one disk is impacting the performance of the whole array. The Question(s) How can a single disk in a hardware SATA RAID-10 array bring the entire array to a screeching halt? Am I being naïve to think that the RAID card should have dealt with this? How can I prevent a single misbehaving disk from impacting the entire array? Am I missing something?

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  • Referencing file on disk from NSManagedObject

    - by Kamchatka
    Hello, What would be the best way to name a file associated to a NSManagedObject. The NSManagedObject will hold the URL to this file. But I need to create a unique filename for my file. Is there some kind of autoincrement id that I could use? Should I use mktemp (but it's not a temporary file) or try to convert the NSManagedObjectId to a filename? but I fear there will be special characters which might cause problem. What would you suggest?

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  • Translate from Java to C#: simple code to re-encode a string

    - by Dr. Zim
    We were sent this formula to encrypt a string written in Java: String myInput = "test1234"; MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA"); byte[] myD = md.digest(myInput.getBytes()); BASE64Encoder en64 = new BASE64Encoder(); String myOutput = new String ( Java.net.URLEncoder.encode( en64.encode(myD))); // myOutput becomes "F009U%2Bx99bVTGwS3cQdHf%2BJcpCo%3D" Our attempt at writing this in C# is: System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1 sha1 = new System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1CryptoServiceProvider(); string myOutput = HttpUtility.UrlEncode( Convert.ToBase64String( sha1.ComputeHash( ASCIIEncoding.Default.GetBytes(myInput)))); However the output is no where near the same. It doesn't even have percent signs in it. Any chance anyone would know where we are going wrong?

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  • Credit Card storage solution

    - by jtnire
    Hi Everyone, I'm developing a solution that is designed to store membership details, as well as credit card details. I'm trying to comply with PCI DSS as much as I can. Here is my design so far: PAN = Primary account number == long number on credit card Server A is a remote server. It stores all membership details (Names, Address etc..) and provides indivudal Key A's for each PAN stored Server B is a local server, and actually holds the encrypted PANs, as well as Key B, and does the decryption. To get a PAN, the client has to authenticate with BOTH servers, ask Server A for the respective Key A, then give Key A to server B, which will return the PAN to the client (provided authentication was sucessful). Server A will only ever encrypt Key A with Server B's public Key, as it will have it beforehand. Server B will probably have to send a salt first though, however I doin't think that has to be encrypted I havn't really thought about any implementation (i.e. coding) specifics yet regarding the above, however the solution is using Java's Cajo framework (wrapper for RMI) so that is how the servers will communicate with each other (Currently, membership details are transfered in this way). The reason why I want Server B to do the decryption, and not the client, is that I am afraid of decryption keys going into the client's RAM, even though it's probably just as bad on the server... Can anyone see anything wrong with the above design? It doesn't matter if the above has to be changed. Thanks jtnire

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  • How to encrypt/decrypt a file in Java?

    - by Petike
    Hello, I am writing a Java application which can "encrypt" and consequently "decrypt" whatever binary file. I am just a beginner in the "cryptography" area so I would like to write a very simple application for the beginning. For reading the original file, I would probably use the java.io.FileInputStream class to get the "array of bytes" byte originalBytes[] of the file. Then I would probably use some very simple cipher, for example "shift up every byte by 1" and then I would get the "encrypted" bytes byte encryptedBytes[] and let's say that I would also set a "password" for it, for example "123456789". Next, when somebody wants to "decrypt" that file, he has to enter the password ("123456789") first and after that the file could be decrypted (thus "shift down every byte by 1") and consequently saved to the output file via java.io.FileOutputStream I am just wondering how to "store" the password information to the encrypted file so that the decrypting application knows if the entered password and the "real" password equals? Probably it would be silly to add the password (for example the ASCII ordinal numbers of the password letters) to the beginning of the file (before the encrypted data). So my main question is how to store the password information to the encrypted file?

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  • How to combine ASCII text files, then encrypt, then decrypt, and put into a 'File' Class? C++

    - by Joel
    For example, if I have three ASCII files: file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt ...and I wanted to combine them into one encrypted file: database.txt Then in the application I would decrypt the database.txt and put each of the original files into a 'File' class on the heap: class File{ public: string getContents(); void setContents(string data); private: string m_data; }; Is there some way to do this? Thanks

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