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  • SQL Developer Debugging, Watches, Smart Data, & Data

    - by thatjeffsmith
    After presenting the SQL Developer PL/SQL debugger for about an hour yesterday at KScope12 in San Antonio, my boss came up and asked, “Now, would you really want to know what the Smart Data panel does?” Apparently I had ‘made up’ my own story about what that panel’s intent is based on my experience with it. Not good Jeff, not good. It was a very small point of my presentation, but I probably should have read the docs. The Smart Data tab displays information about variables, using your Debugger: Smart Data preferences. You can also specify these preferences by right-clicking in the Smart Data window and selecting Preferences. Debugger Smart Data Preferences, control number of variables to display The Smart Data panel auto-inspects the last X accessed variables. So if you have a program with 26 variables, instead of showing you all 26, it will just show you the last two variables that were referenced in your program. If you were to click on the ‘Data’ debug panel, you’ll see EVERYTHING. And if you only want to see a very specific set of values, then you should use Watches. The Smart Data Panel As I step through the code, the variables being tracked change as they are referenced. Only the most recent ones display. This is controlled by the ‘Maximum Locations to Remember’ preference. Step through the code, see the latest variables accessed The Data Panel All variables are displayed. Might be information overload on large PL/SQL programs where you have many dozens or even hundreds of variables to track. Shows everything all the time Watches Watches are added manually and only show what you ask for. Data on Demand – add a watch to track a specific variable Remember, you can interact with your data If you want to do more than just watch, you can mouse-right on a data element, and change the value of the variable as the program is running. This is one of the primary benefits to debugging over using DBMS_OUTPUT to track what’s happening in your program. Change the values while the program is running to test your ‘What if?’ scenarios

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  • GAME MAKER Problem with sprites! Can't see the sprite after mouse action

    - by user46882
    I have got a problem in Game Maker Pro: http://www.directupload.net/file/d/3646/egdpdu6u_gif.htm At the start we see a white square moving. If I press a key the square stop to move and the background changes to white. If the background changes to white a new animation/sprite should play on the same position where the white square was. BUT IT DOESNT! (Actually it is still there! It just does not move and this is fine) The animation is basically a sprite animation with some outlines of the square. If I press a key again, the background changes to white and we see the animation of the sprite.. but we do not see the animation of the sprites when it does not move. And this is strange!! I want to have the animation of the square when it doesn't move. But I don't get it.. by the way.. the .gif is a old version. I allready fixed the problem with the moving animation.. but I am still not able to play the animation if the square does not fly. The color of the animation is allready set to green or something! for better contrast. But still.. can't see it. Here is the code: obj.weisse.kugel.stepevent = the white square with the movements and sprite animations etc. if (global.kweiss == 1 ) { // vspeed = 8; //visible = true // sprite_index=spr_weisse_kugel; image_speed = 0; image_index = 0; } else if (global.kweiss == 0) { sprite_index=spr_animation_fade_out; image_speed =0.2; image_index=image_number-1 vspeed = 0; //visible = false // } then I have 1 create event for all the global.variables obj.global_var globalvar kweiss; kweiss = 1; globalvar kschwarz; kschwarz = 0; and then I have 1 controll stepevent in a new obj: if device_mouse_check_button_pressed (0, mb_left) { if background_color = c_black { background_color = c_white } else { background_color = c_black } // change of the square to white if (global.kweiss = 0) { global.kweiss = 1; } else { global.kweiss = 0; } if (global.kschwarz = 0) // change the square to black (other bullets.. we do not need this at the moment!) { global.kschwarz = 1; } else { global.kschwarz = 0; } Many thanks in advance

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  • Variables in static library are never initialized. Why?

    - by Coyote
    I have a bunch of variables that should be initialized then my game launches, but must of them are never initialized. Here is an example of the code: MyClass.h class MyClass : public BaseObject { DECLARE_CLASS_RTTI(MyClass, BaseObject); ... }; MyClass.cpp REGISTER_CLASS(MyClass) Where REGISTER_CLASS is a macro defined as follow #define REGISTER_CLASS(className)\ class __registryItem##className : public __registryItemBase {\ virtual className* Alloc(){ return NEW className(); }\ virtual BaseObject::RTTI& GetRTTI(){ return className::RTTI; }\ }\ \ const __registryItem##className __registeredItem##className(#className); and __registryItemBase looks like this: class __registryItemBase { __registryItemBase(const _string name):mName(name){ ClassRegistry::Register(this); } const _string mName; virtual BaseObject* Alloc() = 0; virtual BaseObject::RTTI& GetRTTI() = 0; } Now the code is similar to what I currently have and what I have works flawlessly, all the registered classes are registered to a ClassManager before main(...) is called. I'm able to instantiate and configure components from scripts and auto-register them to the right system etc... The problem arrises when I create a static library (currently for the iPhone, but I fear it will happen with android as well). In that case the code in the .cpp files is never registered. Why is the resulting code not executed when it is in the library while the same code in the program's binary is always executed? Bonus questions: For this to work in the static library, what should I do? Is there something I am missing? Do I need to pass a flag when building the lib? Should I create another structure and init all the __registeredItem##className using that structure?

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  • How do I list all the relation variables and debug them interactively?

    - by mfisch
    I'm writing a charm that requires a mysql database, I found from looking at other charms that this (below) is how I get the info about the database: user=`relation-get user` password=`relation-get password` mysqlhost=`relation-get private-address` But I just found that from reading the wordpress charm example, is there a way to show all the relation variables that I can use? Also, while debugging my db-relation-changed script, I wanted to ssh into my host and interactively run those commands, for example relation-get user, but it didn't work. I resorted to having to restart everything and use juju log to print them out. This wasted a lot of time. Is there a way to print out these relations, either from my dev box or from the instance running my charm? (Below is what happens when I tried to interactively run relation-get): ubuntu@mfisch-local-tracks-0:~$ relation-get user usage: relation-get [-h] [-o OUTPUT] [-s SOCKET] [--client-id CLIENT_ID] [--format FORMAT] [--log-file FILE] [--log-level CRITICAL|DEBUG|INFO|ERROR|WARNING] [-r RELATION ID] [settings_name] [unit_name] No JUJU_AGENT_SOCKET/-s option found I tried juju debug-hooks tracks/0 -e local, that dropped me into a shell and relation-get still failed.

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  • Is there some way to make variables like $a and $b in regard to strict?

    - by Axeman
    In light of Michael Carman's comment, I have decided to rewrite the question. Note that 11 comments appear before this edit, and give credence to Michael's observation that I did not write the question in a way that made it clear what I was asking. Question: What is the standard--or cleanest way--to fake the special status that $a and $b have in regard to strict by simply importing a module? First of all some setup. The following works: #!/bin/perl use strict; print "\$a=$a\n"; print "\$b=$b\n"; If I add one more line: print "\$c=$c\n"; I get an error at compile time, which means that none of my dazzling print code gets to run. If I comment out use strict; it runs fine. Outside of strictures, $a and $b are mainly special in that sort passes the two values to be compared with those names. my @reverse_order = sort { $b <=> $a } @unsorted; Thus the main functional difference about $a and $b--even though Perl "knows their names"--is that you'd better know this when you sort, or use some of the functions in List::Util. It's only when you use strict, that $a and $b become special variables in a whole new way. They are the only variables that strict will pass over without complaining that they are not declared. : Now, I like strict, but it strikes me that if TIMTOWTDI (There is more than one way to do it) is Rule #1 in Perl, this is not very TIMTOWDI. It says that $a and $b are special and that's it. If you want to use variables you don't have to declare $a and $b are your guys. If you want to have three variables by adding $c, suddenly there's a whole other way to do it. Nevermind that in manipulating hashes $k and $v might make more sense: my %starts_upper_1_to_25 = skim { $k =~ m/^\p{IsUpper}/ && ( 1 <= $v && $v <= 25 ) } %my_hash ;` Now, I use and I like strict. But I just want $k and $v to be visible to skim for the most compact syntax. And I'd like it to be visible simply by use Hash::Helper qw<skim>; I'm not asking this question to know how to black-magic it. My "answer" below, should let you know that I know enough Perl to be dangerous. I'm asking if there is a way to make strict accept other variables, or what is the cleanest solution. The answer could well be no. If that's the case, it simply does not seem very TIMTOWTDI.

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  • Postgres cannot connect to server

    - by user1408935
    Super stumped by why Postgres isn't working on a new app I just started. I've got it working for one app already. I'm using postgres.app, and it's running. I started a new app with rails new depot -d postgresql and then I went into the database.yml file and changed username to my $USER (which is what it is for the other app, which is working). So now my database.yml file has this development section: development: adapter: postgresql encoding: unicode database: depot_development pool: 5 username: <username> password: But when I run "rake db:create" or "rake db:create:all" I still got this error (in full, cause I don't know what's relevant): Couldn't create database for {"adapter"=>"postgresql", "encoding"=>"unicode", "database"=>"depot_development", "pool"=>5, "username"=>"<username>", "password"=>nil} could not connect to server: Permission denied Is the server running locally and accepting connections on Unix domain socket "/var/pgsql_socket/.s.PGSQL.5432"? /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1213:in `initialize' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1213:in `new' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1213:in `connect' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:329:in `initialize' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:28:in `new' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:28:in `postgresql_connection' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:309:in `new_connection' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:319:in `checkout_new_connection' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:241:in `block (2 levels) in checkout' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:236:in `loop' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:236:in `block in checkout' /Users/<username>/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:233:in `checkout' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:96:in `block in connection' /Users/<username>/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:95:in `connection' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:404:in `retrieve_connection' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:170:in `retrieve_connection' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:144:in `connection' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:107:in `rescue in create_database' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:51:in `create_database' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:40:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:40:in `each' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/gems/activerecord-3.2.8/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:40:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:205:in `call' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:205:in `block in execute' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:200:in `each' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:200:in `execute' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:158:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain' /Users/<username>/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:151:in `invoke_with_call_chain' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/task.rb:144:in `invoke' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:116:in `invoke_task' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in `block (2 levels) in top_level' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in `each' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in `block in top_level' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:133:in `standard_exception_handling' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:88:in `top_level' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:66:in `block in run' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:133:in `standard_exception_handling' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/lib/rake/application.rb:63:in `run' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/gems/rake-0.9.2.2/bin/rake:33:in `<top (required)>' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/bin/rake:19:in `load' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/bin/rake:19:in `<main>' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `eval' /Users/<username>/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `<main>' Couldn't create database for {"adapter"=>"postgresql", "encoding"=>"unicode", "database"=>"depot_test", "pool"=>5, "username"=>"<username>", "password"=>nil} I have tried createdb depot_development I have tried going into the psql environment and listing users (which included my username among them). In the same psql environment, I tried CREATE DATABASE depot; I've made sure that the pg gem is installed with bundle install, I've run "pg_ctl start", to which I got this response: pg_ctl: no database directory specified and environment variable PGDATA unset I ran "ps aux | grep postgres" to make sure postgres was running, to which I got this in return (which looks like it's doing OK, right?): <username> 10390 0.4 0.0 2425480 180 s000 R+ 6:15PM 0:00.00 grep postgres <username> 2907 0.0 0.0 2441604 464 ?? Ss 6:17PM 0:02.31 postgres: stats collector process <username> 2906 0.0 0.0 2445520 1664 ?? Ss 6:17PM 0:02.33 postgres: autovacuum launcher process <username> 2905 0.0 0.0 2445388 600 ?? Ss 6:17PM 0:09.25 postgres: wal writer process <username> 2904 0.0 0.0 2445388 1252 ?? Ss 6:17PM 0:12.08 postgres: writer process <username> 2902 0.0 0.0 2445388 3688 ?? S 6:17PM 0:00.54 /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/bin/postgres -D /Users/<username>/Library/Application Support/Postgres/var -p5432 The short of it, is I've been troubleshooting for a WHILE and have NO idea what's wrong. Any ideas? I'd really appreciate it, cause I'm pretty new to Rails, and this is a pretty disheartening roadblock. Thanks! EDIT -- Per request, posting the successful database.yml . It seems the difference is the inclusion of a password: development: adapter: postgresql encoding: unicode database: *******_development pool: 5 username: ******* password: ******* EDIT2 -- When I add a password to the .yml file, then run rake db:create again, I get this error. rake aborted! No Rakefile found (looking for: rakefile, Rakefile, rakefile.rb, Rakefile.rb)

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  • Is it possible to access Request object from Global.asa file?

    - by Rob Segal
    I need to get access to some server variables like APPL_PHYSICAL_PATH from the the Global.asa file. I can do this on any page of my site using the Request object as follows... Request.ServerVariables("APPL_PHYSICAL_PATH") But I don't seem to have access to the Request object within the Global.asa file. Is there an equivalent call I can do here with the Server object?

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  • Mutable global variables don't get hide in python functions, right?

    - by aXqd
    Please see the following code: def good(): foo[0] = 9 # why this foo isn't local variable who hides the global one def bad(): foo = [9, 2, 3] # foo is local, who hides the global one for func in [good, bad]: foo = [1,2,3] print('Before "{}": {}'.format(func.__name__, foo)) func() print('After "{}": {}'.format(func.__name__, foo)) The result is as below: # python3 foo.py Before "good": [1, 2, 3] After "good": [9, 2, 3] Before "bad" : [1, 2, 3] After "bad" : [1, 2, 3]

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  • How do I create and read non-global variables that aren't destroyed at end of function?

    - by Paul Reilly
    I am attempting to code some plugins to use with MIDI sequencers but have hit a stumbling block. I can't use global-scope variables to store information because multiple instances of the .dll can exist which share memory. How do I create a class (for re-usability purposes in other plugins) containing 2 dimensional array and other variables the content of which is to be shared between functions? If that is possible, how would I read and write the data from the function in the framework where I do the processing?

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  • Why would one write global code inside a function definition-call pair?

    - by ssg
    I see examples where JavaScript code including jQuery and jslint use the notation below: (function(){ // do something })(); instead of: // do something I first thought this is just for local scoping, i.e. creating local variables for the code block without polluting global namespace. But I've seen instances without any local variables at all too. What am I missing here?

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  • How can I prevent default_environment variables from getting set by Capistrano's sudo action?

    - by Logan Koester
    My deploy.rb sets some environment variables to use the regular user's local Ruby rather than the system-wide one. set :default_environment, { :PATH => '/home/myapp/.rvm/bin:/home/myapp/.rvm/bin:/home/myapp/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.1-p378/bin:/home/myapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.1-p378/bin:/home/myapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.1-p378%global/bin:/home/myapp/bin:/usr/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games', :RUBY_VERSION => 'ruby-1.9.1-p378', :GEM_HOME => '/home/myapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.1-p378', :GEM_PATH => '/home/myapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.1-p378:/home/myapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.1-p378%global' } Naturally, when a task is using sudo, I would expect the system-wide ruby to be used instead. But it seems the environment variables are being set anyway, which is obviously invalid for the root user and returns an error: executing "sudo -p 'sudo password: ' /etc/init.d/god stop" servers: ["myapp.com"] [myapp.com] executing command command finished failed: "env PATH=/home/myapp/.rvm/bin:/home/myapp/.rvm/bin:/home/myapp/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.1-p378/bin:/home/myapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.1-p378/bin:/home/myapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.1-p378%global/bin:/home/myapp/bin:/usr/bin:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games RUBY_VERSION=ruby-1.9.1-p378 GEM_HOME=/home/myapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.1-p378 GEM_PATH=/home/myapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.1-p378:/home/myapp/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.1-p378%global sh -c 'sudo -p '\\''sudo password: '\\'' /etc/init.d/god stop'" on myapp.com It makes no difference whether I use capistrano's sudo "system call" or the regular run "sudo system call". How can I avoid this?

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  • Type Casting variables in PHP: Is there a practical example?

    - by Stephen
    PHP, as most of us know, has weak typing. For those who don't, PHP.net says: PHP does not require (or support) explicit type definition in variable declaration; a variable's type is determined by the context in which the variable is used. Love it or hate it, PHP re-casts variables on-the-fly. So, the following code is valid: $var = "10"; $value = 10 + $var; var_dump($value); // int(20) PHP also alows you to explicitly cast a variable, like so: $var = "10"; $value = 10 + $var; $value = (string)$value; var_dump($value); // string(2) "20" That's all cool... but, for the life of me, I cannot conceive of a practical reason for doing this. I don't have a problem with strong typing in languages that support it, like Java. That's fine, and I completely understand it. Also, I'm aware of—and fully understand the usefulness of—type hinting in function parameters. The problem I have with type casting is explained by the above quote. If PHP can swap types at-will, it can do so even after you force cast a type; and it can do so on-the-fly when you need a certain type in an operation. That makes the following valid: $var = "10"; $value = (int)$var; $value = $value . ' TaDa!'; var_dump($value); // string(8) "10 TaDa!" So what's the point? Can anyone show me a practical application or example of type casting—one that would fail if type casting were not involved? I ask this here instead of SO because I figure practicality is too subjective. Edit in response to Chris' comment Take this theoretical example of a world where user-defined type casting makes sense in PHP: You force cast variable $foo as int -- (int)$foo. You attempt to store a string value in the variable $foo. PHP throws an exception!! <--- That would make sense. Suddenly the reason for user defined type casting exists! The fact that PHP will switch things around as needed makes the point of user defined type casting vague. For example, the following two code samples are equivalent: // example 1 $foo = 0; $foo = (string)$foo; $foo = '# of Reasons for the programmer to type cast $foo as a string: ' . $foo; // example 2 $foo = 0; $foo = (int)$foo; $foo = '# of Reasons for the programmer to type cast $foo as a string: ' . $foo;

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  • Type Casting variables in PHP: Is there a practical example?

    - by Stephen
    PHP, as most of us know, has weak typing. For those who don't, PHP.net says: PHP does not require (or support) explicit type definition in variable declaration; a variable's type is determined by the context in which the variable is used. Love it or hate it, PHP re-casts variables on-the-fly. So, the following code is valid: $var = "10"; $value = 10 + $var; var_dump($value); // int(20) PHP also alows you to explicitly cast a variable, like so: $var = "10"; $value = 10 + $var; $value = (string)$value; var_dump($value); // string(2) "20" That's all cool... but, for the life of me, I cannot conceive of a practical reason for doing this. I don't have a problem with strong typing in languages that support it, like Java. That's fine, and I completely understand it. Also, I'm aware of—and fully understand the usefulness of—type hinting in function parameters. The problem I have with type casting is explained by the above quote. If PHP can swap types at-will, it can do so even after you force cast a type; and it can do so on-the-fly when you need a certain type in an operation. That makes the following valid: $var = "10"; $value = (int)$var; $value = $value . ' TaDa!'; var_dump($value); // string(8) "10 TaDa!" So what's the point? Can anyone show me a practical application or example of type casting—one that would fail if type casting were not involved? I ask this here instead of SO because I figure practicality is too subjective. Edit in response to Chris' comment Take this theoretical example of a world where user-defined type casting makes sense in PHP: You force cast variable $foo as int -- (int)$foo. You attempt to store a string value in the variable $foo. PHP throws an exception!! <--- That would make sense. Suddenly the reason for user defined type casting exists! The fact that PHP will switch things around as needed makes the point of user defined type casting vague. For example, the following two code samples are equivalent: // example 1 $foo = 0; $foo = (string)$foo; $foo = '# of Reasons for the programmer to type cast $foo as a string: ' . $foo; // example 2 $foo = 0; $foo = (int)$foo; $foo = '# of Reasons for the programmer to type cast $foo as a string: ' . $foo; UPDATE Guess who found himself using typecasting in a practical environment? Yours Truly. The requirement was to display money values on a website for a restaurant menu. The design of the site required that trailing zeros be trimmed, so that the display looked something like the following: Menu Item 1 .............. $ 4 Menu Item 2 .............. $ 7.5 Menu Item 3 .............. $ 3 The best way I found to do that wast to cast the variable as a float: $price = '7.50'; // a string from the database layer. echo 'Menu Item 2 .............. $ ' . (float)$price; PHP trims the float's trailing zeros, and then recasts the float as a string for concatenation.

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  • InSync12 and Australia Visits: UX is Global, Regional, Everywhere!

    - by ultan o'broin
    I attended the Australian Oracle User Group (AUSOUG) and Quest International User Group's InSync12 event in Melbourne, Australia: the user group conference for Oracle products in the ANZ region. I demoed Oracle Fusion Applications and then presented how Oracle crafted the world class Fusion Apps user experience (UX). I explained about the Oracle user experience design pattern strategy of uptake for all apps, not just Fusion, and what our UX pattern externalization strategy means for customers, partners, and ADF developers. A great conference, lots of energy, the InSync12 highlights for me were Oracle's Senior Vice President Cliff Godwin’s fast-moving Oracle E-Business Suite (EBS) roadshow with the killer Oracle Endeca user experience uptake, and Oracle ADF product outreachmeister Chris Muir’s (@chriscmuir) session on Oracle ADF Mobile solution and his hands-on mobile app development showing how existing ADF/JDev skills can build a secure, code once-deploy-to-many-device hybrid app solution in minutes. Cliff Godwin shows off the Oracle Endeca integration with Oracle E-Business Suite. Chris Muir talked the talk and then walked the walked with Oracle ADF Mobile. Applications UX was mixing it up with the crowd at InSync12 too, showing off cool mobile UX solutions, gathering data for future innovations, and engaging with EBS, JD Edwards, and PeopleSoft apps customers and partners. User conferences such as InSync12 are an important part of our Oracle Applications UX user-centered design process, giving real apps users the opportunity to make real inputs and a way for us to watch and to listen to their needs and wants and get views on current and emerging UX too. Eric Stilan (@icondaddy) of Applications UX uses an iPad to gather feedback on the latest UX designs from conference attendees. While in Melbourne, I also visited impressive Oracle partner, Callista for a major ADF and UX pow-wow, and was the er, star of a very proactive event hosted by another partner Park Lane Information Technology (coordinated by Bambi Price (@bambiprice) of ODTUG) where I explained what UX is about, and how partner and customers can engage, participate and deploy that Applications UX scientific insight to advantage for their entire business. I also paired up with Oracle Australia in Sydney to visit key customers while there, and back at Oracle in Melbourne I spoke with sales consultants and account managers about regional opportunities and UX strategy, and came away with an understanding of what makes the Oracle market tick in Australia. Mobile worker solution development and user experience is hot news in Australia, and this was a great opportunity to team up with Chris Muir and show how the alignment of the twin stars of UX design patterns and ADF technology enables developers to make great-looking, usable apps that really sparkle. Our UX design patterns--or functional (UI) patterns, to use the developer world language--means that developers now have not only a great tool set to build apps on Oracle ADF/FMW but proven, tested usability solutions to solve common problems they can apply in the IDE too. In all, a whirlwind UX visit, packed with events and delivery opportunities, and all too short a time in the wonderful city of Melbourne. I need to get back there soon! For those who need a reminder, there's a website explaining how to get involved with, and participate in, Applications User Experience (including the Oracle Usability Advisory Board) events and programs. Thank you to AUSOUG, Quest, InSync, Callista, Park Lane IT, everyone at Oracle Australia, Chris Muir, and all the other people who came together to make this a productive visit. Stay tuned for more UX developments and engagements in the region on the Oracle VoX blog and Usable Apps website too!

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  • What is the list of special variables available when writing a shell command for a context menu

    - by giovanni.pellicciotta
    When extending the Windows' shell context menu (e.g. for adding an 'Open command here' prompt on directories), a 'command' key needs to be created in the registry. The value of this 'command' key apparently can be any valid command line. I want to know which 'special variables' are available for use inside this command line. For example, I use following command for opening and cmd window from within a directory's context menu (*): cmd.exe /e:on /f:on /s /k pushd "%V" I cannot find any reference to what %V actually means or what the full list of such variables is. (*) Following registry keys are created for this: [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\Directory\shell\cmdshell] @=Open Command Prompt Here" HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\Directory\shell\cmdshell\command] @="cmd.exe /e:on /f:on /s /k pushd \"%V\""

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  • Is there a global "low resolution" filter for OpenGL?

    - by Ian Henry
    I'm trying to learn a little about OpenGL, so I'm making a simple 2D game (with OpenTK), and so far it's coming along well. I thought it would be fun to give it that, for lack of a better word, retropixelated look of games from the early nineties. I figured it would be an easy thing to do -- simply draw everything at half its normal size and scale up with no anti-aliasing. But I can't find any resources on how to do this. I can set the min/mag filters of my textures to nearest and that works fine for my sprites, but I'm using lots of primitives and I'd like the effect to apply to them as well. The one idea I had was to draw everything at half size, then somehow copy the render buffer to a texture, then render that texture full-size, but I don't know how to do that, and it seems like there must be a better way. Can anyone help me out?

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  • What Are All the Variables Necessary to Create Blackbox Logs for Nginx?

    - by Alan Gutierrez
    There's an article out there, Profiling LAMP Applications with Apache's Blackbox Logs, that describes how to create a log that records a lot of detailed information missing in the common and combined log formats. This information is supposed to help you resolve performance issues. As the author notes "While the common log-file format (and the combined format) are great for hit tracking, they aren't suitable for getting hardcore performance data." The article describes a "blackbox" log format, like a blackbox flight recorder on an aircraft, that gathers information used to profile server performance, missing from the hit tracking log formats: Keep alive status, remote port, child processes, bytes sent, etc. LogFormat "%a/%S %X %t \"%r\" %s/%>s %{pid}P/%{tid}P %T/%D %I/%O/%B" blackbox I'm trying to recreate as much of the format for Nginx, and would like help filling in the blanks. Here's what Nginx blackbox format would look like, the unmapped Apache directives have question marks after their names. access_log blackbox '$remote_addr/$remote_port X? [$time_local] "$request"' 's?/$status $pid/0 T?/D? I?/O?/B?' Here's a table of the variables I've been able to map from the Nginx documentation. %a = $remote_addr - The IP address of the remote client. %S = $remote_port - The port of the remote client. %X = ? - Keep alive status. %t = $time_local - The start time of the request. %r = $request - The first line of request containing method verb, path and protocol. %s = ? - Status before any redirections. %>s = $status - Status after any redirections. %{pid}P = $pid - The process id. %{tid}P = N/A - The thread id, which is non-applicable to Nignx. %T = ? - The time in seconds to handle the request. %D = ? - The time in milliseconds to handle the request. %I = ? - The count of bytes received including headers. %O = ? - The count of bytes sent including headers. %B = ? - The count of bytes sent excluding headers, but with a 0 for none instead of '-'. Looking for help filling in the missing variables, or confirmation that the missing variables are in fact, unavailable in Nginx.

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  • How do global cancel/exit commands work in bash?

    - by SecurityGate
    As I have done multiple times before, I've written bash scripts, and just general commands that go nowhere. They just blink the little command line cursor at me for infinity until I control+C the command. When I do cancel the command, what exactly is going on when I do this? Am I somehow stopping and killing the current PID I'm working on? Does it jump to a different run-level and execute something to terminate the command? On a slightly different note, I've never been able to figure out how to set up something like this in a script or program I've worked on. Since I mostly program in Ruby, can I setup something like a certain key press stops the program? Every time I've looked into doing something similar, I always end up getting hung up when it comes to user input, whether that is a loop waiting for a condition, or something like this: def Break() user_break = gets.strip end def Main() Function1() Break() Function2() Break() [...] end It seems and is incredibly bulky, and definitely isn't easily scaled up or down.

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  • Is there an eCommerce platform made to fit between a global header/footer? [closed]

    - by beta208
    Possible Duplicate: Which Ecommerce Script Should I Use? We've been looking around for a while for an eCommerce platform made to live between the header and footer for integrating in an existing site. We would prefer it not to be paypal buttons, but an actual CMS type platform. Any suggestions? This is not a duplicate, and is a valid question sought out by many across the web. If someone has an answer many people would benefit from it. This is not simply looking for a CMS with X or Y.

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  • Storing user info in Session using an Object vs. normal variables

    - by justinl
    I'm in the process of implementing a user authentication system for my website. I'm using an open source library that maintains user information by creating a User object and storing that object inside my php SESSION variable. Is this the best way to store and access that information? I find it a bit of a hassle to access the user variables because I have to create an object to access them first: $userObj = $_SESSION['userObject']; $userObj->userId; instead of just accessing the user id like this how I would usually store the user ID: $_SESSION['userId']; Is there an advantage to storing a bunch of user data as an object instead of just storing them as individual SESSION variables? ps - The library also seems to store a handful of variables inside the user object (id, username, date joined, email, last user db query) but I really don't care to have all that information stored in my session. I only really want to keep the user id and username.

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